Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Paraffin candle / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Paraffin candle.

Journal articles on the topic 'Paraffin candle'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Paraffin candle.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Fakurol Rodzi, Siti Zairyn, and Tengku Fatimah Zahrah Tengku Su Iskandar. "THE EFFECT OF PARAFFIN WAX CANDLE WITH DIFFERENT PERCENTAGE OF ADDITIVE USED ON BURNING EFFICIENCY OF THE CANDLE." International Journal of Innovation and Industrial Revolution 6, no. 19 (2024): 228–34. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijirev.619017.

Full text

Abstract:

Paraffin wax burned cleanly, burn brighter and was less expensive to produce than other candle fuels, it represented a significant advancement in the candle-making industry. However, since paraffin wax melts easily, most candles manufactured with it are fragile. Many experiments and techniques have shown that stearic acid and paraffin wax could work well together to produce long-lasting candles. This study examines how the proportion of stearic acid added to paraffin wax candles affects the candles' ability to burn efficiently. Few paraffin waxes candles that are, 5%, 10%, and 15% were made in

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Muhammad, Syaifullah, M. Dirhamsyah, Ernawati Ernawati, Raihan Dara Lufika, Sabrina Khairunnisa, and Nanda Funna Ledita. "Making Aromatherapy Candles with Natural Ingredients from Essential Oils and Soybean Oil." Journal of Patchouli and Essential Oil Products 1, no. 2 (2022): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jpeop.v1i2.28501.

Full text

Abstract:

Relaxation is considered as a process that relieves stress on your mind and body. At the present, there are many different forms of relaxation and aromatherapy. One of the important products to be developed further is aromatherapy candles. However, candles on the market generally still use materials that are not environmentally friendly such as paraffin. So this study aims to making aromatherapy candle using natural ingredients from essential oils and soybean oil. Soybean oil (Soy wax) is a potential substitute for paraffin which is biodegradable, renewable and friendly environment. This study

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Kral, Ján. "The Mass Loss Rate of a Candle during Burning." Advanced Materials Research 1001 (August 2014): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1001.383.

Full text

Abstract:

The presented article deals with setting the effect of paraffin candles and thickness of their wick on the speed of candle weight loss. The paraffin candles with gauge of 1.8 to 6.8 cm and wick thickness of 1.5 to 3 mm were subjected to the test. The test procedure was based on setting the tested candles on a digital scales with resolution of 0,001 g in a digestor during time period of 20 minutes and the subsequent recording of the weight in time interval 5 s during 20 minutes. The obtained results show that the rate of burning candles increases with increasing the thickness and the diameter o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Kurniasih, Trifonia Rosa, Dian Purwita Sari, Irna Maeshofa, Cristine Anggraini, Rai Madra Somasi Harefa, and Lian Melissa Sitompul. "PERBANDINGAN SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN LILIN AROMATERAPI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) DAN KOPI ARABIKA (Coffea arabica)." Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia 6, no. 2 (2024): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33759/jrki.v6i2.487.

Full text

Abstract:

Coffee is a plant that has benefits that can reduce stress when applied to aromatherapy candles. There are two most popular types of coffee: robusta coffee (Coffea canephora), which has a more intense taste and aroma, and arabica coffee (Coffea arabica), which has a lighter taste and aroma. This research aimed to compare the physical properties of robusta coffee (FR) and arabica coffee (FA) aromatherapy candle preparations. The formulation of aromatherapy candle preparations had a paraffin base (10%), stearin, and composition of coffee oil and coffee powder, 2% and 2.5% for formula 1 and 10% a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

MITINOV, A., E. SAFRONOVA, and Y. BULAUKA. "OBTAINING A CERESIN COMPOSITION FROM BY-PRODUCTS OF OIL DEWAXING PROCESS." Herald of Polotsk State University. Series B. Industry. Applied Sciences 47, no. 1 (2023): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1616-2023-47-1-95-99.

Full text

Abstract:

The article presents the results of work on determining the possibility of obtaining paraffin compounds for various purposes using domestic raw materials. The expediency of using high-molecular purified by-products of oil refineries (the process of dewaxing mineral oils) as components of the candle mass is shown. The proposed method for obtaining candle mass will reduce the burden on the environment, reduce the cost of the process of obtaining candles and expand the base of raw materials for their manufacture through the use of production waste.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Eštoková, A., and P. Kapalo. "Investigation of the thermal properties of candle wax material." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1252, no. 1 (2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1252/1/012013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Indoor air quality is a key aspect of people staying inside buildings. Combustion processes have been identified as one of the most important sources of pollutants in the indoor environment. Proper HVAC design must account for all sources and variations in their intensity, such as also the burning of candles, which produce not only increased amounts of carbon dioxide as a result of the combustion of the organic matrix, but also often dangerous organic substances. On the other hand, the candle burning represents an energy source as well. This article deals with the study of thermal dec

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Djarot, Prasetyorini, Anggita Rahmadini, and Novi Fajar Utami. "UJI ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN SAMBUNG NYAWA (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) DAN DAUN TAPAK LIMAN (Elephantopus scaber L.) TERHADAP Salmonella thypi." EKOLOGIA 19, no. 1 (2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/ekol.v19i1.1662.

Full text

Abstract:

This research was aimed to create aromatic candle, infused with cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) bark essential oil, which is a potential repellant for house fly (Musca domestica). The distillation of akar wangi samples was carried out at the Spice and Aromatic Research Unit by vapor distillation method for 9-12 hours. The aromatic candles were based on a mixture of solid paraffin and stearin in a 2:8 proportion, respectively, enriched with fragrant root bark essential oils with 5 formulas, namely F1 (placebo), F2 (fixative), F3 (1% essential oil), F4 (2% essential oil), and F5 (3% essential oil

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Djarot, Prasetyorini, Moerfiah ., and Dwi Ambarwati. "LILIN AROMATIK MINYAK ATSIRI KULIT BATANG KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmannii) SEBAGAI REPELEN LALAT RUMAH (Musca domestica)." EKOLOGIA 19, no. 2 (2019): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/ekol.v19i2.1663.

Full text

Abstract:

This research was aimed to create aromatic candle, infused with cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) bark essential oil, which is a potential repellant for house fly (Musca domestica). The distillation of akar wangi samples was carried out at the Spice and Aromatic Research Unit by vapor distillation method for 9-12 hours. The aromatic candles were based on a mixture of solid paraffin and stearin in a 2:8 proportion, respectively, enriched with fragrant root bark essential oils with 5 formulas, namely F1 (placebo), F2 (fixative), F3 (1% essential oil), F4 (2% essential oil), and F5 (3% essential oil

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

M. Ibrahim Baihaqi, Alif Finno Fidzaky, Ayunda Febri Kinanti, and Muhammad Yasin. "Lilin Aromaterapi." Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, Akuntansi, dan Pajak 2, no. 2 (2025): 304–24. https://doi.org/10.61132/jieap.v2i2.1162.

Full text

Abstract:

Aromatherapy candles made from used cooking oil represent an eco-friendly and economically valuable entrepreneurial innovation. This proposal presents the utilization of used frying oil as a base material in producing aromatherapy candles, aiming to support the circular economy concept and provide an alternative solution to environmental pollution. The product formulation combines paraffin, beeswax, and natural essential oils, offering relaxation and comfort while also opening up new business opportunities. SWOT analysis and marketing strategies based on the 4Ps (Product, Price, Place, Promoti

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Ruhullah, Massoudi, and Hamidi Amid. "Some Candles Emit Hazardous Materials for Human Health and are Indoor Air Pollutants." International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 24, no. 2 (2017): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2017/34965.

Full text

Abstract:

<strong>Aims:</strong> The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of burning candles from paraffin sources to determine whether indoor environment under that condition is safe and healthy for human. <strong>Study Design:</strong> Burning chamber (8” x 8” x 26”) attached to a vacuum pump on the top, was constructed locally, and Coconut Charcoal CSC Cat. No. 226-01GWS was purchased from SKC, Inc. The adsorbed emission products on the charcoal were extracted by a given volume of carbon-disulfide, and after filtration injected into a GC/MS equipped with NIST library of compound allowing u

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Yusuf Aiman Mohd Nizar, Muhammad, and Muhammad Ridzuan Kamaruzaman. "Virgin Coconut Oil as a Performance Enhancer for Beeswax Candles." Journal of Sustainable Development Innovations 1, no. 2 (2024): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.61552/jsi.2024.02.004.

Full text

Abstract:

Paraffin wax is derived from petrochemicals, which release harmful substances when burned as candles. Beeswax serves as a natural and renewable alternative for making candles, offering cleaner burning that is safe for humans. The beeswax was mixed with virgin coconut oil (VCO) of 0 wt% to 55 wt% by weight at a temperature ranging from 75 °C to 85 °C. The resulting mixture was then cooled down in a glass container that had a wick installed. The wick was then burned to assess the candle's performance. Beeswax candles have the slowest burning rate compared to other candles on the market. The best

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Susilawati, Y., F. Hamzah, N. Harun, A. Pramana, and AR N Hasnah. "Aromatherapy Candles Made From Sweet Orange Fruit Essential Oil With A Different Ratio Of Stearin And Paraffin." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1364, no. 1 (2024): 012071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1364/1/012071.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Today’s sweet orange peels can be a valuable waste if used properly. It is known that there is a chemical compound of essential oil that has high economic value in orange peel called limonene, which has a distinctive fresh aroma. Aromatherapy candles are a diversification of candle products that contain essential oils. This study aims to get the best comparison of the quality of stearin and paraffin wax based on SNI 06-0386-1989. This study used a completely randomized design (RAL) with five treatment variations and three replications. The treatment used was a ratio of stearin and par

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Li, Y. Y., and C. C. Hsieh. "Synthesis of carbon nanotubes by combustion of a paraffin wax candle." Micro & Nano Letters 2, no. 3 (2007): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/mnl:20070035.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Abd Rahman, N. A., N. A. R. M. Azhar, and F. S. Taip. "Valorization of spent coffee grounds for scented candle production." Food Research 9, Supplementary 1 (2025): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.9(s1).001.

Full text

Abstract:

Approximately 6 million t of spent coffee grounds (SCG) are produced annually but only 25% are reused and the rest ends up in landfills. One of the potentials of SCG is its use as a scented candle. This is due to low moisture and ash content, and high oil fraction of SCG. This research aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties of different types of SCG and the suitability of the SCG to be used in scented candle making. SCG from different brewing methods such as moka pot and espresso were used in this study. The physicochemical properties of these SCGs were analysed. In candle making,

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Rislianti, Vika Aura, Laode Rijai, and Fika Aryati. "Formulasi Lilin Aromaterapi Berbahan Aktif Minyak Atsiri Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon winterianus) dan Jeruk Lemon (Citrus limon)." Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences 14 (December 31, 2021): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v14i1.591.

Full text

Abstract:

Aromatherapy is therapy that uses aromatic compounds to treat, cut or prevent disease, infection, and anxiety by inhaling them. Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) and lemon (Citrus limon) have essential oils that work as aromatherapy. The aim of the study was to get aromatherapy candle preparations from essential oils of citronella and lemon. The research was carried out experimentally by making aromatherapy wax preparations from the formulation of stearic acid and paraffin wax with a ratio of 30%: 70% (F1), 40%: 60% (F2) , 50%: 50% (F3), 60%: 40% (F4), 70%: 30% (F5) and adding a combination

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Muin, Dona, Salmah Salmah, and Jeng Ratu Widiya Wathi. "Formulation and Physical Quality Testing of Candles Combining Essential Oils of Red Roses (Rose Hybrid) and White Roses (Rose Alba) as Aromatherapy." Proceeding International Conference Health Polytechnic of Jambi 2 (November 30, 2023): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35910/icohpj.v2i0.698.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: There are many aromatherapy options on the market, one of which is in the form of aromatherapy candles. Aromatherapy candles are made using several ingredients and use essential oils that have an aromatherapy scent, a combination of red rose and white rose essential oils. These essential oils are used not only for the treatment and prevention of disease, but also for their effects on mood, emotions, and a sense of well-being. Method: In this experimental study, a comparative test was carried out between 5 concentration variations of red rose and white rose essential oils with

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Najjar, Yousef, and Abdelrahman Irbai. "Recovering waste energy of the combined gas turbine system using paraffin melting." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 4 (2020): 7481–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.4.2020.15.0589.

Full text

Abstract:

This work covers waste energy utilization of the combined power cycle by using it in the candle raw material (paraffin) melting process and an economic study for this process. After a partial utilization of the burned fuel energy in a real bottoming steam power generation, the exhaust gas contains 0.033 of the initially burned energy. This tail energy with about 128 ºC is partly driven in the heat exchanger of the paraffin melting system. Ansys-Fluent Software was used to study the paraffin wax melting process by using a layered system that utilizes an increased interface area between the heat

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Pelita, Elda, Hazil Anwar, Regna Tri Jayanti, et al. "Pelatihan Pembuatan Lilin Aromaterapi Berbasis Minyak Serai di IKM CV Amna Lab. Aromaterapi Kabupaten Solok." Journal of Industrial Community Empowerment 1, no. 2 (2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52759/jice.v1i2.98.

Full text

Abstract:

CV. Amna Lab Aromaterapi Small and Medium Enterprises have started the citronella oil business in 2018. Some of its products such as soap, aromatherapy spray, propolis, and body oil have arrived in several big cities in Indonesia. However, since the Covid-19 pandemic, these SMEs have experienced difficulties, especially regarding the large capital costs and the price of citronella which has fallen drastically to 100% of the original price. Under these conditions, SMEs are constrained in the process of increasing productivity and lack production technology as well as marketing and management. T

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Hussein, Hussein Ali, Sabah Ibrahim Wais, and Khedir R. Khedir. "Superhydrophobic Candle Soot Coating Directly Deposited on Aluminum Substrate with Enhanced Robustness." Coatings 12, no. 2 (2022): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020202.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, superhydrophobic surfaces were developed by using a simple and environmentally friendly technique. The nano-network of candle soot (CS) as the byproduct of incomplete combustion of paraffin candle was directly coated onto both smooth and micro-rough aluminum (Al) substrates for various time periods of deposition. The simple technique of mechanical sanding was used to impart micro-rough structures onto Al substrates using different sandpaper grit sizes. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray dif

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Smith, D. M., W. F. Welch, S. M. Graham, A. R. Chughtai, Brian G. Wicke, and Karen A. Grady. "Reaction of Nitrogen Oxides with Black Carbon: An FT-IR Study." Applied Spectroscopy 42, no. 4 (1988): 674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702884429247.

Full text

Abstract:

Qualitative and quantitative studies of the reaction of black carbon with the oxides of nitrogen, including NO, NO2/N2O4, N2O, and N2O3, have been carried out with the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The active reactant is shown to be NO2, whether it acts as a disproportionation product or as an impurity in the gas under study. FT-IR spectra of the surface species identify them as resulting from reaction of carbon with NO2. For paraffin candle soot which was exposed simultaneously to oxygen atoms, and nitric oxide at 298 K, the surface species also are due to NO2, forme

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Oktarina, Theresia Fenny, Wisnu Cahyo Prabowo, and Angga Cipta Narsa. "Penggunaan Soy wax dan Beeswax sebagai Basis Lilin Aromaterapi." Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences 14 (December 31, 2021): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v14i1.589.

Full text

Abstract:

The continuous use of paraffin wax produces pollutants that have a negative impact on health and the environment. Soy wax and beeswax candles are environmentally friendly materials because they produce fewer pollutants. This study aims to determine the best formula in the manufacture of aromatherapy candle preparations. This research was conducted using an experimental method. Aromatherapy candles are made by melting soy wax, beeswax, and stearic acid. Apply optimization based on the ratio formula of 75%:25% (F1), 50%:50% (F2), 25%:75% (F3) by evaluating physical properties such as organolepti

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Auliza, Wulan. "UTILIZATION OF ARABICA COFFEE WASTE (coffea arabica) AS AN ADDITIVE IN THE PRODUCTION OF AROMATHERAPY CANDLES (scanted candle) USING PARAFFIN AND STEARIC ACID AS RAW MATERIALS." Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Reaksi 22, no. 02 (2024): 13. https://doi.org/10.30811/jstr.v22i02.6091.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Sultan, Siti Fatimah, Meity Hartanti, Dwi Utami, Herman Efendi, Syahril Askal, and M. Rafi Ikhsan. "Pemanfaatan Minyak Jelantah dalam Pembuatan Lilin Aromaterapi Sebagai Gagasan Kewirausahaan di SMK Muhammadiyah Minggir." JURNAL INOVASI DAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA 3, no. 1 (2024): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jipmi.v3i1.215.

Full text

Abstract:

Latar belakang: Program pemberdayaan umat (Prodamat) di SMK Muhammadiyah Mlati merupakan tujuan yang dilakukan untuk mengembangkan siswa yang kreatif, inovatif, dan terampil melalui pengalaman praktis dan penerapan teori. Namun, program ini tidak memiliki fondasi yang kuat dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Tujuan: Pada kegiatan pengabdian ini akan membahas salah satu peluang usaha yang bisa dilakukan secara skala rumahan dengan peluang yang cukup menjanjikan saat ini, yakni pemanfaatan minyak jelantah sebagai bahan baku lilin aromaterapi. Metode: Program yang dilaksanakan oleh Universitas Ahm

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Anagha, Apeksha U, Chithrashree G.S, et al. "Nano self-cleaning." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, no. 3 (2023): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i03.59.

Full text

Abstract:

Nano self-cleaning system review is presented in this paper. To achieve superhydrophobicity on a surface, it needs to be both rough and possess low surface energy. In this study, paraffin wax nanoparticles were used to create a hierarchically structured surface on cotton fabric, resulting in a superhydrophobic surface. Candle soot nanoparticles were also used to deposit superhydrophobic coatings onto smooth and micro-rough steel surfaces, demonstrating significant promise for use in high-temperature and corrosive environments. The coatings exhibited outstanding chemical and thermal stabilities

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

K, Mohanapriya, and Neetu Jha. "Wrinkled graphene – carbon nanospheres composite for ultra high energy supercapacitors." MRS Advances 2, no. 7 (2017): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.646.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTA simple and scalable method is developed to prepare highly wrinkled graphene sheets – carbon nanospheres (WG-CN) composite for ultra high energy density supercapacitor application. Here, we introduce a novel simple paraffin wax candle flame technique for the simultaneous reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and deposition of carbon nanospheres on the graphene sheets. This is followed by introducing permanent wrinkles to the composite. The WG-CN composite exhibit the high specific capacitance values of 290 F g-1 and 253.7 F g-1 (138.5 F cm-3) for 6M KOH and EMIMBF4 ionic liquid electrolyte

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Lubanjar, Binita, Mario A. Alpuche-Aviles, Luis Corona-Elizarraras, and Mario Avila Gutierrez. "Electrochemical Behavior of Carbon Nanoparticles (NPs) from Carbon Soot in Non-Aqueous Medium." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 50 (2025): 2515. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01502515mtgabs.

Full text

Abstract:

Candle soot is primarily made up of carbon nanoparticles (NPs), derived from paraffin wax. These carbon NPs have wide application to the date, including humidity sensing (1), trace element detection (2), super capacitor electrode material (3), Li-ion batteries (4) and others. However, the fundamental electrochemical properties of those NPs have not been studied yet. Thus, we focus on electrochemical analysis such as investigation of oxidation/reduction processes to determine the fundamental thermodynamic parameters of standard potentials in non-aqueous medium. Candle soot formation depends on

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Wilk-Jakubowski, Jacek Lukasz. "Experimental Study of the Influence of Even Harmonics on Flame Extinguishing by Low-Frequency Acoustic Waves with the Use of High-Power Extinguisher." Applied Sciences 14, no. 24 (2024): 11809. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411809.

Full text

Abstract:

The acoustic technique appears to be a novel and innovative way to extinguish flames, in which properly generated waves emitted by a high-power sound source are used for extinguishing purposes. The highest extinguishing efficiency is demonstrated by low-frequency waves. In practice, changing the parameters of the acoustic signal results in the possibility of universal and reusable use of the extinguisher, which is limited only by access to the power supply, unlike the currently known traditional methods of fighting fire (such as gases, foams, and extinguishing powders). The purpose of this pap

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Chatzipanagis, Konstantinos, Jone Omar, and Ana Boix Sanfeliu. "Assessment of Beeswax Adulteration by Paraffin and Stearic Acid Using ATR-IR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Statistics—An Analytical Method to Detect Fraud." Foods 13, no. 2 (2024): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13020245.

Full text

Abstract:

A spectroscopic investigation of beeswax adulteration by paraffin and/or stearic acid was undertaken via Attenuated Total Reflectance Infra-Red spectroscopy (ATR-IR) combined with multivariate statistical analyses. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was successfully applied for the first time as an exploratory tool for the differentiation among pure beeswax and adulterated beeswax by paraffin and stearic acid with detection limits (LOD) of ~5% and 1%, respectively. Partial Least Square (PLS) modelling was used to build chemometric models based on beeswax/paraffin and beeswax/stearic acid calib

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

V., Ahamedemujtaba, and Shripad Kulkarni. "Shelf Life of Trichoderma Harzianum an Antagonist in Different Oil Based Formulations." IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2455-4499) 6, no. 2 (2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jas.v6.n2.p2.

Full text

Abstract:

<div><p><em>Trichoderma</em><em> is a promising candidate for the biological control of plant pathogenic fungi. While planning the application of antagonistic Trichoderma strains for the purposes of biological control, it is very important to consider the environmental parameters affecting the bio-control agents in the soil. A series of abiotic and biotic environmental parameters has an influence on the bio-control efficacy of Trichoderma. The major bottleneck of bio-pesticides is the shelf life and inconsistent performance. In order to overcome this problem, the

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Katsumi, Hidenori, Masaki Tominaga, Morihiro Tajiri, et al. "A case of lipoid pneumonia caused by inhalation of vaporized paraffin from burning candles." Respiratory Medicine Case Reports 19 (2016): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmcr.2016.10.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Hakiki, Rizki Maulana, Tiana Febrianti Eka Prasetyani, Rossi Agnessi Pebriana, et al. "Application of Appropriate Technology Purification Oil Based on Cocoa Bark (Theobroma cacao L.) As Bio-Adsorbent for Purification of Used Cooking Oil in Kedaton Plantation, Panti Village." Jurnal Inovasi Sains dan Teknologi untuk Masyarakat 2, no. 2 (2023): 91–99. https://doi.org/10.19184/instem.v2i2.1158.

Full text

Abstract:

Using cooking oil repeatedly will have an impact on health. Cooking oil repeatedly changes color to a darker color, produces an unpleasant odor, and has high levels of fatty acids. Cooking oil experiences changes due to the chemical properties of cooking oil, such as a reaction where the color changes to brown when cooking oil is used at high temperatures by reacting with air. Therefore, it is necessary to purify used cooking oil to be used as a material that is more beneficial to society. The utilization of cocoa shell waste into carbon that has been processed is used for the adsorption proce

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Maradona, Maradona, and Noor Hujjatusnaini. "Pelatihan Pembuatan Lilin Aromaterapi Ekstrak Serei Wangi dari Lilin Parafin Melalui Metode Demonstrasi Terbimbing Untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Remaja Karang Taruna Di Kelurahan Habaring Hurung." Society : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 5 (2022): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.55824/jpm.v1i5.157.

Full text

Abstract:

Creativity is needed in social life, one of the goals is to build youth creativity. Training on making aromatherapy candles is one way to increase the creativity and innovation of young entrepreneurs that are worth selling. This training was carried out in Habaring Hurung Village, Bukit Batu District, with a guided demonstration method. The purpose of this training is so that youth youth groups in Habaring Hurung Village can understand the theory and practice of making aromatherapy candles, have the opportunity to develop more creative small industries, so that they can play an important role

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Dewi, Anita Kusuma, Djamaluddin Ramlan, and Arif Widyanto. "Pengaruh Pemakaian Campuran Lilin Parafin Dan Serbuk Daun Pepaya Terhadap Keberadaan Lalat Di TPS Pasar Manis Purwokerto Banyumas." Buletin Keslingmas 40, no. 2 (2021): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/keslingmas.v40i2.4652.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstrakLalat merupakan vektor perantara yang dapat membawa patogen pada tubuhnya.. Pengendalian terhadap lalat dapat dilakukan dengan lilin aroma daun papaya, karena kandungan daun papaya dapat mematikan organisme pengganggu. Jenis penelitian Pre Eksperimen dengan rancangan Pre test and post test control group design. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis univariat dan data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji tabel Hasil penelitian terdapat 7 lalat di zona B pada radius nyala lilin dengan jari – jari 8cm, faktor lingkungan berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan lalat, jenis lalat

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Fathulla, Chnar N., Fouad H. Kamel, Shaho I. Rahman, Abdulkareem S. Othman, and Tariq W. Sadeq. "Anatomical Study and Antimicrobial Activities of Ammimajus." Pharmacy and Applied Health Sciences 1, no. 2 (2022): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.59480/phahs.v1i2.12.

Full text

Abstract:

Ammimajus is a plant species in the family Apiaceae, The purpose of this study was to assess anatomical and antibacterial and antifungal activities of Ammimajus, which taken from collage of Sciences/Salaheddin University/Erbil. Anatomical studies by the using paraffin method, have shown that the outline of stems, petiole lamina, and margin, they contain secretary canals with presence unicellular glandular and unicellular non glandular trichomes. The antimicrobial activity prepared by extract using ethanol (95%) method from stem, leaf and flower, then provide the different concentration of extr

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Prinsloo, Gerro Johannes. "Scoping exercise to determine load profile archetype reference shapes for solar co-generation models in isolated off-grid rural African villages." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 27, no. 3 (2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2016/v27i3a1375.

Full text

Abstract:

For many off-grid rural communities, renewable energy resources may be the only viable option for household and village energy supply and electrification. This is especially true for many rural regions in Southern Africa, where the population spread is characterised by small villages. These rural villages rely heavily on firewood and biomass to meet thermal energy needs (hot water and cooking), while candles, kerosene and paraffin are mostly used for lighting. Hybrid concentrated solar micro-CHP (combined heat and power) technology systems have been proposed as viable energy solutions. This pa

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Kincaid, S. A., R. V. Allhands, and G. J. Pijanowski. "Chondrolysis associated with cartilage canals of the epiphyseal cartilage of the distal humerus of growing pigs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 46, no. 3 (1985): 726–32. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1985.46.03.726.

Full text

Abstract:

SUMMARY The articular-epiphyseal (a-e) cartilage of the distal humeri of 7 pigs weighing 13.1 to 18.2 kg and of 3 pigs weighing 36.4 to 40.9 kg was studied. Frozen samples of a-e cartilage were stained for the presence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase. Additional frozen sections and paraffin-processed sections were stained using the Alcian blue-critical electrolyte concentration method, safranin 0-fast green, and hematoxylin and eosin. An area of grossly visible, opaque a-e

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Cheruiyot, Koech, Ezekiel Lengaram, and Mncedisi Siteleki. "South Africa’s Energy Landscape Amidst the Crisis: Unpacking Energy Sources and Drivers with 2022 South African Census Data." Sustainability 16, no. 2 (2024): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16020682.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper examines patterns and drivers of energy choices for cooking and lighting in South Africa using the Statistics South Africa Census data at the district municipality (districts) level. Employing spatial and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis, the findings show that electricity is the main source of energy for cooking across South Africa. However, there is a large swathe of the country covering districts such as Vhembe and Mopani in Limpopo, eastern Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal, and northern Eastern Cape provinces where wood is the predominantly used energy type for cooking.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

True, Harry David, Rupert George Ricks, and Joel Anthony Smith. "Denosumab and bisphosphonate associated bilateral osteonecrosis of the external auditory canal." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 6 (2021): e241203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-241203.

Full text

Abstract:

We present a case of non-surgically managed bilateral osteonecrosis of the external auditory canal with a history of long-term medical therapy for osteoporosis. A 79-year-old woman with severe osteoporosis and destructive osteoarthritis received >10 years of once weekly bisphosphonate therapy before switching to denosumab. Four months later, the patient presented with bilateral loss of hearing and right-sided otalgia. Necrotising otitis externa, cholesteatoma and malignancy were considered but with histology, microbiological and CT assessment, bilateral osteonecrosis of the external auditor

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Masekoameng, KE, TE Simalenga, and T. Saidi. "Household energy needs and utilization patterns in the Giyani rural communities of Limpopo Province, South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 3 (2005): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i3a3108.

Full text

Abstract:

A study was conducted in the rural communities of the Giyani district in Limpopo Province, with the aim of identifying types of energy resources used and the patterns of utilization of such energy sources. Surveys were conducted in three villages and semi-structured questionnaires were used to interview 20 randomly selected households per village. Focus group discussions were also held in each of the surveyed villages. Data obtained in all surveyed villages showed that fuel wood is the main source of energy for cooking and heating while paraffin and candles are mainly used for lighting. Wood i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Msosa, Steven Kayambazinthu. "Factors determining the marketing of products to townships amongst SMEs within the retail sector." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 12, no. 3 (2023): 585–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i3.2500.

Full text

Abstract:

The needs of the customers residing in townships are generally met by informal retailers operating spaza and tuck shops. These retailers sell personal and household products such as cooking oil, sugar, maize flour, snacks, soap, paraffin, candles, matches, disinfectants, cigarettes, and prepaid airtime for mobile phones. However, several factors determine the success and marketing of these products to townships by retailers. Therefore, this study sought to analyse the factors determining the marketing of products to townships amongst Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) within the retail sector

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Torgun, P. M., D. B. Nikityuk, S. V. Klochkova, et al. "Age Dependency of Spermatogenesis Efficiency in Cats." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 9, no. 1 (2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-1-64-68.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to study the efficiency of spermatogenesis in old and young cats in various seasons of the yearMaterial and methods. The material has been collected from 16 cats of different ages in winter and summer periods in Voronezh veterinary clinics while animals being sterilized. The testicles were fixed in Shtiva’s liquid and Buen’s liquid. The material was poured into paraffin and a series of paraffin sections 4–5 μm thick were prepared. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, iron hematoxylin, Heidengain azane, trichrome-PAS reaction and tetrachrome-PAS reactio

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Klinge, Randi Furseth. "Further Observations on Tertiary Dentin in Human Deciduous Teeth." Advances in Dental Research 15, no. 1 (2001): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374010150011901.

Full text

Abstract:

The structure of reparative tertiary dentin in human deciduous teeth has been studied. Reparative dentin is secreted by a new generation of odontoblast-like cells which have been subject to strong stimuli, e.g., trauma or deep active caries lesions with associated pulp inflammation. Ground sections of 25 teeth were prepared, and contact microradiographs were produced. Another 30 teeth were demineralized, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Some demineralized sections from each tooth were also studied in the scanning electron microscope. Most of the teeth sh

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Lesala, Mahali Elizabeth, Ngwarai Shambira, Golden Makaka, and Patrick Mukumba. "The Energy Poverty Status of Off-Grid Rural Households: A Case of the Upper Blinkwater Community in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Energies 16, no. 23 (2023): 7772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16237772.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper analyses the energy poverty status in off-grid rural households and its underlying socioeconomic factors. Employing the Foster–Greer–Thorbecke Technique and Probit regression on data from 53 households, the study uncovers a diverse array of energy sources in use, including firewood, paraffin, LPG, candles, and generators. Despite this energy source diversity, the poverty line threshold, as measured by the per capita energy expenditure line (92.40 ZAR) (1 US Dollar = ZAR 18.20), reveals the prevalence of energy poverty. Approximately 15% of respondents are experiencing severe energy

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Müller, Annika, Ulrich Wernery, Joerg Kinne, et al. "Study on Anatomical Structures of the Dromedary Udder." Animals 14, no. 11 (2024): 1674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14111674.

Full text

Abstract:

The objectives of the present study were to describe specific anatomical structures of the dromedary udder. Eighty-six dromedary udders were examined, taking morphological measurements and producing injection casts using resin, gelatin, and paraffin. The udder of the dromedaries consists of four quarters. The shape of the udders and teats varies considerably between animals and is influenced by age, breeding, and lactation status. The most frequently found udder form was the globular udder (48.8%) and the most common teat form in this study was the funnel teat (44.2%). The most common teat tip

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Chidembo, Ranganai, Joseph Francis, and Simbarashe Kativhu. "Rural Households’ Perceptions of the Adoption of Rooftop Solar Photovoltaics in Vhembe District, South Africa." Energies 15, no. 17 (2022): 6157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176157.

Full text

Abstract:

Rooftop solar photovoltaics have the potential to successfully electrify rural and scattered communities worldwide. However, access to clean, high-quality, reliable and affordable energy remains elusive for several households in rural areas of the developing world. To fully comprehend, unpack and proffer meaningful solutions to this mismatch, energy sources in use and types in areas where rural electrification through solar home systems are profiled. Furthermore, grassroot communities’ perceptions of rooftop solar photovoltaics (PVs) was explored. A case study design was adopted. Thirty (30) h

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Sottovia, André Dotto, Celso Koogi Sonoda, Wilson Roberto Poi, Sônia Regina Panzarini, and José Roberto Pereira Lauris. "Delayed tooth replantation after root surface treatment with sodium hypochlorite and sodium fluoride: histomorphometric analysis in rats." Journal of Applied Oral Science 14, no. 2 (2006): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572006000200006.

Full text

Abstract:

In cases of delayed tooth replantation, non-vital periodontal ligament remnants have been removed with sodium hypochlorite in an attempt to control root resorption. Nevertheless, reports of its irritating potential in contact with the alveolar connective tissue have been described. Therefore, this study evaluated the healing process on delayed replantation of rat teeth, after periodontal ligament removal by different treatment modalities. Twenty-four rats, assigned to 3 groups (n=8), had their upper right incisor extracted and left on the workbench for desiccation during 60 min. Afterwards, th

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Novak, V., O. Bevs, A. Melnychenko, M. Ilnitsky, and N. Prysyazhnyuk. "Microarchitectonics and histomorphometric parameters of bone tissue during remodeling." Naukovij vìsnik veterinarnoï medicini, no. 2 (184) (November 23, 2023): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2023-184-2-173-181.

Full text

Abstract:

The article shows and statistically substantiates thepeculiarities of remodeling and structure of cortical andmedullary bone tissue in two age groups (160- and 225days) of laying hens before and during egg-laying. Theaim of the study was to analyze the structural organization of bone tissue in different states of performance.The material for the study was the ulnae of the forearmof laying hens of two experimental groups. Histological studies: fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin,decalcified in Wilenson's fluid, dehydrated in alcoholsof increasing concentration, embedded in paraffin, pre

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Jimenez-Ubieto, Ana, María Poza, Alejandro Martín-Muñoz, et al. "Potential Utility of Circulating Tumor DNA Monitoring in Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma Treated with R-DA-EPOCH." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (2021): 4491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-152376.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Background: Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a rare subtype of aggressive B-cell lymphoma. Most relapses occur within the first few months resulting in a dismal prognosis; therefore, it's important to identify primary chemorefractory patients at an early stage, to improve their prognosis. Our group have demonstrated that Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) detected by deep sequencing (DeepSeq) constitute a new non-invasive marker for monitoring response in follicular lymphoma (Jimenez-Ubieto A. et al. ASH 2020). CtDNA monitoring in PMBCL might help to better assess therapeutic

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Blažiūnas, Giedrius. "Data acquisition for digitisation in the paraffin candle production process." Mokslo taikomieji tyrimai Lietuvos kolegijose, 2023, 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.59476/mtt.v1i19.574.

Full text

Abstract:

By utilising digital technology, digitisation helps businesses streamline procedures, increase efficiency and cut costs. Moreover, it enables businesses to gather knowledge and make data-driven choices that enhance product quality, customers’ satisfaction, and market competitiveness. Data acquisition, which permits the collection and analysis of real-time data from equipment and processes, is a crucial component of the digitalisation of industrial automation. Predictive maintenance may, therefore, be utilised to decrease downtime, enhance quality control, and optimise operations. The paraffin

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

"Production of Candle from Oil Extract of a Legume - Soybean." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 2 (2019): 5568–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.b2382.129219.

Full text

Abstract:

This research confirmed that candles produced from oil extract of soybeans are eco-friendly and healthier alternatives to commercial candles made from paraffin wax. The soybeans were sorted, washed, crushed, dehulled and grinded prior to extraction to increase the surface area. Soybean oil is about 30% of the total soybean composition. Soxhlet extraction method was used with hexane as solvent. The extracted oil was then solidified with stearic acid to form wax inside a mold. Physical tests were carried out to prove its claims as a safer alternative to paraffin wax. The results supported the cl

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!