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Journal articles on the topic 'Paraneoplastic Syndromes/complications'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Naqvi, Syed Mohammad, Hashim Talib Hashim, Syed Yaseen Naqvi, et al. "Small cell lung cancer progressing into fatal ascending motor and sensory polyneuropathy despite dramatic response to chemotherapy: A case report." Medicine 104, no. 1 (2025): e41172. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000041172.

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Rationale: Paraneoplastic syndromes occur in 10% to 20% of all malignancies, with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes in less than 1% of all malignancies. In small cell lung cancer (SCLC), paraneoplastic manifestations are more common, affecting up to 5% of cases. Common manifestations include syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, Cushing’s syndrome due to adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Paraneoplastic acute motor and sensory polyneuropathy is an exceptionally rare but severe complicatio

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Maheshwari Nallur Siddaraju, Shivani B. Sonan, Kadeeja K S, et al. "Paraneoplastic Syndrome Associated Immune Complications: A Narrative Review of the Literature." Journal of Medical and Health Studies 5, no. 1 (2024): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2024.5.1.2.

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Paraneoplastic syndromes occur in cancer patients due to an alteration in their immune response. There are several factors that may result in the occurrence of paraneoplastic syndrome, including the presence of abnormal cytokines that cause widespread effects throughout the body. The paraneoplastic syndrome may be present in patients before a diagnosis of cancer, and thus, understanding it is crucial as it will help achieve a timely diagnosis, which may aid in improving the chance of treatment. It is associated with several complications/presentations in patients. In this review, we will discu

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Zekeridou, Anastasia. "Paraneoplastic Neurologic Disorders." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 30, no. 4 (2024): 1021–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000001449.

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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE This article reviews the clinical presentations, neural antibody associations, and oncologic accompaniments of paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes and neurologic autoimmunity in the context of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) cancer immunotherapy. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS Neural antibody discovery has improved the diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes. Neural antibodies also delineate the underlying disease pathophysiology and thus inform outcomes and treatments. Neural antibodies specific for extracellular proteins have pathogenic potential, whereas antibodies specif

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Körber, Andreas. "Paraneoplastische Syndrome in der Dermatologie - eine Übersicht." Kompass Dermatologie 6, no. 4 (2018): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492631.

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A number of paraneoplastic syndromes have been described with gynecological cancers. These syndromes are induced by substances secreted by the tumor or by an immune response triggered by the cancer. Each system of the human body can be affected by different syndromes. Indeed, paraneoplastic syndromes occurring from tumors of the gynecologic tract were found to involve the nervous, ophthalmologic, dermatologic, rheumatologic, endocrine, hematologic and renal systems. These syndromes can manifest before, at the time, or after the diagnosis of cancer. They can also occur at the time of a recurren

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Hsu, Hui-Ching, Tzu-Yao Liao, Dave Wei-Chih Chen, Yu-Hsiang Juan, and Chuang-Chi Liaw. "Avascular Necrosis of Bone following Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients with Coagulopathy: Report of Two Cases." Case Reports in Oncology 11, no. 1 (2018): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000488102.

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We report 2 cases of patients with solid tumors and coagulopathy who experienced avascular necrosis (AVN) of the bone following chemotherapy. Both cases exhibited nontraumatic bilateral AVN of the femoral heads, and one also showed bilateral AVN of the humeral heads. One case had multiple thromboembolic complications, including pulmonary obstructive syndrome and paraneoplastic pain. The other showed multiple paraneoplastic syndromes, with hypercalcemia and thrombocytosis. Groin pain and claudication of the lower extremities developed and persisted. Both patients eventually received bilateral h

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Amin, Anik, Enrique Chiu Han, Rumyar Ardakani, and Larry D. Anderson. "Unusual paraneoplastic neurological presentation associated with multiple myeloma." BMJ Case Reports 17, no. 12 (2024): e262469. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2024-262469.

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Various neurological complications can occur in multiple myeloma. We report a unique paraneoplastic neurological presentation that led to a multiple myeloma diagnosis. A man in his mid-40s experienced a 6-month progressive decline in vision and gait. Examination demonstrated an upper motor neuron pattern, while MRI showed bilateral corticospinal tractopathy and optic neuropathy. Workup led to a diagnosis of multiple myeloma, while other causes (eg, primary central nervous system demyelination, toxic-metabolic, degenerative) were ruled out. Paraneoplastic antibody panels were negative. There wa

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SUTTON, Ian, and John B. WINER. "The immunopathogenesis of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes." Clinical Science 102, no. 5 (2002): 475–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1020475.

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Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are rare non-metastatic complications of cancer that have an immune-mediated aetiology. The central and peripheral nervous systems are considered to be immune-privileged sites, since the presence of the ‘blood-brain/nerve barrier’ means that antigens sequestered within the nervous system do not normally induce an immune response. Aberrant expression of a neuronal antigen by a tumour arising outside this barrier can lead to the breakdown of immune tolerance to the nervous system. However, in many cases the immune mechanisms that result in neurological dysfu

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Mastropietro, Fabiola, Alessandra Piccini, Giulia Lucignani, Alfonso Rubino, and Giancarlo Fiermonte. "Atypical presentation of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL): a case report." Clinical Management Issues 8, no. 4 (2014): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/cmi.v8i4.942.

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Lymphomas infrequently cause peripheral nerve complications. These syndromes mostly occur by direct compression or infiltration of nerves (neurolymphomatosis), but may also be due to a remote effect as paraneoplastic syndromes, neurotoxic complications of chemotherapy, antibody-mediated or autoimmune mechanisms.We report the case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with a complex peripheral nervous system involvement as initial manifestation of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). This case sheds light on “protean” mechanism of peripheral nerve complications during the course of NHL and related diagno

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Popławska-Domaszewicz, Karolina, Jolanta Florczak-Wyspiańska, Wojciech Kozubski, and Sławomir Michalak. "Paraneoplastic movement disorders." Reviews in the Neurosciences 29, no. 7 (2018): 745–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2017-0081.

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Abstract Paraneoplastic movement disorders are rare, autoimmune-mediated, nonmetastatic complications of malignant neoplasms. Common paraneoplastic movement disorders include paraneoplastic chorea, dystonia, cerebellar degeneration, different types of encephalitis, opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, stiff person syndrome, and neuromyotonia. Syndromes usually develop before tumor diagnosis, have subacute onset, and are associated with serum or cerebrospinal fluid antibodies. Two types of antibodies can be distinguished: antibodies against nuclear and cytoplasmic neuronal antigens (anti-Hu, anti-Ri,

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Betcherman, Laura, and Angela Punnett. "Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Children with Hodgkin Lymphoma." Oncology & Hematology Review (US) 13, no. 01 (2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/ohr.2017.13.01.41.

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Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) refer to a phenomenon whereby certain malignancies manifest as symptoms not directly related to the tumor itself. PNS has been described in association with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in adults and children and may affect a number of organ systems. The pathophysiology is variable and in many cases is not well understood. Specific paraneoplastic antibodies have been isolated in some syndromes, though are not required for the diagnosis. The two best described for HL are the anti-Tr and anti-mGluR5 antibodies identified in some cases of limbic encephalitis and cerebellar

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Galli, Jonathan, and John Greenlee. "Paraneoplastic Diseases of the Central Nervous System." F1000Research 9 (March 6, 2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.21309.1.

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Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are nonmetastatic complications of malignancy secondary to immune-mediated neuronal dysfunction or death. Pathogenesis may occur from cell surface binding of antineuronal antibodies leading to dysfunction of the target protein, or from antibodies binding against intracellular antigens which ultimately leads to cell death. There are several classical neurological paraneoplastic phenotypes including subacute cerebellar degeneration, limbic encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, and dorsal sensory neuropathy. The patient’s clinical presentations may be suggestive t

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Vilmis, D. A. "Hematological manifestations of paraneoplastic syndromes in dogs." International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, no. 1 (April 2, 2024): 381–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2024.1.381.

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Hematological paraneoplastic syndromes are common but poorly studied complications in veterinary oncology, manifested by a variety of hematological changes associated with the system effects of malignant neoplasms on the animal's body. The article presents the results of studying hematological paraneoplastic syndromes, the research involves 131 dogs with spontaneous malignant neoplasms. We used a comprehensive methodological approach, including clinical, instrumental, morphological and hematological research methods. During the morphological study we found out that carcinomas were diagnosed in

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Kasi, Pashtoon Murtaza, Tina J. Hieken, and Tufia C. Haddad. "Unilateral Arm Urticaria Presenting as a Paraneoplastic Manifestation of Metachronous Bilateral Breast Cancer." Case Reports in Oncology 9, no. 1 (2016): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000443661.

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Various paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are reported to be associated with breast cancer and can range from mild dermatological symptoms to severe neurological complications. Neurological and dermatological manifestations tend to be the more commonly seen paraneoplastic manifestations, albeit both are relatively rare. Diagnosis of the underlying malignancy is often delayed since the presence and severity of paraneoplastic manifestations are not dependent on the tumor size or stage. Herein, we describe a unique case of unilateral arm urticaria presenting as a paraneoplastic manifestation of meta

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Zivaljevic, Milica, Svetlana Popovic, and Tamara Vujkov. "Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: A rare manifestation of paraneoplastic syndrome in ovarian cancer: Case report." Medical review 58, no. 9-10 (2005): 495–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0510495z.

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Introduction Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are rare non-metastatic complications of cancer that have an immune-mediated etiology. The Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a neuromuscular disorder, often associated with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), which is characterized by reduced quantal release of acetylcholine from the motor nerve terminals. Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome The Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS) is characterized by proximal muscle weakness initially affecting gait, autonomic symptoms (dry mouth, constipation, erectile failure) and augmentation of

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Chiatamone Ranieri, Sofia, Stefania Trasarti, Maria Antonietta Arleo, et al. "Aplastic Anemia and Good Syndrome in a Heavily Treated Stage IV Thymoma Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Hematology 2019 (November 12, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1910923.

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Thymoma is an uncommon slowly growing neoplasm. It usually presents with paraneoplastic syndromes including the immunodeficiency syndrome called Good syndrome and hematological disorders. Pure red cell aplasia is a well-recognized complication of thymoma, and aplastic anemia is very rare in association with GS. We report a case of GS in a heavily treated patient with stage IV thymoma associated with a pure red cell aplasia and an amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia that evolved into an AA and provide an up-to-date review of the relevant literature. This is the first case of the association of GS

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Meier, P. G., A. Ambresin, C. E. Thirkill, F.-X. Borruat, and A. Schalenbourg. "Paraneoplastic vitelliform retinopathy secondary to metastatic melanoma." Klinische Monatsblatter Fur Augenheilkunde 232, no. 4 (2015): 587–89. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1545754.

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Freitas, Raquel, and Maria M. Campos. "Protective Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cancer-Related Complications." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (2019): 945. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11050945.

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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered immunonutrients and are commonly used in the nutritional therapy of cancer patients due to their ample biological effects. Omega-3 PUFAs play essential roles in cell signaling and in the cell structure and fluidity of membranes. They participate in the resolution of inflammation and have anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. Additionally, they can act as agonists of G protein-coupled receptors, namely, GPR40/FFA1 and GPR120/FFA4. Cancer patients undergo complications, such as anorexia-cachexia syndrome, pain, depression, and p

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Yan, Jinhua, Zhongbo Chen, Yumei Liang, et al. "Anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibody-positive paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction in a small-cell lung cancer patient: a case report and literature review." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 12 (2020): 030006052097446. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520974466.

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Patients with anti-CV2/collapsin response mediator protein (CRMP)5 antibodies present with more frequent chorea, cerebellar ataxia, uveo/retinal symptoms, and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome or myasthenia gravis. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is an intestinal motility dysfunction disease dysmotility that is caused by a neuromuscular disease with recurrent or persistent intestinal obstruction in the absence of mechanical obstruction. We report the case of a patient with CRMP5 antibody-positive paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) that is associated with autonomic dysfunct

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Kopel, Jonathan, Pranav Sharma, Irfan Warriach, and Sriman Swarup. "Polycythemia with Renal Cell Carcinoma and Normal Erythropoietin Level." Case Reports in Urology 2019 (December 16, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3792514.

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A 61-year-old obese Caucasian male with past medical history of smoking, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and sleep apnea presented to the hematology clinic with polycythemia. Despite the newly-diagnosed polycythemia, the patient denied any significant symptoms or history of blood clots. Further evaluation with computerized tomography (CT) and ultrasound showed a large renal mass suspicious for renal cell carcinoma of the right kidney. An incidental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) measuring was also appreciated on imaging. Subsequent histological sections of the tumo

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Vasylieva, N. V., and I. I. Krychun. "PREGABALINS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC AND ALCOHOLIC POLYNEUROPATHY." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 21, no. 2 (2021): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.21.2.24.

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Diseases of the peripheral nervous system are ranking a leading position among other neurological nosologies. And polyneuropathy is known as more prevalent and severe disease. Numerous scientific reports highlight issues on different pathological conditions in relation to polyneuropathy, and in particular intoxications, hypovitaminosis (isolated or as complications of certain pathological processes), infectious and hereditary diseases, paraneoplastic syndromes, metabolic disorders, allergic reactions. These diseases when uncontrolled or untreated may result in the development of complications,

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Wu, Kevin Y., Yoel Yakobi, Diana D. Gueorguieva, and Éric Mazerolle. "Emerging Ocular Side Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review." Biomedicines 12, no. 11 (2024): 2547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12112547.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, offering significant improvements in patient survival across various malignancies. However, their use is associated with a broad spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including those affecting the eye and its surrounding structures, collectively termed ocular irAEs (OirAEs). Although rare, OirAEs (e.g., keratitis, uveitis, retinal vasculitis, etc.) can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life, leading to ocular complications if left untreated. This review provides a comprehensive overview of OirAEs a

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Vogrig, Alberto, Sergio Muñiz-Castrillo, Virginie Desestret, Bastien Joubert, and Jérôme Honnorat. "Pathophysiology of paraneoplastic and autoimmune encephalitis: genes, infections, and checkpoint inhibitors." Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders 13 (January 2020): 175628642093279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756286420932797.

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Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) are rare complications of systemic cancers that can affect all parts of the central and/or peripheral nervous system. A body of experimental and clinical data has demonstrated that the pathogenesis of PNSs is immune-mediated. Nevertheless, the mechanisms leading to immune tolerance breakdown in these conditions remain to be elucidated. Despite their rarity, PNSs offer a unique perspective to understand the complex interplay between cancer immunity, effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and mechanisms underlying the attack of neurons in anti

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Gromova, E. G. "Renal failure in patients with hematological malignancies (literature review)." Oncohematology 16, no. 4 (2021): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1818-8346-2021-16-4-59-63.

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Dysfunction of the natural detoxification organs remains a significant problem in patients with hematological malignancies. The reasons for the development of renal failure are associated with the individual characteristics of the malignant process, the patient’s comorbid background, the toxic effects of anticancer treatment and its complications. The efficacy of many anticancer drugs correlates with their dose, an increase in which is associated with increased toxic effects on healthy organs, including the kidneys. The main reasons for the renal failure development in hematological cancer pat

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Abed AlRaouf Kawtharani, Battoul Fakhry, and Abbass Serhan. "Longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis with sixth nerve palsy post ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine: A case report and literature review." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 2 (2021): 526–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.2.0613.

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Concurrently with the quick development of COVID-19 vaccines globally, concerns about vaccination efficacy and safety are rising. Neurological complications such as transverse myelitis (TM) are major worries because they can cause lifelong disabilities, which may require long term care. Here, we report a case of longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), with sixth nerve palsy in a young female occurring shortly after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine. The patient recalled developing strabismus, progressive ascending bilateral lower limb weakness, along with upper extremity paresthesia, abnormal

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Zammit, François, and Emmanuel Seront. "Neurological Adverse Events Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Practical Review." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 4 (2024): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17040501.

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The increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in cancer therapy has brought attention to their associated neurotoxicities, termed neurological immune-related adverse events (n-irAEs). Despite their relatively rare incidence, n-irAEs pose a significant risk, potentially leading to severe, long-lasting disabilities or even fatal outcomes. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of n-irAEs, focusing on their recognition and management. The review addresses a spectrum of n-irAEs, encompassing myositis, myasthenia gravis, various neuropathies, and central nervous s

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Abed, AlRaouf Kawtharani, Fakhry Battoul, and Serhan Abbass. "Longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis with sixth nerve palsy post ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine: A case report and literature review." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 2 (2021): 526–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5773337.

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Concurrently with the quick development of COVID-19 vaccines globally, concerns about vaccination efficacy and safety are rising. Neurological complications such as transverse myelitis (TM) are major worries because they can cause lifelong disabilities, which may require long term care. Here, we report a case of longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), with sixth nerve palsy in a young female occurring shortly after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccine. The patient recalled developing strabismus, progressive ascending bilateral lower limb weakness, along with upper extremity paresthesia, abnormal

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UZUNCAKMAK-UYANIK, Handan. "Glimpse into Routine EMG Findings of Patients with Malign Neoplasms." International Journal of Hematology and Oncology 35, no. 2 (2025): 150–57. https://doi.org/10.4999/uhod.257993.

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Neurological complications in cancer patients may arise due to direct tumor effects, treatment-related toxicity, or paraneoplastic syndromes. Neurological complications in patients with neoplasms can affect all structures of the peripheral nervous system, either alone or in combination. We reviewed the electrodiagnostic test database of our EMG unit between 2017 and 2024. The clinical and electrophysiological data from 322 patients with cancer were collected. Descriptive statistics were reported and electrophysiological findings were compared between the two groups with the largest number of p

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Natsuhara, Kelsey, Michael D. Alvarado, Prashanth Ramachandran, et al. "Abstract P1-12-18: A case report of paraneoplastic rapidly progressive cerebellar syndrome in a patient with locally recurrent hormone receptor positive (HR+)/HER2- breast cancer." Clinical Cancer Research 31, no. 12_Supplement (2025): P1–12–18—P1–12–18. https://doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.sabcs24-p1-12-18.

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Abstract Introduction: Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are rare neurologic complications of breast cancer that can be life threatening. However, little is known about clinical risk factors for PNS. Furthermore, diagnosis can be challenging requiring a high index of suspicion to appropriately treat patients’ PNS and their primary cancer. Clinical Case: A 40 yr old woman with a history of locally recurrent right breast cancer presented with progressive neurologic symptoms. She was first diagnosed with stage IA (pT1bN0) multifocal grade 3 invasive ductal carcinoma with lymphovascular invasion; ER

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Yu, Lei, and Shan Ma. "Analysis of surgical strategy of treating thymomas: A single center experience." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): e18519-e18519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e18519.

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e18519 Background: Thymomas are epithelial thymic tumors, generally considered to have an indolent growth pattern but are malignant. 20-40% of patients with thymomas have paraneoplastic syndromes,including myasthenia gravis(MG). The objective of this study is to evaluate outcome of surgical treatment to thymoma and determine whether the different pathological and clinical characteristics of thymomas influences the prognosis in thymoma patients. Methods: We retrospectively studied data from 228 consecutive patients operated on from1992 to 2007. All thymic epithelial tumors were reclassified acc

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Gündüz, Kaan, Jose S. Pulido, Colin A. McCannel, and Brian Patrick O'Neill. "Ocular manifestations and treatment of central nervous system lymphomas." Neurosurgical Focus 21, no. 5 (2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2006.21.5.10.

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✓ Intraocular primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), also called primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL), is a subset of PCNSL in which lymphoma cells invade the subretinal pigment epithelial space and vitreous cavity with or without central nervous system involvement at the time of ocular diagnosis. The frequency of this rare condition has increased over the past years in immunosuppressed as well as immunocompetent patients. The authors review the current status of PIOL and elaborate on their group's experience with its diagnosis and treatment. The incidence of PIOL is increasing. There

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Norrito, Rosario Luca, Maria Grazia Puleo, Chiara Pintus, et al. "Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration Associated with Breast Cancer: A Case Report and a Narrative Review." Brain Sciences 14, no. 2 (2024): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14020176.

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Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) are an uncommon complication of cancer, affecting nearby 1/10,000 subjects with a tumour. PNSs can involve all the central and peripheral nervous systems, the muscular system, and the neuromuscular junction, causing extremely variable symptomatology. The diagnosis of the paraneoplastic disease usually precedes the clinical manifestations of cancer, making an immediate recognition of the pathology crucial to obtain a better prognosis. PNSs are autoimmune diseases caused by the expression of common antigens by the tumour and the nervous system. Specif

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Black, Alexander, Nishant Gohel, and Sankarabharan Kanikireddy. "Severe hyponatremia in the setting of mediastinal neuroblastoma in an elderly male." Journal of Case Reports and Images in Oncology 8, no. 2 (2022): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5348/100110z10ab2022cr.

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Introduction: Neuroblastomas are rare neoplasms with the potential to express paraneoplastic syndromes. Case Report: We report the case of a 77-year-old male with biopsy-confirmed unresectable anterior mediastinal neuroblastoma with symptomatic hyponatremia likely due to paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). He had multiple inpatient admissions for symptomatic hyponatremia over the 3-year period that we examined, with a paucity of admissions during chemoreduction with adjuvant radiation therapy. Due to the rarity of this tumor, there is no standard treatment pr

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Ciobica, Mihai-Lucian, Bianca-Andreea Sandulescu, Mihai Alexandru Sotcan, et al. "Superficial Vein Thrombosis in an Asymptomatic Case of Cholangiocarcinoma with Recent History of COVID-19." Life 14, no. 9 (2024): 1095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life14091095.

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The COVID-19 pandemic brought into prominence several emergent medical and surgical entities, but, also, it served as trigger and contributor for numerous apparently unrelated ailments such as arterial and venous thromboembolic complications. Additional risk factors for these thrombotic traits may be concurrent (known or unknown) malignancies, including at hepatic level. Among these, cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a rare cancer of intra- and extra-hepatic biliary ducts, represents a very aggressive condition that typically associates local and distant advanced stages on first presentation requiring

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Kalinkina, E. F., N. P. Sluvko, O. V. Kondrat’eva, and D. G. Tarasov. "Trousseau syndrome and ovarian cancer." Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health 3, no. 2 (2020): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2020-3-2-95-99.

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Migratory thrombophlebitis is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome occurred in malignancies. The association between migratory thrombophlebitis and malignancy is known as Trousseau syndrome. Thrombotic complications preceding malignancy manifestation are referred to as thrombotic mask. This paper describes successful surgical outcome of ovarian cancer associated with Trousseau syndrome. The first manifestations of this syndrome were acute proximal thrombosis in the left popliteal and left femoral vein, spontaneous arterial thrombosis, and numerous intracranial thromboses that have resulted in myocar

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Sinha, Samridhi, Amith Ahluwalia, and Carrie Wasserman. "Non-islet cell tumor causing hypoglycemia: A paraneoplastic complication of hepatocellular carcinoma." Journal of Case Reports and Images in Oncology 9, no. 2 (2023): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5348/100125z10ss2023cr.

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Introduction: Hypoglycemia is a common complication in patients with diabetes who are using either insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. In non-diabetic patient hypoglycemia is more rare and paraneoplastic syndrome should be considered if other causes have been excluded. Hepatocellular cancer is an example of a non-islet cell tumor that can cause hypoglycemia. Case Report: Here we present a case of a 71-year-old male with history of metastatic hepatocellular cancer, treated hepatitis C infection, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient was on active treatment with nivolumab. During

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Yagoda, A. V., N. N. Gladkih, A. N. Aydemirov, and S. A. Yagoda. "Monoclonal gammopathy in patient with gastric adenocarcinoma." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 96, no. 6 (2018): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0023-2149-2018-96-6-569-572.

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In the presented case the patient with highly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma developed a rare paraneoplastic syndrome with paraproteinemia, that resulted in hemorrhagic syndrome, severe anemia, hypercoagulation and complications of compatibility tests during blood transfusion.

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Fleming, Shaun, Eva Hellstr m-Lindberg, Kate Burbury, and John F. Seymour. "Paraneoplastic large vessel arteritis complicating myelodysplastic syndrome." Leukemia & Lymphoma 53, no. 8 (2012): 1613–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428194.2012.654607.

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Khalid, JAMALEDDINE. "A Rare Complication: Aortic Thrombosis Complicating A Carcinoid Syndrome Secondary to Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor: Case report." American Journal of Medical and Clinical Research & Reviews 03, no. 05 (2024): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.58372/2835-6276.1172.

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Despite advancements in managing metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), cardiovascular complications remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with carcinoid syndrome. We present a rare case of aortic thrombosis complicating carcinoid syndrome secondary to a small bowel neuroendocrine tumor. A 69-year-old male chronic smoker presented with treatment-resistant diarrhea, febrile sensations, and facial erythema. Imaging revealed a tissue mass in the right iliac fossa, infiltrating the ileocecal angle. Preoperative assessment was unremarkable, and the patient underwent op

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Grimm, Sean, and Marc Chamberlain. "Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Review of Neurologic Complications." Advances in Hematology 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/624578.

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Hodgkin's lymphoma is a hematolymphoid neoplasm, primarily of B cell lineage, that has unique histologic, immunophenotypic, and clinical features. Neurologic complications of Hodgkin's Lymphoma can be separated into those that result directly from the disease, indirectly from the disease, or from its treatment. Direct neurologic dysfunction from Hodgkin's Lymphoma results from metastatic intracranial spinal disease, epidural metastases causing spinal cord/cauda equina compression, leptomeningeal metastases, or intradural intramedullary spinal cord metastases. Indirect neurologic dysfunction ma

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M’bortché, BK, T. Tchamdja, L. Djalogue, et al. "Syndrome de cushing acth dépendant paranéoplasique secondaire à un Paragangliome : une observation et revue de la littérature." Journal de la Recherche Scientifique de l’Université de Lomé 26, no. 3 (2025): 93–97. https://doi.org/10.4314/jrsul.v26i3.15.

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Le syndrome de Cushing paranéoplasique est une cause rare d’hypercorticisme endogène, dû à une sécrétion ectopique de l’hormone adrénocorticotrope (ACTH like) par une tumeur endocrine non hypophysaire. Nous rapportons le cas d’un patient de 50 ans ayant présenté un syndrome de cushing sévère et rapidement évolutif, secondaire à un paragangliome multiple. La rapidité d’installation des signes cliniques et la sévérité des complications doivent orienter vers une origine paranéoplasique dont il faut toujours y penser. Paraneoplastic Cushing syndrome is a rare cause of endogenous hyperadrenocortici

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Dumansky, Yu V., O. V. Syniachenko, P. A. Stepko, Ye D. Yehudina, and O. Yu Stoliarova. "PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROME IN LUNG CANCER." Experimental Oncology 40, no. 3 (2018): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31768/2312-8852.2018.40(3):239-242.

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Aim: To study the nature of different variants of paraneoplastic syndrome (PNPS) in lung cancer, taking into account the features of the tumorous process and the complications of radiochemotherapy. Patients and Methods: We performed an analysis of the data of 1,669 patients with lung cancer aged between 24 and 87 years, among whom there were 89% of men and 11% of women. The ratio of small cell and non-small-cell histological variants of the lung cancer was 1: 4, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB and IV stages of cancer — 1:2:6:58:43:57. Results: PNPS developed in 16% of the lung cancer patients, in the

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Farrugia, M. E. "Negative-Antibody Paraneoplastic Syndrome Complicating Small Cell Carcinoma." Scottish Medical Journal 46, no. 4 (2001): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693300104600410.

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Wang, YingXiang, HaoTian Wu, Jian Gu, and Jia Wang. "Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndrome Associated with Fallopian Tube Cancer: A Case Report." Case Reports in Oncology 18, no. 1 (2025): 35–41. https://doi.org/10.1159/000542885.

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Introduction: Paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) was identified as a rare and unique clinical complication of primary tumors. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, a subtype of PNS, involved an immune-mediated attack on cerebellar Purkinje cells, resulting in a series of cerebellar symptoms. Case Presentation: We report a case of an elderly female patient who presented with subacute cerebellar symptoms, positive anti-YO antibody, and elevated CA-125 levels. Further examination revealed a fallopian tube malignancy. After surgery, intravenous immunoglobulin and glucocorticoid treatment

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Yılmaz, Buket Özkara. "Paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome as a rare presentation of parotid adenocarcinoma." Journal of Surgery and Medicine 8, no. 5 (2024): 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.28982/josam.7701.

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Paraneoplastic Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome (POMA) is a rare neurological condition that affects approximately 1 in 10,000,000 people annually. This syndrome is poorly understood and can lead to long-term cognitive, behavioral, and motor complications. Opsoclonus is characterized by involuntary, rapid, repetitive, multi-vectorial oscillations of the eyes occurring in all directions of gaze. It is accompanied by diffuse or focal body myoclonus and may or may not include ataxia and other cerebellar signs. POMA is typically a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with neuroblastoma in childh

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Muntz, H. G., and E. Brown. "Lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia: a metabolic complication of advanced gynecologic malignancy." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 2, no. 3 (1992): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1992.02030163.x.

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Refractory lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia characterize a paraneoplastic syndrome observed in advanced gynecologic cancer, as illustrated by a patient with a large malignant mixed Mullerian tumor. Massive infusions of sodium bicarbonate and glucose failed to reverse her metabolic abnormalities, and the patient suffered a rapidly fatal course. The biochemical basis for this metabolic complication is reviewed, including how medical intervention can lead to iatrogenic exacerbation of the metabolic imbalance.

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Dsilva, Sehba, Gungor Karayalcin, and Sharon Singh. "Hodgkin Disease and Nephrotic Syndrome, a Rare Paraneoplastic Complication in Children with Literature Review." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 4832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4832.4832.

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Abstract The association between Hodgkin Disease (HD) and paraneoplastic Nephrotic Syndrome is well documented in adults but is relatively uncommon in the pediatric population. We describe two children with HD who initially presented with Nephrotic Syndrome. Case 1: 12- year-old boy who presented with a two-week history of periorbital edema, proteinuria and hypertension and was diagnosed with Nephrotic Syndrome. The renal biopsy showed minimal change disease. Since the patient developed dyspnea, further work-up was done and he was found to have a large mediastinal mass. Core needle biopsy of t

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Bieler, L., C. Hecker, L. Machegger, P. Wolfrum-Ristau, E. Trinka, and W. Kleindienst. "P11.49.B MOG antibody positive paraneoplastic brain stem encephalitis associated with cervical cancer: a rare case report." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_2 (2022): ii69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac174.238.

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Abstract Background Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are a rare complication of malignant tumors. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is an important marker on the surface of oligodendrocytes and is associated with many demyelinating diseases. There are only few reports of MOG antibody positive paraneoplastic syndromes. Here we present the first case of MOG-antibody positive brain stem encephalitis associated with cervical cancer. Material and Methods: Case report. Results A 58-year-old female presented with headache, fever and acute cerebellar signs. 13 months earlier she was diagn

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Wong, Uni, Harris Yfantis, and Guofeng Xie. "Urticarial Vasculitis-Associated Intestinal Ischemia." Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8603679.

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Urticarial vasculitis (UV) is a rare small vessel vasculitis. UV is often idiopathic but can also present in the context of autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus, drug reactions, infections, or a paraneoplastic syndrome. Extracutaneous complications include intestinal ischemic injuries, in UV patients with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and nausea. Prompt recognition and treatment can minimize morbidity and mortality. This paper describes a case of urticarial vasculitis-associated intestinal ischemia.

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Schiemer, Moritz, Annette Schmitt-Graeff, Volker Brass, and Peter Hasselblatt. "Gastric cancer and paraneoplastic dermatomyositis as complications of an unrecognized juvenile polyposis syndrome." Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 57, no. 04 (2019): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0855-4404.

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AbstractJuvenile polyposis syndrome is a rare autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by multiple hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. It is associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer. We report the case of a 49-year-old woman presenting with proximal muscle weakness, weight loss, severe anemia, and melena. One year before, the diagnosis of a “fundic gland polyposis” was presumed after endoscopic evaluation for iron deficiency anemia had shown numerous polyps limited to the gastric mucosa. On admission, the diagnosis of dermatomyositis was made based on labor

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Gracien, RM, M. Kordulla, and U. Ziemann. "Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration mimicking development of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in a patient with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 17, no. 4 (2010): 498–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458510389488.

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Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a rare non-metastatic complication of cancer mediated by T lymphocytes and auto-antibodies directed against Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. We report a patient with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis who developed a progressive cerebellar syndrome with dysarthria, ataxic gait and vertigo mimicking development of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis but caused by anti-Yo antibody positive PCD associated with ovarian cancer, presenting an unusual diagnostic challenge.

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