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Journal articles on the topic 'Paraphrase'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Erlina, Zulkifli Mahmud, Ampera Taufik, and Bayusena Bima. "Paraphrase Strategy in Translating Indonesian Novel into English." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 04, no. 01 (2021): 572–77. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v4-i1-17.

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This research article discusses one of the translation strategies namely paraphrase. The method used is a mixed method of descriptive-comparative method with both quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The data source is the translation of a novel, Tarian Bumi written in Indonesian language as the source language text and ‘Earth Dance’ in English as the target language text. The data used for this research are taken from the first part of the novel. The background of this research is the phenomenon showing that from all the sentences in the first part of the novel, more

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ZHANG, YUJIE, and KAZUHIDE YAMAMOTO. "Paraphrasing spoken Chinese using a paraphrase corpus." Natural Language Engineering 11, no. 4 (2005): 417–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324905003712.

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One of the key issues in spoken-language translation is how to deal with unrestricted expressions in spontaneous utterances. We have developed a paraphraser for use as part of a translation system, and in this paper we describe the implementation of a Chinese paraphraser for a Chinese-Japanese spoken-language translation system. When an input sentence cannot be translated by the transfer engine, the paraphraser automatically transforms the sentence into alternative expressions until one of these alternatives can be translated by the transfer engine. Two primary issues must be dealt with in par

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Çeşme, Hatice. "Exploring Paraphrase Performances and Strategies of Graduate Student Writing." Shanlax International Journal of Education 11, no. 1 (2022): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/education.v11i1.5247.

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This study aims to investigate performances and strategies of EFL graduate students in terms of language proficiency, language background and type of writing task. The participants were 12 graduate students pursuing their doctoral studies in ELT at a Turkish university. A chosen text was used for data collection and the students’ paraphrased texts were analyzed employing Keck’s (2006) the taxonomy of paraphrase types and ‘a paraphrase found form’ developed by the researcher in terms of lexical and structural changes. The results of the study revealed that graduate students had challenges in ap

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Isu, Rudolof J. "Lexical Paraphrases in Tonis (a Poetry of Dawan or Uab Meto) Marriage Process in South Central Timor District." Rainbow : Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Culture Studies 13, no. 1 (2024): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v13i1.2960.

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This paper is entitled Lexical Paraphrase in Tonis (Dawan Poetry or Uab Meto) used in the Marriage Process in South Central Timor District. The problem of this paper is whether the speech in tonis in Dawan ethnic can show lexical paraphrase both lexical paraphrase on noun, lexical paraphrase on adverb, lexical paraphrase on adjective and lexical paraphrase on preposition. The purpose of this research is to find out whether there is a paraphrasing process in the speech of the marriage process in South Central Timor District. The topic or title mentioned above is considered to have its own uniqu

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Nicula, Bogdan, Mihai Dascalu, Natalie N. Newton, Ellen Orcutt, and Danielle S. McNamara. "Automated Paraphrase Quality Assessment Using Language Models and Transfer Learning." Computers 10, no. 12 (2021): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers10120166.

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Learning to paraphrase supports both writing ability and reading comprehension, particularly for less skilled learners. As such, educational tools that integrate automated evaluations of paraphrases can be used to provide timely feedback to enhance learner paraphrasing skills more efficiently and effectively. Paraphrase identification is a popular NLP classification task that involves establishing whether two sentences share a similar meaning. Paraphrase quality assessment is a slightly more complex task, in which pairs of sentences are evaluated in-depth across multiple dimensions. In this st

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Michiels, Paul, Karyn Kessler, and Paul Rogers. "Paraphrase Patterns of Expert Academic Writers: Implications for Writing Development, Writing Pedagogy, and Plagiarism Policies." Literatura y Lingüística, no. 46 (February 13, 2023): 153–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/0717621x.46.3133.

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This study offers a linguistic analysis of language borrowing in expertly produced paraphrases. Within the context of higher education, paraphrase writing, an essential skill for source-based writing tasks across the curriculum and a key component in the development of disciplinary expertise, represents a challenge for students and teachers because 1) there is no precise and generally accepted definition of acceptable academic paraphrase, 2) discussions of paraphrase are more often framed in terms of plagiarism than effective writing, and 3) little is known about the linguistic (or rhetorical

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Bloemendal, Jan. "Exegesis and Hermeneutics in Erasmus’ Paraphrase on Luke." Erasmus Studies 36, no. 2 (2016): 148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18749275-03602006.

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This article discusses how Erasmus deals with the personae in the Paraphrase on Luke, distinguishing between the author Erasmus (the paraphrast), the narrator (the paraphraser) and the evangelist. These ‘Luke-voices’ are connected to exegesis (explanation of the narrative) and hermeneutics (the application of the narrative to the lives of the audience). It is argued that Erasmus deliberately played with the voices; this enabled him to criticize wrongs of his own times as worded by ‘Luke’, and to contribute to the advancement of Christian piety.

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Bhagat, Rahul, and Eduard Hovy. "What Is a Paraphrase?" Computational Linguistics 39, no. 3 (2013): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00166.

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Paraphrases are sentences or phrases that convey the same meaning using different wording. Although the logical definition of paraphrases requires strict semantic equivalence, linguistics accepts a broader, approximate, equivalence—thereby allowing far more examples of “quasi-paraphrase.” But approximate equivalence is hard to define. Thus, the phenomenon of paraphrases, as understood in linguistics, is difficult to characterize. In this article, we list a set of 25 operations that generate quasi-paraphrases. We then empirically validate the scope and accuracy of this list by manually analyzin

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Zhou, Ying, Xiaokang Hu, and Vera Chung. "Automatic Construction of Fine-Grained Paraphrase Corpora System Using Language Inference Model." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (2022): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010499.

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Paraphrase detection and generation are important natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Yet the term paraphrase is broad enough to include many fine-grained relations. This leads to different tolerance levels of semantic divergence in the positive paraphrase class among publicly available paraphrase datasets. Such variation can affect the generalisability of paraphrase classification models. It may also impact the predictability of paraphrase generation models. This paper presents a new model which can use few corpora of fine-grained paraphrase relations to construct automatically using lan

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Vanautgaerden, Alexandre. "Les Paraphrases d’Érasme: Paraphrase sur Matthieu." Moreana 39 (Number 150), no. 2 (2002): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2002.39.2.3.

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Gibson, Rhonda, and Dolf Zillmann. "Effects of Citation in Exemplifying Testimony on Issue Perception." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 75, no. 1 (1998): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909807500116.

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Two sides of an issue were presented and exemplified with testimonials in a magazine-style news report. Testimony featured the interviewees' positions in citation or paraphrase. All combinations of citation-paraphrase were created and analyzed in factorial designs; i.e., position A (cited, paraphrased) was crossvaried with position B (cited, paraphrased). Issue perception was found to be greatly influenced by citation. Respondents adopted the cited position more than the paraphrased position. This effect was most pronounced when the opposing position was paraphrased. No presentation bias was d

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Mira, Asri Sekar, and Sitti Fatimah. "Students' Paraphrased Texts and Their Perceptions of Paraphrasing in Academic Writing." Lingua Didaktika: Jurnal Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa 14, no. 1 (2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/ld.v14i1.108732.

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This descriptive qualitative study aims to investigate students’ paraphrased texts based on Keck’s Paraphrase Taxonomy (2006) and on McInnis’ level of paraphrase appropriateness (2009), and to explore their perceptions toward paraphrasing. Fifty nine students from English Language Education Study Program of UNP academic year 2017 were selected to participate in this study and were committed to do a paraphrasing task expecting them to paraphrase 4 separate sentences of one author.

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Verma, Visakha, and Valerij V. Maroshi. "“The Trembling creature” as a precedent text in modern Russian literature." Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal, no. 3 (2024): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/88/15.

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The paper summarizes the usage of the precedent text, “the trembling creature,” in Russian literature during the last third of the twentieth and the early twenty-first centuries. The text under study appears as quotations, reminiscences, and various paraphrases. Its origin is attributed to Pushkin, who paraphrased the Bible and the Quran in his poetry to create eventually a memorable periphrasis of a God-fearing man. Dostoevsky’s Raskolnikov quotes and then paraphrases Pushkin’s text, altering its original meaning for his own motives. Since that time, dozens of Russian authors have been paraph

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Oláh, Boglárka Eszter. "Transcription, Paraphrase, Creed in Franz Liszt’s Variations on „Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen”." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Musica 68, no. 2 (2023): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbmusica.2023.2.25.

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"Franz Liszt created a new tradition by playing transcriptions and paraphrasing the most well-known operas and works of his time on his fabulous concerts. This habit created new genres like Transcriptions (Reminiscences de Norma S. 394, Grandes études de Paganini S. 141) and Paraphrases (The Rigoletto Paraphrase S.434, The Ernani Paraphrase S. 432). The Variations on „Weinen Klagen Sorgen Zagen” fits into both categories: On the one hand Liszt paraphrases J.S.Bach’s Crucifixus and the 12th Cantata. On the other hand, he transcribes with a great craftsmanship his piano work for organ. The histo

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Xu, Wei, Alan Ritter, Chris Callison-Burch, William B. Dolan, and Yangfeng Ji. "Extracting Lexically Divergent Paraphrases from Twitter." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 2 (December 2014): 435–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00194.

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We present MultiP (Multi-instance Learning Paraphrase Model), a new model suited to identify paraphrases within the short messages on Twitter. We jointly model paraphrase relations between word and sentence pairs and assume only sentence-level annotations during learning. Using this principled latent variable model alone, we achieve the performance competitive with a state-of-the-art method which combines a latent space model with a feature-based supervised classifier. Our model also captures lexically divergent paraphrases that differ from yet complement previous methods; combining our model

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Jordan, Michael P. "Toward Plain Language: A Guide to Paraphrasing Complex Noun Phrases." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 24, no. 1 (1994): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/fhed-rmjg-y03y-y4uj.

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Complex noun phrases, although key elements in technical writing for linguistically mature readers, also present major comprehension difficulties for others. This article establishes many important ways of paraphrasing complex noun phrases into simpler structures, and identifies the differences in meaning, style, is tone, and emphasis created by the paraphrases. Whereas many complex noun phrases at the start of the sentence can be easily paraphrased, those at the end of the sentence or embedded within the sentence present greater challenges. Similarly restrictive post-modifiers are easier to p

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HO, CHUKFONG, MASRAH AZRIFAH AZMI MURAD, RABIAH ABDUL KADIR, and SHYAMALA DORAISAMY. "COMPARING TWO CORPUS-BASED METHODS FOR EXTRACTING PARAPHRASES TO DICTIONARY-BASED METHOD." International Journal of Semantic Computing 05, no. 02 (2011): 133–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x11001225.

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Paraphrase extraction plays an increasingly important role in language-related research and applications in areas such as information retrieval, question answering and automatic machine evaluation. Most of the existing methods extract paraphrases from different types of corpora by using syntactic-based approaches. Since a syntactic-based approach relies on the similarity of context to identify and capture paraphrases, other than paraphrases, other terms which tend to appear in a similar context such as loosely related terms and functionally similar yet unrelated terms tend to be extracted. Bes

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Liu, Tianyuan, Yuqing Sun, Jiaqi Wu, et al. "Unsupervised Paraphrasing under Syntax Knowledge." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 11 (2023): 13273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i11.26558.

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The soundness of syntax is an important issue for the paraphrase generation task. Most methods control the syntax of paraphrases by embedding the syntax and semantics in the generation process, which cannot guarantee the syntactical correctness of the results. Different from them, in this paper we investigate the structural patterns of word usages termed as the word composable knowledge and integrate it into the paraphrase generation to control the syntax in an explicit way. This syntax knowledge is pretrained on a large corpus with the dependency relationships and formed as the probabilistic

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Cocos, Anne, and Chris Callison-Burch. "Paraphrase-Sense-Tagged Sentences." Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 7 (November 2019): 714–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00295.

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Many natural language processing tasks require discriminating the particular meaning of a word in context, but building corpora for developing sense-aware models can be a challenge. We present a large resource of example usages for words having a particular meaning, called Paraphrase-Sense-Tagged Sentences (PSTS). Built on the premise that a word’s paraphrases instantiate its fine-grained meanings (i.e., bug has different meanings corresponding to its paraphrases fly and microbe) the resource contains up to 10,000 sentences for each of 3 million target-paraphrase pairs where the target word ta

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Roig, Miguel. "When College Students' Attempts at Paraphrasing Become Instances of Potential Plagiarism." Psychological Reports 84, no. 3 (1999): 973–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.84.3.973.

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In Study 1, undergraduates were asked to consider a scenario in which they were writing a paper and that, in the process of researching material for the paper, they had encountered a relevant paragraph from a journal article which they had to paraphrase. The students were given a two-sentence paragraph and were asked to paraphrase it to the best of their ability. Analysis indicated that between 41% and 68% of the paraphrased paragraphs were “plagiarized” to some degree, where plagiarism was defined as the appropriation of strings of 5 consecutive words or longer. In addition, 52% of the paraph

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Altheneyan, Alaa, and Mohamed El Bachir Menai. "Evaluation of State-of-the-Art Paraphrase Identification and Its Application to Automatic Plagiarism Detection." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 04 (2019): 2053004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420530043.

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Paraphrase identification is a natural language processing (NLP) problem that involves the determination of whether two text segments have the same meaning. Various NLP applications rely on a solution to this problem, including automatic plagiarism detection, text summarization, machine translation (MT), and question answering. The methods for identifying paraphrases found in the literature fall into two main classes: similarity-based methods and classification methods. This paper presents a critical study and an evaluation of existing methods for paraphrase identification and its application

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Chi, Xiaoqiang, and Yang Xiang. "Augmenting Paraphrase Generation with Syntax Information Using Graph Convolutional Networks." Entropy 23, no. 5 (2021): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23050566.

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Paraphrase generation is an important yet challenging task in natural language processing. Neural network-based approaches have achieved remarkable success in sequence-to-sequence learning. Previous paraphrase generation work generally ignores syntactic information regardless of its availability, with the assumption that neural nets could learn such linguistic knowledge implicitly. In this work, we make an endeavor to probe into the efficacy of explicit syntactic information for the task of paraphrase generation. Syntactic information can appear in the form of dependency trees, which could be

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Madnani, Nitin, and Bonnie J. Dorr. "Generating Phrasal and Sentential Paraphrases: A Survey of Data-Driven Methods." Computational Linguistics 36, no. 3 (2010): 341–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00002.

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The task of paraphrasing is inherently familiar to speakers of all languages. Moreover, the task of automatically generating or extracting semantic equivalences for the various units of language—words, phrases, and sentences—is an important part of natural language processing (NLP) and is being increasingly employed to improve the performance of several NLP applications. In this article, we attempt to conduct a comprehensive and application-independent survey of data-driven phrasal and sentential paraphrase generation methods, while also conveying an appreciation for the importance and potenti

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Hu, J. Edward, Rachel Rudinger, Matt Post, and Benjamin Van Durme. "PARABANK: Monolingual Bitext Generation and Sentential Paraphrasing via Lexically-Constrained Neural Machine Translation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 6521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33016521.

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We present PARABANK, a large-scale English paraphrase dataset that surpasses prior work in both quantity and quality. Following the approach of PARANMT (Wieting and Gimpel, 2018), we train a Czech-English neural machine translation (NMT) system to generate novel paraphrases of English reference sentences. By adding lexical constraints to the NMT decoding procedure, however, we are able to produce multiple high-quality sentential paraphrases per source sentence, yielding an English paraphrase resource with more than 4 billion generated tokens and exhibiting greater lexical diversity. Using huma

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Mack, Peter. "Erasmus’ Paraphrases on the New Testament and the Presentation of Christ’s Teaching." Erasmus Studies 39, no. 1 (2019): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18749275-03901001.

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Abstract Erasmus wrote his Paraphrases on the New Testament (1517–1524) at the climactic point of his literary career, just after his new edition of the New Testament, the humanistic edition of the Adagia and his edition of the works of St Jerome. This lecture asks why Erasmus gave so much time to paraphrase at such a key moment, what he hoped his paraphrase would give to early sixteenth-century Christians, and how his paraphrase clarifies, dramatizes and adds to the Biblical text. It analyses quotations from the paraphrases on Romans and the Gospel of Mark, relating to his historicization of

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Hasegawa, Yoko, Russell Lee-Goldman, Albert Kong, and Akita Kimi. "FrameNet as a resource for paraphrase research." Constructions and Frames 3, no. 1 (2011): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.3.1.04has.

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Theoretically as well as empirically, paraphrase is a pivotal concept in many academic and nonacademic fields. And yet, its investigation has made very slow progress, due mainly to the lack of a framework that is versatile enough to deal with the nebulous nature of paraphrase in use. This paper demonstrates how the mechanisms of FrameNet can be utilized as a resource for systematic and coherent research into paraphrase. The semantic framework it provides, including detailed frame descriptions, frame-to-frame relations, and the recording of syntactic information, allows one to see in more princ

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CHITRA, A., and ANUPRIYA RAJKUMAR. "GENETIC ALGORITHM BASED FEATURE SELECTION FOR PARAPHRASE RECOGNITION." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 22, no. 02 (2013): 1350007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213013500073.

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Paraphrase Recognition systems most often use various lexical, syntactic and semantic features to recognize paraphrases. This paper presents the work done in designing a Support Vector Machine (SVM) based Paraphrase Recognizer and then improving its performance using feature selection strategy. Wrapper method of feature selection has been adopted by combining Genetic Algorithms with Support Vector Machine Classifiers. Experimental results show that applying Feature selection improves the accuracy besides reducing the number of features. The developed paraphrase recognizer has been applied for

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Huang, Shaohan, Yu Wu, Furu Wei, and Zhongzhi Luan. "Dictionary-Guided Editing Networks for Paraphrase Generation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 6546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33016546.

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An intuitive way for a human to write paraphrase sentences is to replace words or phrases in the original sentence with their corresponding synonyms and make necessary changes to ensure the new sentences are fluent and grammatically correct. We propose a novel approach to modeling the process with dictionary-guided editing networks which effectively conduct rewriting on the source sentence to generate paraphrase sentences. It jointly learns the selection of the appropriate word level and phrase level paraphrase pairs in the context of the original sentence from an off-the-shelf dictionary as w

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Akhil, Chaturvedi, Singh Taranveer, and Budania Prashant. "Enhancing Sentence Embeddings with Term Frequency-KL Divergence (TF-KLD) for Improved Paraphrase Identification." Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research 7, no. 6 (2020): 306–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13950766.

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This paper introduces an advanced method for paraphrase identification by enhancing sentence embeddings with Term Frequency-KL Divergence (TF-KLD) weights. Unlike traditional sentence embedding methods that rely solely on frequency or contextual relevance, our approach integrates discriminative term weighting to refine the representation of sentences in semantic space. We developed a model that matches or outperforms baseline sentence embedding methods in identifying similar question pairs, particularly in datasets characterized by subtle lexical variations and complex paraphrase structures, s

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Hadjittofi, Fotini. "THE POET AND THE EVANGELIST IN NONNUS’ PARAPHRASE OF THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO JOHN." Cambridge Classical Journal 66 (July 23, 2020): 70–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1750270520000056.

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Christian poetry, and biblical epic in particular, is intensely self-conscious. Both Greek and Latin Christian poets begin or end their compositions, paraphrases and centos with poetological reflections on the value and objectives of their works. The fifth-century Paraphrase of the Gospel according to John is an anomaly in this tradition. While Nonnus’ mythological epic, the Dionysiaca, is heavily self-conscious in that it includes a strong authorial voice as well as an extensive prooemium and an interlude, the Christian Paraphrase has no prooemium, epilogue or interlude, and its narrator neve

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Indah Pratiwi, Yuli, Fathia Asmadiah Lenggana, Hijjah Riani, Fahri Irawan Wijaya, and Emeliya Sukma Dara D. "Pharaprase in Article the Impact of Covid-19 in Education." e-Journal of Linguistics 17, no. 1 (2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/e-jl.2023.v17.i01.p03.

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This study aims to analyze and provide examples of paraphrasing a sentence contained in an article, this article is entitled about the influence of COVID-19 in the world of education and the economy in Indonesia. The article that we take as an example is an article written by our friend. Paraphrases can not only be used in speeches, dialogues, songs of daily life and other literary works, but paraphrases can also be used in a scientific work, for example, in articles, mini-research thesis and others. Therefore, the researcher is very interested in paraphrasing this scientific work, namely the

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Biro, John. "Saving the Ship." European journal of analytic philosophy 13, no. 2 (2018): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31820/ejap.13.2.3.

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In defending the startling claim that that there are no artifacts, indeed, no inanimate material objects of the familiar sort, Peter van Inwagen has argued that truths about such putative objects can be paraphrased as truths that do not make essential reference to them and that we should endorse only the ontological commitments of the paraphrase. In this note I argue that the paraphrases van Inwagen recommends cannot meet his condition. Read one way, they lose us some truths. Read another, they entail the existence of the very objects they are supposed to rid us of. However, we need not share

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Leushuis, Reinier. "The Mimetic Paraphrase." Church History and Religious Culture 96, no. 4 (2016): 541–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712428-09604004.

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The mimetic aspects of speech, the spoken word, and dialogical exchange that distinguish the miracle narratives of the first half of Erasmus’s Paraphrase on John constitute a unique implementation of Erasmus’s reader-oriented Philosophia Christi. They efficiently apply the poetics of speech that characterize the theology of Christ’s inverbation in John 1:1 to the genre of the paraphrase for the sake of imitatio. The Erasmian paraphrase reveals itself as the ideal textual medium to exploit the transformative capacities of the incarnate Word and its poetics of speech and verbal transmission in o

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Sancheti, Abhilasha, Balaji Vasan Srinivasan, and Rachel Rudinger. "Entailment Relation Aware Paraphrase Generation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 10 (2022): 11258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i10.21376.

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We introduce a new task of entailment relation aware paraphrase generation which aims at generating a paraphrase conforming to a given entailment relation (e.g. equivalent, forward entailing, or reverse entailing) with respect to a given input. We propose a reinforcement learning-based weakly-supervised paraphrasing system, ERAP, that can be trained using existing paraphrase and natural language inference (NLI) corpora without an explicit task-specific corpus. A combination of automated and human evaluations show that ERAP generates paraphrases conforming to the specified entailment relation a

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Chatterjee, Jacob Donald. "John Locke’s Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul in the Intellectual Culture of the Eighteenth-Century Church of England, 1707–1800." Locke Studies 24 (December 22, 2024): 1–43. https://doi.org/10.5206/ls.2024.18449.

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This article presents a new account of the reception of John Locke’s Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul (1705–7) in the eighteenth-century Church of England. Although the Paraphrase is rarely discussed in studies of the influence of Locke’s writings, this work was widely used by later scholars and clergymen. The fierce early response to the Paraphrase’s apparently heterodox interpretations of St. Paul’s accounts of the Resurrection and the Trinity soon gave way to a more positive appreciation of the work’s merits. Even in these early years, some putatively orthodox divines had fo

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Olson, Mary W. "Text Type and Reader Ability: The Effects on Paraphrase and Text-Based Inference Questions." Journal of Reading Behavior 17, no. 3 (1985): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10862968509547540.

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This study investigated good and poor readers' ability to answer text-based inference and paraphrase questions after reading two narrative stories and two expository passages. Subjects were selected that differed only on reading comprehension, not decoding accuracy or language comprehension, and were asked text-based informational and logical inference questions which were classified according to the Warren, Nicholas, and Trabasso (1979) inference taxonomy. Subjects were also asked questions that paraphrased the verbatim information in the text. Dependent measures were researcher-designed ques

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Budrewicz, Tadeusz. ""Białe anioły z skrzydłami jasnemi" (konstelacja parafraz) ["White angels with bright wings" (constellation of paraphrases)]." Napis XXII (2016) (December 30, 2016): 87–105. https://doi.org/10.18318/napis.2016.1.7.

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The paper is a review of the functions of the citation from the novel of Narcyza Żmichowska <em>Poganka</em> [The Pagan] (1846): “I was once told that here on earth exist angels with bright wings”. This citation and the figure of an angel with bright wings express a romantic model of love and define a social role of a woman as a caregiver and man’s helper. The most famous use of this paraphrase of the citation appears in the novel <em>Lalka</em> [Doll] (1890) by Bolesław Prus. Literary historians were certain that Prus refered directly to <em>Poganka</em>. In the article the

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Posta, Anna. "Latin paraphrases of Old Testament books in verse in 16th century Hungary." Hungarian Studies 37, S (2023): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/044.2023.00245.

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AbstractA popular trend in 16th-century Hungarian Neo-Latin poetry was the transposition of biblical, especially Old Testament books and texts. Georg Purkircher (Georgius Purkircher) paraphrased the Book of Wisdom, Péter Laskai Csókás (Petrus C. Lascovius) the Song of Songs, János Bocatius (Johannes Bocatius) the Book of Sirach/Ecclesiasticus, and Leonhardus Mokoschinus (Leonhardus Mokoschinus) a part of the Old Testament books (from Genesis to II Kings) in Latin. Internationally, only Mokoschinus' paraphrase of the Old Testament is known to any extent. In the present paper I will attempt to o

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Aditya Adake. "Investigation on State-of-the-Art Paraphrase Detection Approaches and Resources." Panamerican Mathematical Journal 34, no. 2 (2024): 236–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/pmj.v34.i2.1103.

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In the domain of natural languages, diverse interpretations abound for expressions. Recognizing paraphrases is pivotal in numerous natural language applications. Paraphrasing, which involves expressing two sentences with equivalent meanings but using different words, is the focus of this extensive survey. The methodologies employed in paraphrase detection, ranging from rule-based approaches to machine learning models, are thoroughly investigated. The survey explores the evolution of techniques in this field, highlighting advancements and challenges. Additionally, the article delves into variou

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Hayuningrum, Herdiansari, and Made Frida Yulia. "Students� Problems in Writing Paraphrases in Research Paper Writing Class." LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching 15, no. 1 (2017): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/llt.v15i1.296.

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Paraphrase is one of the techniques of incorporating sources in which every writer is allowed to borrow the authors ideas and restate them into their own words. Based on the previous study, it was found that English Language Education Study Program (ELESP) students, Sanata Dharma University, were unable to paraphrase properly since they tended to copy the authors words directly. If this problem was continuously ignored, it would be dangerous for the students because they could be charged with inadvertent plagiarism. This study was intended to investigate ELESP students problems in writing para

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Park, Sunghyun, Seung-won Hwang, Fuxiang Chen, et al. "Paraphrase Diversification Using Counterfactual Debiasing." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 6883–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33016883.

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The problem of generating a set of diverse paraphrase sentences while (1) not compromising the original meaning of the original sentence, and (2) imposing diversity in various semantic aspects, such as a lexical or syntactic structure, is examined. Existing work on paraphrase generation has focused more on the former, and the latter was trained as a fixed style transfer, such as transferring from positive to negative sentiments, even at the cost of losing semantics. In this work, we consider style transfer as a means of imposing diversity, with a paraphrasing correctness constraint that the ta

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Panseeta, Sayamol, and Richard Watson Todd. "Repetition and paraphrase in contexts of concordant and discordant orientations." Pragmatics and Society 13, no. 2 (2022): 250–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.19069.pan.

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Abstract Language processing theory posits that a person chooses words based on how he/she conceptualizes the referent. Where there are two or more interlocutors, depending on the way they conceptualize the referent, their word choices may be the same or different. In an unpublished paper, Sinclair claims that when interlocutors are in concordance, they are likely to repeat the word choices of their partners; when they are in discordance, they are likely to use paraphrases. This article investigates this claim by examining whether there is a relationship between two types of reiteration of con

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LEE, ELIZABETH A., NANCY TORRANCE, and DAVID R. OLSON. "Young children and the say/mean distinction: verbatim and paraphrase recognition in narrative and nursery rhyme contexts." Journal of Child Language 28, no. 2 (2001): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000901004755.

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Children's ability to distinguish between the text, WHAT WAS SAID, and the intentional structure, WHAT WAS MEANT, was interrogated by means of verbatim and paraphrase questions in two types of discourse, narratives and nursery rhymes. Three- to seven-year-olds participated (n = 119, mean age 5·1). There was an interaction between the type of discourse and the younger children's ability to separate wording from intentional structure. In the narrative form they had difficulty rejecting true paraphrases when asked to focus on wording, while in the nursery rhyme form the difficulty was accepting a

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Hidayat, Taufik, Ahmad Munir, and Syafi’ul Anam. "THINK-ALOUD PROTOCOLS ANALYSIS: AN INVESTIGATION OF PARAPHRASING STRATEGIES IN POST-GRADUATE STUDENTS." International Journal of Education and Social Science Research 05, no. 04 (2022): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37500/ijessr.2022.5417.

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This research aims to figure out the paraphrasing strategies used by post-graduate English students based on three stages of writing process division: before-writing, while-writing, and after-writing. This research is qualitative study that investigate paraphrasing strategies used by post-graduate English students in writing a thesis. The qualitative data obtained from think-aloud protocols to gather verbal report data on cognitive and metacognitive reading strategies used by the students in producing their paraphrases. For data analysis, the think-aloud protocols were transcribed, and data wa

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Chanpradit, Thaweesak, Phakkaramai Samran, Siriprapa Saengpinit, and Pailin Subkasin. "Paraphrasing Strategies and Levels of Proficiency of an AI-generated QuillBot and Paraphrasing Tool: Case Study of Scientific Research Abstracts." JET (Journal of English Teaching) 10, no. 2 (2024): 110–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/jet.v10i2.5619.

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AI-generated paraphrasing tools, especially QuillBot and Paraphrasing Tool, play a crucial role in preventing plagiarism in academic writing. However, their effectiveness and proficiency have been questioned, particularly regarding the adequacy of their strategies. This qualitative study analyzed the paraphrasing strategies and proficiency levels of QuillBot and Paraphrase Tool. Using a purposive sampling technique, all 30 abstracts from one issue of the Journal of Second Language Writing were paraphrased using the two paraphrasing tools in their standard modes, and the results were analyzed u

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Pöckelmann, Marcus, Janis Dähne, Jörg Ritter, and Paul Molitor. "Fast paraphrase extraction in Ancient Greek literature." it - Information Technology 62, no. 2 (2020): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/itit-2019-0042.

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AbstractIn this paper,A shorter version of the paper appeared in German in the final report of the Digital Plato project which was funded by the Volkswagen Foundation from 2016 to 2019. [35], [28]. we present a method for paraphrase extraction in Ancient Greek that can be applied to huge text corpora in interactive humanities applications. Since lexical databases and POS tagging are either unavailable or do not achieve sufficient accuracy for ancient languages, our approach is based on pure word embeddings and the word mover’s distance (WMD) [20]. We show how to adapt the WMD approach to parap

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Hudson, G. Thomas, and Noura Al Moubayed. "Ask me in your own words: paraphrasing for multitask question answering." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (October 27, 2021): e759. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.759.

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Multitask learning has led to significant advances in Natural Language Processing, including the decaNLP benchmark where question answering is used to frame 10 natural language understanding tasks in a single model. In this work we show how models trained to solve decaNLP fail with simple paraphrasing of the question. We contribute a crowd-sourced corpus of paraphrased questions (PQ-decaNLP), annotated with paraphrase phenomena. This enables analysis of how transformations such as swapping the class labels and changing the sentence modality lead to a large performance degradation. Training bot

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VILA, M., H. RODRÍGUEZ, and M. A. MARTÍ. "Relational paraphrase acquisition from Wikipedia: The WRPA method and corpus." Natural Language Engineering 21, no. 3 (2013): 355–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324913000235.

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AbstractParaphrase corpora are an essential but scarce resource in Natural Language Processing. In this paper, we present the Wikipedia-based Relational Paraphrase Acquisition (WRPA) method, which extracts relational paraphrases from Wikipedia, and the derived WRPA paraphrase corpus. The WRPA corpus currently covers person-related and authorship relations in English and Spanish, respectively, suggesting that, given adequate Wikipedia coverage, our method is independent of the language and the relation addressed. WRPA extracts entity pairs from structured information in Wikipedia applying dista

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Kermanidis, Markos. "Allegorie und Lob der Physik: Das Proömium der Paraphrase des Theodoros Metochites zu naturwissenschaftlichen Schriften des Aristoteles." Byzantinische Zeitschrift 115, no. 1 (2022): 143–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bz-2022-0006.

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Abstract The present paper undertakes a hermeneutic analysis of the hitherto little investigated preface of Theodore Metochites᾽ Paraphrase of the natural scientific works of Aristotle. Based on a problematic quotation at the very beginning of the proem, the article shows that paraphrase does not only mean, for Metochites, the language-specific clarification of the obscure Aristotelian texts but mainly the elucidation and simplification of the relationship of physics to the rest of the philosophical curriculum, as well as of the interconnection between Aristotle‘s separate treatises of natural

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Leushuis, Reinier. "Speaking the Gospel." Erasmus Studies 36, no. 2 (2016): 163–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18749275-03602007.

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In his Paraphrases on the synoptic gospels, Erasmus stages the voice of the evangelist speaking in the first-person singular to address the reader in the second-person singular. Such a marked interlocutorial setting is absent in Scripture, with the exception of Luke’s brief address to a certain Theophilus. More than a strategy to forestall criticisms directed at the author of the paraphrase, this direct engagement between biblical author and reader reveals a deeper concern for the transfer of gospel faith and gospel philosophy to the minds of his contemporaries. This essay examines the ways in

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