Journal articles: 'Panicum maximum'

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Eyoh, G. D., M. D. Udo, and C. P. Edet. "Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of West African Dwarf Bucks Fed Different Forms of Processed Guinea Grass (Panicum Maximum)." Current Agriculture Research Journal 7, no. 2 (May 10, 2019): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.7.2.13.

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An experiment was conducted to determine the growth performance and carcass characteristics of West African Dwarf bucks fed different types of processed Panicum maximum. Twelve West African Dwarf bucks aged between 6 and 8 months with initial mean weight of 7.26 kg were intensively managed for 56 days. The experimental diets are wilted Panicum maximum, fresh Panicum maximum, ensiled Panicum maximum and Panicum maximum Hay designated as T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively. The results revealed that goats placed on wilted Panicum maximum (T1) (135.18g/day) and hay, (T4) (139.29g/day) were similar in respect to concentrate intake. Forage intake showed significant (P<0.05) differences. Goats fed wilted Panicum (T1) (607.78g/day) and fresh Panicum maximum (T2) (634.46g/day) had similar intake but differed from goats placed on ensiled Panicum maximum (T3) and hay Panicum maximum (T4). Daily dry matter intake (DMI) differed (P<0.05) significantly among treatments. Total daily feed intake of goats on wilted Panicum maximum (T1) (42.96g/day) and fresh Panicum maximum (T2) (759.80g/day) were similar and differed from total daily feed intake of goats placed on ensiled Panicum maximum(564.28g/day) and Hay Panicum maximum484g/day. Goats fed wilted Panicum maximum produced higher value of live weight which did not differ (P>0.05) from other treatments.Bucks on fresh Panicum maximum (T2) had higher value of bled weight (7.40kg) but did not significantly differ (P>0.05). Heavier dressed weight (35.62) was recorded by goats fed wilted Panicum maximum (T1) but did not significantly differ (P>0.05) from other treatments. Dressing percentages, thigh, loin, internal organs and bone to lean ratio were not significantly different (P>0.05) from each other. The use of Panicum maximum in any form has no effect on conversion of forage into meat and formation of any part.

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Almeida, Rodrigo Estevam Munhoz de, Caio Macret Gomes, Bruno Cocco Lago, Silas Maciel de Oliveira, Clovis Pierozan Junior, and José Laércio Favarin. "Corn yield, forage production and quality affected by methods of intercropping corn and Panicum maximum." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 52, no. 3 (March 2017): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2017000300004.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate methods of intercropping corn and Panicum spp. forages and their effects on corn yield and forage development. Two experiments with Panicum spp. were conducted, one with 'Tanzania' and other with 'Massai' in the municipality of Piracicaba, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in the 2012/2013 growing season. In both experiments, the treatments were: broadcast seeding of Panicum spp. at the same time of corn sowing; corn with Panicum spp. between rows; Panicum spp. sown with fertilizer; Panicum spp. sown between corn rows after corn establishment; broadcast seeding of Panicum spp. after corn establishment; and sole corn sowing. For corn, leaf nitrogen content, ear height, and grain yield were evaluated. For Panicum spp. cultivars, height, dry mass, tiller density, and leaf:stem ratio were evaluated. The intercropping establishment methods used do not affect corn growth, grain yield, and N leaf content. The seeding of both cultivars of Panicum spp. when corn plants had four expanded leaves reduces forage dry mass production and increases the leaf:stem ratio. The Panicum spp. broadcast method, performed after corn was established, does not allow appropriate establishment, with few plants in the area.

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Yusuf, A. O., O. S. Sowande, O. M. Sogunle, V. A. Akinbami, O. O. Oyebanji, O. A. Yusuf, D. A. Ekunseitan, K. A. Adeleye, and A. B. J. Aina. "Accessing the nutritional composition and phytochemical screening of Panicum maximum and Newbouldia laevis leaves." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 40, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v40i1.684.

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Ruminant livestock in most parts of the tropics graze extensively on naturally growing forages which are poor in quality. These tropical forages compared to those in the temperate, support lower levels of ruminant animal production mainly because they contain less nitrogen and are less digestible. The quality and quantity of these grasses become more critical in the dry seasons and thereby imposing more serious constraint to the development and productivity of these animals. Therefore, a study was conducted to access nutritional composition of Panicum maximum and Newbouldia laevis. Phytochemical screening of Newbouldia laevis was also carried out. Newbouldia laevis had higher crude fibre, ether extract and crude protein compared to Panicim maximum. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Tannin, Alkaloids, Flavonoids and Saponnin in Newbouldia laevis. The percentages of tannin, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponin in the Newbouldia laevis were 11.5, 52.07, 3.1 and 0.64, respectively while none was recorded for Panicum maximum. The relatively high crude fibre, ether extract and crude protein values for both plants s appeared satisfactory for animal production. Also, the presence of the phytochemicals in the plant showed it importance in ethno veterinary medicine and pharmacology.

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Ajayi, F. T. "Dry matter yield, mineral contents and proximate composition of Panicum maximum (Jacq var. Ntchisi) sown with forage legumes." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 39, no. 1 (January 16, 2021): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v39i1.2275.

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This study assessed the dry matter yield, mineral and proximate composition of Panicum maximum Jacq var. Ntchisi planted with Lablab purpureus (Lablab), Centrosema pubescens (Centro), Aeschynomene histrix (A. histrix) and Stylosanthes guianensis (Stylo) in a 3 x 5 factorial experiment using Randomized Complete Block Design in early, mid and late rainy season. The dry matter yields (DMY) of panicum sown with Lablab (11.82 t/ha/yr) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that observed for other mixtures. The least DMY of 9.46 t/ha/yr was observed for panicum in panicum/ A. histrix mixture. The yields recorded for Stylo and Lablab were highest in mid and late rainy seasons than in the early rain. Panicum sown with Lablab had the highest DM (37.71g/100g DM), Crude protein (CP) (11.36g/100g DM), ether extracts (7.20g/100g DM) and ash content (2.52g/100g DM). Among the legumes, Lablab had the highest CP (23.29 g/100g DM), crude fibre (10.61 g/100g DM) and ash content (3.96 g/100g DM). However, Centro was highest in ether extract (9.30g/100g DM). Panicum sown with Lablab had higher concentration of sodium (Na) and iron (Fe) while panicum planted with Stylo had highest concentration of phosphorus (P). The concentration of calcium (Ca) was similar (P>0.05) among the mixtures but differed (P<0.05) in the legumes. Stylo had the highest Ca concentration (0.72%) whereas highest P and Fe values were observed in Lablab. In conclusion, panicum harvested from panicum/lablab mixture had the highest DMY, CP, EE and ash content of grass in early, mid and late rainy season than the other mixtures.

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Polo L., Edgar Alexis. "Rendimiento Y Componentes De Valor Nutritivo De Tres Cultivares Panicum Máximum." Scientia 31, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.48204/j.scientia.v31n1a3.

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Los géneros Panicum variedades como Mombaça, Tobiatá y Colonial se han introducido a diferentes regiones del país con éxito y fracaso debido a que no se tiene la información de su comportamiento a nivel nacional y nos guiamos por la de los países donde se han introducidos con características de clima, suelo y topografía totalmente variante a la de nuestro país. El trabajo se realizó en el Centro de Enseñanzas e Investigaciones Agropecuarias de Tocumen (CEIAT) de la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad de Panamá. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar tres cultivares de Panicum máximum (Massai, Tanzania y Aruana). La siembra fue con semilla gámica a razón de 6.0 kg/ha de semillas gámica, a una distancia de 0.50 cm entre surco y a chorro continuo. El diseño experimental fue de bloque completamente al azar, con cuatro repeticiones. Los cortes se realizaron cada 30 días. El tamaño de las parcelas fue de 9.00 mt2. Aunque las tres especies tuvieron comportamiento aceptable por su rendimiento de materia seca (P<0.05), destaco Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania con 30.00 y 9.40 t/ha para los periodos lluviosos (invierno) y seco (verano), respectivamente, mientras que Panicum maximum cv. Massai resulto superior (P<0.05) en el contenido de proteína bruta (11.30%). En la época seca no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la altura de los cultivares, pero en el periodo lluvioso Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania y Panicum maximum cv. Massai superaron a Panicum maximum cv. Aruana.

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Gomide, Carlos Augusto Miranda, and José Alberto Gomide. "Morfogênese de cultivares de Panicum maximum jacq." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 29, no. 2 (April 2000): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982000000200004.

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Quatro cultivares de Panicum maximum, Mombaça, Tanzânia, Vencedor e Centenário, foram cultivados em vasos, sob cobertura plástica transparente, para estudo da dinâmica do crescimento de folhas e perfilhos, em dois tipos de perfilho, o principal e o primário, e dois crescimentos, o de estabelecimento, logo após a emergência das plântulas, e o de rebrota, após corte, a 8 cm do solo, aos 21 dias. Os tratamentos foram estudados, em arranjo fatorial 4 x 2 x 2, segundo delineamento de blocos completamente casualizados com quatro repetições. O comprimento da lâmina foliar cresceu com o nível de inserção até a folha de número 9 ou 10, tornando-se menor nas folhas subseqüentes. O perfilhamento teve início na segunda semana de idade e se estendeu até 22 dias de idade, quando o número de perfilhos por planta se estabilizou. O cultivar Tanzânia apresentou maior número de perfilhos por planta (15), enquanto em Mombaça e Vencedor foram observados apenas 10 perfilhos. Maiores taxas de aparecimento e alongamento de folhas foram observadas durante o crescimento de estabelecimento. Em ambos os crescimentos, o cultivar Vencedor exibiu a maior taxa de aparecimento de folhas. O número médio de folhas verdes por perfilho estabilizou-se em 6,5 no cultivar Vencedor e 3,5 nos demais cultivares, no crescimento de rebrota, em que a vida útil das folhas foi de 29 dias para o cultivar Centenário e 36 dias para os demais.

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Lédo, Francisco José da Silva, Antônio Vander Pereira, Fausto de Souza Sobrinho, Alexander Machado Auad, Liana Jank, and Jackson Silva e. Oliveira. "Estimativas de repetibilidade para caracteres forrageiros em Panicum maximum." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 32, no. 4 (August 2008): 1299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542008000400040.

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Objetiva-se com este trabalho estimar a repetibilidade para caracteres forrageiros de Panicum, e determinar o número de cortes de avaliação necessários para a seleção de genótipos de Panicum, com confiabilidade. Utilizaram-se os dados de um ensaio conduzido no período de 21/11/2002 a 08/04/2005, no Campo Experimental da Embrapa Gado de Leite, localizado em Valença-RJ, onde foram realizados 15 cortes de avaliação. No ensaio, foram avaliados 23 genótipos de Panicum maximum, em parcelas experimentais, dispostas no delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Foram estimados os coeficientes de repetibilidade para as características produção de matéria verde de forragem (PMV); produção de matéria seca de forragem (PMS) e de folhas (PMSF); porcentagem de folhas na PMS (%FOL) e altura da planta (AP), utilizando os métodos da análise de variância, componentes principais e análise estrutural. Para todas as características avaliadas os efeitos de genótipos, cortes e interação genótipos x cortes foram significativos (P<0,01). Quando se considerou o coeficiente de determinação de 85%, o número de avaliações (cortes) necessários para a determinação do valor real dos genótipos foram de 10, 9, 7, 11 e 3, respectivamente, para PMV, PMS, PMSF, %FOL e AP. O método dos componentes principais e o da análiseestrutural (baseado na matriz de correlações) foram concordantes para todas as características avaliadas. A realização de 10 cortes de avaliação permite discriminar o valor real dos genótipos de Panicum, com confiabilidade superior a 85%, para a maioria das características avaliadas.

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Wirawan, I. Wayan, I. Wayan Suarna, Ni Nyoman Suryani, Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi, and Ni Luh Gede Sumardani. "PRODUKTIVITAS RUMPUT Panicum maximum CV. GREEN PANIC PADA BERBAGAI TARAF PEMUPUKAN KOTORAN SAPI DALAM KONDISI TERNAUNG DAN TANPA NAUNGAN." Pastura 5, no. 2 (August 4, 2017): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2016.v05.i02.p12.

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The research was carried out to study the effect of cattle manure fertilizer on produktivity of Panicum maximun Cv. Green Panic under shade and without shade conditions. The research used a block randomized design with split plot treatment arrangement and 3 replications. The main plot was shade and withaout shade and the sub plots were 4 level of cattle manure fertilizer (0, 10, 20, dan 30 t ha-1). The parameter of this research is grass height, number of leave, number of tillers, diameter of steam, dry wight of roots, forage and inflorescense production. The results of research showed that not interaction between shade and level cattle manure fertilizer on productivity Panicum maximun Cv. Green Panic. The use of shade 70 % decreasing of forage productions, number of tiller, diameter of steam, dry weight of roots and inflorescense production panicum grass (P<0,05). Increasing the use of cattle manur fertilizer increased of all parameter but not significantly.Key words: shade, cattle manur fertilizer, forage production, and Panicum maximum.

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Ikhimioya, I., M. I. Okoruwa, and U. I. Ikhatua. "Growth performance and nitrogen utilization by West African dwarf goats fed supplemented with varying ratios of and Panicum maximum Afzelia africana Newbouldia laevis." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 4 (December 27, 2020): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i4.570.

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Afzelia africana and Newbouldia laevis have recognizable potential as important locally available forage resources but yet to be explored and exploited for ruminants in the tropics. This study was therefore investigated to determine the effect of supplementing varying ratios of Afzelia africana and Newbouldia laevis with Panicum maximum on growth performance and nitrogen utilization of West African dwarf goats. Twenty female West African dwarf goats, aged between 5 and 7monhs old with an average weight of 6.62 ± 0.41kg were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments with four goats per treatment in a completely randomized design. The treatment diets included T (100% Panicum maximum), T (25% Afzelia africana and 75% Panicum maximum), T (50% Afzelia africana and 50% Panicum maximum), T (25% Newbouldia laevis and 75% Panicum maximum) and T (50% Newbouldia laevis and 50% Panicum maximum). A metabolism trial was conducted at the end of the feeding trial to assess the effects of the diets on nitrogen utilization after the growth study on the goats. Results obtained showed that goats on diets T were significantly (P<0.05) higher in terms of final live weight (9.95kg), metabolic weights (6.20LW ), total weight gain (3.15kg) and growth rate (35.50g.d ) at (P < 0.01) while nitrogen intake (7.86g/d ), metabolic nitrogen intake (1.76g.kg LW ), nitrogen balance (6.81g.d ) were higher (P < 0.001) than goats on other diets. Urinary nitrogen output (6.81g.d ) was significantly (P<0.01) higher in goats on T compared with goats on other diets. No significant (P> 0.05) effect in treatment diets with regards to initial and average live weights, faecal nitrogen output, and total nitrogen output with nitrogen retention. It was concluded that goats fed 50% Afzelia Africana and 50% Panicum maximum had better nitrogen utilization for growth performance.

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Ikihimioya, I., M. I. Okoruwa, and U. I. Ikhatua. "Nutrient intake and digestibility of West African dwarf goats fed graded levels of and as supplements to Afzelia africana Newbouldia laevis Panicum maximum." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 4 (December 27, 2020): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i4.571.

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The study was conducted to determine nutrient intake and digestibility of West African dwarf goats fed graded levels of Afzelia africana and New bouldia laevisas supplements to Panicum maximum. Twenty female West African dwarf goats aged between 5 and 7 months old with mean live weight of 6.62±0.41kg were allotted to five dietary treatments with two replicates of two goats per treatment in a completely randomised design. The compared diets were: T (100% Panicum maximum), T (25%Afzelia africana and 75% Panicum maximum), T (50% Afzelia africana and 50% Panicum maximum), T (25% New bouldia laevis and 75% Panicum maximum) and T (50% Newbouldia laevis and 50% Panicum maximum). A metabolism trial was conducted at the end of the feeding trial to assess the diets on nutrient digestibility after the nutrient intake study of the goats. Results obtained showed that total hemicelluloses intake (62.48g.day ) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T compared with other diets. Total crude protein intake(43.45g.d) and hemicelluloses digestibility(92.20%)were higher significantly (p<0.001) and (p<0.01) respectively in T . Total lignin intake (36.22g.d )and organic matter digestibility (77.70%) were significantly better (p<0.05) and (p<0.01) respectively in T . Digestibility of neutral and acid detergent fibre (55.71% and 49.79%) were significantly higher (p<0.05) and (p<0.001) while dry matter digestibility (83.49%) was significantly better (p<0.01) in T than other treatment diets. Total dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and cellulose intakes with digestibility of crude protein, lignin and cellulose were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by treatment diets. It was concluded that the combination of Panicum maximum based diet with Newbouldia laevis in a ratio of 50:50 had the potential to enhance nutrient digestibility in goats.

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N.M., Witariadi, and N. N. Candraasih, K. "PRODUCTIVITY OF Panicum maximum FERTILIZED WITH DIFFERENT TYPES AND DOSAGE BIO SLURRY." Pastura 7, no. 2 (January 12, 2019): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2018.v07.i02.p09.

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This experiment to determine the productivity of Panicum maximum with different types and doses of bio slurry. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 3 months. The design was complete Randomized Design (RAL), factorial pattern . The factor were firstly the types of bio slurry; these types consisted of cow dung bio slurry (BS) and pig manure bio slurry (BB). The second factors was bio slurry fertilizer dosage , which were as a control without any fertelizer (D0); fertilizer dosage of 10 tons / ha (D1); 20 tons / ha (D2); and 30 tons / ha (D3). Variables Observed include plant growth, production, and growth characteristics. The results showed that there was interaction between different types and dosage of bio slurry fertilizer on plant height variables, and total leaves of Panicum maximum cv. Trichoglume. Pig manure bio slurry at 30 tons/ha dose gave the best growth and production of Panicum maximum cv. Trichoglume. It can be concluded that both types of bio slurry were able to increase growth and production of the grass and in this study pig manure bioslurry (BB) with 30 tons/ha dosage gave the best result. Keywords: growth, production, panicum maximum, bio slurry

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Falola, O. O., and O. O. Olufayo. "In Vitro gas production assessement of Panicum maximum incubated with Leucaena leucocephala at varying proportions to predict the nutritional value for ruminants." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 3 (January 2, 2021): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i3.656.

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The inclusion of multipurpose trees with grass such as Panicum maximum in the diet of ruminants may enhance productivity. Thus, the study was carried out to determine the proximate composition, in vitro gas production characteristics and parameters of Leucaena leucocephala and Panicum maximum at varying proportions. Five diets were formulated such that Panicum maximum was substituted with Leucaena leucocephala at different ratio: T1 (100% Panicum maximum), T2 (100% Leuceana leucocephala), T3 (50% P. maximum + 50% L. leucocephala), T4 (75% P. maximum + 25% L .leucocephala) and T5 (25% P. maximum + 75% L. leucocephala). Data were subjected to analysis of variance. Values obtained for dry matter (34.43 –35.95g/100g) decreased with the increased inclusion of Leuceana leucocephala in the diets. The crude fiber values (14.33 – 30.75g/100g) also followed the same trend while crude protein (CP) content (10.70 – 26.78g/100g) increased the inclusion of Leucaena leucocephala in the diets. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in the treatment means of organic matter digestibility (OMD 31.93 – 37.07%), Metabolisable energy (ME 3.62 – 4.33 MJ/kgDM), short chain fatty acids (SCFA 0.04 – 0.16mL) and methane (ME 1.00 – 2.50 mL).The values (2.00 – 4.67 ml/200mgDM) obtained for immediate soluble 'a' was significantly (P < 0.05) different among the treatments. The extent of gas production (a+b) ranged from 2.00 – 4.67 mL/200mgDM, T1 (100% Panicum maximum) recorded the lowest while highest was observed in T2 (100% Leucaena leucocephala). The insoluble but degradable fraction 'b'ranged from 2.67 – 5.67ml/200mgDM, while the rate of gas production 'c' ranged from 0.04 – 0.14ml/hr. In conclusion, the enhanced values of crude protein, OMD, SCFA, and ME in the Panicum maximum and Leucaena leucocephala mixture indicate that the diets is able to meet the nutrients requirements of small ruminants in the tropics especially during the dry season.

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Sumarsih, Sri, and Bambang Sulistiyanto. "PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN STARTER Lactobacillus Sp. TERHADAP NILAI pH DAN TOTAL ASAM LAKTAT SILASE RUMPUT Panicum maximum." Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36762/litbangjateng.v15i2.414.

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The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus Sp. as starter on pH and total Lactic Acid of Panicum maximum Grass Silage. The completely randomized design was been used on this research with 4 treaments and 4 replications. The treatments were different level LAB (0,2,4 dan 6% v/w). The parameters were pH value and lactc acid. The results showed that pH value were significantly (p<0.05) decreased, and Lactic acid were significantly (p<0.05) with addded of Lactobacillus Sp. on Panicum maximum Grass Silage. The conclusion was the use of starter Lactobacillus Sp. on ensilage process produces chemical qualities of good Panicum maximum silage.

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N.N.C., Kusumawati, N. M. Witariadi, I. K. M. Budiasa, I. G. Suranjaya, and N. G. K. Roni. "PENGARUH JARAK TANAM DAN DOSIS BIO-URIN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL RUMPUT Panicum maximum PADA PEMOTONGAN KETIGA." Pastura 6, no. 2 (January 11, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2017.v06.i02.p05.

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Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui terjadi interaksi antara perlakuan jarak tanam dan dosis bio urin pada pemotongan ketiga serta, bagaimana pertumbuhan rumput dan hasil hijauan rumput Panicum maximum pada pemotongan ketiga.Percobaan ini, dirancang dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial, dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Dosis pupuk bio urin yaitu 0, 3.750 l ha-1, 7.500 l ha-1 dan 11.250 l ha-1 adalah faktor pertama, sedangkan jarak tanam 10 cm x 20 cm, 20 cm x 20 cm, 40 cm x 20 cm adalah faktor kedua. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa interaksi jarak tanam dan dosis bio urin berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan rumput Panicum maximum pada variabel tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan. Jarak tanam dan dosis pupuk bio urin berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap hasil rumput Panicum maximum pada variabel berat kering stabel, daun, batang, bunga, nisbah daun batang dan berat kering total hijauan. Hasil berat kering hijauan yang paling baik pada jarak tanam J1 (10 cm x 20 cm) dengan dosis bio urin D2 (7.500 l ha-1) pada pemotongan ketiga. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Terjadi interaksi antara jarak tanam dengan dosis bio urin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil rumput Panicum maximum pada pemotongan ketiga dengan hasil paling baik pada jarak tanam J1 dengan dosis bio urin D2 dengan total hasil hijauan 7,90 ton ha-1 pada pemotongan ketiga. Kata kunci: jarak tanam, bio urin, Panicum maximum

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I K.M., Budiasa,, I. W. Wirawan, and I. W. Suarna. "PRODUKTIVITAS PERTANAMAN CAMPURAN RUMPUT UNGGUL DENGAN LEGUM LOKAL PADA LAHAN GALIAN C DI KABUPATEN KARANGASEM." Pastura 9, no. 1 (November 25, 2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2019.v09.i01.p12.

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This research to be carried out in the dryland area at Karangasem Regency with the aim of increasing forage productivity quantitavely and in quality and also can be available sustainably. Feed plants are one of the potentials that can be developed on critical land as an effort to increase land productivity so that over land conversion or over exploitation of land that has a negative impact on the enviroment can be minimized. As well as the sand quarry area, which the community mines as wide as posible for reasons of less productive even though the mining doesn’t get permission by the local goverment because it it a protected area and wear absorption. The experiment will use 2 types superior grass, namely Paspalum atratum and Panicum maximum cv Trichogume, and one type of local legume that has been adaptive to the local enviroment, namely Centrocema pubescens. The purpose of research is to get information about Productivity of Paspalum atratum and Panicum maximum Cv Trichoglume Mixed Cropping with Centrocema pubescense, both from the argonomic and nutritional aspect. The experimental design that will be used is block design that consists of 3 groups as replication and 6 treatment, so that there will bw 18 plots (18 research unit). The results of study showed that the growth of grass in the Passpalum atratum monoculturally was better then Panicum maximum grass, as well as the nutrient content. Better growth also occurs in mixed Paspalum maximum grass planting with Centrocema pubescens compare to Panicum atratum with Centrocema pubescens. In the planting of the mixture of both types of grass with legume Centrocema pubescens it was concluded that, the types of grass of Paspalum atratum is more dominant than the Panicum maximum. Keyword: Paspalum atratum, Panicum maximum, Centrocema pubescens, sand quarry, mixed cropping

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Komatsu, Toshinori, and Kousuke Nakajima. "B chromosomes in diploid guineagrass (Panicum maximum JACQ.)." Ikushugaku zasshi 38, no. 2 (1988): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.38.151.

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Martuscello, Janaina Azevedo, Liana Jank, Dilermando Miranda da Fonseca, Cosme Damião Cruz, and Daniel de Noronha Figueiredo Vieira da Cunha. "Repetibilidade de caracteres agronômicos em Panicum maximum Jacq." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 36, no. 6 suppl (December 2007): 1975–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982007000900005.

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O experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o coeficiente de repetibilidade de algumas características agronômicas em híbridos de Panicum maximum. Dez parcelas de plantas sexuais da espécie foram aleatoriamente distribuídas entre as 230 parcelas de acessos apomíticos. Após a fecundação natural, sementes de cada planta sexual constituíram-se uma família de meios-irmãos. Trinta plantas de cada progenitora foram avaliadas em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com cinco plantas por parcela e seis repetições. A partir de cinco cortes, estimou-se o coeficiente de repetibilidade pelos métodos da Análise de Variância, Componentes principais (matriz de correlação e covariância) e Análise estrutural. Os coeficientes de repetibilidade (r) nos diferentes métodos, para todas as características avaliadas, oscilaram entre 0,51 e 0,86 e podem ser considerados altos, assim como os coeficientes de determinação. As estimativas do coeficiente de repetibilidade obtidas para as quatro características avaliadas pelo método da análise de variância foram quase sempre menores que as obtidas pelos demais métodos. Pelo método dos componentes principais (baseado na matriz de covariância), as estimativas foram sempre maiores em relação aos demais métodos. Considerando satisfatórios níveis de 80 ou 90% de confiabilidade para avaliação da superioridade relativa dos híbridos para todas as características avaliadas, as cinco medições realizadas são suficientes para escolha da melhor planta. A exclusão dos cortes 1 e 2 promove aumento nos coeficientes de repetibilidade e determinação.

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Oliveira, Gustavo Silva de, Leandro Spíndola Pereira, Gustavo Dorneles de Sousa, Jeovane Nascimento Silva, Estevam Matheus Costa, and Adriano Jakelaitis. "Matocompetição em pastagem de Panicum maximum BRS Tamani." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): e42010414388. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14388.

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Para a adoção de estratégias de manejo de plantas daninhas torna-se imprescindível o conhecimento dos períodos de interferência entre a comunidade infestante e a cultura de interesse econômico. Nesta pesquisa objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da matocompetição na implantação da pastagem de Panicum maximum BRS Tamani e na rebrotação desta após o corte. Dois ensaios foram conduzidos em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. No primeiro ensaio, a forrageira foi mantida em convivência com as plantas daninhas pelos períodos de 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 e 63 dias após a emergência (DAE) da pastagem, e no segundo ensaio, a forrageira foi mantida sem a convivência das plantas daninhas pelos mesmos períodos até o corte da forrageira, aos 63 DAE. As parcelas foram mantidas livres da convivência de plantas daninhas por capinas manuais, conforme tratamento. A matocompetição se estabeleceu logo após a emergência da forrageira e reduziu o rendimento de forragem. O período crítico de prevenção da interferência de plantas daninhas na pastagem de P. maximum BRS Tamani situou-se entre 1(um) e se estendeu até aos 42 DAE. A interferência de plantas daninhas diminuiu a produção da forragem, bem como a porcentagem de cobertura vegetal, altura do dossel e perfilhamento da forrageira.

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Sana, Youssoufou, Jacob Sanou, Salam Richard Kondombo, Louis Sawadogo, and Chantal Kabore-Zoungrana. "Optimisation de l'utilisation du Panicum maximum C1 Aeschynomene histrix, Stylosanthès hamata et, Arachis pintoï sur les performances zootechniques des lapins." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 5 (September 14, 2020): 1633–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i5.12.

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Au Burkina Faso l’alimentation des animaux pendant la saison sèche constitue le premier contraint du développement de l’élevage. Cette étude a pour but d’évaluer l’effet d’une alimentation à base de Panicum maximum C1, Aeschynomene histrix, Stylosanthès hamata, Arachis pintoï sur les performances zootechniques des lapins. Le dispositif expérimental a été réalisé sur la Station de Recherche de Farako-Bâ. Au total, neuf (9) lapins mâles (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) âgés de dix (10) semaines et pesant en moyenne (790 ± 39,04g) chacun, ont été répartis dans 3 cages de volume: 42 cm x 63 cm x 39 cm soit un volume de 103194 cm3 chacune. Ces lapins ont été répartis en trois (3) lots de trois (3) lapins chacun. Les lots ont reçu les rations suivantes: la ration1du lot1(R1L1) était composée de l’aliment Panicum maximum C1, Aeschynomene histrix ; la ration 2 (R2L2), Panicum maximum C1, Stylosanthès hamata et la ration 3 (R3L3), Panicum maximum C1, Arachis pintoï. A chaque ration on a ajouté du son de maïs et de riz et du sel. Les lapins nourris à la ration R3L3, ont eu un gain moyen journalier de 9,13±4,33 g/j contre 8,51±2,22g/j pour R1L1 8,90±3,33g/j pour R2L2. Une différence non significative (p > 0,05) est observée entre les trois rations. La ration R3L3 donne de bonnes performances zootechniques et constitue un atout économique pour les cunicultures.Mots clés : lapins, rations, gain moyen quotidien, alimentation English title: Optimization of the use of Panicum maximum C1 and Aeschynomene histrix, Stylosanthes hamata and, Arachis pintoï on the zootechnical performance of rabbitsIn Burkina Faso feeding animals during the dry season is the main constraint on livestock development. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a diet based on Panicum maximum C1, Aeschynomene histrix, Stylosanthès hamata, and Arachis pintoï on the zootechnical performance of rabbits. The experimental device was carried out at the Farako-Bâ Research Station. A total of nine (9) male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) aged ten (10) weeks and weighing on average (790 ±39,04g) each, were distributed in three volume cages: 42 cm x 63 cm x 39 cm, each having a volume of 103194 cm3. These rabbits were divided into three (3) lots of three (3) rabbits each. The lots received the following rations: ration1 of Lot 1(R1L1) consisted of the food Panicum maximum C1 and Aeschynomene histrix; ration 2 (R2L2), Panicum maximum C1 and Stylosanthès hamata and ration 3 (R3L3), Panicum maximum C1, Arachis pintoï. Corn and rice bran and salt was added to each ration. Rabbits fed R3L3, had an average daily gain of 9,13±4,33 g/d compared to 8,51±2,22g/d for R1L1 and 8,90±3,33g/d for R2L2. There was no difference between the three rations (p > 0.05) but the R3L3 ration provides good zootechnical performance and is an economic asset for cuniculture.Keywords: Rabbits, rations, average daily gain, feed.

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Kill-Silveira, Rafael. "MANEJO ECOFISIOLÓGICO DAS GRAMÍNEAS Megathyrsus maximus (Panicum maximum) cv. TANZÂNIA, MOMBAÇA E MASSAI." Veterinária e Zootecnia 27 (July 17, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35172/rvz.2020.v27.421.

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Objetivou-se com esta revisão apresentar informações práticas referentes ao manejo de algumas subespécies de gramíneas tropicais da espécie Megathyrsus maximus e sua relação com a composição bromatológica e resposta de crescimento a adubação e ao processo de colheita pelos animais, bem como o efeito deste sobre a estrutura do pasto. Devido a sazonalidade da intensidade luminosa e principalmente do regime de chuvas é importantes esclarecer que para os sistemas de produção a pasto (sistema de lotação contínua ou intermitente) devem ser executadas estratégias para o período de entressafra (secas), estas estratégias podem ser de suplementação (com concentrado e/ou volumoso), variação da taxa de lotação, ou ambas. Independentemente de outras variáveis para o capim-Massai e para as outras cultivares estudadas o período de colheita ideal se dá em plantas com 3,5+0,5 folhas expandidas. De maneira geral para Megathyrsus maximus cv Tanzânia sob regime de lotação contínua e carga animal variável, recomenda-se a altura de pastejo entre 40 e 60 cm, e para lotação intermitente (pastejo rotacionado) o ideal é a entrada com +65 cm de dossel (parte aérea) e 25 a 30 cm para o resíduo pós pastejo. Ao ser utilizado com o silagem esta mesma cultivar deve ser cortada entre 42 e 63 dias após o plantio. Para o capim-Mombaça em regime de lotação intermitente a entrada dos animais deve ocorrer com altura aproximada de 80 cm e saída de 40 cm, e para lotação contínua a altura ideal é de 50 a 75 cm. O manejo correto das pastagens é um processo complexo devido às variações das condições climáticas ao longo do ano, diferentes tipos de solo (com características físicas e químicas diferentes), categorias e hábitos de pastejo das diferentes espécies animais, e ainda à grande diversidade de cultivares de capim que são lançados sem estudos necessários para o conhecimento do comportamento destas espécies e as aplicações práticas para a perfeita compreensão dos manejadores. Adicionalmente podemos destacar ainda a falta de assessoria técnica para o aumento da eficiência produtiva essencial para que os produtores saiam da condição de apenas exploradores dos recursos disponíveis necessários para a produção animal.

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N. M., Witariadi, and N. N. C. Kusumawati. "DAMPAK PEMUPUKAN UREA DAN BIOURIN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS RUMPUT Panicum maximum cv.Trichoglume." Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan 23, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mip.2020.v23.i02.p02.

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Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui dampak pemupukan urea dan biourin terhadap produktivitas rumput Panicum maximum cv.Trichoglume. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan delapan perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang enam kali. Perlakuan tersebut yaitu: Do (0 kg urea/ha); D1 (75 kg urea/ha); D2 (50 kg urea/ha); D3 (25 kg urea/ha); D4 (7.500 l biourin/ha); D5 (75 kg urea/ha+7.500 l biourin/ha); D6 (50 kg urea/ha+7.500 l biourin/ha); dan D7 (25 kg urea/ha+7.500 l biourin/ha). Variabel yang diamati meliputi: tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan, jumlah cabang, jumlah daun, luas daun per pot, berat kering daun, berat kering batang, berat kering total hijauan, berat kering akar, nisbah berat kering daun dengan berat kering batang, dan nisbah berat kering total hijauan dengan berat kering akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk kombinasi antara urea dan biourin pada rumput Panicum maximum cv. Trichoglume memberikan pertumbuhan lebih baik dibandingkan hanya dipupuk dengan salah satu jenis pupuk tersebut. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemupukan kombinasi antara urea dan biourin dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan rumput Panicum maximum cv. Trichoglume, hasil terbaik pada dosis 75 kg urea/ha+7.500 l biourin/ha.

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Simonetti, A., W. M. Marques, and L. V. C. Costa. "PRODUTIVIDADE DE CAPIM-MOMBAÇA (Panicum maximum), COM DIFERENTES DOSES DE BIOFERTILIZANTE / MOMBAÇA GRASS PRODUCTIVITY (Panicum maximum), WITH DIFFERENT DOSES OF BIOFERTILIZER." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Biossistemas 10, no. 1 (March 21, 2016): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18011/bioeng2016v10n1p107-115.

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Mandret, Gilles, A. Ourry, and Guy Roberge. "L'intérêt du Panicum maximum pour l'intensification fourragère au Sénégal. I. L'association maraîchage-élevage." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 43, no. 2 (February 1, 1990): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8873.

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L'intensification fourragère au Sénégal est envisagée, en association avec le maraîchage, où la graminée tropicale Panicum maximum permet une éradication des nématodes, un accroissement de la matière organique dans le sol et la constitution de réserves fourragères pour les éleveurs urbains de moutons. L'exploitation intensive de Panicum maximum est étudiée en fonction des variations climatiques saisonnières, pour définir une cinétique de croissance. L'incidence économique de la fertilisation est abordée sous l'aspect des exportations, du coefficient apparent d'utilisation et de la dilution de l'azote dans la matière sèche.

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Silanikove, N., O. Cohen, D. Levanon, T. Kipnis, and Y. Kugenheim. "Preservation and storage of green panic (Panicum maximum) as moist hay with urea." Animal Feed Science and Technology 20, no. 2 (May 1988): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(88)90033-8.

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Ghêliho Zoffoun, Alex, and Abossèdé Murielle Lucrèce Faïhun. "Palatabilité de onze fourrages tropicaux chez des cobayes (Cavia porcellus) de différents stades physiologiques au B." Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 41.2 (August 31, 2019): 6916–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v41-2.5.

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Évaluer la palatabilité de onze fourrages tropicaux chez les cobayes (Cavia porcellus). Des cobayes appartenant à deux stades physiologiques (jeunes et adultes) ont fait l’objet des tests sur la palatabilité. Onze espèces fourragères tirées des résultats d’enquête auprès des éleveurs locaux ont été utilisées : Panicum maximum C1(Herbe de Guinée var C1), Panicum maximum local (Herbe de Guinée local), Pennisetum purpureum (Herbe éléphant), Elaeis guineensis (Palmier à huile), Musa acuminata (Bananier), Manihot esculenta (Manioc), Carica papaya (Papayer), Centrosema pubescens (Haricot sauvage), Moringa olifera (Moringe), Talinum triangulare (Pourpier tropical) et Tridax procumbens (Herbe à lapins). L’indice de palatabilité (IP) de chaque fourrage a été déterminé selon la méthode décrite par Salem et al. (2000). Panicum maximum local a présenté l’indice de préférence le plus élevé aussi bien chez les jeunes que chez les adultes, les valeurs ont été respectivement de 0,22 et 0,38. Centrosoma pubescens, Tridax procumbens et Panicum maximum C1 ont aussi présenté des indices de préférence élevés pour les deux stades physiologiques des cobayes. Les valeurs obtenues pour Centrosoma pubescens ont été de 0,22 chez les jeunes contre 0,25 chez les adultes, pour Tridax procumbens 0,19 chez les jeunes contre 0,24 chez les adultes, pour Panicum maximum C1 0,10 chez les jeunes contre 0,15 chez les adultes. Les valeurs d’indice de préférence les plus faibles ont été obtenues pour les espèces fourragères Musa acuminata (IP=0,00 chez les jeunes contre 0,02 chez les adultes) et Elaeis guineensis (IP=0,01 chez les jeunes contre 0,01 chez les adultes). Les valeurs obtenues pour les indices de préférences ont été influencées significativement par l’âge de l’animal (p-value = 0.005651) et le type de fourrage (p-value < 2.2e-16). La présente étude a permis d’évaluer la palatabilité de onze espèces fourragères chez des cobayes de différents stades physiologiques et d’en retenir les plus appétées par ces animaux. La connaissance des espèces fourragères les plus appréciées par les cobayes et la composition chimique de ces dernières permettront d'optimiser les stratégies d'alimentation dans les élevages. Palatability of eleven tropical forages in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) of different physiological stages in Benin To evaluate the palatability of eleven tropical forages in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Guinea pigs from two physiological stages (young and adult) were tested for palatability. Eleven forage species from survey results from local breeders were used : Panicum maximum C1 (Guinea grass C1), Panicum maximum local (local Guinea grass), Pennisetum purpureum (Elephant grass), Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm), Musa acuminata (Banana), Manihot esculenta (Cassava), Carica papaya (Pawpaw), Centrosema pubescens (Butterfly pea), Moringa olifera (Moringa), Talinum triangulare (Potherb fameflower) et Tridax procumbens (Coat buttons). The palatability index (PI) of each forage was determined by following the procedure described by Salem et al. (2000). Local Panicum maximum had the highest preference index in both young and adults, with values of 0.22 and 0.38, respectively. Centrosoma pubescens, Tridax procumbens and Panicum maximum C1 also showed high preference indices for the two physiological stages of guinea pigs. The values obtained for Centrosoma pubescens were 0.22 in the young against 0.25 in the adults, for Tridax procumbens 0.19 in the young against 0.24 in the adults, for Panicum maximum C1, 0.10 in the young against 0.15 in adults. The lowest preference index values were obtained for the forage species Musa acuminata (IP = 0.00 in young versus 0.02 in adults) and Elaeis guineensis (IP = 0.01 in young versus 0.01 in adults). The values obtained for the preference indices were significantly influenced by the age of the animal (p-value = 0.005651) and the type of forage (p-value <2.2e-16). The present study evaluated the palatability of eleven forage species in guinea pigs of different physiological stages and retained the most palatable of these animals. The knowledge of the forage species most appreciated by the guinea pigs and the chemical composition of the latter will optimize the feeding strategies in the farms.

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Camilo, Silma da Silva, Márcia Vitória Santos, Marcus Alvarenga Soares, and Evaldo Martins Pires. "Ataque e Caracterização de Danos de Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em Brachiaria decumbens Stapf e Panicum maximum Jacq." EntomoBrasilis 7, no. 1 (April 20, 2014): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v7i1.388.

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As pastagens cultivadas constituem a base da bovinocultura no Brasil sendo que, os gêneros Brachiaria e Panicum ocupam lugar de destaque. Brachiaria decumbens Stapf possui vantagens como grande adaptabilidade a solos ácidos e de baixa fertilidade, ao clima tropical, além de proporcionar alto rendimento de massa seca. Panicum maximum Jacq. é importante devido ao alto potencial de produção de massa seca por unidade de área, adaptabilidade, qualidade de forragem, facilidade de estabelecimento e aceitabilidade pelos animais. Foi observado o ataque do pulgão Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), comumente encontrado em hortaliças, principalmente nas do gênero Brassica, nestas gramíneas, causando danos como amarelecimento de folhas, depauperamento e formação de fumagina em plantas cultivadas em casa de vegetação. Este inseto poderá se tornar uma praga potencial de B. decumbens cv. Basilisk e P. maximum cv. Tanzânia se for confirmada sua adaptação aos novos hospedeiros em campo. Attack and Damage Characterization of Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Brachiaria decumbens Stapf and Panicum maximum Jacq. Abstract. The cultivated pastures are the basis of cattle rearing in Brazil and the Brachiaria and Panicum genera are most important. Brachiaria decumbens Stapf has great advantages such as adaptability to acid soils of low fertility, to the tropical climate and to providing high yield of dry matter. Panicum maximum Jacq. is important because of the high potential production of dry mass per unit area, adaptability, forage quality, ease of establishment and acceptability by animals. It was reported the attack and damage of the aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (L.), commonly found in vegetables, especially in the genus Brassica, in these grasses causing damage such as leaf yellowing, plant depletion and formation of sooty mold in the greenhouse. This insect can become a potential pest of B. decumbens cv. Basilisk and P. maximum cv. Tanzânia, if confirmed their adaptation to new hosts in the field.

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Kaunang, C. L., S. Sane, and E. Pudjihastuti. "Performans Sapi Yang Diberi Panicum maximum Teramoniasi dan Suplementasi UGB." Jurnal MIPA 8, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jmuo.8.3.2019.26191.

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Pakan lokal berupa hijauan Panicum maximum (rumput Benggala) dan jerami jagung merupakan hijauan yang tersedia sepanjang tahun dalam jumlah yang cukup besar tetapi mempunyai kendala, yaitu rendahnya nilai nutrisi dan nilai biologisnya. Dengan teknologi amoniasi diharapkan pakan hijauan tersebut dapat meningkat kualitasnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari performans sapi yang diberi UGB, rumput Benggala dan jerami jagung yang teramoniasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Paniki I Manado, selama 3 bulan. Ternak yang digunakan terdiri dari 16 ekor sapi jantan lokal. Hijauan yang digunakan yaitu rumput Benggala dan jerami jagung. Pakan tambahan UGB diberikan secara konstan sebanyak 500 gr/ekor/hari dan air minum diberikan secara ad libitum. Ransum perlakuan yang diberikan : R0; R1; R2; R3. Variable yang diamati yaitu konsumsi bahan kering, pertambahan bobot badan harian dan status metabolis darah. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan RAK. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah perlakuan R3 memberikan performans yang optimal pada sapi yang diberi Panicum maximum (rumput Benggala) dan suplementasi UGBLocal feed in the form of forage Panicum maximum (Bengal grass) and corn straw is a forage that is available throughout the year in large enough quantities but has obstacles, namely the low nutritional value and biological value. With ammoniation technology, it is expected that the forage feed can improve its quality. The purpose of this study was to observe the performance of cows fed with UGBs, Bengal grass and ammoniated corn straw. This research was conducted in Paniki I Village Manado, for 3 months. The cattle used consisted of 16 local bulls. The enclosures used are 2 x 3 x 3m individual cages. Forages used are Bengal grass and corn straw. Additional UGB feed is constantly given as much as 500 gr / head / day and drinking water is given ad libitum. Ration of treatment given: R0; R1;R2. Variables observed were dry matter consumption, daily weight gain and blood metabolic status. The data obtained were analyzed using RCBD with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The conclusion obtained from this study is that R3 treatment provides optimal performance in cattle fed Panicum maximum (Bengal grass) and UGB supplementation

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N. M., Witariadi, and N. N. C. Kusumawati. "EFEK SUBSITUSI PUPUK UREA DENGAN PUPUK BIO SLURRY TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS RUMPUT BENGGALA (Panicum maximum cv. Trichoglume)." Pastura 8, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2019.v08.i02.p05.

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This experiment to determine the effect of substitution of urea fertilizer with bio slurry fertilizer on productivity of Panicum maximum cv. Trichoglume grass. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 3 months. The design was used completely randomized design (CRD), with seven treatments and each treatment repeated five times. The treatment was dosage of 200 urea kg/ha (A); 150 kg urea/ha + 10 tons cow bio slurry /ha (B); 100 kg urea/ha + 20 tons cow bio slurry/ha (C); 50 kg urea/ha + 30 tons cow bio slurry/ha (D); 150 kg urea/ha + 10 tons pig bio slurry/ha (E); 100 kg urea/ha + 20 tons pig bio slurry/ha (F); 50 kg urea/ha + 30 tons pig bio slurry/ha (G). Variables observed were plant height, number of tillers, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, total forage dry weight, leaf area per pot, and leaf dry weight ratio with stem dry weight. The results showed that the effectiveness of urea fertilizer substitution with pig bio slurry gave the best growth and production of grass Panicum maximum cv. Trichoglume, where treatment (G) with substitution of 50 kg urea/ha + 30 tons pig bio slurry/ha gave the highest yield. It can be concluded increasng of growth and production of grass Panicum maximum cv. Trichoglume can be substituted with 50 kg urea/ha + 30 tons pig bio slurry/ha. Keywords: substitution, urea, bio slurry, productivity, Panicum maximum

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Jank, Liana, Edson A. De Lima, Rosangela M. Simeão, and Ronimar C. Andrade. "Potential of Panicum maximum as a source of energy." Tropical Grasslands - Forrajes Tropicales 1, no. 1 (2013): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17138/tgft(1)92-94.

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Braz, T. G. S., D. M. Fonseca, L. Jank, C. D. Cruz, and J. A. Martuscello. "Repeatability of agronomic traits in Panicum maximum (Jacq.) hybrids." Genetics and Molecular Research 14, no. 4 (2015): 19282–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2015.december.29.38.

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Gomide, Carlos Augusto de Miranda, and José Alberto Gomide. "Análise de crescimento de cultivares de Panicum maximum Jacq." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 28, no. 4 (August 1999): 675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35981999000400003.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o crescimento de três cultivares de Panicum maximum: Mombaça, Tanzânia e Vencedor cultivados em vasos, sob cobertura de lona plástica transparente. Os vasos foram cheios com 6 dm³ de latossolo vermelho-amarelo, textura argilosa, contendo alto teor de matéria orgânica. O solo, após ser peneirado, recebeu calagem e enriquecimento com N e P, 150 mg/dm³ de cada elemento. As sementes foram plantadas em vasos, num total de 54. Após desbaste, cinco plantas foram deixadas por vaso. Diariamente os vasos foram molhados e quinzenalmente fertilizados, cada um, com 50 mg/dm³ de N e K, em solução aquosa. Cada cultivar foi colhido às idades de 17, 24, 31, 38, 45 e 52 dias após emergência da semente. Houve três repetições para cada cultivar e idade. Em cada colheita, as plantas foram cortadas próximo à superfície do solo e separadas em folhas, colmo, raízes e material morto. A área das lâminas foliares foi medida em integrador de área foliar. Lâminas foliares, colmo e sistema radicular foram pesados após secagem a 60ºC por 72 horas. Valores instantâneos foram estimados para os índices de crescimento: área foliar específica (AFE), razão de peso foliar (RPF), razão de área foliar (RAF), taxa assimilatória líquida (TAL) e taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), de todos três cultivares. Houve diferenças entre os cultivares quanto aos valores instantâneos de RAF e TCR à idade de 17 dias. As variações de AFE foram as principais causas das mudanças em RAF. Nenhuma diferença foi observada entre os cultivares quanto à TAL.

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Correia, N. M., and F. J. Perussi. "Manejo de plantas adultas de Panicum maximum cv. Aruana." Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias - Brazilian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 10, no. 1 (March 27, 2015): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5039/agraria.v10i1a5107.

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de C. Lara, Letícia A., Mateus F. Santos, Liana Jank, Lucimara Chiari, Mariane de M. Vilela, Rodrigo R. Amadeu, Jhonathan P. R. dos Santos, Guilherme da S. Pereira, Zhao-Bang Zeng, and Antonio Augusto F. Garcia. "Genomic Selection with Allele Dosage in Panicum maximum Jacq." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 9, no. 8 (June 6, 2019): 2463–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.118.200986.

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Hanna, Wayne W. "Registration of 12 Winter‐Hardy Panicum Maximum Germplasm Clones." Crop Science 26, no. 2 (March 1986): 389–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600020049x.

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Costa, Newton, Claudio Townsend, João Magalhães, Valdinei Paulino, Antônio Rodrigues, and Braz Rodrigues. "Resposta de Panicum maximum cv. Massai à fertilização fosfatada." PubVet 9, no. 10 (October 2015): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22256/pubvet.v9n10.429-433.

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Braz, Thiago Gomes dos Santos, Dilermando Miranda da Fonseca, Liana Jank, Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende, Janaina Azevedo Martuscello, and Rosangela Maria Simeão. "Genetic parameters of agronomic characters in Panicum maximum hybrids." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 42, no. 4 (April 2013): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982013000400001.

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Urbina, Julio A., and Luisana Avilan. "The kinetic mechanism of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase from Panicum maximum." Phytochemistry 28, no. 5 (January 1989): 1349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)97744-6.

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Tamma, Rama V., and Megh Singh. "Norflurazon Selectivity in Two Biotypes of Guineagrass (Panicum maximum)." Weed Science 35, no. 6 (November 1987): 749–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500079273.

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Phytotoxicity, absorption, translocation, and metabolism of root-applied norflurazon [4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone] in tolerant narrowleaf and susceptible broadleaf guineagrass (Panicum maximumJacq. # PANMA) biotypes were examined under greenhouse and laboratory conditions. Dose response studies conducted in the greenhouse showed greater injury to the shoots of broadleaf than narrowleaf biotypes.14C-norflurazon absorbed was 0.3 and 0.5% and 1.6 and 2.4% of that applied, 3 and 7 days after application for narrowleaf and broadleaf biotypes, respectively. Of the total radioactivity absorbed after 3 and 7 days, 70 and 76% and 57 and 61% were translocated to the shoots of susceptible and tolerant biotypes, respectively. Gas chromatographic analyses revealed that broadleaf shoots had 3.08 μg/g dry wt of the parent compound while its tolerant counterpart had 0.40 μg/g dry wt, 7 days after application. The toxic parent compound was metabolized more rapidly to its non-phytotoxic desmethyl analog by narrowleaf biotypes, thereby preventing its accumulation in the shoots. Differences in absorption, translocation, and metabolism were responsible for the differential response of the two biotypes of guineagrass.

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Martuscello, Janaina Azevedo, Thiago Gomes dos Santos Braz, Liana Jank, Daniel de Noronha Figueiredo Vieira da Cunha, and Ana Luiza Silva Carvalho. "IDENTIFICATION OF IDEOTYPES BY CANONICAL ANALYSIS IN Panicum maximum." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 39, no. 2 (April 2015): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542015000200006.

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Grouping of genotypes by canonical variable analysis is an important tool in breeding. It allows the grouping of individuals with similar characteristics that are associated with superior agronomic performance and may indicate the ideal profile of a plant for the region. The objective of the present study was to define, by canonical analysis, the agronomic profile of Panicum maximum plants adapted to the Agreste region. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 28 treatments, 22 genotypes of Panicum maximum, and cultivars Mombasa, Tanzania, Massai, Milenio, BRS Zuri, and BRS Tamani in triplicate in 4-m² plots. Plots were harvested five times and the following traits were evaluated: plant height; total, leaf, and stem; dead dry matter yields; leaf:stem ratio; leaf percentage; and volumetric density of forage. The analysis of canonical variables was performed based on the phenotypic means of the evaluated traits and on the residual variance and covariance matrix. Genotype PM34 showed higher mean leaf dry matter yield under the conditions of the Agreste of Alagoas (on average 53% higher than cultivars Mombasa, Tanzania, Milenio and Massai). It was possible to summarize the variation observed in eight agronomic characteristics in only two canonical variables accounting for 81.44 % of the data variation. The ideotype plant adapted to the conditions of the Agreste should be tall and present high leaf yield, leaf percentage, and leaf:stem ratio, and intermediate values of volumetric density of forage.

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Paiva, Elder A. S., and Sílvia R. Machado. "Collenchyma in Panicum maximum (Poaceae): localisation and possible role." Australian Journal of Botany 51, no. 1 (2003): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt02046.

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This work relates the occurrence and distribution of collenchyma in Panicum maximum Jacq. P.�maximum leaves were collected at different phases of development and sampled from both the base of the sheath and from the sheath–leaf blade transition area. For the stems, the study was made by using hand-cut sections of the internodal base. In the leaves, analyses of serial sections showed, at the base and sheath–leaf blade transition area, a sudden change of tissue at vascular bundle. The vascular bundles are surrounded by sclerenchyma, both in the sheath and the leaf blade, as well as by fibrous threads that occur on the adaxial side of the central bundles. However, at the base of the sheath and at the sheath–leaf blade transition area, sclerenchyma was substituted for collenchyma. In the stem, the substitution of sclerenchyma associated with vascular bundles for collenchyma occurs at the base of the internode, in the pulvinus region. The analyses from transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of lamellated cell wall and active protoplast in collenchyma cells.

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Lu, Chin-yi, and Indra K. Vasil. "HISTOLOGY OF SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS IN PANICUM MAXIMUM (GUINEA GRASS)." American Journal of Botany 72, no. 12 (December 1985): 1908–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1985.tb08464.x.

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Anna, Carolina Bluma-Marques, Chiari Lucimara, Cristina Agnes Dbora, Jank Liana, and Suely Pagliarini Maria. "Molecular markers linked to apomixis in Panicum maximum Jacq." African Journal of Biotechnology 13, no. 22 (May 28, 2014): 2198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb2014.13703.

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Britto de Assis Prado, Carlos Henrique, Lívia Haik Guedes de Camargo-Bortolin, Érique Castro, and Carlos Alberto Martinez. "Leaf Dynamics of Panicum maximum under Future Climatic Changes." PLOS ONE 11, no. 2 (February 19, 2016): e0149620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149620.

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Valles de la Mora, Braulio, Epigmenio Castillo Gallegos, and Hugo Bernal Barragán. "Rendimiento y degradabilidad ruminal de materia seca y energía de diez pastos tropicales cosechados a cuatro edades." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 7, no. 2 (May 2, 2016): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v7i2.4170.

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El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de determinar el rendimiento de materia seca (RMS), y la degradabilidad ruminal de la materia seca (MS) y la energía, de diez pastos de los géneros Brachiaria: B. brizantha (Insurgente), B. decumbens (Señal), B. humidicola (Chetumal), B. brizantha x B. ruzieziensis (Mulato I); Panicum: P. maximum cv. Mombasa, P. maximum cv. Guinea, P. maximum cv. Tanzania; y Pennisetum: P. purpureum cv. Taiwan, P. purpureum cv. Cuban king grass, P. purpureum cv. Purple king grass, a 3, 6, 9 y 12 semanas de rebrote, en tres ciclos de crecimiento. La degradabilidad ruminal de MS y energía se determinó a 48 h de incubación in situ. El RMS fue 3,037, 1,689 y 1,872 kg ha-1, para Pennisetum, Brachiaria y Panicum (P<0.05). La PC disminuyó de 11.6 a 6.9 % (3 a 12 semanas), sin diferencias entre géneros. Contenidos (%) de FDN, FDA y LIG fueron 72.1, 43.5 y 8.1 (Brachiaria); 73.0, 45.8 y 9.0 (Panicum); y 68.8, 44.4 y 9.1 (Pennisetum); así como 68.1, 40.1 y 8.2 (3 semanas); y 76.2, 49.7 y 9.5 (12 semanas). La degradabilidad in situ de MS fue 70.0 (Brachiaria), 65.8 (Panicum) y 72.9 % (Pennisetum); disminuyendo de 71.7 a 62.9 % de 3 a 12 semanas. La energía pre-incubada promedió: 3,802, 3,756, y 3,608 kcal kg-1 MS, para Brachiaria, Panicum, y Pennisetum, sin cambios por edad de rebrote. La degradabilidad (% de la EB incubada in situ en el rumen) fue 55.6, 51.4 y 57.9, para Brachiaria, Panicum y Pennisetum. En conclusión, la edad de rebrote y género afectaron el valor nutritivo de los pastos evaluados.

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Patterson, David T. "Effects of Day and Night Temperature on Vegetative Growth of Texas Panicum (Panicum texanum)." Weed Science 38, no. 4-5 (September 1990): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004317450005668x.

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Texas panicum was grown in controlled-environment chambers in 16 day/night temperature regimes ranging from 19/11 to 34/26 C. After 33 days, maximum plant height, leaf area, and dry weight occurred at 34/26 C. The greatest number of tillers and leaves occurred at 34/16 C. Partitioning of plant biomass into stems increased with increasing night temperature, while partitioning into leaves tended to decrease. Partitioning of biomass into roots decreased with increasing night temperature at day temperatures of 19 or 24 C but not at 34 C. Plant dry matter production (DMP) was highly correlated with both leaf area duration (LAD) and net assimilation rate (NAR) during the first 2 weeks of growth. During the subsequent 3 weeks, DMP was highly correlated with LAD but not with NAR. The low-temperature threshold for growth of Texas panicum was approximately 11 C. Texas panicum attained 25% of its maximum growth at an average daily temperature of 21 C, 50% at 24 C, and 75% at 26 C. Texas panicum is unlikely to become a highly competitive weed outside the southern and southwestern United States.

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Andrade, Carlos Augusto Oliveira de, Emerson Borghi, Leandro Bortolon, Elisandra Solange Oliveira Bortolon, Francelino Peteno de Camargo, Junior Cesar Avanzi, Jones Simon, Rubens Ribeiro da Silva, and Rodrigo Ribeiro Fidelis. "Straw production and agronomic performance of soybean intercropped with forage species in no-tillage system." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 52, no. 10 (October 2017): 861–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2017001000005.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the straw production and the agronomic performance of soybean intercropped with oversown forage species, in no-tillage system. A randomized complete block design was carried out with four replicates, in a 5×2+2 factorial arrangement, as follows: five forage species - Urochloa brizantha 'Marandu', Urochloa ruziziensis, Panicum maximum 'Mombaça', Panicum maximum 'Massai', and Pennisetum americanum -, intercropped with soybean over two crop years (2013/2014 and 2014/2015), plus two controls, with P. americanum sowed in succession to soybean or with soybean monocropping followed by winter fallow (traditional cultivation). Soybean yield components and forage straw yield were evaluated. None of the intercropping systems reduced soybean grain yield, compared with monocropped soybean. The oversown species can significantly improve soybean productivity, as is the case for soybean intercropped with P.maximum 'Mombaça', compared with soybean monocropping, followed or not by millet. Panicum maximum 'Mombaça' is the most effective forage species for dry matter accumulation in the fall/spring period.

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Picazevicz, Angelita Aparecida Coutinho, Leonardo dos Santos França Shockness, Arnaldo Libório Santos Filho, Izabel Rodrigues Do Nascimento, Lariana Diniz Maciel, Lucas Rodrigues Da Silva, and Gabriel Elias Gil Costa. "CRESCIMENTO DE PANICUM MAXIMUM CV. BRS ZURI EM RESPOSTA A RIZOBACTÉRIA E NITROGÊNIO." Revista Brasileira de Agropecuária Sustentável 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21206/rbas.v10i.8865.

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Avaliou-se o crescimento de Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri em resposta a Azospirillum brasilense e nitrogênio. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, no delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 2, com 8 repetições, considerando a ausência e a presença de Azospirillum brasilense inoculado nas sementes e nitrogênio (50 kg ha-1) aplicado no solo. Verificou-se interação dupla entre os fatores, sendo que na ausência da adubação nitrogenada, por ocasião da semeadura, Azospirillum brasilense foi eficiente no aumento da altura das plantas. Além disso, a inoculação das sementes com este microrganismo resultou no aumento da massa seca da parte aérea, nitrogênio, potássio, cálcio e magnésio total acumulado na parte aérea Panicum maximum cv. BRS Zuri.

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Barbosa, José Diomedes, Tatiane Teles Albernaz, Gabriela Riet-Correa, Valíria Duarte Cerqueira, Susiane de Oliveira Soares, Karinny Ferreira Campos, Carlos Magno Chaves Oliveira, and Marcos Dutra Duarte. "Queilite angular traumática em eqüinos associada à ingestão de Panicum maximum." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29, no. 5 (May 2009): 428–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2009000500012.

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Uma condição com aumento da fenda bucal de eqüinos por lesão na comissura labial foi estudada. Este aumento tinha extensão variável e era uni ou bilateral. Na mucosa da bochecha da comissura labial exposta havia pequenas erosões. Durante a mastigação havia perda de pequena quantidade de capim e saliva pela fenda bucal aumentada. Os animais apresentavam bom estado nutricional. O exame histopatológico de tecido retirado da comissura labial revelou epidermite superficial. Nas quatro propriedades onde se verificou o problema, constatou-se que os eqüinos eram mantidos em sistema extensivo de criação em pastagem de Panicum maximum (variedades Tanzânia, Mombaça, Tobiatã e Colonião), com folhas maduras, altas, lignificadas e de bordos cortantes. De acordo com os dados epidemiológicos, com os achados clínicos e histopatológicos, concluí-se que essas lesões foram causadas pela ação cortante das folhas de Panicum maximum, associada à forma de apreensão da pastagem alta e mastigação pelos eqüinos.

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Odero, Dennis C., Mathew Duchrow, and Nikol Havranek. "Critical Timing of Fall Panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) Removal in Sugarcane." Weed Technology 30, no. 1 (March 2016): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00091.1.

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Fall panicum is the most troublesome annual grass weed in sugarcane in Florida. The critical timing of fall panicum removal in sugarcane or the maximum amount of early season interference that sugarcane can tolerate before it suffers irrecoverable yield loss is not known. Field studies were conducted from 2012 to 2015 in Belle Glade, FL to determine the critical timing of fall panicum removal and season-long interference in sugarcane. The effect of season-long fall panicum interference and critical timing of removal based on 5 and 10% acceptable yield loss (AYL) levels were determined by fitting a log-logistic equation to percentage millable stalk, cane, and sugar yield loss data. Millable stalks, cane, and sucrose yield decreased as the duration of fall panicum interference increased. Season-long interference of fall panicum resulted in 34 to 60%, 34 to 62%, and 44 to 60% millable stalk, cane, and sucrose yield loss, respectively. The critical timing of fall panicum removal based on 5 and 10% AYL for millable stalks was 5 to 9 wk after sugarcane emergence (WAE). At 5 and 10% AYL, the critical timing of fall panicum removal ranged from 5 to 9 WAE and 6 to 8 WAE for cane and sucrose yield loss, respectively. These results show that fall panicum is competitive with sugarcane early in the season, demonstrating the need for timely early-season control to reduce negative effect on yield.

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Carmo, M. L., S. O. Procopio, F. R. Pires, A. Cargnelutti Filho, A. L. L. Barroso, G. P. Silva, E. L. Carmo, et al. "Seleção de plantas para fitorremediação de solos contaminados com picloram." Planta Daninha 26, no. 2 (June 2008): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582008000200006.

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Uma das primeiras etapas quando se inicia um programa de fitorremediação de herbicidas é a avaliação da tolerância das espécies vegetais selecionadas ao respectivo contaminante. Registrado para uso no Brasil, o picloram apresenta elevada persistência no solo, podendo causar problemas de carryover e de contaminação de águas subterrâneas. Em decorrência disso, objetivou-se com este trabalho selecionar espécies que apresentem tolerância à presença do picloram no solo, para utilização futura em programas de fitorremediação de solos contaminados com este herbicida. O experimento foi realizado no período de outubro a dezembro de 2005, em casa de vegetação em Rio Verde/GO. Os tratamentos foram compostos pela combinação entre 19 espécies vegetais [Brachiaria brizantha (cv. Marandu); Brachiaria brizantha (cv. MG-5 Vitória); Brachiaria brizantha (cv. Mulato); Brachiaria decumbens; Brachiaria humidicola; Brachiaria ruziziensis; Panicum maximum (cv. Massai); Panicum maximum (cv. Mombaça); Panicum maximum (cv. Tanzânia); Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum glaucum - capim-elefante (cv. Paraíso); Eleusine coracana - capim-pé-de-galinha-gigante; Pennisetum glaucum - milheto (cv. ADR-300); Pennisetum glaucum - milheto (cv. ADR-500); Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense - Cover Crop; Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense sorgo (cv. Jumbo); Paspalum atratum - capim-pojuca; Zea mays - milho (híbrido Coodetec 208); Canavalia ensiformis - feijão-de-porco; e Stizolobium aterrimum - mucuna-preta] e de cinco doses do picloram (0, 80, 160, 320 e 640 g ha-1), totalizando 95 tratamentos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 19 x 5, com quatro repetições. As plantas foram cultivadas em solo classificado como Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico; após o preenchimento e umedecimento dos vasos, aplicou-se o picloram. Quinze dias após a aplicação do herbicida foi realizada a semeadura das espécies vegetais. Após a análise dos resultados, constatou-se que as espécies Zea mays - milho (híbrido Coodetec 208), Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense - Cover Crop, Eleusine coracana - capim-pé-de-galinha-gigante, Brachiaria brizantha (cv. MG-5 Vitória), Pennisetum glaucum - milheto (cv. ADR-500), Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Brachiaria humidicola, Pennisetum glaucum - milheto (cv. ADR-300), Brachiaria brizantha (cv. Mulato), Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense - sorgo (cv. Jumbo), Panicum maximum (cv. Tanzânia), Panicum maximum (cv. Mombaça) e Panicum maximum (cv. Massai) apresentaram tolerância à atividade residual do picloram no solo, podendo ser inseridas inicialmente para avaliação em programas de fitorremediação desse herbicida.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Panicum maximum'

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