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1
Rilke, Olaf, Christian Safar, Matthias Israel, Thomas Barth, Werner Felber, and Jochen Oehler. "Differences in Whole Blood Serotonin Levels Based on a Typology of Parasuicide." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-134706.
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Suicidal behavior has to be considered as a multifactorial phenomenon, which can be analyzed in a classifying-phenomenological manner. We have examined the relation of parasuicide typology to whole blood concentrations of serotonin, HVA, and tryptophan in 58 patients classified into 4 groups of parasuicide typology compared to 22 nonsuicidal depressed patients and 20 healthy subjects. Suicidal patients classified as impetuous, desperate and ambivalent types had significantly reduced whole blood 5-HT levels in comparison with the appealing type as well as nonsuicidal subjects. No differences were detected in the HVA content, but whole blood tryptophan concentrations were significantly reduced in impetuous suicidal patients and depressed patients compared to healthy subjects. This study provides evidence for reduced whole blood serotonin content based on different types of parasuicideDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Rilke, Olaf, Christian Safar, Matthias Israel, Thomas Barth, Werner Felber, and Jochen Oehler. "Differences in Whole Blood Serotonin Levels Based on a Typology of Parasuicide." Karger, 1998. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27590.
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Suicidal behavior has to be considered as a multifactorial phenomenon, which can be analyzed in a classifying-phenomenological manner. We have examined the relation of parasuicide typology to whole blood concentrations of serotonin, HVA, and tryptophan in 58 patients classified into 4 groups of parasuicide typology compared to 22 nonsuicidal depressed patients and 20 healthy subjects. Suicidal patients classified as impetuous, desperate and ambivalent types had significantly reduced whole blood 5-HT levels in comparison with the appealing type as well as nonsuicidal subjects. No differences were detected in the HVA content, but whole blood tryptophan concentrations were significantly reduced in impetuous suicidal patients and depressed patients compared to healthy subjects. This study provides evidence for reduced whole blood serotonin content based on different types of parasuicide.Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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Battison, Graeme Keith. "Talking about parasuicide : attributions among parasuicide patients and Accident and Emergency staff." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627387.
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Danchin, Caroline. "Quality of goals in parasuicide." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521767.
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Colman, Ian Richard. "Identification of predictors of repeat parasuicide." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0010/MQ60112.pdf.
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O'Connor, Rory. "Suicide and parasuicide : aspects of identification and prevention." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388170.
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Dirks, Bryan Larry. "Repetition of parasuicide : personality disorder, personality and adversity." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26144.
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This study aims to describe the relationship of personality disorders to the repetition of parasuicide whilst taking cognizance of recent developments in the classification of and assessment for personality disorders. This study also aims to determine whether risk factors described by other authors for further suicidal behavior are characteristic of these patients locally. This study also aims to describe the contribution of newly described personality dimensions to repetition of parasuicide. This study also describes suicidal behavior in the follow-up period of a cohort of parasuicide patients who were seen in the emergency psychiatric service during follow-up. This study also examines the comorbidity between the personality disorders categories defined by the clinical criteria of the Tenth International Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders or ICD-10, (World Health organization, 1992). This study compares the co-occurence of these new personality disorder categories with the comorbidity which has been observed in older classification systems (American Psychiatric Association; 1980, 1987) in order to determine whether this new classification system has led to less comorbidity among the personality disorders. This study also examines aspects of the relationship between informant based diagnoses of personality disorder and personality dimensions described by Cloninger et al (1994).
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Seviour, Kate. "Goals for the future and well-being in parasuicide." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521753.
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Gray, Lorna. "The role of self-regulation in parasuicide & hopelessness." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401537.
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Söderberg, Stig. "To leave it all behind : factors behind parasuicide roads towards stability." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Psykiatri, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-362.
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This study was motivated by encounters with persons with repeated suicidality in clinical psychiatry. Their suicide attempts are frequently regarded as manipulative, and the patients are often labelled a “borderline personality disorder”. They cause frustration and are sometimes met with repellent attitudes among clinicians, but clinical experience as well as research shows that their personal history regularly includes severe childhood trauma and often childhood sexual abuse. The first part of the study was undertaken to investigate the frequency of borderline personality disorder among consecutive persons admitted to hospital after a suicide attempt, the experience of adverse life events among them and the motives for the act. The concept and definition of parasuicide was used as inclusion criterion. During the 10 months of the study 81% of all parasuicide inpatients gave their consent to partake, altogether 64 patients, 41 women and 23 men. Standardized instruments were used for assessment of personality disorders, and self-report questionnaires were used to investigate motives and adverse life events. Seven years later, follow-up interviews were conducted with 51 of these persons, 32 women and 19 men. This second part of the study used qualitative methods in the form of thematic open-ended interviews to allow for the patients’ own descriptions of their suicidality and mental health in the years following the suicide attempt. The role of psychiatry in this process was one of the themes in the interview. Use of psychiatric treatment and support during the follow-up period was investigated through a review of the medical charts recorded at the psychiatric clinic. The quantitative part of the study showed that among the parasuicide patients there was a considerable overrepresentation of borderline personality disorder, and that the frequency of adverse life events was much higher in this subgroup. The motives for the parasuicide did not differ between those with borderline personality disorder and the others. Childhood sexual abuse could be identified as the most important factor influencing suicidality and extent of psychiatric treatment after the index parasuicide. The patients’ own descriptions in the follow-up interview were related to the theoretical perspectives of symbolic interactionism, therapeutic alliance, perception of difference, empowerment and the concept of modernity. In the narratives a picture emerges of a psychiatric health care that carries the potential to offer therapeutic relationships, but often fails in its aims. In therapeutic alliances built on personal relationships, characterized by close and frequent encounters and a focus not only the weaknesses but also the strengths of the patient, there was room for personal development. A reliance on therapeutic method instead of a therapeutic alliance with the patient and a lack of a collaborative perspective in therapeutic work set definite hindrances for the therapeutic process, according to the views of the patients. Regardless of the severity of the life experiences and personality dimensions that had lead to the parasuicide, the core prerequisite for subsequent stabilisation was an orientation towards significant others that saw and supported the potential for change and helped redefine the situation. These significant others were sometimes found in the psychiatric health care services, but were mainly found outside of psychiatry. The conclusions of the study are that there is a close correlation between repeated suicidality, borderline personality disorder, female gender and adverse events such as childhood sexual abuse, and that the repeated suicidality is better explained by adverse events such as childhood sexual abuse than by personality disorder. This background seriously challenges repellent attitudes towards these patients. The narratives of the patients pose definite challenges for the therapeutic community to embrace new ways to find working therapeutic alliances after a parasuicide, possibly based around perspectives of empowerment and mutuality. Identifying the processes that helps the person find “the difference that makes a difference” should be in focus of future psychiatric research and at the heart of psychiatric support and treatment after parasuicide, to enable the patients to find their own strengths and resources and in this way be able to leave it all behind.
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Söderberg, Stig. "To leave it all behind : factors behind parasuicide - roads towards stability /." Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-362.
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Norris, Vivien. "Adolescent and staff experience of self-cutting behaviour in residential settings : a qualitative study." Thesis, Open University, 1997. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57709/.
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This qualitative study explored the subjective experiences of young people and staff around self-cutting behaviour in residential settings. Ten young people and twelve staff members from three settings were interviewed. Three main areas were explored: 1) explanatory frameworks used to make sense of cutting; 2) the impact of cutting on others; 3) staff responses to cutting and how these were experienced by young people. An interpretative phenomenological approach was used to analyse the data. A wide range of accounts was articulated and there was a high level of consistency in the data. Intrapersonal explanations for cutting predominated, but the cutting had a powerful and generally negative effect on others. The role of carer was identified as central and parallel processes occurred for young people and staff when they were in the carer role. The findings were discussed and developed into a model which attempted to bring together the intrapersonal and interpersonal cycles that appeared to be operating. Wider social issues were also considered. It appeared that the phenomenon of self-cutting occurred in the context of overwheh-ning experiences which were unbearable for all concerned. There was significant difficulty in integrating the confusing and conflicting experiences associated with cutting and this led to polarised and rigid views. It was concluded that a multi-dimensional approach which includes intrapersonal, interpersonal and group processes as well as wider social issues is needed to increase understanding of this challenging area. The findings were related to the literature and research and clinical implications suggested.
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Welch, Stacy Shaw. "Patterns of emotion in response to parasuicide imagery in borderline personality disorder /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9074.
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Brown, Milton Z. "The impact of negative emotions on the efficacy of treatment for parasuicide in borderline personality disorder /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9040.
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Durrett, Christine. "A behavior genetic study of self-harm, suicidality, and personality in white and African-American women." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4424.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 27, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Read, Gary Frank Hoyland. "An investigation into the relationship between adolescent parasuicide, depressive illness and associated risk factors." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004615.
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This study aimed at investigating the relationship between adolescent parasuicide, depressive illness and associated risk factors. Reports worldwide indicate that suicidal behaviour in this age group has risen 150% over the past 20 years, whilst the rate for suicide in adults and the elderly has remained the same (Deykin et al, 1985; Neiger & Hopkins, 1988; Sudak, Ford & Rushforth, 1984a). In South Africa statistics confirm similar trends with regard to attempted and completed suicide. Statistics reveal that a high local incidence of adolescent suicide attempters are seen at psychiatric units. One pilot study recorded 187 adolescent suicide attempters during a three month period. This study was based on the hypothesis that the incidence of depressive illness in adolescent suicide attempters is higher than is generally accepted and that this condition often goes unrecognised and is misdiagnosed because it manifests differently with acting out behaviour and "masked" symptomatology. A random sample of suicide attempters between the ages of 13 - 25 who presented at C23 (psychiatric emergencies) Groote Schuur Hospital following a suicide attempt were assessed. 100 subjects were seen over a period of three months. The research procedure comprised a comprehensive assessment incorporating a semi-structured interview, self-report and objective rating scales for depression as well as instruments designed to assess the general health of each subject and their level of suicide intent. The depressive inventories used have been validated for use in this age group and were designed to elicit the associated features of adolescent depression. If warranted, a clinical diagnoses was given based on DSM 1V criteria. This diagnosis was substantiated by information from the research instruments which formed part of the assessment process. A high incidence of clinical disorders was diagnosed in the sample (86%). Depressive illness was found to be a significant risk factor for suicidal behaviour with 68% of the subjects suffering from an affective disorder and 21% reporting depressive symptoms. This study shows that the correlation between parasuicide and depressive illness is high enough to suggest that all suicidal behaviour in this age group should be taken seriously as parasuicide in itself is often a reliable indicator of an underlying depressive condition. Additional risk factors for adolescent parasuicide identified in this study correlated well with the findings of similar research studies. Psychiatric co-morbidity, especially substance use (42%) and cluster B personality factors (54%), were high and served to increase an individual's vulnerability to suicide risk. Psychosocial factors such as sexual abuse (28%) and physical abuse (37%) were also identified as high risk factors for adolescent suicidal behaviour. Individuals at risk for depression and suicidal behaviour typically came from broken homes which were disrupted and unsupportive. Family members were frequently abusing alcohol and 67% of the subjects reported the presence of psychiatric illness in the family. The preferred method of suicide attempt was an overdose (90%). These attempts were generally unplanned and impulsive with no disclosure prior to the event. Intent was usually high at the time of the act. It is only through identifying the risk factors specific to the developmental concerns of this age group and acknowledging the role of depressive illness in adolescent suicidal behaviour that effective preventative measures can be devised.
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Vesey, Patrick. "Ambivalence towards suicide : is there a difference in positive and negative perceptions of the future, between a psychiatric group who have a history of parasuicide and a psychiatric group without a history of parasuicide." Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318573.
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Mosetlhe, T. C. "The Occurrence of parasuicide among pregnant women at Dr George Mukhari Hospital: a retrospective study." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/452.
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Thesis (M Med(Obstetrics and gynaecology))--University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2011.BACKGROUND: Parasuicide is defined as an act with non-fatal outcome, in which an individual deliberately initiates a non-habitual behaviour that without intervention from others will cause self-harm, or when an individual deliberately ingests a substance in excess of the prescribed or generally recognized therapeutic dosage. Pregnant women experience higher rates of depression, anxiety, psychosomatic symptoms and lower level of social adjustments than nonpregnant women. Cases of parasuicide among pregnant women have been seen and treated at Dr George Mukhari Hospital over the years without any systematic assessment of the extent of the problem. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of cases of parasuicide on the eventual maternal and foetal outcomes. 10 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted retrospectively using the hospital files of those pregnant women who had been diagnosed at Dr George Mukhari Hospital. The medical records of all such cases were retrieved from the filling room for assessment. The review period covered 1st January 2004 to 31st December 2006. Analysis was predominantly descriptive in which rates of incidences as well as proportion of occurrence of variables were calculated. Evaluation was for demographics, social status, intents and methods of parasuicide. In addition, the outcome of treatment for the mothers and their babies were evaluated. All the patients had been treated with gastric lavage and ingestion of activated charcoal from their referring centres regardless of the material used. The patients were stabilized and then referred for psychological counselling. RESULTS: During the three-year review period, 54 cases of parasuicide were recorded, with files for 42 (77.7%) patients found and evaluated. The ages of the women ranged from 16 to 35 years (median=21 years). Majority of women (57.1%) were parous while 42.9% were nulliparous. Socio-economic status of the women revealed that most patients were unemployed (95%), most were living with parents (90%), pregnancy was planned by 62%, 10% reported history of 11 physical abuse and only one of the women (2%) had a problem of alcohol abuse. Materials used for parasuicide included ingestion of tablets (23; 54.8%), organophosphates (7; 16.7%), herbal potions (6; 14.3%), rat poison (2; 4.8%) and other things such as paraffin, detergent (Jik) and laxatives. Thirty five of the 42 patients (83.3%) had reasons documented for parasuicide, of which the majority had relationship difficulties with their partners (22; 62.8%), (8; 22.9%) had relationship problems with family members and (5; 14.3%) wanted to terminate the pregnancy. The gestation at admission for treatment for parasuicide ranged between 16 and 40 weeks and at delivery pregnancy ended as: abortion (6; 14.3%), preterm delivery (13; 36.1%) and term delivery (23; 63.9%). The rate of abortion (14.3%) was significantly higher in these patients (ρ-value = 0.0001) compared to non-parasuicide patients (1.2%). Most of them delivered vaginally (95%), only one patient needed ICU admission for 6 days and there was no case of maternal death. Out of the 36 women who delivered viable babies, there were 33 (91.7%) who had live births, three other women had IUFDs (8.3%) and no neonatal death was recorded. 12 CONCLUSION Although parasuicide in pregnancy occurs infrequently at DGMH, the most striking factor which could have led to attempts at parasuicide was the socioeconomic situation of the women. A scenario in which 95% of these pregnant women were unemployed, 90% were unmarried and for most of the women the reasons for parasuicide were related to relationship difficulties, provide an effective recipe for parasuicide.
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Caldera, Aburto José Trinidad. "Mental health in Nicaragua : with special reference to psychological trauma and suicidal behaviour." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Psykiatri, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-346.
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This thesis explores mental health problems relating to war and natural disaster and suicidal behaviour in the Nicaraguan population. The more specific aims of the study were to assess the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of mental disorder in a community-based study during time of war (Paper I), to assess the mental health impact of Hurricane Mitch in 1998 (Paper II), to assess the incidence of hospitalized parasuicide cases and groups at risk (Paper III), and to examine suicide intent among attempters relating to gender, suicide method and sociodemographic factors and identify predictors for repetition of an attempt (Paper IV). Method: Based on 4453 family food ration books for families living in an urban area of León, Subtiava, 219 families including 746 adults were selected through a systematic sampling procedure. The study was conducted in 1987 during the war. We were able to reach 584 adults for interview according to the Present State Examination for ICD-9 diagnoses and Self-Report Questionnaire (Paper I). In Paper II, 496 adult primary health care attendees were interviewed six months after Hurricane Mitch according to the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and were diagnosed for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to DSM-IV. In Papers III and IV, all cases from León city admitted to HEODRA Hospital for a suicide attempt over a three-year period (n=233) were interviewed regarding sociodemographic factors and method, time and place of the suicide attempt. A subgroup of 204 cases was interviewed using the Suicide Intent Scale (SIS). Out of those 106 cases were followed-up regarding repetition of attempt or completed suicide after a mean period of 1172 days. Results: In the Paper I study, the one-month prevalence of any mental disorder was 28.8% for men and 30.8% for women. Among men, alcoholism was the most common diagnosis, whereas neurosis, crisis reaction and depression were dominant among women. Alcoholism was scored as the second most severe disorder after psychosis in terms of functional level. In the Mitch study six months after the hurricane, traumatic events were common and 39% reported death or serious injury of a close relative as a result of the hurricane. The prevalence of PTSD ranged from 4.5% in the least damaged area to 9.0% in the worst damaged area. At the prolonged follow-up six months later, half of the cases still retained their diagnosis. Trauma-related symptoms were common and death of a relative, destroyed house, female sex, illiteracy and previous mental health problems were associated with a higher level of symptoms. Suicidal ideation was reported among 8.5% and was significantly associated with previous mental health problems and illiteracy. The studies regarding hospitalized parasuicides showed the highest rate among girls aged 15–19 years (302 attempts per 100 000 inhabitants and year). After drug intoxication, pesticide was the second most common method and most often used by men (23%). Half of the women had recent contact with health care services before attempting suicide. There were significant peaks regarding time of attempt in terms of seasonal and diurnal distribution. Overall scores regarding seriousness of the intent (SIS) were equal between the sexes, but the pattern of SIS items showed significant gender differences in terms of relation to background factors and method used. For women, having a child was one factor associated with higher seriousness. Factor analysis of SIS items revealed a four-factor solution, explaining 59% of the variance. Risk for fatal repetition was 3.2% after three years and for non-fatal repetition 4.8%. During follow-up, three men (11%) had completed suicide but no women. We failed to identify any predictors for repetition from background factors or SIS. Conclusion: The studies have identified different groups at risk for mental health problems relating to war and disasters. Parasuicide rates equalled those from European countries. Whereas young girls dominated, attempts among men were more severe in terms of the methods used and completed suicide at follow-up. SIS seemed to give a meaningful pattern among women but not for men. In our study, seriousness of attempt in terms of method or suicide intent did not predict repetition. Overall non-fatal repetition rate was very low as compared to other studies.
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Chan, Tsz-King, and 陳梓敬. "The suicide behavior and deliberate self harm pattern of psychotic patients over 10 years in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206595.
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Background
Early interventions (EI) for psychosis are predicted to have an effect in reducing suicidal attempts and self harms for first episode psychosis (FEP) patients. However there is little evidence to reveal that early intervention has a long term effect in reducing suicidal behaviors. Also, the longitudinal patterns of suicidal behavior of patients under EI and standard care (SC) programme were remained unclear. Therefore, this study was performed to explore the longitudinal pattern of suicidal behaviors for EI and SC patients. The long term effect of EI in reducing suicidal attempts and self harms and possible predictors for suicide were also explored and analysed.
Method
A secondary analysis was performed with data retrieved from medical data in different hospitals. The data are matched up for SC patients and EI patients based on their demographic information. Data related to suicidal behaviors are collected. Longitudinal patterns of suicidal behaviors were analysis with generalized linear model (GENLIN) and descriptive analysis. Univariate regression was also performed to investigate predictors for suicide.
Results
EI has a significant effect in reducing the total number of suicidal attempts (X^2=5.779, p=0.016) and deliberate self harm (X2=7.817, 0.005) over 10 years but no effect on suicidal attempts in the first three year when effect was expected. However, data indicated EI has an effect of reducing the number of complete suicide. Patients do not receive EI is a significant predictor for increase in the suicidal attempts and younger age is a predictor for latter deliberate self harm behaviors.
Conclusion
The result demonstrated that EI has a long term effect in reducing suicidal behavior rather only short term and non-lasting effect as suggested by other researches. However, EI treatment might have a short term negative effect on suicidal ideations as suggested by the increase of suicidal attempts in the second and third years.
EI services do not only improve in symptoms and quality of life but a long term effects in reducing the number suicidal behaviors. Although, there is a possible negative effect on suicidal attempts, it might be beneficial if EI programme can be apply to all psychotic patients.published_or_final_version
Psychological Medicine
Master
Master of Psychological Medicine
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Cais, Carlos Filinto da Silva 1971. "Tentativa de suicidio recorrente : um estudo clinico de individuos que tentaram o suicidio ao menos tres vezes." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311436.
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Orientador: Neury Jose BotegaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T23:30:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cais_CarlosFilintodaSilva_M.pdf: 11229550 bytes, checksum: a9dd21a89813b1247415690cf31f50e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: A quase totalidade dos dados sobre indivíduos que repetem tentativas de suicídio provêm de países desenvolvidos. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o perfil clínico de 61 indivíduos que deram entrada no Pronto Socorro do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas por uma tentativa de suicídio que era, pelo menos, a terceira de suas vidas. Tal descrição foi feita através da comparação com 102 indivíduos que deram entrada no mesmo pronto socorro pela primeira tentativa de suicídio de suas vidas. Dados sociodemográfícos e clínicos foram coletados através do questionário WHO/SUPRE-MISS, o qual continha também diversas escalas psicométricas. No grupo dos repetidores havia maior proporção de mulheres (83.6% vs 56.8%; OR= 4,47), indivíduos na faixa etária entre 25 e 44 anos, em pior situação ocupacional e com maior disfunção no desempenho de papéis sociais (OR= 2,5; 3,1 e 1.05 respectivamente). Repetidores também apresentaram mais sintomas depressivos. Talvez em nossa cultura mulheres tenham melhor retomo em termos de pedido de socorro e/ou mudança de ambiente após a tentativa de suicídio, o que encorajaria a repetição do ato
Abstract: The great majority of data regarding individuals with repeated suicide attempts were obtained from developed countries- The aim of this study is to describe the clinical profile of 61 Brazilian individuals who attempted suicide at least three times and compare them to 102 who were brought to a university hospital for their first suicide attempt. Socio-démographie and clinical data were collected using the WHO/SUPRE-MISS questionnaire, which also comprises several psychometric scales. In the repeaters' group, there were more women (83.6% vs 56.8%; OR= 4,47), 25-44 year-old subjects, worse occupational status and social role performance disability (OR= 2.5, 3.1 and 1.05 respectively). Repeaters also had higher scores on depression. Maybe in our culture women would obtain better feedback with such behavior, that is, help and/or change in the environment, which would encourage the repetition of the act
Mestrado
Saude Mental
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
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Padoa, Carryn. "Deliberate self-harm a search for self or a cry for help? /." Access electronically, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/146.
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Fry, Anne J., University of Western Sydney, College of Social and Health Sciences, and of Nursing Family and Community Health School. "Understanding attempted suicide in young women from non-English speaking backgrounds: a hermeneutic and narrative study." THESIS_CSHS_NFC_Fry_A.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/643.
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This study seeks to attain understanding of attempted suicide in young women from non-English speaking backgrounds, constructing meaning(s) of attempted suicide and eliciting information about sociocultural influences and guided by philosophical hermeneutics and narrative inquiry using life story methods. Thematic analysis was used to explicate from the text 30 sub-themes, five themes (being in a gap between cultures and creating space for themselves, being traumatised and diminished by abuse, surviving dangerous relationships, suffering psychic pain, expressing the self by attempting suicide), and a meta-theme (paradoxically asserting the indefinite self). Interpretation was predicated on the belief that life stories are statements about self-identity, and represent coming into being through the interaction of coherence (the ability to establish connections between events, unifying themes, frames of reference and goal states), continuity (a longitudinal and sequential perspective on life) and connectedness (intrapersonal, interpersonal and transpersonal relationships). The paradox is that being unable to overcome the uncertainties of incoherence, discontinuity and problematic connectedness, participants were predisposed to act against self as a means of asserting agency. This understanding of attempted suicide represents a hermeneutic narrative reconceptualisation of the phenomenon, which places it outside discourses that sanction the language of psychopathology and provides a basis for developing alternative nursing theory and informing education and practiceDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Embree, Jared A. "Suicidal Behavior, Language Acquisition, and Deafness: Evaluating the potential relationship between age of language acquisition and prevalence of suicidal behavior in a Deaf population with co-occurring substance use disorder." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1310159367.
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Fry, Anne J. "Understanding attempted suicide in young women from non-English speaking backgrounds : a hermeneutic and narrative study /." View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030926.125602/index.html.
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Siddaway, Andrew P. "Explaining and predicting psychological problems : the joint importance of positive and negative constructs." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26911.
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Positive Clinical Psychology (PCP) argues that positive and negative psychological constructs are jointly important for explaining psychological problems. “Positive” constructs have been explicitly focused on by positive psychology researchers and “negative” constructs have been explicitly focused on by mental health researchers. This thesis examines the relationship between positive and negative constructs in relation to four psychological problems: depressive symptoms (Chapter 2), anxiety-problems (Chapter 3), suicide attempts (SAs) (Chapter 4 and 5), and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) (Chapter 4 and 5). Clarifying how psychological problems are most appropriately conceptualised has implications for definitions, diagnostic criteria, measurement, and clinical interventions. This thesis provides evidence that some constructs form bipolar continua, having a positive pole and a negative pole, whilst other constructs do not. Chapters 2 and 3 demonstrate that well-being and calmness respectively form continua with depressive and anxiety symptoms. In contrast, Chapters 4 and 5 demonstrate that SA and NSSI cognitions do not form a continuum with another construct. Results indicate that positive and negative constructs appear to have different relationships to one-another depending on the construct under investigation. Constructs that are common in the general population – such as depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, well-being symptoms, and calmness symptoms – appear to be bipolar, having a positive and a negative pole. Psychological constructs that are rare in the general population and which specifically characterise psychological problems (rather than being an extreme manifestation of a common psychological experience) – such as SA and NSSI cognitions – appear to be unipolar. The replication of scientific findings also features strongly throughout this thesis. Each chapter may therefore have a timely bearing on the emerging “replication crisis” literature.
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Friberg, von Sydow Rikard. "Att ta skriken på allvar : Etiska perspektiv på självdestruktivt beteende." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Etik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160566.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation has multiple goals. First to analyze self-destructive behavior and its relations to ethics. Secondly to evaluate four different ethical perspectives regarding self-destructiveness from a certain position of human nature. The third goal is to construct a position that deals with self-destructive behavior in a way that is improved and well-managed compared to the four ethical perspectives analyzed earlier. The first goal is met by comparing and evaluating different theories concerning self-destructive behavior and discussing the ethical implications surrounding them. Self-destructive behavior is seen as a way of communicating, which puts a moral pressure on both the self-destructive person and the society around her. The four ethical perspectives represented by Robert Nozick and Thomas Szasz, two neoliberals, James B Nelson, a body theologian inspired by Paul Tillich, Gail Weiss, a body feminist and Mary Timothy Prokes, a catholic body theologian, are hence met by the problem of self-destruct, analyzed and critically evaluated. In the final chapter the author constructs an improved ethical perspective concerned with self-destructiveness, based on altruism, responsibility and broad-mindedness.
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Lewitzka, Ute. "Neurobiologische Verlaufsuntersuchungen zentraler und peripherer serotonerger und dopaminerger Parameter bei suizidalen Patienten unter Berücksichtigung der Typologie des Parasuizides /." 2003. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=012953557&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Pule, Rosinah Sisinyana. "A community health nursing perspective on teenage suicide." Diss., 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15837.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study was to highlight the extent of teenage suicide/parasuicide in
selected areas in the West Rand.
An exploratory descriptive survey was used to determine the extent of teenage
suicide/parasuicide, identify existing programmes for the prevention of suicide, determine
the involvement of the community health nurses in such programmes and make
recommendations for the development of suicide prevention programmes in areas where they
do not exist.
Structured interview schedules were used to collect data. The study was undertaken in
various clinics in Gauteng Province.
The study results suggest that suicide/parasuicide is a common occurrence amongst teenagers
and young adults aged between 15 and 24 years, suicide/parasuicide do not seem to be
accurately recorded in most clinics, that community health nurses are not adequately
involved in suicide prevention programmes and finally that available suicide prevention
programmes are not fully utilised. Recommendations based on the findings are given.Health Studies
M.A. (Nursing Science)