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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Parent abuse'
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1
Bamba, Marceline Louise. "Evaluating the impact of parent education for parents of young children /." view abstract or download file of text, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9978246.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2000.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 126-139). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9978246.
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Clarke, Kerry Rose. "Parents' experiences of being abused by their adolescent children : an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis study of Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/17092.
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Background: Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse (APVA) continues to be one of the most hidden forms of family-abuse, remaining unrecognised at a policy level and under-researched at a theoretical level, especially in the United Kingdom. Although research has started to emerge, much of this has focussed on mapping the nature and extent of the phenomena with limited attention given to parents' lived experiences of parenting in the context of the adolescent child-to-parent abuse dynamic, which this study attempts to address. Given the complexities of accessing parent-victims of APVA, qualitative researchers have employed somewhat innovative methods, though Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as used within the present study has been relatively overlooked having not been previously used in the UK, highlighting the need for additional research from wider perspectives into the area. Aim: With this in mind, the current study aimed to explore the lived experience of parents who describe being violently and/or abused by their adolescent child to gather a richer understanding of how adolescent-to-parent violence and abuse impacts upon the parenting experience. Method: This research employed a qualitative design using semi-structured interviews with 6 parents (5 mothers and 1 father); the majority of whom were in their early to late 40's. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to develop a rich and multi-layered account of participants' experiences. Results: The analysis produced four superordinate themes. These were: 'Not knowing and the search for answers': Needing to understand, "I love him but I don't like him": Facing and avoiding complex emotions, "Like playing chess with the grand master": Parenting amidst abuse and "I won't be defined by fear": Temporality and seeking change. The superordinate themes and corresponding subordinate themes are discussed in relation to the relevant literature. Clinical implications, methodological considerations and directions for future research are also presented. Implications: This research provided insight into the lived experience of being a parent within an APVA dynamic. The research highlighted the challenges faced by parents as they maintain parental responsibility for a child who is perceptibly abusing them and the ways that the current systems and absence of policy serve to maintain this dynamic. It also emphasised the importance of how parents seek to identify causation as a way of negating parental blame and the associated experience of shame which emerged as underpinning wider complex emotions, particularly fear. It also highlighted the need for timely and specific guidance, support and interventions to parents who experience this unique yet increasingly reported form of family-abuse from a Clinical Psychology and wider professional perspective.
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Quintana, Frances. "Parent skills training for individuals in substance abuse treatment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3066.
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This study examines the relationship between substance abuse and the need for parent skills training. Predicted is that adults in substance abuse treatment are likely to be in need of parent skills training. Previous research has associated the lack of parent skills with inept parenting practices that often leads to developmental problems in children.
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Silvester, Joanne. "Causal attributions in distressed parent-child relationships." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236993.
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Gordon, Lisa Marie Seales. "Correlates of treatment effectiveness for adolescent perpetrators of parent abuse." Full text available online (restricted access), 2003. http://images.lib.monash.edu.au/ts/theses/Gordon.pdf.
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Smit, Alida Hermina. "Adolescents' experiences of parental reactions to the disclosure of child sexual abuse." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09302008-090850.
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Kobayashi, Juichi 1960. "Parental deviance, parent-child bonding, child abuse, and child sexual aggression." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278178.
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Structural equation modeling was used to test a theoretical model of the etiology of the deviant sexual aggression by adolescents. The subjects were 117 juvenile male sexual offenders who had been referred from either criminal justice or social service agencies to a clinic that treated offenders. The tested theoretical model included several family factors: parental deviance, child physical and sexual abuse history, and children's bonding to their parents. The model as a whole fitted the data very well. As for the specific hypotheses in the model, physical abuse by the father and sexual abuse by males were found to increase sexual aggression by adolescents. Also, children's bonding to their mother was found to decrease their sexual aggression. These results are explained from the social learning perspective and parent-child attachment or social control perspective. Further, the directions for the future research are suggested.
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Strong, Lela E. A. "Training Mothers Recovering from Substance Abuse to Identify and Treat Their Children’s Illnesses." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/195.
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Parents who abuse drugs and alcohol are at increased risk of child maltreatment, including the neglect of their children’s health. The present research investigates the effectiveness of the SafeCare® Health module in training mothers with a history of substance abuse living in a residential treatment facility to correctly identify and treat their children’s illnesses. Three mothers of children ages 5-years-old and younger participated in the study. Using a multiple-baseline, single-case experimental design, the research team examined the participants’ ability to select the most appropriate course of action for addressing their children’s illnesses. Results indicate that parents’ skills increased steadily during the intervention, with two of the three participating parents demonstrating mastery of the skills presented. The results suggest that this intervention has great potential to be feasible and effective with this population in this setting. Future research should further investigate the relevance of this intervention with vulnerable populations living in a residential setting to examine whether the changes in targeted parenting skills result in changes in behavior that impact child maltreatment incidence reductions.
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West, Brooke E. "A Mixed-Methods Approach to the Experiences of Non-Offending Parents of Children who have Experienced Sexual Abuse Participating in Child Parent Relationship Therapy (CPRT)." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30525/.
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When a child has been sexually abused, the non-offending parent and child may benefit from an intervention aimed at enhancing the parent child relationship. This mixed-methods study examined the process of child parent relationship therapy (CPRT) with non-offending parents of children who had been sexually abused. One purpose of the present study was to examine change in parent-child relationship, child behavior, and parent empathy of non-offending parents whose children have been sexually abused after participation in CPRT. A secondary purpose of this study was to explore subjective experiences of non-offending parents who participate in CPRT. Participants (N = 8) completed 11 weeks of CPRT in either Spanish speaking (n = 4) or English speaking (n = 4) groups. All participants completed pretest and posttest instruments including Child Behavior Checklist, Parenting Stress Index, and Measurement of Empathy in Adult-Child Interaction. Pretest and posttest means were reported but because of small sample size, only descriptive statistics are reported. Possible trends in pretest/posttest mean scores of the quantitative instruments are discussed. All participants also completed a post semi-structured interview to account for the experience of participants qualitatively. Analysis of the qualitative data revealed enhanced parent-child relationships, improved communication, greater acceptance, positive parental internal changes, positive behavioral changes in child, and positive changes in discipline.
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Zúñiga, Zárate José Guillermo. "An ecological analysis of discipline as a child abuse-like parental behavior /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Nelke, Connie Faye. "Implications of Mediating Parent-Child Interactions in the Treatment of Child Abuse." DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4610.
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Child abuse has been shown to have a detrimental effect on the emotion development of the abused child. Due to a history with the parent that includes a high proportion of negative interactions and an impaired parent-child relationship, the child who has been subjected to physical abuse often manifests psychological symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that treatment aimed at increasing the frequency of positive interaction in the parent-child relationship had on the emotional status of the abused child. Results showed that parent-child interaction play sessions were effective in increasing positive interaction and decreasing subsequent abusive behavior in the parent-child dyad. Self-reported parental attitudes toward the child became more positive. Treatment did not generalize totally and was not maintained totally during follow-up. The effect that treatment had on the emotional status of the abused child was less clear, although some improvement was noted. The results of this study have important clinical implications for therapists working with abusive parents in terms of providing an effective intervention for treatment of child abuse. Further investigation of the treatment is warranted. Suggestions for future research are offered.
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Heath, Robert Steven. "Perceived Parental Nurturance, Parent Identification and Sex-Role Orientation for Female Victims of Sexual Abuse." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332027/.
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This study examined the perception of parental nurturance, the parental identification, and the sex-role orientation of women who had been sexually abused as children. Its purpose was to explore these aspects of a woman's relationship with her parents and the subsequent sex role development, as it relates to the presence or absence of sexual abuse in the relationship. Eighty women averaging 31 years of age volunteered to participate in the study. The women represented three distinct populations with respect to the question of sexual abuse. The first group reported never having been sexually abused (Nonabused). The second group reported having been sexually abused by their father or stepfather (Father Abused). The third group reported having been sexually abused by someone other than their father or stepfather (Other Abused). As predicted, perceived parental nurturance was significantly lower for members of the Father Abused group than for the remaining two groups. In addition, the Nonabused group reported the highest nurturance scores of the three groups. Contrary to expectation, there was no difference between the parent identification patterns of the three groups. Support was provided for the prediction that women who had been sexually abused by their fathers were more likely to express undifferentiated sex roles than androgynous ones. Women not abused by their fathers were more likely to express androgynous sex roles than undifferentiated ones. Limitations of the study and implications of the results were discussed.
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Barton, Katie Lyn. "Sexual Abuse Prevention for Adolescents with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Parent Perceptions and Program Effectiveness." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9037.
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Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) are at an increased risk of experiencing sexual abuse. While there are evidence-based prevention programs for typically developing children, research addressing the IDD population is lacking. Research is also lacking in parent's attitudes towards sexual abuse prevention in the IDD population. Study 1 used a mixed-methods design to measure parent's perceptions of a sexual abuse prevention program. A survey method was used to gather information from parents (n=79). Differences of a variety of variables were considered but only those focusing on the nature of disability, communication abilities, and severity of disability were significant. Overall, the parent survey found that parents believe sexual abuse prevention was important for their children to learn and should be taught in the home and at school. Parents did not feel their children had adequate knowledge, and were interested in having their children participate in a sexual abuse prevention program. The most common fears and barriers held by parents were that their children would not be able to understand or generalize sexual abuse prevention, and that the topic is sensitive and can be difficult to teach. Parents who participated in the survey were invited to enroll their children in the sexual abuse prevention program used for the Study 2. The purpose of Study 2 was to evaluate the effects of a sexual abuse prevention program on adolescents with IDD using a single case design. A total of five adolescents were enrolled in the program. Four out of the five adolescents met criterion indicating that sexual abuse prevention programs can be effective in increasing knowledge among adolescents with IDD.
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Black, Janet Louise. "An evaluation of the impact of parent groups on the treatment of incest victims." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/627.
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Retford, Simon. "Child-against-parent abuse in Greater Manchester : key themes, collaboration and preventative interventions." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/childagainstparent-abuse-in-greater-manchester(e37ef76e-a4a0-446a-9feb-42243d14ec34).html.
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Domestic abuse has been widely researched, however one area relatively absent from such research is that of parent abuse, which sees abuse perpetrated by children against parents. Academic research into parent abuse has begun to increase over recent years, yet this still remains a significantly under-researched area of family violence. This thesis seeks to develop an understanding of key themes and collaborative prevention opportunities in relation to parent abuse in Greater Manchester, and makes recommendations for the development of practitioner responses. Accordingly, the research follows a qualitative paradigm in order to build a better understanding of key issues and to explore opportunities for collaborative responding in the current austere economic climate. The research design consisted of in-depth interviews conducted with practitioners drawn from a variety of public and third-sector agencies working within three boroughs across central Greater Manchester, and utilised open coding in a grounded theoretical approach. The research findings suggest that parent abuse is a unique problem that is complicated by bonds that exist between parent-victims and their abusive children. Parental reluctance to report incidents, through a fear of criminalising or losing their children adds to the difficulties for those responding to parent abuse. Furthermore, the research found problems created by an absence of specific policy, resulting in parent abuse being dealt with via child protection, social care or criminal justice processes. The research also revealed that young male perpetrators were highly prone to mental health and behavioural problems, and there was disproportionate cannabis use amongst young perpetrators. Whilst this may also be the case in the wider youth population, the potential for such correlation is worthy of specific consideration when seeking to further an understanding of parent abuse. Additionally, the importance of collaborative working was highlighted, which revealed opportunities for early intervention. Accordingly, the need for an integrated ‘toolkit’ for responding effectively to deal with parent abuse is proposed, which considers the key issues identified within this thesis. These issues contribute towards both academic knowledge and professional practice in an important but under-researched area of crime and victimisation.
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Spence, Heather M. "Experiencing the Death of a Formerly Abusive Parent." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1468248207.
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Cosimano, Samuel J. Jr. "Adolescents and marijuana use the affects of peer and parent relationships and substance abuse education /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?1445280.
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Scherbarth, Andrew J. Murrell Amy Rebekah Epstein. "Evaluation of skill maintenance, performance factors, and external validity in a behavioral parent training program." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12197.
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DellaMea, Monica Lynn. "An analysis of client records to determine the efficacy of a child abuse preveention program for parents." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2002. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=75.
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Scarlett, Jane Margaret, and Bryan Anderson Wing. "Child abuse and domestic abuse: Factors in reunification." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2133.
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This study was designed to differentiate the significant demographic and familial factors found in families when reunification is successful versus when reunification fails in cases of child removal due to physical abuse and domestic violence. The purpose of this study was to identify which, if any of these factors, lead to successful reunification. Content analysis of adjudicated cases of child abuse in San Bernardino County was used to transform qualitative information into quantitative data.
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Mjwara, Nomalungelo Happiness. "Exploring the parent-child relationship in youth abusing alcohol." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4835.
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Magister Artium (Child and Family Studies) - MA(CFS)Alcohol abuse in youth is an ever growing problem in South Africa. The phenomenon leads to a variety of other problems, including the relationships that these youth have with their parents. The aim of the study was to explore the parent-child relationship in youth abusing alcohol. The first objective of the study was to explore and describe alcohol abuse in youth and the parent-child relationship from the youth’s perspective. The second objective was to explore and describe alcohol abuse in youth and the parent-child relationship from the parents’ perspective. A qualitative research approach has been used. Non probability purposive sampling has also been employed. The sample comprised of youth between the ages of 18-25 from a township area in the Western Cape, as well as a number of parents. The data collection process took place in the form of one-to-one interviews. The data analysis was done by means of coding and identification of themes. The findings revealed that factors such as family boundaries, relationships, economic factors, and problem and risk behaviour negatively influenced parent-child relationships in youth abusing alcohol. The recommendations had a strong emphasis on social work intervention that focus on strengthening family relationships. Youth were also advised to join programmes as a direct intervention for their alcohol abuse.
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Costas, Mary Bassett. "Filial Therapy with Non-Offending Parents of Children Who Have Been Sexually Abused." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279023/.
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This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of filial therapy as a method of intervention for non-offending parents and their children who have experienced sexual abuse. Filial therapy is a didactic/dynamic approach used by play therapists to train parents to be therapeutic agents with their children. Parents are taught basic child-centered play therapy skills and the utilization of these skills in weekly play sessions with their children. Parents learn to create a special environment which enhances and strengthens the parent-child relationship, thus assisting in personal growth and change for both the parent and child. The purpose of this study was to determine if filial therapy is effective in: (a) increasing the acceptance of non-offending parents of their sexually abused children; (b) reducing the stress level of non-offending parents; (c) improving empathic behaviors of non-offending parents toward their sexually abused child; (d) decreasing the anxiety of sexually abused children; (e) enhancing the self-concept of sexually abused children; (f) decreasing behavior problems of sexually abused children as reported by their non-offending parents; and (g) enhancing the emotional adjustment of sexually abused children.
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Prelow, Hazel (Hazel M. ). "The Effects of Parental Substance Abuse on the Behavior of School Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501187/.
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The purpose of the present archival study was to investigate the relationship between parental substance abuse and the risk for maladjustment and psychopathology in children in a clinic sample. Children of alcoholic parents and children of drug-dependent parents were compared to children of non-substance abusing parents. The subjects were 83 boys age 6 to 12. Children of substance abuse parents had lower levels of adaptive functioning and higher levels of school behavioral problems. Although previous studies have reported a strong association between an adverse family environment and the risk of child maladjustment, the present study did not find that the addition of an adverse family environment increased the risk for maladjustment or school behavioral problems in children of substance abusers.
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Miller, Abigail D. "Attachment a look at the ramifications of abuse, neglect, and poverty /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p074-0083.
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Charles, Martine Aline. "Experiences of the mother as the non-offending parent in intra-familial sexual abuse." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26116.
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Although there is an increasing amount of literature on the area of child sexual abuse, there is a dearth of information on the experiences of mothers following disclosure. Illuminating the issues of mothers following disclosure is necessary in formulating therapeutic procedures with these women and their families.
This qualitative study explored the experiences of five mothers whose children were sexually abused by a father or step father. One and a half to two hour videotaped interviews were conducted utilizing a general interview guide.
The findings were categorized into three areas: Reaction to Disclosure, Changing Social Relationships, and Healing Process. Emerging from these three categories were two themes that appeared to link the categories. These themes were the importance these women placed on their role as protector of their children, and the struggles with role or relationship disruptions.Arts, Faculty of
Social Work, School of
Graduate
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Da, Mota Ribeiro Jezebel. "Young adults' experiences of providing social support to a parent with alcohol abuse problems." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5254.
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Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych)Supportive relationships have been found to be very beneficial for health and well-being. However, amongst alcohol dependent individuals, family support is often low, as alcohol abuse can pose a barrier between the individual and his or her family. The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of how adult children experienced providing social support to a parent with alcohol abuse problems or recovering from alcohol addiction. To conceptualize the study, Bowen's Family Systems Theory was used, which highlights the impact that alcohol abuse has on a family as a whole, and that it does not solely affect the individual who is addicted to alcohol. Participants were selected using convenience sampling. Adopting a qualitative approach, the researcher conducted individual semi-structured interviews in which participants were students between the ages of 25 and 38 years. The qualitative interviews were transcribed verbatim and transcriptions were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of the Western Cape Higher Degrees Committee. Informed consent for conducting this research study was obtained from the University of the Western Cape (UWC) and Kensington Treatment Centre (KTC) as well as from participants. The consent forms indicate that only the researcher and the researcher's supervisor have access to the data obtained. The researcher pledged confidentiality and adherence to ethical rules and regulations. The researcher ensured that participant anonymity was not compromised upon analysis of the data. The study found that parental alcohol abuse has negative effects on the support provider's well-being and their involvement in the parent-child relationship. Effects included feelings of anger and shame; giving in to peer pressure; engaging in substance use and risky sexual behaviours; distancing themselves emotionally; and keeping secrets. Furthermore, participants also experienced social alienation; emotional and sexual abuse; and a fragmentation of the parent-child relationship.
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Terao, Sherri Yukiko. "Treatment effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy with physically abusive parent-child dyads." Scholarly Commons, 1999. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2443.
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The effectiveness of Parent Child Interaction Therapy with physically abusive parent child dyads was examined. Thirty-four physically abusive parents and their children were randomly assigned to either an experimental condition in which parents participated in the intervention or a control condition in which regular family preservation services were offered. Parents in the treatment group reported a reduction in the number of child behavior problems, lower levels of stress, and lower abuse potential scores when compared with control parents. Clinical implications along with future recommendations for treatment of physically abusive parents and children are discussed.
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Johnson, Wendi L. "The Influence of Parents on Trajectories of Antisocial Behavior, Depressed Mood, and Child-to-Parent Abuse Across Adolescence and Young Adulthood." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1366976779.
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Schmor, Stephanie Ann. "Child sexual abuse and the non-offending parent, a psychoeducational support group or mothers who have children who have been sexually abused." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0009/MQ32242.pdf.
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Cosimano, Samuel Joseph. "Adolescents and Marijuana Use: The Affects of Peer and Parent Relationships and Substance Abuse Education." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2121.
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The purpose of this study was to analyze gender, race, substance abuse programs such as Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.), parents, and peers and their ability to influence or predict adolescents and their decisions to use marijuana. All of the variables used for this study came from secondhand data collected by Esbensen and Osgood (1999), Gang Resistance Education and Training (G.R.E.A.T.). The analysis revealed that males are more likely to have ever used marijuana, that mixed race adolescents have a higher rate than other races to have ever used marijuana, that when adolescents complete the substance abuse program, D.A.R.E. have a lower rate than those who did not complete the program, adolescents are less likely to have ever used marijuana when their parents know where they are, and adolescents are more likely to have ever used marijuana when they have friends who use marijuana.
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Snider, J. Blake, and Andrea D. Clements. "Late Adolescent Perceptions of Parent Religiosity and Parenting Processes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7299.
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Oliveros, Arazais. "Family Conflict and Emerging Adults' Attributions of Conflict in Romantic Relationships." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2141.
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The impact of parents' marital conflict and parent-child conflict on the adjustment of children is well documented. Given the theoretical and empirical data to support a relationship between experiencing interparental and parent-child conflict during childhood and later conflict in romantic relationships, it is important to investigate the potential mechanisms that operate in this relationship. Thus, the present study sought to investigate the extent to which attributions of conflict mediate the relationship between experiencing interparental and parent-child conflict and later conflict in a romantic relationship. Results were based on the responses of emerging adults (190 males and 473 females) enrolled in psychology courses at a large southeastern university. Compared to males, females reported experiencing lower levels of permissive parenting, as well as higher levels of interparental psychological aggression, maternal emotional availability, attachment with mothers and peers, and overt violence in their current romantic relationships. Consistent with extant research, significant correlations were found among interparental conflict, parent-child conflict, attributions of conflict, parenting style, emotional availability of parents, attachment, and conflict with current romantic partners. Regression analyses (for males and females separately) suggested that different types of interparental and parent-child conflict predict greater hostile attributions and greater levels of conflict with current romantic partners. Although attributions of conflict predicted conflict with current romantic partners, conflict attributions did not mediate the relationship between family conflict and conflict with current romantic partners. These findings emphasized the importance of research investigating the long-term cognitive and emotional effects of family conflict and violence in order to provide a context for understanding the development of risk and resilience factors for relationship violence.Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD
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Miller-Clayton, Alana K. "Effects of Sexual Abuse and Cultural Coping on African American Parent-Child Relationships: Implications for Intervention." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_diss/73.
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Few studies have been conducted to determine relationships between maternal childhood sexual abuse (CSA) history and parenting practices. Furthermore, no studies have attempted to understand how cultural coping methods dynamically impact the relationship between maternal CSA history and parenting outcomes. The purpose of this study is to understand if maternal coping mediates the relation between maternal CSA history and mother-daughter relational outcomes in a sample of African American mothers. The Strong Black Woman (SBW) Cultural Coping Scale, which consists of caretaking, affect regulation, and self-reliance factors, was used to represent maternal coping, and the Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (PCRQ) was used to assess warmth, personal relationship, possessiveness, and power assertion. Results showed that maternal CSA history was significantly related to SBW Cultural Coping total scores in the positive direction (i.e., mothers with CSA history reported higher scores). Mediation and indirect effects analyses revealed maternal CSA history was associated with mother-daughter possessiveness and power assertion through SBW Cultural Coping total scores. Additional analyses revealed a significant relation between maternal CSA history and subscales of the SBW, specifically caretaking and self-reliance. The meditational analyses, utilizing SBW subscale scores, revealed significant relations between maternal CSA and maternal warmth in the inverse direction via SBW caretaking, CSA and possessiveness in the positive direction via SBW self-reliance, and CSA and power assertion in the positive direction via both SBW caretaking and self-reliance factors. The results of this study highlight that specific types of trauma (i.e., CSA) can have significant implications for familial functioning within minority populations based on culturally-driven coping.
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Parker, Jennifer S. "Parent Structure and Support and Adolescent Problems: Delinquency, Substance Abuse, and Peer and Self-Esteem Deficits." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27344.
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Attachment and family systems theories provided a framework for examining parental structure and support and adolescent delinquency, substance abuse, peer relations, and self-esteem. Three parent scales: support, watchfulness and decidedness, and eight adolescent outcome variables assessing self-esteem, peer relations, and risk-behaviors were derived from the National Educational Longitudinal Study. The sample of 16,749 adolescents was diverse regarding race and ethnicity. All participants were in the tenth grade in the first wave and continued participation in the second wave two years later.
Parental support was hypothesized to be associated with increased self-esteem, positive peer relationships and reduced risk behaviors. Although the research findings support the hypothesis for each of the adolescent variables, support was most related to adolescent self-esteem and peer alienation, consistent with an attachment schema.
The hypothesis that parental watchfulness is linked to a reduction in adolescent high-risk behaviors was not supported. Instead, watchfulness was linked to self-esteem and peer alienation. These findings indicate that watchfulness, similar to support, is more related to internal processes rather than a mechanism for controlling behavior.
Parental decidedness is associated with lower risk behaviors along with lower self-esteem and greater susceptibility to peer alienation. This construct, in contrast to support and watchfulness, presents a different direction of influence depending on the adolescent outcome. The direction of influence of decidedness is negative for self-esteem and peer relations and positive for adolescent risk reduction.
The overall research findings indicate that high amounts of support and watchfulness are related to the most positive outcomes for adolescent self-esteem and peer relations. In contrast, the effect of parental decidedness was less salutary for self-esteem and peer relations. In summary, conclusions from this research have implications for theory and practice. For theory, the understanding of specific linkages between these parenting constructs and adolescent outcomes is advanced in this research. These linkages have implication for extensions and modifications of attachment and family systems theories. For practice, the findings suggest refinement in contemporary parent education and clinical work with families.Ph. D.
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McGoron, Kathleen. "An Examination of a Process Model of Physical Child Abuse: Considering Direct, Indirect, and Interactive Effects of Cumulative Socio-Contextual Risk on Markers of Physical Child Abuse in Mothers of Young Children." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1573.
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Understanding pathways to physical child abuse may aid in creating and implementing abuse prevention services. Yet studying child abuse in community samples of parents is fraught with challenges. One solution to these challenges is to examine markers of physical child abuse, rather than asking about abuse directly. The goal of the current investigation is to test a theoretical model of processes that increase the presence of four proximal risk factors, or markers, which have been linked to increased risk for physical child abuse in mothers of young children. The four markers of physical child abuse include: child abuse potential, over-reactive discipline, spanking acceptance, and mothers’ negative child perceptions. Positive associations between an accumulation socio-contextual risk and markers of physical abuse are hypothesized. An accumulation of socio-contextual risk is expected to indirectly predict markers of physical abuse by reducing parenting locus of control, or parents’ perceptions of control in the parent-child relationship. Furthermore, social support and children’s externalizing behavior problems are expected to diminish or intensify this mediated process, respectively. Participants included 85 mothers of young children (ages 1½ to 5 years) from diverse backgrounds. Of the four markers of abuse, cumulative risk and parenting locus of control were correlated only with mothers’ child abuse potential and no statistical association between cumulative risk and parenting locus of control was found. Limited support for moderation hypotheses emerged. Theoretical implications are discussed.
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Wilsie, Carisa Caro Knight Elizabeth Brestan. "An evaluation of treatment drop-out families with a history of child physical abuse /." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Psychology/Thesis/Wilsie_Carisa_33.pdf.
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Jarman, Lennon. "Parental management of adolescent substance abuse." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17625.
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The incidence and consequences of adolescent substance abuse for the health and well-being of adolescents, their significant others and society at large, have become an increasing concern. The early onset of substance use further enhances the potential for addiction, thus emphasizing the need for early identification and intervention. The literature and practice observations suggest that parental management, which includes parenting practices such as parental monitoring, clear rules about substance use and the modelling of protective, constructive behaviours, protects adolescents from the onset of substance use and interrupts the adolescent’s progression to substance abuse. This qualitative study aimed to explore and describe parental management of adolescent substance abuse in the Nelson Mandela Metropole. An exploratory- descriptive and contextual research design was employed in this study. Furthermore, non-probability purposive sampling, in conjunction with snowball sampling techniques, was employed to recruit parents who have or continue to manage their adolescents (between the ages of 13-18 years) substance abuse and the associated impact that it has of on the family in the past year. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with ten parents, and data collection ceased upon reaching data saturation. The generated data was analysed using thematic data analysis. The trustworthiness of the research process and the findings was enriched by engaging in a variety of data verification strategies. The following main themes emerged from the data analysis process: Participants’ perspective of adolescent substance use in their community; Participants’ experiences of their own child’s substance use; Impact of substance use on the family system; Participants’ perspective of their role in managing adolescent substance use; and, Participants’ support needs in relation to adolescent substance use. The findings contribute to a greater understanding of what parents require to effectively prevent and/or manage substance abuse by their adolescent children. The findings furthermore recommend preventive interventions at both primary and secondary level.
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Holm, Henliëtte. "The knowledge of parents in the military regarding child sexual abuse / Henliëtte Holm." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4807.
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The prevalence of child sexual abuse in South Africa is alarmingly high. Child
protection officials’ task is challenging due to the fact that most cases of child
sexual abuse are never reported as a result of the stigma attached to child
sexual abuse.
This article explains the vulnerable position of the children of uniform
members of the military due to the fact that one or both parents are absent
from the family due to fragmentation.
Two main reasons are causing fragmentation. The first reason that can be
mentioned is the fact that the soldier him–/herself has decided not to relocate
the family to his/her workplace. Cultural beliefs, housing crisis or other
practical challenges might play a role in the parent’s decision.
The second reason for fragmentation is the fact that soldiers are obliged to
attend military courses or to represent their country during a peace operation
on the African continent. These military obligations cause physical and
emotional absence of the parental figure, which might leave the child in a
vulnerable position to fall victim to child sexual abuse. Fragmentation impacts
negatively on the parental relationship as well as on the safety of the child.
The deployed parent often is left with no choice but to unwittingly leave the
child with a harmful caretaker.
The aim of the study was to establish the knowledge of parents in the military
regarding child sexual abuse.
The objectives of the study were:
· To investigate parents in the military's basic knowledge of child sexual
abuse in preventing their children from falling victim to sexual perpetrators. · To provide guidelines to military parents for preventing and recognising
child sexual abuse.
Data collection took place by means of interviews with ten South African
National Defence Force members. A self–developed interview schedule was
used to establish the parent's knowledge regarding child sexual abuse.
The results indicated the limited knowledge of parents in the military regarding
child sexual abuse. Many parents viewed sexuality as a taboo topic. Some
parents presented with an attitude that someone else is responsible for their
child's sexual education. Still, the parents indicated that they would like to
improve their communication with their children in order to empower and
protect the child against sexual perpetrators.Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Sinder, J. Blake, Alexander T. Vazsonyi, and Andrea D. Clements. "Late Adolescent Perceptions of Parent Religiosity and Parenting Processes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7212.
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The current investigation examined the relations between adolescent reports of parent religiosity and parenting processes, using both a dimensional and a typological conceptualization of parenting. Self‐report data were collected from 357 late adolescents. Partial correlations indicated that parent religiosity was associated with both parenting dimensions and parenting styles in conceptually expected directions. Regression analyses provided evidence that the dimensional conceptualization of parenting explained additional variability in perceived parental religiosity above and beyond parenting style effects. Findings suggest that a dimensional conceptualization of parenting processes extends the literature on parent religiosity because it yields more nuanced information about how parental religiosity may be related to differentiated parenting behaviors. Potential therapeutic implications of the findings are discussed.
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Carter, Ohan Patricia. "Young African American Men's Conception of Fatherhood Among Survivors of Childhood Abuse." ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7916.
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Male survivors of abuse who become fathers themselves face challenges different from female survivors, such as conceptualizing their roles as providers and heads of households after the traumatic and often belittling experiences of abuse. However, very few researchers have studied the connection between child abuse and fatherhood, and none specific to young African American fathers. An interpretative phenomenological approach enabled exploration of how African American fathers who were abused as children, conceptualized and perceived their own experiences with fatherhood. The theoretical framework for this study was identity theory, which indicates that how people conceptualize a social role influences their actions in that role. Research questions centered on how young African American fathers, who were abused as children, conceptualized fatherhood and carried out their roles as fathers. Data collected from 11 young African American fathers came through in-depth, semistructured interviews. Key findings showed participants conceptualized fatherhood as being present for, providing for, and protecting their children. These fathers worked to break the cycle of abuse they had experienced and to show support for their children. Implications to promote social change include use of study findings to develop parenting programs that address childhood trauma. Other benefits may come from developing groups for father with children in the foster care system, helping these men to understand why they parent the way they do and to break the destructive cycle of parenting they had experienced. Findings may also contribute to the establishment of fatherhood programs that match fathers with supportive role models who help in navigating the father role.
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McCloud, Elizabeth Jane. "Adolescent-to-parent violence and abuse (APVA) : an investigation into prevalence, associations and predictors in a community sample." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2017. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/adolescenttoparent-violence-and-abuse-apva(3df952b2-263f-47b2-aeba-94e8197ed1e3).html.
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Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse (APVA) is a form of family violence and abuse that has, in recent years, received increasing attention within academic literature. In England and Wales, APVA is beginning to have more of a presence in policing, youth justice and domestic violence and abuse policy. However, there remains a dearth of empirical quantitative research arising from the UK about this topic. In response, this research aims to report the prevalence of APVA from a UK cross-sectional community sample of 890 secondary school students (aged 11 to 18 years). Furthermore, adolescent characteristics and behaviours, familial characteristics, and school bullying experience are measured to ascertain whether these factors are associated with, and can predict, APVA. APVA was found to be prevalent amongst 64.5% of the sample; psychological APVA was more prevalent than physical APVA (64.4% and 4.3% respectively). Significant associations and predictors of APVA have been identified and three statistically significant logistic regression models are presented that can predict the probability of psychological APVA, physical APVA, and severe APVA occurring. This research contributes to the understanding of the experiences and characteristics of young people who exhibit APVA. The findings demonstrate that APVA is a complex phenomenon that is associated with and can be predicted by individual, family and school bullying characteristics. The results have implications for policy and practice, in particular that a holistic and whole-family approach should be taken to the assessment and subsequent planning of intervention for APVA and that APVA can be screened for in universal settings, such as schools. Therefore, awareness raising and prevention strategies could be incorporated into existing policy and practice frameworks. It is proposed that these findings are best interpreted and understood by ecological theories which can provide a useful framework with which to develop future research.
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Taylor, Caroline. "The legal construction of victim/survivors in parent-child intrafamilial sexual abuse trials in the Victorian County Court of Australia in 1995." Thesis, The Author [Mt. Helen, Vic.] :, 2001. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/60427.
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Lawrence, Daysha Rai. "Childhood victimization and adolescent delinquency an application of differential association theory /." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1247840105.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Sociology, 2009."August, 2009." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 10/14/2009) Advisor, Stacey Nofziger; Committee members, Valerie Callanan, Richard Adams; Department Chair, John Zipp; Dean of the College, Chand Midha; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Frans, Zanelle. "Exploring the effects of parental substance abuse on perceived family well-being in a selected rural area in the Western Cape province." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7669.
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Magister Artium (Social Work) - MA(SW)Substance abuse is a global phenomenon and a leading social issue that affects the user and the well-being of the user’s family. Parental substance abuse in particular, has a negative impact on family well-being. South Africa is no exception and is rated by the United Nations as one of the countries in Southern Africa with the highest rate of substance abuse. The Western Cape has very high rates of substance abuse, and the effects on the abuser’s family and community is of great concern for social and health practitioners
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Zajac, Kristyn. "Caregiver state of mind and child psychopathology intergenerational effects in a low-income sample /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 47 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1163266771&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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LaBorde, Cicely T. Kaminski Patricia L. "The role of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and parental misperceptions in risk for child physical abuse." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-5154.
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McFarland, Laura Dolores. "The relationship between unresolved loss and trauma, childhood abuse, frightening experiences and frightened/frightening caregiving : a comparison of mothers and fathers /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004336.
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Kallstrom-Fuqua, Amanda C. "Examining parenting outcomes of childhood sexual abuse survivors utilizing observation and self-report methods." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4600/.
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Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with negative outcomes in adulthood, including difficulty in relationships. Research has posited CSA may lead to insecure attachment in survivors, which may be the vehicle by which dysfunctional parent-child relationships develop. The purpose of the proposed study was to examine differences in parenting outcomes between CSA and non-CSA mothers utilizing both observational and self-report methods and to examine the unique impact of CSA on parenting attitudes. Abuse status was determined by scores on the Sexual Abuse subscale of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), with the CSA group comprised of mothers scoring in the moderate to severe range. Mothers self-reported parenting attitudes on the Parent-Parental Acceptance Rejection Questionnaire/Control (P-PARQ/Control) and the Adult Adolescent Parenting Inventory-2 (AAPI-2), while parental depression was assessed with the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-2). Parenting behaviors were observed by coding the Parent-Child Interaction Assessment (PCIA). Hypotheses were not supported until child gender was considered as a third variable. Results of MANCOVA analyses indicated CSA mothers, but not comparison mothers, exhibited significantly poorer limit-setting skills (h² = .21) with male children compared to female children, but did not self-report these differences. Although not statistically significant, small but potentially meaningful effect sizes were found when the self-reports of CSA mothers were compared to their observed behaviors. Specifically, CSA mothers displayed increased levels of physical nurturance (h² = .11) and role reversal (h² = .08) with male children compared to female children, but again, did not self-report these differences. Finally, CSA mothers, but not comparison mothers tended to self-report greater beliefs in corporal punishment with male children compared to females (h² = .08). Secondary findings revealed parental depression was the only unique predictor of parental nurturance, attitude toward corporal punishment, and role reversal. Findings confirm the importance of third variables, including child gender and parental depression. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed, as well as limitations and future research directions.
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O'Rourke, Kerry. "Assessment of a Parenting Education Program: Preventing Child Abuse and Neglect in At-Risk Families through Parent Education and Support." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3922.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Ann BurgessChild abuse and neglect in the United States is a highly sensitive issue. According to federal statistics, 1,640 children died from child abuse and neglect in the United States during the fiscal year 2012 (U.S. DHHS et al., 2013). There are multiple theories on how to prevent abuse and protect children from maltreatment. Experts in the field of child welfare believe a critical element in the prevention of child abuse and neglect is parenting education and support services for at-risk populations.The twofold purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a parenting education program offered at Saint Joseph Parenting Center (SJPC) in Stamford, CT in promoting positive parenting behaviors through parenting education and to assess the level of client satisfaction with the teachers, staff, and overall experience at SJPC. The study analyzed data from surveys given to SJPC clients between April 19, 2010 and February 13, 2013. The sample consisted of 63 registered clients who completed at least ten classes before February 13, 2013. All 63 clients completed the client survey after completing ten classes and 42 clients completed the same survey a second time after completing twenty classes. Results from frequency analysis of the data indicated a reported increase in positive parenting behaviors since beginning the program and a reported decrease in negative parenting behaviors. An analysis of variance failed to reveal a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the 10-class and 20-class surveys. Frequency analysis of the surveys indicated a positive review of the teachers, staff, and overall experience at SJPC by clients. Limitations of the study and suggestions for further research are discussed
Thesis (BS) — Boston College, 2014
Submitted to: Boston College. Connell School of Nursing
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Nursing
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Peploe, Matthew. "In a World of its Own: How Operative Closure Limits the Law's Ability to Protect Children from Maltreatment." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2231.
Full textAbstract:
New Zealand's figures for child maltreatment are consistently amongst the highest in the OECD. The purpose of this thesis is to understand what the legal system can do to protect children in New Zealand from maltreatment and why legal responses to child maltreatment often appear to be ineffectual or of limited effect. This thesis uses the theories of Luhman and Teubner to argue that the law's ability to protect children from maltreatment is limited because the legal system creates and responds to its own abstract world. This process arises from the functional requirements of the law and its operation as an autopoietic system of power that produces its own abstract knowledge about the world. The legal system's function within New Zealand society is to stabilise behavioural expectations and maintain society's coherence and it does so by reducing the complexity of subjective human existence into binary alternatives. However, this process of reducing complexity limits the way in which the law produces its knowledge about the world and controls how power is distributed within the law's abstract world to such an extent that the legal system is closed from the world of subjective experience. This closure from the world outside the legal system limits the law's ability to regulate and reform that outside world and protect the children who live within it. By identifying these limits, this thesis will contribute to an understanding of the limits of the law's ability to protect children from maltreatment and thereby improve the effectiveness of New Zealand society's attempts to protect its children.