Academic literature on the topic 'Paphos (Cyprus) – History'

The biology and early life-history stages of the Cyprus endemic blue Glaucopsyche paphos Chapman 1920 on its Genista hostplants are described for the first time. Information regarding local distribution, phenology, diapause, myrmecophily, parasites and ethology is provided. We compare some biological aspects of G. paphos with those of its Palaearctic congeners G. alexis and G. melanops, and with Nearctic G. lygdamus and G. piasus. Furthermore, we present photographs of the G. paphos holotype along with collection labels, thus providing data missing from the original description.

The activities of Géraud de Veyrines, papal nuncio and then bishop of Paphos in the 1320s, have been known since 1962, when Jean Richard published Instru­menta Miscellanea in the Vatican Archives on the accounts of his financial deal­ings as nuncio on Cyprus. These accounts concern his handling of a large fund of 30,000 gold florins for the defense of the Kingdom of Armenia in Cilicia, the raising of clerical tithes and taxes on Cyprus in support of the Kingdoms of Cyprus and Armenia, the legacy of Patriarch Pierre of Jerusalem, and the debts and property of Géraud’s predecessor as bishop of Paphos, Aimery de Nabinaud. This article publishes the remaining Instrumenta Miscellanea per­taining to these accounts—number 1086 and the unpublished portion of num­ber 1045—and updates the history of the Armenian fund in papal letters, many of which Professor Richard only discovered later, while compiling the third vol­ume of the Bullarium Cyprium, published a half-century later, in 2012.

The Australian archaeological mission to Nea Paphos in Cyprus has begun exploring the remains of a structure to the rear of the cavea of the ancient theatre on the southeastern edge of the hill known as Fabrika. The preliminary results of this excavation suggest a significantly large post-medieval building constructed using stone taken from the former theatre. The building appears to have been used in some sort of industrial production, the precise nature of which is not yet determined, and is perhaps the source of the etymology of the name of the hill. This paper discusses a need for a reassessment of this area of the city of Nea Paphos in its more recent history, and discusses the needs for a better understanding of the urban relationship between Fabrika and the theatrical precinct during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

This paper presents a new tomb complex of the Late Bronze Age at Palaepaphos-Teratsoudhia in south-west Cyprus. Although looted, Tomb 288 yielded a representative repertoire of funerary gifts, including seals and scarabs, ranging chronologically from the very beginning of the Late Bronze Age to Late Cypriote IIC, roughly from 1650 to 1200 BC. Tomb 288 has characteristics which are typical of Late Bronze Age tomb architecture in Cyprus and well known in the Paphos region, as well as aspects which have not previously been observed in any necropolis of the period, such as the large central “pillars” which support the roof in Chambers A and B. The tomb’s finds comprise representative examples of the ceramic production of Palaepaphos for a period of some 400 years and illustrate the wealth of this region during the whole of the Late Bronze Age. The tomb is a significant addition, in particular, to our knowledge of the earliest phase of the city’s existence, a period which is not adequately known since the focus of recent research has primarily been on the latest phase of the Late Bronze Age and the early part of the Iron Age.

The Crusader castle (now called ‘Saranda Kolones’) on the ancient site of Paphos was built and occupied c. AD 1192–1222. It overlies and partly truncates a series of ancient features (tombs, cisterns, wells, church remains, etc.). The layers associated with these, excavated at various times between 1957 and 1985, contain rich deposits spanning a period from the 4th century BC to the 8th/9th centuries AD.Some 410 pottery items from the pre-Castle phases are presented here, mostly in a series of 16 selected deposits arranged in chronological order. These range from early tomb-groups to stratified well fills and an important destruction deposit of c. AD 650. The final ancient occupation (8th–9th centuries) is marked by the appearance of some lead-glazed wares and some imports from the Umayyad orbit.Individual items of interest from other layers are appended. Some Hellenistic and Roman imports from Phoenicia and elsewhere are here documented in Cyprus for the first time. The later (Medieval) pottery from the site is reserved for publication in the main report on the castle (forthcoming).

This paper presents the results of a multipronged approach to the study of the Hellenistic and Early Roman ceramic oil lamps excavated at the Agora of Nea Paphos in Cyprus. The assemblage was studied macroscopically, and selected samples were analysed through WD-XRF spectroscopy and thin section petrography, combined with refiring tests. The integrated results revealed that local production changed through time in terms of lamp shapes, manufacturing techniques and clay recipes, while imported lamps originated from a range of sources. The transformations seen in the local production correlate with changes in the origin of imported lamp supply and the impact of other centres on the local lamp manufacture. These patterns in production and supply could be most likely associated with political transformations and urban development.

AbstractAt some date shortly after the Persian conquest of Egypt (525 BC) a Persian army dispatched by the satrap of Egypt, Aryandes, was encamped on the Lykaian Hill outside the city of Cyrene, threatening its capture. How far hostilities had advanced is not known, but very soon the army abandoned its position and marched off on the return way to Egypt (Herodotus IV, 16–67, 200–203). Herodotus' account is an involved story how the Persian force came to be in Cyrenaica, and it is not clear why it departed from Cyrene with little achieved there. The episode would be of limited substance except for the chance discovery of some antiquities in the region of the Persian camp. About 20 years later, in 498 BC, a Persian force was deployed in Cyprus to reduce the city of Paphos in the aftermath of the unsuccessful Cypriote uprising to support the Ionian revolt. A siege mound was raised against the city wall employing an unexpected variety of material. Latterly the mound has been excavated and afforded wide ranging information. Hitherto these archaeological facts have not been considered in conjunction, and an attempt to do so may be instructive.

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="yiv9127107781msonormal">Nejmi Sagıp Bodamyalızade, who was originally from Paphos in the south-west of Cyprus, completed his education at Oxford University. Then he returned to the island and established the Shakespeare School, which is one of the first private schools of the island. He has undertaken both teaching and school management roles here. Many Turkish Cypriots have been educated in this private school which offers English education. Nejmi Sagıp, which has a high level of general culture, has been nicknamed Feylosof (philosopher) by the community. During World War II, Nejmi Sagıp declared himself as a deputy of Cypriot Muslims by the signing of thousands of people in Nicosia. By using this title, Mr. Nejmi sent letters to the presidents and deputies of several countries, mainly the United Kingdom, defending the rights of Turkish Cypriots against the Enosis requests of Greek Cypriots. Mr. Nejmi has literary works besides education and political activities. One of his literary was the Quran which he translates to English. He also translated some of the classics of Turkish literature into English. Many people, especially the Irish writer George Bernard Shaw, Nobel Peace Prize-winning, have already begun to appreciate him for his translations. As a result, Mr. Nejmi has an important value for the Turkish Cypriot Political, Cultural and Educational history. </p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Aslen Kıbrıs’ın güney batısında bulunan Baf Kazasından olan Nejmi Sagıp Bodamyalızade, Oxford Üniversitesi’ndeki eğitimini tamamladıktan sonra adaya dönerek adanın ilk özel okullarından olan Shakespeare Okulu’nu kurmuştur. Burada hem öğretmenlik hem de okul müdürlüğü görevlerini üstlenmiştir. İngilizce eğitim veren bu özel okulda birçok Kıbrıslı Türk eğitim almıştır. Genel kültür düzeyi yüksek olan Nejmi Sagıp’a halk tarafından Feylosof (Filozof) lakabı takılmıştır. Nejmi Sagıp, II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında Lefkoşa’da binlerce kişiden imza toplayarak kendisini Kıbrıslı Müslümanların vekili ilan etmiştir. Nejmi Bey bu unvanı kullanarak başta İngiltere olmak üzere birçok ülkenin başkan ve elçilerine Kıbrıslı Rumların Enosis taleplerine karşı Kıbrıs Türklerinin haklarını savunan mektuplar göndermiştir. Nejmi Bey’in eğitim ve siyasi faaliyetlerinin yanında edebi çalışmaları da bulunmaktadır. Kaleme aldığı edebi eserlerinden birisi de İngilizceye çevirdiği manzum Kur’an-ı Kerim’dir. Ayrıca Türk Edebiyatının klasiklerinin bazılarını da İngilizceye tercüme etmiştir. Yaptığı bu çeviriler sayesinde başta Nobel Barış ödülü sahibi İrlandalı yazar George Bernard Shaw olmak üzere birçok kişinin takdirini toplamayı başarmıştır. Sonuç olarak Nejmi Bey Kıbrıs Türk Siyasi, Kültürel ve Eğitim tarihinin bir dönemine damgasını vurmuştur denilebilir.</p>