Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Paralisia facial'
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Barreira, João Albuquerque Coelho Seabra. "Paralisia facial periférica: impacto na qualidade de vida." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/749.
Full textINTRODUCTION The peripheral facial paralysis (PFP), generally presents a benign prognosis, but should not be undervalued, because it can cause serious psychological and social sequelae. Facial nerve dysfunction classification scales only assess the physical manifestations of the PFP. However, the same degree of paralysis can have different impacts on the quality of life of each patient, since this involves a personal valorization. Worldwide, almost no studies on the impact of PFP on quality of life are known, in addition to some post-surgical studies. OBJECTIVE Assess at the time of conducting the study, the facial function of patients treated at the Hospital Sousa Martins between 2006 to 2008 as well as the impact of sequelae on quality of life. Try to find predictors for social function. METHODS We conducted a retrospective and prospective study. The Facial Clinimetric Evaluation (FaCE) questionnaire was administered by telephone interview to all participants in the study. We chose the social function score (SFS) as the most relevant for our work. Patients were categorized as recovered (R) and not recovered (NR) and the two groups were compared. Within the NR comparative analysis of subgroups was performed according to age, sex, and recovery time. The SFS was related to age and to other questionnaire scores evaluated by the FaCE questionnaire. RESULTS/DISCUSSION A total of 70 questionnaires were returned (response rate 77.8%). Thirty-eight participants (54%) considered themselves completely recovered (R) and 32 (46%) believed that were not (NR). The NR group had a significantly lower social function compared to the R group (p <0.05). Within the NR subgroups, no statistically significant differences in age, sex and length of recovery was found (p <0.05). The age was not significantly related to the SFS (p <0.05). Except for the lacrimal control score, all scores were significantly related to the SFS (p <0.05) but none showed a strong correlation. CONCLUSION It is important that the issues that concern the quality of life are addressed in medical consultation to facilitate a greater well-being of the patient and hence the chance of recovery. Studies increasingly point out the fact that patients impact on quality of life is not proportional to the severity of their PF and cannot be predicted by gender, age and time of recovery. All patients with PFP are in psycho-social risk and therefore it should always be evaluated, so measures may be taken to minimize its consequences and thus maximize the clinical and functional recovery.
Domingos, Mauricio de Maio. ""O uso da toxina botulínica em doentes com hipercinesia muscular facial contralateral à paralisia facial"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-17082006-104941/.
Full textThe treatment of facial paralysis aims to recover symmetry in both static and dynamic states, seriously affected by the contralateral hyperkinesis. Botulinum toxin may be used to reduce facial asymmetries. Eighteen patients were injected with 112.5 U (0.9 ml) Dysport (Botulinum toxin type A) distributed evenly in the perioral muscles. The quantitative analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in the hyperkinesis for 180 days. Improvement in appearance and satisfaction were found in most of the cases. Adverse events were short-lived (first 15 days) and related to mild difficulty to drink (9/18) and chewing (3/18). Injection of Botulinum toxin was effective in reducing muscular hyperkinesis in the hemiface opposite that affected by facial paralysis and patients were very satisfied with the treatment
Merabet, Mehdi. "Abordagem terapêutica em reabilitação da paralisia facial periférica: revisão da literatura." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/6729.
Full textIntrodução: A paralisia facial periférica (PFP) é uma patologia dos músculos da face mais frequentemente encontrada pelos fisioterapeutas. Para além da perda motora dos músculos faciais, a assimetria facial leva a uma alteração psicológica, com perda da autoestima, autoconfiança, alteração da personalidade e preconceito estético. Objetivo: Analisar as diferentes intervenções terapêuticas na reabilitação de pacientes com PFP. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados, Pubmed e PEDro, com as palavras de pesquisa paralisia facial, paralisia de Bell e fisioterapia cumprindo os critérios de seleção. Resultados: Foram incluídos nesta revisão 7 estudos randomizados controlados e ensaios clínicos com qualidade metodológica de 5,2/10 na escala de PEDro. Os estudos abordam a diferentes intervenções terapêuticas tais como agentes físicos, técnicas orientais e exercícios terapêuticos. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que os diferentes programas de intervenção terapêutica em pacientes com PFP foram eficazes, sendo que o laser de alta intensidade, a electroacupunctura/acupunctura e exercícios neuromuscular mostraram os resultados mais significativos.
Introduction: Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) is a facial muscle pathology most frequently encountered by physiotherapists. In addition to the motor loss of the facial muscles, facial asymmetry leads to a psychological change, with loss of self-esteem, self-confidence, personality change and aesthetic prejudice. Objective: Analyse the different therapeutic interventions in the rehabilitation of patients with PFP. Methods: A research was carried out in the databases, Pubmed and PEDro, with the words search facial palsy, Bell's palsy and physiotherapy, fulfilling the selection criteria. Results: We included 7 randomized controlled trials and clinical trials with methodological quality of 5.2/10 on the PEDro scale. The studies address different therapeutic interventions such as physical agents, oriental techniques and therapeutic exercises. Conclusion: It was concluded that the different therapeutic intervention programs in patients with PFP were effective, and the high intensity laser, electropuncture/acupuncture and neuromuscular exercises showed the most significant results.
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Wenceslau, Lais Garcia Capel. "Eletromiografia de superfície e avaliação clínica da mímica facial em pacientes com paralisia facial periférica idiopática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-06082015-144731/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Idiopathic facial palsy presents a clinical variability of signs and symptoms, wich turns difficult to perform an objective and accurate assessment, and influences the prognosis. Surface electromyography is a noninvasive and painless test that allows the study of muscle electrical activity. The purpose of this study was to assess, through surface electromyography, the activity of the risorius and zygomaticus muscles, during the production of voluntary smiles and to compare these data between two groups of individuals with different onset times of peripheral facial palsy. METHODS: 140 adults divided into three groups: Group 1 - 35 individuals with Peripheral Facial Palsy onset time between 0 and 3 months; Group 2 - 35 individuals with Peripheral Facial Palsy onset time between 3 and 6 months; Control Group - 70 healthy controls. All of the participants were submitted to the following assessments: clinical protocol for the assessment of facial mimic and surface electromyography of the risorius and zygomaticus muscles. RESULTS: the results suggest that the groups of individuals with Peripheral Facial Palsy differed from the control group considering muscle activity during rest and during the production of voluntary smiles, regardless of the onset time of the disease. The groups with Peripheral Facial Palsy did not differ between themselves in any of the tested situations. The group with Peripheral Facial Palsy with longer onset time presented greater muscle activation asymmetry during the production of the voluntary smiles when compared to the other two groups. Muscle asymmetry was more evident when considering the results for the risorius muscle. CONCLUSION: A compatibilização da análise dos dados indica que a avaliação muscular da face por meio da eletromiografia de superfície é reprodutível e é capaz de diferenciar indivíduos com e sem comprometimento muscular
Carvalho, Adriana Rahal Rebouças de. "Preferência mastigatória em pacientes com paralisia facial periférica flácida de duração igual ou superior a seis meses: estudo clínico e eletromiográfico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-16042009-122031/.
Full textIntroduction: peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) usually affects the facial nerve in part or in whole on one side of the face. Most patients with PFP find it difficult to chew on the paralyzed side, especially due to compromised buccinator function. In addition, the sagging of the ipsilateral lip commissure tends to compromise lip competence. In spite of the importance of these associations, the literature on mastication difficulties in PFP patients is scarce, perhaps because the facial nerve has conventionally been considered to be responsible primarily for facial expression. Objective: to evaluate the impact of long-standing peripheral facial nerve paralysis upon mastication, regarding to clinical mastication preference besides clinical and electromyographic activity of the masseters. Method: the study included 27 male and female subjects aged 1669 years with permanent natural dentition and long-standing PFP. Patients answered questions on their mastication habits before and after onset of PFP and were submitted to clinical myofunctional examination and electromyographical tests of the masseters during clenching and habitual mastication. Results: according to the anamnesis, 77.8% claimed to prefer chewing on the unaffected side. Clinically, 70% presented a lateral preference in mastication. In the clinical evaluation, the buccinators and orbicularis oris activity differed significantly (p = 0.025) between the healthy and the paralyzed side. Only 22.2% of the patients presented increased thickness of the contralateral masseters. No statistical significant electromyographic difference was observed between the affected and unaffected masseters. Conclusion: in general, subjects with flaccid-stage PFP for 6 months or longer preferred to masticate on the unaffected side. No significant clinical or electromyographic differences were found between the affected and unaffected side masseter in this patient population
Rios, Maria Salete Franco 1964. "O impacto da paralisia facial periférica na imagem corporal dos sujeitos." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311347.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Introdução: A paralisia facial periférica altera drasticamente a experiência corporal e pode interferir na representação do corpo na mente, a imagem corporal. Objetivo: Investigar o impacto da paralisia facial periférica na imagem corporal dos sujeitos acometidos. Método: A amostra total foi constituída por 46 sujeitos, dos gêneros feminino e masculino, na faixa etária entre 19 e 64 anos, selecionada por conveniência e subdividida em dois grupos com 23 sujeitos em cada um deles. O histórico clínico de paralisia facial periférica determinou a inclusão no grupo estudo e a ausência, no grupo controle. A Escala House-Brackmann foi utilizada para a avaliação facial e a versão brasileira do Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination (BDDE) para a avaliação da imagem corporal. Resultados: Foram constatadas diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos. O grupo estudo obteve escores totais mais altos no BDDE (ANOVA, p<0,0001) e somente no grupo estudo ocorreu pontuação acima de 66 pontos, refletindo maior insatisfação com a aparência física e consequente sofrimento subjetivo. Sujeitos do grupo estudo localizaram sua preocupação com aparência nas sequelas deixadas pela paralisia na face: uma preocupação passível de ser observada e de caráter funcional. Maiores médias no grupo estudo evidenciou a valorização social da aparência física e a insatisfação com a própria aparência, resultando em sofrimento e modificação de comportamento com a ocorrência de sintomas negativos da imagem corporal: insatisfação corporal, prejuízo emocional e no funcionamento social, com diminuição da qualidade de vida dos sujeitos acometidos pela paralisia facial periférica. Conclusão: O estudo concluiu que a paralisia facial periférica provocou impacto negativo na imagem corporal. Descritores: paralisia facial, imagem corporal, qualidade de vida
Abstract: Introduction: Peripheral facial paralysis dramatically alters the body experience and can affect the body image. Objective: To investigate the impact of facial palsy in the body image. Method: The sample consisted of 46 subjects, the female and male genders, aged between 19 and 64 years, selected by convenience and subdivided into two groups with 23 subjects in each. The clinical history of facial palsy to the inclusion in the study group and the absence in the control group. The House-Brackmann Scale was used for facial assessment and the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination (BDDE) for the body image assessment. Results: Significant differences between groups were noted. The study group had higher total scores on BDDE (ANOVA, p <0.0001) and only occurred in the study group score above 66 points, reflecting greater dissatisfaction with physical appearance and consequent subjective distress. Subjects of the study group located its concern with appearance in the sequels by paralysis in the face: a countervailable worry of being observed and functional character. Highest averages in the study group demonstrated the social value of physical appearance and dissatisfaction with one's appearance, resulting in suffering and behavior modification with the occurrence of negative symptoms in body image: body dissatisfaction, emotional damage and social functioning, with decreased quality of life of individuals affected by facial paralysis. Conclusion: It was concluded that, in comparison of body image among subjects with and without clinical history of facial palsy, there were significant differences. Keywords: facial paralysis, body image, quality of life
Mestrado
Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação
Mestra em Saúde, Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação
Brambilla, Elisangela Jeronymo Stipp [UNESP]. "Dupla inervação muscular com neurorrafia término-lateral: estudo em ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100383.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Várias técnicas são utilizadas para o tratamento da paralisia facial, entre elas o enxerto de nervo transfacial e a transposição muscular. Estas técnicas foram associadas utilizando neurorrafia término-terminal (NTT) para tornar o músculo temporal duplamente inervado, porém, a secção de nervos saudáveis pode levar à atrofia ou enfraquecimento muscular. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram analisar a ocorrência da dupla inervação muscular através da neurorrafia término-lateral (NTL), avaliar a imediata inervação muscular através da NTL, evitando atrofia muscular e avaliar a ocorrência de degeneração Walleriana no segmento distal à NTL no nervo receptor. Foram utilizados 140 ratos Wistar divididos em sete grupos experimentais. O G1 foi o grupo controle de normalidade e o G2 o controle de desnervação. Em 80 ratos foi realizada a dupla inervação muscular (DIM) suturando o segmento proximal do nervo tibial (NT) na lateral intacta do nervo fibular comum (NFC). Estes ratos foram divididos em quatro grupos: G3 no qual os animais foram sacrificados após 120 dias; G4 onde 120 dias após a realização da DIM, o NFC foi seccionado proximal à NTL, estes animais foram sacrificados após 30 dias da secção; no G5 os animais foram sacrificados após 150 dias; no G6 120 dias após a realização da DIM, o NFC e o NT foram seccionados proximalmente à NTL e os animais foram sacrificados após 30 dias das secções; e no G7 o nervo fibular comum foi seccionado e, após 30 dias, o segmento proximal do NT foi suturado à lateral do coto distal do NFC e os animais foram sacrificados 120 dias após a NTL. Após realização dos testes da marcha e eletrofisiológico, os músculos tibiais craniais direitos (MTCD) foram removidos e pesados e os segmentos de nervo de interesse também foram coletados. Foram realizadas análises histomorfométricas das fibras do MTCD e fibras nervosas...
Among several techniques for facial palsy treatment, we have the transfacial nerve graft and the muscular transposition. Nowadays, these methods were associated using end–to–end neurorraphy (EEN). Even though the temporalis muscle became double innervated, the health nerve section possibly leads the muscular atrophy or even its weakness. The aim of this study was to analyze, through end-to-side neurorrhaphy (ESN), the double innervation of the muscle, the immediately muscular innervation and also evaluate the Wallerian degeneration occurrence in the distal segment of receptor nerve. One hundred forty Wistar rats were divided in seven experimental groups, 20 animals per group. The G1 was the sham group; G2 the control dennervation group. In 80 rats the double muscular innervations (DMI) was performed, the proximal segment of tibial nerve (TN) was sutured laterally to the intact peroneal nerve (PN). These 80 rats were divided in four groups: in G3 the animals were killed after 120 days; in G4, post 120 days, the peroneal nerve was cut proximal the ESN and after more 30 days the animals were killed; in the group G5 the rats were killed after 150 days; in G6 post 120 days, the peroneal and also the tibial nerves were cut proximal to the ESN and the animals were killed 30 days after the second surgery. Finally in the G7 the fibular nerve was sectioned and after 30 days, the proximal end of tibial nerve was sutured laterally to the peroneal distal stump. These rats (G7) were killed 120 days post ESN. The animals were submitted to walking track analysis and electrophysiological tests. After that, the right tibial cranial muscle (RTCM) was removed and the aim nerve segments were collected and weighted. The rats were killed with high doses of intraperitoneal sodium pentobarbital. Histomorphometrical analysis of TCM and nervous fiber was performed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Silva, Mabile Francine Ferreira. "Conteúdos psíquicos e efeitos sociais associados à paralisia facial periférica: abordagem fonoaudiológica." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11890.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Introduction: The peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) is due to reduction or interruption of axonal transport of the seventh cranial nerve resulting in complete or partial paralysis of the facial movements. The facial deformity and limitation of movement, rather than harming the aesthetics and functionality, may significantly interfere in interpersonal communication (VALENÇA et al., 1999; ADAMS, 1998). This deprivation in facially express emotions can cause a variety of psychological and social problems such as depression, anxiety and isolation. (FOUQUET, 2000; DIELS and COMBS, 1997). Purpose: To investigate the psychic contents and social effects associated with the PFP in adult subjects, performing a comparative analysis on three groups of subjects with PFP: flaccid phases, of recovery and latent. The results were used to prepare a roadmap for speech therapy evaluation of these aspects. Method: Clinical researche quantitative and qualitative. Casuistic: Sitiuation 1 16 adult subjects, of both sexes, aged from 43 to 88 years, with the PFP. Situation 2 - Clinical case study of a female patient 52 years, with the PFP facility for 18 years, diagnosed with unknown and currently has sequels. Procedure: Situation 1 - Open interviews with the subjects from the trigger question was: What were the consequences of the peripheral facial paralysis in your social and emotional life? The material was recorded on audio and video, literally transcribed, organized according to categorical analysis proposed by Bardin (2002) and submitted the frequency descriptive statistics and percentages of occurrence of each psychic content and social effects. Some subjects answered to more than one category. Situation 2 Speech therapy from March 2010 to July 2010 with the description of the procedures such as Facial Condition Assessment, treatment and content myofunctional psychological and social effects involved in this condition. Results and Discussion: The results indicated that compared the subjects with sequels have higher statistical significance of psychic contents and social effects associated with the PFP. Followed, respectively, which are flaccid phases and the recovery. The results suggest that the speech therapist, in addition to performing functional and esthetic of the subject affected by the PFP, listener need for psychological and social aspects involved in this clinical picture in order to assess and seek to reduce the degree of psychological distress and promote social adaptation for these patients. The development of a roadmap with psychological and social s indicators aspects facilitate the access of professionals to these contents. Conclusion: The biopsychosocial approach of patients affected by the PFP revealed broad and significant range of subjective contents that justify further studies that may contribute to the effectiveness of the clinical method in speech therapy of this clinical approach
Introdução: A paralisia facial periférica (PFP) decorre da redução ou interrupção do transporte axonal ao sétimo nervo craniano resultando em paralisia completa ou parcial da mímica facial. A deformidade facial e a limitação de movimentos, mais do que prejudicar a estética e a funcionalidade, podem interferir significativamente na comunicação interpessoal (VALENÇA e cols., 1999; ADAMS, 1998). Essa privação em expressar facialmente as emoções pode acarretar uma variedade de problemas psíquicos e sociais, como depressão, ansiedade e isolamento. (FOUQUET, 2000; DIELS e COMBS, 1997). Objetivo: Investigar os conteúdos psíquicos e os efeitos sociais associados à PFP em sujeitos adultos, realizando uma análise comparativa em três grupos de sujeitos com PFP: nas fases flácida, de recuperação e sequelar. Os resultados obtidos foram utilizados para a elaboração de um roteiro de avaliação fonoaudiológica desses aspectos. Método: Pesquisa de natureza clínica quanti-qualitativa. Casuística: Situação 1 - 16 sujeitos adultos, ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 43 a 88 anos, com PFP. Situação 2 - Estudo de caso clínico de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 52 anos, com instalação da PFP há 18 anos, com diagnóstico desconhecido e que atualmente apresenta sequelas. Procedimento: Situação 1 - Entrevistas abertas com os sujeitos, a partir da seguinte questão disparadora: Quais foram as consequências da paralisia facial periférica na sua vida social e emocional? . O material foi gravado em áudio e vídeo, transcrito literalmente, sistematizado de acordo com a Análise Categorial proposta por Bardin (2002) e submetidos as frequências estatística descritiva e porcentagens de ocorrência de cada conteúdo psíquico e efeitos sociais. Alguns sujeitos responderam para mais de uma categoria. Situação 2 Terapia fonoaudiológica no período de março de 2010 à julho de 2010 com a descrição dos procedimentos, como Avaliação da Condição Facial, terapêutica miofuncional e conteúdos psíquicos e sociais implicados nessa condição. Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados indicaram que, comparativamente, os sujeitos portadores de sequelas apresentam maior significância estatística de conteúdos psíquicos e efeitos sociais associados à PFP. Seguidos, respectivamente, dos que se encontram nas fases flácida e de recuperação. Os resultados sugerem que o fonoaudiólogo, além de realizar a reabilitação funcional e estética do sujeito acometido pela PFP, precisa ter escuta para aspectos psíquicos e sociais envolvidos nesse quadro clínico, de maneira a avaliar e buscar diminuir o grau de sofrimento psíquico e favorecer a adaptação social desses pacientes. A elaboração de um roteiro com indicadores dos aspectos psíquicos e sociais facilita o acesso dos profissionais a esses conteúdos. Conclusão: A abordagem biopsicosocial dos pacientes acometidos pela PFP revelou vasta, e significativa, gama de conteúdos subjetivos que justificam novos estudos que possam contribuir para a eficácia do método clínico fonoaudiológico na abordagem desse quadro clínico
Bernardes, Daniele Fontes Ferreira. "A contribuição da análise eletromiográfica de superfície para a definição da fase de evolução da paralisia facial periférica: fase flácida ou fase de seqüelas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-16062009-161313/.
Full textOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the electromyographic profile in the normal and the affected faces in cases of facial paralysis, in its two extremes of evolution; musculature without neural input and musculature after regeneration neural aberrant. METHODS: Subjects with peripheral facial paralysis unilateral of any etiology, with age ranging from 18 to 69 years, of both sexes, without a history of prior facial paralysis or without congenital facial lesions that would interfere with the contact of electrodes selected. Thirty-four subjects met the criteria. The control group was composed of 20 volunteers without history of facial paralysis, trauma or face craniofacial anomalies. The electromyographic assessment of the facial muscle was performed by means of a MIOTEC equipment with software MIOTOOL 400, 04 channels, low-pass filter, with disposable surface electrodes type: Ag-AgCI mini med Kendal. For the evaluation electromyographic were requested the following movements: lifting the forehead, closure of eyes, protrusion labial and labial retraction. In addition, Eletromyographic activities were recorded in other channels corresponding to the other groups during the primary activity in order to identify the presence of synkinesis, the activity of the lips during strong eye closure, the activity of the eyes during protrusion labial and the activity of eyes during labial retraction. The statistical analysis was performed usingsoftware Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version is Mac 16.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). The mean value of the RMS during 8 seconds of register (in V) was considered as the electromyographic activity of each segment of hemifaces evaluated (forehead, eye and lip) during each movement. The electromyographic index IEMG was obtained from the division of electromyographic activity (on) of the left side by the right side in the control group. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in all movements analyzed. The lip synkinesiss during the eye closure in all patients must be correctly identified (with 100% true positive and 0% false negative) using (a) the IEMG value of 1.62 as cutoff point. In order to detect synkinesis in the eye or eye synkinesis during lip protrusion the IEMG at the cutoff point is 1,79 with (a) 93.3% of sensivity and 95,9% of specificity . CONCLUSION: The pattern of electromyographic activity showed to be statistically different between the flaccid and the sequelae groups; the relationship between the two hemifaces is below normal levels in patients at the flaccid stage whereas in patients at the stage of sequelae it can either show normal values, above or below normal levels; the IEMG showed to be of high sensitivity and specificity in the identification of synkinesis
Sousa, Pedro Henrique Côrtes de. "Análise da utilização da prática mental na recuperação funcional de indivíduos com paralisia facial periférica." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/31717.
Full textTexto parcialmente liberado pelo autor. Conteúdo restrito: Capítulos 3. Materiais e Métodos, 4. Resultados e 5. Discussão.
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Introdução: A Paralisia Facial Periférica (PFP) uma alteração na função do nervo facial que acarretam comprometimentos funcionais, estéticos e psicológicos nos sujeitos acometidos por esta condição de saúde. A avaliação destes indivíduos é realizada por meio de escalas subjetivas e/ou avaliações objetivas que fornecem subsídio para uma proposta interventiva, tal como a Prática Mental (PM), técnica de treinamento com objetivo de aumentar a performance do indivíduo. Considerando a escassez de métodos de avaliação aplicados ao ambiente clínico e a falta de estudos sobre a influência da PM nesta condição, o presente estudo teve como objetivo inicial avaliar a confiabilidade do software Tracker para mensurar deslocamentos da mímica facial (MF) e como objetivo secundário analisar a influência da PM na reabilitação de indivíduos com PFP. Materiais e Métodos: Foram realizados um estudo transversal e um ensaio clínico não controlado. O estudo transversal foi realizado para avaliar a confiabilidade do software Tracker para mensurar deslocamentos durantes as MFs. Para este estudo foram recrutados indivíduos com e sem PFP os quais foram filmados realizando MF e tiveram os vídeos analisados por avaliadores independentes, para essa análise foi calculado o Índice de Correlação Intraclasse (ICC). Para o ensaio clínico não controlado foi realizado uma análise comparativa entre os momentos pré e pós intervenção nas medidas FGS, pela COPM, pela FDI e pelos deslocamentos faciais obtidos por meio do Tracker em indivíduos com PFP que foram submetidos a oito sessões de fisioterapia associada a PM. Resultados e Discussão: O software apresentou confiabilidade moderada e forte para avaliar deslocamentos das mímicas de fechar olhos e sorrir, não houve correlação para o movimento de fazer o bico, pois o software não foi capaz de mensurar os movimentos que ocorrem no plano ântero-posterior. Os indivíduos com PFP que finalizaram o protocolo de intervenção apresentaram melhora significativa na FGS, FDI, COPM e deslocamento da comissura labial afetada. Já para as escalas funcionais o grupo Controle do Movimento não apresentou diferença nas escalas, o grupo Facilitação e o grupo Relaxamento não apresentaram para a subescala de bem estar social da FDI. Este fato pode estar relacionado ao tamanho da amostra. Conclusão: O Tracker apresentou correlação forte e moderada para as mímicas de fechar os olhos e sorrir, podendo assim ser utilizado em ambiente clínico para mensurar estas mímicas. Já a PM demonstrou ser capaz de influenciar positivamente na recuperação funcional de indivíduos com PFP.
Introduction: Peripheral Facial Paralysis (PFP) is a alterations in facial nerve function that lead to functional, aesthetic and psychological impairment in the subjects affected by this health condition. The evaluation of these individuals is performed through subjective scales and/or objective assessments that provide support for an interventional proposal, such as the Mental Practice (PM), a training technique aimed at increasing the individual's performance. Considering the scarcity of evaluation methods applied to the clinical environment and the lack of studies on the influence of PM in this condition, the present study had as its initial objective to evaluate the reliability of the Tracker software to measure movements of the facial mime (MF) and as a secondary objective to analyze the influence of MP in the rehabilitation of individuals with PFP. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study and an uncontrolled clinical trial were conducted. The cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the reliability of the Tracker software to measure displacements during MF. For this study, individuals with and without PFP were recruited who were filmed doing MF and had the videos analyzed by independent evaluators. For this analysis the Intraclass Correlation Index (ICC) was calculated. For the uncontrolled clinical trial, a comparative analysis was performed between the pre and post intervention moments in of the FGS, COPM, FDI and the facial displacements obtained through Tracker in individuals with PFP who underwent eight sessions of physical therapy associated with PM. Results and Discussion: The software presented moderate and strong reliability to evaluate the movements of the mimics of close eyes and to smile, there was no correlation for the movement of the beak because the software was not able to measure the movements that occur in the anteroposterior plane . Individuals with PFP who completed the intervention protocol showed significant improvement in the FGS, FDI, COPM and displacement of the affected labial commissure. For the functional scales, the movement control group showed no difference in any scale, the Facilitation group and the Relaxation group did not present to the FDI social welfare subscale. This fact may be related to the size of the sample. Conclusion: The Tracker software presented a strong and moderate correlation for the mimics of closing the eyes and smiling, being able to be used in clinical environment to measure these mimics. PM has been shown to influence positively the functional recovery of individuals with PFP.
Rossi, Janaína De. "Frontoplastia não endoscópica, com mínimas incisões para elevação do supercílio, em portadores de paralisia facial periférica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-24062014-164116/.
Full textNew forehead lift techniques assisted by endoscopic visualization or not, have currently been used to reduce the traditional bi-coronal incision. However, the results of surgeries performed with minimal incisions are unknown, especially when given in cases of sequelae of peripheral facial paralysis (PFP). Therefore, the objective of this prospective study was to assess the efficacy of nonendoscopic forehead lift with minimal incisions in PFP patient brow suspension, 24 months after surgery. Study variables were the position of the eyebrow assessed in millimeters on digital photographs, by software developed for this purpose. Brow position after 12 month and also between 36 and 78 months was exploratory analyzed. Patient\'s satisfaction and improvement was verbally inquired after surgery \"are you satisfied or not\" and \"are you looking worst, the same, better or much better\". The sample was composed of 20 adult patients who suffered PFP over 12 month and remain with paralysis of the temporal branch and eyebrow ptosis. Patients underwent forehead lift performed by two incisions in the lateral hair bearing area measuring 2.5 cm each. When desired medial eyebrow fixation a Reverdin needle was used and an extra incision measuring 1 cm each was placed centrally on hair bearing. Frontal and temporal flap detachment was performed by subgaleal plane and the release of the arcus marginalis was blindly accomplished by external palpation, minding anatomic parameters. No patient exhibited permanent sensitive or motor neural lesion after this procedure. Eyebrow position in the post-operative periods was higher than pre-operative (p < 0,05) confirming brow lift efficacy 24 months after surgery. Al the patients declared satisfied and qualified themselves as looking \"better\" or \"much better\"
Teixeira, Lazaro Juliano [UNIFESP]. "A efetividade da fisioterapia para o tratamento da paralisia facial periférica idiopática: revisão sistemática Cochrane." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2008. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/24295.
Full textIntrodução: Paralisia de Bell (paralisia facial idiopática) é comumente tratada em serviços de fisioterapia através de vários recursos e estratégias fisioterapêuticas. Há muitas dúvidas sobre a eficácia e efetividade destes recursos. Objetivos: Avaliar a eficácia da fisioterapia para desfechos da paralisia de Bell. Estratégia de busca: Pesquisamos as seguintes bases de dados: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2007), MEDLINE (de janeiro de 1966 até fevereiro de 2008), EMBASE (janeiro de 1980 até fevereiro de 2008), LILACS (janeiro de 1982 até fevereiro de 2008), PEDro (de 1929 até fevereiro de 2008) e CINAHL (de janeiro de 1982 até fevereiro de 2008). Critérios de seleção: Selecionamos estudos clínicos randomizados e quase randomizados, envolvendo qualquer tipo de fisioterapia. Incluímos participantes de qualquer idade, com diagnóstico de paralisia de Bell, com todos os graus de gravidade. Os desfechos esperados foram: melhora incompleta após seis meses da randomização, sincinesia, lágrimas de crocodilo ou espasmos faciais após seis meses, melhora incompleta após um ano e efeitos adversos atribuídos ao tratamento. Coleta de dados e análise: Títulos e resumos dos trabalhos identificados nas buscas foram examinados. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos artigos levou em conta o método de randomização, a ocultação da alocação, o cegamento, as diferenças nos parâmetros iniciais dos grupos e seguimento. Os dados foram extraídos através de um formulário especialmente construído para este fim. Análise de subgrupos dos participantes foi feita com casos de maior e menor gravidade. Resultados: As buscas identificaram 45 artigos potencialmente relevantes. Seis estudos se encaixaram com os critérios de seleção. Três estudos avaliaram a eficácia da eletro-estimulação (294 participantes) e outros três avaliaram exercícios faciais (253 participantes). Nenhum grupo tratado obteve melhora mais significante que os grupos controle ou não tratados. Houve evidências limitadas de que a melhora iniciou mais precocemente em grupos que realizaram exercícios, e também foi mais rápida sem o uso de eletro-estimulação. Conclusões: Não há evidências de benefício ou risco de qualquer recurso fisioterapêutico para o tratamento da paralisia facial idiopática. A possibilidade de que exercícios faciais podem reduzir o tempo de melhora espontânea e as seqüelas, precisa ser confirmada através de bons estudos clínicos controlados.
Background: Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) is commonly treated by physical therapy services with various therapeutic strategies and devices. There are many questions about their efficacy and effectiveness. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of physical therapies on the outcome of Bell's palsy. Search strategy: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2007), MEDLINE (January 1966 to February 2008), EMBASE (January 1980 to February 2008), LILACS (January 1982 to February 2008), PEDro (from 1929 to February 2008), and CINAHL (January 1982 to February 2008). Selection criteria: We selected randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials involving any physical therapy. We included participants of any age with a diagnosis of Bell's palsy and all degrees of severity. The outcome measures were: incomplete recovery six months after randomisation, motor synkinesis, crocodile tears or facial spasm six months after onset, incomplete recovery after one year and adverse effects attributable to the intervention. Data collection and analysis: Titles and abstracts identified from the register were scrutinized. The assessment of methodological quality took into account secure method of randomisation, allocation concealment, observer blinding, patient blinding, differences at baseline of the experimental groups, and completeness of follow-up. Data were extracted using a specially constructed data extraction form. Separate subgroup analyses of participants with more and less severe disability were undertaken. Results: The search identified 45 potentially relevant articles. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Three trials studied the efficacy of electrostimulation (294 participants) and three exercises (253 participants). Neither treatment produced significantly more improvement than the control treatment or no treatment. There was limited evidence that improvement began earlier in the exercise group and recovery was more rapid without electrostimulation. Authors' conclusions: There is no evidence of significant benefit from any physical therapy for idiopathic facial paralysis. The possibility that facial exercise reduces time to recover and sequelae needs confirming with good quality RCTs.
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Veronezi, Rafaela Julia Batista 1978. "Analise tardia do grau de paralisia facial em pacientes operados de Schwannoma vestibular." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309756.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Introdução: A avaliação do grau de paralisia facial é parte importante do acompanhamento dos pacientes operados de schwannoma vestibular (SV), em virtude da morbidade física e social que acarreta. Sua reversibilidade é um questionamento persistente por parte do paciente e do neurocirurgião. Objetivos: Este estudo objetiva analisar o grau de paralisia facial em pacientes operados de SV e correlacionar o tamanho do tumor com a função facial na avaliação a longo prazo destes pacientes. Método: Estudo transversal com análise seriada de 20 pacientes com SV operados no HC/UNICAMP entre Janeiro de 1999 e Outubro de 2002, pela via retrosigmóide-transmeatal. A função do nervo facial foi avaliada através da Escala de House-Brackmann no pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato e pós-operatório tardio (mínimo de 18 meses). Os tumores foram classificados como pequenos (_.O em), médio (2.1-4.0 em) ou grande (_4.0 em). O teste t de Student foi aplicado para análise estatística. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes do estudo foi de 51 anos (variação de 17 a 77 anos), sendo 75% do sexo feminino. A média do tamanho do tumor foi de 3.38 em. O maior tempo de avaliação a longo prazo foi de 5 anos e 10 meses e o menor tempo foi de 1 ano e 7 meses (média de 3 anos e 10 meses). No pós-operatório imediato, 65% dos pacientes apresentaram graus variados de paralisia facial, sendo que 53% destes obtiveram melhora de pelo menos um grau de House-Brackmann na avaliação tardia. Os pacientes com melhora insatisfatória na avaliação final já apresentavam algum grau desta paralisia no período pré-operatório. Houve diferença significativa no resultado da função facial no pós-operatório tardio quando o tamanho do tumor foi considerado (p<0.05). Conclusões: A cirurgia do SV tem como uma das morbidades a paralisia facial, que pode ser definitiva ou temporária. A maioria dos pacientes (65%) apresentou melhora desta disfunção em um tempo médio de 3 anos e 10 meses. A análise do grau de paralisia facial em pacientes operados de SV permitiu o acompanhamento da evolução a longo prazo destes pacientes e a identificação do tamanho do tumor como fator associado ao prognóstico desfavorável no pós-operatório tardio
Abstract: Introduction: The evaluation of facial palsy is an important issue after vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery due to its physical and social morbidity. Its reversibility is a . persistent questioning on the part of the patient and the neurosurgeon. Objetives: This study aimed to evaluate facial palsy in patients undergoing VS resection and to correia te tumor size and facial function in a long-term follow-up. Method: Transversal study of 20 patients with VS operated in HCIUNICAMP between January 1999 and October 2002 by the retrosigmoid approach. Facial function was evaluated by House-Brackmann Scale before, immediate and 18 months or longer after surgery. Tumors were classified as small (::2.0 cm), medium (2.1-4.0 cm) or large (>4.0 cm). The Student t test was applied for statistic analysis. ResuIts: The mean age ofpatients was 51 years (range 17 to 77 years) and 75% of the cases were females. Mean tumor size was 3.3 8 cm. The longest time of postoperative evaluation was 3 years and 10 months and the shorter one was 1 Year and 7 months (mean time of3 years and 10 months). In the immediate postoperative evaluation, 65% ofpatients presented facial palsy of different grades. Improvement of facial nerve function (at least of one grade) occurred in 53% in the long-term follow-up. Patients with unsatisfactory improvement in the final evaluation had alreagy had some degree of this palsy preoperatively. There was a statistically significant difference in facial nerve outcome in the long-term follow-up when tumor size was considered (p<0,05). Conclusions: VS surgery has as morbidity the facial palsy that can be definitive or temporary. The majority of patients had improvement this disfunction in a mean time of3 years and 10 months after VS surgery (65%). Analysis ofthe grade offacial palsy allowed the accompaniment ofthe evolution of these patients and the identification of tumor size as factor associated with the postoperative unfavorable prognostic in the long-term follow-u
Mestrado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
Martins, Diogo Marilio. "Utilização de células mononucleares na regeneração de lesão aguda do VII par craniano: estudo experimental em ratos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4604.
Full textIntroduction: Peripheral facial paralysis has significant impact on patient’s life. Only Bell-s palsy is more common of the traumatic causes, whose prognosis is variable. End-to-end anastomosis is viable in very few cases. Mononuclear cells have shown good results in the peripheral nerves regeneration, although there are no studies of the seventh cranial nerve. Objectives: To study the functional recovery of facial nerve after acute injury with immediate repair using mononuclear cells in an experimental model. Material and Methods: Experimental, controlled, randomized and blind study. Sixteen Wistar rats were divided into two groups. It was performed a four millimeters resection of the facial nerve trunk and then interposed a silicone tube, filled with mononuclear cells in group 1 and vehicle in group 2. The animals were evaluated by functional test: observation of vibrissae movement, eye closure and vibrissae-eyes sum for 64 days. It was also performed macroscopic and histological examining at the end of the study. The groups were compared through the median, measured by the Mann-Whitney U-test. The significance level was 5%. Results: The DELTA (final value - initial value) for the vibrissae-eye sum was -0. 50 for group 1 and -1. 50 for group 2, showing a satisfactory functional recovery in both groups. The eye closure was an early improvement in mononuclear cells group, evidenced by the median between the second and third weeks. The area under the curve, which evidences the overall effect of the treatment, did not result in any statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: The two groups, mononuclear cells and control, had recovery of facial movements in functional test after acute injury of the VII cranial nerve in the period of 64 days, and the mononuclear cells group had an early improvement in the eye closure test.
Introdução: A paralisia facial periférica traz impacto significativo na vida dos pacientes. As causas traumáticas ficam atrás somente da Paralisia de Bell e têm prognóstico variável. Anastomoses término-terminais são viáveis em poucos casos. As células mononucleares têm mostrado bons resultados na regeneração de nervos periféricos, porém não existem estudos com o sétimo par craniano. Objetivos: Estudar a recuperação funcional do nervo facial após lesão aguda com reparação imediata utilizando células mononucleares em um modelo experimental. Material e Método: Estudo experimental, controlado, cegado e randomizado. Foram incluídos dezesseis ratos Wistar divididos em dois grupos. Foi realizada ressecção de quatro milímetros do tronco do nervo facial e, então, interposto um tubo de silicone, preenchido com células mononucleares no grupo 1 e com veículo gelificado no grupo 2. Os animais foram avaliados por teste funcional: análise do movimento das vibrissas, do fechamento da rima ocular e somatório vibrissas-olhos durante 64 dias. Também foi realizado exame macroscópico e histológico no final do estudo. A comparação dos grupos foi realizada por meio das medianas, avaliadas pelo teste U de Mann-Whitney. O nível de significância adotado foi 5%. Resultados: O DELTA (valor final – valor inicial) para o somatório vibrissas-olhos foi -0,50 para o grupo 1 e -1,50 para o grupo 2, mostrando uma recuperação funcional satisfatória em ambos os grupos, com uma melhora precoce no fechamento da rima ocular no grupo das células mononucleares evidenciada pelas medianas entre a segunda e terceira semanas. A área sob a curva, que evidencia o efeito global dos tratamentos, não resultou em diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. Conclusões: Os dois grupos, células mononucleares e controle, obtiveram recuperação da mímica facial no teste funcional após a lesão aguda do VII par craniano no período de 64 dias, sendo que o grupo que utilizou as células mononucleares apresentou recuperação mais precoce no critério fechamento da rima ocular.
Salles, Alessandra Grassi. "Avaliação do efeito da toxina botulínica no lado são em pacientes com paralisia facial de longa duração." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5158/tde-27082009-152705/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Long-standing facial paralysis presents with functional and aesthetic deficits, which are responsible for psychological disturbances and life quality impairment. Even after modern facial reanimation surgical techniques, the emotional movement and the symmetry of the hemifaces is only partially restablished. Botulinum toxin type A causes reversible flacid muscle paralysis, thus correcting imbalances among hypoactive agonists and relatively hyperactive antagonists. There are no standardized series in the literature with more than 10 facial paralysis patients treated with botulinum toxin injection in the non-paralysed side in the mouth area, with the objective of obtaining better dynamic facial symmetry. METHODS: This prospective study had the objective of evaluate, with 6 months follow-up, the effects of the adjuvant treatment using botulinum toxin in the healthy hemiface of 25 patients with long-standing facial paralysis, previously treated surgically. The methods of evaluation were a standardized clinical scale, the patients degree of satisfaction, the Physical Function and Social/well-being Function subscales of the Facial Disability Index and surface electromyography. Total botulinum toxin dose varied from 15 to 69 U, mean 37,9 ± 5,4 U. Sixteen patients presented adverse effects with mean duration time 14,1 ± 7,3 days, including difficulty in speaking, drinking, eating and adapting to the reduced smile. RESULTS: 1) There was significant reduction of facial asymmetry, of 48,4% at 1 month and of 16,8% at 6 months post-treatment. The better symmetry 1 month post-treatment was consequent to reduced movement on the non-paralysed side combined to better evaluation on the paralysed side. At 6 months, the non-paralysed side had similar grading than that of pre-treatment, showing absence of clinical effect of the toxin. At this time, the asymmetry reduction was due to significant increase in the evaluation of the paralysed side in relation to the pre-treatment. 2) Patients satisfaction with facial symmetry showed significant increase, 1 month and 6 months post-treatment. 3) The Physical Function Index increased, but not significantly. The Social/well-being Function Index showed significant increase at 6 months compared to pre-treatment. 4) There was significant decrease in the action potential of the non-paralysed side one month post-injection of the botulinum toxin. After 6 months, the value returned to baseline. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed treatment allowed, with minimally invasive technique, better facial symmetry at rest, evidenced by better mouth, nose and brow position, and on facial movement as a whole, especially when smiling, speaking or exposing teeth. Even after the loss of the clinical effect of the drug at 6 months, there was an 18% increase in the clinical evaluation of the paralysed side in relation to pre-treatment, and increase in the satisfaction and quality of life indexes.
Tessitore, Adriana. "Avaliação do angulo da comissura labial na reabilitação na parilia facial." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309908.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A Paralisia Facial (PF) tem sido progressivamente, objeto de estudo dos fonoaudiólogos que trabalham com motricidade e reabilitação orofacial. A terapia visa a reabilitação das funções orais - sucção, deglutição, mastigação, fala e expressividade facial. Na paralisia facial periférica (PFP), a diminuição dos movimentos faciais e seqüela estética resultantes podem ter repercussões emocionais importantes, além do déficit funcional. A reabilitação orofacial favorece a recuperação de movimentos e a adequação e/ou a adaptação das funções orofaciais e de expressividade, mediante atuação no tônus muscular. Entretanto, quantificar os resultados terapêuticos na tentativa de aferição do tônus muscular é tarefa difícil. O objetivo geral desta tese foi avaliar a mudança do ACL a partir de um protocolo específico aplicado em pacientes com paralisia facial periférica. Os objetivos específicos foram estudar a variação do ACL, entre o início e o final do tratamento de reabilitação e avalia a confiabilidade da variação desse ângulo como elemento quantificador da eficácia terapêutica. Foram estudados 20 pacientes com PFP (grau IV), encaminhados para reabilitação orofacial do Ambulatório de Paralisia Facial do Hospital de Clínicas da Unicamp, num ensaio longitudinal prospectivo. A constatação da evolução funcional favorável baseou-se na melhora do tônus muscular com a reabilitação. A variação do tônus foi aferida mediante modificação no ACL. O estudo foi feito nas imagens da documentação fotográfica pré (após quinze dias de instalação da paralisia facial) e pós-tratamento de um ano. Para comprovação da eficácia da reabilitação, comparou-se o ACL pré e pós-reabilitação. O grupo estudado foi comparado a um grupo controle composto de nove sujeitos com paralisia facial grau IV, não submetidos a reabilitação orofacial. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste emparelhado das amostras (T-Student). A confiabilidade da medida do ACL foi aferida através do teste de coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. A média da idade dos pacientes estudados foi 47,65 anos, com desvio padrão (DP) 13,50. A média do ACL pré-reabilitação foi 101,70 e, pós-reabilitação, diminuiu para 93,80 (DP = 4,3). O teste estatístico revelou diferença estatisticamente significativa (p< 0, 001). A análise de confiabilidade demonstrou que existe uma alta correlação entre as medidas de ângulos para os três juízes, sendo estatisticamente significante (p<0,001). O teste estatístico T-Student aplicado para comparação entre o grupo estudado e o grupo controle revelou que a média do ACL no grupo controle foi 100.9, não tem diferença com a média das medidas iniciais do grupo estudado (p=0,723). Em contrapartida apresentou significância estatística na comparação dos valores pós tratamento (p=0.001). Concluímos que o ACL é um marcador antropométrico que nos permite avaliar objetivamente a modificação do tônus da musculatura facial na PFP. Esse protocolo de reabilitação permitiu incremento marcante do tônus muscular, com melhora significativa da simetria do rosto no repouso facial
Abstract: Facial Paralysis has progressively been object of study by speech therapists Who work with motor skills and orofacial rehabilitation. The objective of the therapy is to rehabilitate oral functions - suction, swallowing, mastication, speech and facial expressiveness. The impairment of facial movements and aesthetical sequelae as a consequence of peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) have important emotional repercussions besides functional deficit. Orofacial rehabilitation improve recuvery of movements and adjustment and/or adaptation of the orofacial functions by acting on muscular tonus. However quantifying the therapeutic results in an attempt to valuate muscular tonus is a hard task. The general objective of this thesis was to assess the change on the LCA from a specific protocol applied to patients with peripheral facial paralysis. The specific objectives were to study the LCA variation between the beginning and end of rehabilitation treatment and to assess the reliability of this angle's variation as a quantifying element of therapeutic efficacy. Twenty patients with PFP (HB IV) were studied. They were refered for orofacial rehabilitation from the Facial Paralysis Ambulatory of the Hospital das Clínicas da UNICAMP. This is a prospective longitudinal study. The study was based on the photographically documentation images before (after fifteen days of facial paralysis onset) and one year after treatment. The value of LCA was compared before and one year after treatment. The patients were compared to a control group of nine pacients with PFP - HB IV Who were did not undergo orofacial rehabilitation. The data were analyzed statistically using a T-student test. The reliability of the measurement of the LCA was verifiedusing a Pearson correlation coefficient test. The average age of the patients was 47.65 years, with a standard deviation (SD) of 13.50. The LCA average before rehabilitation was of 101.7o and, after rehabilitation, it 93.8o (SD = 4.3). The statistical test showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The reliability analysis showed that there is a high correlation among the three angle measurements for the three judges, therefore being statistically significant (p<0.001). The statistical T-test applied to compare the group which was studied with the control groups has revealed that the average LCA in the control group was 100.9, and there is no difference with the average of the initial measurements in the group which was studied (p = 0.723). On the other hand, there is a statistical significance in the comparison of post-treatment values (p=0.001). We concluded that the LCA is an anthropometric marker which seems to allow objectively assessment the muscular tonus modification on facial muscles in patients with PFP. Our protocol of rehabilitation improved the muscular tonus, and facial functions
Doutorado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Doutor em Ciências Médicas
Silva, Mabile Francine Ferreira. "Investigação do impacto psicossocial da paralisia facial periférica na avaliação fonoaudiológica: proposição de uma escala." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12014.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
INTRODUCTION: Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) is an impacting condition on its physical, psychological and social aspects, for both the subject affected and those around him. Measuring these data is a complex task. Thus, this research had the PURPOSE to investigate the psychosocial impact of PFP in Speech-Language Pathology evaluation. To meet this proposal, this research was divided into two studies: 1. Development of an instrument of psychosocial assessment in peripheral facial paralysis, which surveyed similar instruments and prepared the questions, submitting them to the evaluation of expert judges, and then revised and verified the applicability of the instrument. 2. Evaluation of the sensitivity of the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance in peripheral facial paralysis, which investigated the sensitivity and internal consistency of the instrument based on the comparison between its results and those from facial functional assessment instruments - House-Brackman scale (HBS) and Facial Grading System and the psychosocial implications measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). METHODS: The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, under protocols number 196.977 (PUC-SP) and 230.982 (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo). Study 1: The drafting of the Psychosocial Scale of Facial Appearance comprised a literature review, the survey of similar instruments, the development of questions and thematic groups, the evaluation of 18 expert judges (by forms and meetings), and final review. After this stage, a pilot study was conducted. Subjects with PFP were selected based on the established criteria, and the questionnaire was pretested for verification of its applicability and reproducibility. Study 2: Thirty-eight adult subjects with PFP were submitted to closed interviews in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the questionnaire. Statistical analyses were carried out for each stage of this study. Data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet, and analyzed by the SPSS 17.0 for Windows and the AMOS 22.0 for Windows. RESULTS: Study 1 - The judges assessment was essential to the improvement of the questionnaire. The pilot study increased the familiarity with the process of data collection, and helped in procedure modifications, determining that the questionnaire would be applied as closed interview. Study 2 - Participants were 38 subjects with PFP and ages between 19 and 78 years, with predominance of idiopathic paralysis (44.7%). The results of the Cronbach's Alpha showed strong internal consistency among the thematic groups and the questions. However, the confirmatory factor analysis indicates that there were questions with week causal relationship between thematic groups. This was the case for questions 5 and 6 of the thematic group Functional Aspects of Face, and between question 17 of the Social Aspects group and 23 of the Emotional Aspects group. CONCLUSION: This study provided the first steps for the subsidy and support of an instrument designed to investigate the psychosocial aspects associated to PFP, allowing the elaboration of questions and their organization in thematic groups. Further studies are necessary to conclude the validation processes
INTRODUÇÃO: A paralisia facial periférica (PFP) é uma condição impactante para o sujeito acometido e para os que o cercam em seus aspectos físico, psíquico e social. Mensurar esses dados é uma tarefa complexa, por isso o OBJETIVO dessa pesquisa foi investigar o impacto psicossocial da PFP na avaliação fonoaudiológica. Para atender a essa proposta a tese foi dividida em dois estudos: 1. Desenvolvimento do instrumento de avaliação psicossocial na paralisia facial periférica, contou com o levantamento de instrumentos que apresentavam funções similares ao proposto, elaboração das perguntas, avaliação do juízes especialistas na área, revisão e verificação da aplicabilidade do instrumento. 2. Avaliação da sensibilidade da Escala Psicossocial de Aparência Facial na paralisia facial periférica, investigou a sensibilidade e consistência interna do instrumento a partir da comparação com os resultados dos instrumentos de avaliação funcional facial, escala de House-Brackman (HBS) e Sistema de Graduação Facial, e implicações psicossociais a partir da aplicação Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão (HADS). MÉTODOS: Pesquisa aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa, sob o protocolo nº. 196.977 (PUC-SP) e 230.982 (Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo). Estudo 1: A elaboração da Escala Psicossocial de Aparência Facial contou com revisão bibliográfica, levantamento de instrumentos que apresentavam funções similares ao questionário, desenvolvimento das questões e grupos temáticos, avaliação de 18 juízes especialistas na área, por meio de formulário, reuniões e revisão final. Após essa etapa, o estudo piloto foi iniciado com a seleção de sujeitos com PFP a partir dos critérios estabelecidos e o instrumento passou pela verificação da aplicabilidade e reprodutibilidade. Estudo 2: A avaliação da sensibilidade do questionário foi realizada por meio de entrevistas fechadas em sujeitos adultos com PFP, sendo 38 selecionados para essa etapa. A análise estatística foi realizada para cada uma das etapas desse estudo, os dados foram digitados em Excel, analisados pelos programas SPSS versão 17.0 para Windows e AMOS versão 22.0 para Windows. RESULTADOS: Estudo 1 - A avaliação dos juízes foi primordial para o aprimoramento do instrumento elaborado. A verificação da aplicabilidade aumentou a familiaridade com o processo de coleta de dados e auxiliou nas modificações dos procedimentos, sendo determinado que o instrumento seria aplicado em forma de entrevista fechada. Estudo 2 - Participaram 38 sujeitos, entre 19 a 78 anos, com predominância de paralisia idiopática (44,7%). Os resultados do Alfa de Cronbach mostraram uma consistência interna forte entre os grupos temáticos e as questões, no entanto a análise fatorial confirmatória, alerta para questões cujo a relação de causa entre os grupos temáticos foi fraca, como nos casos das questões 5 e 6 do grupo temático Aspectos Funcionais da Face, questão 17 dos Aspectos Sociais e questão 23 dos Aspectos Emocionais. CONCLUSÃO: Essa pesquisa constituiu os primeiros passos para o subsídio e respaldo de um instrumento que investiga os aspectos psicossociais associados à PFP, sendo possível a elaboração de questões e ordenação em grupos temáticos. Porém, faz-se necessário a continuidade de estudos para a efetivação dos processos de validação
Araujo, Luiz Carlos Arias. ""Estudo das manifestações crânio faciais de pacientes portadores da síndrome de Moébius - aspectos clínicos e terapêuticos"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23141/tde-11112005-105622/.
Full textThe syndrome of Moebius is characterized by agenesia or aplasia of the VI and VII cranial nerves, nerves and limbs malformation and in some cases oligofrenia. As a consequence of this agenesia or aplasia of some cranial nerves the facial musculature is changed and the facial growth is done atypically, causing important functional problems. The goal of our work is to identify the principal functional alterations and propose a early treatment for this alterations.
Ferreira, Maria Fernanda Roquette. "Aspectos estruturais e funcionais em crianças portadoras da seqüência de Möbius: uma visão fonoaudiológica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-02062009-114241/.
Full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate MS oral miofunctional system and stomatognathic functions in order to define MS phonoaudiological structural phenotype and correlate any changes with the affected anatomical structures, aiming at preparing a standard of care program targeted to MS. Thirty-one male and female patients aged 4 to 16 years old were examined as outpatients of clinical follow-up at Neuropediatrics Department of HC FMUSP Instituto da Criança. Patients with nasogastric or gastrostomy tube and/or who were mentally disabled were excluded. Results showed 24 patients with half-open lips and 29 with altered mobility. For 24 patients at rest, tongue was on the floor of the mouth, 6 on the papilla and 1 between the teeth. Tongue mobility revealed alterations in 51.6% of the cases. Seventy-seven per cent of the patients had ogival palate and 77% had asymmetric chicks. Mandible with reduced opening was found in 55% and mentalis muscle (at rest) was normal in 71% of the cases. For most patients chewing and phonation changes were observed, and 74% had nasal respiration; 27 patients had efficient sucking and 13 had normal swallowing. It was found that the most affected orofacial structures were lips, due to VII nerve palsy, more precisely of zigomatic and upper and lower buccal branches; some cases also showed alterations of chewing and tongue mobility, V and XII nerves. The phonoaudiological treatment should target facial musculature and phonoarticulatory organs stimulation and suiting functions or made them viable, adapted to the clinical picture.
Almeida, José Rosa de. "A cirurgia reconstrutiva em patologia oncológica do nariz : paralisia do nervo facial anatomia cirurgia do nariz." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5554.
Full textToledo, Paula Nunes. "Efeito da terapia miofuncional em pacientes com paralisia facial de longa duração associada à aplicação de toxina botulínica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5158/tde-19042007-090802/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: The facial paralysis is constraining so much of the functional point of view as aesthetic. This research had for goal verified the myofunctional therapy effect in patients with long-standing facial paralysis associate to the botulinum toxin application. METHODS: Twenty-five patients were treated, divided into two groups. The patients from the group A received four sessions of myofunctional therapy before the toxin botulinum application and the patients from the group B received it simultaneously to the application. The therapy was composed by isometric and passive isotonic maneuvers, inside and outside oral, and resistance exercises. RESULTS: After the myofuncional therapy the patients presented significant increase of the mobility of the paralyzed side, of the patient satisfaction index with the face, Functional Index of the Face (IFF) and of the Index of Social Welfare (IBES). The group of patient that accomplished the myofuncional therapy previously presented significantly larger frequency of talking difficulty, while the group that accomplished the miofuncional therapy from the toxin botulínica application date presented significantly larger frequency of chewing difficulty. The myofuncional therapy promotes facial symmetry; patients satisfaction with the face, myofuncional functionality, life quality, and should be accomplished before and after toxin botulínica application to reduce the possible adverse effects.
Filho, Aylton Cheroto. "Reanimação facial com retalho de músculo temporal: análise retrospectiva da técnica e resultados no tratamento da paralisia facial na Disciplina de Cirurgia Plástica do HCFMUSP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5158/tde-11122007-113257/.
Full textFacial palsy is pathology with a great number of causes, with important deficits to the patients. Among the surgical treatments used, the facial reanimation with temporalis muscle flap is a medium complexity procedure. This study intended to identify the results gained with this procedure in our division, analyzing the data of the patients who underwent the temporalis muscle transposition in the last 17 years. One hundred fifty two cases were reviewed, with 93 fulfilling the inclusion criteria. From these, 36 cases of complete facial paralysis reviewed, corresponding to 39% of the whole. Results showed a higher incidence of women in the study, with 26 against 10 men. Motion reanimation of the eyelids and mouth together with the temporalis transposition corresponded to 16 cases, 12 cases were to reanimation of the eyelids only, and eight cases to the mouth. When free muscle transplant was used for facial reanimation, all the cases were done with the gracilis muscle flap. Women had a higher rate of surgeries compared to men. Modifications of the procedure were observed in recent cases, after 2001. Neurotization of the transposed temporalis muscle flap was achieved with a cross-face sural nerve graft in 9 cases. The temporalis transposition technique used I our division is based on the Gillies? one, but using the temporalis fascia to make the flap longer. The temporalis muscle neurotization used wasn?t find in the literature, promising good results in future controlled prospective comparisons.
Remigio, Adelina Fatima do Nascimento. "Comparação da eficácia entre a toxina onabotulínica A com a abobotulínica A, na equivalência de 1:3, para o tratamento da assimetria na paralisia facial de longa duração." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-17062015-164125/.
Full textBotulinum toxin A injection into the nonparalyzed side (NPS) is used to treat asymmetry resulting from facial palsy (FP). OnabotulinumtoxinA (ONA) and abobotulinumtoxinA (ABO) units are not equivalent. We compared the conversion ratio of 1:3 in patients with FP. Fifty-five patients (aged 16-67 years, 43 women) with long-standing FP were randomly treated with either ONA (n = 25) or ABO (n = 30) injections into the NPS. Adverse effects, facial symmetry, subjective satisfaction, and Facial Disability Index (FDI) were assessed after 1 and 6 months. The results showed that the incidence of adverse effects was higher with ABO (93.3% vs. 64.0%, p = 0.007). Clinical scores of the NPS decreased after 1 month and increased again at 6 months, with no betweengroup differences. Scores of the paralyzed side were lower in the ONA group before treatment, but similar in both groups thereafter. The paralyzed side scores increased after 1 month, and at 6 months were still higher than the pretreatment scores in both groups. Subjective assessment improved at all time points compared to pretreatment score and differed between the two groups only at 1 month, when the ABO group was a bit too paralyzed. The Physical Function and Social/Well-Being Function subscales of the FDI did not differ between the two groups. We conclude that both toxins efficiently reduced asymmetry in patients with FP. Adverse effects were higher with ABO at an equivalence ratio of 1:3
Martins, Diogo Marilio. "Utiliza??o de c?lulas mononucleares na regenera??o de les?o aguda do VII par craniano : estudo experimental em ratos." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1536.
Full textIntrodu??o: A paralisia facial perif?rica traz impacto significativo na vida dos pacientes. As causas traum?ticas ficam atr?s somente da Paralisia de Bell e t?m progn?stico vari?vel. Anastomoses t?rmino-terminais s?o vi?veis em poucos casos. As c?lulas mononucleares t?m mostrado bons resultados na regenera??o de nervos perif?ricos, por?m n?o existem estudos com o s?timo par craniano. Objetivos: Estudar a recupera??o funcional do nervo facial ap?s les?o aguda com repara??o imediata utilizando c?lulas mononucleares em um modelo experimental. Material e M?todo: Estudo experimental, controlado, cegado e randomizado. Foram inclu?dos dezesseis ratos Wistar divididos em dois grupos. Foi realizada ressec??o de quatro mil?metros do tronco do nervo facial e, ent?o, interposto um tubo de silicone, preenchido com c?lulas mononucleares no grupo 1 e com ve?culo gelificado no grupo 2. Os animais foram avaliados por teste funcional: an?lise do movimento das vibrissas, do fechamento da rima ocular e somat?rio vibrissas-olhos durante 64 dias. Tamb?m foi realizado exame macrosc?pico e histol?gico no final do estudo. A compara??o dos grupos foi realizada por meio das medianas, avaliadas pelo teste U de Mann-Whitney. O n?vel de signific?ncia adotado foi 5%. Resultados: O DELTA (valor final valor inicial) para o somat?rio vibrissas-olhos foi -0,50 para o grupo 1 e -1,50 para o grupo 2, mostrando uma recupera??o funcional satisfat?ria em ambos os grupos, com uma melhora precoce no fechamento da rima ocular no grupo das c?lulas mononucleares evidenciada pelas medianas entre a segunda e terceira semanas. A ?rea sob a curva, que evidencia o efeito global dos tratamentos, n?o resultou em diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos. Conclus?es: Os dois grupos, c?lulas mononucleares e controle, obtiveram recupera??o da m?mica facial no teste funcional ap?s a les?o aguda do VII par craniano no per?odo de 64 dias, sendo que o grupo que utilizou as c?lulas mononucleares apresentou recupera??o mais precoce no crit?rio fechamento da rima ocular.
Mussi, Maria Carolina Martins. "Parâmetros salivares, proteoma e saúde bucal na síndrome de Moebius." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23141/tde-19012016-172918/.
Full textThe Moebius syndrome (MS) is a rare congenital diplegia characterized by total or partial palsy of the VI and VII cranial nerves, leading to the absence or disability of the movements of facial expression muscles and to convergent strabismus. The oral features described in these individuals include high-arched palate, micrognathia, tongue malformation, short filter, lack of lips coaptation, and higher incidence of caries lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative salivary characteristics, including the salivary proteome of individuals with MS, associate them with the oral health, and compare them to the salivary characteristics of a control group, unaffected by SM. We included 15 subjects with MS and 15 controls. The facial involvement of individuals with MS was evaluated and graded on scores 0, 1 or 2, uni or bilateral to the nerves II, III, IV, V, VI, VII and XI. The researchers established the caries (ICDAS), periodontal disease (PSR) and plate (Silness Löe) indexes in both groups. We also performed unstimulated, stimulated and bilateral parotid saliva collections, and salivary flow was calculated (ml / min). The buffer capacity was measured in stimulated saliva by titration of 0.01N HCl. The ?-amylase activity was determined by maltose production. For proteomic analysis it was decided to split the saliva samples in accordance with the flow in ml/min. Thus, for each group, study and control, the 4 types of saliva (stimulated, unstimulated, left parotid, right parotid) were subdivided according to low flow (below the group average) or high flow (above average group), resulting in 16 subgroups. The proteome was obtained by two different methodologies, the first was liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and the second was sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) associated with cationic PAGE. The occurrence of caries lesions, related to cut-off 2, as well as the occurrence of periodontal disease, was significantly higher (p> 0.05) in participants with MS when compared to the control group. There was no statistical difference in plaque index between groups. Proteomics analysis showed decrease of cystatin B, S and SN in individuals with MS. There was no difference in protein profile between the low and high salivary flow groups, for individuals with MS and control. There was an increase in the amylase amount and histatin 1, 3 and 5 in individuals with MS. We concluded that individuals with MS present decreased salivary flow, decreased buffer capacity and protein alterations that place these individuals at increased risk for caries and periodontal disease.
Scopel, Gean Paulo. "Estudo comparativo da fixação dos transplantes musculares na reanimação facial unilateral com ou sem o uso do tendão palmar longo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-20122010-172410/.
Full textTwenty-six patients with unilateral long-stading facial palsy underwent 1-stage reanimation with free gracilis muscle transplant innervated by the masseteric branch of the trigeminal nerve. They were divided into 2 nonrandomized groups according to insertion technique: group I (19 patients), palmaris longus tendon graft placed between the gracilis free flap and the orbicularis oris of the upper and lower lip on the nonparalyzed side; group II (7 patients), interrupted suture between the free flap and the orbicularis oris of the upper and lower lip on the paralyzed side. Qualitative evaluation of the smile demonstrated better results in patients from group I (94,1% vs 66,6%). Comparing the position of the Cupid`s bow at rest, pre- and postoperatively in each patient, we observed significant improvement of facial symmetry in both groups. During smile, however, there was significantly higher rate of centralization of the Cupid`s bow in patients submitted to reanimation with the use of the palmaris longus tendon (group I)
Okada, Alberto Yoshikazu. "Estudo crítico da anatomia do retalho neurovascular do músculo oblíquo interno com análise histomorfométrica e da incidência de alterações degenerativas dos seus pedículos arteriais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-09022015-092532/.
Full textIn 2002, the neurovascular internal oblique muscle flap, with one vascular pedicle and two long nerve pedicles, was described for single stage treatment of facial paralysis, allowing the simultaneous reanimation of the oral and orbital regions. Despite the numerous theoretical advantages of this flap, limited information is available regarding its anatomical features. Eighteen fresh, nonembalmed cadavers were dissected, providing a total of 36 flaps. The lengths of the vascular and nerve pedicles and the thickness, area, and volume of the muscle were analyzed. A 0.5-cm proximal fragment of the vascular pedicles was collected and subjected to histomorphometric analysis. The outer diameter of the arterial and venous pedicles and degenerative changes in the intima and medial layers were measured by histomorphometry. The dominant vascular pedicle of the neurovascular internal oblique muscle flap is the deep circumflex iliac (DCI), and secondary neurovascular pedicles arise from the subcostal and 11th posterior intercostal (11th ITC). The mean lengths of the DCI, subcostal and 11th ITC pedicles were 10.8 ± 2 cm, 13.2 ± 0.70 cm and 12.5 ± 1.25 cm, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the mean lengths of the pedicles (p < 0.001), with the length of the subcostal being greater than that of the 11th ITC, which was in turn greater than that of the DCI. The subcostal and 11th ITC nerves were of the same length as the vascular pedicle because they were sectioned at the same point. The muscle had a thickness of 0.8 ± 0.14 cm, an area of 4.4 ± 1.55 cm2 and a volume of 3.47 ± 1.24 cm3. The diameters of the DCI, subcostal and 11th ITC arteries were 1.3 ± 0.32 mm, 0.74 ± 0.24 mm and 0.71 ± 0.23 mm, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that DCI diameter > subcostal diameter = 11th ITC diameter. Degenerative changes of the artery wall in the intima and medial layers were analyzed. Changes in the intima were observed in 32.4% of the DCI, 17.6% of the subcostal and 25.8% of the 11th ITC. In the medial layer, there was an incidence of 23.5% in the DCI, 32.4% in the subcostal and 19.4% in the 11th ITC.The length of the subcostal nerve was longer than the 11th ITC nerve and was similar to the length reported in the literature, it allows single-stage anastomosis in the contralateral facial nerve. The internal oblique muscle provides a flap with a reduced volume to be transferred to the face, which may result in fewer changes in facial contour. The three pedicles display similar incidences of degenerative changes. The diameter of the DCI artery is greater than those of the other pedicles, its vascular pedicle has a more superficial position, and its dissection is less laborious. When dissected to its origin, it becomes longer and facilitates positioning of the flap. Being longer, reaches a greater number of receptor vessels and facilitates microsurgical anastomosis
Ribeiro, Raquel Costa. "Anomalias congénitas e manifestações orais." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4395.
Full textIntrodução: As anomalias congénitas abrangem alterações de estrutura, função e metabolismo da criança. Resultantes de alterações físicas e /ou mentais, podendo estar presentes logo no nascimento ou manifestar-se mais tardiamente. Estima-se que 7,6 milhões de crianças ao nascimento sejam portadoras de uma anomalia congénita. Qualquer alteração no desenvolvimento embrionário pode originar anomalias congénitas que podem variar desde pequenas assimetrias até defeitos com maiores comprometimentos estéticos e funcionais. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho é dar a conhecer a existência de algumas anomalias congénitas com grande envolvimento da cavidade oral provocando más oclusões devido a erupções dentárias alteradas e alterações no crescimento dos ossos da face. Algumas dessas anomalias são: Fenda Lábio-Palatina, Disostose Cleidocraniana, Disostose Craniofacial entre outras. Materiais e Métodos: Pesquisou-se em duas bases de dados a literatura relevante quanto à temática proposta, com limite temporal dos últimos dez anos e com as seguintes palavras-chaves: anomalias congénitas com manifestações orais, fenda Lábiopalatina, Disostose Cleidocraniana, Disostose Crâniofacial, Disostose Mandíbulo- Facial, Torcicolo, Sífilis Congénita, Toxoplasmose Congénita, Paralisia Cerebral, Síndrome Incontinência Pigmentar, Paralisia Facial, Displasia Ectodérmica, Síndrome de Rieger, Síndrome de Pierre-Robin, Síndrome de Hallerman-Streiff. Os artigos foram selecionados segundo o seu rigor científico e interesse para o tema. Conclusões: A etiologia das anomalias congénitas é multifatorial sendo idêntica em quase todas as anomalias. As anomalias craniofaciais têm um número significativo dentro das anomalias congénitas sendo por isso muito diversificadas e complexas. A fenda Lábio-palatina é das anomalias craniofaciais mais frequente e conclui-se que as manifestações orais são idênticas em cada anomalia congénita estudada. Introduction: Congenital anomalies include changes in structure, function and metabolism of the child. Resulting from physical and / or mental abnormalities that can be presented at birth or may manifest themselves later. It is estimated that 7.6 million children are born with a congenital anomaly. Any change in embryonic development can cause birth defects which may vary from small asymmetries to defects with higher aesthetic and functional impairment. Objective: This work intends to shed some light on the existence of some congenital anomalies with great involvement on the oral cavity causing malocclusion due to altered dental eruptions and changes in facial bones' growth. Some of these anomalies are: Cleft Lip and Palate, cleidocranial dysostosis, Craniofacial dysostosis among others. Materials and Methods: Two databases on relevant literature regarding the proposed theme were searched. The search time span was comprised in the last ten years and keywords like congenital anomalies with oral manifestations, cleft lip and palate, cleidocranial dysostosis, craniofacial dysostosis, mandibular-facial dysostosis, Torticollis, Congenital Syphilis, Congenital Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral Palsy, Incontinence Pigmentosa Syndrome, Facial Paralysis, Ectodermal Dysplasia, Rieger Syndrome, Pierre -Robin syndrome, Hallerman-Streiff were used. Articles were selected according to their scientific rigor and relevance to the theme. Conclusions: The etiology of congenital abnormalities is multifactorial, being identical in almost all anomalies. Craniofacial anomalies are predominant within congenital anomalies, being diverse and complex. The cleft lip and palate are the most common craniofacial anomalies. Thus, it was concluded that oral manifestations are identical in each study congenital anomaly.
Nepomuceno, André Coelho. "Estudo experimental de técnicas de dupla inervação muscular em ratos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-13112017-120612/.
Full textMuscle contraction generated by electrical impulses simultaneously originating from two different neural sources may be an interesting treatment alternative for facial palsy and brachial plexus injury. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate and compare distinct double reinnervation techniques with single reinnervation technique of gastrocnemius muscle in rats. Fifty adult Wistar rats underwent transection of their right peroneal nerve and were divided into five groups related to tibial nerve procedure: the control group (C), tibial nerve section group (S), tibial nerve end-to-end neurorrhaphy (EE) group, tibial nerve primary repair associated with end-to-side peroneal-to-tibial nerve transfer (ES) group, and tibial nerve repair by convergent end-to-end neurorrhaphy between the proximal stumps of the tibial and peroneal nerves to the distal stump of the tibial nerve (CEE) group. The outcomes were assessed 12 weeks after the experiment by use of a walking track, electromyography, gastrocnemius muscle mass index, and histomorphometric analysis of the distal tibial nerve. The double reinnervation groups (ES and CEE) showed greater functional recovery (p < 0.05) than the single reinnervation group (EE). The CEE group showed greater amplitude (p=0.006) and higher latency (p=0.041) than the EE group. There was no difference in the muscle mass index among the reinnervation groups (p > 0.705). Histologic analysis revealed greater axonal density in the CEE group than EE group (p=0.001) and ES group (p=0.002). The double reinnervation techniques showed earlier and greater functional recovery of the gastrocnemius muscle than did the single reinnervation technique. The CEE group showed a higher number of regenerated axons in the distal tibial nerve stump
Cunha, Sandra Catarina Neto da. "Paralisia Facial Periférica." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/8359.
Full textPeripheral Facial Paralysis (PFP), resulting from facial nerve (NF) dysfunction, is the most common pathology associated with cranial nerve injury. This may be primary or secondary to other underlying conditions, such as infectious diseases (varicella zoster and Lyme disease), tumors and trauma. The most common etiology is primary (corresponding to about 75% of cases), the most emblematic example being idiopathic paralysis, also known as Bell's palsy (PB). Peripheral facial paralysis, in its most common form, is more frequent between 30 and 50 years, presenting a second peak between 60 and 70 years. It manifests in both sexes and there is no predominance in the hemiface affected The onset tends to be abrupt or progressive. The clinical manifestations are quite varied, such as muscle weakness or paralysis (which can be unilateral or bilateral), deviation of the labial commissure, elimination of the nasolabial sulcus and forehead folds, inability to completely close one eye, Bell's phenomenon , loss of taste in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, hyperacusis, and decreased production of the salivary glands and lacrimal gland. The diagnosis is essentially based on clinical history, symptomatology and physical examination. When more diagnostic doubts arise when the etiology is secondary to other underlying causes, complementary means such as electrophysiological tests, imaging and imaging tests are considered useful in view of the underlying pathology. Although most cases (about 80-85%) are benign and resolve spontaneously after some time, there is a percentage of cases that need treatment. This is still controversial and there are several therapies, whose effectiveness needs more studies. However, it is consensual to physiotherapy and systemic corticosteroid therapy that in the case of viral infections, antiviral agents must be added. When these therapies fail there may be a need to resort to botulinum toxin or surgery. About 15-20% of patients have sequelae and in 5% of cases they are severe.
Fernandes, Ana Catarina Afonso Morais. "Paralisia Facial - Aspetos Terapêuticos." Dissertação, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/71831.
Full textFernandes, Ana Catarina Afonso Morais. "Paralisia Facial - Aspetos Terapêuticos." Master's thesis, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/71831.
Full textAbreu, Ana Francisca Lopes Ribeiro de Oliveira. "Paralisia Facial Periférica: Estado da arte." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/97706.
Full textA paralisia facial periférica pode repercutir-se em vários aspetos pessoais e interpessoais da vida do doente, sejam estes funcionais, sociais, psicológicos ou económicos e, deste modo, adquirir dimensões desastrosas na vida do lesado. (1)É conhecido um largo espectro de causas que poderá estar na origem da paralisia facial periférica: infeciosas/inflamatórias, traumáticas, neoplásicas, imunológicas, congénitas, entre outras. Contudo, nenhuma delas provou estar presente na etiologia da maioria dos casos conhecidos, daí que estes sejam frequentemente considerados idiopáticos e designados como paralisia de Bell. (2,3) No que diz respeito à evolução da paralisia de Bell, o quadro clínico é variável, agravando-se nas primeiras 48 horas. A maior parte dos doentes recupera espontaneamente (4), com uma regeneração completa em 3 meses (5,6) e, em apenas 15 a 20% dos casos, surgem sequelas (7). Alguns estudos confirmam que não ocorre persistência de paralisia facial severa ou completa neste tipo de etiologia. (8) A anamnese e o exame físico devem auxiliar a caracterizar a lesão quanto à localização, grau, extensão, etiologia e duração desta. (1) O diagnóstico é normalmente clínico e obtido por exclusão de outras causas, pelo que deverá haver uma avaliação rigorosa de todos os sinais e sintomas relacionados com as regiões e estruturas inervadas pelo nervo facial. (3)O tratamento deve ser individualizado com base na esperança média de vida, preferências do doente, impacto na vida social e défices funcionais. (1) É, geralmente, médico e com recurso a corticosteróides de elevada dosagem (7,9,10), salvo algumas exceções em que o recurso a antivirais e antibioterapia deverão ser ponderados. (9,11,12) O tratamento cirúrgico ficará reservado para casos particulares, sendo os seus objetivos os mesmos de um tratamento médico, com particular prioridade para o encerramento ocular e a simetria no sorriso. (13)A idade e os sinais ou sintomas não são fatores significativos no prognóstico desta patologia (10), sendo este baseado em exames eletrofisiológicos que permitem, através de fórmulas, determinar a funcionalidade restante do nervo facial e dos músculos após a lesão. (14–16)
The peripheral facial paralysis is a pathology that can directly impact the patient’s functional, social, economic and psychological life. (1)A large spectrum of causes that can be in the origin of peripheral facial palsy is known as infectious/inflammatory, traumatic, neoplasia, immunological, congenital, between others. Although, none of them has been proved to be present in most of the known cases, being frequently considered idiopathic and designated as Bell’s palsy. (2,3) The clinical signs of Bell’s palsy are variable and usually intensify in the first 48 hours. Most of the patients recover spontaneously (4), with a full regeneration in 3 months (5,6) and sequels are proved to appear in 15 to 20% of the cases. (7) Some studies support that, in this type of aetiology, a persistency of severe or complete facial paralysis does not occur. (8)The anamnesis and the physical examination is essential to establish the location, grade, extension, aetiology and duration of the lesion. (1) The diagnosis is usually obtained by the exclusion of other causes, being crucial the strict evaluation of the clinical signs and symptoms associated with all regions and structures innervated by the facial nerve. (3)The treatment must be performed according to the individual’s average life expectancy, preferences, social life and functional deficits. (1) Most of the times the treatment is medical with high doses of corticosteroids (7,9,10), except in some specific situations where the use of antivirals must be considered. (9,11,12) The surgical treatment is indicated in some particular cases, with the same purposes as the medical treatment but with proper priority in ocular closing and smile symmetry. (13)The prognostic of this pathologic is not significantly affected by the age and beginning of the clinical signs or symptoms. (10) It should be based on electrophysiologic exams that acknowledge, through formulas, the functionality of the facial nerve and muscles before the lesion. (14–16)
""O uso da toxina botulínica em doentes com hipercinesia muscular facial contralateral à paralisia facial"." Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-17082006-104941/.
Full textCardoso, Tiago São Pedro. "A experiência da paralisia facial na vida de relação da pessoa :." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/18144.
Full text"Analise tardia do grau de paralisia facial em pacientes operados de Schannoma vestibular." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2006. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000392987.
Full textBarroso, Tiago Miguel Barbosa 1992. "Tétano : paralisia facial periférica e doença do soro associada a imunoglobulina anti-tetânica humana." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/29572.
Full textO tétano é actualmente uma doença infecciosa rara nos países desenvolvidos. Trata-se de uma doença que pode ser eficazmente prevenida através da profilaxia primária (vacinação) ou secundária (profilaxia pós-exposição). Apesar da apresentação típica, a extrema raridade da doença nos países desenvolvidos, leva, frequentemente, a atrasos no diagnóstico. Após uma breve introdução teórica sobre a epidemiologia, patogénese, apresentação clínica, prevenção e tratamento, apresenta-se e discute-se um caso clínico. Trata-se de uma doente de 80 anos, que após ferida na face conspurcada com terra, desenvolveu um quadro de tétano cefálico com posterior generalização, que levou a internamento prolongado em unidade de cuidados intensivos. Inicialmente apresentou-se com trismus e paralisia facial periférica, e tal como em outros casos publicados, houve um atraso no diagnóstico. Durante o internamento desenvolveu, como complicação, doença do soro heterólogo associada à imunoglobulina anti-tetânica, associação não descrita previamente na literatura. A doente sobreviveu e teve alta sem défices neurológicos residuais. Na discussão descreve-se e aborda-se as falhas cometidas em três momentos fundamentais: a profilaxia primária, a profilaxia secundária e o diagnóstico.
Tetanus is nowadays a rare infectious disease in developed countries. It can be prevented through both primary (vaccination) and secondary (post-exposure) prophylaxis. Despite the typical presentation, the extreme rarity of the disease in developed countries frequently leads to a delay in diagnosis. After a brief review of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, prevention and treatment, we present and discuss a clinical case. The patient was an 80 year old female, who after a contaminated wound to the face developed cephalic tetanus, which progressed to generalized tetanus, leading to prolonged hospital stay in an intensive care unit. Initial signs and symptoms were trismus and peripheral facial palsy, and as in other published case reports, there was a delay in diagnosis. During the hospital stay, the patient developed serum sickness due to administration of human anti-tetanus globulin, an association which has not previously been described. The patient survived, with no residual neurological deficits present at discharge. We describe and discuss mistakes made at three crucial moments in the management of tetanus: primary prophylaxis, secondary prophylaxis and diagnosis.
Ferreira, Margarida Susete Penela. "Efeitos do treino neuromuscular na paralisia facial periférica idiopática em fase aguda, subaguda e crónica." Tese, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/83169.
Full textFerreira, Margarida Susete Penela. "Efeitos do treino neuromuscular na paralisia facial periférica idiopática em fase aguda, subaguda e crónica." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/83169.
Full textDias, Diogo Jarmela Valente. "Manifestações sistémicas de infecção por Mycobacterium bovis após instilação intra-vesical de Bacilo Calmette-Guérin para tratamento de carcinoma da bexiga: artrite e paralisia facial? – um caso clínico." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/97737.
Full textA imunoterapia intra-vesical com Bacilo Calmette-Guérin (BCG), forma atenuada de Mycobacterium bovis, constitui o principal tratamento adjuvante de carcinoma da bexiga não músculo-invasivo. Embora geralmente bem tolerado e com um bom perfil de segurança, poderá, numa minoria dos doentes (<5%), originar efeitos adversos sistémicos variados e, por vezes, severos, que classicamente se atribuem a infecção sistémica por M. bovis.Descrevemos o caso de um homem de 50 anos, fumador, sem antecedentes patológicos relevantes, que desenvolveu manifestações sistémicas de infecção por M. bovis, após instilação intra-vesical de BCG. Cinco dias depois da última instilação e um mês após a primeira, iniciou quadro de poliartrite das mãos e joelhos. Realizou prova tuberculínica com resultado positivo e iniciou tratamento anti-bacilar com isoniazida, rifampicina e etambutol. Durante o tratamento surgiu, ainda, um episódio de défice neurológico agudo com paralisia facial, complicação nunca antes associada ao uso de BCG intra-vesical.Discutem-se estes dois quadros clínicos enquanto prováveis complicações sistémicas raras de infecção por M. bovis, permanecendo a dúvida acerca da hipótese que apresenta o défice neurológico agudo/paralisia facial como consequência desta infecção.Concluímos destacando a importância de uma atitude vigilante e de elevada suspeição perante possíveis complicações do tratamento intra-vesical com BCG, evitando atrasos no diagnóstico e na instituição de terapêutica adequada.
Intravesical immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is a commonly used gold standard adjuvant treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Although usually well tolerated and with a favorable safety profile, in a minority of patients (<5%) it can induce highly variable, and sometimes severe, systemic adverse reactions, which are traditionally attributed to systemic infection by M. bovis.This report describes the case of a 50-year-old male, smoker, without any relevant medical history, that developed systemic manifestations of infection by M. bovis, after intravesical instillation of BCG. Five days after the last instillation, and one month after the first one, he initiated signs and symptoms of polyarthritis of both hands and knees. Clinical suspicion of systemic BCG-osis, along with a positive tuberculin skin test, prompted the initiation of antituberculosis therapy, with isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol. During this treatment he also developed an acute neurological deficit episode with facial paralysis, a complication never before associated with intravesical BCG.We debate these clinical presentations as plausible rare systemic complications of M. bovis infection. Nonetheless, we cannot reach the conclusion that the neurological deficit with facial paralysis is a consequence of this infection.Finally, we would like to highlight the importance of remaining vigilant at all stages of treatment with intravesical BCG, regarding the emergence of possible complications, therefore avoiding delays on both diagnosis and treatment.
"Efeito da terapia miofuncional em pacientes com paralisia facial de longa duração associada à aplicação de toxina botulínica." Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5158/tde-19042007-090802/.
Full textNunes, Sara Maria Oliveira. "Fratura traumática do osso temporal : diagnóstico, sequelas e tratamento." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/24447.
Full textThe temporal bone is the hardest and more complex bone of the skull, which makes the occurrence of a fracture a very rare event however, has a substantial and varied traumatic etiology (assaults, falls, motorcycles accidents, pedestrian accidents and wounds from guns). Despite its rarity, in the existence of a head injury, we alert to the importance of the exclusion of a temporal bone´s fracture, because of its anatomical complexity in which, injuries like these can cause important aesthetics and dysfunction clinical entities in consequence of the quantity of delicate structures that can be damaged. The most important clinical entities are the conduction or sensorineural hearing loss, the peripheral facial palsy, the vestibular dysfunction and the cerebrospinal fluid fistula. These also depend on the type of fracture (orientation, position and size) and its presentation can be immediate or deferred in time.This paper presents the case of a young adult with a traumatic fracture of the temporal bone in the context of physical aggression that develops a peripheral facial palsy and sensorineural hypoacusis with a progressive installation. Also contains a brief review of the literature on the temporal bone fractures, their diagnosis, their main squeals and their therapeutic approaches.
O temporal é o osso mais duro e complexo do crânio, o que torna a ocorrência de uma fratura um acontecimento muito raro, no entanto apresenta uma importante e variada etiologia traumática (agressões físicas, quedas, acidentes de motociclos, atropelamentos e feridas de armas de fogo). Apesar da sua raridade, na existência de um traumatismo craniano, alerta-se para a importância da exclusão de uma fratura do osso temporal, isto porque a sua complexidade anatómica faz com que lesões como estas se tornem entidades clínicas de importante gravidade funcional e estética em que uma quantidade de estruturas delicadas podem ser lesadas e causar repercussões clínicas debilitantes. Destas destacam-se a hipoacusia de condução ou neurossensorial, a paralisia facial periférica, a disfunção vestibular e a fístula de líquido cefalorraquidiano. Estas dependem do tipo de fratura (orientação, situação e dimensão) e a sua apresentação pode ser imediata ou deferida no tempo. O presente trabalho apresenta o caso de um jovem adulto com uma fratura traumática do osso temporal em contexto de agressão física que desenvolve uma paralisia facial periférica e hipoacusia neurossensorial de instalação progressiva. Contém também uma pequena revisão da literatura sobre as fraturas do osso temporal, seu diagnóstico, principais sequelas e respetivas abordagens terapêuticas.
Correia, Ana Francisca Azevedo. "A otite média crónica purulenta simples e suas complicações : a propósito de um caso clínico noutra realidade." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/42729.
Full textA otite média é uma entidade bastante frequente em todo o mundo, e define-se como um grupo de doenças infeciosas que atingem o ouvido médio, podendo apresentarse em vários subtipos que diferem na apresentação, complicações e tratamento. Esta divide-se em otite média aguda e otite média crónica, sendo a primeira geralmente autolimitada. Pelo contrário, na otite média crónica existe normalmente maior dificuldade no seu diagnóstico e tratamento, estando mais propícia ao desenvolvimento de complicações extracranianas e/ou intracranianas. Aqui, podemos distinguir a otite média crónica purulenta simples, a otite seromucosa e a otite média crónica colesteatomatosa, sendo esta última mais frequente nos dias de hoje. A otite média crónica purulenta simples é uma patologia rara, no entanto ainda se observam muitos casos nos países em desenvolvimento, principalmente quando associados a determinados fatores de risco. Tais como: baixo nível socioeconómico; zonas de sobrepopulação; má alimentação e higiene. O diagnóstico e tratamento precoces desta doença são essenciais, para evitar o desenvolvimento de complicações potencialmente fatais. No presente trabalho é descrito um caso clínico de uma mulher de 50 anos, natural de Cabo Verde, com diagnóstico de otite média crónica purulenta simples complicada com paralisia facial periférica, mastoidite e eventual fístula labiríntica. Por isso, foi submetida a antibioterapia e tratamento cirúrgico (timpanomastoidectomia com rebatimento da parede posterior do canal auditivo externo e timpanoplastia). Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar a importância do reconhecimento e valorização de patologias raras na nossa realidade clínica, mas ao mesmo tempo bastante graves. Necessitando de diagnóstico e tratamento imediato.
Otitis media is a very common entity worldwide and is defined as a group of infectious diseases that affect the middle ear and may present in several subtypes that differ in presentation, complications and treatment. It is divided into acute otitis media and chronic otitis media, the first is generally self-limiting. On the other hand, in chronic otitis media there is more difficulty in its diagnosis and treatment, being more propitious to the development of extracranial and/or intracranial complications. Here, we can distinguish chronic suppurative otitis media, otitis media with effusion and otitis media chronic with cholesteatoma, this one is more frequent these days. Chronic suppurative otitis media is a rare condition, however, many cases are still present in developing countries, especially when associated with certain risk factors. Such as: low socioeconomic conditions; overcrowding; poor nutrition and poor hygiene. The early diagnosis and treatment of this disease are essential to avoid the development of potentially life-threatening complications. This paper describes a clinical case of a 50-year-old woman from Cape Verde, diagnosed with chronic suppurative otitis media complicated by facial paralysis, mastoiditis and eventual labyrinthine fistula. Therefore, she underwent antibiotic therapy and surgical treatment (tympanomastoidectomy with bending of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal and tympanoplasty). This work aims to show the importance of the recognition and valuation of rare pathologies in our clinical reality, but at the same time quite serious. Needing diagnosis and immediate treatment.