Academic literature on the topic 'Paramnesia reduplicativa'

Los síndromes de falsa identificación delusional (SFID) constituyen un cuadro clínico relativamente frecuente en la casuística psiquiátrica aunque la paramnesia reduplicativa (PR) se ha atribuido con más frecuencia a causas de tipo orgánico cerebral. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia paranoide, que desarrolló paramnesia reduplicativa afirmando que poseía dos domicilios iguales, uno verdadero y otro falso -copia del primero-, pero en este último no podía respirar porque no disponía de aire. Dentro de una breve revisión de la literatura respectiva, hallamos progresos en la explicación neurobiológica de la PR, sobre todo a partir del fenómeno hallado en pacientes con organicidad cerebral, sin embargo subsisten preguntas que pueden requerir una concepción más abarcativa de este síntoma en cuanto manifestación psicótica de la esquizofrenia.

Background:Environmental reduplication which is characterized by reduplication of places has been reported in right hemispheric lesions, particularly but not only in the right frontal region. However, spatial delirium may follow right sub-cortical lesions.Methods:We describe a 53 years-old man who had a reduplicative paramnesia for event alone after an intracerebral haematoma of the right caudate nucleus.Results:MRI Scan showed also an extension of the right caudate nucleus haemorrhage into the ventricular system. Regional cerebral blood flow studied with 99Tcm-HMPAO showed a decrease of perfusion in the right dorso-lateral frontal cortex. To our knowledge, we reported the first case of reduplicative paramnesia of event associated with a right caudate nucleus injury. Similar right frontal deactivation was observed in two cases of reduplicative paramnesia for place, one of them after an infarction of the retro-lenticular portion of the right internal capsulae, the other after a right thalamo-capsular haemorrhage.Conclusion:We suggest that reduplicative paramnesia for event, like the previous cases reported of reduplicative paramnesia for place, may be linked to a subcortical lesion of the frontal lobe inducing a right functional frontal deactivation.

An elderly woman developed the delusion that she was dead (‘Cotard's delusion’) and that she was in another place (‘reduplicative paramnesia’). Charles Bonnet reported this unique combination of symptoms a century before Cotard's influential description of the nihilistic delusions and of Pick's description of ‘reduplicative paramnesia’.

A schizophrenic patient with different forms of experiences of inappropriate familiarity is described. The authors discuss traumatic experiences as aetiological factors in déjà vu experiences and reduplicative paramnesia. Finally, the differential diagnostic problem in psychotic and dissociative phenomena is stressed.

A case of Capgras' Syndrome secondary to an Organic Mental Disorder associated with metrizamide myelography is presented. The relationship of Capgras' symptom to reduplicative paramnesia and prosopagnosia is discussed.

Introduzione La sindrome di Capgras (CS) è caratterizzata dalla ferma convinzione che una o più persone familiari, siano state sostituite da impostori, che sono fisicamente molto simili all’originale. La paramnesia reduplicativa per i luoghi (RP) è caratterizzata dalla convinzione che un luogo sia stato duplicato, esistendo contemporaneamente in due luoghi. CS e RP, sono state tradizionalmente considerate come il risultato di un conflitto psicodinamico, ma in seguito alla descrizione di numerosi casi ad eziologia organica, sono state ipotizzate basi neuropsicologiche. Il presente studio si propone di chiarire tali ipotesi approfondendo i diversi domini neuropsicologici. Materiali e Metodi Sono stati inclusi 14 pazienti affetti da Demenza con corpi di Lewy (LBD), 14 pazienti con Malattia di Alzheimer (AD), e 14 soggetti di controllo esenti da patologie neuro-psichiatriche. Sono stati eseguiti due lavori sperimentali: nell’indagine sulla CS, il gruppo LBD era formato da 8 pazienti con CS e 6 privi di tale sindrome., nell’indagine sulla PR, il gruppo LBD era formato da 7 pazienti con PR e 7 privi di tale sindrome. La batteria costruita (prove con i volti per l’indagine sulla CS e prove con gli edifici per la PR) esplora differenti domini neuropsicologici: Abilità percettive: analizzate attraverso i test di identificazione di genere, identificazione di età, discriminazione percettiva di volti, associazione di edifici nella stessa prospettiva, associazione di edifici in prospettiva diversa. Riconoscimento di familiarità: analizzato attraverso i test di riconoscimento di volti familiari, discriminazione di volti famosi, riconoscimento di edifici familiari (esternamente), riconoscimento di edifici familiari (internamente). Riconoscimento di emozioni del volto (solo per l’indagine sulla CS): studiato attraverso il test di associazione di emozioni. Risultati I pazienti affetti da LBD con CS e PR, rispetto ai soggetti con LBD privi di tali sindromi, commettono più errori nell’assegnare la familiarità ai volti ed edifici. (differenza statisticamente significativa). Diversamente, non sono state riscontrate differenze significative nelle prestazioni dei soggetti affetti da LBD con CS e PR, rispetto ai soggetti privi di deliri, nelle prove che esplorano le abilità visuopercettive e il riconoscimento di emozioni del volto. Discussione Questi risultati consentono di ipotizzare che le basi cognitive della CS e della RP sono da ricondurre ad una compromissione di attribuzione della familiarità.
Introduction Capgras syndrome (CS) is characterized by a delusional belief that one or few highly familiar people have been replaced by impostors who are physically very similar to the original/s. Reduplicative paramnesia of places (RP) is characterized by a delusional that place or location has been duplicated, existing in two or more places simultaneously. CS e RP were traditionally considered to have their origins in psychodynamic conflict, but following the description of many cases with organic aetiology, many potential neuropsychological basis have been suggested. The present study aims to clarify this issue by exploring different neuropsychological variables. Materials and Methods This study included 14 patients with Lewy body Dementia, 14 patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and 14 healthy individuals. Two experimental works have been performed: the survey on CS, the LBD group consisted of 8 patients with CS and 6 without this syndrome; the survey on PR, the LBD group consisted of 7 patients with PR and 7 without this syndrome. The battery (tests with faces designed for the investigation of the CS, and with buildings for the investigation of the PR) explored different neuropsychological domains: Perceptual ability: it was examined using tests of gender identity, age identification, perceptual discrimination of faces, buildings matching in the same perspective, buildings matching in different perspective. Familiarity recognition: it was examined using tests of familiar faces recognition, famous faces recognition, familiar buildings recognition (exterior), familiar buildings recognition (interior). Recognition of face emotions: it was examined using test of emotion matching. Results Patients with LBD, with CS and PR, commit more errors in assigning familiarity with the faces and buildings (statistically significant) compared with subjects with LBD without these syndromes. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the performance of patients with LBD with CS and PR, respectively, compared to those without delusions, in tests that explore visual perceptual skills and recognition of emotions of the face. Discussion This finding allows to posit that the potential basis for CP and RP, lies in an impairment of familiarity attribution.

Most clinicians would agree that confabulation is always accompanied by amnesia and lack of insight. But is this true? Do confabulating patients really need to have a gap in memory? This chapter explores the complex relation between confabulation and amnesia, disorientation, and false recognition and compares it with disorders provoking false statements about the current situation, the place, people, or one’s own health status, as it happens in disorders such as déjà vu, reduplicative paramnesia, Capgras and Fregoli syndromes, intermetamorphosis, and anosognosia. Elegant recent experiments have revealed a new mechanism of anosognosia for hemiplegia, but its status among confabulations remains disputable.

OBJETIVOS: Este póster tiene como fin describir dos casos clínicos de patología dual (psicosis y abuso de cannabis) de manera retrospectiva tras la intervención en un Programa de Primeros Episodios Psicóticos (PEP) mediante abordaje multidisciplinar durante los 12 primeros meses . SUJETOS E INTERVENCIONES: Se exponen dos casos en pacientes jóvenes con consumo diario de cannabis que presentaron un PEP a la edad de 17 años. Se trata de un varón diagnosticado de trastorno bipolar que debutó mediante un episodio maníaco con síntomas psicóticos, precisando ingreso hospitalario, y una mujer con un trastorno esquizofreniforme, que fue derivada al programa por clínica inicial de perplejidad, paramnesia reduplicativa y angustia psicótica, sin requerir estancia hospitalaria. Su tratamiento inicial fue, respectivamente, olanzapina y risperidona, que fueron sustituidos más tarde en el programa por lurasidona por presencia de efectos secundarios (sedación excesiva, aumento ponderal y síntomas extrapiramidales -crisis oculógiras-) y también por persistencia de sintomatología subsidiaria de mejora con el cambio de antipsicótico (estado subdepresivo en ambos y sintomatología negativa en la mujer). Se realizó un seguimiento quincenal de los pacientes, siendo la dosis de mantenimiento de ambos de 37mg/día. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Ambos pacientes se encontraban estables a nivel psicopatológico en las últimas revisiones, observándose una reducción del consumo de cannabis cuando mejoraba el tono anímico, incluso periodos de abstinencia con el tratamiento. Así, la cantidad de consumo puede suponer un marcador de descompensación psicopatológica y por ello es importante explorar los hábitos de consumo actuales periódicamente. Lurasidona ha sido efectiva en estos dos casos en la reducción de síntomas de la esfera psicótica contribuyendo en una mejor funcionalidad y una disminución del consumo de cannabis.