Relevant bibliographies by topics / Papua New Guinea Economic conditions

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Papua New Guinea Economic conditions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Papua New Guinea Economic conditions"

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Jacka, Jerry K. "Uneven development in the Papua New Guinea highlands." Focaal 2015, no. 73 (December 1, 2015): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2015.730105.

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Over the last 20 years, Papua New Guinea has been at the center of a resource development boom as mining, petroleum, and logging companies extract the rich resources of this tropical Pacific island. As 97 percent of the country is owned by customary groups who correspondingly receive benefits from extraction, resource development has the potential to integrate local communities into the global economy in beneficial ways. Often, though, this is not the case, as small factions of landowners control the bulk of development proceeds. In this article, I examine the development of a coffee growing scheme adjacent to the world-class Porgera Gold Mine, intended to help local people who are marginal to mining benefit streams. Tragically, however, instead of engaging in coffee production, many disenfranchised young men in Porgera prefer to work in the “life market”—a term they use to describe tribal warfare in which groups not receiving benefits attack benefit-receiving groups in the attempt to extort monetary payments. Not only are individuals' lives at stake in the life market, but so too are the economic conditions—coffee and gold mining—that allow the life market's very existence.
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Cullen, Trevor, and Ruth Callaghan. "Reporting HIV in Papua New Guinea: Trends and omissions from 2000 to 2010." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 16, no. 2 (October 1, 2010): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v16i2.1040.

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This article presents the findings from a longitudinal content analysis on the reporting of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in Papua New Guinea’s two national newspapers—The National and Post-Courier—in 2000, 2005 and 2010. The authors tried to answer two key questions: Did press coverage of the disease increase and did the topics change or remain the same? Data from the content analysis showed that coverage of the disease increased significantly during the ten-year study period, and that the framing of the disease moved beyond representing HIV as purely a health story to one that was linked to socio-economic conditions and cultural practices. The feature stories gradually showed more sensitivity to people living with HIV, while they recognised and challenged the social stigma still associated with the disease in much of the country.
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P. Faith, Daniel, C. R. Margules, and P. A. Walker. "A biodiversity conservation plan for Papua New Guinea based on biodiversity trade-offs analysis." Pacific Conservation Biology 6, no. 4 (2000): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc010304.

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A rapid biodiversity assessment ("BioRap") project identified candidate areas for biodiversity protection in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and provides an ongoing evaluation framework for balancing biodiversity conservation and other land use needs. Achieving a biodiversity protection target with minimum opportunity cost was an important outcome given that biodiversity values overlap with forestry production values, and high forgone forestry opportunities would mean significant losses to land owners and the government. Allocation of 16.8% of PNG's land area to some form of biodiversity protection was required, in order to achieve the level of biodiversity representation/persistence that would have been possible using only 10% of the land area if there were no constraints on land allocation and no land use history. This result minimizes potential conflict with forestry production opportunities while also taking account of land use history, human population density and previous conservation assessments. The analysis provides more than a Single set of proposed priority areas. It is a framework for progressively moving towards a country-wide conservation goal, while at the same time providing opportunities to alter the priority area set in light of new knowledge, changes in land use, and/or changes in economic and social conditions.
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Mandibondibo, Paulus, Suzanna Wanggai, Johni Korwa, Yulius Lada, Galuh Putri Utami, Barrisen Rumabar, and Didin Hardiansyah. "State Borders as Center of Economic Growth: Case Study of the East Arso District in the Indonesia – Papua New Guinea Border." Papua Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations 2, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 35–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/pjdir.v2i1.1966.

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This article aims to pinpoint the East Arso District’s existing economic conditions and identify factors contributing to devising the region as the center of economic growth in the Indonesia–Papua New Guinea (PNG) border. Data were collected through focus group discussion, observation, and a literature review conducted between October and November 2021. By using a qualitative approach, this study found that the East Arso District offers the potential to be developed as the center of economic growth in the Indonesia–PNG border. The region community’s commodities are considered including agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and livestock goods. The scope of the study also examines the condition of PNG’s neighboring communities in Sandaun Province, road infrastructure, and cross-border and security. This article proposes a model of economic development for the East Arso District: the establishment of Transnational Border Posts (PLBN), border market, road infrastructure, a multi-purpose cooperative society and improvement of access to commodities, education, and health. Additionally, the plans to create the East Arso district the center of economic growth are also expected to strengthen ties and cooperation between Indonesia and PNG, which, in turn, can prevent misunderstanding and conflict in the future. KEYWORDSBorder; East Arso; Indonesia; Keerom; PNG
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Baharuddin, Alfini, and Bambang Hari Wibisono. "KOMPLEMENTER DAN REDUKSI KOMPETISI DALAM KETERKAITAN FUNGSIONAL DUA PUSAT RUANG PERKOTAAN DI KOTA JAYAPURA." TATALOKA 19, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.19.2.104-116.

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Jayapura City is the capital of Papua Province, located at the eastern end of Indonesia and has a direct borders with neighboring countries, Papua New Guinea (PNG). The geographical conditions of Jayapura City are very diverse leads to the formation of separate urban centers. Currently there are two parts of urban centers in Jayapura City, known as Jayapura and Abepura. This situation gave rise to a unique character in the overall system of Jayapura City, so it is necessary to examine how the two urban centers interact in Jayapura City. This study aims to assess the functional linkages that occur between Jayapura and Abepura using the case study method. Data collected through direct observation, secondary data collection and structured interviews using a questionnaire. The results showed that the functional linkages that occurred between Jayapura and Abepura are complementary functions of their natural advantages, and functions that are homogeneous but did not compete in the provision of economic and public service. In this case, the functions homogeneous appearing not cause competition, resulting in a reduction of competition.
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Dighton, Peter. "A case study of the Flex LNG/Rift Oil floating LNG project in Papua New Guinea." APPEA Journal 49, no. 2 (2009): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08067.

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Flex LNG Limited is a producer of units for the production, storage and off-take of liquefied natural gas (LNG). It currently has four of these units committed for construction by Samsung Heavy Industries in Korea, utilising the SPB LNG containment system. The world’s first floating liquefaction unit will be delivered to Flex in 2012. Floating LNG facilities have unique potential for monetising uncommitted gas reserves. In June 2008 Flex and Rift PLC entered into a co-operation agreement under which they agreed to work together to develop a floating liquefaction project offshore Papua New Guinea (PNG). The project will utilise Rift’s gas reserves and one of Flex LNG’s floating liquefaction units. Annual production capacity will be 1.5 million tonnes of LNG and start-up is targetted for 2012. The paper will be a case study of this project including: critical path, project structure and contractual matrix, upstream reserves and facilities, feed gas quantity and quality, pipeline issues and, key design parameters and liquefaction operations for the LNG producer. The paper will also cover: direct and indirect stakeholders in the project; economics and financing; PNG-specific issues such as geography, permitting, fiscal regime, local employment opportunities, marine conditions, infrastructure and sovereign risk; LNG demand in the Pacific and LNG marketing and off-take arrangements.
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Walton, Grant W. "Silent screams and muffled cries." Asian Education and Development Studies 5, no. 2 (April 11, 2016): 211–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-01-2016-0005.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the key causes of and solutions to corruption in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and suggest ways for improving anti-corruption efforts. Design/methodology/approach – This paper comprises a desk-based review of academic literature, policy documents and media. Findings – Fighting corruption in PNG requires an understanding of and response to local political, historic, cultural and economic issues. In particular, anti-corruption actors need to pay attention to: first, the opportunities and threats associated with state politics; second, the structural conditions that cause citizens to support corruption; third, the role of non-state actors in causing corruption; and fourth, ensuring stronger legal responses to corruption that result in prosecutions. Originality/value – This paper highlights key issues which anti-corruption organisations in PNG should address, examines state and non-state causes of corruption, and provides an updated analysis of key drives and solutions to corruption in PNG.
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Blacket, M. J., A. D. Rice, L. Semeraro, and M. B. Malipatil. "DNA-based identifications reveal multiple introductions of the vegetable leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) into the Torres Strait Islands and Papua New Guinea." Bulletin of Entomological Research 105, no. 5 (May 20, 2015): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485315000383.

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AbstractLeafmining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) can be serious economic pests of horticultural crops. Some genera such as Liriomyza are particularly problematic with numerous species, some of which are highly polyphagous (wide host range), which can only be confidently identified morphologically from adult males. In our study, DNA barcoding was employed to establish new locality records of the vegetable leafminer fly, Liriomyza sativae, from the islands of Torres Strait (Queensland, Australia) and the central highlands of Papua New Guinea (PNG). These records represent significant range extensions of this highly invasive plant pest. Specimens of immature leafminers (from leaf mines) were collected over a 5-year period during routine plant health surveys in ethanol or on FTA® filter paper cards, both methods proved effective at preserving and transporting insect DNA under tropical conditions, with FTA cards possessing some additional logistical benefits. Specimens were identified through sequencing two sections of the cytochrome oxidase I gene and the utility of each was assessed for the identification of species and intra-specific genetic lineages. Our study indicates that multiple haplotypes of L. sativae occur in PNG, while a different haplotype is present in the Torres Strait, with genetic regionalization between these areas apart from a single possible instance – one haplotype ‘S.7’ appears to be common between these two regions – interestingly this has also been the most common haplotype detected in previous studies of invasive L. sativae populations. The DNA barcoding methods employed here not only identified multiple introductions of L. sativae, but also appear generally applicable to the identification of other agromyzid leafminers (Phytomyzinae and Agromyzinae) and should decrease the likelihood of potentially co-amplifying internal hymenopteran parasitoids. Currently, L. sativae is still not recorded from the Australian mainland; however, further sampling of leafminer flies from Northern Australia and surrounding areas is required, as surveillance for possible Liriomyza incursions, as well as to characterize endemic species with which Liriomyza species might be confused.
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KWAN, DONNA, HELENE MARSH, and STEVEN DELEAN. "Factors influencing the sustainability of customary dugong hunting by a remote indigenous community." Environmental Conservation 33, no. 2 (June 2006): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892906002992.

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The sustainability of indigenous customary hunting and fishing in remote areas can be influenced by human factors operating at global as well as regional and local scales because of the hybrid nature and sectoral interactions of the local economic environment. The internationally significant population of dugongs (Dugong dugon or seacow) in Torres Strait between Australia and Papua New Guinea supports an important indigenous fishery. The economic, socio-cultural and environmental factors that influenced hunting activity in 1998 and 1999 by the members of the community of Mabuiag Island were investigated to inform the sustainable management of the fishery. The landed catch during the eight months March to October of 145 dugongs in 1998 and 170 dugongs in 1999 potentially provided the community with an average of 290 g of dugong meat per person per day. Fifty-seven per cent of adult males on the island participated in dugong hunting, but more than half the catch in each year was caught by only two hunters. The probability of at least one person from the community going dugong hunting in 1998 and 1999 was 0.59 ± 0.02 per day. This probability was influenced by local environmental factors, including the abundance of dugongs in the traditional hunting grounds (affected by wind speed, year, season and lunar day) and the size of the commercial crayfish catch (which is influenced by the global market price, as well as local conditions). Although dugong hunting remains a very important part of the islanders’ contemporary culture and customary economy, the capacity to hunt dugongs is facilitated by the ease with which some hunters move between the state, commercial and customary sectors of their local economy. The complexities of the economic, social and cultural environments need to be considered in planning for the sustainable harvesting of threatened species by remote indigenous communities.
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McKee, Rachel, Jacqueline Iseli, and Angela Murray. "Sign language interpreting in the Pacific: A snapshot of progress in raising the participation of deaf people." Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/nzps_00005_1.

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Abstract Barriers to acquiring and using a shared sign language alienate deaf children and adults from their fundamental human rights to communication, education, social and economic participation, and access to services. International data collected by the World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) identify that in economically developing countries, deaf individuals are at particularly high risk of marginalization, which applies to countries in the Pacific region. This report provides a snapshot of the status of deaf people as sign language users in six Pacific nations: Fiji, Papua New Guinea (PNG), Samoa, Solomon Islands, Timor Leste and Kiribati. Information was contributed by sign language interpreters from these countries during a panel convened at the first Oceania regional conference of the World Association of Sign Language Interpreters, in Fiji, 2018. The report outlines conditions for education through sign language and the emergence of sign language interpreting as a means of increasing access and social equity for deaf people in these countries, albeit this remains largely on a voluntary basis. While Fiji and PNG governments have recognized the status of sign languages in their respective countries and allocated some resources to the inclusion of sign language users, practical support of deaf sign language users tends to be progressed on grounds of disability rights rather than language rights; e.g., several Pacific countries have ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights for People with Disabilities, which includes provisions for sign language users, and deaf advocacy efforts have gained political traction from alliance with disability organizations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Papua New Guinea Economic conditions"

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Larcom, S. T. "A law and economic analysis of legal pluralism in Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1355957/.

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This thesis looks at how Papua New Guinea‟s two most prominent legal orders; customary law and state law sanction wrongs. The mode of analysis is primarily economic while also acknowledging the reality of deep legal pluralism. In a society subject to a legal transplant such as Papua New Guinea there will be wrongs under customary law and wrongs under state law. Some of these wrongs will be common to both legal orders, common wrongs, and some will be unique to each legal order, idiosyncratic wrongs. Sanctions used to correct these wrongs will either be wrongs under the other legal order or not. The thesis analyses the interactions of the two legal orders using this typology. The empirical element provides an overview of the level of wrongdoing in the New Guinea Islands; how the two legal orders sanction wrongs; differing conceptions of wrongs; the degree that the legal orders are seen as substitutes; the degree to which the legal orders support or undermine each other; and the effect their interaction may have on the deterrence against wrongs. It is argued that in relation to grave common wrongs the sanctions of the two legal orders are broadly substitutable. However, the state does not generally see them as so and in recent times the courts have shown an increasingly intolerant stance toward customary law sanctions. It is argued that the state‟s effort to use the criminal law as a tool for social change has failed and has contributed to a lack of personal security in many parts of Papua New Guinea. In light of previously failed reforms, and based on the empirical research, it is argued that greater recognition of customary law through the prosecution process should ameliorate many of the most problematic interactions between the legal orders in the control of wrongs.
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Farmer, John William. "Developing eye care and an analysis of eye conditions in Papua New Guinea." Connect to thesis, 2007. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/1730.

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Accessible and affordable eye care is only a dream for much of the population of developing countries. Strategies for improving the visual welfare of these people need to be appropriate to the local situation. In 1992 a proposal was devised to address the lack of eye care in Papua New Guinea. This thesis examines the outcome of this proposal and reports on the ophthalmic data collected by these trained eye nurses.Method: In 1994, 11 National nurses were trained in a 3 month intensive course to become ‘eye nurses’. A basic set of equipment was provided to each eye nurse. Appropriate follow-up and annual conferences supported this initial training. A second group of 14 eye nurses were trained in 1997. Monthly eye clinic reports from the eye nurses provide significant data on eye conditions and visual welfare in PNGResults: After 6 years 80% of the eye nurses were still actively working in eye care. An analysis was made of the eye conditions of the 30,000 patients examined by the eye nurses over this 6 year period. The data is generally consistent with previous ophthalmic data from Papua New Guinea. The eye nurses were able to provide appropriate eye care for 80% of the presenting patients without Optometric or Ophthalmic assistance.Conclusions: Training nurses to become ‘eye nurses’ functioning as basic optometrists is an effective strategy in improving eye care in developing countries. The eye nurses were able to deliver sustainable, accessible, affordable and appropriate eye care, independently treating and managing the most common eye conditions in Papua New Guinea.
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Monteleone, Brian D. "Timing and conditions of formation of the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, southeastern Papua New Guinea." Related electronic resource:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1342732551&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3739&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Wagner, John Richard 1949. "Commons in transition : an analysis of social and ecological change in a coastal rainforest environment in rural Papua New Guinea." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38435.

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This study describes the resource management practices of a rural community located in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. Lababia, a community of 500 people, is located in a coastal rainforest environment and is dependant for its livelihood on swidden agriculture and fishing. Lababia is also the site of an integrated conservation and development project facilitated by a non-governmental organisation based in a nearby urban centre.
The key resources on which Lababia depends are managed as the common property of either the village-as-a-whole or the various kin groups resident in the village, and for that reason common property theory has been used to inform the design of the research project and the analysis and interpretation of research results. However, the social foundations of resource management systems and the influence of external factors, commodity markets in particular, are not adequately represented in some of the more widely used analytical frameworks developed by common property theorists. These factors are of fundamental importance to the Lababia commons because of the many social, political and economic changes that have occurred there over the last century. For that reason the Lababia commons is referred to as a commons-in-transition .
Ethnographic and historical analysis, informed by common property theory, is used to develop a description of the property rights system existing at Lababia and resource management practices in the key sectors of fishing and agriculture. The management of forest resources is described on the basis of a comparison with Kui, a nearby village that, unlike Lababia, has allowed industrial logging activities on their lands. The impact of the conservation and development project on village life is also assessed and the study concludes by developing an analytical framework suitable to the Lababia commons and one that facilitates the development of policy appropriate to the planning of sustainable development projects generally and conservation and development projects in particular.
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Godbold, Kim Elizabeth. "Didiman: Australian agricultural extension officers in the territory of Papua and New Guinea, 1945-1975." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37665/1/Kim_Godbold_Thesis.pdf.

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Historically, the development philosophy for the two Territories of Papua and New Guinea (known as TPNG, formerly two territories, Papua and New Guinea) was equated with economic development, with a focus on agricultural development. To achieve the modification or complete change in indigenous farming systems the Australian Government’s Department of External Territories adopted and utilised a programme based on agricultural extension. Prior to World War II, under Australian administration, the economic development of these two territories, as in many colonies of the time, was based on the institution of the plantation. Little was initiated in agriculture development for indigenous people. This changed after World War II to a rationale based on the promotion and advancement of primary industry, but also came to include indigenous farmers. To develop agriculture within a colony it was thought that a modification to, or in some cases the complete transformation of, existing farming systems was necessary to improve the material welfare of the population. It was also seen to be a guarantee for the future national interest of the sovereign state after independence was granted. The Didiman and Didimisis became the frontline, field operatives of this theoretical model of development. This thesis examines the Didiman’s field operations, the structural organisation of agricultural administration and the application of policy in the two territories.
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Nihill, Michael. "Roads of presence : social relatedness and exchange in Anganen social structure /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn691.pdf.

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King, Sarah Elizabeth. "A cross-sectional study of socio-economic status, nutritional anthropometry and helminthiasis among the Kamea of Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624505.

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Jackson, Elizabeth C. "Conceptualizing international development project sustainability through a discursive theory of institutionalization : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management Studies /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1296.

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White, J. M. "Education, economic development and social change in Papua New Guinea : A study of households' educational strategies in the Rai Coast District." Thesis, University of Reading, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373769.

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Schram, Ryan. "Feast of water Christianity and the economic transformation of a Melanesian society /." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3369402.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed September 17, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 354-371).
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Books on the topic "Papua New Guinea Economic conditions"

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Duncan, Ronald C. Cost structures in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Institute of National Affairs, 1997.

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Lepani, Charles. Development issues in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Institute of National Affairs, 1990.

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Nita, Albert. Papua New Guinea national assessment report. [Port Moresby, P.N.G: University of Papua New Guiena], 2006.

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Britain), Anti-slavery Society (Great, ed. Papua New Guinea: A false economy. London: Anti-Slavery Society, 1986.

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Millett, John. Private sector development in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby: Institute of National Affairs, 1990.

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John, Connell. Papua New Guinea: The struggle for development. London: Routledge, 1997.

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Thomas, Webster, Kutan Lindsay, Somo Mathlina, and George Michael, eds. Papua New Guinea district and provincial profiles. Boroko, P.N.G: National Research Institute, 2010.

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Turner, Mark. Papua New Guinea: The challenge of independence. Ringwood, Vic., Australia: Penguin Books, 1990.

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Papua New Guinea development strategic plan 2010-2030. Port Moresby: Dept. of National Planning and Monitoring, 2010.

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Woldekidan, Berhanu. The general equilibrium model of Papua New Guinea. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Research School of Pacific Studies, ANU, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Papua New Guinea Economic conditions"

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Tracer, David P. "Justice Preferences: An Experimental Economic Study in Papua New Guinea." In Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Fairness, Equity, and Justice, 143–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58993-0_9.

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Conton, Leslie. "Social, Economic and Ecological Parameters of Infant Feeding in Usino, Papua New Guinea." In Infant Care and Feeding in the South Pacific, 97–119. Boca Raton: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315074726-6.

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Sillitoe, Paul. "Pigs in the New Guinea Highlands: an ethnographic example." In Pigs and Humans. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199207046.003.0029.

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Although archaeologists have long shown an interest in drawing on ethnographic parallels to further understanding of their findings (e.g. Orme 1981), anthropologists proved reluctant to engage in such endeavours for most of the 20th century. This was a reaction to the excesses of 19th century social evolutionary thinking that Europeans used in part to justify colonialism in various parts of the world, which they portrayed as an inevitable process as they, the ‘fittest’, encroached on the territories of ‘savages’. We have gradually been moving towards a more constructive engagement with archaeologists, and it is in this spirit that I offer this contribution to this volume, and have cooperated with archaeologist colleagues on other projects (Shott & Sillitoe 2001; 2004 Sillitoe & Hardy 2003). Nonetheless it comes with the usual anthropological warning about the need to maintain a culturally relative frame of mind when reading this chapter with a view to illuminating any archaeological data. There is no suggestion that the practices discussed here may be taken as somehow representative of any prehistoric population. Although those who live in a subsistence economy may offer more apt, better-scale comparisons with respect to pig-keeping than those who live in a market economy, the implication is not that they are stuck in the past. One cannot assume that such practices reflect those of ancient populations in Europe or elsewhere. They are unique cultural arrangements with their own histories. One of the most valuable lessons that we might draw from a consideration of ethnographic evidence is how enormously variable are human cultural formations, in this case in relation to pig management. In the Papua New Guinea Highlands it is with respect to socio-political exchange, which is developed in this region to extraordinary lengths (Sillitoe 1998), that we have to consider pig-keeping arrangements. The exchange focus conditions attitudes to pigs in ways that are unique, even surprising, for those of us accustomed to think in market terms. Furthermore, the data presented here should not be taken as typical of the Pacific region as they come from only one valley in the Highlands. The Melanesian region displays great cultural variety with regard to pig-keeping, as in other domains, and for a representative view one needs to consult a wide range of sources.
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"PAPUA NEW GUINEA." In The Atlas of Economic Complexity. The MIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9647.003.0103.

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Golder, Tarikul Islam. "El-nino and It`s Varied Impacts: A Review." In Modern Approaches in Chemical and Biological Sciences, 112–16. Lincoln University College, Malaysia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31674/book.2022macbs.013.

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El-Nino is a periodic flow of warm Pacific equatorial waters southward, usually around Christmas time. El-Nino is linked to the Southern Oscillation and it affects the atmosphere, disrupting weather condition of the world. Its disastrous effects have resulted in drought in Australia and Papua New Guinea, a delayed monsoon in South-East Asia leading to massive forest fires choking smog, storms on the Pacific coast of South and Central America, drought in Southern Africa, and threat of flood in Peru and California. Its increasing sensitivity and frequency through the 1980s and 1990s, suggests that El-Nino is affected by an increase of heat trapping greenhouse gases in the upper atmosphere. Global Warming could make the El-Nino a permanent feature of world`s weather system. El-Nino and Southern Oscillation largely affect developing countries that are largely depending upon fishery and agriculture for employment, foreign exchange, and food supply. Global warming increases severity and frequency of El-Nino which has great socio-economic impact on these countries.
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Howes, Stephen, Rohan Fox, Maholopa Laveil, Luke McKenzie, Albert Prabhakar Gudapati, and Dek Sum. "PNG’s economic trajectory: The long view." In Papua New Guinea: Government, Economy and Society, 125–62. ANU Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/png.2022.05.

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Chand, Satish, and Charles Yala. "Economic Policy Making." In Policy Making and Implementation: Studies from Papua New Guinea. ANU Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/pmi.09.2009.04.

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"Papua New Guinea: Issues and Policies in Economic Development." In The United States and Japan in the Western Pacific, edited by Grant K. Goodman and Felix Moos, 169–214. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429315718-5.

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"'Customary Property Rights and Economic Development in Papua New Guinea'." In Property Rights & Economic Development, 145–70. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203039335-9.

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"(iii) Is customary tenure inimical to economic development?" In Land Law and Policy in Papua New Guinea, 87–98. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843144724-22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Papua New Guinea Economic conditions"

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Yamazaki, Tetsuo, Yusuke Nakamoto, Naoki Nakatani, and Rei Arai. "Preliminary Economic Examination of Seafloor Massive Mining Venture Under Japan’s Conditions." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10627.

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In Papua New Guinea (PNG), a seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) mining venture has been proposed to start in 2013 and the expected high profitability was presented. However, the geophysical and social conditions are quite different from Japan’s ones. The technologies and model used for the PNG mining are difficult to apply under Japan’s conditions. The economy of SMS mining has no reality in Japan, because the tailing waste disposal is very expensive. Based on a preliminary economic evaluation of seafloor massive sulfide mining venture under Japan’s conditions, some modifications in the mining system and material flow are proposed for the improvement of the economy.
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Yamazaki, Tetsuo, Yosuke Takeda, Rei Arai, and Naoki Nakatani. "Economic Seafloor Massive Sulfide Mining by Japan’s Model." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54575.

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Because of the higher Au, Ag, and Cu contents, seafloor massive sulfides (SMS) have received much attention as future commercial mining targets by private companies and nations. One of them, Solwara 1 Project in Papua New Guinea (PNG), is scheduled to start the commercial mining operation from 2018. Because the mining site is inter-island area and almost no cost is necessary for the waste disposal in PNG, the economy of the mining is expected very well. In contrast with this, because all the SMS distribution sites in Japan locate outer ocean areas and the waste disposal cost on land in Japan is very expensive, the economy of SMS mining in Japan is quite negative. In order to overcome the problems, a self-standing riser with flexible link to the sea surface platform and a primary ore separation on the seafloor prior to the ore lift-up are proposed. The improved SMS mining concept named Japan’s model is examined.
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Ladenhauf, Christoph, Frank Remmert, Christoph Prager, Rhyssheffer Birthwright, and Daniel Cushing. "Earthquake in Papua New Guinea Results in New Concept for Securing Pipelines in Ridgeline Right-of-Way: The Micropile Contiguous Wall." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9471.

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Abstract On February 25 (UTC), 2018, the project, a combine of wellpads, gathering lines, transport pipelines and its facilities, sustained a Mw7.5 earthquake, and ca. 300 aftershocks, epicentered directly under the key facilities. Around 150 km of high-pressure gas and condensate pipelines were affected. A number of design and construction decisions protected the pipelines, and prevented serious damage. However, the earthquake disturbed several sections of the pipeline Right-of-Way (ROW), which subsequently required intervention and stabilization. The challenges associated with re-occupying the remotely-situated, mountainous and disturbed ROW, and safely installing stabilization structures, led to the development of a new pipeline stabilization concept: the contiguous Micropile-Wall system. The concept, leveraging tools and techniques from the tunneling industry, and practices from the Alpine region, consists of 139.7 mm micro piles, installed in 3 m joints, in rows along either side of the pipeline. Once installed, opposing rows of these micropiles are attached to each other at ground level with steel tendons. This new concept can be installed using light equipment with minimal vibration and ground disturbance. It is designed to sustain significant earthquake loads, does not retain groundwater, and is resistant to corrosion and third-party damage. This concept was developed and selected in order to repair parts of the damaged ROW and ensure pipe integrity. Future deterioration of the adjacent slopes was taken into account, but slope stabilization for several dozens of landslides was not looked into, as this would have been too large an effort considering the remoteness of the terrain, climatic conditions, safety considerations and other constraints.
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Yamazaki, Tetsuo. "Approaches for Environmental Impact Assessment of Seafloor Massive Sulfide Mining." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49453.

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Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMS) including Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, and Pb exist in exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of the Pacific island countries. Some of SMS are interested in as immediate targets for commercial mining ventures. Little information, however, is available for the mining impacts on marine ecosystem, because no actual deep-sea mining operation is there in the world. In case of SMS, in addition, some of them accompany active hydrothermal vents beside the possible mining sites. High primary biomass production and dense ecosystem population on seafloor are found around the vent system. On the basis of physical, chemical, and biological baseline survey data, Nautilus Minerals submitted an environmental impact statement for the Solwara 1 Project to Papua New Guinea (PNG) Government. The other approach is the environmental impact assessment program for SMS mining driven by Japan. In contrast with PNG, the feature of Japan’s program is the step-by-step process for the assessment. The importance of the step-by-step process is introduced in detail.
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Hannot, Stephan D. A., and Jort M. van Wijk. "Heave Induced Internal Flow Fluctuations in Vertical Transport Systems for Deep Ocean Mining." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23684.

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Deep ocean mining systems will have to operate often in harsh weather conditions with heavy sea states. A typical mining system consists of a Mining Support Vessel (MSV) with a Vertical Transport System (VTS) attached to it. The transport system is a pump pipeline system using centrifugal pumps. The heave motions of the ship are transferred to the pump system due to the riser-ship coupling. Ship motions thus will have a significant influence on the internal flow in the VTS. In this paper, the influence of heave motions on the internal flow in the VTS for a typical mining system for Seafloor Massive Sulfide (SMS) deposits in Papua New Guinea is analyzed. Data on the wave climate in the PNG region is used to compute the ship motions of a coupled MSV-VTS. The ship motions then are translated into forces acting on the internal flow in order to compute fluctuations in the internal flow. In this way, the workability of the mining system with respect to the system’s production can be assessed. Based on a detailed analysis of the internal flow in relation to ship motions, the relevance of a coupled analysis for the design of VTS is made clear. This paper provides a method for performing such analyses.
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Morgan, Charles L. "The Status of Marine Mining Worldwide." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80048.

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Metals are fundamental components of modern society worldwide, and, despite the current economic downturn, we know we will be faced with ever increasing demands and ever-shrinking supplies. Efforts to achieve sustainable supplies of minerals must include efforts to expand the supply. About 60% of the ocean surface consists of the ocean floor, so it is reasonable to expect that deep ocean minerals could contribute significantly to the world supply. Human efforts to recover minerals have thus far concentrated almost exclusively on land-based resources, so it is reasonable to postulate that marine minerals might offer better prospects for future mineral supplies than land prospects. Currently, we know of at least six separate categories of marine minerals: 1. Aggegrate sand and gravel deposits; 2. Placer deposits of relatively high value minerals (gold, diamonds, tin, etc) hosted in aggegrates; 3. Biogenically derived phosphate deposits; 4. Sediment-hosted (manganese nodules) and hard-rock hosted (ferromanganese crusts) ferromanganese oxide deposits; 5. Sediment-hosted methane hydrate deposits; and 6. Hydrothermally derived sulfide deposits of copper, gold, nickel, zinc, and other metals. Thanks primarily to the engineering developments made by the offshore oil industry and the computer-science advances that have revolutionized much of modern society, the technology is in place for most of the tasks of deep seabed mining. The objective here is not to provide a general status update regarding marine minerals technology, but simply to demonstrate, using the best example available to date (the Nautilus Minerals venture in the Territorial Waters of Papua New Guinea) that the technology is in place and ready to go. Development of marine minerals has both the curse and blessing of taking place in the ocean. Since the 1970’s and before, the marine environment has taken on a public aura reserved more commonly for religious beliefs. This aura poses substantial obstacles to any marine development efforts. At the same time, a basic advantage of marine mineral developments is that nobody lives there. Thus, marine mining activities will not conflict with most normal human activities. Marine mining proposals should be subjected to thorough impact assessment analysis, but it is also critical that policymakers take steps to provide a level playing field for marine developments that encourages objective comparisons with alternative land-based proposals for supplying needed mineral resources. Governments should foster reasonable access to the marine mineral resources under their jurisdiction while also supporting incentive policies and related research programs.
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Reports on the topic "Papua New Guinea Economic conditions"

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Dorosh, Paul A., and Angga Pradesha. Implications of public investments and external shocks on agriculture, economic growth and poverty in Papua New Guinea: An economywide analysis. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.135967.

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Dorosh, Paul A., and Angga Pradesha. Synopsis: Implications of public investments and external shocks on agriculture, economic growth and poverty in Papua New Guinea: An economywide analysis. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136347.

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Davies, Martin H., and Marcel Schröder. The Path to Kina Convertibility: An Analysis of Papua New Guinea’s Foreign Exchange Market. Asian Development Bank, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220228-2.

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This paper recommends an immediate and frontloaded exchange rate depreciation that can encourage an adjustment process to address the foreign exchange shortage in Papua New Guinea. Due to a shortage in foreign exchange (forex) since 2015, the central bank of Papua New Guinea rationed forex that led to a large backlog of orders and import compression. The study finds that the policy proposals discussed in the country are inadequate to restore currency convertibility, based on surveys of the forex market structure and analysis of recent market conditions. It recommends more exchange rate flexibility and forex allocation through competitive auctions over the medium term.
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Papua New Guinea - Economic Planning - Project Planning Team. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/04066.

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Papua New Guinea - Economic Planning - Mekeo / Roro Survey. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/04065.

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Papua New Guinea - Staff - Conditions of Service - Single Line Salary Structure. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/04269.

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