Journal articles: 'Papilles filiformes'

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Nitta, Cayo Y., Luana C. S. Silva, Maria A. Miglino, Carlos E. Ambrosio, Pedro P. Bombonato, and Rose E. G. Rici. "Ultraestrutura comparativa da língua do sagui-de-tufo-preto (Callithrix penicillata) e do bugio-preto (Alouatta caraya) em diferentes faixas etárias." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33, suppl 1 (December 2013): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2013001300013.

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Para a análise e descrição comparativa da morfologia da língua e de suas papilas, bem como a distribuição destas, foram utilizados três animais de faixas etárias distintas (filhote, jovem, adulto), de duas espécies de primatas, Callithrix penicillata (sagui-de-tufo-preto) e Alouatta caraya (bugio-preto), ambas sendo observadas através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os animais da espécie Callithrix penicillata eram procedentes de um criadouro comercial de animais selvagens em Atibaia/SP e vieram a óbito por causas naturais, e os da espécie Alouatta caraya eram provenientes do acervo do Laboratório de Anatomia Macroscópica da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (FMVZ-USP). Com o material analisado e a técnica empregada pôde-se constatar que as línguas dos saguis-de-tufo-preto e dos bugios-pretos analisadas apresentavam papilas linguais similares às descritas para outras espécies de primatas. As línguas possuíam diferenças morfológicas, principalmente para alguns tipos de papilas linguais, em detrimento do avançar da idade dos animais. De forma geral, foram observados quatro tipos de papilas linguais, sendo estas: filiforme, fungiforme, valada e folhada. As línguas dos bugio-pretos apresentavam características de animais com dietas herbívoras. Possuindo desta forma papilas filiformes com formatos variados (coroa, lança, multifilamentar), de acordo com as regiões da língua, e também robustas papilas, principalmente na proeminência lingual. Já as línguas dos saguis-de-tufo-preto possuíam características de animais onívoros. Com papilas filiformes em formato de coroa, grandes quantidades de papilas fungiformes e desenvolvidas papilas folhadas. Observou-se que as modificações das papilas linguais que ocorrem nos animais após o nascimento apresentaram correlação com a mudança nos tipos de alimentos consumidos. Sendo presumível então concluir que as dietas possuem relação direta para com as alterações morfológicas e estruturais das papilas linguais nos animais ora aqui analisados.

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Kokubun, Hanna Sibuya, Greyson V. Zanatta Esper, André L. Rezende Franciolli, Fernanda Menezes de Oliveira e. Silva, Rose Eli G. Rici, and Maria Angélica Miglino. "Estudo histológico e comparativo das papilas linguais dos cervídeos Mazama americana e Mazama gouzoubira por microscopia de luz e eletrônica de varredura." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32, no. 10 (October 2012): 1061–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2012001000021.

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O tipo de alimentação depende do ambiente em que o animal se encontra, sendo este um fator responsável pela alteração da morfologia, como a estratificação e o nível de queratinização da língua, e a funcionalidade da mesma. Dentre as estruturas morfológicas funcionais da língua, as papilas vêm merecendo destaque devido a sua estreita relação com a dieta. Foram utilizadas duas espécies de cervídeos: cinco Mazama gouazoubira e duas Mazama americana, dividindo-se a língua em três partes: ápice, corpo e raiz. Analisou comparativamente a língua de duas espécies por meio de microscopia de luz e eletrônica de varredura. As papilas filiforme, fungiforme e valada apresentaram na língua das duas espécies estudadas, e com a mesma distribuição, mudando apenas a quantidade e formato de papilas filiformes no ápice lingual e a quantidade e disposição das papilas valadas na raiz da língua, fator este que pode ser ligado à dieta dos animais. . Além disto, sua distribuição é semelhante à de outras espécies de herbívoros.

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Keogh, John K., and Brendan F. Keegan. "Ultrastructure of the podia of Amphiura chiajei and Amphiura filiformis and their role in feeding." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86, no. 4 (June 15, 2006): 817–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315406013737.

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Morphological study of the podia of the suspension feeding Amphiura filiformis and the deposit feeding Amphiura chiajei revealed sensory–secretory complexes in the podial epidermis, consisting of four cells, two secretory and two sensory. Large mucus cells were found in association, but not exclusively, with the sensory–secretory complexes. In A. filiformis, mucus cells stained positively for both acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides, while, in A. chiajei, these cells stained only for acid mucopolysaccharides. The surfaces of the arm podia in A. chiajei were relatively smooth, while the arm podia of A. filiformis bear papillae. The sensory–secretory complexes open through numerous paired pores, with each pair having an intervening cilium. Pores were restricted to the podial tip in A. chiajei, while in A. filiformis they are concentrated on the podial tip and on the papillae. Amphiura chiajei shows very little differentiation of the podia along the length of the arm. In A. filiformis, the distal podia have papillae throughout their entire length, with pores being found on the head region and the papillar tips. Here, the papillae are oriented in such a way (i.e. facing inward towards the ventral arm plate) as to increase the area of the filtering surface of the podium, serviced by the sticky secretions from the sensory–secretory complexes. The proximal podia are relatively simple in structure and are thought to function more in the transportation of mucus wrapped particles to the mouth rather than in their capture. The difference in structure of the podia and chemical composition of podial secretory cells are taken to reflect the difference in feeding styles of the two species.

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Goodarzi, N., and M. Azarhoosh. "Morpholoical Study of the Brandt’s Hedgehog, Paraechinus hypomelas (Eulipotyphla, Erinaceidae), Tongue." Vestnik Zoologii 50, no. 5 (October 1, 2016): 457–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vzoo-2016-0052.

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Abstract The morphology and histological structure of two adult Brandt’s hedgehog, Paraechinus hypomelas, (Brandt, 1836) tongue were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. On the dorsal surface of the tongue, three types of papillae were observed: filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae. Apex and corpus of the tongue as well as the lateral surface of the corpus were covered with numerous filiform papillae with bifurcated tip, while the epithelium lining the ventral lingual surface was free from papillae. Discoid shape fungiform papillae were scattered over the entire surface of the lingual apex, corpus and lateral surface uniformly between the filiform ones without regional variation in number and size. Three elliptical or oval vallate papillae in an inverted triangle form were found on the root of the tongue. Each papilla had a lobulated and very irregular dorsal surface. Both fungiform and vallate papillae contain taste buds. The foliate papillae was absent. Overall, the present findings reveal that despite some similarities, the lingual papillae of the Brandt’s hedgehog as an omnivore animal has spices-specific characteristics compare to the Erinaceous auritus as an insectivore species. This finding provides a set of basic data about the morphology of tongue and its lingual papillae in Brandt’s hedgehog.

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Popel’, S. L., O. V. Baskevich, V. M. Zhurakіvskyi, O. Y. Zhurakіvska, I. V. Melnik, S. Z. Krasnopolskiij, and O. V. Atamanchuk. "Three-dimensional structure of the lingual papillae of healthy rats and rats with experimental diabetes mellitus (in the context of mechanism of development of diabetic glossitis)." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 8, no. 1 (February 12, 2017): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021711.

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We studied the three-dimensional structure and patterns of distribution of the lingual papillae of healthy rats (the norm) and their changes in the process of development of diabetes mellitus І type. The research was conducted on 65 laboratory rats of the Weestar line. The research investigated the mucus shell and the microcirculatory network of the tongue. The distribution and three-dimensional structure of the papillae of the tongue were studied using a scanning electron microscope. It was found that there are 5 morphological subspecies of filiform papillae on the dorsal surface of body of the tongue: true filifom, flattened, thin and giant conical and brush-like. Isolated fungiform papillaе are unevenly distributed between filiform papillaе. The dorso-lateral edge of the dorsal lingual surface is covered by foliate papillae. The unique oval papilla vallate is located in the back-end of the middle line of the root of the tongue. The far back of the root of the tongue lacks papillae, is flattened and covered by squamous formations. The distribution and types of lingual papillae is similar in rats to other rodents. In the process of development of diabetic glossitis a reduction in the height of different types of papillae of the tongue was observed, and an increase in the amount of keratinized mass, which plays a role in the fixation of microflora on the surface of the mucus shell, which as a result may lead to development of inflammatory process in the tongues of rats with experimental diabetes mellitus. The stages of morphological and morphometric changes in the mucus shell and microcirculatory network of the tongues of rats with diabetes mellitus were investigated, the characteristic signs of these changes were marked. On the basis of morpho-functional changes of the tongues of rats with experimental streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus, two stages of development of pathomorphological changes were distinguished: 1) reactive changes (2–4th week) and 2) destructive processes (6–8th week). At the end of the first stage there was a reduction in height of the filiform papillae and width of mushroom-like papillae in the mucus shell of the tongue, an increase in its keratinization, a considerable reduction in the number of cells in the deeper layers of the epithelium of the tongue and the adsorption capacity of superficial epіtheliocites diminished, a significant reduction in the diameter of path clearance of all departments of the microcirculatory network is traced here. At the end of the secondary stage, there was a reduction in the sizes of all papillae of the back of the tongue, in all links of the microcirculatory network there was a development of diabetic microangiopathy which is characterized: by narrowing of the arterial and exchange links on a background expansion of capacity link. The question of influencing the pathological process in the vessels of the microcirculatory network on the state of the mucus shell of the tongue in animals with experimental streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus is discussed.

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Sönmez, Mehmet Fatih, Esra Balcioglu, Saim Ozdamar, and Birkan Yakan. "Papilas filiformes não têm botões gustativos." Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 78, no. 4 (August 2012): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-86942012000400002.

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Martins, D. M., L. L. Pinheiro, V. C. Ferreira, A. M. Costa, A. R. Lima, R. E. G. Ricci, M. A. Miglino, and E. Branco. "Tongue papillae morphology of brown-throated sloth Bradypus variegatus (SCHINZ, 1825)." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 66, no. 5 (October 2014): 1479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-6343.

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The Bradypusvariegatus inhabits the forests of South America and feeds from leaves, branches and sprouts from different plants. Due to its diet and the lack of literature on the morphological aspect of Xenarthras, five Bradypusvariegatus tongues from animals which died from natural causes were evaluated, and they came from Pará State Museum Emílio Goeldi and were donated to the Laboratory of Animal Morphological Research (LaPMA) from UFRA, for revealing the different types of papillae and epithelial-connective tissue. Macroscopically, the tongues presented elongated shape, rounded apex, body, root, median sulcus in the root's apex, and two vallate papillae. The mucous membrane of the tongue revealed a keratinized stratified pavement epithelium, while the ventral surface of the tongue was thin and smooth, not provided with any type of papillae. However, the dorsal surface of the tongue was irregular with the presence of three types of papillae: filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae. The filiform papillae found were of a simple type, presenting a rounded base, irregularly distributed with a larger concentration and development on the tongue's apex and body. The fungiform papilla showed a practically smooth surface with irregular format, with the presence of gustatory pores; these were found all over the dorsal surface, with larger concentration at the rostral part of the apex. Only two vallate papillae were observed disposed in the root of the tongue, surrounded by a deep groove, and revealing several taste buds. The tongues from Bradypusvariegatus presented gustatory papillae similar to the ones described for other Xenarthras species and wild mammals.

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Abreu, Marilda Aparecida Milanez Morgado d., Luc Louis Maurice Weckx, and Cleonice Hitomi Watashi Hirata. "Papilas filiformes não têm botões gustativos: resposta." Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 78, no. 4 (August 2012): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-86942012000400003.

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Reginato, Gabriela de Souza, Cristina de Sousa Bolina, Ii-sei Watanabe, and Adriano Polican Ciena. "Three-Dimensional Aspects of the Lingual Papillae and Their Connective Tissue Cores in the Tongue of Rats: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/841879.

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The aim of the present study was to describe the tridimensional morphological characteristics of the lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores (CTCs) in Sprague Dawley rats. Four types of papillae were reported on the dorsal surface. Filiform papillae were distributed on the tongue surface and after epithelial maceration a conic and multifilamentary shape of the CTCs was revealed. Fungiform papillae were reported on the rostral and middle regions covered by a squamous epithelium. After the removal of the epithelium, the shape of a volcano with the taste orifice at its top was noted. Foliate papillae were composed of five pairs of epithelial folds situated on the lateral-caudal margin of the tongue. After the removal of the epithelium, they were shown to be limited by thin laminar projections. The vallate papilla with an oval shape was present in the caudal region and delimited by an incomplete groove. The morphological characteristics of the lingual papillae of Sprague Dowley rats, three-dimensional SEM images, and the types of papillae on the dorsal surface were similar to those reported previously in other rodent mammals. The maceration technique revealed the details of extracellular matrix with varied shapes form of connective tissue cores.

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CIPOU, Mircea, Cristian MARTONOS, Adrian Florin GAL, Vasile RUS, Ion VLASIUC, Viorel MICLĂUȘ, and Aurel DAMIAN. "Histological and Morphometrical Study of the Filiform Papillae in the Domestic Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 78, no. 1 (May 14, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2020.0044.

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The domestic rabbit is often preferred as an experimental model in diverse research and especially those regarding pathologies of the oral cavity, both in human and veterinary medicine. From five domestic mixed breed rabbits, fragments were harvested from the three regions of the tongue: apex, body and root, for histological investigations. The samples were processed by embedding in paraffin, sectioned at a thickness of 5 µm and stained with Goldner’s trichrome method. The histological examination highlighted the presence of the filiform papillae on the entire dorsal surface of the tongue, with morphological particular carachteristics for each portion. The dimension of the filiform papillae of the rabbit’s tongue differs both regarding the length as well as the thickness and density. The shortest filiform papillae were found on the tip of the tongue, then the length increases progressively, reaching the maximum level on the middle portion and decreases in the last portion. The density also differs, in in the three compartments examined, being the highest in the anterior part and the lowest in the posterior part. The thickness of the filiform papillae is inversely proportional to their density. The thickness of the papillae is smaller where the density is higher and highest where the density is lowest. The upper surface of the filiform papillae is variably keratinized depending on the lingual segment. The papillae with the highest level of keratinization are arranged in the body part of the tongue, and those at the tip and root are slightly lower.

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Nour El Deen, Ragia, E. H. "Morphology and structure of filiform papillae of neonates: a light and scanning electron microscopic study." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 4, no. 1 (January 15, 1998): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/1998.4.1.128.

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The present study was carried out to describe the morphology and structure of filiform papillae of the neonate. Ten tissue specimens taken from the anterior portion of the tongue of ten stillborn neonates were fixed and processed for both light and scanning electron microscopy. Filiform papillae appeared as small finger-like projections with rounded tips and appeared to develop as two or three papillae originating from one base;subsequent splitting of the papillae from each other then took place. The epithelium covering the papillae was parakeratinized while that covering the interpapillary regions was nonkeratinized

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Okada, Shigenori, and Dean E. Schraufnagel. "Scanning Electron Microscopic Structure of the Lingual Papillae of the Common Opossum (Didelphis marsupialis)." Microscopy and Microanalysis 11, no. 4 (July 7, 2005): 319–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927605050257.

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The mammalian tongue has evolved for specialized functions in different species. The structure of its papillae tells about the animal's diet, habit, and taxonomy. The opossum has four kinds of lingual papillae (filiform, conical, fungiform, vallate). Scanning electron microscopy of the external features, connective tissue cores, and corrosion casts of the microvasculature show the filiform papillae have a spearhead-like main process and spiny accessory processes around the apical part of the main process. The shape and number of both processes depend on their position on the tongue. On the apex, the main processes have shovel-like capillary networks and the accessory processes have small conical networks. On the lingual radix, the processes have small capillary loops. In the patch region, conical papillae have capillaries arranged as a full sail curving posteriorly. The fungiform papillae are scattered among the filiform papillae and have capillary baskets beneath each taste bud. Giant fungiform papillae on the tongue tip are three to four times larger than the ones on the lingual body. Capillaries of giant papillae form a fan-shaped network. The opossum has three vallate papillae arranged in a triangle. Their tops have secondary capillary loops but not their lateral surfaces. Mucosal folds on the posterolateral border have irregular, fingerlike projections with cylindrical capillary networks. These findings and the structure of the rest of the masticatory apparatus suggest the lingual papillae of opossum have kept their ancestral carnivorous features but also developed the herbivore characteristics of other marsupials.

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Kobayashi, Ken, Yasuhiko Takei, Mizuki Sawada, Sumiko Ishizaki, Haruo Ito, and Masaru Tanaka. "Dermoscopic Features of a Black Hairy Tongue in 2 Japanese Patients." Dermatology Research and Practice 2010 (2010): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/145878.

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Dermoscopic features of a black hairy tongue have never been reported. Dermoscopy might be useful in speculating pathologic features of oral lesions. The objective was to identify additional dermoscopic criteria. Two Japanese patients who were clinically given a diagnosis of “black hairy tongue” were evaluated for dermoscopic features. We have shown characteristic dermoscopic features of brownish hair-like elongation of filiform papillae with whitish lingual papillae. Dermoscopic examination seemed useful as an adjunct to the diagnosis of this benign disorder of the tongue, demonstrating exact changes in shape and color of filiform papillae. It might also be helpful in more objective observation of the therapeutic efficacy.

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Wołczuk, Katarzyna. "Dorsal Surface of the Tongue of the Hazel Dormouse Muscardinus Avellanarius: Scanning Electron and Light Microscopic Studies/ Grzbietowa Powierzchnia Języka Orzesznicy Muscardinus Avellanarius: Badania Z Wykorzystaniem Mikroskopu Skaningowego I Świetlnego." Zoologica Poloniae 59, no. 1-4 (December 1, 2014): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zoop-2014-0004.

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Abstract The dorsal surface of a hazel dormouse tongue was examined by scanning electron and light microscopy. The tongue of the hazel dormouse is elongated and widened in the proximal part. On the proximal one-third of the tongue a clear median groove is observed. The dorsal lingual surface was covered with five types of papillae: filiform, conical, fungiform, vallate and foliate. The arrangement, shape, size and direction of the filiform papillae vary depending on the region of the tongue. On the proximal part of the tongue, the filiform papillae are saw-like and tilted medioposteriorly, while on the distal part they have a fork-like shape and form a radial pattern with their processes oriented towards the center of the tongue. Fungiform papillae with single taste buds are evenly scattered on the anterior and middle part of the tongue body. On the root of the tongue, three star-like shaped vallate papillae are arranged in the form of a triangle and surrounded by conical papillae. A pair of foliate papillae are found on both edges of the posterior area of the tongue, forming three parallel folds separated by deep grooves. The dorsal surfaces of the vallate and foliate papillae are covered with hard-cornified epithelium, while the lateral surfaces have noncornified epithelium with numerous taste buds. The results of our studies show that the tongue structure of the hazel dormouse is more primitive in comparison with other rodents which is related to their phylogeny and feeding habits.

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NAGATO, Toshikazu, Masami NAGAKI, Michitaka MURAKAMI, and Hiroaki TANIOKA. "Morphological Studies of Rat Lingual Filiform Papillae." Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica 66, no. 4 (1989): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2535/ofaj1936.66.4_195.

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Kawasaki, Katsushige, Thantrira Porntaveetus, Shelly Oommen, Sarah Ghafoor, Maiko Kawasaki, Yoko Otsuka-Tanaka, James Blackburn, John A. Kessler, Paul T. Sharpe, and Atsushi Ohazama. "Bmp signalling in filiform tongue papillae development." Archives of Oral Biology 57, no. 6 (June 2012): 805–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.11.014.

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Corrêa, Aline Francielle, Carlos Eduardo Oliveira Sestari, Gregório Corrêa Guimarães, and Fabrício Singaretti de Oliveira. "Descrição anatômica da língua do mão-pelada (Procyon cancrivorus)." Ciência Rural 42, no. 10 (October 2012): 1840–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782012001000019.

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O mão-pelada é um mamífero da família Procyonidae com poucas descrições anatômicas detalhadas a seu respeito. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever, anatomicamente, a língua do mão-pelada, proporcionando base para futuros estudos clínico-cirúrgicos, além de contribuir com a anatomia comparada de carnívoros. Foram utilizadas as línguas de dois exemplares de mãos-pelada, fixados em formaldeído a 10%. A língua do mão-pelada possui, em média, 9,5cm de comprimento, é alongada e apresenta um sulco mediano pouco evidente. Possui lissa, quatro pares de papilas valadas na raiz lingual e um par no corpo, várias papilas fungiformes e cônicas no corpo e raiz e papilas filiformes pouco desenvolvidas e presentes principalmente no ápice. Outros três pares de papilas, sugestivas de serem papilas valadas, foram observadas na região lateral da base lingual. A língua do mão-pelada possui algumas características anatômicas similares às do cão, como a presença da lissa e a disposição das papilas, com exceção das folhadas, as quais não foram observadas.

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Rentrop, M., B. Knapp, H. Winter, and J. Schweizer. "Differential localization of distinct keratin mRNA-species in mouse tongue epithelium by in situ hybridization with specific cDNA probes." Journal of Cell Biology 103, no. 6 (December 1, 1986): 2583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.103.6.2583.

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The tongue of the adult mouse is covered by a multilayered squamous epithelium which is continuous on the ventral surface, however interrupted on the dorsal surface by many filiform and few fungiform papillae. The filiform papillae themselves are subdivided into an anterior and posterior unit exhibiting different forms of keratinization. Thus, the entire epithelium shows a pronounced morphological diversity of well recognizable tissue units. We have used a highly sensitive in situ hybridization technique to investigate the differential expression of keratin mRNAs in the tongue epithelium. The hybridization probes used were cDNA restriction fragments complementary to the most specific 3'-regions of any given keratin mRNA. We could show that independent of the morphologically different tongue regions, all basal cells uniformly express the mRNA of a type I 52-kD keratin, typical also for basal cells of the epidermis. Immediately above the homogenous basal layer a vertically oriented specialization of the keratin expression occurs within the morphological tissue units. Thus the dorsal interpapillary and ventral epithelium express the mRNAs of a type II 57-kD and a type I 47-kD keratin pair. In contrast, in the anterior unit of the filiform papillae, only the 47-kD mRNA is present, indicating that this keratin may be coexpressed in tongue epithelium with different type II partners. In suprabasal cells of both, the fungiform papillae and the posterior unit of the filiform papillae, a mRNA of a type I 59-kD keratin could be detected; however, its type II 67-kD epidermal counterpart seems not to be present in these cells. Most surprisingly, in distinct cells of both types of papillae, a type I 50-kD keratin mRNA could be localized which usually is associated with epidermal hyperproliferation. In conclusion, the in situ hybridization technique applied has been proved to be a powerful method for detailed studies of differentiation processes, especially in morphologically complex epithelia.

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Peña-Santiago, Reyes, and Joaquín Abolafia. "Nematodes of the order Rhabditida from Andalucía Oriental, Spain. The genus Ablechroiulus Andrássy, 1966 with description of three new species and a key to species." Nematology 11, no. 1 (2009): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854108x398435.

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AbstractThree new species of the genus Ablechroiulus are described from natural areas in the SE Iberian Peninsula. Ablechroiulus castaneanus sp. n. is characterised by a body length of 0.69-0.80 mm in females and 0.58-0.76 mm in males, lip region offset by a shallow constriction and with six rounded lips bearing setae, stoma 18-20 μm long, metacorpus cylindrical, vulva prominent with high lips, female tail (45-52 μm, c = 12.5-15.6, c′ = 2.5-2.7) divided into two distinct regions, phasmid at base of anterior region of tail, male tail (39-63 μm, c = 12.1-14.8, c′ = 2.6-2.7) with posterior filiform part and acute terminus, bursa leptoderan with nine pairs of papillae (1 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 3), spicules 21-25 μm long and gubernaculum 10-15 μm long. Ablechroiulus querquetulanus sp. n. is characterised by a body length of 1.2-1.5 mm in females and 1.4 mm in male, stoma 24-31 μm long, procorpus 1.5 times longer than metacorpus, female tail filiform (262-318 μm, c = 4.2-4.7, c′ = 9-11), male tail (180-228 μm, c = 6.2-7.8, c′ = 3.8-5.4) with very long posterior filiform part, bursa leptoderan with nine pairs of papillae (1 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 2) of which papillae 2-3 and 5-6 are fused at base, spicules 63-72 μm long and fused at terminus and gubernaculum 32-46 μm long. Ablechroiulus verminosus sp. n. is characterised by a body length of 0.76-1.10 mm in females and 0.83-0.97 mm in males, lip region with six rounded lips bearing three setae on each side, stoma 18-26 μm long, female tail filiform (88-167 μm, c = 6.6-8.7, c′ = 5.0-7.1), male tail (63-81 μm, c = 11.0-13.3, c′ = 2.7-3.2) with posterior filiform part, bursa leptoderan with nine pairs of papillae (1 + 2 + 1 + 2 + 3) of which papillae 5-6 are fused at base, spicules 29-42 μm long, and gubernaculum 10-24 μm long. SEM pictures are provided for A. verminosus sp. n. An identification key to species of the genus as well as a tabular compendium are also provided.

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S, Dahhouki, Issoual K, Bennani M, Douhi Z, Elloudi S, Baybay H, and Mernissi FZ. "Pigmented Fungiform Papillae of the Tongue: Clinic and Dermoscopy." Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports 3, no. 2 (July 9, 2020): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.36502/2020/asjbccr.6206.

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Fungiform papillae, primarily located on the tip and lateral border, or dorsum surface of the tongue and intertwined with the filiform papillae, are mushroom-shaped epithelial elevations composed of taste buds at the upper surface overlying a core of connective tissue. Pigmented fungiform papillae of the tongue is a benign condition more common in dark-skinned adults and children, is characterized by localized hyperpigmentation which is confined to these structures. We report a case of 26 year-old-woman with pigmented fungiform papillae.

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Kullaa-Mikkonen, A., M. Hynynen, and P. Hyvönen. "Filiform Papillae of Human, Rat and Swine Tongue." Cells Tissues Organs 130, no. 3 (1987): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000146457.

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22

Hernawati, Sri. "Management of Hairy Tongue With Oral Candidiasis In Active Smokers." Health Notions 4, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/hn40203.

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Hairy tongue is an abnormal lengthening of the filiform papillae of the tongue, clinically the dorsum of the tongue looks hair-coated. The etiology of hairy tongue is idiopathic. Predisposing factors for hairy tongue are poor oral hygiene, antibiotics, excessive smoking, oral candidiasis, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy. Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection of the oral cavity caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). This fungus can cause a pathogenic condition, and is the most common fungal infection found in the human oral cavity. Predisposing factors for oral candidiasis are the use of dentures, xerostomia, stress, and smoking habits. Objective: To demonstrate the management of a case of hairy tongue with oral candidiasis on the dorsum of the tongue. Case: A 54-year-old male patient came to the Dental Hospital of Jember University for treatment with a complaint of feeling thick and yellowish-brown color on the back of the tongue with clinical features of an extension of the papillae filiformis in the posterior third of the dorsum of the tongue, and a white-yellowish white plaque, could be scraped, but not sick. The patient had complained it since ± 3 years ago. The patient claimed to have never had his tongue scraped off and never treated it. In addition, he smoked a pack of cigarette a day and consumed coffee every morning and evening. Conclusion: The final diagnosis in the patient was hairy tongue with oral candidiasis on the dorsum of the tongue. Therapy provided to the patient i.e. Nystatin oral suspension functions as a topical antifungal medication, Becomzet multivitamin (Vitamin B complex, A, C, E, and Zinc) as a multivitamin and Tongue cleaner as a tongue cleaner. Dental and oral health education was conducted for preventing hairy tongue. Keywords: hairy tongue; oral candidiasis; active smokers

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23

Zhang, Chao-nan, and Qi-zhi Liu. "Phasmarhabditis zhejiangensis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), a new rhabditid nematode from Zhejiang, China." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): e0241413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241413.

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A new nematode species of the genus Phasmarhabditis was isolated from the body surface of a slug (Philomycus bilineatus Benson, PB). Morphological and molecular analyses confirmed this nematode as a new species. The nematode was named Phasmarhabditis zhejiangensis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) and is dioecious. In males, the open bursa with genital papillae is characterized by the formula 1-1-1-2-1-3, and the spicule length is 58μm. In female, the vulva is located approximately in the middle of the body. The nematode belongs to papillosa group because of its tail shape pointed with filiform tip. The phasmids are rod-shaped. The posterior anus is slightly swollen. P. zhejiangensis was further characterized by internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA sequences. After the sequencing results were compared with sequences available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), the maximum similarities of ITS, 18S and 28S sequences were 89.81%, 96.22% and 95.28%, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses placed Phasmarhabditis zhejiangensis sp. nov. in the genus Phasmarhabditis.

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Blanco Avellaneda, Camilo, and Andrés Fernando Blanco Inzunza. "Lengua negra pilosa asociada a carcinoma escamocelular de esófago." Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología 36, Supl. 1 (April 21, 2021): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22516/25007440.623.

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La lengua negra pilosa (LNP) es una alteración benigna caracterizada por coloración oscura e hipertrofia con hiperqueratosis en las papilas filiformes de la superficie de la lengua. Han sido implicados varios factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos como causales, entre ellos la pobre higiene dental, el tabaquismo, la ingesta de bebidas oscuras, el uso de antibióticos y algunas patologías malignas. Reportamos el caso de un paciente con carcinoma escamocelular avanzado de esófago medio conjunto con LNP, asociación no encontrada previamente en la literatura.

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25

Iida, M., I. Yoshioka, and H. Muto. "Three-Dimensional and Surface Structures of Rat Filiform Papillae." Cells Tissues Organs 121, no. 4 (1985): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000145972.

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Iwasaki, Shin-Ichi, and Ken Miyata. "Fine structure of the filiform papilla of beagle dogs." Journal of Morphology 201, no. 3 (September 1989): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052010303.

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Parvez, MNH, and MT Rahaman. "ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE TONGUE OF INDIGENOUS COW (BOS INDICUS) IN BANGLADESH WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON PAPILLAE DISTRIBUTION." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 3, no. 2 (July 23, 2012): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v3i2.11379.

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The present study was conducted on the tongue of six apparently healthy indigenous (Bos indicus) cows of different age and sex and they were collected from local market at Dinajpur district and this research work was conducted in the Department of Anatomy and Histology, Dinajpur Government Veterinary College, Dinajpur during the research period from the month of July 2003 to April 2004. After proper euthanasia, the animals were killed and then the tongues of these animals were dissected out from the carcasses and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution. In the present study it was observed that the tongue of indigenous cow (Bos indicus) of Bangladesh has three parts: the root, body and an apex. The dorsum linguae was specially more pronounced in its centre and was occupied by numerous types of masticatory and gustatory papillae. The fine rasp-like filiform papillae were more numerous and directed caudally throughout the dorsum and packed closely in front of the fossa linguae throughout the tip, whereas, the club shaped fungi form papillae were irregularly distributed all over the dorsum among the filiform papillae. The broad headed lentil shaped lenticular papillae was also found in the rostral two-thirds of the dorsum but better developed along the mid-line of the tongue. The large conical papillae of the tongue of Bos indicus occurred in the rostral two-thirds of the dorsum with a higher concentration in the middle portion of the tongue, however, the small ones occurred through out the torus. The vallate papillae of the tongue of Bos indicus were 12-20 in number on either side and dispersed in two irregular rows (25-40) in total along the caudolateral two-thirds of the dorsum. The mucosa of the root of the tongue of Bos indicus did not show any specific papillae but it was rather smooth due to diffused lymphoid tissue distribution (lingual tonsil).

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Kawasaki, Maiko, Katsushige Kawasaki, Shelly Oommen, James Blackburn, Momoko Watanabe, Takahiro Nagai, Atsushi Kitamura, et al. "Regional regulation of Filiform tongue papillae development by Ikkα/Irf6." Developmental Dynamics 245, no. 9 (July 13, 2016): 937–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.24427.

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29

Karan, M., S. Yilmaz, and A. Aydin. "Morphology of the Filiform Lingual Papillae in Porcupine (Hystrix cristata)." Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 40, no. 2 (November 24, 2010): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2010.01045.x.

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30

Scardina, G. A., and P. Messina. "Microvascular characteristics of the human filiform papillae: a videocapillaroscopic study." Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 188, no. 2 (March 2006): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2005.08.016.

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31

Goździewska-Harłajczuk, Karolina, Pavla Hamouzová, Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot, Karolina Barszcz, and Petr Čížek. "Microstructure of the Surface of the Tongue and Histochemical Study of the Lingual Glands of the Lowland Tapir (Tapirus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758) (Perissodactyla: Tapiridae)." Animals 10, no. 12 (December 4, 2020): 2297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122297.

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Although the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract has been characterized in the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris), the exact anatomy of its tongue has not been studied. Samples of the lingual papillae and lingual glands were collected from the tongue of an adult female lowland tapir. The microscopic analysis of the structure of the lingual papillae and the histochemical analysis of the secretion of the lingual glands were analyzed. The tongue of the tapir is divided into the apex, body with a distinct lingual prominence, and the root. Its ventral surface is smooth. The most numerous of the mechanical papillae were the filiform papillae, while numerous conical papillae with a sharp apex or more rounded papillae were present in the root of the tongue. There were also nine vallate papillae and pair of foliate papillae. The foliate papillae contained several folds parted by 12–14 grooves. The mucous secretion produced by the lingual glands was more obvious than the serous secretion. The features of the dorsal surface of the tongue as well as the shape and number of the lingual papillae on the surface of the tongue of the examined female tapir differ compared to Equidae or Rhinocerotidae, the other two representatives of Perissodactyla. However, further study is necessary for the synapomorpy of the tapir’s tongue.

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32

Sharma, R. S. K., M. K. Vidyadaran, I. Zulkifli, J. Mohd Azlan, S. Sumita, A. J. Azilah, and O. K. Ho. "Ecomorphological implications of the microstructures on the tongue of the fawn roundleaf bat, Hipposideros cervinus (Chiroptera : Hipposideridae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 47, no. 4 (1999): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo98051.

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The morphology of the lingual papillae on the tongue of the fawn round-leaf bat (Hipposideros cervinus) was studied by scanning electron microscopy to determine its functional role in feeding ecology. Both mechanical and gustatory papillae were detected on the lingual surface. Large pronged papillae at the lingual apex provide a rake-like surface that facilitates quick retrieval of insect prey that may be trapped by the wing and tail membranes. These papillae also provide additional traction and act as a barrier, preventing the insects from escaping. Additional securing and gripping structures include the crowned filiform papillae situated on the anterior half of the tongue. Conical papillae on the lateral and medial aspects of the lingual root serve as a protective barrier to the lingual mucosa, and aid in directing insect fragments towards the oesophagus. The pair of small vallate papillae at the lingual root may reflect a compromise in gustatory potential. Taste perception may be a secondary feature in food selection of this bat and fungiform papillae may resume a more important mechanical function. Collectively, the lingual papillae of H. cervinus portray an adaptation to mechanical manipulation of food, instead of taste perception, which may not be of primary importance to insect feeders.

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Kleinteich, Thomas, and Stanislav N. Gorb. "Frog tongue surface microstructures: functional and evolutionary patterns." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 7 (June 22, 2016): 893–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.7.81.

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Frogs (Lissamphibia: Anura) use adhesive tongues to capture fast moving, elusive prey. For this, the tongues are moved quickly and adhere instantaneously to various prey surfaces. Recently, the functional morphology of frog tongues was discussed in context of their adhesive performance. It was suggested that the interaction between the tongue surface and the mucus coating is important for generating strong pull-off forces. However, despite the general notions about its importance for a successful contact with the prey, little is known about the surface structure of frog tongues. Previous studies focused almost exclusively on species within the Ranidae and Bufonidae, neglecting the wide diversity of frogs. Here we examined the tongue surface in nine different frog species, comprising eight different taxa, i.e., the Alytidae, Bombinatoridae, Megophryidae, Hylidae, Ceratophryidae, Ranidae, Bufonidae, and Dendrobatidae. In all species examined herein, we found fungiform and filiform papillae on the tongue surface. Further, we observed a high degree of variation among tongues in different frogs. These differences can be seen in the size and shape of the papillae, in the fine-structures on the papillae, as well as in the three-dimensional organization of subsurface tissues. Notably, the fine-structures on the filiform papillae in frogs comprise hair-like protrusions (Megophryidae and Ranidae), microridges (Bufonidae and Dendrobatidae), or can be irregularly shaped or absent as observed in the remaining taxa examined herein. Some of this variation might be related to different degrees of adhesive performance and may point to differences in the spectra of prey items between frog taxa.

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Hernawati, Sri. "Management of Geographic Tongue, Fissure Tongue, and Oral Candidiasis on Dorsum of an Elderly Smoking Patient’s Tongue." Health Notions 3, no. 4 (April 6, 2019): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/hn30405.

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Background: A geographic tongue is an inflammatory lesion of the tongue accompanied with atrophy formation of papilla or depapilation of the filiform papillae. The geographic tongue usually appears together with the appearance of the fissure tongue, a midline, multiple, fissure on the surface of the tongue that expands from front to back and has various patterns. Predisposing factors of geographic tongue and fissure tongue are nutritional deficiencies and stress. Oral candidiasis is one of the fungal infections that affect the oral mucosa caused by the fungus Candida albicans. Predisposing factors of oral candidiasis e.g. stress, and smoking habits. Case: 64-year-old male patient with a clinical appearance on the dorsum of the tongue in a bracelet-like form with depapilation, vertical fissure 3 mm deep and thick white plaque which could be scraped and felt painful. Diagnosis: geographic tongue, fissure tongue and oral candidiasis. Therapy: aloe vera in oral solution as antiinflammatory and analgesic, Nystatin oral suspension functions as a topical antifungal medicine, multivitamin Becomzet (Vitamin B complex, A, C, E, and Zinc) as a multivitamin. Conclusion: after therapy using aloe vera solution, nystantin becomzet controls both patients had undergone a healing process in both the case of geographic tongue, fissure tongue and oral candidiasis. Keywords: Geographic tongue, Candidasis

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Can, Mehmet, Şükrü Hakan Atalgin, and Mehmet Faruk Aydin. "Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies of the Lingual Papillae in the English Horse." Acta Veterinaria 66, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acve-2016-0022.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the distribution and surface structure of the lingual papillary system in four male adult English horses by scanning electron microscopy. The animals were supplied from the Jockey Club of Turkey (TJK). Tissue samples were taken from the dorsal, ventral and lateral surface of the apex, corpus and radix of the tongue. Filiform papillae were distributed mainly on the dorsum, being abundant, very long and with a slim cylindrical form with pointed endings or multi-bifurcated terminations at the apex. These papillae were typically conical in shape with a wider base in the corpus of the lingua and absent on the radix of the lingua. Fungiform papillae were mainly on the lateral surfaces and lobulated forms were also observed. The horses have two large vallate papillae, located on the dorsum close to the caudal part of the tongue. These papillae were surrounded by a prominent gustatory groove. The vallate papillae had many taste pores opening into the papillary groove. The foliate papillae were observed just rostral to the palatoglossal arches. These papillae have many variable sized taste pores which open into the grooves between the papillary leaves. The papillary leaves were covered with concentrically arranged cornified cells of variable appearance. However, there were no lingual papillae on the ventral aspect of the horse’s tongue.

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TOYODA, Masahiko, Shigeaki SAKITA, Masayori KAGOURA, and Masaaki MOROHASHI. "Electron Microscopic Characterization of Filiform Papillae in the Normal Human Tongue." Archives of Histology and Cytology 61, no. 3 (1998): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1679/aohc.61.253.

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37

Kuramae, Katsuhiko. "Morphology and microvascular architecture of the filiform papillae in the rat." Japanese Journal of Oral Biology 31, no. 4 (1989): 341–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2330/joralbiosci1965.31.341.

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38

Wong, Pauline, Emma Colucci-Guyon, Kenzo Takahashi, Changhong Gu, Charles Babinet, and Pierre A. Coulombe. "Introducing a Null Mutation in the Mouse K6α and K6β Genes Reveals Their Essential Structural Role in the Oral Mucosa." Journal of Cell Biology 150, no. 4 (August 21, 2000): 921–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.150.4.921.

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Mammalian genomes feature multiple genes encoding highly related keratin 6 (K6) isoforms. These type II keratins show a complex regulation with constitutive and inducible components in several stratified epithelia, including the oral mucosa and skin. Two functional genes, K6α and K6β, exist in a head-to-tail tandem array in mouse genomes. We inactivated these two genes simultaneously via targeting and homologous recombination. K6 null mice are viable and initially indistinguishable from their littermates. Starting at two to three days after birth, they show a growth delay associated with reduced milk intake and the presence of white plaques in the posterior region of dorsal tongue and upper palate. These regions are subjected to greater mechanical stress during suckling. Morphological analyses implicate the filiform papillae as being particularly sensitive to trauma in K6α/K6β null mice, and establish the complete absence of keratin filaments in their anterior compartment. All null mice die about a week after birth. These studies demonstrate an essential structural role for K6 isoforms in the oral mucosa, and implicate filiform papillae as being the major stress bearing structures in dorsal tongue epithelium.

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39

Thomazo, Jean-Baptiste, Javier Contreras Pastenes, Christopher J. Pipe, Benjamin Le Révérend, Elie Wandersman, and Alexis M. Prevost. "Probing in-mouth texture perception with a biomimetic tongue." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, no. 159 (October 2, 2019): 20190362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0362.

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An experimental biomimetic tongue–palate system has been developed to probe human in-mouth texture perception. Model tongues are made from soft elastomers patterned with fibrillar structures analogous to human filiform papillae. The palate is represented by a rigid flat plate parallel to the plane of the tongue. To probe the behaviour under physiological flow conditions, deflections of model papillae are measured using a novel fluorescent imaging technique enabling sub-micrometre resolution of the displacements. Using optically transparent Newtonian liquids under steady shear flow, we show that deformations of the papillae allow their viscosity to be determined from 1 Pa s down to the viscosity of water (1 mPa s), in full quantitative agreement with a previously proposed model (Lauga et al. 2016 Front. Phys. 4 , 35 ( doi:10.3389/fphy.2016.00035 )). The technique is further validated for a shear-thinning and optically opaque dairy system.

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40

Souza, Aline F., Vanessa C. Oliveira, Amilton C. Santos, Ricardo A. Rosa, Ana F. Carvalho, Carlos E. Ambrósio, and Celina A. F. Mançanares. "Morfologia macro e microscópica das papilas linguais do quati (Nasua nasua)." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32, no. 3 (March 2012): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2012000300016.

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O quati (Nasua nasua) é um animal que pertence à Família Procyonidae. Foram utilizados três animais ortotanasiados, de ambos os sexos, provenientes do Criatório Científico de Animais Silvestres, Centro Universitário Fundação de Ensino Octávio Bastos (Cecrimpas, Unifeob) autorizado pelo IBAMA (Proc.02027.003731/04-76). Para a análise macroscópica, as línguas foram retiradas, analisadas e foto-documentadas. Para análise microscópica, as línguas foram processadas rotineiramente pela técnica de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e inclusão em Paraplast; pela técnica de microscopia de luz os fragmentos foram cortados em micrótomo, com espessura média de 5mm e corados em HE e Picrosírius com fundo de hematoxilina. Os resultados macroscópicos e microscópicos mostram que a língua do quati apresenta papilas filiformes, fungiformes, valadas e cônicas sendo estas distribuídas nas regiões rostralis, medialis e caudalis. Histologicamente, a língua do quati é revestida por um epitélio pavimentoso estratificado queratinizado apresentando camada basal, espinhosa, granulosa e córnea com fibras de músculos estriados esqueléticos longitudinais e transversais e diversas glândulas. De acordo com os resultados pode-se concluir que a língua do quati possui características macroscópicas e microscópicas semelhantes aos canídeos, tendo como diferença o número de papilas valadas e o grau de queratinização.

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41

ORSELLI, LARA, MIRELLA CLAUSI, and MARIA TERESA VINCIGUERRA. "The genus Paradorylaimus Andrássy, 1969 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with description of three new species from Ecuador." Zootaxa 3302, no. 1 (May 7, 2012): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3302.1.2.

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Three new species of Paradorylaimus Andrássy, 1969, found in moss and litter of natural environments of Ecuador aredescribed. P. andinus sp. n. is characterized by 1.65–2.26 mm long female body, lip region set off by a depression, odontostyle26.5–32. 5 μm long and 3.0–4.5 µm wide; pre-rectum 1.1–2.4 anal body diameters long in female and 1.2–2.3 in male; 0–3 pre-vulval and 0–5 postvulval papillae; spicules 60–80 µm long; 13–14 ventral supplements; female tail elongate-filiform, 6–10anal body diameters long; male tail short, 0.7–1 cloacal body diameters long, dorsally convex, with a marked ventral concavityand blunt terminus. P. longicaudatus sp. n. is characterized by 1.78–2.14 mm long female body, lip region slightly set off by adepression, odontostyle 30–32.5 μm long and 2.0–3.5 µm wide; pre-rectum 1.3–2.3 anal body diameters long in female and 2–3.5 in male; paravulval papillae absent; spicules 44.5–62.5 µm long; 11–13 ventral supplements; female tail elongate-filiform,11–16 anal body diameters long; male tail short, 0.8–0.9 cloacal body diameters long, convex conoid, with blunt terminus. P.flagellicaudatus sp. n. is characterized by 1.65–1.73 mm long female body, lip region continuous, odontostyle 19–24 μm longand 2–2.5 µm wide; pre-rectum 1.8–2.6 anal body diameters long in female and 2.4 in male; spicules 45 µm long; 10 ventralsupplements; female tail elongate-filiform, 25–26 anal body diameters long; male tail short, conoid, 0.8 cloacal body diameterslong. The authors support the validity of the genus Paradorylaimus, provide an updated diagnosis and furnish a compendium of the main morphometric parameters of its species and a key to them.

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42

Nermuť, Jiří, Vladimír Půža, and Zdeněk Mráček. "Re-description of the slug-parasitic nematode Alloionema appendiculatum Schneider, 1859 (Rhabditida: Alloionematidae)." Nematology 17, no. 8 (2015): 897–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002911.

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Alloionema appendiculatum is a common juvenile parasite of many terrestrial molluscs. Its third-stage juveniles (dauers) invade the foot muscle of snails and slugs and develop into fourth-stage juveniles, which then leave the host. Later they mature and reproduce in the soil. A population of A. appendiculatum was isolated from infected individuals of the invasive slug Arion vulgaris (= A. lusitanicus), collected in the city of České Budějovice, Czech Republic, and was designated as the AL strain. This nematode is also able to reproduce on pig kidney in laboratory culture. Our isolate was compared primarily with the description published by Mengert (1953) and in some aspects with the original description published by Schneider (1859). Insufficient morphology, morphometrics, phylogeny and an absence of pictorial material encouraged us to re-describe this frequent slug parasite and to add some new information on its life-cycle. The species is characterised by the absence, in adults, of ridges in the lateral fields. At this life stage the stoma is short, narrow and approximately twice as long as it is broad. Fourth-stage female juveniles produce a mucus-like substance from the phasmids. Males possess six pairs of papillae and a single inconspicuous papilla. The nematode has both parasitic and saprophytic life-cycles. Parasitic adults are bigger than the saprophytes and have a thick, digitate tail, whereas the smaller saprophytic generation has a filiform tail. The species is amphimictic, displaying a higher proportion of females, but males are frequent.

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Yamamoto, Toshio, Shintaro Kondo, and Hiroshi Nagai. "On the distribution of elastic fibers in the filiform papillae of Suncus murinus." Japanese Journal of Oral Biology 31, no. 4 (1989): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2330/joralbiosci1965.31.379.

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44

Li, Feng, Bo-Wen Niu, and Meng-Min Zhu. "Ablation of NTPDase2+ cells inhibits the formation of filiform papillae in tongue tip." Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 1, no. 2 (June 2018): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12021.

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S, Vinubal. "FILIFORM, FUNGIFORM PAPILLAE AND TASTE BUDS: DISTRIBUTION AND AGE CHANGES: A MICROSCOPIC STUDY." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 5, no. 79 (October 3, 2016): 5905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2016/1333.

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46

Lee, Si-Joon, Gyu-Hyen Cho, Mun-Ki Kim, Chong-Sup Kim, and Chung-Kil Won. "Scanning electron microscopy of filiform papillae development in Korean native goats (Capra hircus)." Korean Journal of Veterinary Research 58, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14405/kjvr.2018.58.4.171.

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47

Li, Lin, De-Ping Ye, and Song-Jun Zeng. "Bulbophyllum chrysolabium (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Malaxideae), a new species from Yunnan, China." PhytoKeys 111 (November 13, 2018): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.111.28136.

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Bulbophyllumchrysolabium, a new species belonging to section Racemosae from Yunnan, China is described and illustrated. The species is related to B.orientale and B.morphologorum, but differs by having the following set of characters: obliquely broadly-based triangular petals with a long filiform apex; lip densely glandular papillose and conspicuously ciliolate along margins; lip auricles well developed, narrowly falcate, tapering to a long sharp point at the apex; stelidia subulate and twisted inwards, slightly exceeding operculum. The conservation status of B.chrysolabium is assessed and taxonomic notes are provided.

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Ohmura, Susumu. "Lectin histochemical and ultrastructural study on the filiform papilla of the hamster tongue." Japanese Journal of Oral Biology 30, no. 1 (1988): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2330/joralbiosci1965.30.83.

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MAEDA, Manabu. "Dermoscopic patterns of the filiform papillae of the tongue in patients with Sjogren's syndrome." Journal of Dermatology 33, no. 2 (February 2006): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1346-8138.2006.00020.x.

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Machado, Márcia R. F., Maria R. Pacheco, Leonardo M. Leal, Leandro L. Martins, Ana C. G. dos Reis, and José M. B. Duarte. "Morfologia da língua do cervo do pantanal (Blastocerus dichotomus)." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 36, no. 4 (April 2016): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2016000400016.

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Abstract:

Resumo Objetivou-se descrever a morfologia da língua do cervo do pantanal (Blastocerus dichotomus), o maior cervídeo da fauna brasileira, pois poucas são as informações detalhadas sobre sua morfologia. Línguas e fragmentos linguais de oito cervos do pantanal, adultos, provenientes do Projeto Cervo-do-Pantanal de Porto Primavera foram analisados quanto aos seus aspectos macroscópicos e à microscopia de luz. A língua do cervo do pantanal ocupa grande parte da cavidade oral, onde a raiz e o corpo estão fixados caudalmente pelo osso hióide e, em sua porção média, pelo frênulo lingual; seu ápice, achatado e plano é livre; apresenta torus lingual pouco proeminente, não havendo delimitação da fossa lingual. Na superfície dorsal encontram-se as seguintes papilas: filiformes, cônicas, lenticulares, fungiformes e valadas. Histologicamente verificou-se que a mucosa reveste-se de epitélio estratificado pavimentoso queratinizado, a lâmina própria constitui-se de tecido conjuntivo, rico em fibras colágenas dispostas em várias direções, onde se verifica abundante vascularização, além de acúmulo de tecido linfático.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Papilles filiformes'

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