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Journal articles on the topic 'Paragraph annotation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Susetyo, Bagas Bhaskoro, and Retno Hardini Inkreswari. "Leveraging graph-based semantic annotation for the identification of cause-effect relations." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 4 (2020): 4352–62. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4352-4362.

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This research is related to language article in Indonesia that discuss about causality relationship research used as public health surveillance information monitoring system. Utilization of this research is suitability of feature selection, phrase annotation, paragraph annotation, medical element annotation and graph-based semantic annotation. Evaluation of system performance is done by intrinsic approach using the naive bayes multinomial method. The results obtained sequentially for recall, precision and f-measure are 0.924, 0.905, and 0.910.

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Pimenov, I. S. "Analyzing Disagreements in Argumentation Annotation of Scientific Texts in Russian Language." NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 21, no. 2 (2023): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2023-21-2-89-104.

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This paper presents the analysis of inter-annotator disagreements in modeling argumentation in scientific papers. The aim of the study is to specify annotation guidelines for the typical disagreement cases. The analysis focuses on inter-annotator disagreements at three annotation levels: theses identification, links construction between theses, specification of reasoning models for these links. The dataset contains 20 argumentation annotations for 10 scientific papers from two thematic areas, where two experts have independently annotated each text. These 20 annotations include 917 theses and

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Kwiatkowski, Tom, Jennimaria Palomaki, Olivia Redfield, et al. "Natural Questions: A Benchmark for Question Answering Research." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 7 (November 2019): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00276.

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We present the Natural Questions corpus, a question answering data set. Questions consist of real anonymized, aggregated queries issued to the Google search engine. An annotator is presented with a question along with a Wikipedia page from the top 5 search results, and annotates a long answer (typically a paragraph) and a short answer (one or more entities) if present on the page, or marks null if no long/short answer is present. The public release consists of 307,373 training examples with single annotations; 7,830 examples with 5-way annotations for development data; and a further 7,842 exam

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Gabriel, Saadia, Chandra Bhagavatula, Vered Shwartz, Ronan Le Bras, Maxwell Forbes, and Yejin Choi. "Paragraph-level Commonsense Transformers with Recurrent Memory." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 14 (2021): 12857–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i14.17521.

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Human understanding of narrative texts requires making commonsense inferences beyond what is stated in the text explicitly. A recent model, COMET, can generate such inferences along several dimensions such as pre- and post-conditions, motivations, and mental states of the participants. However, COMET was trained on short phrases, and is therefore discourse-agnostic. When presented with each sentence of a multi-sentence narrative, it might generate inferences that are inconsistent with the rest of the narrative. We present the task of discourse-aware commonsense inference. Given a sentence with

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Bhaskoro, Susetyo Bagas, and Inkreswari Retno Hardini. "Leveraging graph-based semantic annotation for the identification of cause-effect relations." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 4 (2020): 4352. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4352-4362.

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This research is related to language article in Indonesia that discuss about causality relationship research used as public health surveillance information monitoring system. Utilization of this research is suitability of feature selection, phrase annotation, paragraph annotation, medical element annotation and graph-based semantic annotation. Evaluation of system performance is done by intrinsic approach using the Naive Bayes Multinomial method. The results obtained sequentially for recall, precision and f-measure are 0.924, 0.905, and 0.910.

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MA, Ning. "MedicalQA: A dataset of medical domain for machine reading comprehension." China Scientific Data 9, no. 1 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.11922/11-6035.csd.2022.0030.zh.

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Machine reading comprehension aims to make the computer understand the paragraph semantics and answer the questions raised by users using algorithms. The quality of the dataset used in this task can directly affect the experimental results of the model. In order to enrich the medical domain dataset of machine reading comprehension, this paper constructs MedicalQA, a medical domain dataset for machine reading comprehension, employing a combination of web crawlers and manual annotation techniques. The dataset takes two medical platforms (i.e. Xunyiwenyao Network and 39 Health Network) as main da

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Polakova, Lucie, Jiří Mírovský, Šárka Zikánová, and Eva Hajičová. "Discourse Relations and Connectives in Higher Text Structure." Dialogue & Discourse 12, no. 2 (2021): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5210/dad.2021.201.

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The present article investigates possibilities and limits of local (shallow) analysis of discourse coherence with respect to the phenomena of global coherence and higher composition of texts. We study corpora annotated with local discourse relations in Czech and partly in English to try and find clues in the local annotation indicating a higher discourse structure. First, we classify patterns of subsequent or overlapping pairs of local relations, and hierarchies formed by nested local relations. Special attention is then given to relations crossing paragraph boundaries and their semantic types

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Farianto, Willy. "Retirement and Continuation of Employment Relations: Annotation of Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 5 of 2021." Lex Publica 9, no. 1 (2022): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.58829/lp.9.1.2022.111-122.

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Retirement is a time when a worker stops working because he is old or has entered old age. At that time, laws and regulations stipulated that termination of employment could be carried out for the reason that workers were entering retirement age. However, sometimes it is common to find a company still employing retirees, whether they are employees who have retired but are still employed or have had their term of office extended, or who have retired and then been called back to work. For employees who have retired and are re-employed, the company can use a Specific Time Work Agreement (Perjanji

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He, Yinglai, and Tingxuan Mi. "Legal Effects of the Exercise of Creditors' Right of Subrogation--Annotation on the Interpretation Path of Article 537 of the Chinese Civil Code." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 12 (2024): 110–18. https://doi.org/10.54691/s8drb130.

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Since the subrogation system was introduced into China, the legal effect of creditors' exercise of subrogation rights has been a matter of contention, particularly with regard to the interpretation of Article 537 of the Chinese Civil Code. This article analyses the legislative history and judicial practice of subrogation rights in China, as well as the effect of the exercise of subrogation rights from the perspective of comparative law, starting from Article 537 of the Chinese Civil Code. Furthermore, this paper will examine the "rules of warehousing combined with set-off rules", "priority com

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Pionke, Albert D. "Reconstructing an Ancient Monument to Mid-Victorian Liberalism, One Annotation at a Time: John Stuart Mill’s Marginalia in George Grote’s History of Greece." Victorians Institute Journal 48, no. 1 (2021): 130–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/victinstj.48.2021.0130.

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Abstract John Stuart Mill inscribed nearly 1,200 individual examples of marginalia into his personal copy of George Grote’s twelve-volume History of Greece (1846–56). Of these, roughly two-thirds are verbal annotations ranging in length from a single letter to a short paragraph. Analysis of the 136 annotations found in volumes one and two, and comparison of each page containing annotations across five editions of Grote’s History, reveal not only that Mill was directly responsible for sixty revisions made to the text of volumes one and two but also that Mill read and annotated his friend’s “opu

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Avornic, Gheorghe, and Alexandr Ternovschi. "Ensuring fundamental rights guaranteed constitutionally. Doctrinal-normative approaches." Supremacy of Law, no. 1 (December 2023): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/2345-1971.2023.1.01.

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The article contains a scientific study in the field of the position of ensuring the constitutionally guaranteed fundamental rights and freedoms, which are essential for the free development of the human personality within the society organized in the state. And their real insurance with guaranteed rights constitutes the foundation of the society, which in fact is absent. In the given article we will elucidate both the organic connection between the guaranteed right and the insured right, that is, the complex unity of the phenomenon as well as the fullness of the normative regulations, through

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Kim, Gyeongmin, and Jaechoon Jo. "Verification of a Dataset for Korean Machine Reading Comprehension with Numerical Discrete Reasoning over Paragraphs." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 6, no. 2-2 (2022): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.6.2-2.1120.

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Numerical reasoning in machine reading comprehension (MRC) has demonstrated significant performance improvements in the past few years. However, due to the process being restricted to specific languages, low-resource languages are not considered, and MRC studies on such languages are limited. In addition, the methods that rely on existing information extracted within the span of a paragraph have limitations in responding to questions requiring actual reasoning. To overcome these shortcomings, this study establishes a dataset for learning Korean Question and Answering (QA) models that not only

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Ganzinger, Matthias, Karsten Senghas, Stefan Riezler, Petra Knaup, Martin Löpprich, and Felix Krauss. "Automated Classification of Selected Data Elements from Free-text Diagnostic Reports for Clinical Research." Methods of Information in Medicine 55, no. 04 (2016): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me15-02-0019.

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SummaryObjectives: In the Multiple Myeloma clinical registry at Heidelberg University Hospital, most data are extracted from discharge letters. Our aim was to analyze if it is possible to make the manual documentation process more efficient by using methods of natural language processing for multiclass classification of free-text diagnostic reports to automatically document the diagnosis and state of disease of myeloma patients. The first objective was to create a corpus consisting of free-text diagnosis paragraphs of patients with multiple myeloma from German diagnostic reports, and its manua

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Mazzotti, Diego, Bethany Staley, Brendan Keenan, Allan Pack, Richard Schwab, and Mary Regina Boland. "399 Using Machine Learning to Inform Extraction of Clinical Data from Sleep Study Reports." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (2021): A158—A159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.398.

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Abstract Introduction In-laboratory and home sleep studies are important tools for diagnosing sleep disorders. However, a limited amount of measurements is used to inform disease severity and only specific measures, if any, are stored as structured fields into electronic health records (EHR). We propose a sleep study data extraction approach based on supervised machine learning to facilitate the development of specialized format-specific parsers for large-scale automated sleep data extraction. Methods Using retrospective data from the Penn Medicine Sleep Center, we identified 64,100 sleep stud

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Lo, Jia-Jiunn, Shiou-Wen Yeh, and Chao-Shien Sung. "Learning paragraph structure with online annotations: An interactive approach to enhancing EFL reading comprehension." System 41, no. 2 (2013): 413–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2013.03.003.

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Peretiatko, Yu. "Observance of Materiality in Financial Statements: Theoretical and Practical Aspects." Modern Economics 24, no. 1 (2020): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v24(2020)-22.

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Annotation. Introduction. Observance of materiality in financial reporting allows interested parties to obtain complete, accurate and timely information on the activities of the entity. The level of materiality is established by the enterprise independently taking into account the norms of the current regulatory framework and is approved in the accounting policy. Only under this condition, information about the company’s activities will be of high quality, and stakeholders will be able to obtain complete, accurate and timely information. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study complian

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Zirka, Vіra, and Olena Panchenko. "ACADEMIC ENGLISH TEXT IN FUTURE RESEARCHERS TRAINING." Theory and Practice of Teaching Ukrainian as a Foreign Language, no. 19 (May 5, 2025): 268–76. https://doi.org/10.30970/ufl.2025.19.4826.

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The article discusses concepts related to Academic English for novice researchers, graduate students, questions on scientific discourse and scientific text, abstracts, annotations, resumes writing. The significance of scientific annotations and keywords is indicated, especially for beginners. Some aspects of scientists training for writing/creating a text related to scientific work are analyzed. It is noted that the materials that guide scientific research must cover those that are closely connected to the purpose, contain all data collections, analyzes or experiments, if they are necessary an

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Huang, Ming-Siang, Po-Ting Lai, Pei-Yen Lin, Yu-Ting You, Richard Tzong-Han Tsai, and Wen-Lian Hsu. "Biomedical named entity recognition and linking datasets: survey and our recent development." Briefings in Bioinformatics 21, no. 6 (2020): 2219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbaa054.

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Abstract Natural language processing (NLP) is widely applied in biological domains to retrieve information from publications. Systems to address numerous applications exist, such as biomedical named entity recognition (BNER), named entity normalization (NEN) and protein–protein interaction extraction (PPIE). High-quality datasets can assist the development of robust and reliable systems; however, due to the endless applications and evolving techniques, the annotations of benchmark datasets may become outdated and inappropriate. In this study, we first review commonlyused BNER datasets and thei

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Yukina, M. Yu, A. R. Elfimova, E. A. Troshina, G. A. Melnichenko, and N. G. Mokrysheva. "Erratum: Insulinoma: analysis of prevalence and incidence in the world (Endocrine surgery. 2023;17(2):4-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/serg12805)." Endocrine Surgery 19, no. 1 (2025): 49–51. https://doi.org/10.14341/serg13019.

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An erratum on «Insulinoma: analysis of prevalence and incidence in the world» by Marina Yu. Yukina, Alina R. Elfimova, Ekaterina A. Troshina, Galina A. Melnichenko, Natalia G. Mokrysheva (2023). Endocrine surgery. 17(2):4-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.14341/serg12805.An error was made in the annotations in Russian and English (section «Results»), table 1, in paragraph 1 on page 7, in paragraph 5 on page 8 — the following prevalence of insulinoma in the Russian Federation is indicated: 11.9 per 1 million population. The correct prevalence of insulinoma in the Russian Federation is 11.5 per 1 mill

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Chorna, V. V., V. M. Makhniuk, H. V. Chaika, S. T. Yurchenko, and M. O. Kovaliv. "Substantiation of the sanitary-epidemiological component to the new edition of the state-building norms of Ukraine “Health care institutions” concerning designing of psychiatric hospitals, taking into account the international experience." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 25, no. 1 (2021): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2021-25(1)-22.

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Annotation. The aim of the work was to evaluate the design decisions of new psychiatric health care facilities in Ukraine and their comparative characteristics with EU institutions. An analysis of the requirements for the design of domestic new psychiatric wards, day hospitals in outpatient psychiatric wards in general hospitals according to paragraph 8.2.15 SBN B.2.2-10: 2019. State building codes of Ukraine “Buildings and structures. Healthcare facilities” (draft, final version) and European facilities of the same type based on the study of literature data. The method of theoretical analysis

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Syromiatnikov, M. V., and V. M. Ruvinskaya. "UA-LLM: ADVANCING CONTEXT-BASED QUESTION ANSWERING IN UKRAINIAN THROUGH LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS." Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control, no. 1 (April 2, 2024): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-3274-2024-1-14.

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Context. Context-based question answering, a fundamental task in natural language processing, demands a deep understanding of the language’s nuances. While being a sophisticated task, it’s an essential part of modern search systems, intelligent assistants, chatbots, and the whole Conversational AI field. While English, Chinese, and other widely spoken languages have gathered an extensive number of datasets, algorithms, and benchmarks, the Ukrainian language, with its rich linguistic heritage and intricate syntax, has remained among low-resource languages in the NLP community, making the Questi

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Aben, Guido, and Juri Hößelbarth. "Starting FDO in the Cradle -- ROcrating Live Data." Research Ideas and Outcomes 8 (October 12, 2022): e95972. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.8.e95972.

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This talk discusses the use of Fair Digital Objects (FDOs for short) for a democratised approach to FAIRness, that is, adherence to the Findable/Accessible/Interoperable/Reusable set of requirements, collectively called FAIR. This capability is being built for the CS3MESH4EOSC project.CS3MESH4EOSC is a 3-year EU-funded project in the EOSC context (we started Feb 2020) that addresses the challenges of the fragmentation of file and application services, digital sovereignty and the application of FAIR principles in the everyday practice of researchers. Initially, 7 major data services will be com

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KIM, SANGHEE, ROB H. BRACEWELL, and KEN M. WALLACE. "Answering engineers' questions using semantic annotations." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 21, no. 2 (2007): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060407070205.

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Question–answering (QA) systems have proven to be helpful, especially to those who feel uncomfortable entering keywords, sometimes extended with search symbols such as +, *, and so forth. In developing such systems, the main focus has been on the enhanced retrieval performance of searches, and recent trends in QA systems center on the extraction of exact answers. However, when their usability was evaluated, some users indicated that they found it difficult to accept the answers because of the absence of supporting context and rationale. Current approaches to address this problem include provid

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Phatak, Atharva, David W. Savage, Robert Ohle, Jonathan Smith, and Vijay Mago. "Medical Text Simplification Using Reinforcement Learning (TESLEA): Deep Learning–Based Text Simplification Approach." JMIR Medical Informatics 10, no. 11 (2022): e38095. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/38095.

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Background In most cases, the abstracts of articles in the medical domain are publicly available. Although these are accessible by everyone, they are hard to comprehend for a wider audience due to the complex medical vocabulary. Thus, simplifying these complex abstracts is essential to make medical research accessible to the general public. Objective This study aims to develop a deep learning–based text simplification (TS) approach that converts complex medical text into a simpler version while maintaining the quality of the generated text. Methods A TS approach using reinforcement learning an

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Cummings, James, and Arno Mittelbach. "The Holinshed Project: Comparing and linking two editions of Holinshed's Chronicle." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 4, no. 1-2 (2010): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2011.0006.

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This article documents the digital humanities aspects of The Holinshed Project at the University of Oxford. It outlines the nature of the project, in particular the need to compare paragraphs of the 1577 and 1587 editions of Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland. In order to accomplish these comparisons, a tool known as the TEI-Comparator was created. This is a bespoke fuzzy text comparison engine with a frontend web interface designed for the project. The TEI-Comparator automatically matches reorganised and fragmented paragraphs in the two editions. It is then used for conf

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Symeonova, Yuliia. "Vocal and Choral Analysis of the Arrangement of Ukrainian Folk Songs and Choral Miniatures in the Context of Writing an Annotation for a Choral Work." Bulletin of KNUKiM. Series in Arts, no. 47 (December 26, 2022): 74–79. https://doi.org/10.31866/2410-1176.47.2022.269569.

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The purpose of the research is to highlight the leading determinants of the vocal and choral analysis of the arrangement of the Ukrainian folk song and choral miniature; to determine for applicants for higher education the peculiarities of writing the section “Vocal and choral analysis”, in particular annotations for a choral work, for the arrangement of a folk song or an author’s work in the style of a folk song. This section is the most professional in the work, requiring students not only to describe and factualize but also to comprehend the artistic intentions of the

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Lee, Du-eun. "Translation and Annotation of “Zhongni yue[仲尼曰]” in the Newly Published Anhui University Bamboo StripsⅡ". Society for Chinese Humanities in Korea 84 (31 серпня 2023): 289–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.35955/jch.2023.08.84.289.

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This paper contains the korean interpretation and translation of the text called “Zhongni yue〔仲尼曰〕” in the Newly Published Anhui University Bamboo StripsⅡ〔《安徽大學藏戰國竹簡》(二)〕. This translation is a basic study that introduces “Zhongni yue〔仲尼曰〕” to Korean readers. As a result of carbon isotope measurement(¹⁴C), the date of the bamboo slips was confirmed to be between the early and mid-Warring States Period, about 2280 years ago from now. “Zhongni yue〔仲尼曰〕” a collection of Confucius' words consisting of 13 bamboo slips, with a total of 25 paragraphs. It is noteworthy that “Zhongni yue〔仲尼曰〕” omitted

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Wang, Yanan, Hong Wu, Chenxi Xia, and Naiji Lu. "Impact of the Price of Gifts From Patients on Physicians’ Service Quality in Online Consultations: Empirical Study Based on Social Exchange Theory." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 5 (2020): e15685. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15685.

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Background Gift giving from patients to physicians, which is prohibited in traditional clinical settings in China, has been found to occur in online health communities. However, there is debate on the validity of online gifts since physicians gain an economic benefit. Moreover, the potential impact of these gifts, particularly with respect to the financial value of the gift, on the online consultation service quality remains unexplored. Objective The aim of this study was to explore the impact of gift price on the quality of physicians’ online consultation service. Insight into this impact is

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Subowo, Edy, Imam Bukhori, and Warto. "Corpus Development and NER Model for Identification of Legal Entities (Articles, Laws, and Sanctions) in Corruption Court Decisions in Indonesia." Transactions on Informatics and Data Science 2, no. 1 (2025): 27–39. https://doi.org/10.24090/tids.v2i1.13592.

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This study aims to develop an annotated corpus and a deep learning-based Named Entity Recognition (NER) model to identify legal entities in Indonesian corruption court rulings. The corpus was constructed from 450 Supreme Court documents related to the Anti-Corruption Laws (Laws No. 31/1999), collected via web scraping, with semi-automatic annotation (regex) and validation by legal experts. A total of 12,000 entities (Article, Laws, Sanctions) were tagged in IOB format, creating the first specialized dataset for Indonesian corruption laws. The NER model combines the IndoBERT (pre-trained langua

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王敏東, 王敏東. "張愛玲小説「傾城之戀」的日語翻譯". 台灣應用日語研究, № 35 (червень 2025): 001–32. https://doi.org/10.53106/199875792025060035001.

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<p>&nbsp;本研究探討張愛玲代表作之一的「傾城之戀」的上田志津子（1991）、池上貞子（1995）、藤井省三（2018）的三個日文翻譯本，討論分段、注音、註釋及不適切的翻譯等四個面向。</p><p> 結果得知，由於上田、池上譯本較偏向意譯及日本人習慣的分段模式，因此段落數較多。因高度遵循張愛玲原著的分段、用字等，故相對地藤井譯本較多在漢字旁注音及添加註釋的情形。1991年最初的上田日譯本因當時能夠參考的相關資料有限，因此出現一些不適切的翻譯。之後1995年池上的日譯本參考了上田譯本，減少了不適切的翻譯情形。2018年第三個藤井日譯本的正確性大幅提高。</p><p> 基本上三個譯本在意的面向各有不同，因此閱讀「傾城之戀」不同的日文譯本可以有不同層次的感受。</p><p> </p><p>This study examines three Japanese translations of one of Eileen Chang’s representative works, "Love in a Fallen City," by Ueda Shizuko (1991), Ikegami Sadako (1995), and Fujii Shozo (2018). I

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Geva, Mor, Daniel Khashabi, Elad Segal, Tushar Khot, Dan Roth, and Jonathan Berant. "Did Aristotle Use a Laptop? A Question Answering Benchmark with Implicit Reasoning Strategies." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 9 (2021): 346–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00370.

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Abstract A key limitation in current datasets for multi-hop reasoning is that the required steps for answering the question are mentioned in it explicitly. In this work, we introduce StrategyQA, a question answering (QA) benchmark where the required reasoning steps are implicit in the question, and should be inferred using a strategy. A fundamental challenge in this setup is how to elicit such creative questions from crowdsourcing workers, while covering a broad range of potential strategies. We propose a data collection procedure that combines term-based priming to inspire annotators, careful

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Murphy, Christine. "E.M.W. Tillyard: A Catalyst for Lewis’s 'Preface'." Linguaculture 10, no. 2 (2019): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/lincu-2019-2-0153.

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When C.S. Lewis read E. M. W. Tillyard’s book Milton (1930), he engaged with the text through markings and annotations, particularly in the inside cover of the book. In this book, Lewis wrote an extended paragraph in direct response to Tillyard’s claim that it is necessary to understand the state of mind of a poet in order to analyze his or her work. Lewis’ notes focus on John Milton’s epic poem Paradise Lost (1667) and bear immense similarity to the themes found in his work A Preface to Paradise Lost (1942). When Lewis and Tillyard debated various aspects of poetry in the 1930s, their article

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Gwara, Scott. "The transmission of the ‘Digby’ corpus of bilingual glosses to Aldhelm's Prosa de virginitate." Anglo-Saxon England 27 (December 1998): 139–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026367510000483x.

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Aldhelm of Malmesbury's Prosa de virginitate (hereafter Pdv) can be called one of the most enduring works of Anglo-Saxon scholarship. Immensely influential in Aldhelm's lifetime, the text continued to be popular in England and on the Continent until Viking invasions put an end to native learning in the last half of the ninth century. Yet by the 920s interest in Aldhelm's prose treatise had revived, inaugurating a new movement in ‘hermeneutic’ Latin that lasted, in some centres, beyond the turn of the twelfth century. Fourteen English manuscripts of Pdv document the renewed interest in Aldhelm'

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Agustina, Dinda, Maryam Maryam, and Siti Marhamah. "Natural Language Processing for Interactive and Personalized Qur’anic Education." International Journal of Technology and Modeling 2, no. 2 (2023): 91–98. https://doi.org/10.63876/ijtm.v2i2.130.

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The development of artificial intelligence technology, particularly Natural Language Processing (NLP), has opened significant opportunities for transforming Qur’anic learning methods. NLP, as a branch of AI focused on the interaction between computers and human languages, offers new approaches to understanding, analyzing, and teaching the text of the Qur’an in a more interactive and personalized manner. This article examines the utilization of NLP technology in the context of Qur’anic education, from the application of Arabic word morphology analysis to paragraph search systems based on meanin

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Шигаров, Алексей Олегович, and Вячеслав Владимирович Парамонов. "Page text segmentation in untagged PDF documents." Вычислительные технологии, no. 5 (November 28, 2022): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/ict.2022.27.5.007.

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Большой объем нередактируемых документов публикуется и распространяется в формате PDF. Часто они являются “неразмеченными”, т. е. не сопровождаются аннотацией о собственной структуре, в них нет метаданных о месторасположении заголовков, параграфов, абзацев, таблиц, списков, рисунков, колонтитулов и пр. Анализ компоновки документов состоит в распознавании перечисленных элементов структуры. Базовой частью этого процесса является сегментация текста внутри страниц на блоки, которые затем можно классифицировать как заголовки, абзацы, ячейки таблиц и пр. Известные алгоритмы сегментации страниц в осн

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Novotny, Eric. "Book Review: The Civil War and Reconstruction Eras: Documents Decoded." Reference & User Services Quarterly 57, no. 4 (2018): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.57.4.6714.

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Making his fourth contribution to the Documents Decoded series, John R. Vile provides critical commentary for more than sixty documents from the era. The organization is chronological, starting in 1859 and extending to 1877. Source documents are typically brief—averaging one to five pages, with a few longer texts such as the 1861 Constitution of the Confederate States. Designed with the needs of “high school students, college students, and general citizens in mind,” (xiv) each text includes an introduction of about a paragraph providing historical context, and a brief conclusion summarizing th

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Chung, Tieu-Thuy, Luyen-Thi Bui, and Peter Crosthwaite. "Evaluative stance in Vietnamese and English writing by the same authors: A corpus-informed appraisal study." Research in Corpus Linguistics 10, no. 1 (2021): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32714/ricl.10.01.01.

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Appraisal theory (Martin and White 2005), an approach to discourse analysis dealing with evaluative language, has been previously employed in analysing newspaper articles and spoken discourses in several earlier studies, although it is gaining in popularity as a framework for comparing first and second (L1/L2) writing. This study investigated 40 English majors’ Vietnamese and English paragraphs for evaluative language, a key component of successful academic writing, as realised under Appraisal theory. To this purpose, we collected L1 Vietnamese and L2 English data from the same student writers

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Mora-Cross, Maria, William Ulate, Chacón Brandon Retana, Portillo María Biarreta, Ramírez Josué David Castro, and Madriz Jose Chavarria. "Structuring Information from Plant Morphological Descriptions using Open Information Extraction." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 7 (September 21, 2023): e113055. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.7.113055.

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Taxonomic literature keeps records of the planet's biodiversity and gives access to the knowledge needed for research and sustainable management. The number of publications generated is quite large: the corpus of biodiversity literature includes tens of millions of figures and taxonomic treatments. Unfortunately, most of the taxonomic descriptions are from scientific publications in text format. With more than 61 million digitized pages in the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), only 467,265 taxonomic treatments are available in the Biodiversity Literature Repository. To obtain highly structu

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Zhang, Shujuan, Fengyu Yang, and Evgenia I. Mitkina. "Characteristics of Translation and Research of Chinese Classical Poetry in Russia." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies 16, no. 1 (2024): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2024.105.

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The study of Chinese classical poetry in Russia dates back several centuries, it is original, has its own bright, distinctive features, no matter in the period of Imperial Russia, the Soviet Union, or contemporary Russia, it always occupies a unique position in the world’s sinology field. In this article, the spread of Chinese classical poetry in Russia is systematically considered from such aspects as the interaction of translators and researchers, translations and works about poets, writers and their works, as well as translation principles and various aspects of research, originality, model

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Al-Jarf, Reima. "Multimodal Teaching and Learning in the EFL College Classroom." Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics 6, no. 4 (2024): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2024.6.4.7.

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Multimodal learning refers to teaching strategies that involve multiple sensory systems simultaneously. Teachers can create materials for students with different learning styles (auditory, visual, kinesthetic reading, and writing). Multimodal learning keeps students engaged, encourages them to apply what they learn in real-life situations, provides more variety, and develops learner autonomy. This study proposes a model for developing listening, speaking, reading, writing, vocabulary and grammar skills in EFL using multimodal language learning activities such as task-based, project-based, prob

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Matvieieva, Svitlana A., Nataliya Ye Lemish, Alla A. Zernetska, Volodymyr O. Babych, and Maryna A. Torgovets. "English-Ukrainian Parallel Corpus: Prerequisites for Building and Practical Use in Translation Studies." Studies about Languages 1, no. 40 (2022): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sal.40.1.30735.

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Consistent demand for highly professional translators determines continuous attempts of researchers and programmers to develop and propose reliable tools for both improvement of translation quality and facilitation of translators’ work. Last ten years have brought the parallel and comparable corpora into the focus of Ukrainian scientists’ attention. The aim of the paper is to specify the prerequisites for building the English-Ukrainian parallel corpus and describe its application in Translation Studies. A parallel corpus as a separate type of linguistic corpora cannot be built without alignmen

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Kaskova, Margarita, and Olga Demina. "Texts rendering into a foreign language. Distant learning experience." E3S Web of Conferences 295 (2021): 05014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129505014.

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This article examines the effectiveness of pedagogical techniques and means of stimulating educational motivation during the classes “Rendering and annotating text in a foreign language” in distant learning in higher education. Experimental training was conducted to test the effectiveness of the authors’ electronic text rendering tutorial for students learning Italian as a second language. The experiment was carried out among the 2-nd and 3-rd year students of the Linguistics department in the Institute of Foreign Languages of the RUDN University in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 academic years.

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Zasrianita, Fera. "USING OF READING, ENCODING, ANNOTATING, AND PONDERING (REAP) TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION (A Classroom Action Research at Eighth Grade Students in MTSN 1 Kota Bengkulu in Academic years 2016)." Ta'dib 12, no. 2 (2017): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/jt.v19i2.460.

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AbstractThe researcher found the problem at MTSN 1 in the city of Bengkulu at grade VIII I that students got difficulty in comprehending reading texts, and in understanding meanings of words in paragraphs, and teachers techniques made the students bored. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to improve students’ reading comprehension through REAP techniques. The subject of the research is the students of grade VIII I consisting of 27 students, 14 female students and 13 male students. The instruments of the research are reading tets, observation sheetteacher and the students, interview guid

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Valerii S., Hlukhov, and Sydorko Dmytro S. "Algorithms and software for verification of scientific and technical text documents." Applied Aspects of Information Technology 6, no. 3 (2023): 304–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/aait.06.2023.21.

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The work provides a solution to the problem of verifying the design (formatting) of scientific and technical documents for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents (the problem of document verification). The basis of the check is the analysis of the styles of the Word text editor, which are used to design the paragraphs of the document under study. For eachelement of the document (headings, annotations, main text, figures, signatures under figures, list of references and others) a reference style of their design was developed. Together, these styles form the set of allowed styl

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А.О., Шигаров. "Распознавание таблиц неаннотированных PDF-документов на основе использования PDF-специфичных свойств". Вычислительные технологии 6, № 29 (2024): 125–46. https://doi.org/10.25743/ict.2024.29.6.008.

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Сегодня PDF — это один из наиболее популярных форматов распространения печатно-ориентированных документов в электронной среде. PDF-документы часто являются неаннотированными: страницы представлены только низкоуровневыми инструкциями рендеринга текста и графики, они не сопровождаются аннотацией своих структурных компонентов (заголовков, абзацев, таблиц и пр.). Автоматическое восстановление такой аннотации может обеспечить доступность структурных компонентов. Последнее возможно при решении ряда задач, одной из которых является распознавание таблиц неаннотированных PDF-документов: обнаружение гра

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Jeon, Min-Chul, and Shoira Jumaniyazova. "Literary Transediting as a Collaborative Process Between the Author and Translator." INContext: Studies in Translation and Interculturalism 4, no. 1 (2024): 53–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54754/incontext.v4i1.79.

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Translation shifts, which can be categorized as either “obligatory” or “optional” have been studied extensively in translation studies. When such shifts occur at the macro-level, that is above the sentence level, a translation can then be said to have transitioned into what Stetting (1989, p. 374) described as “transediting”. Where transediting in journalism has received a considerable amount of attention in translation studies, examples of transedited literature are comparatively rare, and research on such transedited works is proportionate. This article analyzes the translation of the award-

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Pastoukhov, Viktor, Carlos Antonio Reis Pereira Baptista, Helio De Souza Teixeira Junior, and Paulo Roberto Pereira Manzoli. "Optimization of Numerical Analyses for Maintenance of Fuselage Skins with Rectangular Repairs." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.615.

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800x600 Greatly reduced inspection intervals of skin damage repairs pose a significant financial problem for aging commercial aircraft fleets. Such intervals for visual inspections are the result of simplified conservative repair substantiation analyses, based on the same crack propagation scenarios and curves that were established in the initial project development. These neglect the structural role of external repair (“doubler”) and consider only the increase in hidden crack path. A more refined approach to reassessing inspection intervals after a repair may keep maintenance jobs in accordan

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Gebeyehu, Seffi, Worke Wolde, and Zelalem S. Shibeshi. "Information extraction model from Ge’ez texts." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 30, no. 2 (2023): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i2.pp787-795.

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Nowadays, voluminous and unstructured textual data is found on the Internet that could provide varied valuable information for different institutions such as health care, business-related, training, religion, culture, and history, among others. A such alarming growth of unstructured data fosters the need for various methods and techniques to extract valuable information from unstructured data. However, exploring helpful information to satisfy the needs of the stakeholders becomes a problem due to information overload via the internet. This paper, therefore, presents an effective model for extr

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Rahayu, Sri, Natasya Husna, Adila Umniati Aufa, Albaiyah Albaiyah, Hikmal Akbar, and Reni Agustina Hrp. "Pola Asuh Orang Tua dalam Membentuk Karakter Religius Anak di Dusun 3 Desa Dogang." Jurnal Abdi Mas Adzkia 4, no. 1 (2023): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/adzkia.v4i1.17397.

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<div><strong>Abstrak</strong></div><div><strong><br /></strong></div><div>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi jenis dan implementasi pola asuh orang tua dalam membentuk karakter religius anak, serta menggambarkan karakter religius anak yang mengalami pola asuh tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Subjek penelitian adalah seorang ibu berinisial SA yang tinggal di Dusun 3 Desa Dogang. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik wawancara. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola asuh

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Čerba, Otakar. "Roles of Ontologies in Cartography." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-39-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Ontologies (in computer science and information science) represent the essential tool for a formalised description of concepts, data, information, knowledge and other entities as well as relations among them. Their history is relatively old. The idea of ontologies in informatics started in the mid-1970s, but ontology as the philosophical discipline connected to existence and nature of reality came from the Ancient Greek. The ontologies as a part of knowledge-based systems were discussed in the 1980s. In 1993 Thomas R. Gruber defined ontology in i

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