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Journal articles on the topic 'Parameterizations'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Kuznetsova, Alexandra, Georgy Baydakov, Vladislav Papko, Alexander Kandaurov, Maxim Vdovin, Daniil Sergeev, and Yuliya Troitskaya. "Adjusting of Wind Input Source Term in WAVEWATCH III Model for the Middle-Sized Water Body on the Basis of the Field Experiment." Advances in Meteorology 2016 (2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8539127.

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Adjusting of wind input source term in numerical model WAVEWATCH III for the middle-sized water body is reported. For this purpose, the field experiment on Gorky Reservoir is carried out. Surface waves are measured along with the parameters of the airflow. The measurement of wind speed in close proximity to the water surface is performed. On the basis of the experimental results, the parameterization of the drag coefficient depending on the 10 m wind speed is proposed. This parameterization is used in WAVEWATCH III for the adjusting of the wind input source term within WAM 3 and Tolman and Cha

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Jin, Han-Gyul, Hyunho Lee, and Jong-Jin Baik. "A New Parameterization of the Accretion of Cloud Water by Graupel and Its Evaluation through Cloud and Precipitation Simulations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, no. 2 (January 21, 2019): 381–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0245.1.

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Abstract A new parameterization of the accretion of cloud water by graupel for use in bulk microphysics schemes is derived by analytically integrating the stochastic collection equation (SCE). In this parameterization, the collection efficiency between graupel particles and cloud droplets is expressed in a functional form using the data obtained from a particle trajectory model by a previous study. The new accretion parameterization is evaluated through box model simulations in comparison with a bin-based direct SCE solver and two previously developed accretion parameterizations that employ th

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Liu, Yangang, Peter H. Daum, R. McGraw, and R. Wood. "Parameterization of the Autoconversion Process. Part II: Generalization of Sundqvist-Type Parameterizations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 3 (March 1, 2006): 1103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3675.1.

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Abstract Existing Sundqvist-type parameterizations, which only consider dependence of the autoconversion rate on cloud liquid water content, are generalized to explicitly account for the droplet concentration and relative dispersion of the cloud droplet size distribution as well. The generalized Sundqvist-type parameterization includes the more commonly used Kessler-type parameterization as a special case, unifying the two different types of parameterizations for the autoconversion rate. The generalized Sundqvist-type parameterization is identical with the Kessler-type parameterization present

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BAJAJ, CHANDRAJIT L., and ANDREW V. ROYAPPA. "FINITE REPRESENTATIONS OF REAL PARAMETRIC CURVES AND SURFACES." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 05, no. 03 (September 1995): 313–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195995000180.

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Global parameterizations of parametric algebraic curves or surfaces are defined over infinite parameter domains. Considering parameterizations in terms of rational functions that have real coefficients and vary over real parameter values, we show how to replace one global parameterization with a finite number of alternate bounded parameterizations, each defined over a fixed, bounded part of the real parameter domain space. The new bounded parameterizations together generate all real points of the old one and in particular the points corresponding to infinite parameter values in the old domain.

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Wang, Wenping, Barry Joe, and Ronald Goldman. "Rational Quadratic Parameterizations of Quadrics." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 07, no. 06 (December 1997): 599–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195997000375.

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Every irreducible quadric in E3 has infinitely many different rational quadratic parameterizations. These parameterizations and the relationships between them are investigated. It is shown that every faithful rational quadratic parameterization of a quadric can be generated by a stereographic projection from a point on the quadric, called the center of projection (COP). Two such parameterizations for the same quadric are related by a rational linear reparameterization if they have the same COP; otherwise they are related by a rational quadratic reparameterization. We also consider unfaithful p

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Lee, Hyunho, and Jong-Jin Baik. "A Physically Based Autoconversion Parameterization." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 1599–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0207.1.

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Abstract A physically based parameterization for the autoconversion is derived by solving the stochastic collection equation (SCE) with an approximated collection kernel. The collection kernel is constructed using the terminal velocity of cloud droplets and the collision efficiency between cloud droplets that is obtained using a particle trajectory model. The new parameterization proposed in this study is validated through comparison with results obtained by a bin-based direct SCE solver and other autoconversion parameterizations using a box model. The autoconversion-related time scale and dro

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Xu, Shibo, and Alexey Stovas. "A new parameterization for acoustic orthorhombic media." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): C229—C240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0215.1.

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We have defined a group of new parameterizations for P-wave in acoustic orthorhombic (ORT) media with three cross-term normal moveout velocities and three cross-term anellipticity parameters. The corresponding perturbation-based approximations for traveltime in ORT model are developed using the new parameterizations. The perturbation coefficients are computed by solving the eikonal equation in corresponding parameterization. Eight types of parameterization are defined based on the different elliptical background model and selection of anellipticity parameters. As the traveltime can be converte

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Song, Yong, Christopher K. Wikle, Christopher J. Anderson, and Steven A. Lack. "Bayesian Estimation of Stochastic Parameterizations in a Numerical Weather Forecasting Model." Monthly Weather Review 135, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 4045–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007mwr1928.1.

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Abstract Parameterizations in numerical models account for unresolved processes. These parameterizations are inherently difficult to construct and as such typically have notable imperfections. One approach to account for this uncertainty is through stochastic parameterizations. This paper describes a methodological approach whereby existing parameterizations provide the basis for a simple stochastic approach. More importantly, this paper describes systematically how one can “train” such parameterizations with observations. In particular, a stochastic trigger function has been implemented for c

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Pan, Wenyong, Kristopher A. Innanen, Yu Geng, and Junxiao Li. "Interparameter trade-off quantification for isotropic-elastic full-waveform inversion with various model parameterizations." GEOPHYSICS 84, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): R185—R206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0832.1.

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Simultaneous determination of multiple physical parameters using full-waveform inversion (FWI) suffers from interparameter trade-off difficulties. Analyzing the interparameter trade-offs in different model parameterizations of isotropic-elastic FWI, and thus determining the appropriate model parameterization, are critical for efficient inversion and obtaining reliable inverted models. Five different model parameterizations are considered and compared including velocity-density, modulus-density, impedance-density, and two velocity-impedance parameterizations. The scattering radiation patterns a

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10

De la Sen, M., and A. Ibeas. "Stability Results of a Class of Hybrid Systems under Switched Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time Control." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2009 (2009): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/315713.

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This paper investigates the stability properties of a class of switched systems possessing several linear time-invariant parameterizations (or configurations) which are governed by a switching law. It is assumed that the parameterizations are stabilized individually via an appropriate linear state or output feedback stabilizing controller whose existence is first discussed. A main novelty with respect to previous research is that the various individual parameterizations might be continuous-time, discrete-time, or mixed so that the whole switched system is a hybrid continuous/discrete dynamic s

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11

Liang, Chang-Rong, Xiao-Dong Shang, Yong-Feng Qi, Gui-Ying Chen, and Ling-Hui Yu. "A Modified Finescale Parameterization for Turbulent Mixing in the Western Equatorial Pacific." Journal of Physical Oceanography 51, no. 4 (April 2021): 1133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-20-0205.1.

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AbstractFinescale parameterizations are of great importance to explore the turbulent mixing in the open ocean due to the difficulty of microstructure measurements. Studies based on finescale parameterizations have greatly aided our knowledge of the turbulent mixing in the open ocean. In this study, we introduce a modified finescale parameterization (MMG) based on shear/strain variance ratio Rω and compare it with three existing parameterizations, namely, the MacKinnon–Gregg (MG) parameterization, the Gregg–Henyey–Polzin (GHP) parameterization based on shear and strain variances, and the GHP pa

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Kim, Ah-Hyun, Seong Soo Yum, Dong Yeong Chang, and Minsu Park. "Optimization of the sulfate aerosol hygroscopicity parameter in WRF-Chem." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 259–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-259-2021.

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Abstract. A new sulfate aerosol hygroscopicity parameter (κSO4) parameterization is suggested that is capable of considering the two major sulfate aerosols, H2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4, using the molar ratio of ammonium to sulfate (R). An alternative κSO4 parameterization method is also suggested that utilizes typical geographical distribution patterns of sulfate and ammonium, which can be used when ammonium data are not available for model calculation. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), the impacts of different κSO4 parameterizations on cloud microphys

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Kok, J. F., N. M. Mahowald, S. Albani, G. Fratini, J. A. Gillies, M. Ishizuka, J. F. Leys, et al. "An improved dust emission model with insights into the global dust cycle's climate sensitivity." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 5 (March 11, 2014): 6361–425. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-6361-2014.

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Abstract. Simulations of the global dust cycle and its interactions with a changing Earth system are hindered by the empirical nature of dust emission parameterizations in climate models. Here we take a step towards improving global dust cycle simulations by presenting a physically-based dust emission model. The resulting dust flux parameterization depends only on the wind friction speed and the soil's threshold friction speed, and can therefore be readily implemented into climate models. We show that our parameterization's functional form is supported by a compilation of quality-controlled ve

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Moon, Il-Ju, Isaac Ginis, and Tetsu Hara. "Impact of the Reduced Drag Coefficient on Ocean Wave Modeling under Hurricane Conditions." Monthly Weather Review 136, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 1217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007mwr2131.1.

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Abstract Effects of new drag coefficient (Cd) parameterizations on WAVEWATCH III (WW3) model surface wave simulations are investigated. The new parameterizations are based on a coupled wind–wave model (CWW) and a wave tank experiment, and yields reduced Cd at high wind speeds. Numerical experiments for uniform winds and Hurricane Katrina (2005) indicate that the original Cd parameterization used in WW3 overestimates drag at high wind speeds compared to recent observational, theoretical, and numerical modeling results. Comparisons with buoy measurements during Hurricane Katrina demonstrate that

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da Silva, Nuno V., Andrew Ratcliffe, Vetle Vinje, and Graham Conroy. "A new parameter set for anisotropic multiparameter full-waveform inversion and application to a North Sea data set." GEOPHYSICS 81, no. 4 (July 2016): U25—U38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0349.1.

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Parameterization lies at the center of anisotropic full-waveform inversion (FWI) with multiparameter updates. This is because FWI aims to update the long and short wavelengths of the perturbations. Thus, it is important that the parameterization accommodates this. Recently, there has been an intensive effort to determine the optimal parameterization, centering the fundamental discussion mainly on the analysis of radiation patterns for each one of these parameterizations, and aiming to determine which is best suited for multiparameter inversion. We have developed a new parameterization in the s

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Burlingame, Bryan M., Clark Evans, and Paul J. Roebber. "The Influence of PBL Parameterization on the Practical Predictability of Convection Initiation during the Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX)." Weather and Forecasting 32, no. 3 (May 19, 2017): 1161–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-16-0174.1.

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Abstract This study evaluates the influence of planetary boundary layer parameterization on short-range (0–15 h) convection initiation (CI) forecasts within convection-allowing ensembles that utilize subsynoptic-scale observations collected during the Mesoscale Predictability Experiment. Three cases, 19–20 May, 31 May–1 June, and 8–9 June 2013, are considered, each characterized by a different large-scale flow pattern. An object-based method is used to verify and analyze CI forecasts. Local mixing parameterizations have, relative to nonlocal mixing parameterizations, higher probabilities of de

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Huang, Hsin-Yuan, Alex Hall, and Joao Teixeira. "Evaluation of the WRF PBL Parameterizations for Marine Boundary Layer Clouds: Cumulus and Stratocumulus." Monthly Weather Review 141, no. 7 (July 1, 2013): 2265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-12-00292.1.

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Abstract The performance of five boundary layer parameterizations in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model is examined for marine boundary layer cloud regions running in single-column mode. Most parameterizations show a poor agreement of the vertical boundary layer structure when compared with large-eddy simulation models. These comparisons against large-eddy simulation show that a parameterization based on the eddy-diffusivity/mass-flux approach provides a better performance. The results also illustrate the key role of boundary layer parameterizations in model performance.

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Richter, Jadwiga H., Fabrizio Sassi, and Rolando R. Garcia. "Toward a Physically Based Gravity Wave Source Parameterization in a General Circulation Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 136–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jas3112.1.

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Abstract Middle atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) must employ a parameterization for small-scale gravity waves (GWs). Such parameterizations typically make very simple assumptions about gravity wave sources, such as uniform distribution in space and time or an arbitrarily specified GW source function. The authors present a configuration of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) that replaces the arbitrarily specified GW source spectrum with GW source parameterizations. For the nonorographic wave sources, a frontal system and convective GW source parameterization are u

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Hendricks, Eric A., Jason C. Knievel, and Yi Wang. "Addition of Multilayer Urban Canopy Models to a Nonlocal Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterization and Evaluation Using Ideal and Real Cases." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 59, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 1369–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-19-0142.1.

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AbstractThe multilayer urban canopy models (UCMs) building effect parameterization (BEP) and BEP + building energy model (BEM; a building energy model integrated in BEP) are added to the Yonsei University (YSU) planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The additions allow for the first analysis of the detailed effects of buildings on the urban boundary layer in a nonlocal closure scheme. The modified YSU PBL parameterization is compared with the other 1.5-order local PBL parameterizations that predict turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), Me

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Sikma, M., and H. G. Ouwersloot. "Parameterizations for convective transport in various cloud-topped boundary layers." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 18 (September 23, 2015): 10399–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10399-2015.

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Abstract. We investigate the representation of convective transport of atmospheric compounds by boundary layer clouds. We focus on three key parameterizations that, when combined, express this transport: the area fraction of transporting clouds, the upward velocity in the cloud cores and the chemical concentrations at cloud base. The first two parameterizations combined represent the kinematic mass flux by clouds. To investigate the key parameterizations under a wide range of conditions, we use large-eddy simulation model data for 10 meteorological situations, characterized by either shallow c

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Resseguier, Valentin, Wei Pan, and Baylor Fox-Kemper. "Data-driven versus self-similar parameterizations for stochastic advection by Lie transport and location uncertainty." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 27, no. 2 (April 16, 2020): 209–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-27-209-2020.

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Abstract. Stochastic subgrid parameterizations enable ensemble forecasts of fluid dynamic systems and ultimately accurate data assimilation (DA). Stochastic advection by Lie transport (SALT) and models under location uncertainty (LU) are recent and similar physically based stochastic schemes. SALT dynamics conserve helicity, whereas LU models conserve kinetic energy (KE). After highlighting general similarities between LU and SALT frameworks, this paper focuses on their common challenge: the parameterization choice. We compare uncertainty quantification skills of a stationary heterogeneous dat

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Yamada, Kou, Iwanori Murakami, Yoshinori Ando, Takaaki Hagiwara, Da Zhi Gong, Yuki Nakui, and Tatsuya Sakanushi. "The Parameterization of All Disturbance Observers for Discrete-Time Plants with Input Disturbance." Key Engineering Materials 497 (December 2011): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.497.197.

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Disturbance observers have been used to estimate the disturbance in the plant. Several paperson design methods of disturbance observers have been published. Recently, the parameterizationof all disturbance observers for discrete-time plants with any output disturbance was clarified. However,no paper examines the parameterization of all disturbance observers for discrete-time plants withany input disturbance. In this paper, we clarify existance conditions of a disturbance observer and ofa linear functional disturbance observer for discrete-time plants with any input disturbance. Underthese cond

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Shi, Xiaoxu, Dirk Notz, Jiping Liu, Hu Yang, and Gerrit Lohmann. "Sensitivity of Northern Hemisphere climate to ice–ocean interface heat flux parameterizations." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): 4891–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4891-2021.

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Abstract. We investigate the impact of three different parameterizations of ice–ocean heat exchange on modeled sea ice thickness, sea ice concentration, and water masses. These three parameterizations are (1) an ice bath assumption with the ocean temperature fixed at the freezing temperature; (2) a two-equation turbulent heat flux parameterization with ice–ocean heat exchange depending linearly on the temperature difference between the underlying ocean and the ice–ocean interface, whose temperature is kept at the freezing point of the seawater; and (3) a three-equation turbulent heat flux appr

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de la Sen, M. "Global Stability of Polytopic Linear Time-Varying Dynamic Systems under Time-Varying Point Delays and Impulsive Controls." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2010 (2010): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/693958.

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This paper investigates the stability properties of a class of dynamic linear systems possessing several linear time-invariant parameterizations (or configurations) which conform a linear time-varying polytopic dynamic system with a finite number of time-varying time-differentiable point delays. The parameterizations may be timevarying and with bounded discontinuities and they can be subject to mixed regular plus impulsive controls within a sequence of time instants of zero measure. The polytopic parameterization for the dynamics associated with each delay is specific, so that(q+1)polytopic pa

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Thayer-Calder, K., A. Gettelman, C. Craig, S. Goldhaber, P. A. Bogenschutz, C. C. Chen, H. Morrison, et al. "A unified parameterization of clouds and turbulence using CLUBB and subcolumns in the Community Atmosphere Model." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2015): 3801–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3801-2015.

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Abstract. Most global climate models parameterize separate cloud types using separate parameterizations. This approach has several disadvantages, including obscure interactions between parameterizations and inaccurate triggering of cumulus parameterizations. Alternatively, a unified cloud parameterization uses one equation set to represent all cloud types. Such cloud types include stratiform liquid and ice cloud, shallow convective cloud, and deep convective cloud. Vital to the success of a unified parameterization is a general interface between clouds and microphysics. One such interface invo

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Madi, Raneem, Gerrit Huibert de Rooij, Henrike Mielenz, and Juliane Mai. "Parametric soil water retention models: a critical evaluation of expressions for the full moisture range." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 2 (February 12, 2018): 1193–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1193-2018.

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Abstract. Few parametric expressions for the soil water retention curve are suitable for dry conditions. Furthermore, expressions for the soil hydraulic conductivity curves associated with parametric retention functions can behave unrealistically near saturation. We developed a general criterion for water retention parameterizations that ensures physically plausible conductivity curves. Only 3 of the 18 tested parameterizations met this criterion without restrictions on the parameters of a popular conductivity curve parameterization. A fourth required one parameter to be fixed. We estimated pa

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Ochoa, José, Julio Sheinbaum, and Aleph Jiménez. "Lateral Friction in Reduced-Gravity Models: Parameterizations Consistent with Energy Dissipation and Conservation of Angular Momentum." Journal of Physical Oceanography 41, no. 10 (October 1, 2011): 1894–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jpo4599.1.

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Abstract The f-plane reduced-gravity model has been extended with the parameterization of lateral friction in the momentum equations. The parameterization should preferably fulfill some requisites. One of them is that in the absence of external torques the change in angular momentum should be determined by boundary conditions alone. Internal torques should balance in the angular momentum budget. This requirement is fulfilled when the parameterization in the vertically integrated momentum equations is the divergence of a symmetric stress tensor. These equations solve for the mean transport, whi

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Thayer-Calder, K., A. Gettelman, C. Craig, S. Goldhaber, P. A. Bogenschutz, C. C. Chen, H. Morrison, et al. "A unified parameterization of clouds and turbulence using CLUBB and subcolumns in the Community Atmosphere Model." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 8, no. 6 (June 30, 2015): 5041–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-8-5041-2015.

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Abstract. Most global climate models parameterize separate cloud types using separate parameterizations. This approach has several disadvantages, including obscure interactions between parameterizations and inaccurate triggering of cumulus parameterizations. Alternatively, a unified cloud parameterization uses one equation set to represent all cloud types. Such cloud types include stratiform liquid and ice cloud, shallow convective cloud, and deep convective cloud. Vital to the success of a unified parameterization is a general interface between clouds and microphysics. One such interface invo

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Yamada, Kou, Iwanori Murakami, Yoshinori Ando, Takaaki Hagiwara, Yoichi Imai, Da Zhi Gong, and Satoshi Aoyama. "The Parameterization of all Disturbance Observers for Plants with State Disturbance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 36 (October 2010): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.36.263.

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In this paper, we examine the parameterization of all disturbance observers for plants with any state disturbance. The disturbance observers have been used to estimate the disturbance in the plant. Several papers on design methods of disturbance observers have been published. Recently, the parameterizations of all disturbance observers for plants with any output disturbance and all disturbance observers for plants with any input disturbance were clarified. However, no paper examines the parameterization of all disturbance observers for plants with any state disturbance. In this paper, we propo

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Guo, Feng Hua. "A New Piecewise Rational Reparameterization Method." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 3057–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.3057.

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A new piecewise rational re-parameterization of a polynomial curve is presented. The method relies on a parametric polygonal decomposition method. With the proposed piecewise rational re-parameterization method, the optimal parameterization can be reached, and the optimal parameterizations asymptotic convergence to the arc-length parameterization is analyzed. Computing instances demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed method.

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Valmassoi, Arianna, Jimy Dudhia, Silvana Di Sabatino, and Francesco Pilla. "Evaluation of three new surface irrigation parameterizations in the WRF-ARW v3.8.1 model: the Po Valley (Italy) case study." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 7 (July 14, 2020): 3179–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3179-2020.

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Abstract. Irrigation is a method of land management that can affect the local climate. Recent literature shows that it affects mostly the near-surface variables and it is associated with an irrigation cooling effect. However, there is no common parameterization that also accounts for a realistic water amount, and this factor could ascribe one cause to the different impacts found in previous studies. This work aims to introduce three new surface irrigation parameterizations within the WRF-ARW model (v3.8.1) that consider different evaporative processes. The parameterizations are tested on one o

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Zhu, Meilin, Tandong Yao, Wei Yang, Baiqing Xu, and Xiaojun Wang. "Evaluation of Parameterizations of Incoming Longwave Radiation in the High-Mountain Region of the Tibetan Plateau." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 56, no. 4 (April 2017): 833–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-16-0189.1.

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AbstractAccurate evaluations of incoming longwave radiation (Lin) parameterization have practical implications for glacier and river runoff changes in high-mountain regions of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). To identify potential means of accurately predicting spatiotemporal variations in Lin, 13 clear-sky parameterizations combined with 10 cloud corrections for all-sky atmospheric emissivity were evaluated at five sites in high-mountain regions of the TP through temporal and spatial parameter transfer tests. Most locally calibrated parameterizations for clear-sky and all-sky conditions performed we

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Khan, Tanvir R., and Judith A. Perlinger. "Evaluation of five dry particle deposition parameterizations for incorporation into atmospheric transport models." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 10 (October 25, 2017): 3861–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3861-2017.

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Abstract. Despite considerable effort to develop mechanistic dry particle deposition parameterizations for atmospheric transport models, current knowledge has been inadequate to propose quantitative measures of the relative performance of available parameterizations. In this study, we evaluated the performance of five dry particle deposition parameterizations developed by Zhang et al. (2001) (Z01), Petroff and Zhang (2010) (PZ10), Kouznetsov and Sofiev (2012) (KS12), Zhang and He (2014) (ZH14), and Zhang and Shao (2014) (ZS14), respectively. The evaluation was performed in three dimensions: mo

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Niemand, Monika, Ottmar Möhler, Bernhard Vogel, Heike Vogel, Corinna Hoose, Paul Connolly, Holger Klein, et al. "A Particle-Surface-Area-Based Parameterization of Immersion Freezing on Desert Dust Particles." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 10 (April 30, 2012): 3077–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0249.1.

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Abstract In climate and weather models, the quantitative description of aerosol and cloud processes relies on simplified assumptions. This contributes major uncertainties to the prediction of global and regional climate change. Therefore, models need good parameterizations for heterogeneous ice nucleation by atmospheric aerosols. Here the authors present a new parameterization of immersion freezing on desert dust particles derived from a large number of experiments carried out at the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) cloud chamber facility. The parameterization is valid

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Lupascu, A., R. Easter, R. Zaveri, M. Shrivastava, M. Pekour, J. Tomlinson, Q. Yang, et al. "Modeling particle nucleation and growth over northern California during the 2010 CARES campaign." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 21 (November 6, 2015): 12283–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-12283-2015.

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Abstract. Accurate representation of the aerosol lifecycle requires adequate modeling of the particle number concentration and size distribution in addition to their mass, which is often the focus of aerosol modeling studies. This paper compares particle number concentrations and size distributions as predicted by three empirical nucleation parameterizations in the Weather Research and Forecast coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) regional model using 20 discrete size bins ranging from 1 nm to 10 μm. Two of the parameterizations are based on H2SO4, while one is based on both H2SO4 and organic vap

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Cessi, Paola. "An Energy-Constrained Parameterization of Eddy Buoyancy Flux." Journal of Physical Oceanography 38, no. 8 (August 1, 2008): 1807–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jpo3812.1.

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Abstract A parameterization for eddy buoyancy fluxes for use in coarse-grid models is developed and tested against eddy-resolving simulations. The development is based on the assumption that the eddies are adiabatic (except near the surface) and the observation that the flux of buoyancy is affected by barotropic, depth-independent eddies. Like the previous parameterizations of Gent and McWilliams (GM) and Visbeck et al. (VMHS), the horizontal flux of a tracer is proportional to the local large-scale horizontal gradient of the tracer through a transfer coefficient assumed to be given by the pro

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Demaeyer, Jonathan, and Stéphane Vannitsem. "Comparison of stochastic parameterizations in the framework of a coupled ocean–atmosphere model." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 25, no. 3 (August 30, 2018): 605–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-25-605-2018.

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Abstract. A new framework is proposed for the evaluation of stochastic subgrid-scale parameterizations in the context of the Modular Arbitrary-Order Ocean-Atmosphere Model (MAOOAM), a coupled ocean–atmosphere model of intermediate complexity. Two physically based parameterizations are investigated – the first one based on the singular perturbation of Markov operators, also known as homogenization. The second one is a recently proposed parameterization based on Ruelle's response theory. The two parameterizations are implemented in a rigorous way, assuming however that the unresolved-scale relev

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Rennolls, Keith, and Mingliang Wang. "A new parameterization of Johnson's SB distribution with application to fitting forest tree diameter data." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-006.

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The SB distributional model of Johnson's 1949 paper was introduced by a transformation to normality, that is, z ~ N(0, 1), consisting of a linear scaling to the range (0, 1), a logit transformation, and an affine transformation, z = γ + δu. The model, in its original parameterization, has often been used in forest diameter distribution modelling. In this paper, we define the SB distribution in terms of the inverse transformation from normality, including an initial linear scaling transformation, u = γ′ + δ′z (δ′ = 1/δ and γ′ = γ/δ). The SB model in terms of the new parameterization is derived

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Toro, Tatiana. "parameterizations." Duke Mathematical Journal 77, no. 1 (January 1995): 193–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/s0012-7094-95-07708-4.

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Wong, Anthony Y. H., Jeffrey A. Geddes, Amos P. K. Tai, and Sam J. Silva. "Importance of dry deposition parameterization choice in global simulations of surface ozone." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 22 (November 28, 2019): 14365–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14365-2019.

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Abstract. Dry deposition is a major sink of tropospheric ozone. Increasing evidence has shown that ozone dry deposition actively links meteorology and hydrology with ozone air quality. However, there is little systematic investigation on the performance of different ozone dry deposition parameterizations at the global scale and how parameterization choice can impact surface ozone simulations. Here, we present the results of the first global, multidecadal modelling and evaluation of ozone dry deposition velocity (vd) using multiple ozone dry deposition parameterizations. We model ozone dry depo

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Bonino, Giulia, Doroteaciro Iovino, Laurent Brodeau, and Simona Masina. "The bulk parameterizations of turbulent air–sea fluxes in NEMO4: the origin of sea surface temperature differences in a global model study." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 17 (September 9, 2022): 6873–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-6873-2022.

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Abstract. Wind stress and turbulent heat fluxes are the major driving forces that modify the ocean dynamics and thermodynamics. In the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean general circulation model, these turbulent air–sea fluxes (TASFs) can critically impact the simulated ocean characteristics. This paper investigates how the various bulk parameterizations used to calculate turbulent air-sea fluxes in NEMOv4 can lead to substantial differences in the estimation of sea surface temperatures (SSTs). Specifically, we study the contributions of different aspects and assumptions

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Baran, Anthony J., Peter Hill, David Walters, Steven C. Hardiman, Kalli Furtado, Paul R. Field, and James Manners. "The Impact of Two Coupled Cirrus Microphysics–Radiation Parameterizations on the Temperature and Specific Humidity Biases in the Tropical Tropopause Layer in a Climate Model." Journal of Climate 29, no. 14 (July 5, 2016): 5299–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0821.1.

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Abstract The impact of two different coupled cirrus microphysics–radiation parameterizations on the zonally averaged temperature and humidity biases in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) of a Met Office climate model configuration is assessed. One parameterization is based on a linear coupling between a model prognostic variable, the ice mass mixing ratio qi, and the integral optical properties. The second is based on the integral optical properties being parameterized as functions of qi and temperature, Tc, where the mass coefficients (i.e., scattering and extinction) are parameterized as no

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Koppers, Gijs A. A., and Donal P. Murtagh. "Model studies of the influence of O2 photodissociation parameterizations in the Schumann-Runge bands on ozone related photolysis in the upper atmosphere." Annales Geophysicae 14, no. 1 (January 31, 1996): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0068-9.

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Abstract. A new parameterization for atmospheric transmission and O2 photodissociation in the Schumann-Runge band region has been developed and tested with a 1D radiative-photochemical model. The parameterization is based on the O2-column along the line of sight to the Sun and the local temperature. Line-by-line calculations have served as a benchmark for testing this method and several other, commonly used, parameterizations. The comparisons suggest that differences between the line-by-line calculations and currently accepted parameterizations can be reduced significantly by using the new met

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Sikma, M., and H. G. Ouwersloot. "Parameterizations for convective transport in various cloud-topped boundary layers." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 7 (April 14, 2015): 10709–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-10709-2015.

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Abstract. We investigate the representation of convective transport of atmospheric compounds that can be applied in large-scale models. We focus on three key parameterizations that, when combined, express this transport: the area fraction of transporting clouds, the upward velocity in the cloud cores and the chemical concentrations at the cloud base. The first two parameterizations combined represent the mass flux by clouds. To investigate the key parameterizations under a wide range of conditions, we use Large-Eddy Simulation model data for 10 meteorological situations, characterized by eithe

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Lupascu, A., R. Easter, R. Zaveri, M. Shrivastava, M. Pekour, J. Tomlinson, Q. Yang, et al. "Modeling particle nucleation and growth over northern California during the 2010 CARES campaign." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 14 (July 20, 2015): 19729–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-19729-2015.

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Abstract. Accurate representation of the aerosol lifecycle requires adequate modeling of the particle number concentration and size distribution in addition to their mass, which is often the focus of aerosol modeling studies. This paper compares particle number concentrations and size distributions as predicted by three empirical nucleation parameterizations in the Weather Research and Forecast coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) regional model using 20 discrete size bins ranging from 1 nm to 10 μm. Two of the parameterizations are based on H2SO4 while one is based on both H2SO4 and organic vapo

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Arakawa, Akio, and Chien-Ming Wu. "A Unified Representation of Deep Moist Convection in Numerical Modeling of the Atmosphere. Part I." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 70, no. 7 (July 1, 2013): 1977–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-12-0330.1.

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Abstract A generalized framework for cumulus parameterization applicable to any horizontal resolution between those typically used in general circulation and cloud-resolving models is presented. It is pointed out that the key parameter in the generalization is σ, which is the fractional area covered by convective updrafts in the grid cell. Practically all conventional cumulus parameterizations assume σ ≪ 1, at least implicitly, using the gridpoint values of the thermodynamic variables to define the thermal structure of the cloud environment. The proposed framework, called “unified parameteriza

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Plant, R. S. "A review of the theoretical basis for bulk mass flux convective parameterization." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 6 (November 23, 2009): 24945–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-24945-2009.

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Abstract. Most parameterizations for precipitating convection in use today are bulk schemes, in which an ensemble of cumulus elements with different properties is modelled as a single, representative entraining-detraining plume. We review the underpinning mathematical model for such parameterizations, in particular by comparing it with spectral models in which elements are not combined into the representative plume. The chief merit of a bulk model is that the representative plume can be described by an equation set with the same structure as that which describes each element in a spectral mode

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Tagle, Felipe, Judith Berner, Mircea D. Grigoriu, Natalie M. Mahowald, and Gennady Samorodnitsky. "Temperature Extremes in the Community Atmosphere Model with Stochastic Parameterizations*." Journal of Climate 29, no. 1 (December 30, 2015): 241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0314.1.

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AbstractThis paper evaluates the performance of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4), in simulating observed annual extremes of near-surface temperature and provides the first assessment of the impact of stochastic parameterizations of subgrid-scale processes on such performance. Two stochastic parameterizations are examined: the stochastic kinetic energy backscatter scheme and the stochastically perturbed parameterization tendency scheme. Temperature extremes are described in terms of 20-yr return levels and compared to those estimated from ERA-Interim and the Hadley Centre G

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FERNANDES, Felipe Augusto, Édipo Menezes SILVA, Kelly Pereira LIMA, Sérgio Alberto JANE, Tales Jesus FERNANDES, and Joel Augusto MUNIZ. "PARAMETERIZATIONS OF THE VON BERTALANFFY MODEL FOR DESCRIPTION OF GROWTH CURVES." REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE BIOMETRIA 38, no. 3 (September 29, 2020): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.28951/rbb.v38i3.457.

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   The growth curves of animals, in general, have an “S” shape, also known as sigmoidal curves. This type of curve is well fitted by nonlinear regression models, including von Bertalanffy’s model, which has been widely applied in several areas, being presented in literature through different parameterizations, which in practice, can complicate its understanding, affect nonlinearity measures and inferences about parameters. To quantify the nonlinearity present in a Bates and Watts model, a geometric concept of curvature has been used. The aim of this work was to analytically d

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Curry, J. A., and V. I. Khvorostyanov. "Assessment of parameterizations of heterogeneous ice nucleation in cloud and climate models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 2 (February 3, 2010): 2669–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-2669-2010.

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Abstract. Several different types of parameterization of heterogeneous ice nucleation for cloud and climate models have been developed over the past decades, ranging from empirically-derived expressions to parameterizations of ice crystal nucleation rates derived from theory (including the parameterization developed by the authors, hereafter referred to as KC). Parameterizations schemes that address the deliquescence-freezing (DF), which combines the thermodynamically indistinguishable modes of condensation freezing and immersion freezing, are assessed here in the context of thermodynamic cons

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