Journal articles: 'Pap-Test'

1

Ashfaq, Raheela, David Gibbons, Cindi Vela, M. Hossein Saboorian, and Fawzi Iliya. "ThinPrep Pap Test." Acta Cytologica 43, no. 1 (1999): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000330872.

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Hoda, Rana S., and Syed A. Hoda. "The Pap Test." International Journal of Gynecological Pathology 25, no. 3 (July 2006): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.pgp.0000215290.15244.49.

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Carpenter, A. Betts, and Diane D. Davey. "ThinPrep� Pap Test?" Cancer 87, no. 3 (June 25, 1999): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19990625)87:3<105::aid-cncr2>3.0.co;2-z.

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4

Shader, Richard I. "The PAP Test and the Pap Smear." Clinical Therapeutics 37, no. 1 (January 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.12.002.

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Spaar, A. "Pap-Test oder HPV-Test?" Praxis 097, no. 07 (2008): 0397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1661-8157.97.7.397.

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Lithgow, Diana. "Abnormal Pap Test Results." Oncology Nursing Forum 30, no. 3 (January 1, 2003): 375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/03.onf.375-376.

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Roos, Martin. "„Pap“-Test fürs Ovarialkarzinom?" Im Focus Onkologie 16, no. 5 (May 2013): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15015-013-0225-4.

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Young, Nancy A., Shirley E. Greening, Prabodh Gupta, Marluce Bibbo, and Hormoz Ehya. "The Declining Pap Test." Acta Cytologica 52, no. 3 (2008): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000325506.

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Wilbur, David C. "The Annual Pap Test." Acta Cytologica 49, no. 4 (2005): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000326165.

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10

Linder, James, and David Zahniser. "The ThinPrep Pap Test." Acta Cytologica 41, no. 1 (1997): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000332302.

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Bentz, Joel S., Leslie R. Rowe, Evelyn V. Gopez, and C. Jay Marshall. "The Unsatisfactory ThinPrep Pap Test." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 117, no. 3 (March 2002): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1309/xmqp-9ajd-104w-07c8.

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Louise OʼFlynn OʼBrien, Katherine, Anne Elizabeth Nichols, Ashley Ford Haggerty, Karin Karpin, and Jill M. Krapf. "2012 Consensus Pap Test Guidelines." Obstetrics & Gynecology 125 (May 2015): 114S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000463718.26773.ac.

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13

Boggs, Elizabeth W., Judy T. Burgis, and Lisa Beth Spiryda. "Keratinizing Squamous Dysplasia Pap Test." Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 16, no. 1 (January 2012): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/lgt.0b013e31822d3846.

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14

Pantatosakis, E., G. Petrakos, A. Dagli, and P. Panagopoulos. "226 TEST PAP AND MENOPAUSE." Maturitas 71 (March 2012): S80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5122(12)70337-7.

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15

Fiessler, Wolf Dieter. "HPV-Test statt PAP-Screening?" gynäkologie + geburtshilfe 19, no. 5 (August 28, 2014): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15013-014-0509-6.

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16

Ponka, D., and J. Dickinson. "Screening with the Pap test." Canadian Medical Association Journal 186, no. 18 (November 10, 2014): 1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.141199.

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17

Voelker, R. "Stay With Standard Pap Test." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 280, no. 8 (August 26, 1998): 687—c—687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.8.687-c.

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Voelker, Rebecca. "Stay With Standard Pap Test." JAMA 280, no. 8 (August 26, 1998): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.8.687-jqu80005-4-1.

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19

Wilbur, David C. "Fundamentals of Pap Test Cytology." Diagnostic Cytopathology 37, no. 6 (June 2009): 466–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dc.21066.

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20

Burka, Olha, and Tetyana Naritnik. "PAP-test: Possibilities and Limitations." Family medicine. European practices, no. 1 (February 29, 2024): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2786-720x.1.2024.300465.

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Cervical cancer (CC) progresses slowly, and the cytological screening increases the likelihood of early detection of precancerous lesions. Cytology of the cervix is one of the primary methods of effective CC diagnosis, which, thanks to early detection and timely treatment, leads to a stable decrease in morbidity and mortality from invasive CC. The results of many studies have shown that the specificity of the conventional Pap smear test is approximately 80–100%, its sensitivity ranges from 30% to 80%, and the rate of inadequacy of this method is from 5% to 25%. With traditional smear preparation, only a small percentage of collected cells end up on the slide, while abnormal cells may be discarded and not analyzed. When viewing the slide, cells that have dried and clumped together may interfere with the visualization of atypical cells. To overcome these limitations, in 1996, as an alternative to the traditional Pap test, liquid cytology was presented – the technology of preparing slides on which the cells are placed in a single layer. This technology outperformed the conventional Pap test with improved fixation, reduced obscuring factors, and standardized cell transfer. In liquid cytology samples are collected by fully immersing the cytobrush in a vial containing a preservative liquid, whereby the cells are preserved and fixed simultaneously, unlike conventional smears where the sample is applied to a glass slide and fixed separately. Today, two main methods of preparation based on liquid cytology are known: ThinPrep and SurePath. The results of cytology are described according to the Bethesda system. The Bethesda classification is widely accepted because it corresponds to the clinical presentation, reproduces the nature of the lesions, and is therefore treatmentoriented with a desirable follow-up procedure. The indisputable advantage of the Pap test by liquid cytology is the ability to perform both cytological and molecular studies, in particular HPV, in one sample. This capability facilitated the implementation of a two-step strategy when HPV testing is used as a triage test for ASC-US or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cytology, or when cytology is used to triage HPV-positive women.

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21

Morrell, Stephen, Richard Taylor, and Gerard Wain. "A study of Pap test history and histologically determined cervical cancer in NSW women, 1997–2003." Journal of Medical Screening 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2005): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/096914105775220769.

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Objectives: To determine the risk of a histological diagnosis of cervical cancer following a given Pap test result and for a given history of Pap test results in a screened population across the full spectrum of possible cytological results. Methods: All the Pap screening results held on the New South Wales Pap Test Register for 1997–2003 (five million tests for 1.87 million women) were analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate the odds of having a histologically determined cervical cancer for a given Pap test result and test result history. The hazard ratios of having cervical cancer in relation to Pap test result histories were estimated: (i) in regard only to the last Pap test result adjusting for age, frequency of Pap testing and proportion of high grade (≥cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 [CIN2]) abnormalities found in a woman's total recorded test result history; and (ii) with regard to the last Pap test result against the highest grade of cytological abnormality found prior to the last Pap test result. The hazard ratios are for a cancer diagnosis occurring before the next Pap test and were adjusted for age, quintile of socioeconomic status of residence, frequency of past Pap testing and proportion of high-grade abnormalities detected in each woman's prior Pap test history. The adjusted hazard ratios were then applied to the tabulated proportions of referent women with negative cytology in each broad age group, and for all women, to estimate the ′1 in n′ odds of being diagnosed histologically with cervical cancer for a given last Pap test result, and by a given last Pap test result for various prior Pap test result histories. Results: After adjusting for age, socioeconomic status, frequency of previous Pap testing and proportion of past high-grade screen-detected abnormalities, the adjusted hazard ratio of having a subsequent cervical cancer diagnosis for women with a negative Pap test result was 1 in 5546, compared with 1 in 833 for a low-grade epithelial abnormality (atypia, CIN1), 1 in 56 for a high-grade epithelial abnormality and 1 in seven for a cytological prediction of cervical cancer. These odds estimates were significantly modified by age and by the highest Pap test result prior to the most recent Pap test result: the higher the age and, less consistently, the higher the previous highest Pap test result for a given last Pap test result, the shorter the odds of having a subsequent histological diagnosis of cervical cancer. Conclusions: The results presented here will enable clinicians to inform their patients of their chances of being diagnosed with cervical cancer for a given Pap test result, and for some combinations of the last Pap test result and highest recorded prior Pap test result.

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22

Raab, Stephen S., Bruce A. Jones, Rhona Souers, and Joseph A. Tworek. "The Effect of Continuous Monitoring of Cytologic-Histologic Correlation Data on Cervical Cancer Screening Performance." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2008-132-16-teocmo.

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Abstract Context.—The use of Papanicolaou (Pap) test cytologic-histologic correlation in quality improvement activities is not well studied. Objective.—To determine if continuous monitoring of correlation data improves performance. Design.—Participants in the College of American Pathologists Q-Tracks program (213 laboratories) self-reported the number of Pap test–histologic biopsy correlation discrepancies every quarter for up to 8 years. A mixed linear model determined if the length of participation in the Q-Tracks program was associated with improved performance. Main outcome measures were predictive value of a positive Pap test, Pap test sensitivity, sampling sensitivity, and proportion of positive histologic diagnoses following a Pap test diagnosis of atypical squamous cells or atypical glandular cells. Results.—Institutions evaluated 287 570 paired Pap test– histologic correlation specimens and found 98 424 (34.2%) true-positive Pap test correlations, 19 006 (6.6%) false-positive Pap test correlations, and 6575 (2.3%) false-negative Pap test correlations. The mean predictive value of a positive Pap test, sensitivity, screening and interpretive sensitivity, sampling sensitivity, and proportion of positive histologic diagnoses following a Pap test diagnosis of atypical squamous or glandular cells were 83.6%, 93.7%, 99.2%, 94.2%, 60.3%, and 38.8%, respectively. Longer participation was significantly associated with a higher predictive value of a positive Pap test (P = .01), higher Pap test sensitivity (P = .002), higher Pap test sampling sensitivity (P = .03), and higher proportion of positive histologic diagnoses for a Pap test diagnosis of atypical squamous cells (P < .001). Conclusions.—Long-term monitoring of cytologic-histologic correlation is associated with improvement in cytologic-histologic correlation performance.

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23

Lee, Hee, Qingyi Li, Yan Luo, Kun Wang, Sara Hendrix, Jongwook Lee, Sangchul Yoon, and Quoc Huy Nguyen Vu. "Is Pap Test Awareness Critical to Pap Test Uptake in Women Living in Rural Vietnam?" Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 22, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 903–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.3.903.

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24

L. D. "Le test HPV pour supplanter le Pap test." Bio Tribune Magazine 26, no. 1 (February 2008): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03010423.

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25

Ranabhat, S., G. Dhungana, M. Neupane, R. Shrestha, and M. Tiwari. "Pap smear coverage and effect of knowledge and attitude regarding cervical cancer on utilization of the test by women in Udayapur district of Nepal." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 4, no. 4 (January 28, 2015): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i4.11969.

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Background: Cervical cancer prevention, the most common cancer in women in Nepal, is almost nonexistent because of very low pap smear coverage. Material and methods: This study was done to find out pap smear coverage, to assess women’s knowledge about cervical cancer and cervical pap smear, to assess women’s attitude towards cervical pap smear, and to find out association of demographic variables, attitude of women towards pap smear test, and knowledge of cervical cancer and cervical pap smear test with its practice. It was a cross sectional analytical observational study which was carried out in a one-day free health camp organized in Udayapur district of Nepal jointly by Chitwan Medical College and Satya Sai Organization on January 5 of 2013. Participants were interviewed with the help of structured questionnaire. Fisher’s exact test was done to detect association of the variables with pap smear practice. Results: Fisher’s exact test showed that knowledge about pap smear test and attitude towards the test were the only variables which significantly influenced pap smear utilization (p= 0.04). Pap smear utilization was not associated with age-at-marriage, age-at-menarche, parity and age-at-first-childbirth. Conclusion: Pap smear coverage was found to be 7.8% (at 95% CI was 0.02-0.13) which is lower than the average for developing countries. This study has shown that knowledge about pap smear test and attitude towards the test significantly influence pap smear utilization. Therefore, work should be done towards that end to increase pap smear coverage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i4.11969

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26

Nayar, Ritu, and David C. Wilbur. "The Pap Test and Bethesda 2014." Acta Cytologica 59, no. 2 (2015): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000381842.

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The history of ‘The Bethesda System' for reporting cervical cytology goes back almost 3 decades. This terminology and the process that created it have had a profound impact on the practice of cervical cytology for laboratorians and clinicians alike. The Bethesda conferences and their ensuing output have also set the stage for standardization of terminology across multiple organ systems, including both cytology and histology, have initiated significant research in the biology and cost-effective management for human papillomavirus-associated anogenital lesions, and, finally, have fostered worldwide unification of clinical management for these lesions. Herein, we summarize the process and rationale by which updates were made to the terminology in 2014 and outline the contents of the new, third edition of the Bethesda atlas and corresponding website.

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OʼFlynn OʼBrien, Katherine, Anne Flynn, Danielle Burkland, Karin Karpin, Jill Krapf, and Ashley Haggerty. "The 2012 Consensus Pap Test Guidelines." Obstetrics & Gynecology 129 (May 2017): 109S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000514999.71467.c7.

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Wiwanitkit, Viroj. "Low-Cost Liquid-Based Pap Test." Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 19, no. 1 (January 2015): e23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/lgt.0000000000000022.

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Nayar, Ritu, and David C. Wilbur. "The Pap Test and Bethesda 2014." Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease 19, no. 3 (July 2015): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/lgt.0000000000000115.

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30

Manus, Jean-Marie. "Pour un renouveau du Pap Test." Revue Française des Laboratoires 1999, no. 314 (June 1999): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0338-9898(99)80164-4.

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31

Bristow, Robert E., and F. J. Montz. "Workup of the abnormal pap test." Clinical Cornerstone 3, no. 1 (January 2000): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3597(00)90018-8.

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32

Fahey, Michael T., Les Irwig, and Petra Macaskill. "Meta-analysis of Pap Test Accuracy." American Journal of Epidemiology 141, no. 7 (April 1, 1995): 680–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117485.

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Nayar, Ritu, and David C. Wilbur. "The Pap Test and Bethesda 2014." Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology 4, no. 3 (May 2015): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasc.2015.03.003.

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Nayar, Ritu, and David C. Wilbur. "The Pap test and Bethesda 2014." Cancer Cytopathology 123, no. 5 (May 2015): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncy.21521.

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Niyodusenga, Alphonse, Emile Musoni, and Sarah Niyonsaba. "Comparative study of Pap smear test and VIA test in cervical carcinoma screening among women aged over 20 years." Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 3, no. 1 (April 14, 2020): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjmhs.v3i1.4.

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Objective To compare the performance of VIA and Pap smear tests as screening tools in cervical carcinoma detection in women. Methods The prospective and retrospective study was conducted on 198 women. Cervical smears were collected with Ayres’s spatula. Acetic acid was used and the results were categorized as VIA positive and VIA negative. The Pap smear was reported according to the Bethesda system 2001. Cervical biopsy was done for all the cases. Results VIA was positive in 47.47% of the cases and Pap smear was positive in 39.89% of the cases. Among 198 cases, 61 (30, 8%) cases had cervical carcinoma. When we compared VIA and Pap smear tests, 94 cases were positive to VIA, and 61cases were confirmed positive with Pap smear. The sensitivity and specificity for VIA were 88.5% and 84.68%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for Pap smear were 80.45% and 91.89%, respectively. The sensitivity of VIA was higher than that of Pap smear. However, the specificity of VIA was low as compared to Pap smear. Conclusion VIA is a cost effective test and could be alternatively used with Pap smear in screening of cervical carcinoma but the Papanicolaou test is the most effective test for early detection of cervical carcinoma. Keywords: Pap smear test; VIA test; cervical carcinoma; women

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Petrić, Aleksandra, Vekoslav Lilić, Radomir Živadinović, Predrag Vukomanović, Olivera Dunjić, Radmila Ignjatović, and Goran Lilić. "The value of Pap test in women with endometrial cancer." Journal of Health Sciences 1, no. 3 (December 15, 2011): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17532/jhsci.2011.125.

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Introduction: Endometrial cancer is the second most common gynecological tumor. There is still no recommended screening method for endometrial cancer. The application of transvaginal sonography, hysteroscopy and Pap test may prove useful in screening for this disease. Atypical glandular cells represent an important finding in Pap tests and they are related to histopathological verification of the endometrium. The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of the Pap test in assessing the cervical infiltration, as well as to determine the significance of hormonal status and histopathological type of tumor in a pathological Pap test in patients with endometrial cancer.Methods: The study was retrospective. The analysis included the data obtained from 62 operated patients diagnosed with enometrial cancer, medical history (menopausal status), histopathological findings after surgery (type and stage of the disease) and a preoperative Pap smear. The chi squared and Fisher’s test were used.Results: The difference in the prevalence of pathological Pap test in premenopausal and postmenopausal group of patients was not statistically significant. The difference in the prevalence of pathological Pap test in the group of endometrioid and non-endometrioid tumours of the uterine corpus had statistical significance. The difference in the prevalence of pathological Pap test compared to the present stage (I and II) was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Pap smear does not correlate with menopausal status in women with endometrial carcinoma. Abnormal Pap test is more commonly found in cases of non-endometroid tumours. Pap smears cannot beused to assess cervical involvement.

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ROLLINS, JANE NEFF. "Sample Self-Collection for HPV Test Promotes Pap Test." Internal Medicine News 39, no. 12 (June 2006): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(06)73711-8.

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Prima, Angga Trifianda, and Andi Friadi. "Gambaran Hasil HPV Test dengan PAP Test pada Pasien dengan Lesi Prakanker Serviks di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang." JOURNAL OBGIN EMAS 2, no. 2 (November 28, 2019): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aoj.2.2.83-86.2018.

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Objective: To determine the description of the HPV Test results with the PAP Test in patients with cervical precancerous lesions at Dr. M. Djamil Padang.Methods: This study used a descriptive method with a sample of all patients with cervical precancerous lesions who had the HPV test and PAP test results in Dr. M. Djamil Padang from January 1, 2015 - December 31, 2017. Data were taken from the patient's medical records, including diagnosis, PAP test results using the Hybrid Capture (HC) method, and HPV test. Results: During the study period, 80 patients had PAP test results leading to precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. Of the 80 patients, only 4 cases with positive HPV test results. Conclusion: In this study, there were many cervical precancerous lesions with negative HPV test results.Keywords: Cervical precancerous lesions, PAP test, the HPV test

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Hawkins, Nikki A., Crystale Purvis Cooper, Mona Saraiya, Cynthia A. Gelb, and Lindsey Polonec. "Why the Pap Test? Awareness and Use of the Pap Test Among Women in the United States." Journal of Women's Health 20, no. 4 (April 2011): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jwh.2011.2730.

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Thapa, Meena. "Cervical Cancer Awareness and Practice of Pap Smear Test Among Women with Gynecological Problems." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 56, no. 211 (June 30, 2018): 654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.3633.

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Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women in Nepal. Pap smear test is the most important screening test for cervical cancer, which helps in reducing mortality from it. This study is to assess the knowledge of cancer cervix and practice of Pap smear test and to analyze the impact of educational status on them. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out among the married women who attended the Out Patient Department for gynecological problems at Kathmandu Medical College. Structured questionnaires were used to collect the data. The questionnaire consisted of three sections which included the demographic profile in first part , second part included assessment of the knowledge of cancer cervix, and third part included evaluation of the utilization of Pap smear test. Results: A total of 205 married women were included in the study. Out of them, 74% were aware of cancer cervix. Only 39% of women were aware of Pap smear test. Pap smear test coverage was 16.6% in studied population. Main reason of not doing Pap smear test was lack of knowledge of the test. High educational status of the women had significant positive impact on knowledge of cancer cervix and practice of Pap smear test. Conclusions: The knowledge of cancer cervix was good in our women, but knowledge and the practice of Pap smear test was poor. Good educational status of the women was found to influence the on knowledge of cancer cervix and uptake of Pap smear test.

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Suantika, Putu Inge Ruth, Yanti Hermayanti, and Titis Kurniawan. "Pap Test Practice and Barriers of Nurses in Bandung, West Java." Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia 23, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/jki.v23i1.843.

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The lack of interest from the public and health workers, such as nurses to carry out a pap test, is one of the triggers of cervical cancer cases. The purpose of this study was to identify the implementation of pap tests and barriers of nurses in Bandung, West Java. This study used a cross-sectional descriptive study design with a sample of 286 married nurses. Data collection was conducted during two months. The analysis was conducted by the Fisher exact test or chi-square test. The results showed that the level of education and religion had a significant relationship with the pap test behavior (p= 0,000; p= 0.031). The most perceived barrier was that respondents felt uncomfortable with the male examiners. So it was recommended to provide female examiners in the ob-gyn section in the hospitals and to improve the nurses' perceptions with pap test. Keywords: barrier, nurse, pap smear, practice Abstrak Perilaku dan hambatan pap smear pada perawat di Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat. Fenomena yang terjadi pada kasus kanker serviks adalah minimnya minat dari masyarakat bahkan petugas kesehatan seperti perawat untuk melakukan pap smear sebagai bentuk pencegahan kanker serviks. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pelaksanaan pap smear serta hambatannya pada perawat di Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi deskriptif cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel 286 perawat yang sudah menikah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada Februari hingga Maret 2018. Analisis menggunakan fisher exact test atau chi-square test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan dan agama memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan perilaku pap smear (p= 0.000; p= 0.0301). Hambatan yang paling dirasakan adalah responden merasa kurang nyaman dengan pemeriksa laki-laki sehingga direkomendasikan untuk penyediaan pemeriksa perempuan pada bagian obgyn di rumah sakit serta memperbaiki persepsi perawat yang salah terhadap pap smear. Kata Kunci: hambatan, pap smear, perawat, perilaku

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42

Gharoro, E. P., and E. N. Ikeanyi. "An appraisal of the level of awareness and utilization of the Pap smear as a cervical cancer screening test among female health workers in a tertiary health institution." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 16, no. 3 (2006): 1063–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200605000-00018.

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Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test is considered the best approach to reduce cervical cancer incidence worldwide. We surveyed 195 female health workers with structured questionnaires to identify factors that could influence the awareness and utilization of the Pap smear as a cervical cancer screening test. More than 65% of the respondents were aware of the disease, cervical cancer, and approximately 64% were aware of the Pap smear test. Seven three (39.7%) of the respondents had their sexual debut (coitarche) before the age of 20 years, while 109 (59.9%) have had multiple sexual partners. The modal number of sexual partners was 3, range 0–8. Pap smear awareness level significantly varied among the categories of the female health workers (P < 0.001). A minority of 14.1% have had a Pap test. There was a significant variation in utilization of Pap test across the various categories of the health workers (Pearson Chi-square 14.67, P < 0.05), and a significant correlation between Pap smear awareness and utilization (P < 0.001). The majority, 89%, believed that they were not at risk of developing cervical cancer. The self-reported utilization of Pap test among health workers was low. While there was a positive correlation between Pap test awareness and utilization, screening uptake was very poor due to a combination of inappropriate beliefs, misapprehension, and deficient knowledge. There is an urgent need for an aggressive awareness campaign and the provision of a screening program nationally.

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Seo, Yun Am, and Young A. Kim. "Factors associated with Pap test screening among South Korean women aged 20 to 39 years." Medicine 102, no. 30 (July 28, 2023): e34539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000034539.

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The number of hospital visits with cervical cancer as the chief complaint among South Korean women aged 20 to 39 has increased by 1.2 times between 2016 and 2020, indicating a need for active screening for the disease. This study aimed to investigate the status of the Papanicolaou (Pap) test and identify factors influencing Pap test experience among South Korean women aged 20 to 39 years. An online questionnaire survey was conducted over 5 days starting from November 19, 2021. A total of 338 participants who were randomly sampled by age completed the survey. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t test, χ 2 test, and logistic regression. The mean age of the participants was 29.9 years, and participants with and without Pap test experience accounted for 60.7% and 39.3% of the total, respectively. There were significant differences in age, marital status, employment status, smoking status, experience of coitus, awareness of the National Cancer Screening Program, and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination status according to the Pap test experience (P < .05) of the participants. Pap test attitude, Pap test self-efficacy, cervical cancer knowledge, HPV knowledge, and cancer prevention behavior scores were significantly higher in the Pap test experience group than in the no Pap test experience group (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that experience of coitus (odds ratio [OR] = 10.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.54–24.11), marital status (OR = 5.96, 95% CI: 2.25–15.77), awareness of the National Cancer Screening Program (OR = 4.39, 95% CI: 1.66–11.58), HPV vaccination (OR = 2.62, 95% CI: 1.35–5.09), employment status (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.08–4.59), and self-efficacy (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01–1.19) were the influencing factors in the Pap test experience group. To improve the Pap test screening rate among South Korean women aged 20 to 39, reinforcement strategies and intervention programs that involve age-specific approaches must be established.

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Awoyesuku, Peter A., Basil O. Altraide, and Dagogo A. Mac Pepple. "Determinants of cervical cancer screening via Pap smear among female staff in a tertiary hospital in Niger-Delta of Nigeria." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 11 (October 23, 2019): 4285. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20194844.

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Background: Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of death among women in the developing world, with poor prognosis attributed to lack of awareness about the disease and its prevention. Hospital workers’ attitude and practice to such an issue might positively or negatively influence people they come into contact with. This study is to assess the determinants of cervical cancer screening via Pap smear among Female Staff in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between September and November 2015. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 265 female hospital workers on socio-demographic characteristics (age, parity, educational level and occupational category) and awareness and utilization of Pap smear test. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.Results: Of the 265 respondents, only 40 (15.1%) had Pap smear test done at least once previously. Bivariate analysis of socio-demographic factors and Pap smear test uptake among the respondents was statistically significant for younger maternal age ≤35 years, not being married, higher educational level, professional occupation category and awareness of Pap smear. However, only maternal age, marital status and awareness of Pap smear remain statistically significant after multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Uptake of Pap smear test as a screening test for cervical cancer is low among female hospital workers. Identified determinants of cervical cancer screening via Pap smear test were younger age ≤35 years, not being married, higher educational level, professional occupational category and awareness of Pap smear.

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Rezende, Mariana T., Andrea G. C. Bianchi, and Cláudia M. Carneiro. "Cervical cancer: Automation of Pap test screening." Diagnostic Cytopathology 49, no. 4 (February 6, 2021): 559–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dc.24708.

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Gurley, A. Marion, Jennifer M. Roberts, Julia K. Thurloe, Ronald Bowditch, Jacoline G. O'Callaghan, and Colin R. Laverty. "Increasing the accuracy of the Pap test." Medical Journal of Australia 167, no. 9 (November 1997): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb126691.x.

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Markovic, Olivera, Nenad Markovic, and Mario Belledonne. "Cervical Acid Phosphatase-Papanicolaou (CAP-PAP) Test." Journal of Histotechnology 22, no. 1 (March 1999): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/his.1999.22.1.43.

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Sawin, Clark T. "George N. Papanicolaou and the “Pap” Test." Endocrinologist 12, no. 4 (July 2002): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019616-200207000-00001.

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Solomon, D. "Stat Bite: Pap Test Abnormalities by Diagnosis." JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute 89, no. 7 (April 2, 1997): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/89.7.475.

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Sher, Paul Phillip. "Defending the Pap Test and the Laboratory." Laboratory Medicine 28, no. 7 (July 1, 1997): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/28.7.418.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pap-Test'

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