Journal articles: 'Papaya seeds'

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WARDANI, FITRI FATMA, DARDA EFENDI, DINY DINARTI, and Joko Ridho Witono. "Cryopreservation of papaya seeds cv. Sukma, Callina, and Caliso: Effect of loading treatment and immersion time in plant vitrification solution-2." Nusantara Bioscience 11, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n110112.

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Abstract. Wardani FF, Efendi D, Dinarti D, Witono JR. 2019. Cryopreservation of papaya seeds cv. Sukma, Callina, and Caliso: Effect of loading treatment and immersion time in plant vitrification solution-2. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 71-78. Sukma, Callina, and Caliso are papaya cultivars released by the Center for Tropical Horticulture Studies, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. In general, papaya seeds cannot be stored for a long time with a conventional GenBank storage system, even though some of them consider as “orthodox” class of seed. Cryopreservation, storage at an ultra-low temperature (-196 0C) of liquid nitrogen, could be possible for long-term storage of papaya seeds. The experiment conducted to get the necessary of loading treatment and the best immersion time in PVS2 for cryopreservation of papaya seeds cv. Sukma, Callina, and Caliso, so they still had considerable viability. We conducted experiment as factorial in completely randomized design, with the first factor was loading treatment with two levels (with and without loading treatment), and the second factor was immersion time in PVS2 with three levels (15, 30 and 45 min). So, there was six treatment and we used 50 seeds for each treatment. Results showed that the three papaya cultivars gave different responses to the treatment before cryopreservation proved that papayas seed had different characteristics, depending on genotype. For papaya seeds cv. Sukma, loading treatment was not needed and the best immersion time in PVS2 was 15 min. The viability of papaya seeds cv. Callina was low, so we should try another treatment before cryopreservation. For papaya seeds cv. Caliso, loading treatment was needed and the best immersion time in PVS2 was 30 min.

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Marfo, E. K., O. L. Oke, and O. A. Afolabi. "Chemical composition of papaya (Carica papaya) seeds." Food Chemistry 22, no. 4 (January 1986): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(86)90084-1.

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Efendi, Darda, and Mirza R. Putra. "Optimation of In vitro Lateral Shoots Multiplication of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) “Callina” with BAP and NAA." Journal of Tropical Crop Science 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2017): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.4.3.102-107.

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Papaya is a popular fruit and is grown commercially in many subtropical and tropical countries. Papayas are generally grown from seeds; therefore the offsprings are not true-to-type and could come in three sexes, female, male, and hermaphrodite. Clonal propagation is required to obtain to grow true-to-type hermaphrodite papayas. In this research, we developed an in vitro protocol for shoot multiplication from lateral shoots from in vitro germinated papaya seedlings. The in vitro propagated plant materials could potentially be used as a source of papaya micro cuttings, or as scion for papaya grafting. The experiment was set up as a factorial experiment with NAA at 0, 0.1 and 0.5 mg.L-1, and BAP at 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg.L-1 in a completely randomized block design. BAP interacted with NAA in affecting the shoot production per explant. The optimum BAP and NAA concentration to produce lateral shoots was 0.54 mg. L-1 and 0.1 mg.L-1, respectively. Media without NAA reduced the number of lateral shoots and number of leaf per explant at any BAP concentration.Keywords: hermaphrodite, seeds, true to type, clonal propagation, micro cuttings.

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Mosolov, Vladimir V., Alla V. Zymatcheva, and Elena V. Ievleva. "Cysteine proteinase inhibitor from papaya (Carica papaya L.) Seeds." Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen 187, no. 3 (January 1991): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-3796(11)80103-4.

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Jesus, Valquíria Aparecida Mendes de, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Antônio Augusto Neves, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias, and Roberto Ferreira da Silva. "Ratio of seeds and sodium hypochlorite solution on the germination process of papaya seeds." Journal of Seed Science 38, no. 1 (March 8, 2016): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v38n1151150.

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Abstract: Sarcotesta, a mucilaginous layer found in papaya seeds, negatively affects the germination of papaya seeds and its removal has been manually performed. The use of sodium hypochlorite can be an alternative to manual removal of sarcotesta in papaya seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different active chlorine concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) during 24 hours of immersion, in different proportions (10:200, 50:200, 100:200, 200:200, 300:200, 400:200, 500:200 and 600:200) of seeds number and solution volume (mL) to identify the best combination for an effective remotion of sarcotesta to improve the germination process. Germination test and first count were performed. A completely randomized design with four replications was used. Regression analysis was performed for quantitative variables with significant effect by F-test at 5% probability. Papaya seeds immersion in the ratio of 10 seeds per 200 mL of NaOCl solution (10:200, i.e. 20 mL of solution per seed), at a 2% sodium hypochlorite concentration during 24 hours of imbibition, can be used as an alternative for sarcotesta remotion for freshly harvested papaya seeds, because besides the effective remotion of sarcotesta, this technique improves the germination process.

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Hidayati, Tita Kosima, Yasmiwar Susilawati, and Ahmad Muhtadi. "KEGIATAN FARMAKOLOGIS DARI BERBAGAI BAGIAN Carica papaya Linn. EKSTRAK: BUAH, DAUN, BENIH, UAP, KULIT DAN AKAR." Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia 2, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 211–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33759/jrki.v2i3.97.

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Carica papaya (Caricaceae) Linn. (CP) is a popular tropical plant which provide a huge benefit. The fruit is either delicious and healthy while other parts have a great potential medicinal properties. CP are classified as plants that have anti-microbial activity, anti oxidant, anti malaria, anti-ulcer, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-hypertension, anti-fertility, anti-fungal and anti diabetic. Pharmacological activity of papaya plants related to the content of phytochemical compounds of alkaloid, flavonoid , tannin, saponin, enzyme: papain and chymopapain. These phytochemical content have been found in the young leaf, stem bark, dry seeds. Papaya leaf reveal more pharmacologycal activities because that have wide variety of phytochemical contents. In this review will be studied pharmacologycal activities of Carica papaya Linn. extract that obtained from fruit, leaf, seeds, stem bark and root. Besides, their various phytochemical contents are also described.

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Khan, Shafiya, Anand P. Tyagi, and Anjeela Jokhan. "Sex Ratio in Hawaiian Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Variety ‘Solo’." South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 20, no. 1 (2002): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sp02005.

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Fruits from hermaphrodite Hawaiian varieties are of medium size and preferred by consumers all over the world. Seeds obtained from the fruits of selfed hermaphrodite plants produce almost two third hermaphrodite plants and one-third pistillate plants. These plants can not be identified before the onset of flowering. However, there are conflicting reports in scientific literature on sex ratios obtained from selfed seeds from fruits of hermaphrodite plants. Sex ratios of hermaphrodite, pistillate and staminate plants were determined using seeds from selfed hermaphrodite fruits of a Hawaiian papaya (Carica papaya) variety ?solo?. Bagging flowers on hermaphrodite plants during flowering season to avoid contamination from foreign pollen produced self-seeds. Seeds from fruits of many bagged hermaphrodite flowers were pooled together and grown in large plots. A total of 2633 plants were grown and evaluated for their specific sex at the onset of flowering. Of these 1838 were counted as hermaphrodite, 783 pistillate and only 12 staminate plants. This gave a ratio of 2.34 hermaphrodite plants : 1: pistillate plants ignoring 12 staminate plants. This obtained ratio is in disagreement with earlier reported ratio of 2 hermaphrodite plants : 1 pistillate : 1 non-viable zygotes. However, no viable male progeny was reported from hermaphrodite selfed seeds in earlier studies. One of the explanations for the observed changed ratio could be biased seed selection from the seed lot used for planting.

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Sengupta, Rupa, and Jayanta Banik. "COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON ANTHELMINTIC POTENTIAL OF CUCURBITA MAXIMA (PUMPKIN) SEEDS AND CARICA PAPAYA (PAPAYA) SEEDS." International journal of Research in Ayurveda & Pharmacy 4, no. 4 (August 26, 2013): 530–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.04415.

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Xuan Thu, Nguyen Thi, and Dang Duc Long. "Screening of antihyperglycaemic activity of medicinal plant extracts instreptozocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 17, no. 4 (November 2, 2020): 611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/17/4/13714.

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Traditional plant used for treatment of diabetes has shown a surging interest in the last few decades. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of 70% (v/v) ethanolic extracts of several untested herbal sources, such as papaya leaves, papaya seeds, fig fruits, fruits of Xanthium strumarium, and leaves of Gomphrena celosioides on blood glucose levels of streptozocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice. The results proved that diabetic mice treated with the extracts of papaya seeds, papaya leaves and fig fruits showed significant reduction of the blood glucose levels at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight when compared to control. Antihyperglycemic activity of the papaya leaves (52.38%) and papaya seeds extracts (53.16%) were significantly higher than the extract of fig fruits (27.90%). Furthermore, the α-amylase inhibition assay showed that the extracts of papaya seeds (58,63 ± 0,06 μg/ml), papaya leaves (34,28 ± 0,06 μg/mL) and fig fruits (79,24 ± 0,83 μg/mL) exhibited 50% α-amylase inhibition activity at the mentioned concentrations. The α-glucosidase IC50 of the extracts of the papaya seeds, papaya leaves and fig fruits were found to be 24.36 ± 0,29, 27,60 ± 0,43 and 106,44 ± 1,54 respectively. The results of the study indicate the potential of these extracts to manage hyperglycemia. The histopathological study of the papaya seeds extract has shown to ameliorate the streptozocin-induced histological damage of islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.

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Azhari, Azhari, Nilva Mutia, and Ishak Ishak. "PROSES EKSTRAKSI MINYAK DARI BIJI PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT n-HEKSANA." Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 9, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/jtku.v9i1.3073.

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Papaya is the most beneficial fruit for human health. In addition to the fruit that can be consumed, it turns out papaya seeds can also be used. In addition to the seeds used to be planted as well as only being waste, oil can also be obtained from papaya seeds. One method for obtaining papaya seed oil is a method of extracting heat (requires installation in the process), in general the notion of reflux is extraction with a solvent at its boiling temperature point, for a certain time and the amount of solvent adjusted to air temperature. In this research, papaya seed extraction was carried out, percent yield analysis was carried out, and heavy type analysis of papaya seed oil extraction was carried out. The purpose of this study was to study the variation in extraction time of papaya seeds with solvents on the yield of oil produced. This research was carried out by reacting papaya seeds with hexane solvents at 65 ℃. Where the weight of papaya seeds is 50 gr, and the volume of solvents varied by 300 ml, 400 ml, and 500 ml and the reaction time is 120 minutes, 150 minutes, and 180 minutes. The results showed that the largest papaya seed oil was 34.2% at a volume of 500 ml solvent for 180 minutes and a high density of 0.87 gr / ml at a volume of 500 ml solvent for 180 minutes.Keywords: Extraction, hexane, papaya seed oil, reflux

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Wiryawan, Reryd Arindany, Reny I'tishom, and Sri Purwaningsih. "PAPAYA SEED EXTRACT LOWERS SPERM CONCENTRATIONS, MOTILITY AND VIABILITY IN MALE MICE." Folia Medica Indonesiana 51, no. 4 (November 15, 2016): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/fmi.v51i4.2855.

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Indonesia is a developing country with a dense population, so the government carry on KB (Family Planning) program in which the targets are mostly women. Contraceptives are intended for women are birth control pills and IUD (Intra Uterine Device), whereas until now the contraceptive for men who are considered well-established are condom and vasectomy. Thus, the development of herbal medicine, which is cheap and affordable, makes it possible to be consumed in a long term with less meaningful side effects. Papaya seeds (Carica papaya) is one of the many plants used by communities to eradicate intestinal worms, menstrual laxative, and abortivum. Empirically papaya fruit, leaves, and seeds of papaya also contains carpaine, an alkaloid which is used as anthelmintic. Papaya seeds, which are edible and spicy in India are used for contraception. Alkaloid content in seeds of papaya can be antifertility herbal plants for males that can be measured from the quality of spermatozoa. Alkaloid compounds contained in papaya seeds can disrupt the hormone testosterone, which would interfere the sperm quality, making papaya seed potential to become a candidate for contraceptive.

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Beg, Obaid, Rafat Siddiqui, Haiwen Li, and Reza Rafie. "Characterization of Green and Yellow Papaya for Antioxidation and Glucose Uptake Stimulatory Activity in HepG2 Liver Cells." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa052_008.

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Abstract Objectives The long-term objective of present research is to evaluate papaya for anti-diabetic properties. The current objectives were (1) To determine polyphenolic contents and antioxidation activity of leaves, skin, pulp, and seeds of green and yellow papaya and (2) to evaluate their effects on glucose uptake in HepG2 liver cells. Methods The leaves, skin, pulp, and seeds samples were freeze dried and then extracted in water or 80% Methanol. The total phenolic contents of each extracted sample was determined using the Folin- Ciocalteu method. The antioxidation activity in each sample was determined using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric ion reducing antioxidation power (FRAP) assays. Effect of each fraction on glucose uptake was determined using a fluorescent-tagged NBD-Glucose derivative. Results The concertation of polyphenols was highest in both water and methanol extracts of seeds from yellow papaya compared to that in seeds from green papaya. Leaves and skin fractions contained modest concentration of polyphenols whereas pulp contained the lowest concentration of polyphenols. FRAP assay indicates that both water and methanol extracts of leaves, skin, pulp, and seeds from yellow papaya exhibited higher antioxidation activity compared to that of green papaya. A similar antioxidation activity pattern was observed by DPPH assay. Leaves and skin from both green and yellow papaya showed modest to high antioxidation activity whereas pulp from both green and yellow papaya contained a low antioxidation activity. In contrast, green papaya extracts significantly stimulated glucose uptake in HepG2 liver cells compared to that of yellow papaya extracts. Both water and methanol extract of pulp from green papaya showed the greatest stimulation of glucose uptake followed by leaves and skin. Conclusions Although the seeds from yellow papaya contained highest concentration of polyphenols and exhibited highest antioxidation activity, pulp from green papaya showed significantly higher stimulation of glucose uptake in liver cells. Our data indicates that polyphenolic content and/or antioxidation activity in papaya may not be related to their glucose uptake stimulatory activity in liver cells. This study concludes that regular consumption of green papaya may be beneficial for preventing diabetes. Funding Sources Capacity Building Grant, USDA.

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Iskandar, Iwan, Hevi Horiza, and Nanang Fauzi. "EFEKTIVITAS BUBUK BIJI PEPAYA (Carica Papaya Linnaeaus) SEBAGAI LARVASIDA ALAMI TERHADAP KEMATIAN LARVA AEDES AEGYPTY TAHUN 2015." EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA 18, no. 01 (April 28, 2017): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/eksakta/vol18-iss01/12.

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Papaya seeds are excellent to be used as a repellent larvae of Aedes aegypti because of the toxins contained in papaya seeds called alkaloid karpaina. The research objective was to determine the effectiveness of papaya seeds powder as Aedes aegypti larvicides. This type of research is True Experiment with Posttest Only Control Group research design, using five treatments (4 grams, 8 grams, 12 grams, 16 grams and 20 grams) and one control. Objects that are used as many as 600 larvaes of Aedes aegypti. If the papaya seeds powder in a simple processsuch as drying and grinding. Each treatment contains 50 larvaes and by doing 2 times repeatedly. The results of data analysis on the number of dead larvaes at a dose trending dead at the lowest possible total percentage of 22% at a dose of 4 grams and the highest percentage of 97% at a dose of 20 grams. The analysis result of one-way ANOVA for the number of differences in the number of dead larvaes, with the value obtained sig. = 0.000, so that ? <? (0.05) means that there is a significant influence on differences in doses of papaya seeds powder solution used against the death of Aedes aegypti larvaes. The control of Aedes aegypti larvaes using papaya seeds powder can be done by puttingthe powder of papaya seeds as much as 20 grams per 10 liters of water for 24 hours of treatment.

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Saputra, Agus, Dewi Fesbayati Lestari Djungu, and Emerlinda P. Gelalan. "Aktivitas Larvasidal Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya) dan Daun Mindi (Mella Azedarach)." JURNAL KAJIAN VETERINER 7, no. 1 (June 11, 2019): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/jkv.v7i1.869.

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Helminthiasis is an adverse disease. This disease is caused by parasites such as trematodes, cestodes, and nematodes. The search for bioactive compounds from various plants that have anthelmintic activity is carried out by various researchers. Papaya seeds and mindi leaf have been known as a good plants for health. Various studies shown that extracts water, ethanol and chloroform have activity for antimicrobial, antilipidemia, antidiabetic and antiparasitic. In this study the extraction of secondary metabolites from mindi leaf and papaya seeds was carried out for larvicidal activity. From the results of extraction with ethanol, the yields of mindi leaf and papaya seeds were obtained 19.97% and 12.97% respectively. Phytochemical analysis shows that both extracts have the same class of compounds tannins, saponins, phenolhydroquinones, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The difference is in the concentration of tannin and saponin mindi leaf higher than papaya seeds. In testing larvicidal activity, the extract of mindi leaf had a stronger activity compared to papaya seeds. Extract mindi leaf 15% has the strongest activity of killing larvae at ± 25 minutes. This activity is stronger than extract papaya seed 15% which is ± 125 minutes or with albendazole 0.03%, ± 46 minutes

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Hasanah, Waqiatul, and Dr Dra Sukarjati M.Kes. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA (Carica Papaya L.) DAN EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta Indica A. Juss)DAN CAMPURAN EKSTRAK BIJI PEPAYA DAN EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA TERHADAP KUALITAS SPERMATZOA MENCIT (Mus Musculus)." WAHANA 67, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/wahana.v67i2.503.

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Seeds of papaya (Carica Papaya L.) and leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is an herbal plant. In papaya seeds contain of alkaloids, Papain, tannins, saponins, Triterpenoid, Flavonoids. On the part of Neem leaves contain tannins, Saponins, Triterpenoid, Flavonoids. These compounds are compounds that function as antifertility for men. This has led the authors to conduct research on the effect of seed extract of papaya (Carica Papaya L.) and the leaf extract of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on the quality of spermatozoa of mice (Mus muscullus). The Samples were as many as 21 mice sperm tails with a weight of 20-30 grams, 2-3 months old. Mice divided in the 3 groups, each group was divided 7 treatments. The treatment given is control, papaya seed extract, neem leaf extract and a combination of both papaya seed extract and neem leaves with a concentration of 0 mg/kg bw, 50 mg/kg bw and 100 mg/kg bw 50:50 mg/kg bw, 100: 100 mg/kg bw. 35 days for extract. On day 37 mice in surgery for cauda epididymis were taken for observation of the quality of spermatozoa of mice. This study was an experimental study using randomized block design (RAK). The Observation of the quality of spermatozoa includes motility, viability, and morphology of spermatozoa concentration by using a microscope. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) One Way. The results of this study showed that there is effect of papaya seed extract and neem leaf extract and a combination of both papaya seed extract and neem leaf on motility (P <0.05), viability (P <0.05), morphology (P <0.05) and sperm concentration (P <0.05). The results of this study concluded that neem leaf extract at a concentration of 100 mg/kg bw is the optimal treatment in reducing the viability of spermatozoa of mice. Extracts combination of papaya seeds and leaves of neem with a concentration of 100 mg/kg bw is the optimal treatment in reducing the motility and concentration of spermatozoa of mice. Papaya seed extract at a concentration of 100 mg/kg bw optimal in reducing the number of normal sperm in mice. Keywords: papaya seed extract (Carica Papaya L.), Neem Leaf Extract (Azadiracta indica A. Juss), the quality of spermatozoa of mice (Mus muscullus)

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Amran, Amir Hariz, Nur Syamimi Zaidi, Khalida Muda, Muhammad Burhanuddin Bahrodin, and Wai Loan Liew. "Deshelled Carica papaya Seeds as Natural Coagulant for Improvement Quality of River Water." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 1521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5006-02.

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This study evaluated the efficiency of deshelled papaya seeds as the natural coagulant in improving quality of river water. The deshelled papaya seeds biomass was mainly characterized for functional groups using FTIR, surface charge and protein content. Coagulation and flocculation tests were conducted using batch test for various dosages and pH values. The optimum dosage and pH were then tested in treating river of Class III to Class V. The functional groups in deshelled papaya seeds were O-H, C=O and C-O groups. The surface charge and protein content was +0.4 meq/g and 363 mg/g, respectively. The deshelled papaya seeds coagulant was able to remove turbidity up to 87.6 and 88.3% for river of Class III and Class IV, respectively, as well as 57.6 and 62.1% of total coliform and escherichia coli, respectively, from Class III river at dosage 196 mg/L and pH 4. This study demonstrated that the deshelled Carica papaya seeds-derived coagulant is capable in treating common pollutants of river and simultaneously shows antibacterial properties.

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Noflindawati, Noflindawati, Tri Budiyanti, and Dewi Fatria. "KERAGAMAN VIABILITAS BENIH 20 GENOTIPE PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.)." JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI 8, no. 1 (November 2, 2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/ja.v7i2.3356.

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Germination problems in the commerce in general are the seeds will experience a period save on condition of sub optium.The seeds that have high viability and vigor which is expected to be passed on to seed derivatives that are genetically seed quality can be maintained. The study aims to determine the diversity of physiological seed quality of 20 genotypes of papaya collection Tropical Fruit Research Institute. Research conducted at the KP Sumani Balitbu Tropika 2015. Materials: 20 genotype papaya seeds. Research using a randomized block design with three replications treatment of 20 genotypes of papaya. Results of the study showed germination of 20 genotypes of papaya tested ranged from 33-93%, vigor index among 11-81%, the maximum growth potential of among 16-100%, and the plant fresh weight ranges from 0.5 - 15 g. Genetic diversity germination, the seeds of papaya is very high. Characters germination, vigor index and wet weights, the character is inherited as too high the heritability

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Junior, João Luciano de Andrade Melo, Luan Danilo Ferreira de Andrade Melo, Leila de Paula Rezende, Vilma Marques Ferreira, João Correia de Araújo Neto, Vinicius Santos Gomes da Silva, Reinaldo de Alencar Paes, Lívia Francyne Gomes Chaves, Priscila Cordeiro Souto, and Rafael José Navas da Silva. "Physiological maturation and postharvest resting of papaya fruits and seeds in agroecological transition." June 2019, no. 13(06) 2019 (June 20, 2019): 995–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.06.p1799.

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This study aimed to characterize the maturation stages of the papaya fruits and to evaluate the physiological quality of papaya seeds produced in an agroforestry system as a function of postharvest maturation. Papaya fruits were used (Carica papaya L.) from two groups, Formosa Tainung 1 and Solo Sunrise Solo, harvested at maturation stage I (up to 15% of the yellow bark). The seeds were obtained, without sarcotesta: soon after harvest (T1); 14 days after standing at room temperature (T2); and 14 days after standing at 10 °C (T3). The variables analyzed included: germination, first count, speed, and mean germination time and length of seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 × 3 factorial scheme (2 groups and 3 rest periods), with 4 replicates of 50 seeds for each treatment. The papaya fruits produced maximum germinating seed in a less average time at room temperature and maturation stage V and the final stage (76%–100% of the yellow bark), allowing maximum number of seedlings with greater vigor. Fruits in stage I impaired the physiological quality of the seeds. The agroecological production presented a systemic approach in the management of papaya.

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Wood, Christopher B., Hugh W. Pritchard, and Dilip Amritphale. "Desiccation-induced dormancy in papaya (Carica papayaL.) seeds is alleviated by heat shock." Seed Science Research 10, no. 2 (June 2000): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500000143.

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AbstractThe effects of desiccation and temperature on the germination capabilityof Carica papayaL. were investigated for seeds extracted from three commercial fruit batches. More than 50% of freshly isolated, cleaned (sarcotesta removed) but undried seeds germinated at 26°C. However, desiccation to approx. 20%seed RH reduced germination at this temperature to < 10%. A substantial increase in germination at alternating temperatures (33/19°C) indicated that desiccation induced seed dormancy rather than viability loss. Dormancy could be removed in a large proportion of the population by the application of a single heat shock to rehydrated seeds for 4 h at 36°C, with subsequent return to 26°C for germination. Longer (days) and shorter (minutes) periods of heat shock were less effective for releasing dormancy. Heat shock was generally applied 5 or 14 d after rehydration had started, but the treatment was equally effective after imbibition for only 1 d. Light was always applied during both imbibition and the post-heat shock treatment, but was not essential during the actual heat shock treatment. Rehydration and post-heat shock temperature treatments in the range of 16°C to 36°C revealed the same optima of 26°C. Dormancy was re-imposed in heat-shocked seeds when they were subsequently dried to seed relative humidities of 25 to 75%(5 to 11% moisture content [fresh weight basis]), but this state could be removed by a further heat shock. The longer heat-shocked seeds were held on agar-water at 26°C prior to re-drying, the greater the level of desiccation intolerance.

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Idoko, Joy Ejemen, Bukola Mary Atere, and Raphael Abiodun Adebayo. "Assessment of Insecticidal Properties of Products From Seeds of Carica papaya Against Callosobruchus Maculatus (Fabricius)." Journal of Agricultural Studies 5, no. 4 (September 12, 2018): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v6i3.13645.

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Powder and ash of Carica papaya seed extracted from riped and unriped C. papaya fruits obtained from Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Technology, Akure were evaluated for their insecticidal potential against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) at application rates of 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0g per 20g of cowpea seeds. The experiment was carried out at the pest management laboratory of the Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management under ambient laboratory conditions of 27±20C temperature and 70±5% relative humidity. Each treatment was infested with 5 pairs of C. maculatus. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design with each treatment replicated three times. Mortality of cowpea beetles were assessed at 24, 48 and 72hours post treatment. Thereafter data were collected on oviposition, adult emergence, weevil perforation index and seed germination. The results obtained indicated that adult mortality of C. maculatus increased with increasing application rates of powders and ashes of ripe and unripe C. papaya seeds. 100% mortality was observed on cowpea seeds treated with powders and ashes of unripe C. papaya seed at 0.8 and 1.0g application rates at 72hours post treatment. Powders and ashes of unripe C. papaya seed significantly reduced the oviposition potential of adult C. maculatus and caused significant reduction of damaged seeds. Highest number of seeds that germinated was recorded on the seeds treated with powders and ashes of unripe C. papaya seed at 0.8 and 1.0g application rates.

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Bhattacharya, J., and S. S. Khuspe. "In vitro and in vivo germination of papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds." Scientia Horticulturae 91, no. 1-2 (November 2001): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4238(01)00237-0.

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Fitri Noor Inaya, Ade, Kismiyati Kismiyati, and Sri Subekti. "Pengaruh Perasan Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya) terhadap Kerusakan Telur Argulus japonicus [The Influence of Papaya Seed (Carica papaya) Toward The Damage Eggs of Argulus japonicus]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 7, no. 2 (January 13, 2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v7i2.11200.

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Abstract Argulus japonicus being parasite with blood sucking the host, do infestations by piercing the skin of the host through a maxillule and preoral stylet. The infestation causes ulceration and bleeding, thus giving access to secondary infection by bacteria, fungi, viruses, and causes death. The act of controlling against Argulus japonicus can be done by reduce in population which began in eggs stadium. Control over A.japonicus can use natural insecticide that is papaya seeds. Papaya seeds contain the active substance that are saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids which act as a natural insecticide. The research design was a completely randomized design with a treatment that were 0 ppt, 70 ppt, 80 ppt, 90 ppt, 100 ppt, and five replications. Data were analyzed by using analysis variance (ANAVA). The results showed that the juice of papaya seeds affect the egg damage of Argulus japonicus. Concentration of 100 ppt juice of papaya seeds can broken A. japonicus eggs with the largest percentage is 100%. Concentration of 90 ppt that percentage of eggs of A. japonicus were damaged by 83%, 74,25% of 80 ppt concentration, 59% of 70 ppt concentration, and 0% of control. Optimal concentration of papaya seeds which resulted in the amount of damage more than 50% of Argulus japonicus eggs is 80 ppt.

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Ayu Lestari, Anggun Rahmi, Sari Anggraini Syahfitri, Sofi Tri Cahyo, Isna Wardaniati, and Muhammad Azhari Herli. "AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI SEDUHAN BIJI PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L) TERHADAP ESCHERICHIA COLI, SALMONELLA THYPI DAN STAPHLYCOCUS AUREUS." JOPS (Journal Of Pharmacy and Science) 1, no. 2 (June 27, 2018): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36341/jops.v1i2.493.

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Papaya (Carica papaya L) is a very popular and important fruit in the tropical part where as a nutritious plant that can cure diseases. every part of papaya plants can be utilized start, roots, stems, leaves, fruit and even seeds of fruit. Traditionally papaya seeds can be used as a roundworm drug indigestion, diarrhea, skin diseases, colds, and as a source to get oil with fatty acid content. This research uses extract and steep seeds on papaya fruit with Escherichia coli test bacteria, Salmonella typhi, and Staphlycoccus aureus. From this research we get the result of inhibitory power : Escherichia coli at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60% 80% and 100% were 8.72 mm; 9.53 mm; 10.61 mm; 10.99 mm; and 12.19 mm. Salmonella thypi at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60% 80% and 100% were 7.07 mm; 8.63 mm; 9.54 mm; 9.78 mm; and 10.16 mm. Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60% 80% and 100% was 6.4 mm; 6.8 mm; 7.8 mm; 7.9 mm; and 10.1 mm.

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Dias, Denise Cunha Fernandes Dos Santos, Wagner Tompson Estanislau, Fernando Luiz Finger, Eveline Mantovani Alvarenga, and Luiz Antônio Dos Santos Dias. "Physiological and enzymatic alterations in papaya seed during storage." Revista Brasileira de Sementes 32, no. 1 (2010): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-31222010000100017.

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This study was done to evaluate the physiological and enzymatic alterations in papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds during storage period. Seeds were extracted from mature fruits of Formosa group papaya hybrid Tainung 01. The sarcotesta was removed by rubbing the seeds on a wire screen under running water and then dried to the moisture content (MC) of 5, 8 or 11% The seeds were packed in multilayer paper bags, polyethylene bags, aluminum foil pouch and metallic canisters and stored for 15 months under laboratory conditions. Seeds were evaluated, at three month interval, for MC, germination, and the activity of acid phosphotase (AP) and malate dehyrogenase (MDH) was evaluated with the use of amide gel (12%) electrophoresis. The fresh seeds had post-harvest dormancy, which was broken after six month storage. Independent of the package type, the seeds could be stored for 12 months with 8 or 11% MC under ambient conditions. There was no association between seed deterioration and alterations in AP and MDH activity.

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Ulfa, Ninik Mas, Galuh Gondo Kusumo, and Ilil Maidatuz Zulfa. "Anealisis Uji Pendahuluan Aktivitas Antikanker Ekstrak Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya L) dengan Metode BSLT." Journal of Pharmacy and Science 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v4i1.122.

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ABSTRAKTumbuhan pepaya (carica papaya L) merupakan tumbuhan tropis yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia. Tumbuhan ini mempunyai banyak manfaatnya mulai dari buah, biji, hingga daunnya. Penelitian pendahuluan menyebutkan buah pepaya mengandung alkaloid dan flavonoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antikanker. Senyawa BenzylIsothiocyanat diketahui banyak terdapat pada biji dan buah pepaya yang sudah matang. Kandungan BenzylIsothiocyanat mempunyai khasiat sebagai antikanker. Pemanfaatan limbah biji pepaya pada penelitian ini untuk membuktikan aktivitas Benzyl-Isothiacyanat yang berkhasiat sebagai antikanker. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antikanker dari Ekstrak kental biji pepaya dengan menggunakan metode BSLT. Konsentrasi ekstrak kentak yang digunakan yaitu 100 ppm, 200 ppm dan 300 ppm masing-masing diujikan pada 10 larva udang dalam air laut. Diperoleh hasil rata-rata kematian pada konsentrasi 100 ppm adalah 4,3, 200 ppm adalah 5,3 dan 300 ppm adalah 6,7. Hasil regresi linearitas menunjukkan aktivitas antikaker pada uji BSLT dari Ekstrak kental biji pepaya dengan LC50 sebesar 163,89 ppm. Dengan demikian ekstrak kental biji pepaya tersebut berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan antikanker alamiKata kunci: Aktivitas antikanker, Carica papaya, metode BSLT.ABSTRACTPapaya plant (carica papaya L) is a tropical plant that is widely found in Indonesian. This plant has many benefits ranging from fruit, seeds, to leaves. Preliminary research says papaya fruit contains alkaloids andflavonoids which are efficacious as anticancer. Benzyl-Isothiocyanat compounds are known to be widely found in ripe papaya seeds and fruit. The content of Benzyl-Isothiocyanat has properties as an anticancer. The use of papaya seed waste in this study is to prove the activity of Benzyl-Isothiacyanat which is efficacious as an anticancer. This research is a preliminary study to analyze the anticancer activity of thick papaya seeds using the BSLT method. The concentrations of used fart extracts were 100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 ppm each tested on 10 shrimp larvae in seawater. The results of the average mortality at concentrations of 100 ppm were 4.3, 200 ppm were 5.3 and 300 ppm was 6.7. The linearity regression results showed the anticaker activity in the BSLT test from the thick extract of papaya seeds with LC50 of 163.89 ppm. Thus the thick extract of papaya seeds has the potential to be developed as a natural anticancer material.Key Words : Anticancer activity, BSLT method, Carica papaya.

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Malacrida, Cassia Roberta, Mieko Kimura, and Neuza Jorge. "Characterization of a high oleic oil extracted from papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds." Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos 31, no. 4 (December 2011): 929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-20612011000400016.

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Chielle, Daniel Padoin, Daniel Assumpção Bertuol, Lucas Meili, Eduardo Hiromitsu Tanabe, and Guilherme Luiz Dotto. "Convective drying of papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) and optimization of oil extraction." Industrial Crops and Products 85 (July 2016): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.03.010.

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Gomes, Vanessa Alves, Vicente P. Campos, Julio Carlos Pereira da Silva, Fabíola de Jesus Silva, Marcela de Freitas Silva, and Marcio Pozzobon Pedroso. "Activity of papaya seeds (Carica papaya) against Meloidogyne incognita as a soil biofumigant." Journal of Pest Science 93, no. 2 (January 18, 2020): 783–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01192-z.

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Andreoli, Claudinei, and Anwar A. Khan. "Improving Papaya Seedling Emergence by Matriconditioning and Gibberellin Treatment." HortScience 28, no. 7 (July 1993): 708–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.7.708.

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Papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds germinated poorly at 25C in the presence of gibberellin (GA4+7) or following matriconditioning at 25C for 4 days. However, a combined treatment of matriconditioning and GA4+7 for 4 days synergistically promoted germination and seedling emergence. Drying the seeds after conditioning reduced the percentage of seedling emergence in the combined treatment involving 400 μm GA4+7 only. Combining matriconditioning with 100 or 200 μm GA4+7could effectively reduce germination time and improve seedling emergence and is recommended as a standard procedure for testing papaya seed germination.

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Morales-Payan, J. P., and W. M. Stall. "Effect of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Population Densities on the Growth of Transplants of Three Papaya (Carica papaya) Cultivars." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 431E—431. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.431e.

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Nursery experiments were conducted in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, to determine the effect of increasing population densities of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) on the growth of papaya (Carica papaya) transplants. Seeds of `Sunrise Solo', `Red Lady', and `Cartagena Ombligua' were separately sown in plastic 12 × 15-cm containers filled with a 1:1 mixture of sand and loamy soil. Viable purple nutsedge tubers were planted 5 cm apart from the papaya seeds. The purple nutsedge initial population densities were 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 tubers per container. The crop and the weed were sown the same day and allowed to interfere during 6 weeks. Purple nutsedge density had a significant effect on the height, leaf area, and shoot dry weight of the three papaya cultivars. There was no significant difference in the response of the three papaya cultivars to purple nutsedge densities. In general, as purple nutsedge density increased, papaya growth decreased. Nutsedge interference caused papaya shoot dry weight losses of 15% at the density of one plant per container and 73% at six plants per container.

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SILVA, K. S., J. T. ROMERO, and M. A. MAURO. "SORPTION ISOTHERMS AND THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF SEED FRUITS USED TO OBTAIN VEGETABLE OIL." Latin American Applied Research - An international journal 45, no. 1 (January 30, 2015): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2015.361.

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Sorption isotherms of papaya, melon and grape seeds were determined and thermodynamic properties compared. The experiments were carried out at different temperature using the gravimetric method. The Henderson and GAB models were the best which represented the experimental data. Papaya and grape seeds are more stable with larger moisture content than melon seeds at 30°C. Grape seeds presented more resistance to lose water during the dehydration. The differential enthalpy and entropy decreased with increasing moisture content and satisfied the compensation theory. It was found that the sorption process investigated was enthalpy-driven.

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Weber, Caroline Trevisan, Gabriela Carvalho Collazzo, Marcio Antonio Mazutti, Edson Luiz Foletto, and Guilherme Luiz Dotto. "Removal of hazardous pharmaceutical dyes by adsorption onto papaya seeds." Water Science and Technology 70, no. 1 (April 23, 2014): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.200.

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Papaya (Carica papaya L.) seeds were used as adsorbent to remove toxic pharmaceutical dyes (tartrazine and amaranth) from aqueous solutions, in order to extend application range. The effects of pH, initial dye concentration, contact time and temperature were investigated. The kinetic data were evaluated by the pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order and Elovich models. The equilibrium was evaluated by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. It was found that adsorption favored a pH of 2.5, temperature of 298 K and equilibrium was attained at 180–200 min. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo second-order model, and the equilibrium was well represented by the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities were 51.0 and 37.4 mg g−1 for tartrazine and amaranth, respectively. These results revealed that papaya seeds can be used as an alternative adsorbent to remove pharmaceutical dyes from aqueous solutions.

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Julaeha, Euis, Yunita Permatasari, Tri Mayanti, and Ajeng Diantini. "Antifertility Compound from the Seeds of Carica papaya." Procedia Chemistry 17 (2015): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2015.12.135.

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Jesus, Valquíria Aparecida Mendes de, Eduardo Fontes Araújo, Fábio Lúcio Santos, Eduardo Alves, and Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias. "Sodium hypochlorite for sarcotesta remotion from papaya seeds: anatomical studies." Journal of Seed Science 37, no. 4 (December 2015): 228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v37n4153890.

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Although papaya world production is high, the integument of papaya seeds, called sarcotesta, is an obstacle in the seedling production process. The aim of this work was to develop techniques to facilitate the removal of papaya seed sarcotesta for seedlings production. For that, two assays were developed. For the first one, the seeds were immersed in different concentrations of active chlorine (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) at ratio 600:200 seeds/mL of solution, respectively, besides the study of intact seeds and seeds subjected to the sieve method + stagnant water. For the second one, the seeds were immersed in active chlorine 2% in different ratios (10: 200; 200: 200; 400: 200 and 600: 200), and the concentration of 0% at ratio 10:200 and the sieve method + stagnant water. The effect of the treatments was evaluated by germination test and scanning electron microscopy. Sodium hypochlorite did not remove completely sarcotesta, but damaged it. In ratio 10:200 in a concentration of 2% of active chlorine for 24 hours, the embryo and the endosperm were not affected, resulting in 80% of germination, which can be an alternative to sarcotesta manual removal.

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Carvalho, Sara M. C., Salvador B. Torres, Erivanessa C. Sousa, Danielle M. M. Sousa, Kleane T. O. Pereira, Emanoela P. de Paiva, Janete R. Matias, and Brenna R. V. dos Santos. "Viability of Carica papaya L. Seeds by the Tetrazolium Test." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 2 (January 12, 2018): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n2p335.

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Germination test for papaya seeds demands thirty days to obtain the results, which is a long period for decision-making. Thus, rapid tests become essential tools to evaluate seed viability, and the tetrazolium test is an alternative for this purpose. Hence, this study aimed to establish the adequate procedure to apply this test, in order to reduce the time of evaluation of papaya seeds. For that, four tetrazolium solution concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1%) and three staining times (3, 6 and 9 hours) were tested at temperatures of 35 and 40 ºC. The experimental design was completely randomized in 4 × 3 + 1 factorial scheme (concentrations × staining times + one control = germination test). It was found that the tetrazolium test allows to evaluate the physiological quality of papaya seeds, thus reducing the time for decision-making. For the test, we recommend using the concentrations of 0.1% for 9 hours or 1% for 6 hours of staining, at temperature of 40 ºC.

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Nagao, M. A., J. M. Yoshimoto, E. B. Ho-a, F. Zee, and S. C. Furutani. "ASSESSMENT OF KNO3 PRECONDITIONING TREATMENT ON PAPAYA SEEDS AFTER EXTENDED STORAGE." HortScience 27, no. 6 (June 1992): 639c—639. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.639c.

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Extended storage studies were conducted on papaya, Carica papaya L. `Kapoho Solo', seeds to observe the effect of KNO3 preconditioning treatment when seeds were stored under ambient (25 C) and refrigerated (10 C) temperatures for 0, 2, 6, and 12 months. KN03 treated seeds maintained a constant germination percentage of 46.7 ± 2.7% throughout the 12 month period at both storage temperatures. Non-treated seeds stored at 25 C, however, had increased germination percentages (from 11 to 40% germination) after 2 months storage. Nontreated seeds stored at 10 C displayed a slower increase in germination percentages. The beneficial effects of KNO3 preconditioning treatments over nontreated seeds is observed only when seeds are sown immediately or within 2 months of storage at 25 C.

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Severiano, Rogério Luciano, Paloma Rayane Pinheiro, Francisco Guilhien Gomes Júnior, Andréa Celina Ferreira Demartelaere, and Márcio Dias Pereira. "Image analysis of papaya seeds submitted to sarcotesta removal methods." Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical 48, no. 4 (October 2018): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632018v4853699.

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ABSTRACT The germination of papaya seeds is slow and uneven, usually due to inhibitors present in the sarcotesta; however, some removal procedures may cause physical damage, negatively interfering in the physiological quality and field performance. This study aimed to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of papaya seeds submitted to methods of sarcotesta removal by image analysis. Papaya Formosa ‘Tainung 01' seeds were submitted to the following methods of sarcotesta removal: fermentation + sieve, sand + sieve, sieve and blender + sieve. After the sarcotesta removal, the seeds were submitted to tests of germination, first germination count, germination speed and seedling length. For the image analysis, the seeds without sarcotesta were submitted to the X-ray test and to a computerized analysis of seedling images by the SVIS® software. The methods used were only promising for the sarcotesta removal, while the blender + sieve method obtained the highest physical and physiological seed quality, in addition to performing the best sarcotesta removal. However, the image analysis using the SVIS® software allowed to identify the high physical and physiological seed quality using the blender + sieve method, which promoted the highest efficiency in removing the sarcotesta.

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Ellis, R. H., T. D. Hong, and E. H. Roberts. "Effect of storage temperature and moisture on the germination of papaya seeds." Seed Science Research 1, no. 1 (March 1991): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500000659.

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AbstractSeeds of papaya (Carica papaya L.) stored for 12 months at 15°C with 7.9–9.4% moisture content maintained their original germination. In contrast, many seeds stored cooler or drier lost viability, the losses occurring more rapidly at −20°C than at either 0°C or 15°C. The results are not compatible with the definitions of either orthodox or recalcitrant seed storage behaviour.

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S R, Maneesha, and Priya Devi S. "Effect of Calcium Nitrate and Potassium Nitrate Priming on Seed Germination and Seedling Vigour of Papaya (Carica papaya L.)." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 14, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.2019.v14i02.010.

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The effect of seed priming with calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2 and potassium nitrate (KNO3) on germination and seedling vigour were studied in papaya varieties. Open pollinated local (gauty) papaya seeds were soaked in Ca (NO3)2 and KNO3 solutions (10000 ppm, 15000 ppm and 20000 ppm) up to 24 hours and germination percentage and seedling characteristics were recorded. The least number of days taken for seed germination (4.33 days), the highest germination percentage (82.56 % ), the highest shoot length (14.31 cm) the highest fresh biomass (1.36 g) and dry biomass (0.174 g) were recorded in 10000 ppm Ca(NO3)2 treatment. Further, seeds of papaya varieties viz., Arka Surya, Arka Prabhat and Madhu bindhu were treated with 5000 ppm, 10000 ppm and 15000 ppm Ca (NO3)2 and observed that Arka Prabhat seeds treated with 10000 ppm Ca (NO3)2 hadtaken the least number of days for germination (4.75 days) and also the highest shoot length (25.2 cm). The results of the experiment proved the significant effect of calcium ions over potassium ions on papaya seed germination and seedling vigour.

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Dos Santos, S. A., R. F. da Silva, M. G. Pereira, J. C. Machado, C. F. Machado, F. M. Borém, V. M. Gomes, and O. A. O. Tonetti. "X-ray technique application in evaluating the quality of papaya seeds." Seed Science and Technology 37, no. 3 (October 1, 2009): 776–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2009.37.3.25.

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Zanotti, Rafael Fonsêca, Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias, Raimundo Santos Barros, Laércio Junio da Silva, and Marcelo Coelho Sekita. "Germination of "Solo" papaya seeds treated with plant hormones." Journal of Seed Science 36, no. 1 (2014): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2317-15372014000100012.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of some plant hormones on germination of Carica papaya L. seeds of the "Solo" group taken from fruits at maturity stages 3 and 5 (50% and 75% of the fruit skin showing a yellow color). Then, the seeds were subjected to treatments involving different combinations of acid 2-chloroethylphosphonic - (CEPA 0; 5 x 10-7 and 5 x 10-4 M), GA3 (0; 10 and 50 mg / L) and KNO3 (0 or 1 M), and germination was assessed at the 14th and 30th days. Seeds from fruits at maturity stage 3 showed increased germination when treated with all growth regulators tested. KNO3 promoted a decrease in germination and in the germination speed index, especially in the seeds from stage 5. The plant hormones did not promote any increase in percentage of normal seedlings of papaya seeds. Two-Chloethylphosphonic acid (5 x 10-4 M) and the gibberellic acid applied alone in the seeds from satge 3 promoted an increase in the number of normal seedlings 14 days after sowing.

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Ahmed, Zubair, and Shobha Kamble. "Antinociceptive Action of the Seeds of Carica Papaya Linn Extracted in Aqueous Medium in Mice." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 11, no. 1 (March 25, 2018): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1363.

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To study the antinociceptive action of the seeds of carica papaya linn extracted in aqueous medium (CPE) in mice. The Carica Papaya aqueous seed extract was evaluated for its antinociceptive effect in mice by producing writhing using acetic acid. One hour after administration of mice with the test, control and the standard drugs the mice were given 0.2 ml of acetic acid (3%) solution intraperitoneally to produce writhing. The number of constrictions of abdominal muscles induced along with extending and jerking of the hind limb were counted from 5 to 15 minutes. The response of the mice treated with the carica papaya aqueous seed extract and that of the standard drug treated groups were compared with those of the mice in the control group. Percentage inhibition of the writhing movements in mice was considered as an index of analgesic effect. The Carica Papaya aqueous seed extract reduced the number of writhing in test group 5 (CPE 400 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.05) in comparison to the control group. Percentage inhibition in test group 5 (60.8%) was comparable to the percentage inhibition in the standard drug (diclofenac) group (70.3%). The Carica Papaya aqueous seed extract showed significant antinociceptive effect in mice.

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Manshardt, Richard M., Cathy Mello, Sharon D. Lum, and Leanne Ta. "Tracking Papaya Pollen Movement with the GUS Transgene Marker." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1094D—1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1094d.

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Genetically engineered (GE), virus-resistant papaya cultivars in Hawaii are easily identified by a colorimetric assay for the β-glucuronidase (GUS) marker transgene. We used GUS to track pollen movement from a central 1-acre plot of gynodioecious GE `Rainbow' plants into seeds on surrounding border rows of non-GE `Sunrise' papaya. GUS evidence of cross-pollination occurred in 70% of female plants (43% of assayed seeds), compared with only 13% of the predominantly self-pollinating hermaphrodite plants (7% of seeds) segregating in the gynodioecious `Sunrise' border rows. The percentage of GUS+ seeds in border row plants showed a weak negative correlation (r = –0.32) with distance from the nearest GE tree (30 m maximum). In a non-GE papaya field located less than a mile downwind from the `Rainbow' source, no evidence of GUS was found in 1000 assayed seeds. In a separate study, the origin of GUS+ seed discovered in papaya fruits from an organic farm was investigated. Leaf GUS assays revealed that 70% of trees were GE, indicating that the grower had planted GE seed. The impact of pollen drift from GE trees in the same field was determined by screening seed samples from 20 non-GE hermaphrodites for GUS expression. Only three hermaphrodites (15%) showed GUS+ seeds, at low levels ranging from 3% to 6% of contaminated samples. These data indicate that the major source of GE contamination in organic fields is seeds of unverified origin, rather than pollen drift from neighboring GE fields. Organic growers are advised to: 1) plant only seed that is known to be non-GE, preferably obtained by manual self-pollination of selected non-GE hermaphrodites; 2) avoid open-pollinated seed; and 3) grow only hermaphrodite (self-pollinating) trees, removing any female or male plants from production fields.

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Ruspawan, I. Dewa Made, I. Made Bakta, I. Nyoman Mangku Karmaya, Bagus Komang Satriyasa, and I. Gusti Kamasan Nyoman Arijana. "Ethanol Extract of Young Papaya Seeds (Carica Papaya, L ) Lower the Level of testosterone, Spermatozoa Count and Expression of Androgen Receptors in Sertoli Cells of Adult Mice (Mus Musculus)." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 14, no. 1 (March 28, 2021): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2115.

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Background: Ethanol extract of young papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) contains steroids that thought to has the antifertility property. This study aims to prove this hypothesis by measuring the low levels of testosterone hormone, spermatozoa count, and androgen receptor expression in sertoli cells. Material and Method:We use the randomized post-test only control group design on thirty-six male Balb/c strain adult male mice aged 12-14 weeks, weight 20-25 grams. They were randomly divided into a control and treatment group. The treatment group was given the same food as the control group plus ethanol extract of young papaya seeds 20 mg/20 gram body weight as much as 0.5 ml, orally every day for thirty-six days. Data were analyzed using the independent-sample T-test and Mann Whitney test. Result:The levels in the treatment group were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those in the control. Testosterone levels 31,64±1,91 vs 48,67±1,81 nmol/L, spermatozoa count 42,72±3,33 vs 75,89±4,71 cell/field of view, and androgen receptor expression 28,11±3.06% vs 55.07±2.49%. Conclusion:The ethanol extract of young papaya seeds 20 mg/20 g body weight has the antifertility property.

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Fajriyah, Shinta Nur, Yuliana Eka Lestari, Nadiatul Istiqamah Suaka, and Endang Darmawan. "Narrative Review: Nano Kapsul Ekstrak Biji papaya (Carica Papaya L.) sebagai Antifertilitas." Jurnal Surya Medika 6, no. 2 (February 15, 2021): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v6i2.1688.

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Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) is a plant commonly found in Indonesia. Interestingly, its seeds traditionally used as antifertility. All parts of the Carica Papaya tree can be used for human needs from the fruit, leaves, seeds, sap, and stems. Carica Papaya seed extract contains secondary metabolite compounds in class Triterpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins which have functioned as antifertility. Nanocapsule is an innovation of nanoparticle dosage form with small particle size, that can accelerate the drug to the target. This Narrative Review purposed to determine the usefulness of the nanocapsules of Carica Papaya seed extract as antifertility. This research is a Narrative Review. A total of 36 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed descriptively, which include the efficacy of Carica Papaya, nanocapsules, and antifertility. The articles used include articles published in national journals and international journals. The result of the Narrative Review is presented in descriptive form. The results of the research show that Carica Papaya can be used traditionally to treat skin diseases, diarrheal disease, overcoming digestive disorders, and by research can be used as antifertility, The size of the nanoparticles obtained in the study ranged from 76.47 nm to 693.8 nm, and Carica Papaya seed extract is used as an antifertility by reducing sperm quantity, semen pH, spermatogenesis process, interfering the action of pituitary gonads, by preclinical reducing the number of ovum quality and the number of de Graff Follicles in female mice. Overall, it can be concluded that Carica Papaya nanocapsules in particle sizes between 76.46 nm to 693.8 nm can be used as antifertility that preclinically can affect the reproduction of female and male mice.

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Corona, Fidel, and Freggy Spicano Joprang. "COMPARISON BIOLARVICIDES POTENCIAL OF FRUIT SEEDS AND LEAF PAPAYA EXTRACTS (Carica papaya) ON Aedes aegypti." Damianus Journal of Medicine 18, no. 1 (May 5, 2019): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/djm.v18i1.2193.

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Introduction: Aedes aegypti is the major vector of dengue virus. Dengue virus can cause dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF is dangerous because it can cause death. World Health Organization (WHO) noted Indonesia as state with the highest dengue cases in Southeast Asia. Effort to control A. aegypti vector that can be done is by using natural substances that have the effect of biolarvicides. This study aims to determine natural biolarvicides potencial of fruit seeds and leaf papaya (Carica papaya) extracts against A. aegypti larvae. Methods: This study was an experimental study and conducted in 2016 using two groups of samples with the design before and after intervention. Samples were A. aegypti larval instar III and IV with the number of 10 larvaeper concentration and 10 larvae of control for each types of extracts. The concentration used was 0 mg / L (control), 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, and 150 mg / L for both types of extracts, then observed at 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours after exposure. Results: This study using Kruskal Wallis test, p value = 0.352. (P> 0.05) means there is no significant difference in the effect of biolarvicides concentration between the two types of extracts that used to the number of dead larvae of A. aegypti. Conclusion: Fruit seeds and leaf papaya extracts (C. Papaya L.) with concentrations of 50 mg / L, 100 mg/ L, and 150 mg / L are not effective to kill the larvae of A. aegypti. Other studies show concentrations above 21.9 ppm of leaf extract and 442 ppm of fruit seed extract can effectively kill larvae, therefore future studies are needed to determine effective extract concentrations to kill the larvae of A. aegypti.

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Parhimpunan, Anwar, Haryati, and Ferry Ezra T. Sitepu. "Influence of seed skin condition, seed drying and concentrations of coconut water on seed viability of papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.)." Jurnal Pertanian Tropik 6, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpt.v6i2.3177.

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Dormansi seeds was caused on the physic of seeds, embryo physiologic or a combination of those two, it is needed the seed drying and concentrations of coconut water to solved dormancy. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of seed treatment, seed drying and concentrations of coconut water on seed viability of papaya seeds, used randomized block design with three factors. The first factor is seed treatment (sarcotesta and without sarcotesta), the second factor is seed drying (2, 4 and 6 day) and the third factor is concentrations of coconut water (0, 50 and 100 %). The results showed that seeds without sarcotesta increasing seed of water doses, normal seedling percentage, vigor index, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, increased the rate of germination and reducing of not growt seedling percentage. Six days of seed drying significantly affected normal seedling percentage, vigor index and reducing of not growt seedling percentage. Fifty percents of concentration of coconut water significantly affected normal seedling percentage, vigor index and reducing of not growt seedling percentage. There is significantly affected interaction between seeds without sarcotesta and six days of seed drying to the rate of germination. There is significantly affected interaction between seeds without sarcotesta and fifty percents of concentrations of coconut water to seed of water doses. There is significantly affected interaction between seeds without sarcotesta, six days of seed drying and fifty percents of concentrations of coconut water to the rate of germination.

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Putra, Rudy Syah, Irfan Arirahman, Andri Iqbal, and Mohammad Sobari. "Enhancement of Electroflotation Using Papaya Seeds (Carica papaya) as Biocoagulant for Laboratory Wastewater Treatment." Key Engineering Materials 884 (May 2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.884.3.

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The enhancement process of electro-flotation was evaluated to treat chemical laboratory wastewater. Wastewater treatment was carried out using electro-flotation with adding a natural coagulant agent namely papaya seed (Carica papaya). In this work the electro-flotation batch system using stainless steel as cathode and graphite as an anode was evaluated in constant DC of 21 V for 60 minutes. Natural coagulant dosage was added as much as 0.05; 0.10 and 0.20 g/500 mL. The effectiveness of the system was evaluated by decreasing total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, and Tyndall effect (Lux). The wastewater sample has been diluted 10 times before measuring as an initial condition which has as much as 42 NTU, and 337 mg/L respectively for turbidity, and TDS. The result showed that the enhancement of the electro-flotation process using 0.05 g papaya seed (Carica papaya) had decreased as much as 4.65 NTU (88.93%) and 242 mg/L (28.49%) respectively for turbidity and TDS. Therefore, it can be concluded that the enhancement of electro-flotation using biocoagulant reduced the contaminant matrix in the wastewater.

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Chielle, Daniel Padoin, Daniel Assumpção Bertuol, Lucas Meili, Eduardo Hiromitsu Tanabe, and Guilherme Luiz Dotto. "Spouted bed drying of papaya seeds for oil production." LWT - Food Science and Technology 65 (January 2016): 852–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.09.022.

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Sehrawat, S. K., P. Kumar, D. S. Dahiya, G. S. Rana, and O. S. Dahiya. "STANDARDIZATION OF VARIABLES FOR ACCELERATED AGING OF PAPAYA SEEDS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 851 (January 2010): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2010.851.50.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Papaya seeds'

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