Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Parents of narcotic addicts'

ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to explore the impact of treatment on male addicts who attend Narcotic Anonymous (NA) meeting between the ages of 45 to 60 years that have been free from drug addiction without relapse in 10 years. The interest is to really understand how the addicts have been impacted and what factors have contributed to their being able to remain free from drug abuse without relapse. The research is a qualitative study. Semi structured interviews based on interview guide that are made up of six open ended questions was used to generate information (Primary data) from eight interviewees. The data generated was analyzed using qualitative content analysis in hermeneutic perspective. Also, Maslow’s need hierarchy theory and early research was used to analyze the data that were generated. It was found that the former addicts experienced improvement in their psychological health identity and social situation. Furthermore, they were impacted by different treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy, environmental therapy and the NA 12-step program. The findings of the study also indicates that the interviewees gained job, education and driving license because of the drug abuse treatment they have undergone. In addition, having a partner, stable family and regular attendance of NA meeting have helped the interviewees to remain free from drug use in 10 years. Furthermore, from the findings, improved psychological health, improved changes in identity and social situation are themes found from the coding and categorization from qualitative content analysis method. The main theme found is getting new ways of gaining control of addiction in relation to improved psychological health, improved changes in identity and improved social situation.

This thesis explored the effect of cocaine use on treatment outcomes for heroin dependent individuals in Sydney, Australia. A naturalistic, longitudinal design was employed in order to examine the effects of cocaine on outcomes over a two year period. Study 1 assessed the prevalence and correlates of cocaine use among heroin dependent individuals. Cocaine use was found to be common among entrants to all three of the major treatment modalities in NSW. Heroin users who also used cocaine (CU) displayed a poorer clinical profile at baseline than non-cocaine users (NCU), reporting higher levels of drug use and dependence, and a greater prevalence of needle risk-taking and criminal behaviour. Study 2 examined outcomes three months post-study entry. CU and NCU were found to have been equally well retained in treatment. Despite significantly reduced levels of cocaine use amongst the cohort, however, CU continued to display the higher levels of drug-related harm that characterized them at baseline. In order to determine whether cocaine use itself was responsible for the greater levels of harm observed amongst CU, or whether instead CU were an inherently more dysfunctional group for whom cocaine use merely served as a marker, comparisons were made within groups on the basis of cocaine use patterns over the study period. The results of these analyses demonstrated that commencing cocaine use resulted in a clear decline in functioning, whereas cessation resulted in corresponding improvements. In Study 3 outcomes were examined twelve months post-study. Baseline cocaine use was again found to predict poorer outcome, despite a large scale reduction in cocaine use amongst the cohort. Importantly, CU were significantly less likely than NCU to be abstinent from heroin at twelve months and more likely to have been incarcerated since study entry. In addition, the effect of persistence of cocaine use was examined. Results indicated that the harms associated with cocaine use increased with increasing persistence of use. Outcomes at two years post-study entry were explored in Study 4. At this time CU and NCU recorded similar outcomes in most domains. Thus, it appeared that the harms caused by cocaine use may take a substantial period of time to diminish. Patterns of cocaine use and motivations for cessation and commencement were also examined. Responses suggested that cocaine use amongst the cohort was largely opportunistic, with participants ceasing use for a variety of reasons, including the financial and psychological problems caused by cocaine use. Past year prevalence of cocaine dependence was measured in this study, with the majority of those who had used cocaine in the past year meeting criteria for dependence. In Study 5, generalized estimating equations were used to measure the effect of baseline cocaine use on major outcome variables over the entire two year study period. Even after controlling for treatment variables, heroin use and other baseline polydrug use, the results of this study confirmed previous findings within the thesis by demonstrating the negative effect of baseline cocaine use on most outcome variables. Evidently, cocaine use among dependent heroin users has serious, long lasting, consequences. To date, however, there has been a stark lack of research examining the effect of cocaine use on treatment outcomes for heroin dependence. To that end, the results of this thesis are encouraging, suggesting that treatment for heroin dependence may also aid in reducing cocaine use among this group.

Titled "Children of Addicted Parents", the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a psycho-educational group intervention for latency age children of alcoholics. The treatment group consisted of eleven children between the ages of eight and twelve, who have lived or who are living with an alcoholic parent or stepparent. Referrals were obtained from elementary school guidance counsellors, Family Service Agencies, Alcohol and Drug Programs and the Ministry of Social Services and Housing. The children and three therapists met one hour a week for nine weeks. The group's dual objectives include educating the children about alcoholism/drug addiction and its effect on the family as well as enhancing the childrens' inherent strengths by teaching strategies to increase self-esteem, problem solving and other coping skills. The program's objectives were carried out through brief lectures, discussion, film, art and therapeutic games. The treatment model has been evaluated using a quasi-experimental design. There was a significant change in the intensity of behaviour problems with a trend for a decrease in the number of problems, as well as a decrease in depression. In addition there was a tendency for an increase in self-esteem.
Arts, Faculty of
Social Work, School of
Graduate

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur man som förälder påverkas av att ha ett barn som missbrukar narkotika, vilket stöd föräldrarna har fått från olika instanser de har kommit i kontakt med i samband med barnets missbruk samt vad som skulle utgöra det optimala stödet enligt föräldrarna. Med studiens syfte som utgångspunkt valdes en kvalitativ forskningsansats och insamling av empiriskt material skedde genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Tidigare forskning inom området är tydligt begränsad, dock visar forskning som finns att stöd till anhöriga är ett eftersatt område. Studiens resultat visar att föräldrarnas vardagsliv har påverkats dramatiskt då barnets missbruk har fört med sig negativa konsekvenser både praktiskt, ekonomiskt, känslomässigt och socialt. Resultatet visar på en brist av stöd från framförallt socialtjänsten. Enligt föräldrarna kan det optimala stödet utgöras av tidiga insatser, samverkan mellan de instanser de kommer i kontakt med i samband med barnets missbruk samt att få träffa andra föräldrar med liknande erfarenheter.

This study aims to examine how parents are effected by having a child addicted to drugs, what support have the parents received from instances they been in contact with regarding the child's addiction and what constitutes the best kind of support according to the parents. Based on the aim of the study a qualitative research approach was chosen and collection of the empirical data was made through semi-structured interviews. Previous research on the area has shown an obvious limitation. Existing research confirm however that support for dependants is a neglected area. The result of the study show that the everyday life for the parents has been dramatically affected as the drug addiction of the children has lead to negative consequences in terms of practical, economical, emotional and social areas. The result also shows a lack of support, mainly from the social services. According to the parents the best support can be obtained by early interventions, cooperation between the instances in current contact for the parents in connection with the child's drug abuse and the opportunity to meet parents with similar experiences as themselves.

VG

Using both qualitative and quantitative research designs, this study focused on the knowledge of Children Protective Services (CPS) social workers for identifying Alcohol and Other Drugs (AOD) risk factors in their clients, and the impact that these AOD issues have on the child welfare system in San Bernardino County, California.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This study aims to assess the Nar-Anon anonymous mutual-aid family groups of drug addicts based on reviews from interviewees experiences with members of this brotherhood in the city of São Paulo. What values are incorporated by its members? How do such groups achieve their primary goal of providing support to addicts’ family members? This research was conducted based on the use of semi-structured interviews as well as a bibliographic study on the structure of these groups, an ethnographic analysis on the experience within the Nar-Anon groups considering the material collected through the interviews alongside the researcher's own experience over eight years of attendance in two rooms of the brotherhood in the city, between 2008 and 2016.Therefore, emphasis is placed on the sense attributed by the group to recovery and spirituality for the construction of a new way of live coexisting with the chemical dependency syndrome. The approach adopted here will be that of Magnani, for whom looking close up and within (2002) allows one the apprehension of behaviors and meanings, for that matter, turning to a look from outside and from a distance for a broadened understanding of these groups as a totality. Authors like Foucault, Le Breton, Goffman, Novaes, and Campbell provide a critical view on the collected material
Este projeto tem por objetivo investigar os grupos anônimos de mutua ajuda para familiares de dependentes químicos – Nar-Anon, a partir de análises de vivências experimentadas por entrevistados junto a frequentadores da irmandade na cidade de São Paulo. Que valores são incorporados por seus membros? De que forma conseguem tais grupos praticar seu objetivo primordial que é o de prestar ajuda a familiares de dependentes químicos? Esta pesquisa optou por entrevistas semi-estruturadas bem como de um estudo bibliográfico sobre a estrutura desses grupos, uma análise etnográfica sobre a vivência dentro dos grupos de Nar-Anon a partir do material coletado através das entrevistas bem como da experiência da própria pesquisadora ao longo de oito anos de participação em duas salas da irmandade na cidade, entre 2008 e 2016. Assim, busca-se ênfase no sentido, atribuído pelo grupo, à recuperação e espiritualidade para a construção de uma nova maneira de viver dentro da convivência com a síndrome da dependência química. A perspectiva adotada será a de Magnani, para quem o olhar de perto de dentro (2002), permite a apreensão de comportamentos e significados, para aí sim, se passar a um olhar de fora e de longe para a compreensão destes grupos enquanto totalidade. Autores Como Foucault, Le Breton, Goffman, Novaes e Campbell propiciam um olhar crítico sobre o material coletado

This study uses a qualitative research design to examine the skills and knowledge that both CPS (Child Protective Service) workers and Foster Care Professionals have regarding AOD (Alcohol and Other Drug) issues. It includes information on professionals' perceptions of whether or not more education in this area is needed, and the impact that these AOD issues are having upon the child welfare / foster care systems.

This study examined an important, yet underreported, area of family service agency assessments, the failure to adequately screen for substance abuse issues. A self-report screening instrument was used to accurately determine substance abuse frequency rates, instead of using the current clinician-directed questioning. New agency clients were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (self-report) or the control group (clinician-directed) to determine if assessment accuracy improved.

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between drugs of choice that family members abused and the non-addicted family member's levels of self-disclosure, self-disclosure avoidance, and trust.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral cartografar a experiência de usuários de crack no município de Recife. Este estudo foi desenvolvid o nos CAPSad e Instituto RAID. Os entrevistados foram usuários de crack do sexo masculino e feminino, com idade a partir dos 18 anos, que estavam em tratamento em decorrência desta substância nas instituições acima citadas durante a coleta de dados. Em cada CAPSad, foi entrevistado um usuário de crack indicado pela equipe técnica que tivesse uma boa organização nas ideias para descrever a sua experiência com o crack, e que se disponibilizou a contribuir com a pesquisa através de entrevista semi-estruturadas. No Instituto RAID foram entrevistados seis usuários escolhidos pelos mesmos critérios. A pesquisa desenvolvida foi qualitativa de inspiração fenomenológica pautada no pensamento de Husserl e no método proposto por A. Giorgi. Este método inclui, basicamente, os seguintes passos: O sentido do todo, a partir da leitura do depoimento do sujeito; Discriminação do depoimento em Unidades de Significados; Compreensão psicológica de cada Unidade de Significado; Síntese de cada depoimento expressa como estrutura da experiência; e a Composição de uma síntese geral que apresenta a essência do fenômeno para todos os sujeitos investigados. A identificação dessas Unidades de Significado nas experiências dos usuários apontou aspectos diversos sobre o tema tais como: A experiência de ser dependente do crack; o que levou os usuários a consumirem essa substância; qual o significado do crack na vida desses usuários; quais as sensações vividas no consumo desta droga; o prazer da morte pela pedra; a culpa sentida por ceder à compulsão; as perdas diante da pedra; a família como fator importante na busca por um tratamento; o crack e a violência; as dificuldades e sucessos no tratamento; o estigma do usuário de crack e o descontrole vivenciado por alguns usuários. Diante da complexidade das questões trazidas nas experiências dos usuários entrevistados, grandes desafios estão postos para as equipes que trabalham no tratamento dos usuários de crack. Torna-se fundamental uma reflexão contínua sobre essa prática
This research had as its main aim to portrait crack-cocaine users experience in the city of Recife. Subjects were crack-cocaine users, males and females, from 18 years old, undertaking treatment at drug addiction health services in Recife (CAPSad and Instituto RAID) during data collection. One subject from each CAPSad (06 in a whole) was interviewed and 06 subjects from Instituto RAID were interviewed. All designated by the health professional teams and with organized thoughts to describe their crack-cocaine use experiences, as well as with willingness to respond to a semi-structured interview. The research was qualitative with phenomenological background inspired by Husserls theory and Giorgis method. Basically, this method includes these steps: 1) reading the entire description of one subject in order to get a sense of the whole; 2) reading through the data a second time and marking those places in the description where a transition in meaning occurred from a psychological perspective (the meanings between transitions are called meaning units); 3) reading all of the meaning units and interrogating them from what they reveal about the phenomenon of interest, in this case, the crack-cocaine use experience, in order to grasp the relevance of the subjects own words for the phenomenon of using crack-cocaine in as direct a manner as possible (this step is called the transformation of the subjects lived experience into direct psychological expression); 4) presenting a situated or general structure of the experience (synthesis of each report expressed as structure of experience); and, 5) comprehending the general synthesis which represents the essence of the phenomenon to all subjects investigated. The identification of crack-cocaine users experience in meaning units pointed out to several themes such as: the experience of being a crack-cocaine user; what took them to use this drug; the meaning of crack-cocaine in their lives; crack-cocaine use sensations; crack-cocaine death pleasure; compulsion guiltiness; losses related to the drug; family as an important factor to seek treatment; crack-cocaine and violence; treatment challenges; crack-cocaine use stigma; and, loss of control experienced by users. These complex issues expressed by research subjects set great challenges to health professional teams treating crack-cocaine users and draw attention to the need of permanent reflection of their practices

O consumo de crack tem se constituído numa problemática de saúde pública pelas diversas consequências individuais, familiares e sociais que provoca. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a relação entre a perspectiva de suporte familiar de usuários de crack, de familiares e de técnicos sociais do Programa ATITUDE, analisando as possíveis implicações dessas percepções na assistência aos usuários e seus familiares. Optou-se por desenvolver a dissertação na modalidade artigos. No primeiro artigo, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa baseada em 23 artigos pesquisados nas bases de dados BVS, Scielo Periódicos e ScienceDirect, no intuito de avaliar as contribuições dos estudos às estratégias públicas de enfrentamento ao crack. Os critérios adotados para a seleção dos artigos foram: 1) artigos sobre "crack e políticas públicas", publicados nos últimos cinco anos e, 2) estudos com a população ou sobre a política pública brasileira. Como resultado foram incluídos nove artigos epidemiológicos, três sobre clinica das drogas, três sobre contextos de uso e violência, sete sobre representação social e mídia e um sobre família. Aspectos como mudança na assistência comunitária, políticas intersetoriais, vigilância e controle epidemiológicos, melhor integração entre os organismos que trabalham para a redução da demanda e aumento de pesquisas clínicas, foram ressaltados como importantes para a proposição de políticas públicas. O segundo artigo vem atender ao objetivo principal do estudo, sendo realizado com 62 participantes. Inicialmente foi aplicado em 46 usuários de crack, vinculados ao Programa ATITUDE, o Inventário de Percepção de Suporte Familiar (ISPF), que apresentou uma elevada consistência interna (α=0,88). Na segunda fase, foi realizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada com oito usuários selecionados entre os 46 iniciais, quatro familiares e 12 técnicos sociais do programa. A média de idade desses usuários foi de 30 anos (DP=6,98), cujo perfil sociodemográfico remete a usuários, em sua maioria: não casados (78,3%), que residiam sozinhos (52,2%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (63%), advindos de famílias sem convivência entre os pais (65,2%) e que responderam ao IPSF com referência à família de origem (87%). Foram encontradas correlações significativas entre morar sozinho e ter uma baixa percepção de suporte familiar (r=0,324; p=0,05). A análise por fator, também evidenciou uma correlação significativa entre o Fator 1 (afetivo-consistente) e tipo de família (r=0,460; p=0,01) e com quem reside (r=0,309; p=0,05). Na etapa qualitativa, foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo temática, revelando-se, em linhas gerais, quatro temáticas principais para usuários e familiares, quais sejam: influência familiar, relacionamento familiar, lidar com problemas e expressão de sentimento. Para os técnicos, foram identificadas outras quatro temáticas: contribuição familiar, atividades terapêuticas, abordagem à família e relato de experiência. A predominância da percepção de um baixo suporte familiar (t (44) = -4,428; p<0,05), evidenciada na análise quantitativa, foi consoante com a fala dos demais participantes durante a entrevista. Em consonância com a literatura, neste estudo também se constatou a predominância do apoio materno e a influência dos pares se sobrepondo à da família na relação dos usuários com o crack. Discute-se, à luz da Teoria Social Cognitiva, a influência que a autoeficácia familiar e a modelação social exercem sobre o consumo de substâncias. Essa reflexão nos revela a importância de se efetivar uma proposição já contemplada na Política Nacional de Assistência Social, que remete a um olhar mais sistêmico sobre a questão do consumo do crack, contemplando tanto as necessidades do usuário como de seus familiares. Acredita-se que os paradigmas poderão ser aprimorados no sentido de favorecer novos modelos de políticas na atenção aos usuários de drogas, em especial de crack.
Crack usage has constituted a public health problem by the various individual, family and social consequences it causes. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between family support perspective of crack users, family and social technicians from the ATTITUDE program, analyzing the possible implications of these perceptions on the assistance for users and their families. We chose to develop the thesis in the format of articles. In the first article, we reviewed narratives based on 23 articles surveyed in the VHL databases Scielo Journals and Science Direct, in order to assess the contributions of these studies to public coping strategies with crack. The criteria adopted for the selection of items were: 1) articles on "crack and public policy," published in the last five years, and 2) studies with the population or on the Brazilian public policy. As a result, it was included nine epidemiological articles, three on clinical drug, three on contexts of use and violence, seven on social representation and media and one about family. Aspects such as change in Community assistance, intersectional policies, surveillance and epidemiological control, better integration between organizations working to reduce demand and increase in clinical research, were highlighted as important in proposing public policies. The second article is an answer to the main objective of the study, being conducted with 62 participants. Initially, it was applied to 46 crack users, linked to the Program ATTITUDE. Inventory of Family Support Perception (ISPF), which showed a high internal consistency (α = 0.88). In the second phase, a semi-structured interview with eight selected users was conducted between the 46 initial four families and 12 social workers program. The average age of these users was 30 years (SD = 6.98), whose socio-demographic profile refers to users, mostly: not married (78.3%), who lived alone (52.2%), with incomplete primary education (63%) coming from families without coexistence between parents (65.2%) who responded to the IPSF with reference to the family of origin (87%). Significant correlations were found between living alone and having a low perception of family support (r = 0.324; p = 0.05). The factor analysis also showed a significant correlation between Factor 1 (affective-consistent), and family (r = 0.460; p = 0.01) and with whom resides (r = 0.309; p = 0.05). In the qualitative stage, a content analysis was performed, revealing themselves, in general, four main themes for users and families, such as: family influence, family relationships, dealing with problems and expression of feelings. For technicians, four other themes were identified: family contribution, therapeutic activities, approach to family and experience report. The predominance of the perception of a low family support (t (44) = -4.428, p <0.05), as evidenced in the quantitative analysis, was consonant with the speech of the other participants during the interview. In line with the literature, this study also found the prevalence of maternal support and peer influence overlapping the familys as observed in the link of users with crack. It is argued in the light of Social Cognitive Theory, the influence family self-efficacy and social modeling have on substance use. This reflection reveals the importance of executing a proposition already included in the National Policy for Social Assistance, which refers to a more systemic view on the issue of crack consumption, covering both user needs and their families. It is believed that the paradigms can be improved in order to encourage new policy models in the care of drug users, especially crack.

In South Africa today, the numbers of drug-dependent adolescents are increasing at alarming rates. These adolescents require rehabilitation. The numbers of institutions that offer drug rehabilitation services are also growing exponentially. However, the programs followed by the institutions are wide ranging in nature and are not controlled by government or a professional body. Although these institutions claim individual successes, their success rates – especially in regard of adolescents – is highly subjective and suspect. The discipline of educational psychology is uniquely capable of setting objective criteria to which all programs for drug-dependent adolescents should comply. Educational psychology emphasizes two important aspects of human development: The educational and the psychological. Moreover, it gives considerable weight to the adolescent’s participation in her own development. The uncontrolled use of dependence-forming substances by adolescents negatively influences every level of their physical, emotional, cognitive, psychological and social development. To facilitate their growth to responsible adulthood, specialized treatment is required to address specific adolescent developmental tasks and needs. It has become imperative that the programs offered to adolescents in South Africa be analysed and examined critically in order to determine whether they comply with the dictates of a responsible educational-psychological approach. It is against this background that a research study was undertaken to investigate the current position of drug rehabilitation programs for adolescents offered by centres and clinics in South Africa. The aim of this study was to determine and describe educational-psychological criteria to evaluate the suitability of current programs that are offered to drug dependent adolescents in this country. A theoretical framework was developed by an extensive literary research. This framework formed the foundation of an empirical study. The initial stage of the empirical study – the identification of drug rehabilitation centres and clinics that offer in-patient treatment for adolescents – was hampered by the lack of government involvement in the registration and monitoring of such centres and clinics and the programs they offer. No database containing information on drug use, drug misuse and drug dependence, as well as places and methods of rehabilitation, exists. Identified institutions were contacted and requested to participate in this research. Several refused. The centres and clinics that were willing to assist and offered unique programs, were visited. In several instances one centre was visited and described as representative of several centres or clinics that offer programs based on a similar approach. Documentation regarding drug rehabilitation programs were perused. Interviews with adolescents – whose parents had given permission for their participation – and with available parents and staff were recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions were qualitatively analysed. Educational-psychological criteria that address the specific development needs of adolescents were identified. This research found that although some programs address some minor educationalpsychological aspects of the adolescent’s substance problem, not one of the in-patient programs addressed the problem holistically by emphasizing the development and needs of these adolescents. The effect of these programs on the educationalpsychological development of adolescents moving towards responsible adulthood, must be questioned. The educational-psychological criteria – as set out in this research study – should be applied to in-patient drug rehabilitation programs for adolescents in South Africa to increase the quality and success of the said programs. Through such an approach, adolescents are valued as individuals who have to complete general developmental tasks successfully to arrive at a responsible and meaningful adulthood.
Prof. J.C. Kok

M.Cur. (Psychiatric Nursing)
In local communities, young people use different substances for reasons known to them alone. This research study is about young people who are aged between 18 and 30 years, who smoke cannabis and are mentally ill. Mostly the parents of these young people, as well as other members of the family, the neighbours and the community at large experience many challenges resulting from cannabis smoking. The objectives of this study were to explore and describe the experiences of parents living with mental health care users smoking cannabis and to issue guidelines for the advanced psychiatric nurse practitioner to facilitate the mental health of parents living with mental health care users smoking cannabis in the context under study. A qualitative research design that was exploratory, descriptive and contextual was followed to achieve the aim and objectives of the study. Purposive sampling was used for sample selection based on inclusion criteria. The number of participants selected for this study was guided by data saturation. The total number of participants selected for this study was seven. The data collection methods used were phenomenological interviews, observation and field notes. In the phenomenological interview, the participant was asked: “How is it for you living with a mental health care user smoking cannabis?” The phenomenological interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. The researcher and an independent coder analysed the transcribed phenomenological interviews and field notes. The researcher used Tesch’s method of data analysis (Creswell, 2007:157) in analysing the data. The measures to ensure trustworthiness in this study include credibility, dependability, confirmability, transferability and authenticity. The seven ethical principles of competence of the researcher, right to self-determination, right to privacy, right to autonomy and confidentiality, right to protection from exploitation and obtaining informed consent guided this study ...

Chemical substance abuse is a major problem affecting young people of all races, in particular teenagers, not only in South Africa but globally as well. Although this phenomenon continues to be a serious condition that impacts on teenagers’ growth, learning and relationships with their parents, there is limited knowledge-based research on the experiences, challenges and coping strategies of parents living with teenagers abusing chemical substances. A qualitative research approach was employed to explore, describe and contextualize the experiences, challenges and coping strategies of parents living with teenagers abusing chemical substances in Ramotse, Hammanskraal in Gauteng Province. The researcher used purposive and snowball sampling methods to draw the sample. Data was collected through the semi-structured interviews and analysed using Tesch’s eight steps (Creswell, 2009). Data was verified against four criteria developed by Guba and Lincoln’s model to test the trustworthiness of a qualitative research study. The ethical considerations adhered to throughout this study were informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality, debriefing of participants and management of information. The findings confirm that there is lack of support for parents living with teenagers abusing chemical substance. From the findings, recommendations for policy, education, practice and future research were made. The results were disseminated by means of a written research report to management of SANCA and the participants.
Social Work
M. A. (Social Work)

The proposed research aims to explore and describe the experiences, challenges and coping strategies of fathers, parenting children, abusing illegal substances. The use and abuse of illegal substances became national and global dilemmas. The impact and damage caused when drugs are widely used over time is irreversible, as it influences the lives of users and those of their families, their communities, and the country. This research provides an opportunity for fathers, parenting children, abusing illegal substances to share their experiences and challenges. Data are collected by conducting in-depth and face-toface interviews with the participants. The collected data are analysed by following the eight steps of Tesch in Creswell (2009:186). Data are analysed using Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness of qualitative research for validation. The study endeavours to obtain an understanding of the experiences and challenges encountered by fathers, parenting children, abusing illegal substances and how social workers could assist in addressing this dilemma.
Social Work
M.A. (Social Work)