Journal articles: 'Parasuicide. Borderline personality disorder. Emotions'

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Kehrer, Constance A., and Marsha M. Linehan. "Interpersonal and Emotional Problem Solving Skills and Parasuicide among Women with Borderline Personality Disorder." Journal of Personality Disorders 10, no. 2 (June 1996): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1996.10.2.153.

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Startup, Mike, Heidi Heard, Michaela Swales, Bethan Jones, J. Mark G. Williams, and Robert S. P. Jones. "Autobiographical memory and parasuicide in borderline personality disorder." British Journal of Clinical Psychology 40, no. 2 (June 2001): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/014466501163535.

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Winter, Dorina, Bernet Elzinga, and Christian Schmahl. "Emotions and Memory in Borderline Personality Disorder." Psychopathology 47, no. 2 (December 13, 2013): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000356360.

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Chapman, Alexander L. "Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation." Development and Psychopathology 31, no. 3 (June 6, 2019): 1143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579419000658.

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AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe and complex disorder characterized by instability across many life domains, including interpersonal relations, behavior, and emotions. A core feature and contributor to BPD, emotion dysegulation (ED), consists of deficits in the ability to regulate emotions in a manner that allows the individual to pursue important goals or behave effectively in various contexts. Biosocial developmental models of BPD have emphasized a transaction of environmental conditions (e.g., invalidating environments and adverse childhood experiences) with key genetically linked vulnerabilities (e.g., impulsivity and emotional vulnerability) in the development of ED and BPD. Emerging evidence has begun to highlight the complex, heterotypic pathways to the development of BPD, with key heritable vulnerability factors possibly interacting with aspects of the rearing environment to produce worsening ED and an adolescent trajectory consisting of self-damaging behaviors and eventual BPD. Adults with BPD have shown evidence of a variety of cognitive, physiological, and behavioral characteristics of ED. As the precursors to the development of ED and BPD have become clearer, prevention and treatment efforts hold great promise for reducing the long-term suffering, functional impairment, and considerable societal costs associated with BPD.

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Daros, A. R., K. K. Zakzanis, and A. C. Ruocco. "Facial emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder." Psychological Medicine 43, no. 9 (November 13, 2012): 1953–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712002607.

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BackgroundEmotion dysregulation represents a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Deficits in emotion perception are thought to underlie this clinical feature, although studies examining emotion recognition abilities in BPD have yielded inconsistent findings.MethodThe results of 10 studies contrasting facial emotion recognition in patients with BPD (n = 266) and non-psychiatric controls (n = 255) were quantitatively synthesized using meta-analytic techniques.ResultsPatients with BPD were less accurate than controls in recognizing facial displays of anger and disgust, although their most pronounced deficit was in correctly identifying neutral (no emotion) facial expressions. These results could not be accounted for by speed/accuracy in the test-taking approach of BPD patients.ConclusionsPatients with BPD have difficulties recognizing specific negative emotions in faces and may misattribute emotions to faces depicting neutral expressions. The contribution of state-related emotion perception biases to these findings requires further clarification.

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Reisch, T., U. W. Ebner-Priemer, W. Tschacher, M. Bohus, and M. M. Linehan. "Sequences of emotions in patients with borderline personality disorder." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 118, no. 1 (July 2008): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01222.x.

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Bortolan, Anna. "Narratively Shaped Emotions: The Case of Borderline Personality Disorder." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 45, no. 2 (February 19, 2020): 212–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhz037.

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Abstract In this article, I provide a phenomenological exploration of the role played by narrativity in shaping affective experience. I start by surveying and identifying different ways in which linguistic and narrative expression contribute to structure and regulate emotions, and I then expand on these insights by taking into consideration the phenomenology of borderline personality disorder. Disruptions of narrative abilities have been shown to be central to the illness, and I argue that these disruptions are at the origin of a number of alterations of affective experience. In particular, I suggest that due to the narrative “fragmentation” characteristic of the disorder, the emotions experienced by borderline patients can be less differentiated and have a predominantly bodily and unregulated character.

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Welch, Stacy Shaw, and Marsha M. Linehan. "High-Risk Situations Associated with Parasuicide and Drug Use in Borderline Personality Disorder." Journal of Personality Disorders 16, no. 6 (December 2002): 561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.16.6.561.22141.

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Anghel, Alexandra-Cristina, Daria-Elvira Cosma, Ramona Năstase, and Simona Trifu. "BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER WITH PARANOID ELEMENTS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 3 (April 6, 2021): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i3.2021.3796.

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The case of patient V is one you want to dig for, being an example in which a Cluster B disorder (i.e., borderline personality disorder) is also accompanied by elements from Cluster A (such as those in the paranoid area). Symptoms from the dependent personality can be involved. Objective: The presentation of a medical case of an 18-year-old young man, initially diagnosed at the age of 16 with Bipolar Affective Personality Disorder, and whose personality structure is better explained by a Borderline Disorder is the aim of the present article. Method: The patient was hospitalized involuntarily. He was under medical supervision and treatment. He also underwent specialized investigations (EEG, brain CT), psychological and personality tests, as well as daily monitoring. Throughout the procedure there have been a collaboration with his family and the authorities. Results: From the detailed anamnesis and the reconstruction of the significant life events, a borderline personality structure emerged, having a paranoid core that provided V the capacity of being goal-oriented. The personality scales also showed elements of an antisocial nature, manipulation and desire to be socially liked. Psychodynamic interpretations show an emotional flattening, avoidance of being in touch with he's own emotions and feelings, his unconscious mind housing an unbearable pain. Conclusions: The diagnosis of Bipolar Personality Disorder, sustained two years ago, is refuted, the patient being included in an axis II frame (i.e. borderline personality with a strong paranoid core and pathology of addiction)

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Bodner, E., S. Cohen-Fridel, and I. Ianco. "Staff attitudes towards patients with borderline personality disorder." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72715-8.

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IntroductionBDP is a common diagnosis in hospitals and community settings, estimated at 20% and 11%, respectively. Nevertheless, the attitudes and skills of all mental health professionals regarding the treatment of these patients had hardly been studied.ObjectivesDevelop tools and use them to understand staff attitudes towards BDP patients.Aims(1)To develop two inventories for the measurement of cognitive and emotional attitudes towards borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients and their treatment;(2)To use these tools to understand and compare attitudes of psychiatrists, psychologists and nurses toward BPD patients.MethodTwo lists of items referring to cognitive and emotional attitudes towards BPD patients were formulated. Nurses, psychologists and psychiatrist (n = 57), working in public psychiatric institutions rated their level of agreement with each item. Both lists of attitudes yielded three factors (cognitive: required treatment, suicidal tendencies, and antagonistic judgment, and emotional: negative emotions, experienced difficulties in treatment, and empathy, respectively).ResultsPsychologists scored lower than psychiatrists and nurses on antagonistic judgments. Nurses scored lower than psychiatrists and psychologists on empathy. Regression stepwise analyses on the three emotional attitudes separately showed that suicidal tendencies of BPD patients mainly explained negative emotions and difficulties in treating these patients. All groups were interested in learning more about the treatment of these patients.ConclusionsSuicidal tendencies of BPD patients provoke antagonistic judgments among the three professions. Psychiatrists, psychologists and nurses hold distinctive cognitive and emotional attitudes towards these patients. Staff training programs regarding BDP patients should consider these differences and concerns.

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Renneberg, Babette, Katrin Heyn, Rita Gebhard, and Silke Bachmann. "Facial expression of emotions in borderline personality disorder and depression." Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 36, no. 3 (September 2005): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2005.05.002.

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Pergjini, Marindela, Evangelos Fradelos, and Ioanna V. Papathanasiou. "Borderline personality disorder and nursing approach." Mental Health: Global Challenges Journal 3, no. 1 (September 15, 2020): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32437/mhgcj.v3i1.81.

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Introduction: Borderline Personality Disorder, is one of the ten Personality Disorders. These Disorders are split into three categories, with the Borderline being part of the second one where elements of dramatization and emotional instability are frequently evident. Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to investigate and highlight the characteristics, the treatment and nursing approach for people with this disorder. Methodology: The study material consisted of articles on the topic found in Greek and international databases such as: PubMed, Cochrane, Hellenic Academic Libraries Association (HEAL-Link), Scopus and PsycINFO, using keywords as: “Borderline Personality Disorder”, “Diagnosis”, “Therapy”, “Treatment”, “Holistic Care”, “Nursing Care”. Results: Bordeline Personality Disorder is characterized as a condition in which a person differs significantly from the average of people, about how he thinks, perceives, feels or relates to others. Treatment for this Disorder does not exist, however medication is used to remission the symptoms. Nurses are part of the treatment team. They’re going to help the patient learn to live with the symptoms of his disorder. As these people are special patients, nurses must learn from their training not to focus on the patient's problem, but on the patient himself. Conclusions: The key characteristics of Borderline are impulsivity and instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image and emotions. As there is no treatment, nurses as members of the treatment team must develop a relationship of trust with the patient in order to be able to help him in his recovery. It is important for nurses to be able to properly approach the person with Borderline Personality Disorder to learn to adapt according to his personality

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Morozova, V. "PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PEOPLE WITH BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDERS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 2 (9) (2018): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2018.2(9).12.

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The article presents the results of an empirical study of the psychological features of people with signs of borderline personality disorder. The study involved 40 people with signs of borderline personality disorder aged 14-56 years. According to the purpose of the study, the following tasks have been set: To investigate personality with borderline disorder; Identify and evaluate the neurotic states of a person with a borderline personality disorder; Conduct correlation analysis to investigate trends in the relationship between the indicator of the number of signs of borderline disorder and personal characteristics. The following research methods were used: 5PFQ Big Five technique (R. McCray, P. Costa), Clinical questionnaire for the detection and evaluation of neurotic conditions (KK Yakhin, DM Mendelevich) and Methods for diagnosing borderline personality disorder (TY Lasovskaya, CP Korolenko, SV Yaechnikov). The data obtained were subjected to a mathematical and statistical analysis procedure using the SPSS Statistic program. It is proved that emotional lability (instability of emotions), impulsiveness and self-harming behavior are important diagnostic criteria of a borderline personality disorder. High level of manifestation of signs of borderline personality disorder is accompanied by such mental states of disadaptation as neurotic depression, asthenia, tension and anxiety.

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Markar, H. R., J. M. G. Williams, J. Wells, and L. Gordon. "Occurrence of schizotypal and borderline symptoms in parasuicide patients: comparison between subjective and objective indices." Psychological Medicine 21, no. 2 (May 1991): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700020493.

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SYNOPSISSeventy-six patients were interviewed within a week of admission following a parasuicide episode. Axis II diagnosis on DSM-III was made for schizotypal, borderline, histrionic, and antisocial personality disorder. In addition patients completed a self-rating questionnaire, the Schizotypy Questionnaire of Claridge & Broks (1984), which assesses schizotypal and borderline personality traits. The objective and subjective indices of schizotypal and borderline symptoms correlated significantly but allocation of patients to a diagnosis missed several patients who nevertheless rated themselves as having a high frequency of these symptoms. There was an asymmetry of symptom pattern reminiscent of Foulds & Bedford's (1975) hierarchy model. The presence of schizotypal symptoms appeared to be higher in the hierarchy: they predicted borderline symptoms, but a high frequency of borderline symptoms did not necessarily predict schizotypy. We suggest that the occurrence of schizotypal symptoms should become a more explicit focus of clinical assessment and treatment of these patients, especially those who repeatedly harm themselves and we suggest ways in which cognitive therapies may be adapted to do this.

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Gulamani, Tahira, Achala H. Rodrigo, Amanda A. Uliaszek, and Anthony C. Ruocco. "Facial Emotion Perception in Families Affected With Borderline Personality Disorder." Journal of Personality Disorders 35, Supplement A (March 2021): 132–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2021_35_514.

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Emotion perception biases may precipitate problematic interpersonal interactions in families affected with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and lead to conflictual relationships. In the present study, the authors investigated the familial aggregation of facial emotion recognition biases for neutral, happy, sad, fearful, and angry expressions in probands with BPD (n = 89), first-degree biological relatives (n = 67), and healthy controls (n = 87). Relatives showed comparable accuracy and response times to controls in recognizing negative emotions in aggregate and most discrete emotions. For sad expressions, both probands and relatives displayed slower response latencies, and they were more likely than controls to perceive sad expressions as fearful. Nonpsychiatrically affected relatives were slower than controls in responding to negative emotional expressions in aggregate, and fearful and sad facial expressions more specifically. These findings uncover potential biases in perceiving sad and fearful facial expressions that may be transmitted in families affected with BPD.

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Ortega-Díaz, Esther, Jonatan García-Campos, Alejandro Moya-Martínez, Clara Ramírez-Cremades, José M. Rico-Gomis, Carlos Cuesta-Moreno, Antonio Palazón-Bru, Gabriel Estan-Cerezo, José A. Piqueras, and Jesús Rodríguez-Marín. "Theory of Mind in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Possible Endophenotypic Factor?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 19, 2021): 3193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063193.

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The purpose of this study is to examine whether theory of mind (ToM) is an endophenotypic marker of borderline personality disorder (BPD), thus constituting an etiopathogenic factor of the disease. This would suggest familial vulnerability to BPD. This was a case-control study involving 146 individuals with 57 BPD patients, 32 first-degree relatives, and 57 controls (median age of BPD and control = 33.4 years; relatives = 52.9 years; BPD females and controls = 91.2%; female relatives = 62.5%). All the participants completed the Spanish version of the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition test to evaluate the ToM subclassification: interpretation of emotions, thoughts and intentions. BPD patients and their healthy first-degree relatives exhibited significant deficits in the correct interpretation of emotions and intentions compared to healthy controls. Both patients with BPD and their healthy first-degree relatives exhibited significant deficits in ToM, which suggests that it may be an etiopathogenic factor of BPD, and ToM (interpretation of emotions, thoughts and intentions) is a possible endophenotypic marker of BPD, suggesting a genetic predisposition to the disorder. Therefore, ToM could be considered as an indicator for the early detection of the disorder of and intervention for BPD.

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DOMES, GREGOR, BRITTA WINTER, KNUT SCHNELL, KNUT VOHS, KRISTINA FAST, and SABINE C. HERPERTZ. "The influence of emotions on inhibitory functioning in borderline personality disorder." Psychological Medicine 36, no. 8 (May 15, 2006): 1163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706007756.

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Background. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by an emotionally unstable and impulsive cognitive and behavioral style. Inhibitory dysfunction has been hypothesized as playing a crucial role in BPD psychopathology. This study aimed to systematically investigate differential inhibitory functions in patients with BPD as compared to healthy controls, and to investigate their expected impairment in the context of aversive emotions by comparing performances in neuropsychological tasks that present both neutral and emotional material.Method. Unmedicated female patients with BPD (n=28) were compared with age-matched healthy female controls (n=30) in the following tasks: the emotional Stroop test (inhibition of interference), directed forgetting (intentional, resource-dependent inhibition), and an emotional variant of the negative priming task (automatic, resource-independent inhibition).Results. In comparison with the controls, the BPD patients showed reduced inhibition of negative material in the directed forgetting task and in the negative priming task. No effect was found in the emotional Stroop test. Significant correlations with current affect as well as trait anxiety and anger (but not impulsiveness) were found in the BPD group specifically for negative stimuli, while no such correlations were found in the control group. In addition to inhibitory deficiencies, BPD patients had difficulties remembering positive words in the directed forgetting task.Conclusions. Our data suggest that individuals with BPD have difficulties in actively suppressing irrelevant information when it is of an aversive nature. Inhibitory dysfunction appears to be closely related to state and trait variables of unstable affect, but not to self-reported impulsiveness.

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Robin, Marion, Alexandra Pham-Scottez, Florence Curt, Corinne Dugre-Le Bigre, Mario Speranza, David Sapinho, Maurice Corcos, Sylvie Berthoz, and Gayannée Kedia. "Decreased sensitivity to facial emotions in adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder." Psychiatry Research 200, no. 2-3 (December 2012): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.03.032.

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Wolkenstein, Larissa, Felicitas Rombold-Bruehl, Tiffany Bingmann, Anja Sommer, Philipp Kanske, and Christian Plewnia. "Challenging control over emotions in borderline personality disorder - a tDCS study." Neuropsychologia 156 (June 2021): 107850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107850.

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Wagner, Amy W., and Marsha M. Linehan. "Relationship Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Topography of Parasuicide Among Women with Borderline Personality Disorder." Journal of Personality Disorders 8, no. 1 (March 1994): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.1994.8.1.1.

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Cloninger, C. Robert. "Psychobiology and treatment of borderline personality disorder." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 14, no. 2 (April 2002): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1601-5215.2002.140202.x.

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Borderline personality disorder can be characterized in terms of a profile of abnormal deviations on multiple personality dimensions using the temperament and character inventory (TCI). Borderline patients show poor character development, including low TCI self-directedness (irresponsible, blaming) and low TCI cooperativeness (hostile, intolerant). Their temperament is explosive or unstable due to a combination of high TCI harm avoidance (anxious, shy), high TCI novelty seeking (impulsive, quick-tempered), and low reward dependence (cold, aloof). Consequently they are usually dysthymic with an admixture of anxiety and anger, and regulate their social problems and intense emotions in immature ways. Genetic and psychobiological studies have led to identification of biological correlates of each of the TCI dimensions of personality, including individual differences in regional brain activity, psychophysiological variables, neuroendocrine abnormalities and specific gene polymorphisms. Each dimension of personality involves complex non-linear interaction of multiple genetic and environmental factors and, in turn, each personality dimension interacts with the others in influencing the way an individual directs and adapts to his or her life experiences. Systematic clinical trials have shown that these personality variables predict the response to pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments. For example, high harm avoidance and low self-directedness predict slower response and more rapid relapse with both antidepressants and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Treatment with drugs and/or psychotherapy can be individually matched to the patient's profile of temperament and character traits, rather than treating a heterogeneous group of patients as if they had a discrete, homogeneous illness. Fundamental change in cognitive schemas depends on attention to all aspects of character, especially self-transcendence, which has previously been neglected in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Personality integration requires non-resistance to our natural intuitive awareness, rather than intensified intellectual and emotional defenses.

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Herpertz, S. "Affective Processing in Young Adults with Borderline Personality Disorder." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70335-9.

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Individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder usually seek for treatment as adolescents or young adults. As age progresses, longitudinal studies suggest that borderline patients improve psychosocially, suggesting that they may somewhat belatedly achieve the milestones of young adulthood. Affect regulation may be particularly subject to major changes in young adulthood, as the prefrontal brain areas involved in affective processing underlie maturation processes up into the late third decade. From studies in healthy volunteers we know that that the capacity to process positive affects improves with age. Young adults with borderline personality disorder, however, display a negativity bias in emotion recognition and they have difficulties in inhibiting the recall of negative information. Neuroimaging data suggest that they suffer from deficient implicit affect regulation but they are able to profit from explicit strategies to suppress negative emotions, an observation which could have interesting implications for treatment. Regarding future research more efforts on developmental psychopathology on the one hand, brain maturation on the other will help to further understand the nature of borderline personality disorder. Regarding clinical issues early treatment designed to foster affect regulating competencies and self-esteem and to develop interpersonal skills might benefit young patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder.

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Dyck, M., U. Habel, J. Slodczyk, J. Schlummer, V. Backes, F. Schneider, and M. Reske. "Negative bias in fast emotion discrimination in borderline personality disorder." Psychological Medicine 39, no. 5 (August 28, 2008): 855–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291708004273.

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BackgroundThe ability to decode emotional information from facial expressions is crucial for successful social interaction. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by serious problems in interpersonal relationships and emotional functioning. Empirical research on facial emotion recognition in BPD has been sparsely published and results are inconsistent. To specify emotion recognition deficits in BPD more closely, the present study implemented two emotion recognition tasks differing in response format.MethodNineteen patients with BPD and 19 healthy subjects were asked to evaluate the emotional content of visually presented stimuli (emotional and neutral faces). The first task, the Fear Anger Neutral (FAN) Test, required a rapid discrimination between negative or neutral facial expressions whereas in the second task, the Emotion Recognition (ER) Test, a precise decision regarding default emotions (sadness, happiness, anger, fear and neutral) had to be achieved without a time limit.ResultsIn comparison to healthy subjects, BPD patients showed a deficit in emotion recognition only in the fast discrimination of negative and neutral facial expressions (FAN Test). Consistent with earlier findings, patients demonstrated a negative bias in the evaluation of neutral facial expressions. When processing time was unlimited (ER Test), BPD patients performed as well as healthy subjects in the recognition of specific emotions. In addition, an association between performance in the fast discrimination task (FAN Test) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) co-morbidity was indicated.ConclusionsOur data suggest a selective deficit of BPD patients in rapid and direct discrimination of negative and neutral emotional expressions that may underlie difficulties in social interactions.

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Herpertz, S. C., T. Dietrich, U. Werth, M. Qunaibi, G. Lukas, A. Schuerkens, H. J. Kunert, et al. "Affect regulation in borderline personality disorder: experimental findings from psychophysiology and functional neuroimaging." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 14, no. 2 (April 2002): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1601-5215.2002.140204.x.

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Background:Intense and rapidly changing mood states are a major feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD), which is thought to arise from affective vulnerability.Objective:There have been only a few studies investigating affective processing in BPD, and particularly neither psychophysiological nor neurofunctional correlates of abnormal emotional processing have been identified so far.Methods:Studies are reported using psychophysiological or functional neuroimaging methodology.Results:The psychophysiological study did not indicate a general emotional hyperresponsiveness in BPD. Low autonomic arousal seemed to reflect dissociative states in borderline subjects experiencing intense emotions. In the functional magnetic resonance imaging study enhanced amygdala activation was found in BPD, and it is suggested to reflect the intense and slowly subsiding emotions commonly observed in response to even low-level stressors.Conclusions:Implications for psychotherapy are discussed.

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Beblo, Thomas, Silvia Fernando, Pia Kamper, Julia Griepenstroh, Steffen Aschenbrenner, Anna Pastuszak, Nicole Schlosser, and Martin Driessen. "Increased attempts to suppress negative and positive emotions in Borderline Personality Disorder." Psychiatry Research 210, no. 2 (December 2013): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.06.036.

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Cavelti, Marialuisa, Salvatore Corbisiero, Hannes Bitto, Beatrice Moerstedt, Patricia Newark, Sylvia Faschina, Andrew Chanen, Franz Moggi, and Rolf-Dieter Stieglitz. "A Comparison of Self-Reported Emotional Regulation Skills in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder." Journal of Attention Disorders 23, no. 12 (April 2, 2017): 1396–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054717698814.

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Objective: Emotion dysregulation has been described as a central feature of both borderline personality disorder (BPD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The current study aims to compare emotion regulation among ADHD, BPD, and healthy controls (HC). Method: Eighty adults with ADHD, 55 with BPD, and 55 HC completed self-report assessments of ADHD and BPD symptoms, psychosocial functioning, and emotion regulation skills. Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted on the emotion regulation items, followed by multivariate analyses of group differences in emotion regulation. Results: PCA yielded four components: “Being Aware of Emotions,” “Making Sense of Emotions,” “Modifying and Accepting Emotions,” and “Confronting Emotions With Self-Encouragement.” The last component best distinguished the two patient groups from the HC. No differences were found between adults with ADHD and BPD. Conclusion: Adults with ADHD and BPD report comparable difficulties in encouraging oneself to attend inner aversive experiences, without engaging in impulsive behavior.

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Permatasari, Indah, and Mohamad Ikhwan Rosyidi. "Self-Concept as a Result of Personality Disorder Portrayed in Haruki Murakami’s 'Norwegian Wood'." Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Cultural Studies 9, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v9i2.37848.

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This research is carried out to find out how Borderline Personality Disorder influencing an individual self-concept in Haruki Murakami’s Norwegian Wood. There are several research methods used in this study, they are library research and descriptive qualitative research. By using the library research method, the writer found the data and references dealing with the topic analysis. The data then is written in descriptive in order to answer the research questions, the writer also employed psychoanalysis theory by Sigmund Freud to analyze how self-concept is the result of Borderline Personality Disorder. The result indicates that Naoko, the center of the research, is struggling to survive because she has a traumatic past events. The character developed five criteria of a person to have Borderline Personality Disorder, they are problem with relationships, unstable emotions, unstable identity, impulsive and self-damaging behavior, and unstable thinking/cognition which developed by the character. Then, there are defenses, anxiety and core issues that influence the behavior of the character. Self-concept is using by the represented character as the result of borderline personality disorder that revealed in the id, ego, and superego.

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Aini, Ani Nur'. "THE EFFECT OF MENTALIZED-BASED TRETMENT (MBT) ON BODERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER (BPD) PATIENTS: LITERATURE REVIEW." Psychiatry Nursing Journal (Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa) 3, no. 1 (March 3, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/pnj.v3i1.26813.

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Introduction: Borderline Personality Disorder occurs a lot in line with the development of the technology era and a more practical lifestyle is associated with a personality disorder characterized by poor emotional distress, self-destructive behavior, low quality of life and social problems. Mentalized Based Treatment is one of the therapies used in the treatment of patients with Borderline Personality Disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Mentalized Based Treatment on patients with boderline personality disorder.Method: The research method used is a literature review. Search articles using Google Scholar and PUBMED databases. The variables used to search for articles are mentalization-based treatment and borderline personality disorder. The framework used to review is PICOS and inclusion criteria. The articles used are English and Indonesian articles published in 2011 to 2020. The results of the search for articles before the examination are available 117 articles, then 5 articles that match the inclusion criteria will be obtained in reviews. Articles are reviewed and data tabulation is carried.Results: Patients who have done Mentalized Based Treatment can identify the feelings they experience, control their emotions, and are able to interact with other people. The success of therapy is determined by the individual, health facilities, medical personnel, family, and the intensity of therapy.Conclusion: Mentalization-based treatment can be an intervention for Borderline Personality Disorder patients.

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Göttlich, Martin, Anna Lisa Westermair, Frederike Beyer, Marie Luise Bußmann, Ulrich Schweiger, and Ulrike M. Krämer. "Neural basis of shame and guilt experience in women with borderline personality disorder." European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 270, no. 8 (May 7, 2020): 979–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-020-01132-z.

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Abstract Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability of affect, emotion dysregulation, and interpersonal dysfunction. Especially shame and guilt, so-called self-conscious emotions, are of central clinical relevance to BPD. However, only few experimental studies have focused on shame or guilt in BPD and none investigated their neurobiological underpinnings. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we took a scenario-based approach to experimentally induce feelings of shame, guilt, and disgust with neutral scenarios as control condition. We included 19 women with BPD (age 26.4 ± 5.8 years; DSM-IV diagnosed; medicated) and 22 healthy female control subjects (age 26.4 ± 4.6 years; matched for age and verbal IQ). Compared to controls, women with BPD reported more intense feelings when being confronted with affective scenarios, especially higher levels of shame, guilt, and fear. We found increased amygdala reactivity in BPD compared to controls for shame and guilt, but not for disgust scenarios (p = 0.05 FWE corrected at the cluster level; p < 0.0001 cluster defining threshold). Exploratory analyses showed that this was caused by a diminished habituation in women with BPD relative to control participants. This effect was specific to guilt and shame scenarios as both groups showed amygdala habituation to disgust scenarios. Our work suggests that heightened shame and guilt experience in BPD is not related to increased amygdala activity per se, but rather to decreased habituation to self-conscious emotions. This provides an explanation for the inconsistencies in previous imaging work on amygdala involvement in BPD as well as the typically slow progress in the psychotherapy of dysfunctional self-conscious emotions in this patient group.

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Kienast, T., H. von Hoerner, S. Reiske, B. Renneberg, J. Wrase, and A. Heinz. "Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Inpatients with Borderline Personality Disorder and Concomitant Alcohol Dependence: Results of a Pilot Study." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70325-6.

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Purpose of study:Psychotherapy with patients suffering from borderline personality disorder (BPD) and concomitant alcoholism requires an integrative approach. Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) is an evaluated and effective program for patients with BPD, whereas behavior therapy, commitment therapy and self-help groups have all been found to be effective in the treatment of alcoholism. In this pilot study, we give an initial report of the concept and efficacy of an eight week inpatient therapy program integrating an evaluated therapy of alcoholism with standard DBT. The changes of symptoms were evaluated using the Borderline Symptom List (BSL), the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), Lifetime Parasuicide Count (LPC), and Beck-Depression-Inventory.Findings:Five case reports were included. All show improvements in various subscores of BSL and EuropASI, and had a decrease in the LPC score.Summary:With this pilot study we test the efficacy of an extended DBT program for inpatients with BPD and alcoholism who failed outpatient treatment, and found significant improvements in the study in all outcome measures. This promising result points to the necessity for clinical trials that compare standard care with extended DBT in larger cohorts.

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Margulies, Sam. "Representing the Client from Hell: Divorce and the Borderline Client." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 25, no. 3 (September 1997): 347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318539702500303.

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This article explores the difficulties that arise for divorce lawyers and their clients when the client has borderline personality disorder. The borderline is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, poor impulse control, chronic rage, and a pervasive fear of abandonment. Successful divorce requires the management of separation and strong emotions, adaptation to change, and the necessity of negotiation and compromise. These tasks constitute a severe challenge to the limited behavioral repertory of the borderline. For the borderline, divorce is like being in hell. And for the lawyer, this is a very difficult client to please.

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Silva Ibarra, H., J. Villarroel Garrido, P. Iturra Constant, S. Jerez Concha, M. L. Bustamante Calderon, C. Montes Aguirre, and M. Fuentes Salgado. "Association between 5-HTTLPR and neuroticism in borderline personality disorder." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72521-4.

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Neuroticism is characterized by emotional instability and the tendency to experience negative emotions such as anger, anxiety and depressed mood. Subjects with borderline personality disorder (BPD) present this personality dimension as a temperamental core trait. There has been proposed that neuroticism can appropriately describe the most important characteristics of BPD. The polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) has been implicated in depression, anxiety and suicide. It is estimated that 5-HTTLPR polymorphism account to 7 to 9% of inherited variance of neuroticism in personality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between neuroticism and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in BPD. We evaluate personality with NEO PI R inventory in 104 BPD subjects (76 female/28 male) that did not meet criteria for axis I diagnoses and other personality disorders. The genetic analysis of 5-HTTLPR were performed determining the presence of long and short alleles, subjects were grouped in long/long (LL) and S-carriers (LS+SS). Statistical analysis were tested with parametric and correlation method with Stata10. We found significant difference in neuroticism between the genotype groups (F = 8.57, p = 0.0004) and lower levels of neuroticism in LL than S-carriers. Female have higher neuroticism than male. 5-HTTLPR polymorphism explains 18.02% of inherited variance in neuroticism. The S-carriers had 11.9 times higher risk of presenting elevated neuroticism compared with LL. We conclude that there are relation between 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and neuroticism in BPD. These results should contribute to the genetic study of BPD.

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Crowell, Sheila E. "Biting the hand that feeds: current opinion on the interpersonal causes, correlates, and consequences of borderline personality disorder." F1000Research 5 (November 30, 2016): 2796. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9392.1.

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Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex psychiatric diagnosis characterized by dysregulated behaviors, emotions, cognitions, and interpersonal relationships. In recent years, developmental psychopathologists have sought to identify early origins of BPD, with the ultimate goal of developing and providing effective preventative interventions for those at highest risk. In addition to heritable biological sensitivities, many scholars assert that environmental and interpersonal risk factors contribute to the emergence and maintenance of key borderline traits. Nonetheless, many BPD researchers examine only affected individuals, neglecting the family, peer, couple, and other dynamic contextual forces that impinge upon individual-level behavior. In the past decade, however, theoretical and empirical research has increasingly explored the interpersonal causes, correlates, and consequences of BPD. Such work has resulted in novel research and clinical theories intended to better understand and improve interpersonal dynamics among those with borderline traits. A major objective for the field is to better characterize how interpersonal dynamics affect (and are affected by) the behaviors, emotions, and thoughts of vulnerable individuals to either reduce or heighten risk for BPD.

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Lobbestael, J., A. Arntz, M. Cima, and F. Chakhssi. "Effects of induced anger in patients with antisocial personality disorder." Psychological Medicine 39, no. 4 (January 27, 2009): 557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291708005102.

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BackgroundAnger is the main deregulated emotion in patients with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). The aim of this study was to examine emotional, cognitive and physiological correlates of anger and compare these between ASPD patients with varying degree of psychopathy (PP) and control groups.MethodAssessment of the effect of anger induction on self-reported emotions and schema modes, psychophysiology and implicit reaction-time tasks measuring self-anger and aggressor–swearword associations. Participants (n=147) were patients with DSM-IV antisocial (n=21), borderline (n=45) and cluster C personality disorder (n=46) and non-patient controls (n=35).ResultsGroups did not differ in self-reported anger. ASPD patients displayed a decrease in heart rate and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and stronger implicit self-anger associations. ASPD patients scoring low on affective PP reported less negative emotions and displayed a greater decrease in diastolic blood pressure (DBP).ConclusionsASPD patients did not display a deviant self-reported anger but physiological hyporesponsivity and cognitive hyper-responsivity. This ASPD anger response might reflect a controlled predatory-like fight preparation.

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Bodner, Ehud, Amit Shrira, Hagai Hermesh, Menachem Ben-Ezra, and Iulian Iancu. "Psychiatrists׳ fear of death is associated with negative emotions toward borderline personality disorder patients." Psychiatry Research 228, no. 3 (August 2015): 963–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.06.010.

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Schoenleber, Michelle, Kim L. Gratz, Terri Messman-Moore, and David DiLillo. "Borderline Personality Disorder and Self-Conscious Emotions in Response to Adult Unwanted Sexual Experiences." Journal of Personality Disorders 28, no. 6 (December 2014): 810–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2014_28_138.

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Fertuck, Eric A., Naomi Dambreville, Diana Diamond, Devika Duggal, and Jeffrey K. Erbe. "Referential Activity Differentially Mediates Expression of Positive and Negative Emotions in Borderline Personality Disorder." Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 50, no. 1 (February 2021): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10936-021-09767-2.

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Daros, Alexander R., Achala H. Rodrigo, Nikoo Norouzian, Bri S. Darboh, Kateri McRae, and Anthony C. Ruocco. "Cognitive Reappraisal of Negative Emotional Images in Borderline Personality Disorder: Content Analysis, Perceived Effectiveness, and Diagnostic Specificity." Journal of Personality Disorders 34, no. 2 (April 2020): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2018_32_390.

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Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) report using cognitive reappraisal less often than healthy individuals despite the long-term benefits of the emotion regulation strategy on emotional stability. Individuals with BPD, mixed anxiety and/or depressive disorders (MAD), and healthy controls (HC) completed an experimental task to investigate the tactics contained in cognitive reappraisal statements vocalized for high and low emotional intensity photographs. Self-reported effectiveness after using cognitive reappraisal to decrease negative emotions was also evaluated. Although BPD and MAD used a similar number of cognitive reappraisal tactics, they perceived themselves as less effective at reducing their negative emotions compared to HC. During cognitive reappraisal, BPD and MAD uttered fewer words versus HC, while BPD uttered fewer words versus MAD. Results suggest that individuals with BPD and MAD are less fluent and perceive themselves as less effective than HC when using cognitive reappraisal to lower negative emotions regardless of stimulus intensity.

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Staebler, K., B. Renneberg, M. Stopsack, P. Fiedler, M. Weiler, and S. Roepke. "Facial emotional expression in reaction to social exclusion in borderline personality disorder." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 9 (February 9, 2011): 1929–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711000080.

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BackgroundDisturbances in social interaction are a defining feature of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). In this study, facial emotional expressions, which are crucial for adaptive interactions in social contexts, were assessed in patients with BPD in response to social exclusion.MethodWe examined facial emotional reactions of 35 patients with BPD and 33 healthy controls when playing Cyberball, a virtual ball-tossing game that reliably induces social exclusion. Besides self-reported emotional responses, facial emotional expressions were analyzed by applying the Emotional Facial Action Coding System (EMFACS).ResultsPatients with BPD showed a biased perception of participation. They more readily reported feeling excluded compared to controls even when they were included. In BPD, social exclusion led to an increase in self-reported other-focused negative emotions. Overall, EMFACS analyses revealed that BPD patients reacted with fewer positive expressions and with significantly more mixed emotional expressions (two emotional facial expressions at the same time) compared to the healthy control group when excluded.ConclusionsBesides a negative bias for perceived social participation, ambiguous facial emotional expressions may play an important role in the disturbed relatedness in patients with BPD.

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De Panfilis, Chiara, Graziana Schito, Irene Generali, Luigi Alberto Gozzi, Paolo Ossola, Carlo Marchesi, and Alessandro Grecucci. "Emotions at the border: Increased punishment behavior during fair interpersonal exchanges in borderline personality disorder." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 128, no. 2 (February 2019): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/abn0000404.

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R??sch, Nicolas, Patrick W. Corrigan, Martin Bohus, Thomas K??hler, Gitta A. Jacob, and Klaus Lieb. "The Impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Dysfunctional Implicit and Explicit Emotions Among Women With Borderline Personality Disorder." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 195, no. 6 (June 2007): 537–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nmd.0b013e318064e7fc.

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Kaiser, Deborah, Gitta A. Jacob, Linda van Zutphen, Nicolette Siep, Andreas Sprenger, Brunna Tuschen-Caffier, Alena Senft, Arnoud Arntz, and Gregor Domes. "Biased Attention to Facial Expressions of Ambiguous Emotions in Borderline Personality Disorder: An Eye-Tracking Study." Journal of Personality Disorders 33, no. 5 (October 2019): 671—S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2019_33_363.

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Preliminary evidence suggests that biased attention could be crucial in fostering the emotion recognition abnormalities in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We compared BPD patients to Cluster-C personality disorder (CC) patients and non-patients (NP) regarding emotion recognition in ambiguous faces and their visual attention allocation to the eyes. The role of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in BPD regarding emotion recognition and visual attention was explored. BPD patients fixated the eyes of angry/happy, sad/happy, and fearful/sad blends longer than non-patients. This visual attention pattern was mainly driven by BPD patients with PTSD. This subgroup also demonstrated longer fixations than CC patients and a trend towards longer fixations than BPD patients without PTSD for the angry/happy and fearful/sad blends. Emotion recognition was not altered in BPD. Biased visual attention towards the eyes of ambiguous facial expressions in BPD might be due to trauma-related attentional bias rather than to impairments in facial emotion recognition.

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Krause-Utz, A., N. Y. L. Oei, I. Niedtfeld, M. Bohus, P. Spinhoven, C. Schmahl, and B. M. Elzinga. "Influence of emotional distraction on working memory performance in borderline personality disorder." Psychological Medicine 42, no. 10 (March 8, 2012): 2181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291712000153.

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BackgroundEmotion dysregulation, characterized by heightened emotional arousal and increased emotional sensitivity, is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Although current theories emphasize the disruptive potential of negative emotions on cognitive functioning in BPD, behavioral and neurobiological data on this relationship are still lacking.MethodUsing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neural activity was investigated in 22 unmedicated BPD patients and 22 healthy participants (matched for age, education and intelligence) performing an adapted Sternberg working memory task, while being distracted by emotional (negatively arousing) and neutral pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS).ResultsEmotional distraction was associated with significantly higher activation in the amygdala and decreased activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), extending findings of previous studies in healthy individuals. Patients with BPD showed significantly longer reaction times (RTs) along with significantly higher activation in the amygdala and insula during emotional distraction compared to healthy participants, suggesting that they were more distracted by emotional pictures during the working memory task. Moreover, in the group of BPD patients, a significant negative correlation was found between activation in limbic brain regions and self-reports of current dissociative states.ConclusionsOur findings suggest hyper-responsiveness to emotionally distracting pictures in BPD patients that negatively affects working memory performance. This stresses the importance of emotion dysregulation in the context of cognitive functioning. Moreover, our findings suggest that dissociative states have a dampening effect on neural reactivity during emotional challenge in BPD.

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McMahon, Kibby, Kwanguk Kim, Caitlin M. Fang, Andrada D. Neacsiu, and M. Zachary Rosenthal. "Blinded by our emotions: The impact of borderline personality disorder and affect on emotion recognition sensitivity." Journal of Experimental Psychopathology 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 204380871881887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043808718818878.

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Previous studies have demonstrated abnormalities in emotion recognition within individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, it is yet unknown how much these abnormalities can be attributed to emotional states or affect. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the independent effects of BPD, positive affect, and negative affect on emotion recognition sensitivity. We recruited a mixed, transdiagnostic community sample of 118 adults diagnosed with either a personality disorder, only an affective disorder, or without psychopathology. Participants completed self-report assessments of positive and negative affect and two behavioral assessments of emotion recognition sensitivity. We found that both positive and negative affect predict lower overall emotion recognition sensitivity in both tasks, beyond the effect of BPD. We did not find a significant, independent effect of the diagnosis of BPD. Additionally, we found that the diagnosis of BPD moderated the relationship between negative affect and emotion recognition sensitivity within one task. Findings from the present study suggest that sensitivity to other people’s emotional expressions may be influenced by affect beyond the effect of the BPD diagnosis. The implications for future research efforts on emotion recognition and BPD are discussed.

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Andrewes, Holly E., Carol Hulbert, Susan M. Cotton, Jennifer Betts, and Andrew M. Chanen. "An ecological momentary assessment investigation of complex and conflicting emotions in youth with borderline personality disorder." Psychiatry Research 252 (June 2017): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.100.

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Jacob, Gitta A., Cindy Guenzler, Sabine Zimmermann, Corinna N. Scheel, Nicolas Rüsch, Rainer Leonhart, Josef Nerb, and Klaus Lieb. "Time course of anger and other emotions in women with borderline personality disorder: A preliminary study." Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 39, no. 3 (September 2008): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2007.10.009.

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Rocca, Fiammetta, Chloe Finamore, Sally Stamp, Fiona Kuhn-Thompson, and Oliver Dale. "Psychoeducation for borderline personality difficulties: a preliminary study." Mental Health Review Journal 26, no. 3 (May 10, 2021): 226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhrj-04-2020-0023.

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Purpose National Institute for Clinical and Health Excellence guidelines (2009) state that low intensity psychological interventions should not be used for borderline personality disorder. However, an emerging body of evidence suggests brief interventions such as psychoeducation may be relevant for those presenting with borderline personality difficulties. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the benefit of learning about thinking, emotions and relationships (LATER), a co-produced psychoeducation programme for borderline personality difficulties in a community-based setting. Design/methodology/approach Participants (n = 125) self-referred to LATER, a group-based psychoeducation programme delivered at the [NHS Trust] Recovery College. Participants were assessed pre- and post-intervention using the tailor-made psychological education group evaluation scale, the borderline evaluation of severity over time and work and social adjustment scale. Paired t-tests were conducted on pre- and post-scores, and effect sizes were calculated. Findings After LATER, participants reported a significant decrease in negative thoughts and feelings, destructive behaviours and overall borderline symptom severity, but no significant increase in positive behaviours. Significant decreases were found in areas of work and social impairment. Participants’ overall understanding of personality difficulties significantly improved. Effect sizes were small to moderate. Research limitations/implications Limitations of the study include the lack of a control group, adjustment for confounders and follow-up. Replication with a more robust methodology is needed. Originality/value This study contributes to the evidence for the usefulness of brief interventions for personality difficulties, particularly in the context of a stepped model of care and adds to the research on co-production.

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Vestergaard, Martin, Mickey T. Kongerslev, Marianne S. Thomsen, Birgit Bork Mathiesen, Catherine J. Harmer, Erik Simonsen, and Kamilla W. Miskowiak. "Women With Borderline Personality Disorder Show Reduced Identification of Emotional Facial Expressions and a Heightened Negativity Bias." Journal of Personality Disorders 34, no. 5 (October 2020): 677–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2019_33_409.

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Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) frequently display impairments in the identification of emotional facial expressions paralleled by a negativity bias. However, it remains unclear whether misperception of facial expressions is a key psychopathological marker of BPD. To address this question, the authors examined 43 women diagnosed with BPD and 56 healthy female controls using an emotion face identification task and a face dot-probe task together with measures on psychopathology. Compared to controls, women with BPD showed impaired identification of disgusted and angry faces concurrent with a bias to misclassify faces as angry, and a faster preconscious vigilance for fearful relative to happy facial expressions. Increased severity of borderline symptoms and global psychopathology in BPD patients were associated with reduced ability to identify angry facial expressions and a stronger negativity bias to anger. The findings indicate that BPD patients who misperceive face emotions have the greatest mental health issues.

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van Zutphen, Linda, Nicolette Siep, Gitta A. Jacob, Gregor Domes, Andreas Sprenger, Bastian Willenborg, Rainer Goebel, Oliver Tüscher, and Arnoud Arntz. "Impulse control under emotion processing: an fMRI investigation in borderline personality disorder compared to non-patients and cluster-C personality disorder patients." Brain Imaging and Behavior 14, no. 6 (July 18, 2019): 2107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11682-019-00161-0.

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Abstract Impulsivity is a characteristic syndromal and neurobehavioral feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Research suggests an important interaction between high negative emotions and low behavioral inhibition in BPD. However, knowledge about the generalizability across stimulus categories and diagnosis specificity is limited. We investigated neural correlates of hypothesized impaired response inhibition of BPD patients to negative, positive and erotic stimuli, by comparing them to non-patients and cluster-C personality disorder patients. During fMRI scanning, 53 BPD patients, 34 non-patients and 20 cluster-C personality disorder patients completed an affective go/no-go task, including social pictures. BPD patients showed more omission errors than non-patients, independent of the stimulus category. Furthermore, BPD patients showed higher activity in the inferior parietal lobule and frontal eye fields when inhibiting negative versus neutral stimuli. Activity of the inferior parietal lobule correlated positively with the BPD checklist subscale impulsivity. When inhibiting emotional stimuli, BPD patients showed an altered brain activity in the inferior parietal lobe and frontal eye fields, whereas previously shown dysfunctional prefrontal activity was not replicated. BPD patients showed a general responsivity across stimulus categories in the frontal eye fields, whereas effects in the inferior parietal lobe were specific for negative stimuli. Results of diagnosis specificity support a dimensional rather than a categorical differentiation between BPD and cluster-C patients during inhibition of social emotional stimuli. Supported by behavioral results, BPD patients showed no deficiencies in emotionally modulated response inhibition per se but the present findings rather hint at attentional difficulties for emotional information.

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Falcus, Craig, and Darren Johnson. "The Violent Accounts of Men Diagnosed With Comorbid Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorders." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 9 (October 17, 2017): 2817–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x17735254.

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This study explored the violent offence accounts of life-sentenced prisoners diagnosed with comorbid antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). The aim of the current study was to gain needed clinical insight into the mechanisms involved in this specific group offenders’ use of violence against others. Six adult male personality-disordered offenders were interviewed via a semistructured interview schedule to collate individual offence accounts. Interview transcripts were analyzed by the lead researcher (first author) using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) who compared and contrasted findings to develop superordinate themes across the group. External auditing analysis was conducted by the second researcher. Four superordinate themes resulted. These were “A victim of a hostile and rejecting world,” “Self as unacceptable to others,” “Unwanted emotions that cannot be tolerated or controlled,” and “Violent revenge as catharsis.” The results support the view that emotional dysregulation is central in driving acts of violence in those with comorbid ASPD/BPD; nevertheless, shame was particularly prevalent. Thus an argument is made for the adaptation of evidence-based treatments for this specific forensic population to ensure a particular focus on helping men tolerate feelings of shame. The limitations of the study are also discussed.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Parasuicide. Borderline personality disorder. Emotions'

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