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Journal articles on the topic 'Paper dinosaurs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 12 December 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Irmis, Randall B. "Evaluating hypotheses for the early diversification of dinosaurs." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 101, no. 3-4 (2010): 397–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691011020068.

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ABSTRACTMany hypotheses have been proposed for the rise of dinosaurs, but their early diversification remains poorly understood. This paper examines the occurrences, species diversity and abundance of early dinosaurs at both regional and global scales to determine patterns of their early evolutionary history. Four main patterns are clear: (1) sauropodomorph dinosaurs became abundant during the late Norian–Rhaetian of Gondwana and Europe; (2) Triassic dinosaurs of North America have low species diversity and abundance until the beginning of the Jurassic; (3) sauropodomorphs and ornithischians a

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Fastovsky, David E. "Dinosaurs in Space and Time: The Geological Setting." Short Courses in Paleontology 2 (1989): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475263000000829.

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The title of this chapter makes a promise that cannot be kept: that somehow there could be summarized in its few pages all the paleoenvironments of dinosaur-bearing strata through time. Dinosaurs were –as far as can be determined – ubiquitious in the terrestrial realm. It would be impossible to summarize the Recent terrestrial settings of birds (avian dinosaurs), let alone 135 million years of terrestrial settings. For this reason, this paper will be restricted to generalizations about ancient environments, highlighting particularly interesting or productive dinosaur-bearing localities in Nort

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Monnin, Victor. "The Dinosaur Renaissance 1960s-80s: A Foundational Episode for the Historiography of Paleoart." HoST - Journal of History of Science and Technology 17, no. 1 (2023): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/host-2023-0002.

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Abstract The “Dinosaur Renaissance” is known as a crucial event in the study of dinosaurs. From sluggish and lizard-like, they came to be conceived and represented as more dynamic animals. This paper argues that the “Dinosaur Renaissance” did not only constitute a significant scientific and artistic shift. Indeed, it can also be interpreted as a foundational episode for the historiography of paleoart. During the “Dinosaur Renaissance,” a growing community of artists and paleontologists promoted the integration of artistic processes in paleontology. They began to actively discuss the historical

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Araújo, Bruno de Lima, Alexia Satie Augusto, André Prates, et al. "“PATAGOTITAN – O MAIOR DO MUNDO”: CIÊNCIA, EDUCAÇÃO E DECOLONIALIDADE EM UMA EXPOSIÇÃO DE DINOSSAUROS." PALEONTOLOGIA EM DESTAQUE - Boletim Informativo da Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia 38, no. 79 (2024): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4072/paleodest.2023.38.79.03.

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“Patagotitan - World’s Largest Dinosaur”: Science, Education and Decoloniality in a Dinosaur Exhibition. During three months, a dinosaur exhibition was held in the Central-South Zone of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. There were 21 educators serving tens of thousands of visitors from the general public, including 157 schools and 6528 students. The exhibition featured replicas of 14 species of dinosaurs found in Argentina and one dinosaur that inhabited southern Brazil, as well as six original fossils, originally from the Egidio Feruglio Paleontological Museum, located in Chubut, Argentina. Amon

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Brinkman, Paul. "Red Deer River shakedown: a history of the Captain Marshall field paleontological expedition to Alberta, 1922, and its aftermath." Earth Sciences History 32, no. 2 (2013): 204–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.32.2.n450m52t2964730k.

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A Field Museum expedition to collect Late Cretaceous dinosaurs operated for three and a half months in the summer of 1922 in the Red Deer River badlands (Oldman and Dinosaur Park formations, Belly River Group) in an area now known as Dinosaur Provincial Park in southern Alberta, Canada. Associate Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology Elmer S. Riggs led the expedition. He was ably assisted by veteran collectors George F. Sternberg and John B. Abbott. A trio of novice collectors, Anthony Dombrosky, George Bedford and C. Harold Riggs, Elmer's youngest son, rounded out the party. The expedition was a

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Schimmrich, Steven H. "Paper dinosaurs, 1824–1969 - A review." Endeavour 23, no. 2 (1999): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-9327(00)80019-8.

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Shahid, Farzeen, Jing-Shan Zhao, and Pascal Godefroit. "Design of flying robots inspired by the evolution of avian flight." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 23-24 (2019): 7669–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219861995.

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Bionic design of flying robots based on natural models has become a hot topic in mechanical engineering. The research going on in this direction considers that there is a lot to learn from flying animals such as birds, insects, and bats, from walking on the ground to getting enough power to be airborne. To get an efficient design of flying robots, we must better understand the origin of flight. This paper focuses on the review of avian flight and its possible application in the design of flying robots. Different hypotheses have been proposed to tackle the origin and evolution of avian flight f

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Hubbard, Zachary, Conor Cunningham, and Abhay K. Varma. "1126 Iguanodontia and Gideon Mantell: A 150 Million-Year-Old Tale of Scoliosis." Neurosurgery 71, Supplement_1 (2025): 170. https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000003360_1126.

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INTRODUCTION: Gideon Algernon Mantell was born in England in 1790. At a young age he displayed great interest in the sciences, examining fossils and skeletons around his home in Sussex. This ultimately propelled him into the field of medicine after an apprenticeship with the general surgeon James Moore. METHODS: Throughout his later years, Mantell would be plagued by back pain. He began taking opium for pain control, which would ultimately take his life in 1852 after an overdose. Mantell’s autopsy would reveal transverse rotation of the vertebrae. William Adams, one of the physicians carrying

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Lessem, Don. "How to Fight Dinosaur Abuse." Paleontological Society Special Publications 7 (1994): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200009461.

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We are surrounded by dinosaurs. From toilet paper to teacups, television specials and Hollywood films, and more than 300 current books, dinosaurs are as ubiquitous as Ninja Turtles. But dinosaurs are no fad, as merchandisers have belatedly realized. They are a rite-of-passage for the young, a fascination that grips every generation.Our love for dinosaurs is beyond reason. We loved dinosaurs when they were presented as elephantine behemoths, as cold-blooded sluggards. And we love them all the more now that explorations indicate some were as smart as ostriches, as swift as foxes (not as swift as

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Guillermo-Ochoa, Angel A., Leonardo M. Zevallos-Valdivia, Camila Castro-Eguiluz, et al. "An ornithopod trackway from the Albian-Turonian Arcurquina Formation, Arequipa, Peru, and its paleoecological implications." Revista Paleontología Mexicana 14, no. 1 (2025): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.22201/igl.05437652e.2025.14.1.388.

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Tracks and trackways of swimming ornithopod dinosaurs are rather rare in the ichnological record; in this paper, a short trackway of a small ornithopod dinosaur is described from Albian-Turonian sediments of the Arcurquina Formation, at Yura District, southern Peru. According to the age and overall footprint morphology, a basal member of Iguanodontia is proposed as the potential trackmaker. The trackway consists of three consecutive tridactyl and mesaxonic footprints, preserved as concave impressions or negative epichnia. The first footprint preserves impressions of digits II to IV with a very

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BURGER, BENJAMIN J. "MYSTERY IN MIDDLE PARK: RELOCATING THE SITE OF COLORADO’S FIRST DINOSAUR DISCOVERY." Earth Sciences History 42, no. 1 (2023): 102–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-42.1.102.

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ABSTRACT The first reported dinosaur discovery within the borders of Colorado was found during Ferdinand V. Hayden’s U.S. Government sponsored survey to explore the Territories of Colorado and New Mexico. In 1869 the survey team brought back to Washington D.C. a broken caudal vertebral bone collected in the high Rocky Mountains. The bone was given to Joseph Leidy Professor of Anatomy at the University of Pennsylvania who noted the fossil’s shared similarity to early dinosaur discoveries previously made in France and England. He formally named the fossil dinosaur; Antrodemus valens. Despite bei

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KAMPOURIDIS, MICHAEL, SHU-HENG CHEN, and EDWARD TSANG. "MICROSTRUCTURE DYNAMICS AND AGENT-BASED FINANCIAL MARKETS: CAN DINOSAURS RETURN?" Advances in Complex Systems 15, supp02 (2012): 1250060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525912500609.

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This paper formalizes observations made under agent-based artificial stock market models into a concrete hypothesis, which is called the Dinosaur Hypothesis. This hypothesis states that the behavior of financial markets constantly changes and that the trading strategies in a market need to continuously co-evolve with it in order to remain effective. After formalizing the hypothesis, we suggest a testing methodology and run tests under 10 international financial markets. Our tests are based on a framework that we recently developed, which used Genetic Programming as a rule inference engine, and

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Browne, Kim Victoria, and Tumendelger Dashdorj. "Mongolia’s Fossilised Heritage." Inner Asia 24, no. 1 (2022): 131–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-02302020.

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Abstract It has been almost 100 years since the pioneering expedition of the American Museum of Natural History (New York) to the Gobi Desert led by Roy Chapman Andrews in 1922. Therefore, it is an opportune time to examine the contribution Andrews made to palaeontology in central Asia and to consider the question of education and repatriation in the context of the protection of Mongolia’s fossilised heritage. Furthermore, this paper investigates the threat to Mongolia’s rare and exceptional cultural heritage posed by modern-day fossil poachers along with domestic efforts to combat the illicit

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Padian, Kevin. "The Origin of Dinosaurs and the Beginning of the Age of Dinosaurs." Short Courses in Paleontology 2 (1989): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475263000000817.

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What are dinosaurs? What features characterize them? Who were their closest relatives? What were the times like when the dinosaurs first evolved? How did their appearance change the balance of diversity in terrestrial ecosystems? During the past decade we have come to know much more about these topics than ever before. What follows is only a brief review. For more extensive information, readers are referred to the chapters in Padian (1986a), particularly the Introduction, on questions of the Late Triassic - Early Jurassic transition; and to Gauthier (1984, 1986) on the characteristics of dinos

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Reid, Neill. "Schmidt-Plate Astrometry – Dinosaurs in Action." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 148 (1995): 208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100021928.

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AbstractPhotographic plates are well established as stable detectors, well suited for positional astronomy. The completion of the current second epoch 48 inch Schmidt surveys in both hemispheres will provide material spanning baselines of 20–45 years, allowing proper motions to be determined to an accuracy of 4–7 mas yr−1. This paper discusses some of the Galactic structure problems that these data, combined with accurate photometry, can be used to address.

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Moratalla, José J., and Rafael P. Lozano. "A distal femur end of a Stegosauria dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) of the Cameros Basin (Aguilar del Río Alhama, La Rioja province, Spain)." BOLETÍN GEOLÓGICO Y MINERO 134, no. 2 (2023): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21701/bolgeomin/134.2/003.

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This paper describes the distal end of the femur of a dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Aguilar del Río Alhama (La Rioja), in the eastern part of the Cameros Basin. Discovered in 2001, it has unfortunately been delocalized for many years, so that it has not been possible to provide an adequate description and interpretation of it before. Although the material is very fragmentary, the morphology of both condyles (tibial and fibular) is well observed. The shallow intercondylar groove, the clearly bilobulated and very wide morphology in distal view, as well as the morphometric indices analyzed,

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Lee, Scott, and Justyna Slowiak-Morkovina. "The Resting Breathing Rate of the Dinosaur Plateosaurus trossingensis via Conservation of Energy." Physics Teacher 61, no. 3 (2023): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/5.0077948.

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Conservation of energy is one of the foundations of science, and in this paper, we use this principle to estimate the resting breathing rate of the dinosaur Plateosaurus trossingensis (see Fig. 1). Animals produce the energy necessary for life via chemical reactions in which biomolecules (such as glucose) react with oxygen to release CO2, H2O, and energy. The metabolism is determined from the animal’s reported mass growth curve (the mass of the animal as a function of age during its juvenile growth) using a model based on conservation of energy. The metabolism reveals the rate at which oxygen

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Lio, Gabriel, Federico Agnolin, Andrea Cau, and Simone Maganuco. "Crocodyliform affinities for Kemkemia auditorei Cau & Maganuco, 2009 from the Late Cretaceous of Morocco." Natural History Sciences 153, no. 1 (2012): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2012.119.

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<em>Kemkemia auditorei</em> Cau &amp; Maganuco, 2009 was recently described as a new genus and species of theropod dinosaur on the basis on an isolated distal caudal vertebra. The holotype and only known specimen comes from Kem Kem beds (Upper Cretaceous) of Morocco. In the present paper we review the phylogenetic position of <em>Kemkemia</em> and we conclude that this taxon belongs to Crocodyliformes. It shares with crocodyliforms the presence of a concavity at the posterolateral margin of neural spines, an inflated neural canal, and reduced prezygapophyses, among

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Zhang, Qian-Nan, Lei Jia, Tao Wang, Yu-Guang Zhang, and Hai-Lu You. "The largest sauropodomorph skull from the Lower Jurassic Lufeng Formation of China." PeerJ 12 (December 12, 2024): e18629. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18629.

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The Lower Jurassic Lufeng Formation of China has long been recognized for its diverse early-diverging sauropodomorph dinosaurs, with eight genera and ten species, representing more than half the Laurasian records. In this paper, we describe a new genus and species of non-sauropodan sauropodomorph, Lishulong wangi gen. et sp. nov., from Yunnan Province in southwestern China. This new taxon is represented by a partial skeleton including the skull and nine articulated cervical vertebrae, which differs from other Lufeng forms in both cranial and cervical characteristics. It bears several autapomor

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Vanderven, Evan, Michael E. Burns, and Philip J. Currie. "Histologic growth dynamic study of Edmontosaurus regalis (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) from a bonebed assemblage of the Upper Cretaceous Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 51, no. 11 (2014): 1023–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2014-0064.

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The Danek Bonebed (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) is a monodominant Edmontosaurus regalis assemblage of the upper Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) Horseshoe Canyon Formation. Bone histology of humeri and femora are used in this paper to test hypotheses about the growth dynamics and palaeobiology of Edmontosaurus. The high number of elements collected from the Danek Bonebed allow for an expansion of the multi-element histological record for hadrosaurs. Results indicate that Edmontosaurus had a growth trajectory similar to other large-bodied dinosaurs and reached the onset of somatic maturity at about 1

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Augustin, Felix J., Attila Ősi, and Zoltán Csiki-Sava. "The Rhabdodontidae (Dinosauria, Ornithischia), an enigmatic dinosaur group endemic to the Late Cretaceous European Archipelago." Fossil Record 26, no. 2 (2023): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.26.108967.

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The Rhabdodontidae was one of the most important dinosaur groups inhabiting the Late Cretaceous European Archipelago. Currently, the clade comprises nine species within six genera, which have been found in southern France, northern Spain, eastern Austria, western Hungary and western Romania, ranging from the Santonian to the late Maastrichtian. Phylogenetic analyses consistently place the Rhabdodontidae at the very base of the iguanodontian radiation, whereas the in-group relationships of rhabdodontids are relatively poorly understood; nevertheless, the clade seems to have had a rather complic

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Farlow, James O., and Daniel L. Brinkman. "Wear Surfaces on the Teeth of Tyrannosaurs." Paleontological Society Special Publications 7 (1994): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200009503.

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Large theropod dinosaurs like tyrannosaurs were the biggest land-living predators in earth history. Because of this, there has been considerable interest in reconstructing the paleobiology of these immense carnivores (Bakker, 1986; Bakker et al., 1988; Paul, 1988; Molnar and Farlow, 1990; Farlow et al., 1991; Abler, 1992; Farlow, 1993, in press; Horner and Lessem, 1993). In the present paper we consider a topic relevant to interpretations of how tyrannosaurs used their teeth during feeding: the incidence of wear surfaces on tyrannosaur teeth.

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Xu, Xing, and Xiao-Chun Wu. "Cranial morphology of Sinornithosaurus millenii Xu et al. 1999 (Dinosauria: Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae) from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38, no. 12 (2001): 1739–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e01-082.

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The recent discovery of the early dromaeosaurid Sinornithosaurus millenii Xu et al. 1999 is especially important for our understanding of maniraptoran evolution, particularly of avian origins. This paper presents a thorough description of the skull of this species, revises the diagnosis based on cranial features, and discusses similarities to those of other dromaeosaurids and Archaeopteryx. Distinctive cranial characteristics of S. millenii include the presence of a deep excavation on the posteroventral margin of the premaxilla, a diastema between the premaxillary and maxillary teeth, a number

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Brusatte, Stephen L., Michael J. Benton, Graeme T. Lloyd, Marcello Ruta, and Steve C. Wang. "Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 101, no. 3-4 (2010): 367–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691011020056.

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ABSTRACTThe rise of archosaurs during the Triassic and Early Jurassic has been treated as a classic example of an evolutionary radiation in the fossil record. This paper reviews published studies and provides new data on archosaur lineage origination, diversity and lineage evolution, morphological disparity, rates of morphological character change, and faunal abundance during the Triassic–Early Jurassic. The fundamental archosaur lineages originated early in the Triassic, in concert with the highest rates of character change. Disparity and diversity peaked later, during the Norian, but the mos

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Bradburne, James M. "Dinosaurs and white elephants: the science center in the twenty-first century." Public Understanding of Science 7, no. 3 (1998): 237–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-6625/7/3/003.

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This paper argues that science centers are expensive to create as capital projects, expensive to maintain with professional staff, and, given the high costs of exhibit development, expensive to change. Lacking a fixed collection of unique artifacts with which to attract visitors, the science center is at risk when it cannot change quickly enough to meet the demands of its users. In the past, temporary exhibitions have been used as a means of creating more frequent change. Now, however, given the exponential increase of the availability of new electronic media, coupled with their massive interc

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Wiedemann, A., T. Suthau, and J. Albertz. "Photogrammetric survey of dinosaur skeletons." Fossil Record 2, no. 1 (1999): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.1999.4860020108.

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Abstract. To derive physiological data of dinosaurs, it is necessary to determine the volume and the surface area of this animals. For this purpose, a detailed survey of reconstructed skeletons is required. The skeletons of three dinosaurs in the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin and two skeletons in the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris have been surveyed using stereo photogrammetry. Two of the Berlin skeletons were also surveyed with the close range laser scanners of the Institut für Navigation of the Universität Stuttgart. Both data acquisition techniques require a geodetic control network

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Bishop, Peter J., Scott A. Hocknull, Christofer J. Clemente, et al. "Cancellous bone and theropod dinosaur locomotion. Part I—an examination of cancellous bone architecture in the hindlimb bones of theropods." PeerJ 6 (October 31, 2018): e5778. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5778.

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This paper is the first of a three-part series that investigates the architecture of cancellous (‘spongy’) bone in the main hindlimb bones of theropod dinosaurs, and uses cancellous bone architectural patterns to infer locomotor biomechanics in extinct non-avian species. Cancellous bone is widely known to be highly sensitive to its mechanical environment, and has previously been used to infer locomotor biomechanics in extinct tetrapod vertebrates, especially primates. Despite great promise, cancellous bone architecture has remained little utilized for investigating locomotion in many other ext

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Naugolnykh, S. V., and M. I. Afonkin. "A new representative of the ichnogenus Megalosauripus (dinosaurs) from the Lower Cretaceous of Northern Caucasus." SOCIALNO-ECOLOGICHESKIE TECHNOLOGII 13, no. 4 (2023): 347–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2023-13-4-347-365.

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The Northern Caucasus area is an unique place, which contains numerous outcrops of the Cretaceous deposits of wide stratigraphic range from Valanginian up to Maastrichtian stages. These deposits contain taxonomically various and highly diverse fossils of many organisms, and traces of their life activity as well. The paper deals with a description of a new ichnospecies of the carnivorous dinosaurs attributed to the ichnogenus Megalosauripus, found in the Valanginian deposits (Lower Cretaceous) of the close vicinity of the City of Kislovodsk. Four best-preserved footprints were selected for the

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Candeiro, Carlos Roberto A., Philip J. Currie, Caio L. Candeiro, and Lílian P. Bergqvist. "Tooth wear and microwear of theropods from the Late Maastrichtian Marília Formation (Bauru Group), Minas Gerais State, Brazil." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 106, no. 4 (2015): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175569101600013x.

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ABSTRACTLittle is known about the tooth wear of South American theropod dinosaurs. This paper describes wear facets in Abelisauridae, Carcharodontosauridae and some indeterminate theropods teeth, from the Marília Formation. Four types of wear facets are proposed: vertically-oriented attritional striations; perpendicular attritional surfaces; oval wear facets; and apical grooves. All these worn surfaces were produced by dental occlusion, except the apical grooves, which are produced by the contact between predator teeth and the prey bone during predator–prey interaction. More detailed biomechan

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Gamma Granados, Paola Carolina. "Patrimonio geológico , una nueva veta para geoturismo." Revista Habitus: Semilleros de investigación, no. 3 (September 7, 2012): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.19053/22158391.1780.

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La reflexión en torno al patrimonio geológico y el geoturismo surge en el contexto del proyecto “Diseño de una ruta Geoturística en el Anillo de los Dinosaurios, departamentode Boyacá”, derivado del convenio entre el Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería INGEOMINAS y la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC, por medio del Grupo de Investigación para la Animación Cultural MUISUATA, de la Escuela de Administración Turística y Hotelera. De acuerdo con lo anterior, en este escrito se abordaron conceptos importantes: sobre patrimonio geológico, que permiten dar cuenta de sus de

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STRICKSON, E. CATHERINE. "HETEROPODY INDEX: A SQUARE PEG IN A ROUND HOLE?" PALAIOS 37, no. 2 (2022): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2021.032.

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ABSTRACT Heteropody Index (HI) is a tool used to calculate area differences between the manus and pes of fossil trackways. HI uses a simple length × width calculation to estimate area. However, since most foot impressions are rarely close to square in shape, HI using a different area calculation could potentially more accurately reflect differences in manus and pes foot area. In this study, accuracy of length × width (L×W) as an area estimate for basic shapes and animal footprints, was tested against two other area calculations, the area of a circle: πr2, and length × carpal width (L×CW) (the

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Bishop, Peter J., Scott A. Hocknull, Christofer J. Clemente, John R. Hutchinson, Rod S. Barrett, and David G. Lloyd. "Cancellous bone and theropod dinosaur locomotion. Part II—a new approach to inferring posture and locomotor biomechanics in extinct tetrapod vertebrates." PeerJ 6 (October 31, 2018): e5779. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5779.

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This paper is the second of a three-part series that investigates the architecture of cancellous bone in the main hindlimb bones of theropod dinosaurs, and uses cancellous bone architectural patterns to infer locomotor biomechanics in extinct non-avian species. Cancellous bone is widely known to be highly sensitive to its mechanical environment, and therefore has the potential to provide insight into locomotor biomechanics in extinct tetrapod vertebrates such as dinosaurs. Here in Part II, a new biomechanical modelling approach is outlined, one which mechanistically links cancellous bone archi

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Carrano, Matthew T. "Homoplasy and the evolution of dinosaur locomotion." Paleobiology 26, no. 3 (2000): 489–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2000)026<0489:hateod>2.0.co;2.

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In this paper, I survey hindlimb and pelvic anatomy across non-avian dinosaurs and analyze these within a cladistic framework to quantify patterns of change within the locomotor apparatus. Specifically, I attempt to identify where homoplasy constitutes parallelism and may thereby be used to infer similar selective pressures on hindlimb function. Traditional methods of discrete character optimization are used along with two methods for evaluating changes in continuous characters in a phylogenetic context (squared-change parsimony and clade rank correlation). Resultant patterns are evaluated in

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Sahni, Ashok, and Asit Jolly. "Status of taphonomical studies in India: A review." Journal of Palaeosciences 44 (December 31, 1995): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1995.1199.

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Taphonomy, a sub-branch of palaeontology, is defined as the study of the sequence of events beginning with the death of an organism and its subsequent deposition and fossilization. The present paper outlines important areas in which the work has been done on this subject and also attempts to review the Indian contributions. The conditions of the burial and the preservation of nests and eggshell fragments of dinosaurs provide ample for taphonomic analysis. There is a need for experimental study on dispersal, disintegration, preservation and diagenesis of organic fossils. In puts from sedi

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María, Pousa, and Fragueiro María Sandra. "Una experiencia de aula centrada en el conocimiento de los dinosaurios." Escuela Abierta, no. 22 (October 24, 2019): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29257/ea22.2019.07.

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In this paper we present a teaching method that advocates cooperation and motivation of students as a mechanism to promote the development of curricular competences in a classroom of Childhood Education. Communication is encouraged, the exchange of opinions the expression of ideas and feelings, and the resolution of problems close to the learner´s daily life, giving sense to what they learn from an interdisciplinary and globalized perspective. This method is known as Work by Projects. The present document begins with a theoretical fundamentation mainly centered on the origin of this methodolog

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Vázquez Bouzó, Xiana. "Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom as a 21st-Century Gothic Tale." Miscelánea: A Journal of English and American Studies 68 (December 19, 2023): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_misc/mj.20237347.

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This paper considers Juan Antonio Bayona’s 2018 film Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom as a Gothic film which disrupts the archetypal conventions of monster films, especially in relation to the antispeciesist conception of monsters —in this case, the genetically-engineered dinosaurs which feature in the Jurassic Park and Jurassic World sagas. Through an analysis of its cinematography, character construction, scenarios and plot development in the light of Gothic Studies, I will argue that this film is not just Gothic in appearance, but also in the sense that itbreaks with contemporary anthropocent

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Guo, Junjie, Xin Sun, Liya Du, and Hairong Di. "Survival Relationships and Ecosystems of the lampreys on the Basis of Several Models." Transactions on Environment, Energy and Earth Sciences 3 (November 26, 2024): 102–11. https://doi.org/10.62051/phnx5924.

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The population of lampreys, one of the only remaining jawless vertebrates in the world, has survived on Earth for hundreds of millions of years, predating the dinosaurs. This remarkable endurance has made lampreys a significant topic of discussion among biologists, particularly for their relevance to the study of biological evolution and ecological stability. In this paper, the predation and competition relationship between lampreys and their natural enemies is described using the Lotka-Volterra model, and the cyclic amplitude law of the male ratio in lampreys and their predators is resolved.

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Ericson, Per G. P. "Current perspectives on the evolution of birds." Contributions to Zoology 77, no. 2 (2008): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-07702007.

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The paper summarizes the current understanding of the evolution and diversification of birds. New insights into this field have mainly come from two fundamentally different, but complementary sources of information: the many newly discovered Mesozoic bird fossils and the wealth of genetic analyses of living birds at various taxonomic levels. The birds have evolved from theropod dinosaurs from which they can be defined by but a few morphological characters. The early evolutionary history of the group is characterized by the extinctions of many major clades by the end of the Cretaceous, and by s

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Bishop, Peter J., Scott A. Hocknull, Christofer J. Clemente, et al. "Cancellous bone and theropod dinosaur locomotion. Part III—Inferring posture and locomotor biomechanics in extinct theropods, and its evolution on the line to birds." PeerJ 6 (October 31, 2018): e5777. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5777.

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This paper is the last of a three-part series that investigates the architecture of cancellous bone in the main hindlimb bones of theropod dinosaurs, and uses cancellous bone architectural patterns to infer locomotor biomechanics in extinct non-avian species. Cancellous bone is highly sensitive to its prevailing mechanical environment, and may therefore help further understanding of locomotor biomechanics in extinct tetrapod vertebrates such as dinosaurs. Here in Part III, the biomechanical modelling approach derived previously was applied to two species of extinct, non-avian theropods, Dasple

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SIMPSON, MARTIN IAN. "THE ROLES PLAYED BY ‘OUTSIDERS’ IN THE DISCOVERY, DESCRIPTION AND NAMING OF FOSSIL REPTILES IN SOUTHERN ENGLAND IN THE 1820S: A PERSONAL PERSPECTIVE." Earth Sciences History 44, no. 1 (2025): 123–50. https://doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-44.1.123.

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ABSTRACT In the 1820s, five large egos personified by four scholars and an amateur from outside academia made significant contributions to, and reputations from, the study of five large fossil reptiles. The outsider, Gideon Mantell (1790–1852) rose through the class system and overcame scientific prejudices to make his name by describing Iguanodon. It was his wife Mary Ann Mantell (1795–1869), however, who truly discovered the first wedge-shaped teeth which enabled the creature's herbivorous nature to be determined. Her famous country walk is verified by a credible newspaper account which give

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Zhu, Fei, Feng Lai Wang, Xu Jie Sun, and Y. Zhao. "Shaking Table Test on Unreinforced Stone Masonry Pagoda." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.730.

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Unreinforced stone masonry pagodas have great cultural value and should be detailed investigation its mechanical properties. These buildings were not designed to resist earthquakes in ancient China, at least not in the way of current methods. The objectives of this research were to understand the dynamic behavior of unreinforced stone masonry pagoda and its seismic performance. To accomplish these, a 1/12 scale model of China Dinosaurs Pagoda was constructed and tested on shaking table. The octangle model height is 3.96m, with aspect ratio of height to width is 2.93, both parameters exceed the

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Kordikova, E. G., P. D. Polly, V. A. Alifanov, Z. Roček, G. F. Gunnell, and A. O. Averianov. "Small vertebrates from the late Cretaceous and early Tertiary of the northeastern Aral Sea region, Kazakhstan." Journal of Paleontology 75, no. 2 (2001): 390–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000018187.

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Field work conducted in the northeastern Aral Sea Region, southwestern Kazakhstan has produced a large number of vertebrates from late Cretaceous and early Tertiary sediments. Included among these vertebrates are sharks, bony fishes, amphibians, turtles, lizards, crocodiles, and dinosaurs. This fauna comes from three formations, the Turonian-Coniacian Zhirkindek, the Santonian-Campanian Bostobe, and the early Tertiary Akzhar formations. In this paper we describe the microvertebrate fauna. The Akzhar fauna consists only of marine sharks, one hexanchiform species (Notidanodoncf.loozi) and four l

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Han, Fenglu, Xing Xu, Corwin Sullivan, Leqing Huang, Yu Guo, and Rui Wu. "New titanosauriform (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) specimens from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation of southern China." PeerJ 7 (December 20, 2019): e8237. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8237.

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Titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs were once considered rare in the Upper Cretaceous of Asia, but a number of titanosauriforms from this stratigraphic interval have been discovered in China in recent years. In fact, all adequately known Cretaceous Asian sauropods are titanosauriforms, but only a few have been well studied, lending significance to any new anatomical information that can be extracted from Asia’s Cretaceous sauropod record. Here we give a detailed description of some titanosauriform bones recovered recently from the Upper Cretaceous Daijiaping Formation of Tianyuan County, Zhuzho

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Andersen, Teis Tonsgaard, and Steffen Hindelang. "The Day After: Alternatives to Intra-EU BITs." Journal of World Investment & Trade 17, no. 6 (2016): 984–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22119000-12340025.

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Intra-EU bilateral investment treaties (BITs) are the dinosaurs in the multi-level legal system of the European Union (EU). They sit uneasily with EU law, yet they provide an important tool for foreign investors to manage political risk in some EU Member States. This paper suggests, that alternatives to intra-EU BITs should best be developed from existing functional equivalents in EU law, ie substantive standards of protection in EU law should be made more transparent by the way of a ‘restatement’ of the pertinent legal practice. On principle, foreign investors should make use of functioning d

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Hernández, Lorena, Verónica Hernández, Farah Neyra, and Julieta Carrillo. "The use of Massive Online Games in game-based learning activities." Revista Innova Educación 4, no. 3 (2022): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35622/j.rie.2022.03.001.

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The popularity of massively multiplayer online games such as Minecraft and Roblox has aroused the attention of teachers and educational researchers in the past decade. The purpose of this paper is to provide preliminary classroom experience using Roblox in game-based learning activities through action research. Convenience and quota sampling were used, intervening in four groups from different educational levels: 1 secondary, 1 high school, and 2 colleges. The learning activities with Roblox were conducted during the 2020-2021 academic year during the COVID-19 pandemic that forced Mexican scho

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Vennen, Mareike. "Brian Noble. Articulating Dinosaurs: A Political Anthropology. xiv + 491 pp., figs., bibl., index. Toronto/London: University of Toronto Press, 2016. $47.95 (paper). ISBN 9781442627055." Isis 109, no. 4 (2018): 876–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/701346.

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Amon, Edward O., Valentina S. Vishnevskaya, Yury A. Gatovsky, and Elena A. Zhegallo. "On the Diversity of Microfossils in the Bazhenov Horizon of Western Siberia (Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous)." Georesursy 23, no. 3 (2021): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18599/grs.2021.3.15.

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Paleontological remains from the Bazhenovo Horizon of Western Siberia (Tithonian–Berriasian) are represented by macro- and microfossils. The Horizon had a marine genesis and the basis of ecosystem of this paleobasin composed of pelagic organisms-producers (phytoplankton: prasinophytes, coccolithophorids, dinoflagellates, as well as brown algae) and consumers (zooplankton: radiolarians, invertebrate larvae, crustaceans; and nekton: pelagic bony fish, ammonites, belemnites, paleosquids-teutids and marine dinosaurs; and, in addition, benthic bivalves, foraminifera, and ostracods). Among microfoss

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Yulia, Tregubova, Zinovyeva Alfiya, and Bautista Hugo. "EVOLVEMENT OF ECOTOURISM TO BUILD DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN THE VOLGA- VIATKA DISTRICT." Revista Científica Orbis, Especial Internacional (año 14) (May 4, 2023): 205–2014. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7897246.

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This paper carried out a SWOT analysis on ecotourism development to build development strategies in the Volga-Vyatka economic district, and then proposed development strategies. Our finding shows that Volga-Vyatka Ecotourist development strategies were: enhance the ecological awareness of the entire population and create a good atmosphere for ecotourism development; break the talent bottleneck of ecotourism development by brainstorming a tourism product, make a scientific and feasible master plan for the ecotourism development of Kotelnich; develop quality ecotourism products; innovate marketi

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Bouzekraoui, Hicham, Ahmed Barakat, Mohammed El Youssi, et al. "Mapping Geosites as Gateways to the Geotourism Management in Central High-Atlas (Morocco)." Quaestiones Geographicae 37, no. 1 (2018): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2018-0007.

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Abstract Demnate commune and High-Tessaout valley are located in the Moroccan central High-Atlas. They have a great and much diversified geological and geomorphological heritage and exceptional landscapes of high mountains. The data obtained from the current work indicate that the studied area present high tourist vocation, in the fact that this territory preserves a large number of geosites linked to many witnesses fossils of extinct animals such dinosaurs footprints, outcropping rock formations of the Precambrian and Mesozoic. Further, it has many remarkable landforms and geosites such as ca

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Weishampel, David B. "Introduction to the Study of Dinosaurs. By Anthony J Martin. Malden (Massachusetts): Blackwell Science. $74.95 (paper). xiv + 426 p; ill.; index. ISBN: 0–632–04436–5. 2001." Quarterly Review of Biology 77, no. 3 (2002): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/345164.

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