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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Parenthood'
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Stevens, Philippa Ann. "Negotiating lesbian parenthood." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274356.
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Bird, Ebele. "Adjustment in adoptive parenthood." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556150.
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Background Stress, coping and adjustment within adoptive parenthood has received increasing attention, particularly within the current climate of late-placed adoptions (children placed for adoption aged 12 months or above). Many adopted children have pre- adoption experiences ranging from maltreatment to loss of their primary carer. These are associated with increased parenting difficulties. Many couples adopt because they have been unable to conceive birth children. For all concerned, adjustment within adoption is expected to be a difficult and stressful experience. This is the case for a small minority. However, for the majority of adoptive families positive adjustment occurs despite the considerable challenges. This complex picture suggests factors which predict stress and coping remain to be understood. Furthermore, lacking within the literature are adoptive parents' subjective experiences of their experience adopting within the current climate. Method An integrative review of existing research was completed to examine how adoptive parents manage the considerable demands of adoptive parenting, using the framework of Family Stress Theory. Qualitative research exploring the experience of becoming a parent through late-placed adoptions was completed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis as the method of analysis. Adjustment in Adoptive Parenthood Results Existing research on adoptive parenthood adjustment can be understood using the Family Stress Theory model. Adoptive parents' experiences of adoptive parenthood revealed similarities with biological parenthood, including shock, coping and adjustment, and identifying as a parent. A further finding, perhaps unique to adoptive parenthood, involved the resolving of complex conflicts in relation to adoption factors. Conclusion Family Stress Theory provides a useful framework for understanding the complexities of adoptive parenthood adjustment. Adjustment within adoptive parenthood mirrors to an extent what is observed in biological parenthood, but perhaps with greater complexity and intensity. Furthermore, adoptive parenthood is characterised by the resolving of complex conflicts. The findings further understanding of the complexities of late-placed adoption for first time parents.
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Jolly, Clare. "Making sense of parenthood." Thesis, City University London, 2014. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/12305/.
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Research into parents’ experiences of becoming parents is widespread. However research regarding therapy for parents, and how that may impact on the meanings parents give to parenthood is rare. In response to this lack of knowledge, this study explores parents’ experiences of counselling at SureStart children’s centres and how that experience affects their perceptions of themselves as parents, and their on-going experience of parenthood. The study was conducted using phenomenological methodology. Data was collected via four semi-structured interviews. Participants were parents who had received counselling at a local children’s centre. They had between two and four children each, aged between eight months and four years. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Three superordinate themes are evidenced – i. Who am I?, ii. Feeling out of Control and iii. Parenthood and Counselling. Parents’ sense of a parental identity and sense of agency changed when they became parents and over time, and therapy was used to explore these differences in experience. Despite accessing therapy, participants did not identify with people whom they thought of as needing mental health services. It is suggested that children’s centre counselling services could become a “gateway” to other parenting support as the parent learns to experience a therapeutic relationship, gains a better sense of agency, and trusts that the professionals are not judging them. The findings are examined in the light of the extant literature which suggests, for example, that parents may experience dissonance between their concept of “parent” and their concept of “client.” They may also find parenthood harder if their thinking is not “principle led”. The research findings indicate that there is still much to learn about this participant group, and suggestions are made for further research in this area.
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Kneale, Dylan. "Pathways to parenthood : exploring context as a predictor of time to first parenthood." Thesis, UCL Institute of Education (IOE), 2009. http://eprints.ioe.ac.uk/7409/.
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Striking patterns of late fertility are now firmly entrenched within British demography. This rise in age at first birth has not been observed uniformly across fertility schedules, but represents an exit from parenthood during the mid to late twenties. Substantial numbers of men and women continue to become parents at an early age while growing numbers postpone parenthood. Socioeconomic differentials predict age at first parenthood, with those with advantaged characteristics being associated with postponement. However, this pattern is by no means clear, and current models reveal that a substantial portion of the variance in timing remains unexplained. The overarching hypothesis tested in this thesis using data from two nationally representative birth cohort studies is that the timing of parenthood is a joint product of socioeconomic factors and contextual factors: Contextual factors govern the transition to parenthood through influencing the perception of socioeconomic factors in addition to sanctioning normative fertility behaviour. This theory is tested using fertility histories from both men and women, and modelling contextual childhood predictors of the timing of parenthood using binary logistic and event history regression models. Through examining the characteristics of early parents and those who postpone parenthood, this thesis finds that values about fertility and the lifecourse predict parenthood at both ends of the fertility spectrum, independent of socioeconomic factors. Philoprogenetive tendencies predict both early parenthood and moderate projections of future childlessness, while dislike of school, low parental educational expectations and region of residence predict early parenthood. The definition of 'early' parenthood is also explored thoroughly and is contrasted as being both a political and social construct. The conclusion of this exploration is the derivation of relative and absolute binary definitions of 'early' that are used throughout the thesis resulting in novel distinctions being found between patterns of early motherhood and early fatherhood.
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Halsey, Charlotte Day Pettit Gregory S. "Developmental antecedents of sdolescent parenthood." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/master's/HALSEY_CHARLOTTE_45.pdf.
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Kalebic, Natasha Louise. "Delaying parenthood : choice or circumstance?" Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/26636/.
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People, especially women, are delaying having children until later ages. The average age of first birth in the UK is now 29.5, an increase of six years over the past four decades. This may be problematic not only due to the fact that fertility declines with age (with a marked decrease after age 35) but also due to the fact that older age is associated with more complications during pregnancy and delivery to both mother and baby. Previous research has shown that although people have awareness of fertility risks and issues in general they often underestimate the risks and may not apply them to themselves. The aim of the present thesis is to examine reasons why people may be delaying childbearing, whether they know about the risks associated with reduced fertility and how we can better educate people about these risks.
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Addy, Kate Elizabeth. "Regulating parenthood : legality and responsibility." Thesis, University of Hull, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272082.
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Montagna, Plinio. "Socioaffective parenthood and families today." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115850.
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The purpose of this paper is to discuss issues related to multiparentality in the current society, which emerges from contemporary changes originated on the second half of the 20th Century, with the increase of legal divorces that occurred. The approach to the topic is given by analyzing the origin and the concept of the term parentality, native of the French language. The theme is studied also through the consideration of maternal and paternal roles, related or not to biological genders of father and mother. The work is original when it regards, in clinical observations, the necessity of the elaboration of mourning for the loss of internal objets in order to appropriate the positive contigencies of multiparentality<br>El propósito del trabajo es discutir cuestiones relacionadas con la multiparentalidad en la sociedad actual, emergente de los cambios contemporáneos originados en la segunda mitad del siglo XX en las relaciones familiares, con el incremento del número de divorcios. La aproximación al tema se da por medio de analizar el origen y el concepto del término parentalidad, oriundo del idioma francés. El tema también es estudiado a través de la discusión de los roles materno y paterno, relacionados o no con los géneros biológicos de padre y madre. La originalidad del artículo proviene de la observación clínica de la importancia de la elaboración interna del luto individual para así hacer posible un mejor posicionamiento con relación a la multiparentalidad.
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Biehle, Susanne N. "Coping from Pregnancy to Parenthood." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1340561612.
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Larkins, Jenny M. "Alcohol involvement, marriage and parenthood /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1418041.
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Smith, Lesley. "The politics of preparation for parenthood." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1990. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10018493/.
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The focus of this study is preparation for parenthood in U.K. secondary schools in the decade of the 1970s. During this period it was suggested that cycles of deprivation are set up by inadequacies in parenting, resulting in a range of social problems, and preparation for parenthood was supported as a means of breaking this cycle. The study explores relevant educational policy in the U.K. between the second world war, and the end of the 1970s, and the views of teachers and pupils involved in preparation for parenthood. Methods have involved semi-structured interviews, reviews of literature and policy, and discourse analysis. The theoretical perspective used is a feminist one. A number of questions are considered, including why preparation for parenthood became popular in the 1970s; why the call for this curriculum is sustained even though girls express knowledge and commitment in relation to future parental responsibilities; and what is the likely influence on the adult lives of girls of involvement with this aspect of schooling. In'addition there is a consideration of gender divisions, how these relate to preparation for parenthood, and also how the personal views of teachers might influence this aspect of their work. The role of the state, and of educational policy, is explored and the possibility is raised that the preparation for parenthood curriculum might contribute to the creation or maintenance of the deprivation that it sets out to oppose.
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Chadwick, Rebekah. "Parenthood in the context of anxiety." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/77176/.
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This thesis explores parenthood in the context of anxiety. Chapter One presents a systematic literature review exploring parenting behaviours in parents with anxiety disorders. This aims to critically review studies which consider the association between parental anxiety disorder and parenting behaviour towards school-aged children, specifically those that independently observe parent-child interactions. Fifteen such studies of parents diagnosed with anxiety disorders were reviewed. The majority of studies presented comparative data of anxious and non-anxious parents, frequently finding no differences between groups. Inconsistencies in the findings are highlighted and discussed. Methodological and theoretical limitations, implications for clinical practice and theory, and recommendations for future research are discussed. The review concludes that evidence does not consistently demonstrate a relationship between parental anxiety disorder and parenting, which supports findings of other reviews in the area. However, numerous methodological limitations associated with the use of independent observation must be considered. Chapter Two is an empirical paper regarding mothers’ experiences of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Nine mothers who associated their OCD onset or exacerbation with a pregnancy or child’s birth were interviewed. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to explore their experiences, with particular consideration to motherhood in the context of OCD. Two superordinate themes of ‘changing identity’ and ‘disconnection’ were interpreted. Consideration is given to how these findings relate to existing research into obsessive-compulsive disorder, maternal mental health and motherhood. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and potential future directions for research are discussed. Chapter Three provides reflections on the research journey. Specifically, the paper considers the researcher’s selection of the research area and explores reflections on areas where the researcher’s experience of the research converged with experiences of the mothers with OCD who participated in the research project.
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Gallego, Tomas Maria <1996>. "Parenthood decision-making: the Spanish case." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/20010.
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The birth rate cycle is changing in advanced societies as a result of the new ways of life. The
decreasing trend in the number of new-borns can damage several social structures, such as the
pension system. The aim of this project is to detect the variables that play a role when making
the decision of having children as well as detecting those indicators that anticipates birth rates
fluctuations. The effect of these indicators must be understood in order to implement efficient
policies, as well as detecting as soon as possible the consequences that these approaches may
lead into. Spanish data from google searches, macroeconomic indicators and answers from the
CIS surveys are going to be analysed. The results are going be obtained using a number of
ARIMA models.
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Lam, Kwai-chun Jenny. "Transition to parenthood : the role of expectation /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13990925.
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Mrayan, Lina. "Exploring the transition to parenthood in Jordan." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547428.
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Lam, Kwai-chun Jenny, and 林貴珍. "Transition to parenthood: the role of expectation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249802.
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Brennan, Jessica. "Becoming a mother : the transition to parenthood." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2018. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/67724/.
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The relationship between mother and child has been one of interest to attachment theorists who have studied this relationship following Bowlby’s (1969/1982) proposition that children are attached to their mother. They suggest that their mother is guided by a caregiving behavioural system to provide care and protection to her child. It has been proposed that this system develops throughout life, reaching a peak in its maturity during pregnancy and the transition to motherhood, however the ontology of this system has not previously been studied. Other researchers have proposed that the relationship during pregnancy is reflective of the mother being attached to her foetus. Although many researchers have studied the relationship between mother and foetus and mother and child, very few have looked at these constructs together. This thesis aims to draw together the differing methodologies to provide a better understanding of what impacts a mother’s transition to parenthood and her relationship with her child. The findings of a total of 6 studies will be discussed. First, this research found that the antenatal relationship between a mother and her foetus is best explained as a caregiving relationship rather than as an attachment relationship. Additionally, maternal relationships with partners were important factors in the women’s transition to motherhood – high relationship satisfaction and providing responsive care to partners 1 year after giving birth were significantly associated with lower parenting stress. Finally, a small longitudinal sample from the 3rd trimester of pregnancy until the children were 1 year old is presented. Overall, these results indicate that the development of the caregiving behavioural system merits further study, as it does seem to be related to antenatal relationships, which may impact infant attachment security.
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Gammer, Isobel. "Self-compassion and well-being in parenthood." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2017. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/16419/.
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New self-help interventions have been called for to promote psychological well-being amongst mothers in the first year post-partum, with self-compassion being identified as a promising intervention target. The present study developed and evaluated a low-intensity, online, compassion-based intervention for this population. The Kindness for Mums Online (KFMO) programme was based on Hartley-Jones (2016), and was developed in consultation with six mothers. Mothers of infants under one year (N = 206) participated in a randomised controlled trial, comparing KFMO with a waitlist control. The KFMO group showed significantly greater increases in self-compassion and in psychological well-being compared to controls, with small to medium effect sizes. Improvement in self-compassion statistically mediated the improvement in well-being observed immediately post-intervention. Treatment gains in self-compassion, but not well-being, were maintained at 6-week follow-up. The findings suggest that self-compassion can be increased in post-natal women via an accessible, low-intensity, web-based self-help programme. Study limitations include high attrition rates and poor generalisability to more diverse samples.
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Lawrence, Sharla. "The experience of parenthood in clinical psychology." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59599/.
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Being a parent is generally accepted to be a difficult but rewarding job. For those individuals who combine parenthood with an emotionally demanding career, such as clinical psychology, this experience may be magnified. Exploring the experiences of parents who also work in the field of clinical psychology offers a meaningful insight into the challenges and positive rewards inherent in managing work and family life. Chapter I consists of a narrative review of the literature exploring the issues of balancing work and family life for psychologists. The barriers apparent in the literature, as well as the positive factors for achieving effective work life balance are considered. Barriers cited in the literature include the difficulties in meeting the demands of multiple roles, the influence of gender and negative individual factors. Positive influences on achieving effective work life balance included engagement in leisure activities, positive relationships, organisational support and positive individual factors. The clinical implications of this literature are discussed. Chapter II presents an empirical study conducted with psychological therapists who work within a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) and are also mothers. Nine psychological therapists were interviewed during the research. Following the use of the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), three superordinate themes emerged from the data. The findings consider the implications of shared experience when working with parents and the dilemma of managing the multiple demands of work and family life. The sense of re-evaluation of one’s own self-concept following becoming a mother is also discussed. Clinical implications are considered alongside suggestions for future research. Chapter III offers a reflective account of the challenges inherent in undertaking doctoral level training in clinical psychology whilst raising a young family. The implications for the role of clinical psychology as a discipline are considered as well as the impact on my own personal and professional development.
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Parkinson, Patrick Newport. "Family Law and the Indissolubility of Parenthood." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18618.
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Ross, Michael Killoran. "Promoting the transition to parenthood : the effects of anticipatory guidance on the transition to parenthood among first time parents." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6896/.
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In an attempt to promote the psychological well-being of new parents during he transition to parenthood, the "Promoting Parenthood Project" was established in Ayrshire and Arran, Scotland. Models of Anticipatory Guidance (defined by three inter-related activities including the provision of factual information, the anticipation of common psychological reactions to pregnancy, birth and early parenting and the mobilisation of coping resources) were examined in a comparative outcome study based within the context of existing local NHS ante-natal education provision. Significant differences were observed among the entire sample over time which supported earlier findings reported in the transition to parenthood literature. Specifically, findings corroborated earlier evidence suggesting that new parents experience a statistically significant decline in relationship satisfaction (as defined in this study by decreasing affectional expression) and that maximal relationship dissatisfaction appears to occur within the first three post-natal months. Interestingly, although gender differences were observed on measures of individual psychological well-being, relationship-based gender differences (with women experiencing significantly greater relationship dissatisfaction/greater dissatisfaction with partner's instrumental role performance than men) were not observed. Reasons for the findings obtained in the study were explored and future research options were discussed. The study raised substantive issues for future transition to parenthood research (including issues in changing cultural understandings of gender and parenthood), mental health promotion theory (including issues in the role of mental health promotion in the context of normative life-events) and practice-based issues for Midwifery and Clinical Psychology in the current NHS. Each of these issues was considered in detail.
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Juries, Beatrice. "An exploratary study of involuntarily childless women's experience from potential parenthood to the acceptance of their non-parenthood status." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/1974.
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Magister Psychologiae - MPsych<br>We live in a society that continually reinforces the connection between femininity and maternity and for the majority of women, attempts to experience motherhood are successful. However, for others the world of motherhood is not so easy to enter. To date, research regarding the needs and life satisfaction of women who are unsuccessful in becoming mothers, is fairly limited. The purpose of this study was to explore the transitional phase women endure from potential motherhood to non-motherhood and to highlight some of the complexities underpinning infertility and its impact on the lives of women in South Africa. The main objective was to gain deeper insight into how women incorporated this experience into their lives and relationships and how they began to create a future life without their own biological children. A secondary aim of this study was to investigate whether the women viewed aspects such as age and finances as having had an effect on their decision to discontinue treatment for infertility. Feminist standpoint theory served as a theoretical framework for the study that recognized that each individual voice be heard. This study was a qualitative exploration, utilizing a short demographic questionnaire and an in-depth semi-structured interview. Five interviews were conducted with women from diverse backgrounds. These interviews were recorded; transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis of the data was conducted.<br>South Africa
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Lam, Suk-fun, and 林淑芬. "'Becoming parents' : a hospital-community partnership to enhance transition to parenthood." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/198850.
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In reality, couples face many challenges in the transition to parenthood. These challenges can hardly be imagined and are always beyond the couple expectations. In the transition process, three common difficulties that new parents encounter are postnatal depression, the decline of marital relationships and inadequate parenting competence.
This study aimed to implement and evaluate the ‘Becoming Parents’ programme for a cohort of Chinese new parents using a cluster randomized controlled trial. 138 couples were recruited to the intervention group and 150 couples to the control group. The attrition rate in intervention and control groups was around 12.3% and 3-4%, respectively, by three months post-delivery. Couples in the intervention group were invited to join the ‘Becoming Parents’ programme that consisted of two phases. Phase one consisted of three antenatal sessions which focused on enhancing their communication skills and baby caring skills. Phase two provided social support to new parents from trained volunteers for up to three months post-delivery.
The mixed linear analysis method with the intention-to-treat principle was used to evaluate the intervention effects. The couples’ postnatal depressive symptoms, marital satisfaction and parenting competence scores at three time-points, 20-24 weeks of gestation, 30-34 weeks of gestation and three months post-delivery, were collected and analyzed. After three months post-delivery, there were no intervention effects on minimizing postnatal depressive symptoms in the women (mean difference -7.51, CI -1.49 to 0.01, p=0.48) and men’s groups (mean difference -0.32, CI -0.65 to 0.58, p=0.91). There was no effect on sustaining marital satisfaction in the women’s group (mean difference 0.39, CI -1.99 to 2.77 p=0.74); however a mild effect was noted in the men’s group (mean difference -0.65 CI, -2.97 to 1.66, p=0.57) but it was not significant. There was no effect on parenting competence among either women (mean difference 1.1, CI -0.37 to 2.58, p=0.14) or men’s groups (mean difference 0.05, CI -1.42 to 1.54, p=0.93), although no significant was noted. In addition, the study found that women with no family support had a higher mean depression score (6.0, CI 1.64-10.35, p>0.5) than women cared for by four people (0.5, CI -3.86 to 4.86, p>0.5). Moreover, the mean depression score of women who were taken care of by their mothers-in-law (4.16, CI 3.44 to 4.87) was higher than those taken care by their own mothers (2.71, CI 2.15 to 3.26). In general, the couples welcomed support from volunteers.
The factors affecting the intervention may be related to the difference in the women’s employment status and the social support they received, as more women in the control group were housewives and all of them had supported by at least one caregiver in the postnatal period. However, not all women in the intervention group received social support, and the number of women supported by their mothers-in-law was higher in that group.
This is the first programme to adopt non-professional mother-volunteers to support new mothers and fathers together. Both new parents and volunteers had positive perceptions towards the programme and also expressed that the project was beneficial to them.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Nursing Studies<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Nursing
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Sisson, Gretchen. "Parenthood as Privilege: The Cultural Tensions of Acceptable Reproduction." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3151.
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Thesis advisor: Stephen Pfohl<br>Parenthood is one of the most salient, fundamental roles that adults adopt cross-culturally, yet, as this dissertation will show, the process of becoming a parent is culturally fraught with both meaning and privilege. In particular, I focus on the cultural tensions of biological parenthood, exploring what the biological relationship between parent and child means for various groups, and how the concept of biological parenthood is judged differently for those different populations. Specifically, I focus on young parents (who society deems unfit to both reproduce and to parent) and teen pregnancy prevention efforts, birthparents who relinquish infants for adoption (who society deems fit to reproduce, but unfit to parent) and the consequences for their lifecourses, and individuals experiencing infertility (who society deems fit to both reproduce and parent - but challenges their ways of achieving either) and their interactions with the biomedical model and healthcare system. From each population, we can gain more nuanced insight into the role of biology in framing parenthood, and how society determines whose parenthood is "acceptable," allowable, and supported. Finally, I draw specific recommendations from each piece, hoping to gain insight into how changes to sexual education, reproductive health advocacy, adoption policy, and the healthcare system can improve the outcomes for vulnerable, marginalized populations and legitimate the pathways to parenthood for all<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Sociology
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Engelhardt, Christina L. "Parenting as a choice motivational factors and changes couples experience during the transition to parenthood /." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002engelhardtc.pdf.
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Skippon, Rachel. "Exploring and supporting stories of resilience in parenthood." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.552840.
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This thesis reports a narrative exploration of the experiences of parenting in former looked-after children, a group of parents who may have additional needs in respect of their parenting, as a result of their childhood experiences. It begins with a narrative review that discusses the efficacy of services to support families where parents have two other types of additional needs: mental health problems and learning difficulties. Support from services for such families is often inadequate. There is evidence for the efficacy of strengths-based resilience approaches to supporting these families, and resilience-based practice would be consistent with existing policy frameworks. However the frequency with which the issue of the failure of services to meet their needs recurs, suggests efforts to tackle it have met with limited success. The literature review argues that to make further progress, resilience-based approaches should be more widely adopted in individual clinical practice. The experiences of former looked-after children, who had become parents, were explored using narrative analysis. The aim was to understand how their early experiences influenced their parenting models, and what factors in their experiences contributed to resilience in their parenting. Participants' narratives reflected rejection and abuse from biological families, and neglect of their emotional needs in care. Most found parenthood a positive experience that brought meaning to their lives. Parenting models were primarily constructed in opposition to participants' own experiences, and drew on cultural references to provide alternatives. Participants' reports of positive outcomes were related to resilience located in the individual characteristics of parents themselves, and in strong attachment relationships with their children.
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Parr, Meriel A. "Support for couples in the transition to parenthood." Thesis, University of East London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360896.
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Factors influencing adjustments in the transition to parenthood are identified and strategies for support in Britain and the USA are reviewed through participant-observation of 20 USA programmes (N=94 parents). A longitudinal British study, using a wide range of self report measures and in-depth interviews at three time points (1) examined key features of the transition to parenthood for a low risk sample of women (N=106) and men (N=106), and compared adjustments of 52 couples who participated in a new support programme with 54 couples who did not. The programme combined a group-based and home visit model which either began in pregnancy and continued postnatally, or began postnatally. The programme focused on the psychological dimensions of the transition to parenthood, with the intersubjectivity of the couple and parent-infant relationship at the core of the integrative model. Evidence is provided that the transition to parenthood is more complex than previous studies assume. A substantial number of the "low risk" women and men appeared to experience psychological distress and the main concern of women and men were different from the agenda of hospital based antenatal classes. A number of gender differences were found but partners were the main source of support for women and men. Women and men in the support group were comfortable to disclose explicit details about their experiences. At 6 months postnatally, their adjustments were more positive than women and men on the control for aspects of (a) confidence as a parent; (b) satisfaction with the couple relationship ; (c) satisfaction with the parent-infant relationship; (d) coping strategies, and (e) separation anxiety. Implications for theory, research and practice are discussed.
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Morrow, Brenda Patrice. "Parenthood motivation and attitudes toward assisted reproductive technologies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq23432.pdf.
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Meyer, Justin M. "A program evaluation of Planned Parenthood Teen Council." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2006/2006meyerj.pdf.
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Ekéus, Cecilia. "Teenage parenthood : paternal characteristics and child health outcomes /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-033-8/.
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McMillen, Brooke. "Embryo Adoption: Implications of Personhood, Marriage, and Parenthood." Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1613.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2008.<br>Department of Philosophy, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Peggy Zeglin Brand, Jason T. Eberl, Michael B. Burke. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-84).
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West, Nancy. "Becoming a parent : negotiating the practice of parenthood." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/42780/.
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The thesis aims to contribute to a natural history of family life and the study of family practices by investigating the everyday hazards encountered in routine parenting and the resources on which parents draw in helping them manage these. It seeks to understand how first-time parents manage the transition, the difficulties they encounter, including tensions in their own relationship, and the sources of enjoyment as they negotiate their new identities. This longitudinal, qualitative study followed seven heterosexual couples over the first year of their becoming parents and data was generated through the use of in-depth interviews at four points over a year. Other techniques, such as audio and photo diaries, were employed to further elicit different types of data. I explore couples’ accounts of the pressures on parenting and their understanding of what is involved in trying to meet contemporary parenting ideals. The messy business of parenting brings with it discursive and practical dilemmas – breastfeeding advice when a mother is in pain, advice on sleep routines when parents are on their knees with exhaustion. Experts (both professional and popular) can provide support, as can family and friends. But this also has the potential to undermine parents’ own expertise. My research examines the practices they use in responding to the needs of a baby and notions of the ‘right way to parent’ and asks how advice and support contribute to the development of their self confidence and identities. There are also pressures arising from contemporary discourses of the ‘good’ mother and ‘involved’ father. But rather than examining mothers and fathers in isolation, the research asks how partners together manage ideals of shared parenting
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Bergnéhr, Disa. "Timing parenthood : Independence, family and ideals of life." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, Tema Barn. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28896.
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Föreliggande arbete är en kvalitativ studie som behandlar valet att bli förälder. Det som undersöks är svenska unga vuxnas samtal kring när tiden är rätt för att bli förälder, livet som förälder kontra livet utan barn, det ideala livet, det goda föräldraskapet och en bra barndom. Studien är ett bidrag till den västerländska debatten om sjunkande födelsetal och uppskjutet barnafödande. De empiriska analyserna i arbetet är baserade på fokusgrupper med sammanlagt 35 individer mellan 24 och 39 år. Deltagarna har olika bakgrunder sett till utbildning, arbete och bostadsort. 15 var förstagångsföräldrar eller väntade sitt första barn. Resterande 20 hade inte barn. När är tiden rätt för barn? Varför har medelåldern för förstagångsföräldrar ökat? Vilka föreställningar finns kring livet som förälder jämfört med livet utan barn? Dessa var de övergripande frågorna som diskuterades i grupperna. Användandet av fokusgrupper och den diskursiva analysen visade sig vara fruktbara i studiet av ideal och föreställningar kring föräldraskap och övergången till föräldraskap. Resultatet av studien belyser komplexiteten kring valet att bli eller att vänta med att bli förälder; det visar på hur människors liv och förståelse av sig själva påverkas av många motstridiga föreställningar och ideal. Föräldraskap, familj, släktskap, vänskap, kärlek, ålder, biologi, och den oberoende individen är några av de fenomen som framstår som diskurser i fokusgruppsdeltagarnas diskussioner kring tiden för föräldraskap. Denna studie visar hur olika individer förhåller sig till olika diskurser och subjektspositioner, och hur olika individer på olika sätt löser dilemman som motstridiga ideal resulterar i. I avhandlingen undersöks och belyses diskursiva, kulturella strukturer och individers aktiva positionerande gentemot dessa.<br>The present thesis is a qualitative study of reproductive decision-making. It explores ways in which Swedish young adults talk about the timing of parenthood, the ideal life, good parenthood and the auspicious childhood. The work contributes to the debate on why fertility rates are declining and why the transition to parenthood is being postponed in the contemporary Western world. The empirical analysis is based on focus group data including in total 35 participants, between 24 and 39 years of age, with varying educational, occupational, and geographical backgrounds. The participants were new first-time parents, a few who were expecting their first child and some who were childless. The broad guiding questions of the focus group discussions were the timing of parenthood, the general postponement of parenthood, and the childless life contra life as a parent. The focus group method proved to be very useful in exploring ideas and ideals related to the timing of parenthood, as did the discourse analytical approach that was applied. The study illuminates the complexity of reproductive decision-making; it is an exploration of a range of notions and discourses that impact on people’s lives and ways of understanding the world, such as discourses on kin, family, friendship, the romantic relationship, parenthood, age, biology, and the independent, individualized individual. It is also a study of individual positioning towards different, often contradictory ideals, and individual strategies when trying to solve the pertinent dilemmas caused by contrasting notions. Thus, the study is an exploration of general, cultural discursive structures as well as of the different ways in which the subject actively draws upon them.
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Grinko, Natalia Valerianivna. "Organised per support in pregnancy and early parenthood." Thesis, ВДНЗ України "Буковинський державний медичний уніврситет", 2017. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/14085.
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Bartholomew, Mitchell Kyle. "Expectant Fathers’ Attachment Orientation and Preparation for Parenthood." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259725662.
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Moncrief, Terri M. M. D. "Single-parenthood, Psychosocial Stressors and Child Asthma Morbidity." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337102197.
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Bergnéhr, Disa. "Timing parenthood : independence, family and ideals of life /." Linköping : Department of Child Studies, Linköping University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11440.
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Fennie, Karla Mathews. "Transition to parenthood from couplehood implications for therapy /." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001fenniek.pdf.
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Alexander, Richard Pirie. "Adult attachment security and the transition to parenthood /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16334.pdf.
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Sciame, Michelle E. 1958. "Adolescent adjustment to parenthood: A cross-cultural perspective." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291864.
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This naturalistic research describes adjustment to parenthood in an ethnically diverse group of out-of-school adolescent mothers enrolled in an educational program. The process of adjustment was investigated, as well as what factors impede or enhance adjustment for these mothers. Ethnic differences were considered along with the role of the educational program. Implications for program planning are discussed. Data collection consisted of interviews, observations, a Life Events Checklist, and a review of program files. Difficult home lives and the frequency of stressful events prior to pregnancy led to a relatively easy adjustment to parenthood for these mothers. Adjustment was enhanced by support; most frequently provided by the program, partners, and families. Partners and families also were the most frequent cause of difficulties that impeded adjustment. The major differences between ethnic groups were in family structure and support systems. The educational program served as a major source of relational support for these mothers.
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Smith, Kelli K. "Adolescent Religion and Parenthood Outcomes in Young Adulthood." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2367.
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A multitude of research exists examining the relationship between religion and early marriage, yet little research has focused on the relationship between religion and early childbearing. Even less has examined the influence of adolescent religion on early parenthood. Using data from the National Study of Youth and Religion, I examined the relationship between religion in adolescence and parenthood outcomes in early adulthood. I focus on how religiosity in adolescence shapes whether an individual is more or less likely to be sexually active, become pregnant, and/or have and keep a child. Results suggest that those who are religious in adolescence are less likely to have children early because of the postponement of sexual debut.
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Amanze, Stanley Otitoaja. "Technologised Parenthood: An Ethical Implacation of Human Reproductive Cloning." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2916.
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<p>Science and technology has been the bedrock of human growth and dynamism. Man has over the years distinguished his existence from all other beings by his ability to champion and fashion his existence. Among his tools is biotechnology which actually attenuates the fears of aging and death.</p><p>Human reproductive cloning stands out as one of the means through which biotechnology plans to achieve this perfect existence for man. Technological advancements in the field of biotechnology are now in the threshold of human procreation.</p><p>Human reproductive cloning is seen as an assisted method of reproduction which creates a newborn that is genetically identical to another human being.Human reproductive cloning as a technology and as a means of reproduction is not without its pros and cons. In as much as the technology promises to mention but a few, hope for the infertile couples and single parents, as well as the hope of reproduction without passing on hereditary diseases; it at the same time beeps some flashes of worry. Hence, the inherent threat to the notion of parenthood which does not smack of compromise, coupled with other ethical implications are reasons one may proffer not to have this technology.</p><p>Technologised parenthood stands out as an implication of human reproductive cloning and as such it considers issues in human sexuality i.e. the place of human sexuality in reproduction and then the nature of the family which is the playground of human existence. This thesis focuses on this implication of human reproductive cloning while making a critical exposition of the concept of human reproductive cloning.</p>
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Yasumoto, Saori. "Culture, Cognition, and Parenthood in Japanese and American Homes." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/sociology_diss/52.
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Previous family researchers have found that parents who share different demographic backgrounds construct unique parenting styles and beliefs. Although such studies contribute to understanding how parenthood is socially constructed, the information about how parents internalize cultural information and everyday experiences to raise children is missing in the extant literature. To fully comprehend the social construction of parenthood, the linkage between the mind and the behavior of parents within specific social structures needed to be studied. I thus conducted conjoint interviews with 24 Japanese couples and 24 American couples who were raising four-to-six year old daughters and sons to examine how culture and cognition produce parental philosophies and family relationships. By using cognitive sociology as a theoretical framework and grounded theory methods as a mode of analysis, I found that the parents’ construction of parenting beliefs and practices basically depended on how they thought about four analytically distinct relationships: (1) their relationship to their parents; (2) their relationship to their children; (3) their relationship to their marital partner; and (4) their relationship to other people in society. Although fathers and mothers in Japan and the United States talked in general about these four aspects, in the process of doing so they offered unique views on each aspect. Japanese parents tended to view their parents as role models, believe that children and parents teach and learn from each other, consider gender ideology to be the foundation of parental partnership, and rank understanding others' feelings as the most important skill for children. Thus, their parenting philosophies were manufactured through reciprocal relationships with other people. In contrast, American parents tended to want to become better parents than their own parents, prefer to influence and control their children’s lives, consider equality to be the foundation of their parental partnership, and encourage their children to become independent. Therefore, their parenting philosophies were manufactured through self motivation. Through the cross-national comparisons of parents’ cognitive processes, I also discuss: the levels of parental expectations and pressures; the issues around the gender relations within a family; and the roles of international parenting books in a globalizing world.
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Shafiei, Mehrnoush. "Conceiving Iran's future: youth and the transition to parenthood." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106310.
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Since the publication of images of Iranian students' raised angry fists storming the American embassy in 1979, the idea of Iranian youth has captured the world's imagination and has been a source of puzzlement. The children of the Iranian revolution are today old enough to have their own children. Thus, one unique and original window from which to study Iranian youth is to investigate as they undergo the significant transition from youth to parenthood. This study will be in conversation with three expecting Montreal-based Iranian couples who fall in the cohort known as "the fruit of Iran's revolution;" in other words, youth that have lived entirely under the post revolutionary regime. I will examine parenting as an imagined projection and investigate ways in which my interlocutors envision their life as a first time parent. I suggest that the institution of parenting, with its focal point in society, presents a suitable framework for disentangling the complex and elusive understanding of Iranian youth.<br>Depuis la publication en 1979 d'images d'étudiants iraniens, en colère et les poings levés, attaquant l'ambassade américaine, la jeunesse iranienne est devenue un sujet captivant dans l'imaginaire et une source d'incertitude pour bon nombre de gens à travers le monde. Aujourd'hui, « les enfants de la révolution iranienne » sont assez âgés pour avoir leurs propres enfants. Par conséquent, un moyen unique et original d'étudier ce groupe est d'examiner sa transition de la jeunesse vers la parentalité. Cette étude se fera par le biais de conversations avec trois couples iraniens résidant à Montréal qui seront bientôt parents et qui tombent dans cette cohorte communément connue comme «le fruit de la révolution iranienne », en d'autres mots, ces jeunes qui ont vécu toute leur vie sous le régime postrévolutionnaire. Je regarderai la parentalité en tant que projection imaginaire et étudierai comment mes interlocuteurs envisagent de mener leurs nouvelles vies de parents. Je propose de regarder la parentalité, avec la société comme toile de fond, comme un cadre adéquat pour mieux saisir la jeunesse iranienne, sujet complexe et souvent insaisissable.
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Ko, Lau Po-chee Grace, and 高劉寶慈. "Adoptive parenthood in Hong Kong: profile, stresses and coping." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31237149.
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Gozu, Hisae. "College students' perception of parenthood : predictors of parenting attributions." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1087.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.<br>Bachelors<br>Sciences<br>Psychology
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Kerstis, Birgitta. "Depressive Symptoms among Mothers and Fathers in Early Parenthood." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-237060.
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Aims: The overall aims were to study depressive symptoms among mothers and fathers in early parenthood and how depressive symptoms are related to dyadic consensus (DCS), sense of coherence (SOC), perceiving of the child temperament, separation within the couple and bonding to the infant. Methods: Study I-III was based on the BiT-study, a longitudinal project where 393 couples answered 3 questionnaires including instruments measuring DCS at one week after childbirth, depressive symptoms at 3 months and parental stress at 18 months after childbirth. Study IV was based on the UPPSAT-study, a population based cohort project, where 727 couples answered questionnaires measuring depressive symptoms at 6 weeks and 6 months after childbirth, and impaired bonding at 6 months after childbirth. Results: In the BiT-study, 17.7% of the mothers and 8.7% of the fathers scored depressive symptoms at 3 months after childbirth, using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) cut-off of ≥10. There was an association between depressive symptoms and less consensus (DCS), and the parents partly differed regarding which areas of their relationship they perceived that they disagreed about. Parents with depressive symptoms had a poorer SOC and perceived their child as more difficult than parents without depressive symptoms. Among the couples, 20% were separated 6-8 years after childbirth. Separation was associated with less dyadic consensus, more depressive symptoms and parental stress. In the UPPSAT-study, 15.3% of the mothers and 5.1% of the fathers scored depressive symptoms 6 weeks after childbirth, using the EPDS cut-off of ≥10. Further, there was an association between impaired bonding at 6 months and the parents’ depressive symptoms, as well as experience of deteriorated relationship with the spouse. Conclusions and clinical implications: Health professionals need the knowledge that depressive symptoms are common in both mother and fathers in early parenthood. It is also important to understand how depressive symptoms are associated to dyadic consensus, SOC, separation and impaired bonding in order to optimize conditions for the whole family. This knowledge is also important for the public, so those who are pregnant and new parents as well as the society are aware that there might be problems in early parenthood as depressive symptoms.
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Horsey, Kirsty. "Legally recognising intention : parenthood in surrogacy and assisted conception." Thesis, University of Kent, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274367.
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Doostgharin, Taghi. "The emotional dimensions of lone parenthood (an exploratory study)." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361167.
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Goodenough, Trudy A. "Midwives and mothers' perceptions of the transition to parenthood." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357090.
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