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1
WILD, ALEXANDER L. "A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Zootaxa 1622, no. 1 (October 26, 2007): 1–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1622.1.1.
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The ant communities of the Paraná River drainage in South America have spawned several major invasive species and a number of cosmopolitan tramp species, including the fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren and the Argentine ant Linepithema humile (Mayr). Paraguay sits at the center of the Paraná drainage but hosts one of the most poorly-documented ant faunas in the Neotropics, imposing a taxonomic impediment to ant studies in the region. In order to establish a baseline of knowledge about Paraguay’s myrmecofauna, I surveyed nineteen entomological collections and the published literature for records of Paraguayan ants. The resulting catalogue lists 541 ant species, 423 of which could be associated with available names. The Chao-2 estimate of species richness, calculated from the incidence of uniques and doubletons, estimates that the total ant species richness for Paraguay is 698 +/35, suggesting that the catalogue is about 80% complete and more than 100 species remain to be discovered. The Paraguayan ant fauna is characterized by many typical Neotropical elements but shows low endemism, an elevated diversity of attine ants, and only six non-native species. No new taxa are described here, but 40 taxonomic changes are introduced to clean antiquated trinomials from the fauna. The history of Paraguayan myrmecology is discussed, and a reference list is provided for species-level identifications.
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Pisani, Michael J., Alcides G. Cáceres-Zarate, José-Carlos Tello, and Silvio-Eduardo Becker. "Is the grass greener on the other side?" Fórum Empresarial 27, no. 2 (June 12, 2023): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33801/fe.v27i2.21137.
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Consumer xenocentrism, the belief that the foreign is preferred over the local, is a relatively new construct in the broader country of origin literature. We extend the study of consumer xenocen- trism to Paraguay (South America), an often bypassed and un- derstudied emerging market. Through a purposive survey of 397 middle- and upper-class Paraguayans in 2022, we uncover the existence of consumer xenocentrism and model its relationship to product judgment of regional powers (Argentina and Brazil) and economic superpowers (China and the United States). Our results indicate a positive and significant relationship between Paraguayan consumer xenocentrism and product judgments of Argentina, Brazil, and the United States, but not for China. Mana- gerial and public policy implications of our findings are discussed.
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Smith, Paul. "Notes on vultures (Cathartidae) in Paraguay with a supporting bibliography." Vulture News 79 (June 25, 2021): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/vulnew.v79i.2.
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Paraguay is often overlooked by ornithological researchers as much of its literature is obscure, hard to find or published locally. This is equally true of Cathartid vultures. In an effort to bring this information to a wider audience, we provide a summary of the published Paraguayan literature for each of the four species of vultures that occur in the country, including a history of vulture studies, folklore, a local synonymy and an attempt at a complete bibliography
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Ribeiro, Livio Santos de Leite, and Vilma da Conceição Pinto. "Discrepancies in the Brazilian tobacco production chain: raw inputs, international trade and legal cigarette production." Tobacco Control 29, Suppl 5 (August 25, 2020): s310—s318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055265.
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BackgroundThe significant market share of illicit cigarettes in Brazil is well established in the literature, nonetheless lacking clarity in terms of its actual size. Paraguay has a paramount role in this discussion, acting both as a supplier of illegal tobacco products to Brazil and as buyer of inputs from Brazil. A proper analysis of the illicit cigarette market in Brazil necessarily involves a deeper discussion of the Paraguayan production chain and its interaction with the Brazilian market.MethodsInternational data were used to establish the bilateral legal trade pattern of tobacco-related products between Paraguay and Brazil, including inputs and final outputs. Inspired by the technical requirements methodology, available unmanufactured tobacco within Brazil was obtained by adding-up domestic production with net imports. Its historical behaviour was compared with legal cigarette production patterns within Brazil. Supposing rational agents, these two links of the Brazilian cigarette production chain should behave similarly: for lower final usage, less domestically available supply. Any discrepancies would suggest something abnormal in the production chain.ResultsBrazil is a relevant legal supplier of intermediate goods for the Paraguayan tobacco complex and has an irrelevant position as legal buyer of Paraguayan tobacco-related goods (either inputs or final goods). Paraguayan net imports of production inputs seem to be abnormally high for their legal needs. In Brazil, a clear discrepancy between domestically available unmanufactured tobacco (input) and tax-based cigarette production (output) emerged throughout the years and, even more striking, has been growing over the years.ConclusionsExcessive cigarette production inputs in Paraguay suggest a potential oversupply of cigarettes in that country—likely diverted to illicit trade. Likewise, discrepancies in the Brazilian tobacco production chain are also evidence of illicit tobacco trading in Brazil—not necessarily of final products. A deeper analysis of the Brazil/Paraguay tobacco supply chain would be welcomed given the likely operation of these two countries as a single ‘production/consumption hub’ of both legal and illegal products (either inputs or final tobacco products). Public policies should foster controls not only on cigarettes but also on raw inputs for their production.
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Gotti, Sofia. "Modern Art, Indigeneity, and Nationalism in Paraguay: An Introduction to Josefina Plá's “Ñandutí Crossroads of Two Worlds”." ARTMargins 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_a_00384.
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Abstract This article introduces the first translation of the text “Ñandutí: Crossroads of Two Worlds” by Josefina Plá, pioneer of Paraguayan art and literature. The text offers an overview of this figure's life and politics, in the context of the development of Paraguayan modernism in the 1950s and in the early years of General Alfredo Stroessner's military dictatorship (1954–1989). Particularly, I address her involvement in the First Week of Paraguayan Modern Art as co-founder of the Arte Nuevo group and the close relationship with peers like Olga Blinder and Livio Abramo. Plá's historical study of Ñandutí - lace is typically made by Guaranì women and emblematic of Paraguayan craft - bear particular relevance to the ambitions of Paraguayan modernists. Ñandutí has contested origins between the European and the Indigenous – identities that Paraguayan modernists sought to remap.
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Plá, Josefina. "Ñandutí: Crossroads of Two Worlds: The Lineage and Magic of Ñandutí." ARTMargins 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artm_a_00385.
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Abstract This article introduces the first translation of the text “Ñandutí: Crossroads of Two Worlds” by Josefina Plá, pioneer of Paraguayan art and literature. The text offers an overview of this figure's life and politics, in the context of the development of Paraguayan modernism in the 1950s and in the early years of General Alfredo Stroessner's military dictatorship (1954–1989). Particularly, I address her involvement in the First Week of Paraguayan Modern Art as co-founder of the Arte Nuevo group and the close relationship with peers like Olga Blinder and Livio Abramo. Plá's historical study of Ñandutí - lace is typically made by Guaranì women and emblematic of Paraguayan craft - bear particular relevance to the ambitions of Paraguayan modernists. Ñandutí has contested origins between the European and the Indigenous – identities that Paraguayan modernists sought to remap.
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Lavilla, Esteban O., Andrea Caballero-Gini, Diego Bueno-Villafañe, and Darío Cardozo. "Notes on the distribution of the genus Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Paraguay." Check List 12, no. 6 (December 21, 2016): 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/12.6.2016.
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Four species of Pseudopaludicola, Pseudopaludicola boliviana, P. falcipes, P. mystacalis and P. ternetzi, are usually cited for Paraguay. However, after analyzing 407 specimens assigned to this genus in herpetological collections of the country, we conclude that there are no specimens of P. falcipes in Paraguayan collections or vouchers cited in the literature, and almost all individuals referred to P. ternetzi are most probably P. ameghini. At the same time, a recently described species, P. motorzinho, is recorded for the first time in the country. Information on the distribution of these and the remaining species of Pseudopaludicola in Paraguay (P. boliviana and P. mystacalis) is provided.
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Churukian, Araxie P. "The Juan Silvano Godoi Collection at the University of California, Riverside." Latin American Research Review 27, no. 1 (1992): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100016630.
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For scholars writing a history of a “developing” country, access to pertinent unpublished personal and official sources is so limited that some prominent historical figures are inadequately represented. Juan Silvano Godoi of Paraguay is no exception. Because of the inaccessibility of primary sources, publications on Paraguayan history have devoted little coverage to this major figure. To help fill this gap, the Special Collections Department of the University Library at the University of California, Riverside, has compiled an annotated list of Godoi's personal collection. The Godoi collection represents a crucial period of Paraguayan history, and to understand its importance, researchers must become aware of some of his activities between 1870 and 1926.
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Eufemia, Luca, Michelle Bonatti, and Stefan Sieber. "Synthesis of Environmental Research Knowledge: The Case of Paraguayan Pantanal Tropical Wetlands." Sustainable Agriculture Research 7, no. 4 (October 18, 2018): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v7n4p125.
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The Paraguayan Pantanal offers a valuable case of research regarding natural resource management in tropical wetlands. It is one of the world´s largest wetland of globally important ecological and cultural value that is threatened from environmental exploitations. Paradoxically, this area is rarely scientifically investigated. Therefore, in this paper, this case was chosen to identify literature indirectly related to the area and to highlight the dominant research trends and corresponding gaps. This research was conducted to cluster the available science-based research of Pantanal´s tropical wetlands in order to advocate for more environmental governance focus. Concepts used in the scientific literature of the Paraguayan Pantanal were extrapolated and summarized in category system. A cluster framework of 12 variables of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) was classified into three main search-categories: community engagement and participatory approach (CEPA), natural resources management (NRM) and framework developed (FD). The frequency of different categories demonstrates the natural science´s perspectives dominate over human sciences and humanities. Most of the Paraguayan Pantanal has been studied with regard to its ecological, biological and physical properties. The development of research interest over time and the primary focus on ecological baseline conditions are related to its designation as a Ramsar Site, an UNESCO tentative World Heritage Site and the orientation of national policies towards either environmental protection or regional economic development. A substantial research gap was identified in the FD as studies tended to link their findings to human activities but disregarded the connection between governance variables, natural resource and environmental developments. It is suggested to expand the natural science´s perspective on Paraguay´s wetlands to account for economic, social and political aspects in order to develop a holistic and environmentally sustainable production of science in and about the area.
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Döhla, Hans-Jörg, and Anja Hennemann. "Crossing Language Borders: The Case of Guaraní Markers in Paraguayan Spanish." Romanische Forschungen 136, no. 1 (March 28, 2024): 3–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3196/003581224838485207.
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En el español paraguayo se pueden utilizar formas evidenciales guaraníes para expresar la fuente de información, por ejemplo, ndaje (’se dice‘), así como he'i (’dice‘; del verbo guaraní e ’decir‘) para la evidencialidad reportativa, y ra'e (había sido ’resultó que‘) para la evidencialidad inferencial (con matices mirativos). Mediante un análisis cualitativo de corpus de ejemplos tomados de la prensa amarilla paraguaya se investigan las funciones de estos marcadores como estrategias evidenciales cuando se usan en el español paraguayo. Para ello, se comparan las funciones de los marcadores en el guaraní con el uso en el español paraguayo y se analiza su comportamiento sintáctico en ambas lenguas. En general, el estudio muestra que en la tradición discursiva particular de la prensa amarilla el uso de estos elementos guaraníes puede considerarse sistemático e integrado.
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Berkhout, Pelle, and Jeroen Warner. "Transboundary water relations of the Itaipu Dam." Regions and Cohesion 13, no. 3 (December 1, 2023): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/reco.2023.130302.
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Abstract The article identifies an empirical blind spot in the literature on hydro-hegemony, with a scant analysis of power relations and resource control between states in transboundary water relations in a Latin American context. This article aims to fill this gap by examining Brazilian hydro-hegemony in the case of the Brazilian–Paraguayan Itaipu hydroelectric dam, the second-largest hydroelectric dam in the world by production. Based on a literature review and analysis of interviews with regional experts, it is argued that Brazilian hydro-hegemony can be best understood as consensual hegemony, resulting in consensual hydro- hegemony as a distinct and understudied form. In the Itaipu case, Brazil established such a hydro-hegemony through the dam's binational administrative company, containing Paraguay within a structure that leads to Brazil-skewed resource control. Resumen El artículo identifica un punto ciego empírico en la literatura sobre hidrohegemonía, con un escaso análisis de las relaciones de poder y control de recursos entre Estados en las relaciones hídricas transfronterizas en un contexto latinoamericano. Este artículo pretende llenar este vacío examinando la hidrohegemonía brasileña en el caso de la presa hidroeléctrica brasileño–paraguaya de Itaipú, la segunda mayor presa hidroeléctrica del mundo por producción. A partir de una revisión bibliográfica y del análisis de entrevistas con expertos regionales, se argumenta que la hidrohegemonía brasileña puede entenderse mejor como hegemonía consensual, resultando la hidrohegemonía consensual una forma distinta y poco estudiada. En el caso de Itaipú, Brasil estableció tal hidrohegemonía a través de la empresa administrativa binacional de la represa, conteniendo a Paraguay dentro de una estructura que lleva a un control de los recursos sesgado hacia Brasil. Résumé L'article identifie un point aveugle empirique dans la littérature sur l'hydro-hégémonie, caractérisée par une analyse limitée des relations de pouvoir et du contrôle des ressources entre les États dans les relations transfrontalières en matière d'eau dans le contexte latino- américain. Cet article vise à combler cette lacune en examinant l'hydro- hégémonie brésilienne dans le cas du barrage hydroélectrique brésilo- paraguayen d'Itaipu, le deuxième plus grand barrage hydroélectrique du monde en termes de production. A partir d'une revue de la littérature et d'une analyse d'entretiens avec des experts de la région, il est avancé que l'hydro-hégémonie brésilienne peut être mieux comprise comme une hégémonie consensuelle, une forme distincte et peu étudiée d'hydro- hégémonie. Dans le cas d'Itaipu, le Brésil a établi une telle hégémonie hydrologique par le biais de l'entreprise binationale administratrice du barrage, confinant le Paraguay dans une structure qui le réduit à un contrôle déséquilibré des ressources par rapport au Brésil.
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Whigham, Thomas L., and Barbara Potthast. "The Paraguayan Rosetta Stone: New Insights into the Demographics of the Paraguayan War, 1864–1870." Latin American Research Review 34, no. 1 (1999): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100024341.
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AbstractThe demographics of the Paraguayan War (1864–1870) have long fascinated historicans and sociologists. If the oft-repeated tales of a 70 percent loss of life in Paraguay are accurate, then this war represents a singular case in modern history, one full of implications for students of militarism, gender, and culture. This study analyzes a newly discovered census from 1870 and reworks earlier censal materials. The authors conclude that the old stories of a steep loss of population during the war are basically correct.
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Marcos, Juan Manuel. "Ruy Diaz de Guzman in the Context of Paraguayan Colonial Literature." MLN 102, no. 2 (March 1987): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2905697.
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Abente, Diego. "The War of the Triple Alliance: Three Explanatory Models." Latin American Research Review 22, no. 2 (1987): 47–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100022044.
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The Paraguayan War, or War of the Triple Alliance, fought by Paraguay against Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay (1864–1870), remains unique in the Latin American context in several respects. Dire in its duration and human toll, the war's underlying conflict was not directly related to specific boundary disagreements. Unlike other Latin American conflicts, the War of the Triple Alliance has stirred a passionate controversy involving heavy ideological connotations, with some analysts viewing it as a struggle between civilization (the Alliance) and barbarism (Paraguay) and others depicting it as a confrontation between British imperialism (the Alliance) and Latin American nationalism (Paraguay).
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Estrada, Marcos, and Marcos Estrada. "Brasiguaio Identities: An outcome of the pursuit of land across the Brazilian and Paraguayan shared border region." Exchanges: The Interdisciplinary Research Journal 5, no. 1 (October 29, 2017): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/eirj.v5i1.205.
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The movement of people between places is far from being a new or isolated phenomenon and is happening more often than before. This is also the case for individuals who moved from Brazil and Paraguay. Based on the existing literature as well as on data gathered in the landless camp Antônio Irmão, also known locally as the ‘Brasiguaios landless camp’ in Itaquiraí in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, this article explains how their search for a piece of land in either Brazil and Paraguay influenced the formation of the Brasiguaios identities. First, I briefly approach the foundation of transnationalism scholarship, which guided my research. Next, I demonstrate how land policies in Brazil and Paraguay, aimed at developing their respective border regions, played a role in the migration of Brazilians to Paraguayan and then the return of a number of them to Brazil. Last, I share the narrative of individuals in the Brasiguaio landless camp in the pursuit of land in either country. At the core of my argument is that the Brasiguaio identities of this landless group result from their pursuit of land rather than from migration processes.
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Estigarribia, Bruno. "Guaraní-Spanish Jopara Mixing in a Paraguayan Novel." Journal of Language Contact 8, no. 2 (February 27, 2015): 183–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-00802002.
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We study the highly idiosyncratic case of Paraguay, the only American nation where an indigenous language has survived as a majority language spoken by the non-indigenous population. Jopara is the name of the commonly used code that mixes Guaraní and Spanish. Characterizations of Jopara in the literature are inconclusive. Some authors call it a variety of Spanish, some a variety of Guaraní, others a new mixed language. The choice of one characterization over the other has important implications for the status of Guaraní vis-à-vis Spanish, especially for Paraguay’s educational and language planning. Here we analyze Jopara as it is represented in the novel Ramona Quebranto (rq-Jopara). We show that this written code is not a variety of either Spanish or Guaraní, nor a mixed language. Rather, it reflects properties of true code-switching. It displays both insertional and alternational characteristics (Muysken, 2000), as well as evidence of a composite matrix language (Myers-Scotton, 2002). We conclude by suggesting rq-Jopara fits best a “mixed lect” scenario (Backus, 2003) and discussing generalization to spoken Jopara.
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Kujawska, Monika. "Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Beverage: Nutraceutical Ingredient or Conveyor for the Intake of Medicinal Plants? Evidence from Paraguayan Folk Medicine." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6849317.
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The use of medicinal plants mixed with yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) has been poorly studied in the ethnopharmacological literature so far. The Paraguayan Mestizo people have the longest tradition of using the yerba mate beverage, apart from the indigenous Guarani people. This study analyses the role of yerba mate and medicinal plants in the treatment of illnesses within Paraguayan folk medicine. The research was conducted among 100 Paraguayan migrants living in Misiones, Argentina, in 2014 and 2015. Yerba mate is not considered to be a medicinal plant by its own virtues but is culturally a very important type of medicinal plant intake. Ninety-seven species are employed in hot and cold versions of the yerba mate beverage. The most important species are as follows: Allophylus edulis (highest number of citations), Aristolochia triangularis (highest relative importance value), and Achyrocline flaccida and Achyrocline tomentosa (highest score by Index of Agreement on Species). The plants are used in the treatment of 18 medicinal categories, which include illnesses traditionally treated with plants: digestive system, humoral medicine, and relatively new health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and high levels of cholesterol. Newly incorporated medicinal plants, such as Moringa oleifera, are ingested predominantly or exclusively with the mate beverage.
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Bittar, Josefina. "Spanish loan verbs in Paraguayan Guaraní: coexistence, replacement, or both?" Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 16, no. 2 (September 1, 2023): 305–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/shll-2023-2012.
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Abstract Contact linguists have proposed that core borrowing can indicate language attrition – as the loan replaces its native-origin counterpart – while cultural borrowing expands the lexicon (Campbell, Lyle. 2013. Historical linguistics: An introduction, 3rd edn. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; Muysken, Pieter. 2000. Bilingual speech: A typology of code-mixing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). However, Tadmor and Haspelmath (Tadmor, Uri & Martin Haspelmath. 2009. Loanwords in the world’s languages: A comparative handbook. Berlin: De Gruyter) found that in core borrowing cases, coexistence of the foreign and the native forms is more common than replacement. In this paper, I explore coexistence and replacement scenarios of Spanish-origin core loan verbs and their native-origin counterparts in Paraguayan Guaraní. These loans have been previously described as instances of code-switching (Estigarribia, Bruno. 2017. Insertion and backflagging as mixing strategies underlying Guaraní-Spanish mixed words. In Bruno Estigarribia & Justin Pinta (eds.), Guaraní linguistics in the 21st century, 315–347. Leiden: Brill; Kallfell, Guido. 2016. ¿Cómo hablan los paraguayos con dos lenguas?: gramática del jopara. Asunción: CEADUC). Tokens of highly frequent native-origin verbs along with their broadly equivalent Spanish-origin loans were extracted from 40 interviews and were correlated with the senses of each verb. Results show that some Spanish verb loans replace its native-origin counterpart to convey only one of its senses, while the native-origin form remains the preferred form to convey the other senses. This specialized use also suggests that these semantically specialized Spanish verb loans are not code-switches but rather integrated lexical items in Guaraní.
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Reber, Vera Blinn. "Comment On “The Paraguayan Rosetta Stone”." Latin American Research Review 37, no. 3 (2002): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100024493.
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Gómez, Pablo Sebastián. "Remesas internacionales sur-sur y norte-sur en Paraguay: patrones sociodemográficos, destino de los fondos y medios de circulación / International South-South and North-South Remittances in Paraguay: Sociodemographic Patterns, Use of Funds and Means of Ci." Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/edu.v31i1.1506.
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El análisis de las remesas internacionales en los países receptores es un tema ampliamente debatido en la literatura especializada. Sin embargo, en las diferentes perspectivas analíticas y metodológicas no hay consenso sobre la dirección, magnitud e implicancias de estos procesos. Este artículo examina evidencia empírica con base en microdatos de la encuesta permanente de hogares paraguaya. En primer lugar, se analizan de manera comparativa los patrones sociodemográficos de los hogares receptores del sur y del norte y de los no perceptores. En segundo lugar, se detallan los mecanismos de circulación y usos de las remesas internacionales en los diferentes circuitos migratorios. Los resultados obtenidos destacan las especificidades de los macro sistemas migratorios vinculados al sur y norte global. AbstractThe analysis of international remittances in recipient countries is a widely debated issue in the specialized literature. However, there is no consensus in the various analytical and methodological perspectives over the direction, scope or implications of these processes. This article examines empirical evidence based on microdata from the permanent survey on Paraguayan households. It begins by comparatively analyzing the sociodemographic patterns of receiving and non-receiving households in the south and north. It subsequently details the mechanisms of the movement and use of international remittances in the various migratory circuits. The results highlight the specificities of the macro migratory systems linked to the global north and south.
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Rojas Velazquez, Maria Natalia, Fabiola Blanco, Ana Ayala-Lugo, Lady Franco, Valerie Jolly, Denisse Di Tore, Idoia Martínez de Lapiscina, Marco Janner, Christa E. Flück, and Amit V. Pandey. "A Novel Mutation in the INSR Gene Causes Severe Insulin Resistance and Rabson–Mendenhall Syndrome in a Paraguayan Patient." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 6 (March 8, 2024): 3143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063143.
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Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome (RMS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe insulin resistance, resulting in early-onset diabetes mellitus. We report the first case of RMS in a Paraguayan patient. The patient is a 6-year-old girl who presented with hypertrichosis, acanthosis nigricans, nephrocalcinosis, and elevated levels of glucose and insulin that served as diagnostic indicators for RMS. Genetic testing by next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed two pathogenic variants in exons 2 and 19 of the INSR gene: c.332G>T (p.Gly111Val) and c.3485C>T (p.Ala1162Val), in combined heterozygosis. The novel INSR c. 332G>T variant leads to the substitution of glycine to valine at position 111 in the protein, and multiple in silico software programs predicted it as pathogenic. The c.3485C>T variant leads to the substitution of alanine to valine at position 1162 in the protein previously described for insulin resistance and RMS. The management of RMS is particularly challenging in children, and the use of metformin is often limited by its side effects. The patient was managed with nutritional measures due to the early age of onset. This report expands the knowledge of RMS to the Paraguayan population and adds a novel pathogenic variant to the existing literature.
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Iglesias Aparicio, Pilar. "Relevancia de las escritoras en la literatura paraguaya. Autoras que han obtenido el premio nacional de literatura entre 2011 y 2021." TSN. Transatlantic Studies Network, no. 15 (December 19, 2023): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/tsn.2023.vi15.18171.
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La literatura paraguaya, marcada por la historia, ha acusado retrasos importantes, en comparación con otros países latinoamericanos: el tardío desarrollo de la narrativa y la tardía incorporación de las mujeres. Sin embargo, sobre todo a partir de los años ochenta del siglo XX, encontramos una extensa y excelente producción literaria de autoría femenina, y podemos afirmar que feminista por su contenido y estilo. La literatura escrita por mujeres ha comenzado a obtener el merecido reconocimiento dentro del Paraguay, lo que se refleja en el hecho de que cinco de los seis últimos Premios Nacionales de Literatura (entre 2011 y 2021) hayan sido concedidos a mujeres: Renée Ferrer, Maybell Lebrón, Susy Delgado, Maribel Barreto y Susana Gertopán, representativas de los géneros y temáticas abordados por las escritoras paraguayas.
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Lipski, John M. "El habla de los afroparaguayos: un nuevo renglón de la identidad étnica." Lexis 33, no. 1 (April 3, 2009): 91–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/lexis.200901.004.
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El presente trabajo presenta un estudio etnolingüístico de tres comunidades afroparaguayas: Emboscada (fundada en el siglo XVIII por pardos libres) y Camba Cua y Laurelty (fundadas en el siglo XIX por soldados negros libres que llegaron con el general uruguayo José Gervasio Artigas). Los datosconfirman la existencia de configuraciones lingüísticas que establecen vínculos claros con otras comunidades de habla afrohispánicas, entre ellas el Valle del Chota (Ecuador), los Yungas (Bolivia), Sama-Las Yaras (Perú), el Chocó (Colombia) y Helvécia (Brasil). Entre las características claves sedestacan los plurales invariables y con una sola marca de plural (las persona, los militar), los verbos invariables para persona y número y la ausencia del género nominal femenino (loh mujere, algún comida). -- The present work offers an ethnolinguistic study of three Afro-Paraguayan communities: Emboscada (founded in the 18th century by free blacks), and Camba Cua and Laurelty (founded in the 19th century byfree black soldiers who arrived with the Uruguayan general José Gervasio Artigas). The data confirm the existence of linguistic structures that link Afro-Paraguayans with other Afro-descendent communities, such as the Chota Valley (Ecuador), the Yungas (Bolivia), Sama-Las Yaras (Peru), Chocó (Colombia), and Helvécia (Brazil). Among the principal traits are invariant plurals with a single plural marker (las persona, los militar), verbs invariant for person and number, and lack of feminine gender concord (loh mujere, algún comida).
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Benisz, Carla Daniela. "El escritor paraguayo y la tradición. Disputas en la postdictadura." Kamchatka. Revista de análisis cultural., no. 11 (July 28, 2018): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/kam.11.12226.
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El artículo presenta un episodio poco estudiado por la crítica literaria latinoamericana: la polémica entre los escritores paraguayos Augusto Roa Bastos y Carlos Villagra Marsal de 1989. Esta polémica permite abordar tanto aspectos de la literatura paraguaya contemporánea como de los debates intelectuales del campo intelectual paraguayo después de caída la dictadura de Alfredo Stroessner (1954-1989). La polémica despertó cuestiones éticas y personales que, finalmente, dominaron sus interpretaciones posteriores. Sin embargo, aquí trataré de presentarla, así sea sucintamente, desde los tres aspectos que esta polémica implica: el literario, el ético y el histórico.
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Noguera Zayas, Liz Paola, Simon Rüegg, and Paul Torgerson. "The burden of zoonoses in Paraguay: A systematic review." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 11 (November 2, 2021): e0009909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009909.
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Introduction Underestimation of zoonoses is exacerbated in low and middle-income countries due mainly to inequalities with serious consequences in healthcare. This is difficult to gauge and reduce the impact of those diseases. Our study focuses on Paraguay, where the livestock industry is one of the major components of the country’s economy. Therefore, the rationale of this study was to develop a case study in Paraguay to estimate the dual impact of zoonotic diseases on both the human health and animal health sector and thus determine the societal burden of such diseases. Methodology/Principal findings We conducted a systemic review (including a meta-analysis) to assess the burden of zoonoses in Paraguay, including official reports and grey literature of disease incidence and prevalence. We estimated the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Zoonosis Disability Adjusted Life Years (zDALYs) to measure the difference between the current health status and the desired health situation of animals and the Paraguayan population based on 50 zoonotic diseases suggested by the WHO (World Health Organization), OIE (World Organization for Animal Health) and the National Health in Paraguay. The total DALYs represent 19,384 (95% CI: from 15,805 to 29,733), and zDALYs, 62,178 (95% CI: from 48,696 to 77,188). According to the results, the priority pathogens for DALYs are E. coli, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania spp, and Toxoplasma gondii. When we include the additional animal health burden, the most important pathogens are Brucella spp, E. coli, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Fasciola hepatica for zDALYs. Conclusion/Significance This is the first study to integrate DALYs and zDALYs with important clues related to the health status of Paraguay. Through DALYs and zDALYs, our perspective becomes more complete because we consider not only human health but also animal health. This is important for setting priorities in disease control, especially in a society where livestock contribute significantly to the economy and to human well-being.
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Nieto, A. Madroño, and M. Pearman. "Distribution, status and taxonomy of the near-threatened Black-bodied Woodpecker Dryocopus schulzi." Bird Conservation International 2, no. 4 (December 1992): 253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270900002495.
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SummaryStudies of records of the Black-bodied Woodpecker Dryocopus schulzi through literature searches, communications with ornithologists, personal observations and data from museum specimens show that the distribution of the species is basically limited to xero-phytic chaco woodlands in western Paraguay, northern and central Argentina, and southern Bolivia. Its western limit is defined by the transition zone between the chaco and the semi-humid montane forest on the east Andean slopes of southern Bolivia and north-west Argentina; in the extreme south it extends into the dry deciduous woodlands n i the sierras of Córdoba and north-eastern San Luis. The taxonomic history of the species has been chequered; we present morphological and vocal differences from its closest relative that reaffirm its specific validity. It appears to have suffered an alarming decline over much of its former range in Argentina, and appears to survive only in two isolated population centres of significant importance, in Córdoba and adjacent San Luis and in the central part of the Paraguayan chaco. The main cause of its rarity is destruction of habitat for timber extraction and expansion of agriculture and cattle-raising.El estudio de registros del Carpintero Negro Dryocopus schulzi mediante revision biblio-gráfica, comunicaciones de ornitólogos, observaciones personales e información adjunta a especímenes en museos, muestra que la distribución de la especie básicamente se circunscribe al bosque chaqueño de carácter xerófilo del oeste de Paraguay, norte y centro de Argentina y sur de Bolivia. Su extremo occidental alcanza la zona de transición entre el chaco y los bosques semihúmedos montanos en las sierras orientales andinas del sur de Bolivia y del noroeste argentino; en el extremo sur se extiende hasta los bosques secos decíduos de las sierras cordobesas y del noreste de San Luis. La historia taxonómica de l a especie ha sido confusa; las diferencias morfológicas y vocales que aquí se presentan y comparan con su pariente más próximo reafirman su validez específica. Parece haber sufrido una disminución preocupante en la mayor parte de su distribución original en Argentina, y quedan aparentemente tan solo un par de núcleos poblacionales aislados de cierta importancia, en Córdoba y zona adyacente de San Luis y en la zona central del chaco paraguayo. La principal causa responsable de su rarefacción se debe a la destrucción del hábitat por la explotación de los recursos madereros y a la creciente expansión de la frontera agrícola y ganadera.
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De Barros, Claudia. "Neuromethogology and neuroimaging for a teacher training." Texto Livre 15 (September 21, 2022): e40454. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/1983-3652.2022.40454.
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Neuromethodology is a concept about which we hardly find information in scientific databases and specialized literature. Therefore, the general objective of the study presented is to analyze the relationship between teaching methodology, teaching neuromethodology, educational inclusion, technology and teacher training. The research design is non-experimental, descriptive, explanatory, correlational and regression. The sample used was, by convenience, taken from university teachers from Spanish, Brazilian, Colombian and Paraguayan universities, with a number of 815 participants. The research instrument was an ad hoc Likert scale questionnaire with excellent reliability (Cronbach's Alpha, .969), which was validated in content and construct through an exploratory factor analysis. Correlation analysis and automatic linear modeling provide a first conclusion showing that neuromethodology gives scientificity to the technologies used by the teacher, being fundamental for educational inclusion. The neuroimaging examples provide an idea of the research we are developing in neuromethodology.
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Pérez-Liñán, Aníbal. "A Two-Level Theory of Presidential Instability." Latin American Politics and Society 56, no. 01 (2014): 34–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2014.00220.x.
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AbstractThis article analyzes the conditions that facilitate the ousting of Latin American presidents and the mechanisms that prevent their downfall. Drawing lessons from the impeachment of Paraguayan president Fernando Lugo, it extends previous arguments about the “legislative shield” to show that the same forces that sometimes conspire to terminate an administration at other times work to resist its demise. The argument underscores the interaction between legislators and social movements, two prominent actors in the literature on presidential instability. The article presents a two-level theory to identify possible configurations of mass and legislative alignments, and tests some implications of the theory with data for 116 Latin American presidents over 28 years. Multiple comparison tests based on random effects logistic models show that popular protests can be neutralized by strong support in Congress, and hint at the possibility that legislative threats can be neutralized by loyal demonstrators in the streets.
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Kleinpenning, Jan M. G. "Strong Reservations about “New Insights into the Demographics of the Paraguayan War”." Latin American Research Review 37, no. 3 (2002): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002387910002450x.
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SMITH, PAUL. "The identity of Azara´s (1805) No. 246 Trepador remos y cola roxos (Aves: Furnariidae)." Zootaxa 4766, no. 4 (April 22, 2020): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4766.4.7.
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The identity of Azara’s No. 246 “Trepador remos y cola roxos” and the names Dendrocolaptes miniatus Illiger, 1820 and Dendrocopus rubricaudatus Vieillot, 1818, which are based on it, have never been convincingly elucidated, and previously proposed identifications in the literature are demonstrably incorrect. Azara shot his specimen in a Paraguayan forest and provided a detailed description and measurements of it in his Spanish text. These are sufficient to confirm the identity of the specimen and the names based on it as the Olive Spinetail, long known as Cranioleuca obsoleta (Reichenbach, 1853). Dendrocolaptes miniatus Illiger, 1820 and Dendrocopus rubricaudatus Vieillot, 1818 nevertheless have date priority over that name, but as they have not been used as valid since 1899 they are nomina oblita under Article 23.9.2 of the Code. Cranioleuca obsoleta has been in universal use for this species since Hellmayr (1925), so it qualifies as a nomen protectum under Article 23.9.2, and remains the valid name for the Olive Spinetail.
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FACHIN, DIEGO AGUILAR, MARCELA MARIA PARADA ZICHINELLI, and BOLÍVAR RAFAEL GARCETE BARRETT. "An illustrated checklist of Stratiomyidae (Diptera: Brachycera) from Paraguay, with three new synonyms and 22 new records of species for the country." Zootaxa 5190, no. 1 (September 27, 2022): 1–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.1.1.
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The Stratiomyidae (Diptera) of Paraguay is cataloged and illustrated, and information is given on distributions, name-bearing types, synonyms, and pertinent literature. Previously to this study, the fauna of soldier flies in the country comprised 18 genera and 29 species, which has been raised up to 35 genera and 63 species, of which only nine are assigned to morphospecies level. The list of species is based on the examination of the original descriptions of all nominal species, all other references known to us containing taxonomic and distributional information, and new material examined from various collections. Images of 45 species are herein provided, which include type specimen images of seven valid species, of which three are exclusively found in the country. One subfamily is newly reported from Paraguay: Chrysochlorininae. Fourteen genera are newly reported from Paraguay: Acanthinomyia Hunter, 1900; Archistratiomys Enderlein, 1913; Auloceromyia Lindner, 1969; Chrysochlorina James, 1939; Gowdeyana Curran, 1928; Hoplitimyia James, 1934; Leucoptilum James, 1943; Neoberis Lindner, 1949; Myxosargus Brauer, 1882; Nothomyia Loew, 1869; Panacris Gerstaecker, 1857; Promeranisa Walker, 1854; Psellidotus Rondani, 1863; and Raphiocera Macquart, 1834. Twenty-two species are newly reported from Paraguay: Acanthinomyia elongata (Wiedemann, 1824); Archistratiomys rufipalpis (Wiedemann, 1830); Auloceromyia pedunculata Pimentel & Pujol-Luz, 2000; Chordonota inermis (Wiedemann, 1830); Chrysochlorina albipes James, 1939; Chrysochlorina incompleta (Curran, 1929); Gowdeyana vitrisetosus (Lindner, 1935); Hermetia flavipes Wiedemann, 1830; Hermetia pulchra Wiedemann, 1830; Hermetia teevani Curran, 1934; Leucoptilum plaumanni James, 1943; Merosargus cingulatus Schiner, 1868; Merosargus coxalis Lindner, 1949; Merosargus golbachi James in James & McFadden, 1971; Merosargus nebulifer James in James & McFadden, 1971; Merosargus obscurus (Wiedemann, 1830); Merosargus stigmaticus (Lindner, 1949); Neoberis brasiliana Lindner, 1949; Panacris nigribasis Lindner, 1949; Promeranisa nasuta (Macquart, 1850); Raphiocera armata (Wiedemann, 1830); and Sargus thoracicus Macquart, 1834. Four species are removed from the Paraguayan fauna: Cyphomyia albitarsis (Fabricius, 1805), Euryneura pygmaea (Bellardi, 1862), and Nemotelus niger Bigot, 1879 have no specimens known from Paraguay, so the inclusion of Paraguay in their distribution is a typing error; and Nemotelus eburneopictus James (1974) has its type locality corrected to Argentina. The examination of the material allows the proposition of three specific synonyms: Cyphomyia imitans Curran, 1925 syn. nov. of C. gracilicornis Gerstaecker, 1857, Panacris breviseta Lindner, 1964 syn. nov. of P. nigribasis Lindner, 1949, and Dicranophora brevifurca James, 1943 syn. nov. of Dicamptocrana jorgenseni Frey, 1934 (this species is newly recorded to Brazil, state of São Paulo), after removing D. brevifurca out of synonymy with Dicranophora bispinosa (Wiedemann, 1830). Additionally, a female lectotype is designated for Rhingiopsis enderleini Lindner, 1928.
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David, Martinez, Diah Susanti, and Meng Huy Teang. "ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF THE PARAGUAYAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM´S MANAGEMENT BASED ON CAPACITIES FOR THE SECONDARY LEVEL. A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY WITH THE CURRICULUM OF QUEBEC." INSECTA: Integrative Science Education and Teaching Activity Journal 3, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/insecta.v3i1.3859.
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This study seeks to generate knowledge and scientific result based on a comparative case study of Canadian (Quebec) educational management for the improvement of the education quality in Paraguay. Also, this research will provide a basis for future studies that can aim at raising the quality of work with other countries to face educational projects in a short, medium and long term. It will provide data to the Government staff for making future decisions. This study is designed with respect to the qualitative research method, the theoretical research and comparative case study. The responses of the interview are essential to compare with the literature review and then make conclusions. These conclusions aim to show the possibility of implementing new strategies of educational management in Paraguay. In order to collect data two professionals in the field of education system from Paraguay and Canada (province of Quebec) will participate in this study by giving their knowledge, opinion and experiences applying a questionnaire. The overall finding of the study, based on these interviewee’s experiences and the literature review, indicates that the educational management based on capacities improvement has a positive impact on society in terms of inculcating new abilities, knowledge, and values among students to face real needs and issues of the real life. In this respect, this paper provides beneficial information explaining that teachers’ work, supported by an innovative, dynamic and participatory educational management, increases the quality of education of students
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Duncan Webb, Philip. "O legado cultural de Victorino Abente y Lago (1846-1935) no Paraguai: “o primeiro intérprete do sentimiento nacional”." Madrygal. Revista de Estudios Gallegos 23 (December 16, 2020): 349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/madr.73625.
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Primo carnal de Pondal e tío e sogro de Gonzalo López Abente, a importancia do poeta e xornalista Victorino Abente y Lago (1846-1935) non é menor que a dos seus parentes ilustres. Juan O’Leary, o gran ideólogo do nacionalismo paraguaio, nun artigo de 1923 cualificaría Abente y Lago como o “patriarca de nuestra poesía” e “el primer intérprete del sentimiento nacional”. A presente contribución pretende rescatar a memoria dun persoeiro –por diversos motivos esquecido tanto no Paraguai como na súa Galicia natal– que tivo un papel fundamental no desenvolvemento das letras paraguaias a finais do século XIX e principios do XX, e tamén na propia formación teórica da nacionalidade paraguaia. Neste senso, a obra de Abente y Lago pode considerarse como unha proxección tanxible, aínda que non recoñecida, da cultura galega fóra e lonxe das fronteiras de Galicia. A análise organízase en tres seccións nas que se deliñan primeiro os antecedentes historiográficos detrás do presente estudo, os trazos da vida do poeta e o contexto histórico paraguaio, e en segundo lugar os contidos e os significados da súa composición máis coñecida, La Sibila paraguaya (1886), máis o seu acollemento por parte dos contemporáneos de Abente. Finalmente, na terceira sección falaremos da influencia posterior desta obra sobre a literatura e o pensamento paraguaios a principios do século XX.
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Ipsen, W. "Kraay, Hendrik and Thomas L. Whigham, eds. I Die with My Country: Perspectives on the Paraguayan War, 1864-1870. Lincoln & London: University of Nebraska Press, 2004." Luso-Brazilian Review 43, no. 1 (June 1, 2006): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lbr.2006.0033.
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Smith, Rebecca L., Emily Briggs, and Paul Smith. "Unusual behavioral responses of the south american coati (<i>Nasua nasua</i>) to the hooded capuchin (<i>Sapajus cay</i>) in the paraguayan upper Paraná Atlantic Forest." Neotropical Primates 26, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.62015/np.2020.v26.76.
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In eastern Paraguay, the South American coati Nasua nasua and hooded capuchin Sapajus cay are sympatric across most of their range. Both species are diurnal, arboreal, omnivorous mammals and have similar diets consisting of fleshy fruits and insects and are therefore potential competitors. In this article, we report three observations of unusual behavioral responses of coatis to the presence of hooded capuchins. On two occasions groups of coatis elected to show avoidance behavior by hiding from capuchin groups, despite the much closer proximity of human observers. On another occasion coatis and capuchins were seen to feed side by side in a fruit tree without antagonism for over half an hour. We also review the literature to begin the process of identifying the factors that may influence the frequency and outcome of such encounters.
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Lustig, Wolf. "Literatura paraguaya en guaraní." América sin nombre, no. 4 (December 15, 2002): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/amesn2002.4.10.
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Sondrol, Paul C. "The Emerging New Politics of Liberalizing Paraguay: Sustained Civil-Military Control without Democracy." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 34, no. 2 (1992): 127–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166031.
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The Process of the transition from authoritarianism to more representative forms of government has become a major subject of the scholarship on Latin American politics today (O'Donnell, et al, 1986; Malloy and Seligson, 1987; Stepan, 1989; Diamond et al, 1988-1990; Lowenthal, 1991). Given this interest, as expressed by the growing literature in this area, little attention has been paid to the transition process now going on in Paraguay, which is now emerging from one of Latin America's most long-standing authoritarian regimes.A number of studies testify to the authoritarian nature of Paraguay's government and society. Johnson indicates that Paraguay ranked either 18th or 19th—out of 20 Latin American nations ... in 9 successive surveys of democratic development, carried out at 5-year intervals from 1945 to 1985 (Jonnson> 1988). A longitudinal study of press freedom found that Paraguay was invariably placed in the category of “poor,” or even “none,” between 1945-1975 (Hill and Hurley, 1980). When Palmer applied his 5 indicators of authoritarianism (nonelective rule, coups, primacy of the military, military rule, executive predominance) to the countries of Latin America, Paraguay consistently ranked first in its degree of authoritarianism (Palmer, 1977).
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Rovira Soler, José Carlos. "Revisiones de la literatura paraguaya." América sin nombre, no. 4 (December 15, 2002): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/amesn2002.4.01.
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Najman, Katarzyna, Rafał Rajewski, Anna Sadowska, Ewelina Hallmann, and Krzysztof Buczak. "Changes in the Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties of Yerba Mate Depending on the Brewing Conditions." Molecules 29, no. 11 (May 31, 2024): 2590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29112590.
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Yerba Mate drink made from dried and crushed leaves and twigs of Paraguayan holly (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), which is a valuable source of bioactive substances, in particular antioxidants. The available literature lacks data on changes in the content and profile of bioactive compounds such as tannins, caffeine, the phenolic acid profile of flavonoids and carotenoids, as well as total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity in Yerba Mate infusions depending on different brewing conditions, and how different brewing conditions affect the physicochemical properties of these infusions. Therefore, this study evaluated the physicochemical properties of dried and Yerba Mate infusions prepared via single and double brewing processes at 70 °C and 100 °C. The organoleptic evaluation, as well as the instrumental color measurement, showed significant changes in the total color difference (ΔE) and the L*a*b* chromatic coordinates of dried Yerba Mate samples and their infusions. Moreover, the research showed higher contents of tannins (mean 1.36 ± 0.14 g/100 g d.m.), caffeine (mean 17.79 ± 3.49 mg/g d.m.), carotenoids (mean 12.90 ± 0.44 μg/g d.m.), phenolic acids (mean 69.97 ± 7.10 mg/g d.m.), flavonoids (mean 5.47 ± 1.78 mg/g d.m.), total polyphenols (mean 55.26 ± 8.51 mg GAE/g d.m.), and antioxidant activity (mean 2031.98 ± 146.47 μM TEAC/g d.m.) in single-brewed Yerba Mate infusions compared to double-brewed (0.77 ± 0.12 g/100 g d.m., 14.28 ± 5.80 mg/g d.m., 12.67 ± 0.62 μg/g d.m., 57.75 ± 8.73 mg/g d.m., 3.64 ± 0.76 mg/g d.m., 33.44 ± 6.48 mg GAE/g d.m. and 1683.09 ± 155.34 μM TEAC/g d.m., respectively). In addition, infusions prepared at a lower temperature (70 °C) were characterized by a higher content of total polyphenols and higher antioxidant activity, in contrast to the tannin and carotenoid contents, the levels of which were higher at 100 °C than at 70 °C. Considering the high amount of bioactive ingredients, in particular antioxidants, and a wide range of health benefits, it is worth including Yerba Mate in the daily diet.
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Pereira Rodrigues, Daiane. "Pensamiento social latinoamericano: Josefina Plá y Gilberto Freyre." Revista Científica Estudios e Investigaciones 8 (December 30, 2019): 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.26885/rcei.foro.2019.199.
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Josefina Plá es una de las principales exponentes de la crítica histórica y social del Paraguay en el siglo XX, fue la pionera en estudios como el de la afrodescendencia en el país, así como la que inaugura la crítica de arte contemporánea. Fue la primera mujer a desempeñarse como periodista, y, además, escribió sobre la literatura y manifestaciones culturales de Brasil, estudios en los que plasma su visión social desde la consideración de los orígenes étnicos de la región. Esos estudios fueron recuperados por Daiane Pereira durante su investigación de maestría y suman veinticinco textos sobre literatura brasileña publicados en el diario La Tribuna entre 1952 y 1953 y permanecen inéditos en forma de libro. En esta comunicación nos centraremos en la reseña que Josefina hace de la obra de Gilberto Freyre, ya que esta es un importante objeto de estudios para verificar los criterios e ideas principales de la autora hispano paraguaya al pensar el mestizaje, la otredad y la formación de identidad, ideas fundamentales del pensamiento social latinoamericano. Se considera que la visión de Plá sobre la modernidad brasileña es fundamental para entender su protagonismo en los grupos Arte Nuevo y Vy’a Raity, que impulsaron la modernidad artística y literaria en Paraguay.
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Acevedo, Raúl. "Rafael Barrett y la literatura menor: reflexiones deleuze-guattarianas a la luz de las problemáticas del novecentismo paraguayo." Revista Estudios Paraguayos 2, no. 49 (December 2021): 161–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.47133/respy339022105.
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Iniciador de la literatura social anti-colonial en América Latina y una corriente de pensamiento de base anarquista. La figura de Barrett aparece con chispazos de lucidez en una época donde los nuevos fascismos y nacionalismos van ganando terreno cada día. Es así que la importancia de las reflexiones barrettianas radica en que excede a los análisis de su época con relación a las luchas contemporáneas de carácter político y social y las nuevas subjetividades que no tenían importancia en un momento histórico en Paraguay. Por ello, el presente trabajo busca examinar la obra barrettiana en contraposición a las posturas dominantes del novecentismo paraguayo, a la luz de la noción de “literatura menor” y el tratamiento de lo “minoritario” y “mayoritario” de la lengua, propuestos por Gilles Deleuze y Félix Guattari.
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Foster, David William, Teresa Méndez-Faith, and Teresa Méndez-Faith. "Breve diccionario de la literatura paraguaya." Chasqui 24, no. 1 (1995): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/29741188.
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Peiró Barco, José Vicente. "Literatura paraguaya actual: poesía y teatro." América sin nombre, no. 4 (December 15, 2002): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/amesn2002.4.13.
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Cabrera, Damián. "Literatura Paraguay/guaraní - transversalidades." Revista Estudos Culturais, no. 3 (August 29, 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2446-7693i3p1-13.
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Passando por trabalhos compilatórios dos escritores paraguaios Augusto Roa Bastos e Rubén Bareiro Saguier, e a partir de discursos literários e não literários, analisa-se a ambiguidade fundada na palavra guarani; que designa, indistintamente, uma língua, uma cultura, uma etnia; e que, por metonímia, constitui-se em apelido-gentílico dos paraguaios. Relações entre literatura paraguaia e literatura Guarani são exploradas, desde a perspectiva dos autores citados; tanto conhecedores e divulgadores da mesma, como dois dos poucos paraguaios capazes de ultrapassar um cerco de isolamento cultural graças, em parte, ao exílio político; sob a luz de uma tradição crítica latino-americana hispanizante que, enquanto invisibiliza a literatura paraguaia, contribui com uma mistificação dela, fundada em sua peculiaridade linguística, seja ela real ou inventada.
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Campos de Ríos, Teresa De Jesús, Hilda Cáceres Ramírez, and Hilda Cáceres Ramírez. "Perfil de salida de los alumnos/as del 9º grado de dos modalidades educativas: Convencional y Escuela del Futuro en el área de Lengua y Literatura Castellana de la Escuela Básica Nº 450 “Capitán Juan Alberto Roa”, de Coronel Oviedo, departamento Caaguazú en los años 2007-2008." Revista Científica Estudios e Investigaciones 8 (January 9, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26885/rcei.foro.2019.37.
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Se analiza el perfil de salida de los estudiantes del 9º grado del tercer ciclo de la Educación Escolar Básica de dos modalidades educativas, con el propósito de recabar información relevante que sirva de sustento para delinear acciones que lleven a lograr los objetivos generales de la Educación Paraguaya y alcanzar el perfil de salida esperado para el tercer ciclo.Se presenta una investigación basada en el análisis y la comparación realizada a partir de la evaluación aplicada a los estratos de alumnos, con el fin de determinar el nivel de alcance de los perfiles de salida de ambas modalidades educativas del sistema educativo paraguayo y se caracterizan las modalidades que se llevan adelante en esta institución y se da a conocer las ventajas y desventajas de cada una con relación al resultado esperado.
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NERI FARINA, Bernardo. "Literatura paraguaya: un grito en voz baja." Caravelle, no. 114 (September 20, 2020): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/caravelle.8186.
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Barzotto, Leoné Astride. "O pensamento liminar como uma resposta à colonialidade do poder em La mano en la tierra, de Josefina Plá." Caligrama: Revista de Estudos Românicos 24, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2238-3824.24.1.65-85.
Full textAbstract:
Resumo: Este artigo tem a intenção de fazer um estudo da literatura latino-americana pela perspectiva pós-colonial como representação de uma dada realidade, para demonstrar que o conceito de “Pensamento Liminar” (MIGNOLO, 2003) é uma resposta potencial do Hemisfério Sul às novas investidas de domínio percebidas pela descrição do conceito de “Colonialidade do Poder” (QUIJANO, 2005), advindas do Hemisfério Norte. Neste contexto, analisarei ambos os conceitos e as estratégias pós-coloniais pertinentes à esta análise, adentrando o conto La mano en la tierra (2002), da escritora Josefina Plá, a fim de averiguar o papel da mulher local, neste caso Ursula, uma indígena Guarani paraguaia, e sua relevância na narrativa e nas questões de gênero que implicam parcela deste estudo.Palavras-chave: pensamento liminar; colonialidade do poder; pós-colonialismo; literatura latino-americana; gênero.Abstract: This paper aims to develop a study on the Latin American Literature through the post-colonial perspective as a representation of a certain reality, to demonstrate that the concept of “Border Thinking” (MIGNOLO, 2003) is a potential answer from the South Hemisphere towards the new control quests which are perceived through the concept of “Coloniality of Power” (QUIJANO, 2005), from the North Hemisphere. Within this context, I will analyze both concepts and also the post-colonial strategies that connect to it, investing in the short story La mano en la tierra (2002), written by Josefina Plá, to investigate the role of the local woman, in this case Ursula, a Guarani indigenous lady from Paraguay, and her relevance in the narrative as well as in the gender debate which implies part of this study.Keywords: border thinking; coloniality of power; post colonialism; Latin American literature; gender.
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De Egea Ortiz, Adriana, Gloria Céspedes, and Juana De Egea. "Distribución y análisis de conservación de cuatro especies de plantas endémicas presentes en Paraguay." Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay 29, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 85–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.32480/rscp.2024.29.1.85.
Full textAbstract:
Se analizó la distribución y el estado de conservación de cuatro especies endémicas presentes en la flora paraguaya; Baccharis illinitoides, Casimirella guaranitica, Neltuma rojasiana y Piptadeniopsis lomentifera. La metodología incluyó la recopilación de toda la información disponible en herbarios nacionales y extranjeros, en la literatura y en la base de datos GBIF; la determinación taxonómica de ejemplares, y; la generación de una base de datos con información ecológica y coordenadas geográficas. Se elaboraron mapas de distribución y con la aplicación de la herramienta GeoCAT se realizó el análisis del estado de conservación de cada especie según el Criterio B de UICN. Los resultados mostraron que B. illinitoides y C. guaranitica son especies estrictamente endémicas del territorio paraguayo, mientras que N. rojasiana y P. lomentifera constituyen endemismos de la Ecorregión Chaco Seco, perteneciente al Gran Chaco Americano. Las cuatro especies enfrentan, como principal amenaza, el cambio de uso de los suelos con fines de desarrollo.
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Ferreira, Sebastián Vargas, Eduardo Aguayo Ruíz Díaz, and Leticia González Kunert. "Corruption: Review, social dimension of corruption and legal efforts in Paraguay." Internacional Multidisciplinary Journal of the Brazil 3, no. 1 (May 8, 2020): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46343/imjbr.v3i1.16.
Full textAbstract:
The present work is a revision of corruption and the social effects it has on culture, poverty, gender and social organizations, interpreting these instances as integrative for the understanding of corruption as a phenomenon. Furthermore, the present work analyses the legal context of corruption in Paraguay. To address this, a literature review of current and topical research was carry it out, contextualizing the problem from a regional South American perspective and relating it to the efforts of the Paraguayan state with a focus on social corruption as described by various experts on the matter. In terms of the latter, the revision of the legal context of corruption in Paraguay creates an overview of the phenomenon, thus not only identifying the principal institutions, but also exposing their institutional evolution and the changes they represent in reality.
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Until the 1970s, Paraguay's eastern frontier was known primarily for its vast virgin forests and its domination by semifeudal enterprises engaged in extracting yerba maté and timber. After the 1970s, however, the extension of transportation networks, construction of the massive binational Itaipú hydroelectric works, and the release of state lands for private purchase paved the way for large-scale in-migration, settlement, and transformation of the region into a zone for commercial agriculture. In less than two decades, the rapid expansion of soybean production into this area has catapulted Paraguay into the ranks of the world's major exporters of soybeans.