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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Biasca, James E. "Oriented fiber refining application of individual modes of mechanical action to single pulp fibers /." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989:, 1989. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/ipstetd-446/biasca%5fje.pdf.

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2

Carlsson, Viktoria. "Pulp compositions and their influence on the production of dialcohol cellulose." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap och fysik (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78704.

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The characteristics of products made from pulp can be modified through different methods. If the pulp is refined either laboratory or industrially, the fibres in the pulp become more flexible and therefore creates stronger bonds to each other, which results in a final product with a higher strength. The refining process also causes the formation of small fibre pieces that are called fines, which also contribute to the increased strength. The major component in pulp is cellulose, which can be chemically modified to materials with changed properties. Periodate oxidation of cellulose results in d

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3

Rosdahl, Matilda. "Predicting failure distribution for varying load histories applied to paper materials." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184385.

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Paper materials are renewable and recyclable and are often used for packaging applications, e.g., as in corrugated fiberboard boxes. From an engineering perspective, paper materials can be used to construct packaging with low weight but with high relative strength. However, compared to other packaging materials, it can be a challenge to design paper-based packaging for distribution chains with demanding conditions. Boxes made from paper can be sensitive to exposure of moisture, duration of load, and dynamic forces. Along the distribution chain, boxes can be exposed to forces that could potenti

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4

Björk, Elisabeth. "Production and application of fine fractions made of chemical pulp for enhanced paperboard strength." Licentiate thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Fakulteten för naturvetenskap, teknik och medier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-40246.

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For all kinds of paperboard packages, the bending stiffness of the paperboard is a crucial property. In multi-ply folding boxboard (FBB) grades, this is obtained by placing different stocks in the outer and centre plies of the board. In the outer plies, a stock with a high tensile stiffness is used, typically made from refined kraft pulp fibres. In the middle ply/plies a stock with more bulky properties is placed, typically comprising of a high proportion of CTMP (chemi-thermomechanical pulp). CTMP fibres are stiffer and more inflexible with poor bonding abilities resulting in low strength pro

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5

Magnusson, Mikael S. "Testing and Evaluation of Interfibre Joint Strength under Mixed-Mode Loading." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Hållfasthetslära (Inst.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-116700.

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The failure properties of interfibre bonds are the key for the build-up of strength in fibrous materials such as paper and paperboard. In order to tailor the properties of such materials by chemical or mechanical treatments and to learn how such modifications influence the properties at a microscopic level, direct measurement of individual fibre--fibre crosses are typically performed. However, the state of loading in the interfibre joint, in testing of individual fibre--fibre crosses, is in general very complex and a greater understanding for how to evaluate the mechanical properties of interf

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6

Broberg, Henrik. "Steaming of Wood Chips - Experimental determination of heating times and effect of different parameters." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259926.

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The presteaming of wood chips is an important step in the chemical pulping industry. It removes the air from within wood chips, allowing the cooking liquor to better impregnate wood chips, which leads to a more uniform cooking process, and lowers the amount of rejects. When steaming at atmospheric pressure, it is important that the temperature of the wood chips reach 100ᴼ C, as otherwise there will be an equilibrium leaving some air left inside. Having poorly steamed chips in a process could cause severe problems when it comes to reaching the targeted kappa number, or having the adequate reten

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7

de, Mourgues Marius. "Composite Cellulose Nanofibrils Filaments." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277919.

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Biodegradable polymers are emerging as a new solution to satisfy the increasing demand of greenenvironmentally friendly material. At the same time, the interest for lighter and stronger structures never stops growing. In this paper, we report the production steps to achieve cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) composite filaments via a new green synthesis route known as wet spinning. This new technique avoids the traditional harmful viscose process and produces biodegradable CNF filaments with interesting mechanical properties. This approach is then applied to produce never seen before composite CNF fi

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8

Fivaz, Erika. "Evaluation of joint formation on cellulosic surfaces." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277912.

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Environmental issues are more and more present in our societies. Pollution engendered by plastic waste have drastically increased these past decades, causing several threats to the ecosystem. Therefore, the need of new biodegradable plastics to replace the actual petroleum-based ones is urgent. Cellulose could be a potential substitute since it is a biopolymer, abundant on Earth. However its properties have to be enhanced to be competitive towards actual plastics. The aim of the project is therefore to get a better understanding of cellulose-cellulose interactions. It focuses on the adhesion b

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9

Marin, Gustav. "On the relation between paperboard properties and packaging performance." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Hållfasthetslära, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287377.

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Paper-based materials, such as paperboard, are commonly used as packaging materials. Inaddition to the advantage that wood as a raw material is renewable, there are also many otherbenefits of paperboard. From a mechanical point of view, paperboard has a high bendingstiffness compared to its relatively low weight and has a high foldability, which both areproperties of significance in the design of packages. However, a distinct drawback withpaperboard is its significant sensitivity to moisture. The moisture reduces the mechanicalproperties of the paperboard and consequently reduces the performan

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10

Gimåker, Magnus. "Influence of adsorbed polyelectrolytes and adsorption conditions on creep properties of paper sheets made from unbleached kraft pulp." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Fibre and Polymer Technology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4553.

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<p>Papper uppvisar betydande tidsberoende mekaniska egenskaper som krypning och spänningsrelaxation. Det är känt att krypningen hos pappret påverkar till exempel en wellpapplådas förmåga att bära last under lång tid. En möjlighet att tillverka papper som kryper långsammare är därför önskvärd. Polyelektrolyter används ofta för att öka styrkan hos papper, och skulle kanske också kunna användas till att minska papprets krypning. Inverkan av polymera additiv på pappers krypegenskaper är emellertid knapphändigt beskrivet i litteraturen. Existerande studier har visat att polymera additiv inte påverk

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11

Svensson, Anna. "Nanocomposites made from nanoporous cellulose fibre." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Fiberteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103342.

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This thesis explores how to use the dry nanoporous structure of cellulosic fibres in new types of composite materials. A large effort was also given on how to correctly characterize the structure of fibres where the wet structure has been preserved also in the dry state. Delignified wood fibres have an open fibrillar structure in their water-swollen state. In the present work, this open fibrillar structure was preserved in the dry state by performing a liquid exchange procedure and the samples were thereafter carefully dried with Ar(g). The samples of never-dried TEMPO-oxidized dissolving pulp

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12

Montibon, Elson. "Modification of Paper into Conductive Substrate for Electronic Functions : Deposition, Characterization and Demonstration." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för kemiteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7352.

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The thesis investigates the modification of paper into an ion- and electron-conductive material, and as a renewable material for electronic device. The study stretches from investigating the interaction between the cellulosic materials and the conducting polymer to demonstrating the performance of the conductive paper by printing the electronic structure on the surface of the conductive paper. Conducting materials such as conducting polymer, ionic liquids, and multi-wall carbon nanotubes were deposited into the fiber networks. In order to investigate the interaction between the conducting poly

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13

Svedberg, Anna. "Valuation of retention/formation relationships using a laboratory piot-paper machine." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Fibre and Polymer Technology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4517.

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<p>The interdependency between filler retention and paper formation is well-known, where a high retention is accompanied by impaired formation. A challenge for today’s papermakers is to increase the competitiveness for uncoated and coated fine paper, by improving the formation at the same level of retention.</p><p>Over the years, the use and the demands of retention aids have increased as a consequence of a higher system closure, increased machine speeds and increased filler content. The knowledge of whether some retention aid systems are more or less detrimental to paper formation than other

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14

Pugliese, Sebastian C. "Kinetics and mass transfer in the chlorination of draft pulp fibers." Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 1988. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/ipstetd-1040/.

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15

Johansson, Ingrid, and Walter Deltin. "Utilization of Pulp and Paper Waste Products in the Metal Industry : Initial testing of carbon-containing waste material briquettes." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231792.

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Today, a huge part of waste products from pulp and paper industries ends up in landfill which is both economically and environmentally adversely. This report examines the possibilities of using those products as a slag foamer and fuel in different furnaces in the metal industry. The waste products contain valuable elements, especially carbon. Therefore, there is an increased interest in finding possible use for the waste products in the metal industry. The reuse would contribute to preservation of energy as fossil fuel can be replaced. In the report, two waste materials called mixed biosludge

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16

Jireskog, Elin. "Påverkan av spädvätskans pH och renhet på sulfatmassans blekbarhet : Laborativa försök och fabriksförsök för att minska kemikalieförbrukningen." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-55461.

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17

Tufvesson, Helena. "The mechanisms of edge wicking in retortable paperboard." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, Division of Fibre Technology, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4155.

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18

Aulin, Christian. "Preparation, characterisation and wetting of fluorinated cellulose surfaces." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Royal Institute of Technology. Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Fibre Technology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4587.

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19

Kerim, Kyzy Bermet. "Evaluation of cellulose nanocrystal alignment in oriented electrospun fibers." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-65856.

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Electrospinning is a fiber production method that has gained a special attention due to the simple setup and potential for the industry scale up to produce nanoregime polymer fibers. However, electrospun fibers have relatively poor mechanical properties, which could be improved by introducing reinforcing agents. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a promising candidate for use as such fiber reinforcing phase due to nanoscale dimensions, excellent mechanical properties, abundance in nature, biocompatibility and renewability. The mechanical properties of reinforced fibers can be further improved b

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20

Gustafsson, Emil. "Tailoring adhesion and wetting properties of cellulose fibers and model surfaces." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Fiberteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91296.

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The layer-by-layer (LbL) technique was used to modify the surface of cellulose fibers by consecutive adsorption of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) followed by a final adsorbed layer of anionic paraffin wax colloids. Paper hand sheets made from the modified fibers were found to be highly hydrophobic with a contact angle of 150°. In addition to the significantly increased hydrophobicity, the sheets showed improved mechanical properties, such as a higher tensile strength. Heat treatment of the prepared sheets further enhanced both the mechanical properties and th

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21

Henrysson, Konrad. "Energikartläggning av ånga, processventilationssystemet och el på pappersmaskin 2, Stora Enso paper Nymölla AB : Energikartläggning utifrån lagen (2014:266) och ISO 50001:2011 på pappersmaskin 2." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-73808.

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För att förbättra företags energieffektivisering tillkom det 2014 en lag på att utföra energikartläggningar på företag som har mer än 250 personer anställda och som har en årsomsättning på över 50 miljoner euro, eller över 43 miljoner i balansomslutning. Nymölla bruk innefattas av denna lag och måste därmed utföra energikartläggning vart fjärde år och rapportera till energimyndigheten. Denna lagen utgör syftet för detta examensarbete som utgår från att genomföra en energikartläggning på pappersmaskin 2 inom Nymölla Bruk. I förtorken evaporeras det vatten från pappret med gramvikten 120g/m2 o

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22

Wrangbert, Marcus. "Counteracting Ammonia Inhibition in Anaerobic Digestion using Wood Residues : Evaluating Ammonium Adsorption Capacity of Fibres from Pulp and Paper Mills." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177891.

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One of the main interests in commercial methane production is to maximize the gas yield, and it is thus appealing to use material with relative high methane potential. However, such material often results in process instability whereas ammonia inhibition is common. Removal of ammonia through adsorption is a fairly unexplored method in the field of biogas production, and could prove to be cost-effective.The adsorption capacity of pulp fibres from the paper making industry were investigated through batch adsorption experiments. Additionally, the fibres effect on small scale batch digesters in te

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23

Andersson, Fredrik. "Energianvändning för att överkomma visköst motstånd i material vid pelleteringsprocesser : Metodutveckling för kontinuerlig pelletering i singelpelletpress." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78763.

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För att motverka global uppvärmning är det centralt att världen rör sig från fossila bränslen för energiproduktion och mot alternativa energiresurser som biobränslen. Industriella restprodukter – exempelvis sågspån – är ett bra alternativ för framställning av biobränslen då annars oanvändbara material kommer till användning. För att göra sådana material mer lätthanterliga komprimeras de ofta till pellets. Den globala pelletsmarknaden har ökat med ungefär 14 % årligen sedan 2010. Pelleteringsprocessen kan delas upp i tre faser: komprimering, strömning och friktion. Energianvändningen i pelleter

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24

Schneider, Helen, and Lynn Schneider. "The Influence of Xylan on Precipitation and Filtration Properties of Lignin : A Study in the Context of the LignoBoost Process." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207054.

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The LignoBoost process is a valuable supplement to the Kraft process. It can increase the pulp production rate of a Kraft mill and it enables lignin separation from black liquor with a high degree of purity. However, residual xylan in black liquor has been observed to increase filtration resistance of lignin during the LignoBoost process. In order to uncover underlying mechanisms, this thesis investigates the potential influence of xylan during lignin precipitation and filtration, which are the two main steps of the LignoBoost process. For this purpose experiments based on a model system were

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Kilegran, Linnea. "Method development for producing napkins and femcare absorbent cores by using an airlaid former." Thesis, KTH, Fiber- och polymerteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289152.

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Fluffmassa är ett förnybart material bestående av cellulosafiber som utvinns under massakokning. Dessa fiber används för att tillverka olika absorberande produkter som till exempel servetter. Fluffmassa används även för att tillverka absorptionskärnor i damhygienprodukter, inkontinensprodukter och blöjor. Vissa av dessa absorptionskärnor (speciellt i ultratunna bindor) tillverkas med airlaid. Airlaid är en tillverkingsteknik som ger fiberstrukturer med slumpmässig orientering genom att applicera ett undertryck. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att utveckla metoder för att tillverka servette

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26

Burns, James Robert. "An investigation of Z-direction density profile development during wet pressing." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992:, 1992. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/ipstetd-442/burns%5Fjr.pdf.

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27

Jonsson, Diana. "Methods for measuring mercury in gas ebullition from fiber banks : A literature study." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-294107.

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Mercury contamination is an environmental issue with high priority due to its high toxicity. In addition to the atmospheric deposition, several lakes and rivers in Sweden are contaminated as a result from wood and pulp-fiber industries which stretches back 200 years. In Luleå, Sweden, a former groundwood industry, Karlshäll, has contributed to mercury pollution in the sediments of Notviken, a small bay connected to Luleå River and the Bothnian Sea, through release of process water. Industrial release of chemicals and wood pulp have resulted in a special type of sediment called fiber banks.

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28

Waller, Victor, and Astrid Wilsby. "Abaca in the Philippines, an overview of a potential important resource for the country : Relating the tensile strength of the single fiber to the microfibrilar angle." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259571.

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Due to environmental concerns and to the limited amount of fossil fuel in the world theinterest in using renewable material has been and will continue to be on the rise. With theincreasing demand for renewable materials such as bio-based fibers, the research aroundnatural fibers is intensifying. Abaca (Musa Texitilis Nee) is a plant endemic to the Philippineswhich is claimed to contain the strongest natural fiber in the world 1. However, no thoroughresearch on performing tensile strength test on single abaca fibers/cells has been found. Byperforming tensile strength test on the single abaca fi

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29

Wallinder, Johan. "Infrared assisted through-air drying of lowgrammage sheets." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207073.

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Through air drying (TAD) enables production of premium tissue products with increased softness, absorbency and bulk. On the other hand, the energy consumption of the TAD process is considerably higher than for conventional tissue drying alternatives. Previous studies on the TAD process have indicated that the drying rate for low grammage sheets is independent of the flow of air through the sheets. The objective of this work has been to investigate and quantify how drying times and drying rates for low grammage sheets are affected by the addition of external web heating in a TAD process. Mois

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30

Monlars, André. "The Influence of pH, Temperature and Number of Wash Steps on the Washing Efficiency of CTMP Pulp." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för kemiteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84898.

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In this report, the washing efficiency of chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) from Norway spruce (Picea abies) was investigated when adjusting the temperature and pH during washing as well as implementing different number of wash steps. Concurrent effects of having a high pH and temperature were also examined. CTMP pulp has many uses, one of which is for the manufacturing of packaging board. Lately, this end product has seen a precipitous increase due to the increasing demand of an environmentally friendly alternative within the food packaging sector. A notorious problem associated with all mec

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31

Xia, Wei. "Initial evaluation of briquetting possibilities of CaO-containing paper production waste : For use in metallurgical processes." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-234801.

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Paper and pulp industry and steel industry are two major industries in Sweden, both of which are facing big challenges to treat their waste products properly. In this thesis work, initial evaluation of mechanical properties of briquettes made of waste products was performed. Three different CaO-containing waste products (Mesa, Kalk, Fly Ash) from Stora Enso and SCA were pressed with one kind of binding material (AOD slag) from Outokumpu. Drop tests were carried out to test the impact strength of the lab-made briquettes. Three different parameters were investigated of their influence on the imp

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32

Pascoa, Dos Santos Magaia. "Pyrolysis and thermogravimetric analysis of wood and its components." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-158618.

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The present study investigates the thermochemical conversion of spruce wood and its extracted components by thermogravimetric analysis. The extracted components are two pulps, three xylan-lignin samples and one lignin sample; they were produced by the kraft cooking method with different cooking times. The study involves characterization of the biomass through proximate analysis and pyrolysis. A qualitative comparison between the thermal behaviours of the extracted components and wood is also performed. The study showed that the thermal behaviour of the biomass was highly influenced by the cont

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33

Arango, Munoz Paty. "Stripper Modification of a Standard MEA Process for Heat Integration with a Pulp Mill." Thesis, KTH, Kemiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-289162.

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De 20 största massabruken i Sverige släpper tillsammans ut ungefär 20 miljoner ton CO2 per år. Dessa utsläpp har biogent ursprung och anses därför vara klimatneutrala. Massa- och pappersindustrin är därmed en lämplig kandidat för implementeringen av BECCS (eng. Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage) och har en betydande potential att nå de, av den svenska regeringen, uppsatta klimatmålen som säger att Sverige inte ska några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser till atmosfären senast år 2045. I detta examensarbete simulerades kemiska absorptions- och desorptionsprocesser med MEA som lösningsmedel g

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34

Nyflött, Åsa. "Development of an Image Processing Tool for Fluorescence Microscopy Analysis of Paper Chemistry." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-6990.

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Paper making today is, to some extent, based on empirical knowledge. It is wellknown that fines, pH, charge and ion strength affect the manufacture of paper. One way of extending knowledge of the mechanisms of paper chemistry is to follow the trajectories of fines and additives in the paper suspension to gather information as to the manner in which they react. Four tracking algorithms adapted to the needs of this particular problem were implemented in order to track particles effciently. The tracking algorithms include two variants of the well-known "Lucas-Kanade algorithm" and template matchi

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Xynou, Marianna. "Modelling of heat and moisture transport in a corrugated board stack." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-158867.

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The corrugated board is considered as the second most used packaging material and the world’s environmentally acceptable solution for packaging, with wide range of applications. After the manufacturing process, the corrugated board is cut into sheets and stored in a stack until optimum moisture content has been reached in order to avoid undesired properties. However, due to complex and various structures, it is difficult to estimate the appropriate time so to achieve the acceptable moisture level of the corrugated board stack. So a homogenized model of the stack has to be created which will ha

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36

Chroona, Gustaf. "Fractionation of textile fibres from denim jeans." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209012.

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The structure and composition of denim jeans is complex. In addition to cotton, which is the dominating type of textile fibre, there may be up to about 20 % synthetic fibres. The synthetic fibres are found in the sewing thread and in the elastic yarns that are used to make stretch denim jeans. In total it was found that up to six different types of textile fibres may be present in the material. To be able to recycle cotton in jeans by producing regenerated cellulose fibres a very high purity with respect to cotton is required. The purpose with this project was to investigate the possibility to

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Viforr, Silvia. "A way of reducing the energy demand in TMP by shear/compression deformation." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Department of Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4282.

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38

Mate, Marc. "Numerical Modelling of Wood Pyrolysis." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206852.

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In this project, a numerical model describing the reaction mechanism and the mass and energy transport in wood pyrolysis is studied. The applicability of the model in predicting actual biomass pyrolysis assessed by comparing the model to TGA experimental measurements. The comparison to experiments is done in relation to the mass loss characteristics of chips of varying sizes. The mass loss is of interest as it is a variable necessary in the coupling of reactor and particle models. Three reaction models were simulated and results compared to experimental data, namely, the reaction model develop

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Bengtsson, Andreas. "Carbon fibres from lignin-cellulose precursors." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Träkemi och massateknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-244756.

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It is in the nature of the human species to find solutions of complex technical problems and always strive for improvements. The development of new materials is not an exception. One of the many man-made materials is carbon fibre (CF). Its excellent mechanical properties and low density have made it attractive as the reinforcing agent in lightweight composites. However, the high price of CF originating from expensive production is currently limiting CF from wider utilisation, e.g. in the automotive sector. The dominating raw material used in CF production is petroleum-based polyacrylonitrile

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Ekstrand, Johan. "Enhancement of Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive with Crystalline Nano Cellulose." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85468.

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Abstract The wood industries to this day use almost exclusively petroleum derived adhesives that are based mainly on the reaction of formaldehyde with urea, melamine or phenol. These adhesives have low cost and good adjustable properties which makes it hard for bio-based alternatives to compete. Phenol formaldehyde (PF), as an example of a synthetic adhesive, has been in use for over 100 years. In some parts of the world, legislation around formaldehyde is changing, and there is an increasingly voluntary awareness about the toxicity and unsustainability of formaldehyde. Industries realize that

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Larsson, Jonathan. "PH-MÄTNING I PAPPERSPRODUKTION : En studie i optimeringar av elektriska mätsystem." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184577.

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Den fundamentala principen för tillverkning av papper är inte en särskilt komplicerad sådan. Men för att pappret skall erhålla specifika egenskaper blir processen alltmer komplicerad. Bland annat tillsätts olika typer av kemikalier och processen övervakas ständigt av olika system. Ett av dessa system mäter pH-halten i pappersmassan. Mätsystemet är dock utsatt för frekventa mätfel vilket medför en felaktig dosering av den koldioxid som används för att sänka pH-värdet. Detta kan slutligen ha negativ påverkan på papprets egenskaper. Syftet bakom arbetet är att mätsystemet ska bidra till en jämn r

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42

Sundblad, Sara. "Predictions of Pulp and Paper Properties Based on Fiber Morphology." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-180550.

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The aim is to investigate models that predicts the potential of pulp and evaluate the relevance of the zero-span tensile index within these. Two chemical pulps made from softwood and eucalyptus were refined in a Voith-beater with different energy input in order to study the change of fiber morphology signals and other pulp and paper properties. Chemical, THP pulp from Södra Värö is also used as an initial analysis for morphological connections to Zero-span tensile index. The L&W Fiber Tester Plus is used in order to study the pulps fiber morphology and Pulmac 2000 for zero span. Handsheets

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Ankerfors, Mikael. "Microfibrillated cellulose : Energy-efficient preparation techniques and key properties." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Fiberteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102949.

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This work describes three alternative processes for producing microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) in which pulp fibres are first pre-treated and then homogenized using a high-pressure homogenizer. In one process, fibre cell wall delamination was facilitated with a combined enzymatic and mechanical pre-treatment. In the two other processes, cell wall delamination was facilitated by pre-treatments that introduced anionically charged groups into the fibre wall, by means of either a carboxymethylation reaction or irreversibly attaching carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) onto the fibres. All three processe

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Nyberg, Thomas. "Process steam : Steam conditioning at a pulp and paper mill." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Engineering Sciences, Physics and Mathematics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-582.

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<p>Abstract</p><p>This report is the result of an examination work at the University of Karlstad. The purpose of this project is to examine how the condition of the steam affects the efficiency of the steam consumers and how variations in that condition affect a pulp and paper mill.</p><p>This report is meant to describe the main components regarding steam production, steam conditioning and steam consumption. It should also be able to give basic information about the significance of steam conditioning in the pulp and paper industry. It is aimed to people working with steam conditioning to incr

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Barber, Steven Donald. "Analysis and Prevention of Usable Fiber Loss from a Fine Paper Mill." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37004.

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Reducing losses of usable waste fiber from paper mills conserves valuable resources and has the capacity to produce considerable economic returns to the manufacturer. The purpose of this research effort was to evaluate the potential for the prevention of loss and/or recovery of usable waste fiber from paper machines within a fine paper mill. Further, a preliminary evaluation of fiber loss prevention strategies and fiber recovery technologies was conducted. <p> The paper mill in question experienced losses of usable waste fiber to the sewer in amounts approaching, and sometimes exceeding 40

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Hendrarsakti, Jooned. "A study of micro fiber dispersion using digital image analysis." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1156.

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The area of the digital image processing is getting more attention in the hope that it will increase the accuracy of any scientific measurements, such as in determining an object velocity, temperature, and size. While human vision is excellent to recognize and differentiate objects, it has been proven to be a poor tool when it comes to measure the object performance. One of many digital image processing applications is texture analysis whose purpose is to evaluate image patterns. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the use of texture analysis as a tool to micro fiber dispersi

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Hanley, Shaune J. (Shaune John). "Application of atomic force microscopy to cellulose, wood, kraft pulp fibres and paper." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40030.

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The surfaces of well characterised microfibrils from Ventricaria and Micrasterias denticulata (M.d.), wood sections, kraft pulp fibres and paper have been examined with both atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Tapping Mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM), under ambient conditions in both air and water. Artifacts and limitations inherent to these techniques in the study of microfibrils, pulp fibres and paper are discussed. AFM images of the surface of the highly crystalline cellulose microfibrils, Ventricaria and M.d., were obtained at molecular resolution under ambient conditions; the molecular

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Funkquist, John. "Att hitta och släppa kontroll : Hantverk i teori och praktik." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Malmstens Linköpings universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157411.

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The aim of this thesis is to explore how theoretical studies on handicrafts may be rewarding and usefull for a craftsman. The aim is also to explore how quality is defined within crafts and to explore different aesthetic qualities that can be achieved within the craft of cabinetmaking. In addition, the aim is also to broaden the view on how skillfullnes may be expressed within the craft of cabinetmaking. The work begins with theoretical studies of two craft philosophers - David Pye and Soetsu Yanagi. Then, their ideas are applied practically through the making of two pieces of furniture. Aesth

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Soral, Prashant 1974. "Pollution reduction and no-regrets options in the iron/steel and pulp/paper manufacturing sectors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39627.

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Nyflött, Åsa. "Structure-Performance Relations of Oxygen Barriers for Food Packaging." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för ingenjörs- och kemivetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-47496.

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Food packaging should ensure the safety and quality of food, minimize spoilage and provide an easy way of storing and handling it. Barrier coatings are generally used to meet the demands placed on fibre-based food packages, as these have the ability to regulate the amount of gases that can enter them. Some gases are detrimental to food quality: oxygen, for example, initiates lipid oxidation in fatty foods. Using both experimental data and computer modelling, this thesis explains some aspects of how the structure of barrier coatings influences the mass transport of oxygen with the aim of obtain

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