Relevant bibliographies by topics / Papanicolaou and Early detection / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Papanicolaou and Early detection.

Journal articles on the topic 'Papanicolaou and Early detection'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Papanicolaou and Early detection.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

Lee, Yong-Moon, Boreom Lee, Nam-Hoon Cho, and Jae Hyun Park. "Beyond the Microscope: A Technological Overture for Cervical Cancer Detection." Diagnostics 13, no. 19 (2023): 3079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13193079.

Full text

Abstract:

Cervical cancer is a common and preventable disease that poses a significant threat to women’s health and well-being. It is the fourth most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, with approximately 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths in 2020, according to the World Health Organization. Early detection and diagnosis of cervical cancer are crucial for reducing mortality and morbidity rates. The Papanicolaou smear test is a widely used screening method that involves the examination of cervical cells under a microscope to identify any abnormalities. However, this method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, subjective, and prone to human errors. Artificial intelligence techniques have emerged as a promising alternative to improve the accuracy and efficiency of Papanicolaou smear diagnosis. Artificial intelligence techniques can automatically analyze Papanicolaou smear images and classify them into normal or abnormal categories, as well as detect the severity and type of lesions. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent advances in artificial intelligence diagnostics of the Papanicolaou smear, focusing on the methods, datasets, performance metrics, and challenges. The paper also discusses the potential applications and future directions of artificial intelligence diagnostics of the Papanicolaou smear.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sedano Chiroque, Franshesca Leonor. "Detección temprana: ¿El Papanicolaou es siempre la mejor opción?" Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana 20, no. 2 (2020): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v20i2.2903.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Jovanović, Vesna, Vanja Pažun, Vesna Maksimović, and Vesna Vuković. "The assessment of the influence of women's attitudes about screening benefits and motivational factors on their participation in the Papanicolau screening test." Zdravstvena zastita 50, no. 3 (2021): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zdravzast50-33910.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: In Serbia, cervical cancer (CC) is the second most common cancer, after breast cancer, The Papanicolaou test is used for the early detection of cervical cancer. Motivational factors and attitudes of women about the benefits of the Papanicolaou screening test can affect the rate of participation in it. The aim of the research was to examine whether there is a connection between women's attitudes about the benefits of screening and motivational factors and their participation in the Papanicolaou screening test of CC. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 300 women aged 25 to 64, who came for a gynecological examination to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic "Narodni Front" in Belgrade, in the period from June to December 2015. Data were collected from all respondents on their demographic characteristics, reason for coming to the clinic, how often they underwent screening (Papanicolaou test), as well as data on their attitudes about the benefits of screening and motivation for undergoing the Papanicolaou screening test using a part of the questionnaire called CPC -28 questionnaire (in Spanish Creencias, Papanicolaou, Cancer - 28). Results: Of the 300 women who participated in the study, 37.3% of women regularly participated in the Papanicolaou test, 43.7% irregularly, and 19.0% never. Women who participated regularly in screening were significantly more likely to believe that it was important to have a regular Pap test to know they were healthy (F = 13.59; p ˂ 0.001) and that the Pap test was the best way to determine early-stage CC (F = 12.29; p ˂ 0.001) compared to women who were irregular and who had never participated in screening. Women who participated irregularly or who had never participated in the screening program would be motivated to participate in it significantly more often if someone developed CC in their family or environment (F = 5.11; p = 0.007), while women who regularly participated would be motivated significantly more often by gynecologist's recommendations (F = 5.58; p = 0.004) and care for their own health (F = 6.93; p = 0.001). The high level of motivation was significantly related to the decision of women to regularly participate in screening (ch² = 13.05; p = 0.001) in relation to women who were irregular or who had never participated in screening. Conclusion: Within this research, it was noticed that only every third respondent regularly underwent the Papanicolaou screening test, which is far lower than the set national goals that at least 75% of the target population of women aged 21 to 69 should be covered by organized screening. It is necessary to raise women's awareness about the importance of Papanicolaou screening for early detection of CC, as well as about all other preventive measures, and especially about the importance of the HPV vaccine.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zapata, Francisca Velasco, Armando Miranda de la Cruz, Lorena Magaña-Olán, Janett Marina García Hernández, and Jairo David Contrera Madrigal. "Factores Socioculturales Que Interfieren En La Realización Del Papanicolaou En Mujeres Indígenas Mexicanas." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 6 (2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n6p69.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: Papanicolaou test was introduced in 1943 by the Dr. George Papanicolaou as an examination of early detection for the Cancer Cérvico Uterino (CACU), it is the most frequent test of detection in women who do not have symptoms. It is the most common second type of cancer in women, of the different types of cancer that they affect the women in reproductive present age in developing countries, rural populations and indigenous zones. I target: to identify the sociocultural factors that they interfere in the accomplishment of the Papanicolaou in wives of a community indigenous to Saint Thomas of Tenosique municipality of Pino Suárez, Tabasco. Methodology: Quantitative descriptive, market investigation across the sampling not probabilistic for incidental convenience with one n = 23 women with ages between 25 and 35 alive years sexual activates. Results: Results: it predominated over the item of age between 29 and 35 years; the level of education that prevails is the primary one, for the marital status the majority is in free union and up to the moment it has had 2 sexual pairs in his life; the beginning of sexual active life that prevails is 16 to 20 years, and the Papanicolaou has never been realized by motives of lack of interest, by the influence of the pair and for not knowing the purpose of there being realized the procedure of periodic form. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the women have an indifferent attitude towards Papanicolaou capture; since 83.3% of the women presents this attitude, of equal way 70.8 % agrees very in that there is important the opinion of his pair the test to take.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Anjili, Kumari, Nazaneen Syed, and Pandey Vinita. "Detection of Cervical Cancer through Cytological Patterns in Papanicolaou Smears." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 5 (2024): 2774–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13822323.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: A serious health concern is cervical cancer, especially in low- and middle-income nations where access to screening and HPV immunisation is restricted. Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening is a vital tool for the early detection of cervical abnormalities, allowing for timely intervention and reduction in cancer-related mortality. Despite its effectiveness, inconsistencies in screening uptake and accessibility continue to pose significant challenges. Aim: This study aimed to explore the cytological patterns of Pap smears and assess the prevalence of cervical abnormalities among women attending a tertiary care hospital in Patna, India. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. A total of 79 women aged 21 years and above were included based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pap smears were collected, processed, and analyzed using the Bethesda system. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0, employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to assess associations between demographic variables and cytological findings. Results: Of the 79 participants, 58.2% had normal cytological findings (NILM), while 41.8% exhibited varying degrees of cervical abnormalities, including ASC-US (12.7%), LSIL (10.1%), HSIL (8.9%), ASC-H (6.3%), and SCC (3.8%). The prevalence of high-grade lesions increased significantly with age, particularly in women over 40 years. A statistically significant association was found between age and the presence of cervical abnormalities (p = 0.015). Conclusion: The study highlights a high prevalence of cervical abnormalities among women attending routine gynecological services, emphasizing the need for regular Pap smear screening, especially in older age groups. Early detection through screening can significantly reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Recommendations: Efforts should be made to increase awareness and accessibility of Pap smear screening, particularly in low-resource settings. Integration of HPV DNA testing with traditional cytology could enhance screening sensitivity. Public health initiatives should focus on targeted education and community-based screening programs to improve uptake.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Srilatha, B., Q. Huang, M. S. Hafidza, and N. K. Asarpota. "A Descriptive Review of the Community-Based Cervical Cancer Screening Programme at the Singapore Cancer Society." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 52s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.37600.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth common malignancy in women worldwide and clinical Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test is a relatively inexpensive yet efficacious screening method for the detection of precancerous or cancerous lesions. Aim: Herein, we sought to quantify the incidence and prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology in asymptomatic women who underwent routine Papanicolaou test screening at the community-based clinical setting of our Singapore Cancer Society's Multi-Service Centre. Methods: This retrospective study reviewed a total of 15,195 reports of cervical Pap smears performed from January 2015 to December 2017 to delineate epithelial abnormalities. Additionally, a descriptive cross-sectional analysis was carried out on the corroborative demographic and clinical data retrieved from the relevant case notes. Results: The mean age of women recruited for screening in this period was 49.0 ± 11.1 years. A total of 623 (4.1%) were identified with abnormal Papanicolaou test results viz., i. atypical squamous/glandular cells of undetermined significance (n=592; 3.9%), ii. low/high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (n=28; 0.18%) and iii. high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, suspicious of squamous cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma (n=3; 0.02%). Clinical history in the latter two cohorts (n=31; 0.2%) revealed first sexual encounter at age ≤ 20 years (54.8%), ≥ 2 sexual partners (38.7%) or abnormal vaginal discharge (29.0%). An 80.6% and 6.5% had undergone Papanicolaou test or HPV - human papillomavirus - vaccination in the past. History of smoking, long-term contraceptive use and treatment of STI(s) were reported by 22.6%, 3.2% and 6.5% respectively. Conclusion: Cervical cancer originates in the transformation zone of the uterine cervix and screening for abnormal cytology is the cornerstone in early detection. The low percentage of epithelial cell abnormality identified in this large population sampling over three years confirms that routine Papanicolaou test testing would suffice as a cost-effective screening approach to detect precancerous cervical lesions. Where imperative, necessary follow-up on unsatisfactory Papanicolaou test result(s), HPV genotyping and/or due referral procedures would significantly aid in reducing the cervical cancer burden for women in the susceptible age range.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Jeronimo, Jose, Pooja Bansil, Jeanette Lim, et al. "ATL." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 24, no. 3 (2014): 576–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000084.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectiveThis study evaluates the feasibility and performance of careHPV, a novel human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test, when used for screening women for cervical cancer in low-resource settings.Methods and MaterialsClinician-collected (cervical) and self-collected (vaginal) careHPV specimens, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), and Papanicolaou test were evaluated among 16,951 eligible women in India, Nicaragua, and Uganda. Women with positive screening results received colposcopy and histologic follow-up as indicated. The positivity of each screening method was calculated overall, by site, and age. In addition, the clinical performance of each screening test was determined for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 (CIN2+) and CIN grade 3.ResultsModerate or severe dysplasia or cancer (taken together as CIN2+) was diagnosed in 286 women. The positivity rate ranged between 2.4% to 19.6% for vaginal careHPV, 2.9% to 20.2% for cervical careHPV, 5.5% to 34.4% for VIA, and 2.8% to 51.8% for Papanicolaou test. Cervical careHPV was the most sensitive for CIN2+ (81.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 76.5–85.8) and CIN grade 3 (85.3%; 95% CI, 78.6–90.6) at all sites, followed by vaginal careHPV (69.6% and 71.3%, respectively). The sensitivity of VIA ranged from 21.9% to 73.6% and Papanicolaou test from 40.7% to 73.7%. The pooled specificities of cervical careHPV, vaginal careHPV, VIA, and Papanicolaou test were 91.6%, 90.6%, 84.2%, and 87.7%, respectively.ConclusionscareHPV performed well in large multicountry demonstration studies conducted in resource-limited settings that have not previously been conducted this type of testing; its sensitivity using cervical samples or vaginal self-collected samples was better than VIA or Papanicolaou test. The feasibility of using careHPV in self-collected vaginal samples opens the possibility of increasing coverage and early detection in resource-constrained areas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sánchez-Hernández JA, Castillo-Flores D, Vega-Benítez M, Luna-Ricaño CJ, Juárez-Pérez LC, and Rivera A. "Cervicovaginal detection of microorganisms in patients with type 2 diabetes." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 14, no. 2 (2023): 072–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2023.14.2.0031.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of the present investigation was to report the presence of cervicovaginal microorganisms most frequently found in cervicovaginal exfoliative smears (Papanicolaou) of patients with type 2 diabetes. Cervical-vaginal exfoliative cytologist was performed on an open population to all patients who attended from March 2010 to March 2020 in the within the framework of the early cancer detection program, gynecological interrogations were applied to 1587 patients who, after taking cell samples, were processed using the Papanicolaou staining technique modified by the same for subsequent microscopic diagnosis. Of the results obtained from the 1587 patients studied, 148 (9.32%) suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus and of these only 130 (87.83%) showed at least one microorganism under microscopic observation, being Candida spp., the most found microorganism in samples from patients with type 2 diabetes. In conclusions, type 2 diabetes is a disease that predisposes to the appearance of microorganisms and cervicovaginal infections, particularly by Candida spp., therefore, there is a need for surveillance guidelines and efforts to reverse this disease and its complications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sánchez-Hernández, JA, D. Castillo-Flores, M. Vega-Benítez, CJ Luna-Ricaño, LC Juárez-Pérez, and A. Rivera. "Cervicovaginal detection of microorganisms in patients with type 2 diabetes." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 14, no. 2 (2023): 072–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7928134.

Full text

Abstract:

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mashuri, Mashuri. "EARLY DETECTION OF CERVICAL CANCER WITH PAP SMEAR EXAMINATION WOMEN TOBACCO FARMERS IN WULUHAN DISTRICT OF JEMBER REGENCY." Jurnal Penelitian Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia 1, no. 2 (2022): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jpsti.v1i2.171.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of cervical precancerous lesions by conducting early detection of cervical cancer using Pap smear examination on tobacco farming women in Wuluhan District, Jember Regency. The design of this research is descriptive exploratory through the method of observational approach and using purposive sampling when selecting samples and found there are 52 respondents. The instrument of this study used an observation sheet for cervical cytology specimen examination with Papanicolaou staining and classification of cytological examination results based on the Papanicolaou classification and the Bethesda system, and the data were analyzed using the univariate test. The results of the analysis of Pap smears showed that 20 people had non-specific chronic inflammation, namely 38.4%, 14 people non-specific acute inflammation, namely 26.9%, Candida albicans fungal infection five people, namely 9.6%, Normal smear five people, namely 9.6%, Atrophic smear four people, namely 7.6%, Atrophic smear with non-specific acute inflammation two people, namely 3.8%, Atrophic smear with chronic non-specific inflammation one person,i.e., 1.9% Bacterial infection actinomyces sp one person that is 1.9% and based on the Papanicolaou classification and the Bethesda system, there were 47 people, namely 90.4% belonging to Papaniculaou class I (same as standard in the Bethesda system classification), four people, namely 7.6% in the Class II category (same as NILM in the Bethesda system classification) and there is one person, namely 1.9% in the class III category (same as LSIL in the Bethesda classification system) It has been recommended that women tobacco farmers who have a high risk of cervical cancer always pay attention to their reproductive health by carrying out regular Pap smear examinations for early detection to prevent and overcome cervical cancer as early as possible.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Chen, Changxian, Zhijun Yang, Zhuang Li, and Li Li. "Accuracy of Several Cervical Screening Strategies for Early Detection of Cervical Cancer: A Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 22, no. 6 (2012): 908–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0b013e318256e5e4.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to assess the accuracy of 6 common cervical screening strategies, including visual inspection with acetic acid, with a magnifying device, or with Lugol iodine (VILI), human papillomavirus testing with Hybrid Capture 2 assay, conventional Papanicolaou smear, and thin liquid-based cytology (LBC), and then to compare data obtained by the aforementioned 6 strategies.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library were systematically searched for all original relevant studies about early detection of cervical cancer. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the accuracy of the 6 screening strategies covering sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsFifteen articles containing 22 cross-sectional studies were finally identified. The combined estimates of sensitivity for visual inspection with acetic acid, magnified visual inspection with acetic acid, VILI, Hybrid Capture 2 assay, conventional Papanicolaou smear, and LBC were 77%, 64%, 91%, 74%, 59%, and 88%, respectively; the combined values of specificity of these screening strategies were 87%, 86%, 85%, 92%, 94%, and 88%, respectively; the diagnostic odds ratio were 22.43, 10.30, 57.44, 33.26, 22.49, and 51.56, respectively; and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.8918, 0.7737, 0.9365, 0.9486, 0.9079, and 0.9418, respectively.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggests that LBC appeared to be promising in primary cervical cancer screening in resourced regions, and VILI might be a good choice to identify/exclude cervical cancerous and precancerous lesions in resource-constrained regions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Alcaraz-Chavez, Jesus Eduardo, Adriana del Carmen Téllez-Anguiano, Juan Carlos Olivares-Rojas, and Ricardo Martínez-Parrales. "Real-Time Tracking and Detection of Cervical Cancer Precursor Cells: Leveraging SIFT Descriptors in Mobile Video Sequences for Enhanced Early Diagnosis." Algorithms 17, no. 7 (2024): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a17070309.

Full text

Abstract:

Cervical cancer ranks among the leading causes of mortality in women worldwide, underscoring the critical need for early detection to ensure patient survival. While the Pap smear test is widely used, its effectiveness is hampered by the inherent subjectivity of cytological analysis, impacting its sensitivity and specificity. This study introduces an innovative methodology for detecting and tracking precursor cervical cancer cells using SIFT descriptors in video sequences captured with mobile devices. More than one hundred digital images were analyzed from Papanicolaou smears provided by the State Public Health Laboratory of Michoacán, Mexico, along with over 1800 unique examples of cervical cancer precursor cells. SIFT descriptors enabled real-time correspondence of precursor cells, yielding results demonstrating 98.34% accuracy, 98.3% precision, 98.2% recovery rate, and an F-measure of 98.05%. These methods were meticulously optimized for real-time analysis, showcasing significant potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the Pap smear test in early cervical cancer detection.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Santos, Maria Aparecida dos, Rita De Cássia Audickas, Sandra Cristina Coutinho, Janete Da Silva, and Lígia Do Nascimento Souza. "A importância da prevenção do câncer do colo uterino: em pauta o exame de papanicolaou." Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem, no. 12 (December 15, 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/2358-3088.2014.4.12.15-20.

Full text

Abstract:

Resumo: No Brasil, o câncer do colo de útero é a segunda neoplasia em mulheres e quando diagnosticado e tratado precocemente, a causa morte é evitável, sendo o papanicolaou método diagnóstico eficaz. Identificar na literatura o conhecimento das mulheres sobre a importância da realização do exame de papanicolaou para a prevenção do câncer de colo uterino. Pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica. Papanicolaou ainda é uma estratégia eficaz, de baixo custo, oferecido pela rede pública de saúde para a detecção precoce do câncer de colo uterino. A situação socioeconômica desfavorável influencia no conhecimento da mulher sobre a importância do exame preventivo, o medo e a falta de sintomas influenciam no adiamento da realização do exame. Oferta do exame ampliada, ações educativas direcionadas, maior participação dos profissionais de saúde, do poder público e da comunidade, constitui fonte de sucesso para diminuição da morbimortalidade deste agravo.Descritores: Papanicolaou, Citopatologia, Prevenção, Câncer de Colo do Útero. The importance of prevention of cervical cancer: on the agenda the pap smearAbstract: In Brazil, cervical cancer is the second cancer in women who were diagnosed and treated early, cause death is preventable, with the Pap smear method effective diagnosis. The literature for women's knowledge about the importance of holding the Pap smear for the prevention of cervical cancer. Research literature review. Pap smear is still an effective strategy, low cost, offered by the public health system for the early detection of cervical cancer. The unfavorable socioeconomic status influences the knowledge of women about the importance of preventive screening, fear and lack of symptoms influence the postponement of the examination. Offer expanded examination, targeted educational activities, increased participation of health professionals, the government and the community is successful source to decrease morbidity and mortality of this disease.Descriptors: Pap Smear, Cytopathology, Prevention, Cancer of the Cervix. La importancia de la prevención del cáncer de cuello utreino: en la agenda de la prueba de papanicolaouResumen: En Brasil, el cáncer de cuello uterino es el segundo cáncer en las mujeres que fueron diagnosticados y tratado a tiempo, causa la muerte es evitable, con el método de Papanicolaou diagnóstico eficaz. Identificar los conocimientos de la literatura de las mujeres sobre la importancia de la celebración de la prueba de Papanicolaou para la prevención de cáncer de cuello uterino. Revisión de la literatura de investigación. Papanicolaou sigue siendo una estrategia eficaz, de bajo costo, que ofrece el sistema de salud pública para la detección precoz del cáncer de cuello uterino. La influencia desfavorable la situación socioeconómica del conocimiento de las mujeres sobre la importancia de la detección preventiva, el miedo y la falta de síntomas influyen en el aplazamiento del examen. Actividades educativas oferta examen ampliado, dirigido, una mayor participación de profesionales de la salud, el gobierno y la comunidad es fuente de éxito para disminuir la morbilidad y la mortalidad de esta enfermedad. Descriptores: Papanicolaou, Citopatología, Prevención, Cáncer de Cuello de Útero.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Santos, Maria Aparecida dos, Rita De Cássia Audickas, Sandra Cristina Coutinho, Janete Da Silva, and Lígia Do Nascimento Souza. "A importância da prevenção do câncer do colo uterino: em pauta o exame de papanicolaou." Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem 4, no. 12 (2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/rrecien2358-3088.2014.4.12.15-20.

Full text

Abstract:

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Afruz M. "Early Detection of Cervical Cancer through Pap smears Examination." Journal of Diabetic Association Medical College, Faridpur 9, Number 1 (2025): 20–23. https://doi.org/10.70357/jdamc.2025.v0901.05.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Cervical cancer is a growing health issue and a leading cause of death for women globally. It can beprevented, if it is identified in the pre-invasive stage and diagnosed with Papanicolaou (PAP) smears at regular intervals.Objectives: To examine the early diagnosis of cervical cancer, including inflammatory changes, through Pap smearexamination. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics andGynecology, Sylhet Women’s Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. A total of 157 women who underwent a Papsmear in either the outpatient or inpatient department were examined during the study period. Results: The womenwere 36.2±11.5 years old on average. The 18–32 age group had a considerably higher prevalence of inflammatorycervical changes (t=39.444, p<0.05). The majority (54.1%) had a history of two or fewer births, and the mean paritywas 3.8±1.2. Mild inflammatory changes were seen in 50.3% of the patients, moderate inflammatory changes in29.9%, and severe inflammatory changes in 19.7%. Age and cervical inflammation were shown to be statisticallysignificantly associated (p p<0.05). The 18–32 age groups had the highest frequencies of mild, moderate, and severeinflammatory changes (50.6%, 42.6%, and 45.2%, respectively). Cervical inflammation and patient age were alsofound to be significantly correlated (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes by screening that inflammatorylesions sort-up a large portion of assessments. Specialists can avoid future dysplasia and create effective managementprograms with the help of this insight. Early-stage preinvasive lesions and potentially treatable malignancies are nowmore frequently detected thanks to Pap smear screening.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Slama, Jiri, Daniela Fischerova, Michal Zikan, et al. "Sensitivity of Follow-Up Methods in Patients After Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Cervical Cancers." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 27, no. 1 (2016): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000835.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to compare the sensitivity of various methods and their combinations in the follow-up of patients with cervical cancer after fertility-sparing surgery (FSS).MethodsIncluded were women with cervical cancer in stages IA2 to IB2 who underwent FSS, which includes pelvic lymphadenectomy, sentinel lymph node biopsy, abdominal radical trachelectomy, vaginal trachelectomy, or needle conization. Follow-up visits were scheduled at 3-month intervals and included symptom-oriented discussion, gynecological and physical examination, colposcopy, Papanicolaou test, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test, and ultrasound examination. All cases with a recurrent disease were thoroughly analyzed, and the results of individual examinations were compared.ResultsIn total, 43 women (IA2, 8; IB1, 33; IB2, 2) were enrolled. The mean patient age was 31 years; most patients were nulliparous (68.4%, 26/38) with squamous cell cancers (26/38). Abdominal radical trachelectomy was performed in 10 women, simple vaginal trachelectomy was performed in 11 women, and conization was performed in 22 women, according to the tumor characteristics and topography. The median duration of the follow-up reached 37 months. Invasive cancer and high- and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were detected in 8, 1, and 1 patients, respectively. All except 1 event were central, detected within the first year after FSS. Only 2 cases were symptomatic. Colposcopy detected 7 of 10 recurrences; 5 of them were HPV positive, and, in 2 cases, a Papanicolaou test revealed abnormalities. Papanicolaou tests were false positive in 27.7%, especially after trachelectomies.ConclusionsMost patients in whom cancer recurred after FSS reveal central or pelvic lesions, which can be successfully treated with salvage surgery or radiotherapy. The early detection of recurrence is an essential condition for a favorable oncological outcome. Colposcopy alone and in combination with HPV positivity showed the highest sensitivity for the detection of recurrent diseases, whereas other methods had limited reliability.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Joshi, Vaishali M., Pallavi V. Mulmule, Swati A. Gandhi, and Alaknanda S. Patil. "Cervical cancer: empowering diagnosis with VGGNet transfer learning." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 35, no. 1 (2024): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v35.i1.pp467-474.

Full text

Abstract:

This study addresses the critical issue of cervical cancer, which stands as the fourth most prevalent cancer among women. With early detection being pivotal for successful treatment, the research focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of deep learning-based models in cervical cancer detection. Leveraging the widely employed Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test, the study proposes a transfer learning approach, incorporating contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization for image enhancement. Convolutional neural network models, including AlexNet, visual geometry group (VGGNet)-16, and VGGNet-19, are employed to accurately distinguish between cancerous and non-cancerous cervical cell images. The evaluation metrics encompass accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, and the matthew correlation coefficient (MCC). Notably, the findings reveal the exceptional performance of the VGGNet-19 model, achieving an accuracy of 98.71%, sensitivity of 98.33%, and specificity of 99% for a single smear cell. This research marks a significant advancement in the application of deep learning for precise cervical cancer detection. The promising results underscore the potential of these models to enhance early diagnosis and contribute to improved treatment outcomes, thereby addressing a crucial aspect of women's health.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Vaishali, M. Joshi Pallavi V. Mulmule Swati A. Gandhi Alaknanda S. Patil. "Cervical cancer: empowering diagnosis with VGGNet transfer learning." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 35, no. 1 (2024): 467–74. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v35.i1.pp467-474.

Full text

Abstract:

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Abe, Makoto, Tetsuya Yamada, and Akinobu Nakano. "Prospective Comparison of Intraoperative Touch Imprint Cytology and Frozen Section Histology on Axillary Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Early Breast Cancer Patients." Acta Cytologica 64, no. 5 (2020): 492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000508016.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: Since the late 1970s, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has been used for several solid malignancies to identify lymph node metastases. This procedure is associated with less surgical morbidity than complete lymphadenectomy. Recent evidence suggests that axillary lymphadenectomy is not required for breast sentinel nodes with micrometastases (≤2 mm). Current clinical management of sentinel nodes indicates that only macrometastases (>2 mm) should be detected intraoperatively. In Japan, an intraoperative histopathological frozen section (FS) method is used to identify lymph node metastases, but this method takes more than 30 min and requires complex techniques and expensive equipment. Touch imprint cytology (TIC) is an easier, less expensive, and faster method, but its sensitivity has been shown to be low. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if TIC is more useful than FS in identifying macrometastases in sentinel lymph nodes in preoperative node-negative breast cancer operations. Methods: A prospective review of 49 consecutive patients with node-negative breast cancer treated with SLNB and intraoperative TIC and FS between November 2017 and June 2019 was performed. TIC samples were stained using Papanicolaou and Diff-Quick stains. Results were compared with routine postoperative paraffin sections. Results: With TIC, the Papanicolaou stain took a mean of 12 min, and the Diff-Quick stain took a mean of 10 min. Results of both TIC stain methods were the same. In contrast, the FS method took a mean of 80 min (including the transfer of specimens to a different hospital with the necessary equipment). TIC confirmed macrometastases in 5 cases. All macrometastases were diagnosed equally by the 2 techniques. Both the sensitivity and specificity of TIC were 100% for detection of macrometastases. Conclusion: TIC of SLNB for breast cancer is an easy and useful method for the detection of macrometastases of breast sentinel nodes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zarba, J. J., S. V. Holgado, M. Sanchez Segura, A. Gonzalez, V. Audi, and A. Elias. "Successful changes in the diagnosis of earlier stages in invasive cervical cancer following a cancer detection program in Tucuman, Argentina." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (2007): 1544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.1544.

Full text

Abstract:

1544 Background: The PDCCUT provides annually free cancer screening to many low-income, underinsured women. Effective control of cervical cancer depends primarily on early detection of precancerous lesions and also on the diagnosis of earlier stages of invasive lesions through use of the Papanicolaou test, followed by timely evaluation and treatment. The goal of this study is to determine the impact of the PDCCUT on the stage at initial diagnosis of invasive cervical cancer. Methods:This is a retrospective, cross-sectional and exploratory study of data registered in CRRCGMT from 376 women with cervical cancer diagnosis. UICC/FIGO is the staging system used. Every 3 years -from 1985 to 2005- rates were calculated; also trend of stages I-IIa and IIb-IV were estimated. Patients-stages were analyzed, before and after 2001 (beginning of the program). Changes in cervical cancer rates before and after the introduction of organized screening were compared. Conclusion: The results showed a progressive increase in the diagnosis of earlier stages of cervical cancer indicating the impact of PDCCUT. The last trienium rate is coincident with the increase of citological diagnosis (Papanicolaou). A lower rate in the diagnosis of EIIb-IV stages is expected in the next trienium. Evaluation of clinical practice in a Cancer Program allows to improve asistencial quality. [Table: see text] [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Khan, Abiha Ahmad, Syeda Aamena Naaz, Diwan I. Khan, and M. Anas M. Anas. "Papanicolaou Smear screening in Aligarh: A Review of the Cases." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 20, no. 1 (2023): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3065.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer after breast cancer. The risk factors associated with this dreaded yet preventable cancer is age at sexual debut, parity, multiple sexual partners, use of contraceptives and smoking etc. Fortunately, the cervical cancer are preventable because of the early detection of precancerous lesions. This is made possible by the screening procedures routinely in practice such as Pap smear, visual inspection and HPV. Methodology: The study was conducted to evaluate cervical cytological abnormalities, through pap smear reported as inflammatory lesions, precancerous (CIN1/ CIN2/CIN3) and carcinoma in situ, in women who underwent pap smear screening at the hospital. Discussion and Conclusion: This was a prospective study of pap smears received in the cytopathology laboratory from January 2019 to July 2019. A total of 202 Papanicolaou smears were sent to the cytology laboratory during the 6month time period. There were 112 (55.4%) abnormal pap smears (epithelial cell abnormalities, infections and inflammatory smears). 14 (6.9%) smears were inadequate or unsatisfactory for evaluation. 89 (44%) cases had inflammatory changes whereas epithelial abnormality was seen in 23 (11%). These findings corroborate with the fact that Papanicolaou (Pap) test is an important screening tool and is a simple technique to detect precancerous cervical lesions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Oliveira Santos, Maria José, Maria do Carmo Sousa, and Anabela Figueiredo. "Importância da Citologia Vaginal “Papanicolau” na prevenção do cancro do colo do útero: contributos para o ensino de enfermagem." História da Ciência e Ensino: construindo interfaces 27 (January 5, 2024): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2178-2911.2023v27espp-79-87.

Full text

Abstract:

Resumo O cancro do colo do útero é uma das principais causas de mortalidade relacionada ao cancro em mulheres, em todo o mundo. O exame de citologia vaginal, conhecido como Papanicolau é hoje um teste fundamental na deteção precoce de lesões pré-malignas do colo do útero, para além de outras infeções ginecológicas. A implementação de programas de rastreio com esta técnica tem demonstrado uma redução entre 70-80%, na incidência e mortalidade por cancro do colo uterino. O exame de Papanicolau foi desenvolvido no início do século XX, por um notável médico grego-americano, George Papanicolau, que dedicou a sua vida à investigação no campo da citologia e desenvolveu uma técnica para recolher e examinar células cervicais ao microscópio. Em 1945, validou o uso do esfregaço vaginal como um teste eficaz de prevenção do cancro do colo do útero. A sua evolução ao longo dos anos até à técnica atual e a implementação de programas de rastreio, foram cruciais para a promoção da saúde e qualidade de vida das mulheres. Os enfermeiros são fundamentais na educação das mulheres sobre a importância da realização regular deste exame, na recolha adequada das amostras e no apoio psico-emocional durante o procedimento. O objetivo desta revisão da literatura é sistematizar o conhecimento sobre a evolução da citologia vaginal e sua importância na promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva da mulher. Este conhecimento irá permitir-nos uma abordagem mais integral e consistente sobre este procedimento no ensino da disciplina de enfermagem. Palavras-chave: Cancro Colo Uterino; Citologia Vaginal; Promoção da Saúde; Saúde da Mulher; Rastreio; Enfermagem. Abstract The discovery of a cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. The vaginal cytology exam, known as Papanicolaou, is today a fundamental test in the early detection of pre-cancerous lesions of the cervix and other gynaecological infections. The implementation of screening programs using this technique has shown a reduction of between 70-80% in the incidence and mortality from cervical cancer. The Pap smear was developed in the early 20th century by a noted Greek-American physician, George Papanicolaou, who dedicated his life to research in the field of cytology, and he developed a technique to collect and examine cervical cells under a microscope. In 1945, the validated using a vaginal smear as a practical test to prevent cervical cancer. Its evolution to the current technique and the implementation of screening programs were crucial for promoting women’s health and quality of life. Nurses play a fundamental role in educating women about the importance of carrying out this examination regularly, in the adequate collection of samples and in providing psycho-emotional support during the procedure. This literature review aims to systematize knowledge about the evolution of vaginal cytology and its importance in promoting women’s sexual and reproductive health. This knowledge will give us a more comprehensive and consistent approach to this procedure in teaching nursing. Keywords: Cervical Cancer; Vaginal Cytology; Health Promotion; Women’s Health; Screening; Nursing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Panko, M. "ANAL CYTOLOGY: CURRENT APPROACHES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES." Ukrainian Journal of Laboratory Medicine 3, no. 2 (2025): 40. https://doi.org/10.62151/2786-9288.3.2.2025.10.

Full text

Abstract:

Summary: Anal cytology plays an increasingly important role in the early detection of precancerous lesions and anal cancer, particularly among high-risk groups such as HIV-positive individuals and men who have sex with men. The study emphasizes the diagnostic value of cytological evaluation using the Papanicolaou staining method and classification under the adapted Bethesda system. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was identified as the primary etiological factor in the development of dysplastic changes. Combining anal cytology with high-resolution anoscopy and HPV testing enhances diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification. Standardization of sampling methods and interpretation criteria is essential for improving screening outcomes. Integration of anal cytology into national cancer screening programs can contribute to reduced morbidity and mortality rates

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sah, Samyukta, Elisabeth M. Schwiebert, Samuel G. Moore, et al. "Metabolomics of Papanicolaou Tests for the Discovery of Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers." Metabolites 14, no. 11 (2024): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo14110600.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal cancers among women due to most cases going undiagnosed until later stages. The early detection and treatment of this malignancy provides the best prognosis, but the lack of an accurate and sensitive screening tool combined with ambiguous symptoms hinders these diagnoses. In contrast, screening for cervical cancer via Papanicolaou (Pap) tests is a widespread practice that greatly reduces the cancer’s mortality rates. Interestingly, previous studies show evidence of OC cells in Pap tests, suggesting that proteins, and potentially lipids, shed from ovarian tumors end up in the cervix. The goal of this study is to evaluate the practicality of using Pap tests as biospecimens for OC-screening-related metabolomics. Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of using residual Pap test samples as biospecimens for potential metabolomics work, 29 Pap test samples, collected from women over the age of 50 with normal cytology and no visible blood contamination, were first obtained from the University of Minnesota, with IRB approval. These samples were centrifuged to recover the cell pellets from the supernatants. The cell pellets underwent a biphasic extraction, followed by an RP-LC-MS analysis, while the supernatants underwent two separate extractions and analyses, including RP-LC-MS and HILIC-LC-MS. Non-targeted features were detected in the range of 220–1000 m/z to determine the sensitivity and scope of the various extraction and analytical workflows, as well as evaluating residual Pap test samples as viable metabolomics biospecimens. Results: The biphasic extraction and subsequent RP-LC-MS analysis of the isolated cell pellets from all 29 samples yielded informative, exploratory data, highlighting the potential of using residual Pap test samples as biospecimens for metabolomics, specifically lipidomics, studies. Each sample was analyzed in both the positive and negative ion mode, yielding the detection of 7318 in the positive ion mode and 3733 in the negative ion mode. Using multiple reference libraries, 22.85% and 36.19% of these features were annotated in the positive and negative ion mode, respectively. Among these detected features, 453 unique lipids, representative of 20 different lipid subclasses, were annotated in all 29 samples. Of the various lipid subclasses represented from the detected lipids, ceramides, triacylglycerols, hexosylceramides, and phosphatidylcholines contributed to over half (53.3%) of the detected lipids at 16.2%, 13.0%, 12.8%, and 11.3%, respectively. Conclusions: The detection of these 453 common lipids across all patients establishes a relative lipidome baseline for women over the age of 50 with normal cervical cytology. This exploratory study is the first investigation to utilize residual Pap test samples as biospecimens in a metabolomics/lipidomics workflow.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Poudel, Anuj, and Prahar Dahal. "Cytohistological correlation of conventional Papanicolaou smears in cervical neoplasia at a tertiary care hospital of Nepal." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 9, no. 1 (2019): 1475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v9i1.23372.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Conventional Cervical Cytology is the most widely used cervical cancer screening test. The incidence of cervical carcinoma is incredibly high in developing countries due to lack of proper knowledge. The extensive use of cervical screening with Papanicolau smears had considerably increased the detection of precancerous and cancerous lesion of uterine cervix. Study was conducted to evaluate cytohistological correlation and to calculate concordance and discordance of Pap smear in detection of precancerous and cancerous lesions of uterine cervix. Materials and Methods: A total of 54 samples reported in Pap smear as cervical intraepithelial lesions and suspicious for invasive malignancies were selected and correlated with corresponding histopathological findings. It was an observational study done for a period of 18 months from November 2016 to May 2018 at UCMS-TH. All the statistical evaluation was done by using SPSS version 20. Results: During the study period 54 cases were evaluated. Atypical Squamous Cell of Undetermined Significance was the common abnormal findings in the Pap smear with frequency of 26 (48.1%). Out of total 54 cases of Pap smears, 30 (55.55%) were concordant while discrepancies occurred in 24(44.44%) cases with cervical biopsy. Conclusions: The study revealed a good correlation between cervical cytology and cervical biopsy. We also concluded that conventional Pap smear is a cost effective test for the early detection of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

E., Nandhini, Sasikala R., and Varadharaja Perumal. "Comparison of cervical acid phosphatase papanicolaou stain and standard papanicolaou stain as a screening tool for cancer cervix." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, no. 12 (2022): 3300. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20223120.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Carcinoma cervix is the second most common cancer in women (18%). Cervical smear by routine Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening has significant rates of false-positive and false-negative results. To minimise this, we compare the efficacy of cervical acid phosphatase-papanicolaou (CAP-Pap) smear with conventional Pap smear in detecting premalignant lesions of cervix. The red-colored granules (enzyme coated abnormal cells) that are clearly detected, CAP-Pap positive aids in the quick and early diagnosis of aberrant cells, which speeds up the screening procedureMethods: The present observational study conducted among the patients presenting to gynaecology department for cancer cervix screening. Two cervical smears were collected for Pap and CAP-Pap staining. Cytology report showing abnormality either in Pap smear or CAP-Pap smear were subjected for colposcopy guided cervical biopsy after VIA/VILI and their results were correlated with histopathology reports as gold standard.Results: Total of 321 women were enrolled in the study. On comparison with Cervical biopsy, Pap smear had a sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity of 50%, Positive predictive value of 88.2%, Negative predictive value of 40.0%. CAP-Pap had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 50%, PPV of 90%, NPV of 100%. As evidenced by the 100% sensitivity, CAP-Pap meets the screening test criteria.Conclusions: The CAP- Pap test has a bright future as a rapid, inexpensive, and efficient method for initial screening or as an addition to Pap smear in primary health care of India for effective cervical cancer screening.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Vega Crespo, Bernardo José, Vivian Alejandra Neira Molina, María Antonieta Flores Salinas, Gabriela Mireya Guerra Astudillo, Lorena Viviana Mora Bravo, and José Ignacio Ortiz Segarra. "Minireview: Situación actual del cáncer de cuello uterino en Ecuador, 2019." Revista Médica del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga 12, no. 3 (2020): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14410/2020.12.3.rb.30.

Full text

Abstract:

Cervical cancer is a neoplasm mainly caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is acquired through sexual contact. Cervical cancer is more prevalent in low and middle income countries; 88% of worldwide deaths from this cause, occur in developing countries, such as Ecuador. The ELEVATE project (Early detection of cervical cancer in hard-to-reach populations of women through portable and point-of-care HPV testing), funded by the European Union, seeks to characterize the national context of this disease; with this purpose, we carried out a systematic search for scientific articles and gray literature, produced in Ecuador, using specialized search engines, and virtual repositories from universities and government institutions. KEYWORDS: UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS, HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS, PAPANICOLAOU TEST, PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES, ECUADOR

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Adewale, Oyenike Musiliu, Avwioro Godwin Ovie, Iyare Godfrey Innocent, et al. "Concordance between PAP smears and P53 expression in women with cervical abnormalities in Osogbo, Southwest, Nigeria." Sokoto Journal of Medical Laboratory Science 9, no. 3 (2024): 81–92. https://doi.org/10.4314/sokjmls.v9i3.8.

Full text

Abstract:

Cervical cancer screening, involving Papanicolaou (PAP) smear and assessment of p53 expression, is crucial for early detection and prevention of cervical cancer. The aim is to evaluate the concordance between Papanicolaou (PAP) smears and P53 expression in detecting cervical abnormalities in Osogbo women southwest, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved 221 women aged 18–65 attending Uniosun teaching hospital for cervical screening between January 2023 and December 2023. Cervical cytology was performed using PAP smears, and P53 expression was assessed through immunohistochemistry of the smear samples. The agreement between cytology, PAP smear results, and P53 expression were analyzed. Of the 221 women, 86 (38.9%) had abnormal Pap smear results, categorized as ASC-US, LSIL, or HSIL. P53 overexpression was observed in 86 (38.9%) cases. A statistically significant association was found between age group and Pap smear results, with a higher proportion of abnormal results among the 30–39 age groups. Additionally, a significant association was observed between miscarriage history and Pap smear results, with a higher proportion of abnormal results among those with more than two miscarriages. The relationship between PAP smear results and p53 expression revealed a statistically significant association (p=0.047), with a higher proportion of normal PAP smear results having negative p53 expression (99.3%) compared to abnormal PAP smear results (100% negative P53 expression). The concordance rate between Pap smear findings and P53 expression, indicating that there is no substantial agreement. The highest concordance was observed in normal cases (95.6%). This study suggests that p53 expression can be used as a complementary negative marker to Pap smear in cervical cancer screening although there was no concordance substantial between PAP smears and P53 expression in detecting cervical abnormalities. This could help in enhancing the accuracy of cervical cancer screening or for monitoring of the disease but not for diagnosis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Joshi, Shubhi, and Ruchi Kalra. "Awareness about cervical cancer screening and prevention among women attending tertiary care centre." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 14, no. 6 (2025): 1767–71. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20251559.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with India accounting for the highest number of deaths. Cervical cancer screening is crucial for detecting abnormal cervical cells at the pre-invasive stage, also known as cervical pre-cancer. Early detection enables timely treatment, preventing the progression to cervical cancer. Two primary screening methods are employed: high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) DNA testing and the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear. To assess awareness about cervical cancer screening and prevention among women attending outpatient departments at the tertiary care centre, Bhopal. Methods: This present study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate cervical cancer awareness among 100 female patients aged 20 years and above attending G-OPD at People Medical College Hospitals and Research Centre from January 2024 to June 2024. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique to ensure representation and a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was employed. Results: The majority of participants (61%) were aged 20-40 years. Awareness about PAP smear testing was low, with 53% unaware in the 20-40 age group. Knowledge about cervical cancer risk factors was alarmingly low, with 57% unaware in the 20-40 age group. HPV vaccine awareness was also limited, with 57% unaware in the 20-40 age group. Conclusions: The study reveals a concerning lack of awareness about cervical cancer screening, risk factors and HPV vaccination. Targeted education and awareness campaigns are necessary to promote cervical cancer prevention and early detection.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Khudoyarova, Dildora Rakhimovna Tilyavova Sitora Amirovna Khairullaeva Sangina Norbutayeva Gulruh. "CHANGES IN THE TISSUES OF THE CERVIX OF UTERUS." CENTRAL ASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND INNOVATION 2, no. 6 (2023): 14–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8047305.

Full text

Abstract:

Cervical dysplasia, having an asymptomatic course, has the highest risk of malignancy; annually, cervical cancer is diagnosed in 37,000 women. It affects women of childbearing age and the course of the disease; its early diagnosis is one of the hot topics of modern oncogynecology. The purpose of the study: to improve the methods for diagnosing cervical dysplasia. Materials and methods: the object of the study were 35 women with cervical pathology, who were examined in the gynecological department of the Samarkand State Medical University in the period from 2019 to 2021. Results: when using the Papanicolaou method, the efficiency was CIN I-25.7%, CIN II-54.3%, CIN III-17.1%, and when using liquid cytology CIN I-20%, CIN II-57.1 % and CIN III-20%, although the detection of atypia was the same.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Said, Z. "The Evolution of Cervical Cancer Control Program in Malaysia: Trials and Tribulations." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 148s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.18200.

Full text

Abstract:

Background and context: Cervical cancer remains a major burden to many countries worldwide particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries. It continues to have a huge impact on women not only physically but also socially and sexually. However, the good news, because of its slow progression and cytologic identifiable precursors and provided it is detected early and managed effectively, it is herald as one of the preventable and treatable forms of cancer. Despite the decades of awareness campaigns and progress in technology, the coverage and uptake remains low, more so among the younger and high risk women. Sadly too of those diagnosed, more than 76% were at stage II and above when intensive and invasive treatment will be required. Conventional Papanicolaou test is the only primary screening tool available since 1969 and it is considered the most successful cancer screening program to date. Nevertheless, cytology has its limitations especially technical limitations regarding sampling and laboratory errors in screening and interpretation. Noticing the laggardness of a single approach, Malaysia doubles up her strategy by introducing primary prevention using the HPV immunization to hasten reduction of cervical cancer. While Pap smear remain as a strategy, improving the quality of the laboratory services is paramount to ensure effective early detection of precancerous lesion. In 2015 the Ministry of Health introduced the liquid-based cytology in a phased implementation starting with Kelantan, Johor, Negeri Sembilan and Selangor gradually the whole country. Does HPV DNA testing be available soon to further enhance diagnosis? The topic has a fair share of several rounds of discussions. Aim: To share the latest challenge, gap, strategy and the way forward for the transformation of the cervical cancer prevention and control program comprehensively taking into consideration of HPV DNA test as a screening tool. Strategy/Tactics: The milestone of the Papanicolaou test program was analyzed to see the gap and the options of the improvement. The performances of Papanicolaou test services were analyzed through the annual data and report of Papanicolaou test services from all the states. Later, we also map the analysis with the latest incidence of cervical cancer in Malaysia to see the impact of the program. Program/Policy process: The planning process involved several discussions at ministry level, series of workshop to develop the important documents for the implementation, being collaborative partner in organizing HPV workshop and effective discussions with VCS, Australia. Outcomes: Mandate of the way forward of comprehensive strategy for cervical cancer control program being approved. What was learned: Malaysia is optimistic that cervical cancer reduction program remain a high-profile agenda in the country and therefore we are ready for the change to give a better impact of the program.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zanagnolo, Vanna, Lucas Ming, Angiolo Gadducci, et al. "Surveillance Procedures for Patients With Cervical Carcinoma: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 19, no. 2 (2009): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/igc.0b013e31819c9ffd.

Full text

Abstract:

Cervical cancer is still one of the most common malignancies in women. Treatment of cervical cancer is very successful, especially in the early stage. However, some patients will experience recurrence. The primary purpose of follow-up programs is early detection of recurrence disease that should be more likely to be amenable to treatment, thereby improving the clinical outcome. Although, in the literature, most studies have shown that the surveillance programs did not improve the clinical outcome of patients with diagnosis of recurrence, this clinical practice is regarded as traditional management. The use of Papanicolaou tests to detect recurrent cervical cancer is not sufficiently justified. The assessment of tumor markers such as the squamous cell carcinoma antigen could be useful. Imaging techniques are important for the detection and assessment of recurrent disease. The role of chest x-rays in detecting asymptomatic recurrence in patients treated for cervical carcinoma remains controversial. Detection of a new abnormal mass or the changes in the size of a known lesion caused by cancer growth and the determination of the extent of recurrence with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may provide clinical assistance in the selection of optimal therapy. The fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose-positron emission tomography for surveillance only show 80% of specificity and accuracy with negative predictive value of 100%. Integrated fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography provides precise anatomic localization of suspicious areas and, therefore, a better diagnostic interpretation with a possible impact on disease-free survival as well. In conclusion, our review confirms the need for prospective studies to compare the effectiveness of different follow-up regimens measuring overall survival and quality of life parameters as outcomes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Silva, Isis Teixeira e., Rosane Harter Griep, and Lúcia Rotenberg. "Social support and cervical and breast cancer screening practices among nurses." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 17, no. 4 (2009): 514–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692009000400013.

Full text

Abstract:

This cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out at three public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. It aimed at analyzing the association between social support and cervical and breast cancer early detection practices among nurses. Data were collected through a multidimensional questionnaire focusing on socio-demographic and occupational variables, the performance of the breast self-exam, the Papanicolaou smear test, and social support (Medical Outcomes Study scale). Statistical associations were evaluated through the Chi-square test (p d" 0.05). Logistic regression tests were used for multivariate analysis. Higher levels of social support consistently increased the chances of individuals reporting adequate practices concerning breast self-examination and having Pap smear tests performed, regardless of socio-demographic or occupational variables. These results corroborate the hypotheses that social support has a positive effect on the regular practice of self-care.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sánchez-Hernández, JA, D. Castillo-Flores, CJ Luna-Ricaño, JF Huerta-Romano, LC Juárez-Pérez, and A. Rivera. "Influence of tobacco consumption on the appearance of cervicovaginal lesions." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 10, no. 2 (2022): 004–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6331534.

Full text

Abstract:

The gynecological interrogations, clinical impressions and results obtained from 1587 patients who attended the Department of Cellular Biology of the Faculty of Medicine of the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México, for cervicovaginal exfoliative cytology sampling (Papanicolaou) were analyzed. Within the framework of the early cancer detection program from March 2010 to March 2021. From the 1587 patients studied, 302 reported smoking during the gynecological examination. Of the total number of patients with a smoking habit 178 (58.94%) showed cervicovaginal lesions on microscopic observation and/or physical examination. Smoking is considered a predisposing factor in the appearance of cervicovaginal lesions, and there is a need to carry out more detailed studies on the secondary effects of tobacco in patients with an active sexual life and a smoking habit in Mexico.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Ajay Gupta, Pushpendra Singh, Krishna Dubey, Sushil Mewara, Mayank Sharma, and Yogesh Gupta. "The cytological pattern of cervical papanicolaou smear in a tertiary hospital of India." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 8 (2023): 157–63. https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v14i8.3681.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Cervical cancer continues to be listed among the top gynecologic cancers worldwide. According to current data, it is ranked fourteenth among all cancers and fourth-ranked cancer among women worldwide. In India alone 1,30,000 new cases occur with the death toll of 70,000 per year. A “PAP’ test should be performed during the second half of the menstrual cycle (Day 14). The patient is placed in lithotomy position and the cervix is visualized by means of a speculum. The smaller end of the Ayre’s spatula is introduced through the external os and the squamocolumnar junction is scraped by rotating the spatula to 360°. Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the use of the Pap smear screening method for detection of precancerous lesions. Cervical cancer accounts for 15% of all cancers in females. If treated or detected earlier, cervical cancer can be prevented. Materials and Methods: This study was done on 1000 patients during reproductive and later age groups (postmenopausal), attending Obstetric and Gynaecological Outpatient Department of Panna Dhai Hospital associated with RNTMC, Udaipur during the period of November 2012–April 2014 with history of white discharge per vagina, bleeding per vagina, pain in lower abdomen and post coital bleeding. Results: Most of the smears (90.1%) were NILM and 9.9% of smears showed cytological abnormality. Majority 834 (83.4%) of smears were inflammatory, Bacterial vaginosis was seen in 119 cases (11.9%), Candidiasis in 78 cases (7.8%), Trichomoniasis in 35 cases (3.5%), Atrophic vaginitis in 4 cases (0.4%) and Radiation changes in 4 cases (0.4%). There were 99 samples reported as having epithelial cell abnormality. Out of which 75 were LSIL, 14 were high grade squamous intraepithelial, 5 were atypical squamous cells (ASC)-US, 1 was ASC-H and 4 were squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Due to high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy found in this study Pap test is proved to be highly useful to detect precancerous and cancerous lesions of cervix. From the above facts, it can be concluded that early diagnosis and prompt specific treatment of preinvasive or early stages of the disease (mainly in high risk women), reduces the prevalence of invasive carcinoma of uterine cervix.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Full text

Abstract:

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Wong, W. C. W., Y. T. Wun, K. W. Chan, and Y. Liu. "Silent killer of the night: a feasibility study of an outreach well-women clinic for cervical cancer screening in female sex workers in Hong Kong." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 18, no. 1 (2008): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200801000-00017.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to see if an outreach model could be a feasible option for early detections of preinvasive cervical cancer in women with double identities of female sex workers (FSW) and illegal migrant workers in Hong Kong who most needed cervical screening but were often deprived of such a service. High turnover rates, acceptability, and compliance for follow-ups could potentially render such a clinical model unsuccessful. A total of 245 FSW were screened at the outreach clinic from January 2004 to December 2005, which was set up in a nongovernmental organization in a red light district. A questionnaire regarding their lifestyles and demographic details was used before a gynecological history, Papanicolaou (PAP) smear, and other health checkup were conducted. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the results. Of 235 women tests, 9.8% of them had CIN I–III, and places of origin were found to be important risk factors for abnormal PAP smears. The nonlocal workers were significantly more likely to have abnormal PAP smears (χ2= 10.55,P= 0.04). Among the women, 88.1% of them who had the tests returned for follow-up with poorer compliance among those with an abnormal result. We conclude that an outreach well-women clinic seems to be an acceptable option for these women and an effective way for the early detection of cervical cancer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Majid, Abdul, Bushra Sajid, Kiran Shaikh, Amin Fahim, Farkhunda Nadeem, and Ghulam Shah Nizamani. "Accuracy, Sensitivity and Specificity of Oral Brush Cytology in the Diagnosis of Oral Epithelial Lesions." Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College 8, no. 3 (2019): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v8i3.289.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Oral Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is highly prevalent in Pakistan than the rest of the world. Five-year survival rate is 80% if SCC is diagnosed at an early stage. The survival rate declines to 20% if diagnosed at a later stage. The objective of the present study was to find out the usefulness of oral brush cytology in detecting oral lesions. Material and Methods: In the present prospective observational study, 88 samples were collected from Maxillofacial Surgery Out-Patient Department (OPD), Liaquat University Hospital and ISRA University Hospital from July 2015 to December 2015. After taking written informed consent, oral brush cytology was performed and stained with standard Papanicolaou (PAP) staining protocol. The biopsy of the patients was performed by standard protocols of oral biopsy and specimen preserved in 10% buffered formalin. Cross tabulation between diagnosis of brush cytology and biopsy of same patients was done and accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results: According to the distribution of patients on brush cytology, 59.1% patients were diagnosed with malignant tumors, whereas 17.1% had benign tumors. On biopsy of the same patients, squamous cell carcinoma was confirmed in 72.7% and benign tumors were found in 17% of the patients. Comparison of brush cytology with biopsy of same patients revealed no significant difference. Accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of brush cytology of the oral cavity for detection of malignant tumor were calculated as 86.36%, 81.25% and 100% respectively. Whereas accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of brush cytology of the oral cavity for detection of benign and inflammatory conditions were 100%. Conclusion: Oral brush cytology has good accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for detection of oral epithelial lesions and can be useful in early detection of oral cancer as well as other lesions. Moreover, as an easy-to-do, painless and non-invasive procedure, it can be a good screening method for detection of oral lesions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Silveira Pinto e Grossi, Isabel, and Estela Mercedes Acosta. "HPV Prevalence in pregnant women." SCT Proceedings in Interdisciplinary Insights and Innovations 1 (November 18, 2023): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.56294/piii2023170.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Human Papilloma virus (HPV) is very common virus in the global population. It is mainly transmitted through sexual contact and can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth. There are more than 100 different types of HPV, and most infected individuals do not present symptoms. However, some types of HPV can cause genital warts, while others can lead to change in cervical cells, increasing the risk of cervical cancer development. The best way to prevent HPV infection is through vaccination, along with use of condoms during secual intercourse. It Is essential for women to undergo regular screenings such as Pap test and colposcopy, as they help in the early detection of any cellular changes in the cervix and receiving appropriate treatment if necessary.. Material and methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted by analyzing the medical records of pregnant women who gave birth in the year 2017 at The Ana Goitia maternal and Child Specialized Hospital. Results: From this research work, we arrived at the result that 24,2%(n=78) of pregnant women underwent the papanicolaou test. Amog them, 71%(n=55) tested negative, 27%(n=21) were classified as PAP class 2 and 2%(n=2) positive for HPV. Conclusion: After analyzing de medical records of the mentioned hospital, it was evident that very few individuals had undergone the papanicolaou test. As consequence, a low number of pregnant women were found to have any abnormalities in the test o tested positive for HPV. This made in challenging to determine the prevalence of this disease In the study population

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

S., Sharanya, Shahnas M., Umadevi ., and Abdul Vahab. "Colposcopic evaluation and papanicolaou smear in high risk groups and its correlation with histology." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 13, no. 2 (2024): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240124.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynaecologic neoplasms. PAP smear and colposcopy are used for its early detection. This study aims to find the correlation of colposcopic evaluation with Pap smear in cervical cancer screening and with histology. Methods: All women attending the OPD with unhealthy cervix and abnormal symptoms, who gave written informed consent were included in the study. Pap smear cytological grading, colposcopic findings were recorded. Pap smear and colposcopy findings was compared with histopathology. Results: The study included 73 patients. Pap smear was negative in more than half of the patients (56.2%), followed by atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in 12 (16.4%), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in 17 (23.3%), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in 2 (2.7%) and squamous cell carcinoma in 1 patient (1.4%). The histopathology showed normal findings in 46 patients (63%), followed by CIN 1 in 11 (15.1%), CIN 2 in 6 patients (8.2%), CIN 3 and squamous cell carcinoma in 5 patients each (6.8%). Pap smear’s predictability of cervical malignancy showed that it had a sensitivity of 48.15, it’s specificity for identifying patients without cervical malignancy was 84.78%. Colposcopy’s predictability of cervical malignancy showed that it had a sensitivity of 88.89%, it’s specificity for identifying patients without cervical malignancy was 95.65%. Conclusions: Colposcopy does seem to be better than Pap smear in diagnosing cervical carcinoma and also identifying patients without it.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mohan, Priyanka, Lakshmidevi M., and Shreedhar Venkatesh. "Comparative study of papanicolaou smear and colposcopy in the evaluation of cervical lesions." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 6 (2019): 2400. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20192438.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common type of cancer among females. Study aims to critically evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of colposcopy versus papanicolaou (Pap) smear in the early detection of dysplasias. Its secondary objective to correlate the findings in the evaluation of unhealthy cervix by cytology, colposcopy and colposcopy guided biopsy.Methods: This was a tertiary care teaching hospital based, prospective, cross sectional study done in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, at Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, conducted on 200 women attending Gynaecology OPD.Results: PAP smear was taken for all 200 patients. 73% of smear was found to be normal, 11% showed inflammatory atypia, 9% showed low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 3.5% showed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and 3.5% showed High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL). Among the 200 cases studied, 38% (76/200) were diagnosed as colposcopically abnormal. Among the abnormal cases, AW areas were diagnosed in 4%. Punctate pattern of vessels was seen in 5% of women. Normal findings was present in 62%, Erosion cervix in 6%, inflammatory changes were seen in 6% and polyps were diagnosed in 7.5%, leucoplakia was found in 2% and unsatisfactory colposcopy finding was seen in 4% and underwent endocervical curettage. 32 cases out of 200 women were positive on Pap smear. 66 out of 200 women were positive on Biopsy. Pap smear was positive in 22 out of 66 biopsy proven positive cases.Conclusions: The commonest presenting complaint was vaginal discharge (182/200; 91% of the patients. the PAP smear is found to have sensitivity of 33.33% and specificity of 92.54%. colposcopy is found to have sensitivity of 81.82% and specificity of 82.84%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lepka, Paulina, Agnieszka Hałoń, Szczepan Barnaś, and Tomasz Zatoński. "The combination of brush cytology with the results of histopathological examination in laryngeal cancer diagnosis." Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 75, no. 1 (2021): 847–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2021-0030.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Recently, the incidence rate of head and neck cancer (HNC) has been increasing significantly. It is estimated that there are over 550,000 new cases per year, of which over 130,000 are laryngeal cancers. It is assumed that in more than 60% of patients the disease is diagnosed late, at stages III–IV, which is associated with unfavorable prognoses: the average survival ranges from 15% to 45%. The mainstay of successful tumor therapy is the early detection of neoplastic tissue. The laryngological examination with the use of traditional instruments should be expanded with an endoscopic examination of the larynx using optics in the outpatient clinics. This procedure is sufficient to select patients who need a direct laryngoscopy with a surgical biopsy, usually under general anesthesia in operating room conditions. However, it may bear potential complications. In 1941, Papanicolaou and Traut showed that brush cytology could be useful in detecting precancerous conditions and cervical cancers. For decades, research on the usefulness of brush cytology in diagnosing precancerous conditions and laryngeal cancers has been conducted. This paper aims to enable the reader to understand the issues related to laryngeal cancer and present the results of the previous use of brush cytology in the diagnostic process.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zanagnolo, Vanna, Lucas Alfonso Minig, Angelo Gadducci, et al. "Surveillance Procedures for Patients for Cervical Carcinoma: A Review of the Literature." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 19, no. 3 (2009): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/igc.0b013e3181a130f3.

Full text

Abstract:

Cervical cancer is still one of the most common malignancies in women. Treatment for cervical cancer is very successful, especially in early stage. However, some patients will experience recurrence. Primary purpose of follow-up programs is early detection of recurrence disease that should be more likely to be amenable to treatment, thereby improving the clinical outcome. Although, in the literature, most studies have shown that the surveillance programs did not improve the clinical outcome of patients with diagnosis of recurrence, this clinical practice is regarded as traditional management. The use of Papanicolaou tests to detect recurrent cervical cancer is not sufficiently justified. The assessment of tumor markers such as squamous cell carcinoma antigen could be useful. Imaging techniques are important for the detection and assessment of recurrent disease. The role of chest radiographs to detect asymptomatic recurrence in patients treated for cervical carcinoma remains controversial. Detection of a new abnormal mass or the changes in the size of a known lesion caused by cancer growth and the determination of the extent of recurrence with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may provide clinical assistance in selection of optimal therapy. The fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose-positron emission tomography for surveillance only shows 80% of specificity and accuracy with negative predictive value of 100%. Integrated fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography provides precise anatomic localization of suspicious areas and therefore a better diagnostic interpretation with a possible impact on disease-free survival as well. In conclusion, our review confirms the need of prospective studies to compare the effectiveness of different follow-up regimens measuring as outcome overall survival and quality of life parameters.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Triani, Maulina, Akbar Aulia Hidayat, Aris Aji Kurniawan, Anindita Laksitasari, and Aditya Priagung Prakosa. "Pyknotic Cell Features of Buccal Mucosal Smear in Various Oral Lesions of Betel Nut Chewers." Insisiva Dental Journal: Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Insisiva 11, no. 1 (2022): progress. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/di.v11i1.14561.

Full text

Abstract:

The habit of chewing betel nut is one of the predisposing factors that can trigger the formation of various oral lesions and develop into a malignant condition in the form of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This malignancy has a low five-year survival rate as early detection is not widely carried out. Early detection can be conducted by examining pyknotic cells to describe the level of apoptosis. This study aims to examine the pyknotic cell features as a marker of apoptosis in various oral lesions found in betel nut chewers. This study is an analytic survey conducted once with a post-test control group design. The study was conducted on 17 betel nut chewers and 17 healthy people as controls. A buccal mucous smear was collected, and cytological slides were made with Papanicolaou stain. Pyknotic cells were counted using a light microscope and Optilab pro camera. This study found several oral lesions in betel nut chewers, namely exogenous pigmentation, lesions resembling leukoplakia, and lichenoid reaction. Furthermore, the result also showed that the frequency of pyknotic cells in betel nut chewers was lower than in the control group. Non-parametric Kruskal Wallis and post hoc Mann Whitney test showed significant differences in the number of pyknotic cells in various oral lesions with a p-value = 0,001. It can be concluded that the consumption of betel nut affected the level of apoptosis, characterized by a decrease in pyknotic cells and significantly different pyknotic cells depending on the type of oral lesions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Bouafia, Waffa, Abdelmoudjib Ghecham, and Rachid Benslitane. "Prevalence of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions in women from Batna, Algeria." Epidemiology and Health System Journal 11, no. 4 (2024): 204–10. https://doi.org/10.34172/ehsj.26327.

Full text

Abstract:

Background and aims: Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer among Algerian women and the seventh in Batna. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions and identify the target age groups for focused screening efforts to facilitate the early detection of uterine cervical neoplasms. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for seven years, from January 2017 to December 2023. A total of 12623 Algerian women, aged 25 to 65, were screened cytologically using the Papanicolaou test as part of a national screening program for early detection of cancerous lesions and precursor lesions of cervical cancer. Results: The predominant age group was 30-39 years, accounting for 39.42%. In 98.19% of adequate smears, results were negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy (NILM). Of these, 3617 (29.66%) were standard, and 8301 (68.07%) exhibited non-specific inflammation. Epithelial cell abnormalities (ECAs) were observed in 225 (1.81%) of the smears. No cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma, or adenocarcinoma in situ were reported. No significant association was detected (P<0.05) between age groups and the presence of precancerous cervical lesions. However, most abnormal Pap smears were found in women over 60 years old with 24 cases (4.10%) and 56 cases (3.13%) in the 50-59 age group. Conclusion: The study found that 1.81% of cervical smears exhibited ECAs, with atypical glandular cells (AGCs) being the most prevalent (46.67%). The highest prevalence of abnormalities was observed in women over 50 years of age.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Gandhi, Shivangi S., and Pinal C. Shah. "Utility of Papanicolaou’s smears in the diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix in a tertiary care centre of South Gujarat, India." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 9 (2019): 3342. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20193911.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: "Preventable but not prevented", this is the reality of cervical cancer today, at least in developing countries. 80% of all the cases of cervical cancer occur in these developing countries. In India, cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths in women. The Papanicolaou test is simple, quick, and painless. It is capable of detecting cervical cancer at an early stage and is used widely in developed countries, where it has decreased both the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. Objective of the study was conducted to determine the importance of conventional Pap smears for the diagnosis of inflammatory, premalignant and malignant lesions of the cervix.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to June 2018 on 2000 women coming for a Pap smear examination in Government Medical College attached to New Civil Hospital, Surat. After doing Pap stain, all cases were reported as per the 2014 Bethesda system.Results: A total of 2000 cases of Pap smears were received out of which 1914(95.7%) cases were satisfactory for evaluation, 86(4.3%) cases were unsatisfactory. The frequency of epithelial abnormalities was 3.66%. The age group of 51-60 years showed the highest epithelial abnormalities. The frequency of epithelial abnormalities in asymptomatic women was 2.3%. Out of the 1844 cases, 103(5.6%) showed changes of atrophy, 1011(54.8%) cases showed inflammatory/reactive changes, whereas organisms were seen in 558(30.3%) cases.Conclusions: Pap smear happens to be an economical, safe and pragmatic diagnostic tool for early detection of cervical cancer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sirait, L. M. F., L. A. Anggreni, W. E. Prasetyo, W. Kendar Susantyo, and R. K. Priharto. "VIA (Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid) Service Goes to Public to Make Jakarta Free From Cervical Cancer." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 143s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.17100.

Full text

Abstract:

Background and context: According to GLOBOCAN data 2012, cervical cancer in Indonesia was in 2nd rank of cancer incidence for women in Indonesia. Aim: To raise public awareness toward cervical cancer and to increase the number of citizens who go through the early detection procedure of cervical cancer in Jakarta. Strategy/Tactics: In January 2017, Department of Health of Special Capital Region of Jakarta issued a new policy to increase the rate of cervical cancer screening in the city. The new policy includes: 1. A new reporting system in which all the patients who are subjected to cervical cancer screening to be recorded in a special form, so it can be well reported and traced. 2. The changes in the conventional way of cervical cancer screening in primary health centers into mobile service to make the medical staffs able to easily reach patients who live in peripheral areas in Jakarta. Program/Policy process: The enhancement of health education on cervical cancer and health promotion regarding the importance of cervical cancer screening using public transportation (Transjakarta bus), Papanicolaou test, and VIA test socialization in primary health centers. The results were obtained and assessed between January 2017-December 2017. Early detection rates were expected to increase by 50% compared with 2016. Outcomes: The results obtained include: 1. The new reporting system works as expected, tracing the patient with a positive VIA value becomes easier to monitor. 2. Medical teams are more active on introducing the early detection cervical cancer screening to society. 3. Various innovations were carried out, among others, by using public transportation, motorcycles to carry the medical tools and devices, a modified car that is equipped with mobile health services, and a house of citizens and the community hall that were turned into a place for examination. The number of people who have started to realize to do early detection after being educated with the knowledge of VIA test and cervical cancer is increased. The number of citizens who joined the cervical cancer early detection in 2016 was 48,960. After the policy and innovation was applied, the number increased into 105,060 citizens (increased by 114% from the previous year). What was learned: The increase of early detection rate of cervical cancer is quite significant from the previous year. For patients with positive result in their VIA test, cryotherapy was included as the part of treatment and follow-up. Costs incurred due to the treatment of cervical cancer can be reduced. With the result of this study, we can learn that there is an improvement in the quality of health services so that the number of deaths and morbidity from cervical cancer in Jakarta can be reduced.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Niyodusenga, Alphonse, Emile Musoni, and Sarah Niyonsaba. "Comparative study of Pap smear test and VIA test in cervical carcinoma screening among women aged over 20 years." Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 3, no. 1 (2020): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjmhs.v3i1.4.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective To compare the performance of VIA and Pap smear tests as screening tools in cervical carcinoma detection in women. Methods The prospective and retrospective study was conducted on 198 women. Cervical smears were collected with Ayres’s spatula. Acetic acid was used and the results were categorized as VIA positive and VIA negative. The Pap smear was reported according to the Bethesda system 2001. Cervical biopsy was done for all the cases. Results VIA was positive in 47.47% of the cases and Pap smear was positive in 39.89% of the cases. Among 198 cases, 61 (30, 8%) cases had cervical carcinoma. When we compared VIA and Pap smear tests, 94 cases were positive to VIA, and 61cases were confirmed positive with Pap smear. The sensitivity and specificity for VIA were 88.5% and 84.68%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for Pap smear were 80.45% and 91.89%, respectively. The sensitivity of VIA was higher than that of Pap smear. However, the specificity of VIA was low as compared to Pap smear. Conclusion VIA is a cost effective test and could be alternatively used with Pap smear in screening of cervical carcinoma but the Papanicolaou test is the most effective test for early detection of cervical carcinoma. Keywords: Pap smear test; VIA test; cervical carcinoma; women

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kan, Yuen-Yee, Yu-Ligh Liou, Huei-Jen Wang, et al. "ATL." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 24, no. 5 (2014): 928–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000155.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectivesDNA methylation is a potential biomarker for early cancer detection. Previous studies suggested that the methylations of several genes are promising markers for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia at grade III or worse (CIN3+). The purpose of the present study was to explore the feasibility of these DNA methylation testing in cervical cancer screening.MethodsA total of 443 women were recruited from the Yuan’s General Hospital. Cervical scrapings were collected for Papanicolaou (Pap) test by using cervical brushes, and the cytological data were used for analysis. The residual cells on the brush were preserved in phosphate-buffered saline solution at 4°C until DNA extraction. Then, the extracted DNA were used for molecular tests, which included human papillomavirus typing and quantification of the methylation levels for PAX1, SOX1, and NKX6-1 genes. Subjects who had abnormal Pap test results underwent colposcopy or biopsy with subsequent conization or major surgery when biopsy results revealed CIN2+. The final diagnosis for this group was confirmed by colposcopy or pathological examination. The study was approved by the institutional review board of Yuan’s General Hospital, and all the molecular tests were performed by ISO17025 certified laboratories.ResultsThe sensitivity of PAX1m and SOX1m was greater than 80%, and the specificity of PAX1m and NXK6-1m was greater than 80% for the detection of CIN3+ lesions. PAX1m detection alone had a sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 85%, respectively, whereas when used as a cotest with the Pap test, the sensitivity and specificity were 89% and 83%, respectively.ConclusionsPAX1m showed great potential as a biomarker for cervical cancer screening. When incorporating PAX1m detection into current screening protocol, the efficacy of screening could be greatly improved. Moreover, unnecessary referral for colposcopy and biopsy could be reduced up to 60%. However, prospective population-based studies are necessary for further implementation of this screening program.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Jung, Leonard, Gilbert Georg Klamminger, Bert Bier, and Elke Eltze. "From Satirical Poems and Invisible Poisons to Radical Surgery and Organized Cervical Cancer Screening—A Historical Outline of Cervical Carcinoma and Its Relation to HPV Infection." Life 14, no. 3 (2024): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life14030307.

Full text

Abstract:

Over the last century, the narrative of cervical cancer history has become intricately tied to virus research, particularly the human papillomavirus (HPV) since the 1970s. The unequivocal proof of HPV’s causal role in cervical cancer has placed its detection at the heart of early screening programs across numerous countries. From a historical perspective, sexually transmitted genital warts have been already documented in ancient Latin literature; the remarkable symptoms and clinical descriptions of progressed cervical cancer can be traced back to Hippocrates and classical Greece. However, in the new era of medicine, it was not until the diagnostic–pathological accomplishments of Aurel Babeş and George Nicolas Papanicolaou, as well as the surgical accomplishments of Ernst Wertheim and Joe Vincent Meigs, that the prognosis and prevention of cervical carcinoma were significantly improved. Future developments will likely include extended primary prevention efforts consisting of better global access to vaccination programs as well as adapted methods for screening for precursor lesions, like the use of self-sampling HPV-tests. Furthermore, they may also advantageously involve additional novel diagnostic methods that could allow for both an unbiased approach to tissue diagnostics and the use of artificial-intelligence-based tools to support decision making.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!