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Academic literature on the topic 'Paramètre de régularisation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Paramètre de régularisation"
Sibille, P., and C. Defranoux-Igier. "Mise en oeuvre d'une technique de régularisation pour l'estimation de paramètres physiques : application à un banc d'essai électro-mécanique." J3eA 4 (2005): 015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bib-j3ea:2005715.
Full textChatonnet, Pascal, and Jean-Noël Boidron. "Incidence du traitement thermique du bois de chêne sur sa composition chimique. 1ere partie : définition des paramètres thermiques de la chauffe des fûts en tonnellerie." OENO One 23, no. 2 (June 30, 1989): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1989.23.2.1725.
Full textAuroux, D., L. Jaafar-Belaid, and B. Rjaibi. "Application of the topological gradient method to tomography." Revue Africaine de la Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées Volume 13 - 2010 - Special... (September 30, 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/arima.1939.
Full textNeveu, Emilie, Laurent Debreu, and François-Xavier Le Dimet. "Multigrid methods and data assimilation ― Convergence study and first experiments on non-linear equations." Revue Africaine de la Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées Volume 14 - 2011 - Special... (August 21, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/arima.1944.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Paramètre de régularisation"
Gérard, Anthony. "Bruit de raie des ventilateurs axiaux : Estimation des sources aéroacoustiques par modèles inverse et Méthodes de contrôle." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00162200.
Full textVaiter, Samuel. "Régularisations de Faible Complexité pour les Problèmes Inverses." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01026398.
Full textDesbat, Laurent. "Critères de choix des paramètres de régularisation : application à la déconvolution." Grenoble 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE10058.
Full textTran, Duc Toan. "Reconstruction de sollicitations dynamiques par méthodes inverses." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10146.
Full textIn the field of the engineering, knowing the load applied on the structure which allows to solve the direct problem of which the results are given the field of displacement and strain in a structure. It is possible to perform a dimensioning. However, sometimes this load must be identified a posteriori. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to measure this load. Thus, for example, we do not know a priori where it will be loaded, either it is not possible to place a sensor without damaging it or needs too much space. We then have to use indirect measures of displacement, strain, acceleration and then we are lead to solve the inverse problems which are generally an ill-posed. It is then necessary to add one (or more) conditions to obtain a unique and stable solution: it is the regularization of the problem. These techniques are well known and their development is due to the use of the singular value decomposition of the transfer matrix. However, they require the use of an additional parameter that weights this additional condition: the determination of this parameter is difficult. Few studies having been realized in way the usual regularization methods of (Tikhonov and truncation of the (G)SVD), in association with the various criteria for determining the regularization parameter and the various possible responses, we conducted a such work, to draw conclusions on the optimal methodology. It has been highlighted that the measurement of the acceleration associated with a criterion involving the derived signal to reconstruct generally gives the best results via the GCV criterion to determine the regularization parameter. These methods suppose that the location of the loading area is known. We also were interested to deduct this loading area while trying to reconstruct load that is identically zero. This identification was performed easily that has little load to identify compared to the number of measurements available. However such identification is difficult when there are no more measures than loads to identify. Finally we turned to the identification of loading with the plastic structure. We then tried to reconstruct the load assuming that the structure remains linear-elastic, while it was plasticized: we used the method of the double load and performed simulations using the software ls-dyna. The reconstructed load then shows a static component reflecting the residual strain in the structure. In this case, the response used to identify the load is a strain in a non-plasticized zone
Dejean-Viellard, Catherine. "Etude des techniques de régularisation en radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d'intensité et évaluation quantitative des distributions de dose optimales." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30195.
Full textNus, Ludivine. "Méthodes rapides de traitement d’images hyperspectrales. Application à la caractérisation en temps réel du matériau bois." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0163/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation addresses the problem of on-line unmixing of hyperspectral images acquired by a pushbroom imaging system, for real-time characterization of wood. The first part of this work proposes an on-line mixing model based on non-negative matrix factorization. Based on this model, three algorithms for on-line sequential unmixing, using multiplicative update rules, the Nesterov optimal gradient and the ADMM optimization (Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers), respectively, are developed. These algorithms are specially designed to perform the unmixing in real time, at the pushbroom imager acquisition rate. In order to regularize the estimation problem (generally ill-posed), two types of constraints on the endmembers are used: a minimum dispersion constraint and a minimum volume constraint. A method for the unsupervised estimation of the regularization parameter is also proposed, by reformulating the on-line hyperspectral unmixing problem as a bi-objective optimization. In the second part of this manuscript, we propose an approach for handling the variation in the number of sources, i.e. the rank of the decomposition, during the processing. Thus, the previously developed on-line algorithms are modified, by introducing a hyperspectral library learning stage as well as sparse constraints allowing to select only the active sources. Finally, the third part of this work consists in the application of these approaches to the detection and the classification of the singularities of wood
Seyed, Aghamiry Seyed Hossein. "Imagerie sismique multi-paramètre par reconstruction de champs d'ondes : apport de la méthode des multiplicateurs de Lagrange avec directions alternées (ADMM) et des régularisations hybrides." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4090.
Full textFull Waveform Inversion (FWI) is a PDE-constrained optimization which reconstructs subsurface parameters from sparse measurements of seismic wavefields. FWI generally relies on local optimization techniques and a reduced-space approach where the wavefields are eliminated from the variables. In this setting, two bottlenecks of FWI are nonlinearity and ill-posedness. One source of nonlinearity is cycle skipping, which drives the inversion to spurious minima when the starting subsurface model is not kinematically accurate enough. Ill-posedness can result from incomplete subsurface illumination, noise and parameter cross-talks. This thesis aims to mitigate these pathologies with new optimization and regularization strategies. I first improve the wavefield reconstruction method (WRI). WRI extends the FWI search space by computing wavefields with a relaxation of the wave equation to match the data from inaccurate parameters. Then, the parameters are updated by minimizing wave equation errors with either alternating optimization or variable projection. In the former case, WRI breaks down FWI into to linear subproblems thanks to wave equation bilinearity. WRI was initially implemented with a penalty method, which requires a tedious adaptation of the penalty parameter in iterations. Here, I replace the penalty method by the alternating-direction method of multipliers (ADMM). I show with numerical examples how ADMM conciliates the search space extension and the accuracy of the solution at the convergence point with fixed penalty parameters thanks to the dual ascent update of the Lagrange multipliers. The second contribution is the implementation of bound constraints and non smooth Total Variation (TV) regularization in ADMM-based WRI. Following the Split Bregman method, suitable auxiliary variables allow for the de-coupling of the ℓ1 and ℓ2 subproblems, the former being solved efficiently with proximity operators. Then, I combine Tikhonov and TV regularizations by infimal convolution to account for the different statistical properties of the subsurface (smoothness and blockiness). At the next step, I show the ability of sparse promoting regularization in reconstruction the model when ultralong offset sparse fixed-spread acquisition such as those carried out with OBN are used. This thesis continues with the extension of the ADMM-based WRI to multiparameter reconstruction in vertical transversely isotropic (VTI) acoustic media. I first show that the bilinearity of the wave equation is satisfied for the elastodynamic equations. I discuss the joint reconstruction of the vertical wavespeed and epsilon in VTI media. Second, I develop ADMM-based WRI for attenuation imaging, where I update wavefield, squared-slowness, and attenuation in an alternating mode since viscoacoustic wave equation can be approximated, with a high degree of accuracy, as a multilinear equation. This alternating solving provides the necessary flexibility to taylor the regularization to each parameter class and invert large data sets. Then, I overcome some limitations of ADMM-based WRI when a crude initial model is used. In this case, the reconstructed wavefields are accurate only near the receivers. The inaccuracy of phase of the wavefields may be the leading factor which drives the inversion towards spurious minimizers. To mitigate the role of the phase during the early iterations, I update the parameters with phase retrieval, a process which reconstructs a signal from magnitude of linear mesurements. This approach combined with efficient regularizations leads to more accurate reconstruction of the shallow structure, which is decisive to drive ADMM-based WRI toward good solutions at higher frequencies. The last part of this PhD is devoted to time-domain WRI, where a challenge is to perform accurate wavefield reconstruction with acceptable computational cost
Marteau, Clément. "Recherche d'inégalités oracles pour des problèmes inverses." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00384095.
Full textoracle permet de comparer, sans aucune hypothèse sur la fonction cible $f$ et d'un point de vue non-asymptotique, les performances de $f^{\star}$ à celles du meilleur estimateur dans $\Lambda$
connaissant $f$. Dans l'optique d'obtenir de telles inégalités, cette thèse s'articule autour de deux objectifs: une meilleure compréhension des problèmes inverses lorsque l'opérateur est
mal-connu et l'extension de l'algorithme de minimisation de l'enveloppe du risque (RHM) à un domaine d'application plus large.
La connaissance complète de l'opérateur A est en effet une hypothèse implicite dans la plupart des méthodes existantes. Il est cependant raisonnable de penser que ce dernier puisse être en partie, voire totalement inconnu. Dans un premier temps, nous généralisons donc la méthode de Stein par blocs pénalisée ainsi que l'algorithme RHM à cette situation. Ce dernier, initié par L. Cavalier et Y. Golubev, améliore considérablement les performances de la traditionnelle méthode d'estimation du risque sans biais. Cependant, cette nouvelle procédure ne concerne que les estimateurs par projection. En pratique, ces derniers sont souvent moins performants que les estimateurs de Tikhonov ou les procédures itératives, dans un certain sens beaucoup plus fines. Dans la dernière partie, nous étendons donc l'utilisation de l'enveloppe du risque à une gamme beaucoup plus large d'estimateurs.
Tardivel, Patrick. "Représentation parcimonieuse et procédures de tests multiples : application à la métabolomique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30316/document.
Full textLet Y be a Gaussian vector distributed according to N (m,sigma²Idn) and X a matrix of dimension n x p with Y observed, m unknown, sigma and X known. In the linear model, m is assumed to be a linear combination of the columns of X In small dimension, when n ≥ p and ker (X) = 0, there exists a unique parameter Beta* such that m = X Beta*; then we can rewrite Y = Beta* + Epsilon. In the small-dimensional linear Gaussian model framework, we construct a new multiple testing procedure controlling the FWER to test the null hypotheses Beta*i = 0 for i belongs to [[1,p]]. This procedure is applied in metabolomics through the freeware ASICS available online. ASICS allows to identify and to qualify metabolites via the analyse of RMN spectra. In high dimension, when n < p we have ker (X) ≠ 0 consequently the parameter Beta* described above is no longer unique. In the noiseless case when Sigma = 0, implying thus Y = m, we show that the solutions of the linear system of equation Y = X Beta having a minimal number of non-zero components are obtained via the lalpha with alpha small enough
Pascal, Barbara. "Estimation régularisée d'attributs fractals par minimisation convexe pour la segmentation de textures : formulations variationnelles conjointes, algorithmes proximaux rapides et sélection non supervisée des paramètres de régularisation; Applications à l'étude du frottement solide et de la microfluidique des écoulements multiphasiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN042.
Full textIn this doctoral thesis several scale-free texture segmentation procedures based on two fractal attributes, the Hölder exponent, measuring the local regularity of a texture, and local variance, are proposed.A piecewise homogeneous fractal texture model is built, along with a synthesis procedure, providing images composed of the aggregation of fractal texture patches with known attributes and segmentation. This synthesis procedure is used to evaluate the proposed methods performance.A first method, based on the Total Variation regularization of a noisy estimate of local regularity, is illustrated and refined thanks to a post-processing step consisting in an iterative thresholding and resulting in a segmentation.After evidencing the limitations of this first approach, deux segmentation methods, with either "free" or "co-located" contours, are built, taking in account jointly the local regularity and the local variance.These two procedures are formulated as convex nonsmooth functional minimization problems.We show that the two functionals, with "free" and "co-located" penalizations, are both strongly-convex. and compute their respective strong convexity moduli.Several minimization schemes are derived, and their convergence speed are compared.The segmentation performance of the different methods are evaluated over a large amount of synthetic data in configurations of increasing difficulty, as well as on real world images, and compared to state-of-the-art procedures, including convolutional neural networks.An application for the segmentation of multiphasic flow through a porous medium experiment images is presented.Finally, a strategy for automated selection of the hyperparameters of the "free" and "co-located" functionals is built, inspired from the SURE estimator of the quadratic risk