Relevant bibliographies by topics / Papua New Guinea – Economic policy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Papua New Guinea – Economic policy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Papua New Guinea – Economic policy"

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Preston, Rosemary. "Refugees in Papua New Guinea: Government Response and Assistance, 1984–1988." International Migration Review 26, no. 3 (September 1992): 843–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600305.

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Melanesian West Papuans have been seeking refuge in Papua New Guinea since Indonesia annexed the province of Irian Jaya in 1962. The slowness of the Papua New Guinean government to respond to the 12,000 who crossed the border in 1984 paved the way for subsequent policy of minimal assistance so as not to jeopardize national security, by antagonizing Indonesia or by exacerbating the jealously of local people. As in other places, the long-term effect for refugees is likely to be social and economic marginalization, combined with insecure residential status.
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Kareth, Novana Veronika Julenta. "Penegakan Hukum Oleh Pos Lintas Batas Bagi Para Pelintas di Wilayah Perbatasan Papua dan Papua New Guinea." Balobe Law Journal 2, no. 1 (April 17, 2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/balobe.v2i1.848.

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Introduction: The urgency to organize the border between Indonesia and Papua New Guinea and border crossers is based on historical reasons that are more complex than the arrangement of Indonesia's borders with other countries.Purposes of the Research: To overcome these problems, the author proposes the idea of an integrated border management.Methods of the Research: This research uses sociological juridical method with the research location in Jayapura City.Results of the Research: The results of the study show that the border governance policies tend to ignore the cultural identity variable, which then encourages the use of cultural identity to challenge the state's version of dominant conceptions and policies in border governance. This is indicated by the phenomenon of "rat trails" and other cross-border interaction networks that are illegal by the state. Cultural approach in border governance policy is the principle that animates security policy, political policy, and economic policy in border governance. The practical consequence of this study is that border governance must move away from the domination of the economic security approach to an integrated approach.
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Batten, Aaron. "Foreign aid, government behaviour, and fiscal policy in Papua New Guinea." Asian-Pacific Economic Literature 24, no. 2 (October 29, 2010): 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8411.2010.01264.x.

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MIKLOUHO-MACLAY, Niсkolay N. "DIGITALIZATION FORMATION OF THE INDEPENDENT STATE OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS." Southeast Asia: Actual Problems of Development, no. 4(57) (2022): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2022-4-4-54-166-175.

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This article presents the main stages of the independent state of Papua New Guinea (PNG). It analyses the first steps in the formation of a democratic government in 1975 and subsequent political reforms, including the provincial government as a stabilization measure. The topic of crime (raskolism), the causes of corruption and intertribal conflicts that the young state faced, and the effectiveness of the fight against it are analyzed, as well as the reasons for restraining economic growth, the foreign policy of the state in the first decade of independent PNG and its relations with Australia.
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King, David. "Outstations to primacy: Economic policy, class formation and growth in the towns of Papua New Guinea." GeoJournal 16, no. 2 (March 1988): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02433015.

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FERNANDO, Nimal A. "MOBILIZING RURAL SAVINGS IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA: MYTHS, REALITIES, AND NEEDED POLICY REFORMS." Developing Economies 29, no. 1 (March 1991): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1049.1991.tb00199.x.

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Sicuri, E., C. Davy, M. Marinelli, O. Oa, M. Ome, P. Siba, L. Conteh, and I. Mueller. "The economic cost to households of childhood malaria in Papua New Guinea: a focus on intra-country variation." Health Policy and Planning 27, no. 4 (June 22, 2011): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czr046.

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Sunarya, Abas, and Sudaryono Sudaryono. "The Strategic Issues Of Economic Development Of Border Area Of Indonesia - Malaysia." CICES 2, no. 2 (August 30, 2016): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cices.v2i2.221.

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On the land, Indonesia is bordered by three countries: Malaysia, Papua New Guinea and Timor Leste.Whereas, in Indonesia sea area bordered by 10 countries: India, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand,Vietnam, Philippines, the Republic of Palau, Australia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea. Most ofthe border region in Indonesia is still an underdeveloped area with less facilities and infrastructure ofsocial and economic. Formulation of the problem are: 1. How do the condition of the socio-economicand culture in the border of Indonesia - Malaysia? 2. What is the condition of infrastructure in theborder and what is the urgent infrastructure to be built? 3. What are policy and strategy of theIndonesian government of the border of society development between Indonesia (Entikong) andMalaysia (Sarawak)? The purpose of writing are: 1. Comparing the condition of the socio-economicand culture of border both Indonesia and Malaysia. 2. Comparing the condition of the infrastructureof border both Indonesia and Malaysia and determining the infrastructure to be built. 3. Describingthe Indonesian government policy and strategy in development acceleration of economic society in theborder between Indonesia, especially Entikong Sub-District of Sanggau Regency West Kalimantanand Malaysia (Sarawak). Although, the commitment and the governments policy have given a higherpriority in the reorientated development of border, which those of security (security approach) into awelfare orientation (prosperity approach), but overall, the issue of society development in Indonesiaborder, especially the District Entikong Sanggau Regency West Kalimantan and Malaysia (Sarawak)so far can be said that are still not getting proportional attention. The indication, though a variety ofpolicies, regulations or laws relating to efforts to accelerate economic development of border societieshave been made. Various issues and problems are faced by the border, both land and sea borders canbe solved by more focused and targeted on six aspects, these are policy, economic and socio-cultural,defense and security, natural resources management, institutional and management authority, as wellas cooperation inter nations.
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Sali, Garry, Mirzi Betasolo, and Eric Gilder. "Creating and Maintaining a Secure and Safe Environment on a Challenged Civilian University Campus in Papua New Guinea." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 25, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2019-0078.

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Abstract The article introduces the challenges of maintaining effective security (of both personnel and property) on a 220 hectare rural/suburban University campus, The Papua New Guinea University of Technology, located on the outskirts of Lae, the second-largest city in Papua New Guinea, serves as its main port and manufacturing hub. Since the Independence of Papua New Guinea in 1975, the city of Lae, the University (of approximately 3000 students, and 1500 academic, technical, and administrative and staff) and its surrounding communities have faced increasing pressing security issues, some caused by internal (on campus) and others by external (off campus) factors. After a long, politically motivated student boycott in 2016 (which ended up with destruction of varied University properties and the death of a student), the University has endeavoured to create a safe campus environment by employing quantitative modelling predictive techniques, cost-effective technologies and appropriate social-psychological insights aimed at transcending extant tribal mindsets (the country is noted for having over 800 tribes and languages across its widely space geography of 462,840 Km and approximately 7 million population). Tribal conflict is a constant concern for the police and governing authorities, an inhibitor of balanced social and economic development of the resource-rich country.
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Brogan, Brian. "Exchange rate and macro-economic policy in independent Papua New Guinea Ross Garnaut and Paul Baxter, in consultation with Anne Krueger Government of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, March 1983, 248 pp." Public Administration and Development 7, no. 4 (October 1987): 405–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230070409.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Papua New Guinea – Economic policy"

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Flower, Scott Jason. "The growth of Islam in Papua New Guinea : implications for security and policy." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109597.

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Since 2001 the Muslim population of Papua New Guinea (PNG) has increased by over 500 percent as a result of religious conversions by indigenous Papua New Guineans. The spike in Islamic conversions in this largely Christian nation has coincided with a period of increased Islamic missionary activity, and a rise in media coverage on Muslims following the attacks by Islamic extremists on September 11, 2001. This thesis analyses the growth of Islam in PNG and seeks to determine whether the growing Muslim population is likely to have an impact on the security environment. This research also contributes to a very small body of literature which seeks to understand potential security risks posed by Muslim converts (as opposed to born Muslims). Since 1950 Islamic minorities have been engaged in more internal conflicts than any other type of religious or non-religious minority. The conversion of non-Muslims to Islam is a key strategy employed by Islamic extremists to recruit new members who can be engaged in radicalism across the globe. In the last decade the number of converts involved with radical and militant Islamic networks has noticeably increased. In addition, PNG borders Indonesia, a country that houses the world's largest population of Muslims and is home to a number of activist, radical and extremist Islamic groups. Based on five months of fieldwork during which I lived among Muslim communities in urban and rural regions of PNG, I examined the empirical foundations of Islam's growth to write what is the first comprehensive history of the establishment and institutionalisation of Islam in PNG. Taking an interdisciplinary approach and using interview data and fieldwork observations, I applied knowledge from the religious conversion and security studies literatures to analyse the causes and processes of Islamic conversion in PNG. This approach enabled new insights into which factors of conversion may subsequently influence the radicalisation of converts and affect security in PNG the Pacific region, and globally.
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Goro, Heni. "The search for a broadcasting and communication policy in Papua New Guinea." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1993. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36395/1/36395_Heni_1993.pdf.

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The effects of colonial imperialism are still evident in many aspects of Papua New Guinea's development; broadcasting developments being no exception. PNG has yet to develop its own official broadcasting and communication policy. The situation since Independence seventeen years ago has not changed very much. The government has been unable to initiate broadcasting policies or a general policy on communication. The general lack of policy guideline in PNG has resulted in unauthorised entreprenural broadcasting activities. Radio and television, together with other major broadcasting issues form the basis or arguments in the study. The socio-cultural, economic and political impacts of broadcasting are also examined in a uniquely heterogeneous society. The relevance of various contemporary theories of Third World media are discussed, in particular, 'control' and the notion of 'public interest' are the two key functions which the study attempts to address in its search for a broadcasting or a communication policy for PNG.
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Larcom, S. T. "A law and economic analysis of legal pluralism in Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1355957/.

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This thesis looks at how Papua New Guinea‟s two most prominent legal orders; customary law and state law sanction wrongs. The mode of analysis is primarily economic while also acknowledging the reality of deep legal pluralism. In a society subject to a legal transplant such as Papua New Guinea there will be wrongs under customary law and wrongs under state law. Some of these wrongs will be common to both legal orders, common wrongs, and some will be unique to each legal order, idiosyncratic wrongs. Sanctions used to correct these wrongs will either be wrongs under the other legal order or not. The thesis analyses the interactions of the two legal orders using this typology. The empirical element provides an overview of the level of wrongdoing in the New Guinea Islands; how the two legal orders sanction wrongs; differing conceptions of wrongs; the degree that the legal orders are seen as substitutes; the degree to which the legal orders support or undermine each other; and the effect their interaction may have on the deterrence against wrongs. It is argued that in relation to grave common wrongs the sanctions of the two legal orders are broadly substitutable. However, the state does not generally see them as so and in recent times the courts have shown an increasingly intolerant stance toward customary law sanctions. It is argued that the state‟s effort to use the criminal law as a tool for social change has failed and has contributed to a lack of personal security in many parts of Papua New Guinea. In light of previously failed reforms, and based on the empirical research, it is argued that greater recognition of customary law through the prosecution process should ameliorate many of the most problematic interactions between the legal orders in the control of wrongs.
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Ako, Willy Yamuna. "Factors affecting the formulation and implementation of the 1993 educational reform in Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268828.

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Godbold, Kim Elizabeth. "Didiman: Australian agricultural extension officers in the territory of Papua and New Guinea, 1945-1975." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37665/1/Kim_Godbold_Thesis.pdf.

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Historically, the development philosophy for the two Territories of Papua and New Guinea (known as TPNG, formerly two territories, Papua and New Guinea) was equated with economic development, with a focus on agricultural development. To achieve the modification or complete change in indigenous farming systems the Australian Government’s Department of External Territories adopted and utilised a programme based on agricultural extension. Prior to World War II, under Australian administration, the economic development of these two territories, as in many colonies of the time, was based on the institution of the plantation. Little was initiated in agriculture development for indigenous people. This changed after World War II to a rationale based on the promotion and advancement of primary industry, but also came to include indigenous farmers. To develop agriculture within a colony it was thought that a modification to, or in some cases the complete transformation of, existing farming systems was necessary to improve the material welfare of the population. It was also seen to be a guarantee for the future national interest of the sovereign state after independence was granted. The Didiman and Didimisis became the frontline, field operatives of this theoretical model of development. This thesis examines the Didiman’s field operations, the structural organisation of agricultural administration and the application of policy in the two territories.
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Rhee, Alisa Joy. "An agent-based approach to HIV/AIDS epidemic modeling : a case study of Papua New Guinea." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34528.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-95).
Since AIDS was first discovered, mathematical models of the transmission dynamics of HIV have been developed to determine the drivers of the epidemic. It has become apparent that the most profound factor in the proliferation of this disease is the aggregate effects of individual behavior and perception of risk. Agent-based models (ABM) allow one to simulate the social and sexual interactions which may describe the societal context in which HIV may spread. Using this framework, I construct a simplified social and sexual network that represents Papua New Guinea. This country is used as a case study because it illustrates extremes in network topology. Papua New Guinea is characterized by geographic isolation of ethnic groups, such that ideas of behavior change, stigma reduction, and safe sex practices may spread very slowly. Furthermore, sexual networks in Papua New Guinea are complex and sexual violence and cultural practices may amplify the rate at which HIV is spread. Ultimately, the purpose of HIV transmission models is to hypothesize about drivers of the epidemic which will then shed light on appropriate interventions and prevention measures. ABMs facilitate the development of network-based public health interventions. Such interventions, like home-based care programs, may have great promise in Papua New Guinea.
by Alisa Joy Rhee.
S.M.
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Nihill, Michael. "Roads of presence : social relatedness and exchange in Anganen social structure /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn691.pdf.

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King, Sarah Elizabeth. "A cross-sectional study of socio-economic status, nutritional anthropometry and helminthiasis among the Kamea of Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624505.

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Jackson, Elizabeth C. "Conceptualizing international development project sustainability through a discursive theory of institutionalization : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management Studies /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1296.

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Hinton, Rachael. "Making the links between women’s health and women’s lives in Papua New Guinea: Implications for policy and health care delivery." Thesis, Curtin University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1612.

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International perspectives of women’s health have drawn on biomedical solutions and pathology-based aspects, and one of the main components of a changing and evolving definition of women’s health is to provide an alternative to these perspectives that are grounded in the western framework. There has been a tendency by researchers and health professionals to utilise approaches that prioritize only one dimension of woman’s lives such as their biological, reproductive or maternal roles to the detriment of understanding the complexity of women’s histories, cultural contexts and lived experiences. The overall goal of this study was to investigate women’s health within the socio-historical context of Papua New Guinea (PNG) to firstly, understand the self-identified heath concerns of women, secondly to examine the critical points in the lifespan for effecting positive change in the health status of women and finally, to ascertain if the divergence between the perceptions of service providers and the real needs of women can be reduced.The study was set in Patigo (Wosera sub-district), in the East Sepik Province, a rural area and one of the least developed areas of Papua New Guinea. There is a heavy reliance on subsistence production for household consumption, high infant and maternal mortality and morbidity rates, limited cash earning opportunities and low per capita incomes in the district. Women conduct most of the daily subsistence and domestic duties. Women’s health and social development statistics are poor in the Wosera and it is easy to see solutions as either medical or matters of health education. However the health status of women reflects the complex and changing social and structural conditions of women’s lives and in particular, the gender-based inequalities that women face are fundamental variables affecting health.This study was conceptualised using an interpretive qualitative methodology within an ethnographic and rights-based framework, based on the real experiences of women’s daily lives. The study was conducted during a four month study period from July to October 2005 and in February 2006. The investigation strategy utilised a within-method triangulation approach, using a combination of qualitative and participatory methods. To enable an understanding of the diverse health needs of women and the key determinants of health across the lifespan, the socio-cultural and gender perspectives of young, adult, older women were examined. Discussions were also held with young and adult men and key community members considered to have specific knowledge of women’s health issues.Women’s narratives show that reproductive health problems did not figure prominently among the health issues women described. Health was related to the social and material circumstances of women’s lives. It was discussed as a social and cultural experience, not an isolated and individual condition and all women prioritized people and relationships. Women were part of a nexus of complex social relationships that were socially and historically layered with links to many generations. The types of relationships women experienced were influenced by personality, faith and socio-cultural values.The relationship between women’s health and the social conditions of their lives is given token recognition in health policy and women’s health programming in Papua New Guinea. Women face a health system that pre-imposes a narrow definition of women’s health to the detriment of gender issues and women’s empowerment. The findings reveal that in the Wosera women’s work and the physical burden of women’s roles, marriage and risk and experience of violence, and an unresponsive and inappropriate health service were major risk factors and barriers to women’s health. Based on this finding a holistic and rights based approach to women’s health policy, programming and advocacy is proposed. It is argued that the daily inequalities, discrimination and oppression that women face in their everyday lives, affects their ability to achieve the right to health and a host of interrelated rights such as the right to education, right to food and nutrition and freedom from discrimination.The study also emphasized the relevance of psychosocial constraints for women’s health. Psychosocial factors, linked to material circumstances and individual behaviour, exerted a powerful influence over health and affected a woman’s ability to cope with difficult life circumstances. Feelings of powerlessness, helplessness and stress-related disorders among women were related to the gender inequalities that worked to perpetuate the low status of women throughout the life span. Women who could not count on male support (husbands, male relatives, sons) and were the target of constant abuse and neglect were identified to be particularly vulnerable and at a risk of depression and stress.The study also documented that women throughout the life cycle displayed inherent resilience and adopted different coping strategies for dealing with the demanding and complex circumstances of their lives but some women were better positioned than others to cope. The active coping mechanisms of women showed a strength, assertiveness and resourcefulness in response to constant hardship. Resilience was enhanced when women had access to social networks and supportive social relationships and were therefore better able to deal with constraints to health. A particular threat to coping was found to result from a woman’s experience with gender constraints, violence and lack of social support.The findings from this study contribute to a rethinking of the traditional biomedical approach to women’s health research. The study challenges the worldview that prioritizes reproductive health over an approach to women’s health that concerns the totality of women’s lived experiences throughout the life span. This study calls for the need to increase the focus of research on the application of psychosocial and rights-based perspectives to understand the diversity of women’s health-related experiences, the complexity of their social relations and the relationship between challenging social and material circumstances and health outcomes. Recommendation and implications for further research, education, policy, advocacy and programming action, are proposed and discussed.
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Books on the topic "Papua New Guinea – Economic policy"

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Charles, Yala, ed. Economic policy making in Papua New Guinea. Boroko, Papua New Guinea: National Research Institute, 2005.

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Millett, John. Private sector development in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby: Institute of National Affairs, 1990.

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Duncan, Ronald C. Cost structures in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Institute of National Affairs, 1997.

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Nindim, Williamina. Measuring underlying inflation in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Bank of Papua New Guinea, 2006.

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Papua New Guinea development strategic plan 2010-2030. Port Moresby: Dept. of National Planning and Monitoring, 2010.

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David, Sali. Monetary policy transmission mechanisms in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Bank of Papua New Guinea, 2006.

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Faal, Ebrima. Political budget cycles in Papua New Guinea. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Asia and Pacific Dept., 2007.

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Sampson, Thomas. Exchange rate pass-through in Papua New Guinea. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea: Bank of Papua New Guinea, 2006.

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Charles, Lepani, and Morawetz David, eds. The economy of Papua New Guinea: An independent review. Canberra: Development Studies Centre, Australian National University, 1987.

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Makis, Ephraim. Foreign aid in Papua New Guinea: Policy issues and perspectives. Boroko, Papua New Guinea: Institute of Applied Social and Economic Research, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Papua New Guinea – Economic policy"

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Chand, Satish, and Charles Yala. "Economic Policy Making." In Policy Making and Implementation: Studies from Papua New Guinea. ANU Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/pmi.09.2009.04.

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"(iii) Is customary tenure inimical to economic development?" In Land Law and Policy in Papua New Guinea, 87–98. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843144724-22.

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"LAND LAW AND POLICY IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA 1945–62 The restoration of land registers Customary land, security of title and economic and social development." In Land Law and Policy in Papua New Guinea, 82–83. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843144724-19.

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"Native agriculture and the economy." In Land Law and Policy in Papua New Guinea, 75–78. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843144724-17.

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"PAPUA NEW GUINEA." In The Atlas of Economic Complexity. The MIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9647.003.0103.

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"Report by Papua New Guinea." In Trade Policy Reviews, 126–48. WTO, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.30875/f268d421-en.

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"Report by Papua New Guinea." In Trade Policy Reviews, 87–99. WTO, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30875/81ac18c7-en.

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Curtin, Timothy. "Privatization Policy in Papua New Guinea." In Policy Making and Implementation: Studies from Papua New Guinea. ANU Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/pmi.09.2009.18.

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"INTRODUCTION: LAND POLICY IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA." In Land Law and Policy in Papua New Guinea, 47–54. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843144724-12.

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Howes, Stephen, Rohan Fox, Maholopa Laveil, Luke McKenzie, Albert Prabhakar Gudapati, and Dek Sum. "PNG’s economic trajectory: The long view." In Papua New Guinea: Government, Economy and Society, 125–62. ANU Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/png.2022.05.

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Conference papers on the topic "Papua New Guinea – Economic policy"

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Yamazaki, Tetsuo, Yusuke Nakamoto, Naoki Nakatani, and Rei Arai. "Preliminary Economic Examination of Seafloor Massive Mining Venture Under Japan’s Conditions." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10627.

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In Papua New Guinea (PNG), a seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) mining venture has been proposed to start in 2013 and the expected high profitability was presented. However, the geophysical and social conditions are quite different from Japan’s ones. The technologies and model used for the PNG mining are difficult to apply under Japan’s conditions. The economy of SMS mining has no reality in Japan, because the tailing waste disposal is very expensive. Based on a preliminary economic evaluation of seafloor massive sulfide mining venture under Japan’s conditions, some modifications in the mining system and material flow are proposed for the improvement of the economy.
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Yamazaki, Tetsuo, Yosuke Takeda, Rei Arai, and Naoki Nakatani. "Economic Seafloor Massive Sulfide Mining by Japan’s Model." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54575.

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Because of the higher Au, Ag, and Cu contents, seafloor massive sulfides (SMS) have received much attention as future commercial mining targets by private companies and nations. One of them, Solwara 1 Project in Papua New Guinea (PNG), is scheduled to start the commercial mining operation from 2018. Because the mining site is inter-island area and almost no cost is necessary for the waste disposal in PNG, the economy of the mining is expected very well. In contrast with this, because all the SMS distribution sites in Japan locate outer ocean areas and the waste disposal cost on land in Japan is very expensive, the economy of SMS mining in Japan is quite negative. In order to overcome the problems, a self-standing riser with flexible link to the sea surface platform and a primary ore separation on the seafloor prior to the ore lift-up are proposed. The improved SMS mining concept named Japan’s model is examined.
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Yamazaki, Tetsuo. "Approaches for Environmental Impact Assessment of Seafloor Massive Sulfide Mining." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49453.

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Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMS) including Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, and Pb exist in exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of the Pacific island countries. Some of SMS are interested in as immediate targets for commercial mining ventures. Little information, however, is available for the mining impacts on marine ecosystem, because no actual deep-sea mining operation is there in the world. In case of SMS, in addition, some of them accompany active hydrothermal vents beside the possible mining sites. High primary biomass production and dense ecosystem population on seafloor are found around the vent system. On the basis of physical, chemical, and biological baseline survey data, Nautilus Minerals submitted an environmental impact statement for the Solwara 1 Project to Papua New Guinea (PNG) Government. The other approach is the environmental impact assessment program for SMS mining driven by Japan. In contrast with PNG, the feature of Japan’s program is the step-by-step process for the assessment. The importance of the step-by-step process is introduced in detail.
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Morgan, Charles L. "The Status of Marine Mining Worldwide." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80048.

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Metals are fundamental components of modern society worldwide, and, despite the current economic downturn, we know we will be faced with ever increasing demands and ever-shrinking supplies. Efforts to achieve sustainable supplies of minerals must include efforts to expand the supply. About 60% of the ocean surface consists of the ocean floor, so it is reasonable to expect that deep ocean minerals could contribute significantly to the world supply. Human efforts to recover minerals have thus far concentrated almost exclusively on land-based resources, so it is reasonable to postulate that marine minerals might offer better prospects for future mineral supplies than land prospects. Currently, we know of at least six separate categories of marine minerals: 1. Aggegrate sand and gravel deposits; 2. Placer deposits of relatively high value minerals (gold, diamonds, tin, etc) hosted in aggegrates; 3. Biogenically derived phosphate deposits; 4. Sediment-hosted (manganese nodules) and hard-rock hosted (ferromanganese crusts) ferromanganese oxide deposits; 5. Sediment-hosted methane hydrate deposits; and 6. Hydrothermally derived sulfide deposits of copper, gold, nickel, zinc, and other metals. Thanks primarily to the engineering developments made by the offshore oil industry and the computer-science advances that have revolutionized much of modern society, the technology is in place for most of the tasks of deep seabed mining. The objective here is not to provide a general status update regarding marine minerals technology, but simply to demonstrate, using the best example available to date (the Nautilus Minerals venture in the Territorial Waters of Papua New Guinea) that the technology is in place and ready to go. Development of marine minerals has both the curse and blessing of taking place in the ocean. Since the 1970’s and before, the marine environment has taken on a public aura reserved more commonly for religious beliefs. This aura poses substantial obstacles to any marine development efforts. At the same time, a basic advantage of marine mineral developments is that nobody lives there. Thus, marine mining activities will not conflict with most normal human activities. Marine mining proposals should be subjected to thorough impact assessment analysis, but it is also critical that policymakers take steps to provide a level playing field for marine developments that encourages objective comparisons with alternative land-based proposals for supplying needed mineral resources. Governments should foster reasonable access to the marine mineral resources under their jurisdiction while also supporting incentive policies and related research programs.
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Reports on the topic "Papua New Guinea – Economic policy"

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Benny, Dickson, Todd Benson, Mark Ivekolia, Mekamu Kedir Jemal, and Raywin Ovah. Improving agricultural productivity in Papua New Guinea: Strategic and policy considerations. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134987.

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Benny, Dickson, Todd Benson, Mark Ivekolia, Mekamu Kedir Jemal, and Raywin Ovah. Improving agricultural productivity in Papua New Guinea: Strategic and policy considerations: Synopsis. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.135003.

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Dorosh, Paul A., and Angga Pradesha. Implications of public investments and external shocks on agriculture, economic growth and poverty in Papua New Guinea: An economywide analysis. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.135967.

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Dorosh, Paul A., and Angga Pradesha. Synopsis: Implications of public investments and external shocks on agriculture, economic growth and poverty in Papua New Guinea: An economywide analysis. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136347.

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Davies, Martin H., and Marcel Schröder. The Path to Kina Convertibility: An Analysis of Papua New Guinea’s Foreign Exchange Market. Asian Development Bank, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220228-2.

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This paper recommends an immediate and frontloaded exchange rate depreciation that can encourage an adjustment process to address the foreign exchange shortage in Papua New Guinea. Due to a shortage in foreign exchange (forex) since 2015, the central bank of Papua New Guinea rationed forex that led to a large backlog of orders and import compression. The study finds that the policy proposals discussed in the country are inadequate to restore currency convertibility, based on surveys of the forex market structure and analysis of recent market conditions. It recommends more exchange rate flexibility and forex allocation through competitive auctions over the medium term.
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Papua New Guinea - General Policy Papers - 1963 - 1964. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/04232.

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Papua New Guinea - Banks - Banking in P.N.G. - Policy. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/04083.

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Papua New Guinea - Economic Planning - Project Planning Team. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/04066.

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Papua New Guinea - Economic Planning - Mekeo / Roro Survey. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/04065.

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Papua New Guinea - General Policy Papers - 1961 to 1962. Reserve Bank of Australia, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rba_archives_2006/04231.

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