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Journal articles on the topic 'Paraprotein'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 July 2025

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1

Grass, Sandra, Klaus-Dieter Preuss, Stephan Thome, et al. "Paraproteins of familial MGUS/multiple myeloma target family-typical antigens: hyperphosphorylation of autoantigens is a consistent finding in familial and sporadic MGUS/MM." Blood 118, no. 3 (2011): 635–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-01-331454.

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Abstract Paratarg-7 (P-7) is a frequent paraprotein target in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), multiple myeloma (MM), and Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Patients with P-7-specific paraproteins carry a hyperphosphorylated paratarg-7 (pP-7). Because pP-7 carrier state is dominantly inherited, we determined the paraprotein targets in 4 families with familial MGUS/MM. No antigenic target was identified for the paraproteins from 2 members of one family. Paraproteins from affected members of 2 other families targeted P-7, and paraproteins from 4 affected members of a fourth

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2

Preuss, Klaus-Dieter, Michael Pfreundschuh, Natalie Fadle, et al. "Hyperphosphorylation of autoantigenic targets of paraproteins is due to inactivation of PP2A." Blood 118, no. 12 (2011): 3340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-04-351668.

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Abstract Paratarg-7, a frequent autoantigenic target, and all other autoantigenic targets of human paraproteins molecularly defined to date are hyperphosphorylated in the respective patients compared with healthy controls, suggesting that hyperphosphorylation of autoantigenic paraprotein targets is a general mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of these paraproteins. We now show that hyperphosphorylation of paratarg-7 occurs because of an additional phosphorylation of Ser17, which is located within the paraprotein-binding epitope. Coimmunoprecipitation identified phosphokinase C ζ (PKCζ) as t

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3

Yang, Yusong, Peter J. Howanitz, Joan H. Howanitz, Helen Gorfajn, and Keung Wong. "Paraproteins Are a Common Cause of Interferences With Automated Chemistry Methods." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132, no. 2 (2008): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2008-132-217-paacco.

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Abstract Context.—Previous studies have shown that paraproteins caused spurious results on individual analytes including total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), or HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). Studies demonstrating paraprotein interferences with multiple analytes measured by different analyzers have not been reported. Objective.—To systemically investigate interferences of paraproteins on TBIL, DBIL, and HDL-C measured by the Roche MODULAR and the Olympus AU2700. Design.—Eighty-eight serum specimens with monoclonal gammopathies were analyzed using the Roche MODULAR and the Olympus AU2700.

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Wang, Samuel Sherng Young, Christina Lai Lin Sum, Haoming Tang, et al. "Novel Use of Glacial Acetic Acid and Owren-Koller Buffer in the Laboratory Evaluation of Clotted Blood Sample Specimen from Immunoglobulin M Paraproteinemia with Hyperviscosity Syndrome." Journal of Applied Hematology 16, no. 2 (2025): 176–80. https://doi.org/10.4103/joah.joah_30_25.

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Abstract: It is not common to observe a variety of paraproteins produced in the body which are capable of leading to inaccurate values in laboratory testing. The current case report focused on an 82-year-old Malay male, initially presenting with symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome (HVS), including unilateral weakness and reduced level of effort tolerance, who had a paraprotein in the body that interfered with the values of the complete blood count (CBC) in the laboratory. A routine sample of CBC was dispatched to the laboratory and was reported as clotted in the automated analysis. The laborat

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5

Ng, VL, KM Hwang, GR Reyes, et al. "High titer anti-HIV antibody reactivity associated with a paraprotein spike in a homosexual male with AIDS related complex." Blood 71, no. 5 (1988): 1397–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v71.5.1397.1397.

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Abstract We observed a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected homosexual male with AIDS related complex (ARC) who had a serum globulin level of 80 g/L. Serum protein electrophoresis revealed a gamma globulin fraction of 40 g/L, of which 50% (20 g/L) was contained within a paraprotein spike, comprised predominantly of IgG kappa. This patient also had high titer anti-HIV antibodies in his serum, which were Western blot reactive at a final dilution of 1:500,000, and recognized gp120env, p66pol, p55gag, p53pol, p41gag, and p24gag. Because paraproteins in the past have been shown to be directe

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Ng, VL, KM Hwang, GR Reyes, et al. "High titer anti-HIV antibody reactivity associated with a paraprotein spike in a homosexual male with AIDS related complex." Blood 71, no. 5 (1988): 1397–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v71.5.1397.bloodjournal7151397.

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We observed a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected homosexual male with AIDS related complex (ARC) who had a serum globulin level of 80 g/L. Serum protein electrophoresis revealed a gamma globulin fraction of 40 g/L, of which 50% (20 g/L) was contained within a paraprotein spike, comprised predominantly of IgG kappa. This patient also had high titer anti-HIV antibodies in his serum, which were Western blot reactive at a final dilution of 1:500,000, and recognized gp120env, p66pol, p55gag, p53pol, p41gag, and p24gag. Because paraproteins in the past have been shown to be directed against

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7

Bowles, Shirley A., R. Campbell Tait, Stephen G. Jefferson, Maria H. Gilleece, and Mansel R. Haeney. "Characteristics of Monoclonal Immunoglobulins That Interfere with Serum Inorganic Phosphate Measurement." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 31, no. 3 (1994): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329403100306.

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The measurement of inorganic phosphate using an unmodified acid/molybdate assay is known to be subject to interference when paraproteinaemia exists. This phenomenon, due to precipitation in the reaction mixture, is not common to all paraproteins. We studied sera from 35 patients to determine whether interference in the assay was related to particular electrophysical characteristics of the paraproteins. There were spuriously elevated phosphate concentrations in 48·6% of the sera assayed. This could not be related to a direct effect of light chain type, electrical charge or IgG subclass. No IgA

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8

Chen, Robert, David L. Jaye, John D. Roback, Melanie A. Sherman, and Geoffrey H. Smith. "Automated Serum Protein Electrophoresis Interpretation Using Machine Learning-Based Algorithm for Paraprotein Detection." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (2020): S7—S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa137.013.

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Abstract Introduction The laboratory diagnostic criteria for plasma cell neoplasms such as multiple myeloma include the presence of a monoclonal paraprotein which may be identified by serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP). To date, there are no high-sensitivity screening methods for automated detection of serum paraproteins using machine learning. Methods Cases from a plasma cell neoplasm registry (n=501) were manually labeled for paraprotein status. Each case included categorical features for 31 laboratory results commonly reported in myeloma. We applied fast Fourier transform to the gamma reg

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9

Monk, Christopher, Michael Wallage, Julie Wassell, Alastair Whiteway, Jacqueline James, and Robert Beetham. "A monoclonal protein identified by an anomalous lipaemia index." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 46, no. 3 (2009): 250–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/acb.2008.008192.

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We describe a patient being investigated for anaemia where the lipaemia index on a Beckman Coulter DxC800 analyser was markedly elevated and out of keeping with the visual appearance of the serum. Subsequent investigation revealed a monoclonal IgM kappa immunoglobulin with type I cryoglobulin behaviour. The patient was then diagnosed with a non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma. We later identified a second patient with a similar anomalous index with an IgM lambda paraprotein, and a known marginal zone splenic lymphoma but were unable to confirm cryoglobulin behaviour prior to treatment. A review of 50

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10

Pisarevskaya, Olga, Aleksandra Kotelnikova, Sergey Kazakov, Nikolay Potekhin, and Oleg Rukavicyn. "The correlation between the level of secretion and the type of monoclonal paraprotein and kidney damage in lymphoproliferative disorders." Russian Medical and Social Journal 1, no. 1 (2019): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35571/rmsj.2019.1.003.

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Introduction. The course of lymphoproliferative diseases accompanied by the secretion of paraproteins is complicated by damage to the kidneys and the development of renal failure. There is a pathogenetic relationship between the physicochemical properties of monoclonal proteins and renal pathology. Objective: to find out the relationship between the type of monoclonal paraprotein, the level of its secretion and the degree of renal failure in lymphoproliferative diseases. Patients and methods. We analyzed 108 patients with lymphoproliferative diseases in whom secretion of paraprotei

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11

Henskens, Yvonne, John de Winter, Maurits Pekelharing, and Gabrielle Ponjee. "Detection and identification of monoclonal gammopathies by capillary electrophoresis." Clinical Chemistry 44, no. 6 (1998): 1184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/44.6.1184.

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Abstract Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and immunosubtraction capillary electrophoresis (IS-CE) were compared with the conventional methods agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) for detection and identification of paraproteins. In total, 74 paraproteins out of 468 serum samples were detected by both methods. Seventy-three monoclonal bands with concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 50.9 g/L were detected by the routine method. With CE, 70 paraproteins were detected and quantified on the electropherogram. Four paraproteins were not detected by CE; three of these

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12

Berenson, JR, A. Lichtenstein, S. Hart, D. Palomares, and RA Miller. "Expression of shared idiotypes by paraproteins from patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance." Blood 75, no. 11 (1990): 2107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v75.11.2107.2107.

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Abstract Twenty-nine murine monoclonal antibodies have been produced that react with shared idiotypes expressed by B-cell lymphomas and leukemias. We tested this panel of antibodies for reactivity with the paraproteins from 32 patients with multiple myeloma and 10 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Thirteen of 42 paraproteins reacted with at least one antibody in this panel of anti- idiotypic antibodies. Six different anti-idiotypes demonstrated reactivity with the paraproteins. A similar frequency of reactivity was found for both myeloma and MGUS proteins

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13

Berenson, JR, A. Lichtenstein, S. Hart, D. Palomares, and RA Miller. "Expression of shared idiotypes by paraproteins from patients with multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance." Blood 75, no. 11 (1990): 2107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v75.11.2107.bloodjournal75112107.

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Twenty-nine murine monoclonal antibodies have been produced that react with shared idiotypes expressed by B-cell lymphomas and leukemias. We tested this panel of antibodies for reactivity with the paraproteins from 32 patients with multiple myeloma and 10 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Thirteen of 42 paraproteins reacted with at least one antibody in this panel of anti- idiotypic antibodies. Six different anti-idiotypes demonstrated reactivity with the paraproteins. A similar frequency of reactivity was found for both myeloma and MGUS proteins. One ant

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14

Heher, Eliot C., Nelson B. Goes, Thomas R. Spitzer, et al. "Kidney disease associated with plasma cell dyscrasias." Blood 116, no. 9 (2010): 1397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-03-258608.

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Plasma cell dyscrasias are frequently encountered malignancies often associated with kidney disease through the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig). Paraproteins can cause a remarkably diverse set of pathologic patterns in the kidney and recent progress has been made in explaining the molecular mechanisms of paraprotein-mediated kidney injury. Other recent advances in the field include the introduction of an assay for free light chains and the use of novel antiplasma cell agents that can reverse renal failure in some cases. The role of stem cell transplantation, plasma exchange, and k

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15

Grass, Sandra, Klaus-Dieter Preuss, Alexandra Wikowicz, et al. "Hyperphosphorylated paratarg-7: a new molecularly defined risk factor for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance of the IgM type and Waldenström macroglobulinemia." Blood 117, no. 10 (2011): 2918–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-09-306076.

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Abstract We recently described paratarg-7 (P-7), a protein of unknown function, as the target of 15% of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG paraproteins in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma. To determine the frequency of P-7 as a paraprotein target in IgM-MGUS and Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), sera from patients with IgM-MGUS/WM were tested for reactivity with recombinant P-7 by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. The specificity of the paraprotein-mediated reaction was shown by absorption studies and cloning of the respective B-cell receptor. The

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16

Carney, Dennis A., Srinivas R. Mummadi, Susan A. Lerner, and Michael J. Keating. "Paraproteins in CLL Are Frequently the Product of Another Clone." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 1912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1912.1912.

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Abstract Paraproteins are found in 5–10% of CLL patients using conventional techniques and in a higher number using more sensitive techniques. The significance of this finding is uncertain although it has been suggested to be associated with a worse prognosis. When a paraprotein occurs with CLL it is usually considered to be a product of the leukemic clone. However there is an increased incidence of both B cell clonal expansions and monoclonal immunoglobulins (Igs) in the elderly suggesting an alternative source may exist. We examined the clinicopathological features of 34 cases of paraprotein

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17

Raijmakers, Maarten T. M., Philip H. M. Kuijper, Dirk L. Bakkeren, and Huib L. Vader. "The effect of paraproteins on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate: a comparison between the StarrSed and TEST 1." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 45, no. 6 (2008): 593–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/acb.2008.008062.

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Background The principle of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as assessed by TEST 1 is different from that of Westergren-based methods. This could result in different influences on the tests by paraproteins. Methods We investigated the effect of paraproteins on ESR readings by TEST 1 ( y) and the StarrSed ( x), a Westergren-based method, in 142 patients with paraproteinaemia. Agreement (Passing-Bablok) and bias (Bland–Altman) between methods was investigated and compared with that of a control population. Results A poor agreement between the two methods was found in patients with a para

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18

Grass, Sandra, Klaus-Dieter Preuss, Aleksandra Wikowicz, et al. "Hyperphosphorylation of Antigenic Targets of Paraproteins In MGUS and Multiple Myeloma (MM) Is a Consistent Finding: Implications for the Pathogenesis of MGUS/MM." Blood 116, no. 21 (2010): 4085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4085.4085.

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Abstract Abstract 4085 Background: Hyperphosphorylated paratarg-7 (pP-7) is the target of paraproteins in 15% of patients with MGUS/MM (Preuss et al. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:656-61). Carriers of pP-7 have an 8-times increased risk to develop IgA/IgG-MGUS and multiple myeloma (Grass et al., Lancet Oncology 2009; 10:950-956) and a 6.5 times increased risk to develop IgM-MGUS and Waldenström′s macroglobulinemia (Grass et al., Blood 2009;114:1513s). Analysis of affected families showed that pP-7 is inherited in a dominant fashion. Thus, pP-7 is the first molecularly defined autosomal-dominant risk

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19

Grass, Sandra, Klaus-Dieter Preuss, Alexandra Wikowicz, et al. "Hyperphosphorylated Paratarg-7 Is a Frequent Antigenic Target of IgM Paraproteins, Is Dominantly Inherited and Represents a Highly Significant Risk Factor for Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance of the IgM Type (IgM-MGUS) and Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia (WM), Allowing for the Identification of Family Members at Risk in Cases of Familial IgM-MGUS and WM." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 3935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3935.3935.

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Abstract Abstract 3935 Poster Board III-871 Background Antigenic targets of paraproteins in MGUS, multiple Myeloma (MM) and WM might play a role in the pathogenesis of these neoplasms by chronic antigenic stimulation, but very few have been identified, of which most were specific for one individual paraprotein only. In contrast, we recently described paratarg-7, a protein of unknown function which is expressed in all human tissues as the target of 15% of IgA and IgG paraproteins in MGUS and MM (Grass et al.; Lancet Oncology 2009 in press). Methods To determine if and how frequently paratarg-7

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20

Dennis, P. M., B. Biegler, and R. Papas. "Improved Measurement of Monoclonal Paraproteins in Serum Using Agarose Gel Electrophoresis." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 24, no. 1 (1987): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456328702400111.

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Serum paraproteins can be accurately and precisely measured by means of agarose gel electrophoresis and densitometry at 520 nm after staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue G. The results obtained for this method agree closely with the quantity of paraprotein recoverable from preparative agarose gel electrophoresis. The method is preferable to cellulose acetate electrophoresis stained with Ponceau S.

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21

Smellie, W. Stuart A., and Gavin P. Spickett. "Paraprotein management." BMJ 333, no. 7560 (2006): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.333.7560.185.

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22

Bravou, Vasiliki, Adam G. McLean, Marina Loucaidou, Tom D. Cairns, Herbert T. Cook, and Candice A. Roufosse. "Paraprotein ‘zippers’." Kidney International 80, no. 1 (2011): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ki.2011.54.

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23

Holding, Stephen, Dorothy Spradbery, Robin Hoole, et al. "Prevalence of Abnormal Serum Free Light Chain Ratio in Monoclonal Gammopathies at Presentation and Sensitivity for Bence Jones Proteinuria." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 1495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.1495.1495.

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Abstract Introduction: Recent data suggest that serum monoclonal free light chain ratio (LCR) may have prognostic significance in monoclonal gammopathies. We routinely assay serum free light chains (FLC) in all new patients with a monoclonal gammopathy with the primary aim of identifying patients with a significant level of free light chain. We made a retrospective analysis of these data in order to establish the range of results observed in our patients and to establish a cohort of patients who will be followed up to evaluate the prognostic significance of LCR abnormalities. Aims: To identify

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24

Norden, A. G., L. M. Fulcher, and A. D. Heys. "Rapid typing of serum paraproteins by immunoblotting without antigen-excess artifacts." Clinical Chemistry 33, no. 8 (1987): 1433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.8.1433.

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Abstract In this new immunoblotting procedure for determining the heavy-chain class and light-chain type of monoclonal serum immunoglobulins, proteins are transferred from agarose electrophoretic gels to nitrocellulose by brief capillary blotting. Paraproteins transferred are detected with appropriate horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antisera to light chain and heavy chain. Examination of 121 serum specimens probably containing a paraprotein (as detected by protein staining) by immunoblotting and by immunofixation gave the same results for 116 specimens: paraproteins were typed in 103 specime

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25

Heriot, K., A. E. Hallquist, and R. H. Tomar. "Paraproteinemia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS)." Clinical Chemistry 31, no. 7 (1985): 1224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.7.1224.

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Abstract Eight of 15 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and six of nine patients with lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) had paraproteins in their sera. Twelve of these 14 were IgG kappa; the other two had no demonstrable light chains. The relationship of the paraprotein to the pathogenesis of AIDS is not clear, but we discuss its relation to derangements of B-cell immune regulation and function and to B-cell tumors in AIDS patients.

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Ho, A. D., A. Pezzutto, B. Dörken, W. Hunstein, and K. Schwechheimer. "Plasmozytome ohne Paraprotein." DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 110, no. 22 (2008): 874–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1068923.

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Писаревская, О. Н., А. Н. Котельникова, С. П. Казаков, Е. В. Крюков, Н. П. Потехин, and О. А. Рукавицын. "Nephropathy in Lymphoproliferative Diseases with Secretion of Paraproteins." Гематология. Трансфузиология. Восточная Европа, no. 1 (May 25, 2020): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2020.6.1.008.

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Введение. Течение лимфопролиферативных заболеваний, сопровождающихся секрецией парапротеинов, часто осложняется нефропатией с развитием почечной недостаточности. Прослеживается патогенетическая связь между физико-химическими свойствами моноклональных белков и почечной патологией.Цель исследования: выяснить существование взаимосвязи между типом моноклонального парапротеина, уровнем его секреции и влиянием на развитие почечной недостаточности при лимфопролиферативных заболеваниях.Материалы и методы. Проанализировано 108 пациентов с лимфопролиферативными заболеваниями, у которых выявлялась секрец

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Grass, Sandra, Klaus-Dieter Preuss, Aleksandra Wikowicz, et al. "New Insights in the Pathogenesis of MGUS, Multiple Myeloma (MM) and Waldenström`s Macroglobulinemia (WM): Chronic Antigenic Stimulation by Autoantigenic Targets of Paraproteins Is Mediated by CD4+ t-Cells." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.472.472.

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Abstract Abstract 472 Hyperphosphorylated paratarg-7 (pP-7) is the target of paraproteins in 15% of Caucasian, 4.5% of Asian and 28% of Afro-American patients with MGUS/MM. Carriers of pP-7 have an 8 to 13 times increased risk to develop IgA/IgG-MGUS and multiple myeloma (Grass et al., Lancet Oncology 2009; 10:950–956) and a 6.5 times increased risk to develop IgM-MGUS and Waldenstrom`s macroglobulinemia (Grass et al., Blood. 2011 Mar 10;117(10):2918–23.). Analysis of affected families showed that pP-7 is inherited in a dominant fashion, explaining cases of familial MGUS/MM/WM. Since paratarg-

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29

Klouche, M., A. R. Bradwell, D. Wilhelm, and H. Kirchner. "Subclass typing of IgG paraproteins by immunofixation electrophoresis." Clinical Chemistry 41, no. 10 (1995): 1475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/41.10.1475.

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Abstract We present a simple method for subclass typing of IgG paraproteins, with which we have demonstrated a large number of paraproteins that were undetected by conventional immunofixation techniques. The types and distribution of IgG subclass paraproteins were analyzed in 92 human sera in which IgG paraproteins had been demonstrated. The IgG subclass paraproteins were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis rapidly and simply and then typed with the use of sheep anti-human monospecific IgG1-IgG4 antibodies. In 24 of the sera analyzed, IgG subclass typing revealed 25 additional monoclonal

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Ayto, Robert M., Christopher Lambert, Irvin Lampert, and Nina Salooja. "Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance with an IgE Paraprotein." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 4744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4744.4744.

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Abstract Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance (MGUS) is a non-malignant condition characterized by a serum paraprotein, low numbers of plasma cells on bone marrow examination(<10%) and the absence of end organ damage. The transformation rate of MGUS to multiple myeloma is frequently quoted as about 1% per year. IgG, IgM and IgA paraproteins account for virtually all cases of MGUS with only the rare literature report of IgD or IgE isotypes. To our knowledge there is only one published case of IgE MGUS (Ludwig and Vormittag 1980; BMJ, 281:6239, 539–540). IgE Myeloma is an extremely r

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Pysarevskaya, O. N., A. N. Kotelnikova, S. P. Kazakov, N. P. Potekhin, and O. A. Rukavitsyn. "The role of paraproteins in kidney damage in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases." Oncohematology 14, no. 3 (2019): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1818-8346-2019-14-3-60-68.

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Background. The course of lymphoproliferative diseases, in which the proliferation of a malignant clone is accompanied by the secretion of paraproteins, is often complicated by kidney damage. Perhaps kidney damage is associated with the physicochemical properties of monoclonal proteins.The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between the type of monoclonal paraprotein, its level of secretion, and kidney damage in lymphoproliferative diseasesMaterials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the data of 108 patients with lymphoproliferative diseases accompanied by paraprotei

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Preuss, Klaus-Dieter, Natalie Fadle, Evi Regitz, and Michael Pfreundschuh. "Sumoylated HSP-90 Is a Frequent Autosomal-Inherited Target of Paraproteins in Monoclonal Gammopathies." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.26.26.

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Abstract Background Chronic antigenic stimulation might have a role in the pathogenesis of monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma. We previously identified a group of 11 autoantigenic paraprotein targets (paratargs) of which paratarg-7 is the most frequent, found in ~15 % of all MGUS/MM/Waldenstrom patients. These paratarg autoantigens all have in common to be 1) recognised by patients paraprotein with an extreme high titer (>1:1011), 2) hyperphosphorylated in patients, and 3) their phosphorylation carrier state is autosomal-dominant inherited in patients

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Neumann, Frank, Boris Kubuschok, Klaus-Dieter Preuss, Claudia Schormann, and Michael Pfreundschuh. "Peripheral B Cells from Patients with MGUS and Multiple Myeloma (MM) Can Be Stimulated by Paraprotein-Target Specific T-Helper Cells to Produce Paraprotein-Identical Monoclonal Antibodies: Rationale for PARs, a Novel Therapeutic Approach with Ultimate Specificity in MGUS/MM." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.1817.1817.

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Abstract Background: Paratarg-7 (P-7) is the antigenic target of paraproteins(Preuss et al. Int J Cancer 2009;125:656-61) from 15% of European and 37% of African-American MGUS/MM patients, stronlgy supporting a role of P-7 in the pathogenesis of MGUS/MM via chronic auto-antigenic stimulation. All patients with P-7 specific paraproteins are carriers of the hyperphosphorylated version of p-7 (pP-7). We recently identified pP-7 specific T-helper cells which were restricted by certain "permissive" HLA-DR haplotypes (Neumann et al., Int J Cancer 2015; 137:1076-1084). These HLA-DR subtypes are overr

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Doshi, Mona, Amit Lahoti, Farhad R. Danesh, Vecihi Batuman, and Paul W. Sanders. "Paraprotein–Related Kidney Disease: Kidney Injury from Paraproteins—What Determines the Site of Injury?" Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 11, no. 12 (2016): 2288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.02560316.

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Miao, Jing, Sandra M. Herrmann, Zainab Obaidi, Tiffany Caza, and Marco Bonilla. "Paraprotein-Mediated Glomerular Diseases." Advances in Kidney Disease and Health 31, no. 4 (2024): 358–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.akdh.2024.02.005.

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LeGatt, Donald F., and Trefor N. Higgins. "Paraprotein Interference in Immunoassays." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 37, no. 3 (2015): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ftd.0000000000000171.

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Rana, Ritika, Jennifer H. Pinney, and Helen J. Lachmann. "Paraprotein-related renal disease." Medicine 47, no. 10 (2019): 666–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2019.07.006.

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Maniatis, Alice. "Pathophysiology of paraprotein production." Renal Failure 20, no. 6 (1998): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08860229809045179.

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Pisarevskaya, O. N., S. A. Alekseev, and O. A. Rukavitsyn. "Monoclonal immunoglobulin as a prognostic factor for the severity of bone damage in paraproteinemic hemoblastoses and Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia." Oncohematology 19, no. 1 (2024): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1818-8346-2024-19-1-56-69.

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Aim. Identify risk factors for the development of osteodestructive syndrome. To determine the relationship between the types of secreted monoclonal immunoglobulin (paraprotein) and the severity of osteodestructive syndrome in patients with paraproteinemic hemoblastoses (PH) and Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM).Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 116 patients with PH and WM was performed. 104 patients (89.6 %) were diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Less commonly observed were WM (in 8 patients – 6.9 %), plasma cell leukemia (in 2 patients – 1.8 %), solitary plasmacyt

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Wakeman, Lisa J., John O. Lewis, Keith Morris, Ann Benton, Roger C. Munro, and Saad Al-Ismail. "Serum Folate Measurement by Chemiluminescence in Patients with Paraproteinaemia." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 4193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4193.4193.

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Abstract Introduction: Paraproteins cause interference in many assays systems due to increased viscosity and/or by non-specific binding to either analytes or reagents which may variably affect the results. There is abundant evidence to indicate that performance characteristics of automated, competitive protein-binding assays for folate assays are normally sound, but there is a paucity of data comparing folate assays in patients with paraproteinaemia compared to normals. Method: Serum samples were prepared from venous blood taken into Greiner Vacuette containers (code: 456018) in fifty patients

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Sompuram, Seshi R., Gerassimos Bastas, Kodela Vani, and Steven A. Bogen. "Accurate identification of paraprotein antigen targets by epitope reconstruction." Blood 111, no. 1 (2008): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-05-090654.

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We describe the first successful clinical application of a new discovery technology, epitope-mediated antigen prediction (E-MAP), to the investigation of multiple myeloma. Until now, there has been no reliable, systematic method to identify the cognate antigens of paraproteins. E-MAP is a variation of previous efforts to reconstruct the epitopes of paraproteins, with the significant difference that it provides enough epitope sequence data so as to enable successful protein database searches. We first reconstruct the paraprotein's epitope by analyzing the peptides that strongly bind. Then, we c

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Smith, I., M. Smith, D. Mathias, and J. Wallis. "Cryoglobulinaemia and septal perforation: a rare but logical cause." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 7 (1996): 668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100134565.

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AbstractA case of nasal septal perforation secondary to cryoglobulinaemia is reported. In this instance the cryoglobulinaemia was due to Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia (lymphoplasmocytic lymphoma with IgM paraprotein) in which the paraprotein was a potent cryoglobulin.

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Ng, VL, KH Chen, KM Hwang, H. Khayam-Bashi, and MS McGrath. "The clinical significance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1- associated paraproteins." Blood 74, no. 7 (1989): 2471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.7.2471.2471.

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Abstract We observed and characterized paraproteins present in the serum of seven human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals. Immunoglobulin (Ig) subclass typing performed on these paraproteins identified five as IgG1 kappa, one as an IgG3 lambda, and one as an IgA lambda. The IgG1 kappa paraproteins, purified by high-pressure liquid chromatography, contained the majority of anti-HIV-1 antibody reactivity present in the five serum specimens (ranging from 1:5,000 to 1:500,000) as demonstrated by immunoblot. All five IgG1 paraproteins had at least two light chain species as

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Ng, VL, KH Chen, KM Hwang, H. Khayam-Bashi, and MS McGrath. "The clinical significance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1- associated paraproteins." Blood 74, no. 7 (1989): 2471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.7.2471.bloodjournal7472471.

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We observed and characterized paraproteins present in the serum of seven human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals. Immunoglobulin (Ig) subclass typing performed on these paraproteins identified five as IgG1 kappa, one as an IgG3 lambda, and one as an IgA lambda. The IgG1 kappa paraproteins, purified by high-pressure liquid chromatography, contained the majority of anti-HIV-1 antibody reactivity present in the five serum specimens (ranging from 1:5,000 to 1:500,000) as demonstrated by immunoblot. All five IgG1 paraproteins had at least two light chain species as demonstr

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Trendelenburg, Marten, Christoph Hess, Mitsuko Kondo-Oestreicher, Jean D. Tissot, Peter Späth, and Jürg A. Schifferli. "Monomeric Complement-Activating IgG Paraproteins." Journal of Immunology 163, no. 12 (1999): 6924–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.163.12.6924.

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Abstract Three patients presented a unique syndrome of recurrent panniculitis with an IgGκ paraprotein and depletion of the early components of the classical pathway of complement. The IgGκ paraproteins were monomers with a normal structure, and with no evidence for aggregation, as assessed by electron microscopy and ultracentrifugation. Both heavy and light chains were of normal molecular size (SDS-PAGE), and the paraproteins were not heavily glycosylated. However, the paraproteins from all three patients had unusual features that included abnormal behavior on gel filtration chromatography an

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Yu, Qiqi, Kran Suknuntha, Weixiong Zhong, Daniel R. Matson, Aaron S. Hess, and William N. Rose. "Plasmapheresis for Thrombotic Microangiopathy Due to a Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder." OBM Transplantation 6, no. 2 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.transplant.2202160.

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We report a case of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) diagnosed in the kidney allograft of a 59-year-old woman who had developed plasmacytoma type monomorphic posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) 30 years after a simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplant. This report demonstrates a rare etiology of TMA in a kidney allograft occurring in association with PTLD-associated monoclonal gammopathy. The main teaching points are: 1) PTLD may be considered in the work-up of a new TMA in the immunosuppressed post-transplant setting, and 2) a paraprotein-associated condition should be consi

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Choi, Moon Kyung, Prapaipan Putthapiban, and Patamaporn Lekprasert. "Falsely Elevated 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Hypercalcemia." Case Reports in Endocrinology 2020 (August 9, 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8873506.

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Symptomatic hypercalcemia is a commonly encountered clinical scenario. Though it is important to collect detailed history to find clinical clues connecting to the etiology of hypercalcemia, the diagnostic workup of hypercalcemia depends heavily on laboratory analysis. Accurate measurement of the parathyroid hormone and vitamin D levels is essential. However, commercial laboratory measurement of vitamin D levels can be erroneous in the setting of abundant paraprotein in the serum. One of the most common conditions that can cause an increased amount of paraproteins is multiple myeloma. We report

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Kobara, Miyuki, Tohru Inaba, Satoaki Matoba, and Tetsuo Nakata. "Discrepant serum creatinine concentrations caused by paraprotein interference preceding diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance." BMJ Case Reports 17, no. 4 (2024): e256242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2023-256242.

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We report a man in his 70s who presented with discrepant serum creatinine concentrations in different hospitals at the same time. Further examinations of these discrepancies revealed turbidity of the serum sample and, thus, a reagent reaction and false hypercreatinine caused by paraprotein interference were suspected. Serum protein electrophoresis revealed a small amount of monoclonal γ globulin (2.9 g/L), which may have been involved in paraprotein interference. Monoclonal λ-type IgG was detected in the serum, resulting in a diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Pre

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García-González, Elena, Maite Aramendía, Ricardo González-Tarancón, Naiara Romero-Sánchez, and Luis Rello. "Detecting paraprotein interference on a direct bilirubin assay by reviewing the photometric reaction data." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 55, no. 8 (2017): 1178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2016-0690.

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Abstract Background: The direct bilirubin (D-Bil) assay on the AU Beckman Coulter instrumentation can be interfered by paraproteins, which may result in spurious D-Bil results. In a previous work, we took advantage of this fact to detect this interference, thus helping with the identification of patients with unsuspected monoclonal gammopathies. In this work, we investigate the possibility to detect interference based on the review of the photometric reactions, regardless of the D-Bil result. Methods: The D-Bil assay was carried out in a set of 2164 samples. It included a group of 164 samples

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Zaman, Z., L. Sneyers, A. Van Orshoven, N. Blanckaert, and G. Mariën. "Elimination of paraprotein interference in determination of plasma inorganic phosphate by ammonium molybdate method." Clinical Chemistry 41, no. 4 (1995): 609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/41.4.609.

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Abstract Phosphate concentrations were determined in 52 cases of paraproteinemia. The unmodified acidic ammonium molybdate method produced 19% spuriously high results. The false increase of phosphate concentration was attributable to formation of precipitate in the reaction mixture. The precipitate was formed by interaction between immunoglobulins and the unmodified acidic ammonium molybdate reagent. The magnitude of interference bore no relation to the type, concentrations, or isoelectric point of the paraproteins or to the presence or absence of free light chains. Diluting the sample to appr

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