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Journal articles on the topic 'Parkinson's disease, biomarkers, treatment'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Pilipovich, A. A., V. L. Golubev, Al B. Danilov, and R. R. Tyutina. "Role of biometals in pathogenesis treatment of Parkinson's disease (overview)." Medical alphabet, no. 1 (June 11, 2020): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2020-1-21-27.

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The role of exogenous factors in the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases has been shown in many works: on the effects of radiation, neurotoxicants, pesticides and other organic and inorganic substances. One of the interesting and promising areas for studying the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration is the analysis of the composition and ratio of trace elements in various tissues and organs of a person. The influence of trace elements on the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosi

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Svenningsson, Per, Eric Westman, Clive Ballard, and Dag Aarsland. "Cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease: diagnosis, biomarkers, and treatment." Lancet Neurology 11, no. 8 (2012): 697–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70152-7.

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3

Raghunathan, Rekha, Kathleen Turajane, and Li Chin Wong. "Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Proteomics Spotlight on ALS and Parkinson’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 16 (2022): 9299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169299.

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Neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are both characterized by pathogenic protein aggregates that correlate with the progressive degeneration of neurons and the loss of behavioral functions. Both diseases lack biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment efficacy. Proteomics is an unbiased quantitative tool capable of the high throughput quantitation of thousands of proteins from minimal sample volumes. We review recent proteomic studies in human tissues, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and exosomes in ALS and PD that identify protein

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Frutos, Laura López de, Francisco Almeida, Jessica Murillo-Saich, et al. "Serum Phospholipid Profile Changes in Gaucher Disease and Parkinson’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18 (2022): 10387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810387.

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Alterations in the levels of serum sphingolipids and phospholipids have been reported in Gaucher disease and in Parkinson’s disease, suggesting a potential role of these lipids as biomarkers. This project’s objective is to detect novel associations and novel candidate biomarkers in the largest Spanish Gaucher and Parkinson diseases of the Iberian Peninsula. For that, 278 participants were included: 100 sporadic Parkinson’s patients, 70 Gaucher patients, 15 GBA1-mutation-carrier Parkinson’s patients and 93 controls. A serum lipidomics array including 10 phospholipid groups, 368 species, was per

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Polissidis, Alexia, Lilian Petropoulou-Vathi, Modestos Nakos-Bimpos, and Hardy J. Rideout. "The Future of Targeted Gene-Based Treatment Strategies and Biomarkers in Parkinson’s Disease." Biomolecules 10, no. 6 (2020): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10060912.

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Biomarkers and disease-modifying therapies are both urgent unmet medical needs in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and must be developed concurrently because of their interdependent relationship: biomarkers for the early detection of disease (i.e., prior to overt neurodegeneration) are necessary in order for patients to receive maximal therapeutic benefit and vice versa; disease-modifying therapies must become available for patients whose potential for disease diagnosis and prognosis can be predicted with biomarkers. This review provides an overview of the milestones achieved to date

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Russillo, Maria Claudia, Valentina Andreozzi, Roberto Erro, et al. "Sex Differences in Parkinson’s Disease: From Bench to Bedside." Brain Sciences 12, no. 7 (2022): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12070917.

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Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease and gender differences have been described on several aspects of PD. In the present commentary, we aimed to collect and discuss the currently available evidence on gender differences in PD regarding biomarkers, genetic factors, motor and non-motor symptoms, therapeutic management (including pharmacological and surgical treatment) as well as preclinical studies. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed by searching the Pubmed and Scopus databases with the search strin

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Redenšek, Sara, and Vita Dolžan. "The role of pharmacogenomics in the personalization of Parkinson's disease treatment." Pharmacogenomics 21, no. 14 (2020): 1033–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2020-0031.

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Parkinson's disease (PD)-related phenotypes can vary among patients substantially, including response to dopaminergic treatment in terms of efficacy and occurrence of adverse events. Many pharmacogenetic studies have already been conducted to find genetic markers of response to dopaminergic treatment. Integration of genetic and clinical data has already resulted in construction of clinical pharmacogenetic models for prediction of adverse events. However, the results of pharmacogenetic studies are inconsistent. More comprehensive genome-wide approaches are needed to find genetic biomarkers of P

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Kwon, Eun Hae, Sabrina Tennagels, Ralf Gold, Klaus Gerwert, Léon Beyer, and Lars Tönges. "Update on CSF Biomarkers in Parkinson’s Disease." Biomolecules 12, no. 2 (2022): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12020329.

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Progress in developing disease-modifying therapies in Parkinson’s disease (PD) can only be achieved through reliable objective markers that help to identify subjects at risk. This includes an early and accurate diagnosis as well as continuous monitoring of disease progression and therapy response. Although PD diagnosis still relies mainly on clinical features, encouragingly, advances in biomarker discovery have been made. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a biofluid of particular interest to study biomarkers since it is closest to the brain structures and therefore could serve as an ideal sourc

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Camicioli, Richard, and Serge Gauthier. "Clinical Trials in Parkinson's Disease Dementia and Dementia with Lewy Bodies." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 34, S1 (2007): S109—S117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100005679.

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Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are pathological overlapping and important causes of dementia for which clinical trials are in their infancy. Cholinesterase inhibitors may be of benefit in DLB and PDD, as suggested by placebo-controlled clinical trials of rivastigmine and donepezil. The anti-psychotic agent clozapine has been of benefit in PD and PDD, but other agents, such as quetiapine, require adequate assessment. Barriers to trials include pathological overlap that can lead to inaccuracies in clinical diagnosis, unavailability of a consensus defi

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Lee, Ju-Young, Hyeo-il Ma, and Young Eun Kim. "Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Clinical and Biochemical Biomarker." Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 39, no. 4 (2021): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17340/jkna.2021.4.4.

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Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease compromising progressive motor and non-motor features for a long disease course. Although many drugs controlling parkinsonian symptoms were discovered, treatment with disease-modifying or halting effect was not developed to date. The exploration of reliable biomarkers would be helpful for better predicting disease progression and thereby successful development of disease-modifying therapy. In this review, we will review the clinical biomarkers in the prodromal stage and biomarkers using biological tissue in Parkinson’s disease.

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Török, Nóra, Masaru Tanaka, and László Vécsei. "Searching for Peripheral Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolic Pathway." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24 (2020): 9338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249338.

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Neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial, initiated by a series of the causative complex which develops into a certain clinical picture. The pathogenesis and disease course vary from patient to patient. Thus, it should be likewise to the treatment. Peripheral biomarkers are to play a central role for tailoring a personalized therapeutic plan for patients who suffered from neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, among others. Nevertheless, the use of biomarkers in clinical practice is still underappreciated and data presented in

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Reddy, Doodipala Samba, and Hasara Nethma Abeygunaratne. "Experimental and Clinical Biomarkers for Progressive Evaluation of Neuropathology and Therapeutic Interventions for Acute and Chronic Neurological Disorders." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (2022): 11734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911734.

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This article describes commonly used experimental and clinical biomarkers of neuronal injury and neurodegeneration for the evaluation of neuropathology and monitoring of therapeutic interventions. Biomarkers are vital for diagnostics of brain disease and therapeutic monitoring. A biomarker can be objectively measured and evaluated as a proxy indicator for the pathophysiological process or response to therapeutic interventions. There are complex hurdles in understanding the molecular pathophysiology of neurological disorders and the ability to diagnose them at initial stages. Novel biomarkers f

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Marino, Bianca L. B., Lucilene R. de Souza, Kessia P. A. Sousa, et al. "Parkinson’s Disease: A Review from Pathophysiology to Treatment." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 20, no. 9 (2020): 754–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557519666191104110908.

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: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly population, with a higher prevalence in men, independent of race and social class; it affects approximately 1.5 to 2.0% of the elderly population over 60 years and 4% for those over 80 years of age. PD is caused by the necrosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which is the brain region responsible for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA), resulting in its decrease in the synaptic cleft. The monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) degrades dopamine, promoting the glutamate accumulati

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Pawlik, Patrycja, and Katarzyna Błochowiak. "The Role of Salivary Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease." Diagnostics 11, no. 2 (2021): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11020371.

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Many neurodegenerative diseases present with progressive neuronal degeneration, which can lead to cognitive and motor impairment. Early screening and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are necessary to begin treatment before the onset of clinical symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease. Biomarkers have shown great potential as a diagnostic tool in the early diagnosis of many diseases, including AD and PD. However, screening for these biomarkers usually includes invasive, complex and expensive methods such as cereb

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Lesman-Segev, Orit H., Lauren Edwards, and Gil D. Rabinovici. "Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Comparison with Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia." Seminars in Neurology 40, no. 04 (2020): 394–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715134.

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AbstractThe clinical diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is challenging due to heterogeneous clinical presentations and overlap with other neurodegenerative dementias. Depending on the clinical presentation, the differential diagnosis of CTE includes Alzheimer's disease (AD), behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, primary mood disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychotic disorders. The aim of this article is to compare the clinical aspects, genetics, fluid biomarkers, imaging, treatment, and pathology o

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Lemieszewska, Marta, Agnieszka Zabłocka, and Joanna Rymaszewska. "Parkinson’s disease: Etiopathogenesis, molecular basis and potential treatment opportunities." Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 73 (May 15, 2019): 256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2021.

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Neurodegenerative diseases affect the life quality and lifespan of aging populations. Among all forms of neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson’s disease (PD) has a massive impact on the elderly. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are the main causes of neurodegeneration and progression of PD. Oxidative stress, which plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of PD, is related to the dysfunction of cellular antioxidant mechanisms as a result of enhanced production of reactive oxygen species. A large number of studies have utilized oxidative stress biomarkers to investigate the severi

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Rees, Richard Nathaniel, Anita Prema Acharya, Anette Schrag, and Alastair John Noyce. "An early diagnosis is not the same as a timely diagnosis of Parkinson's disease." F1000Research 7 (July 18, 2018): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14528.1.

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Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative condition that has significant costs to the individual patient and to society. The pathology starts up to a decade before symptoms are severe enough to allow a diagnosis using current criteria. Although the search for disease-modifying treatment continues, it is vital to understand what the right time is for diagnosis. Diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease is based on the classic clinical criteria, but the presence of other clinical features and disease biomarkers may allow earlier diagnosis, at least in a research setting. In this review, we identi

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Taymans, Jean-Marc, Eugénie Mutez, Matthieu Drouyer, William Sibran, and Marie-Christine Chartier-Harlin. "LRRK2 detection in human biofluids: potential use as a Parkinson's disease biomarker?" Biochemical Society Transactions 45, no. 1 (2017): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20160334.

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Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a complex signalling protein that is a key therapeutic target, particularly in Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, there is now evidence showing that LRRK2 expression and phosphorylation levels have potential as markers of disease or target engagement. Indeed, reports show increases in LRRK2 protein levels in the prefrontal cortex of PD patients relative to controls, suggesting that increase in total LRRK2 protein expression is correlated with disease progression. LRRK2 phosphorylation levels are reduced in experimental systems for most disease mutant

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Jankovic, Joseph, and Eng King Tan. "Parkinson’s disease: etiopathogenesis and treatment." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 91, no. 8 (2020): 795–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-322338.

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The concept of ‘idiopathic’ Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a single entity has been challenged with the identification of several clinical subtypes, pathogenic genes and putative causative environmental agents. In addition to classic motor symptoms, non-motor manifestations (such as rapid eye movement sleep disorder, anosmia, constipation and depression) appear at prodromic/premotor stage and evolve, along with cognitive impairment and dysautonomia, as the disease progresses, often dominating the advanced stages of the disease. The key molecular pathogenic mechanisms include α-synuclein misfoldin

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Milán-Tomás, Ángela, Marta Fernández-Matarrubia, and María Cruz Rodríguez-Oroz. "Lewy Body Dementias: A Coin with Two Sides?" Behavioral Sciences 11, no. 7 (2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11070094.

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Lewy body dementias (LBDs) consist of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD), which are clinically similar syndromes that share neuropathological findings with widespread cortical Lewy body deposition, often with a variable degree of concomitant Alzheimer pathology. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the neuropathological and clinical features, current diagnostic criteria, biomarkers, and management of LBD. Literature research was performed using the PubMed database, and the most pertinent articles were read and are discussed in this pape

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Satue, Maria, Javier Obis, Maria J. Rodrigo, et al. "Optical Coherence Tomography as a Biomarker for Diagnosis, Progression, and Prognosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8503859.

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Neurodegenerative diseases present a current challenge for accurate diagnosis and for providing precise prognostic information. Developing imaging biomarkers for multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson disease (PD), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) will improve the clinical management of these patients and may be useful for monitoring treatment effectiveness. Recent research using optical coherence tomography (OCT) has demonstrated that parameters provided by this technology may be used as potential biomarkers for MS, PD, and AD. Retinal thinning has been observed in these patients and new segmentation

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von Euler Chelpin, Marianne, Linda Söderberg, Johanna Fälting, et al. "Alpha-Synuclein Protofibrils in Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Potential Biomarker for Parkinson's Disease." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 10, no. 4 (2020): 1429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jpd-202141.

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Background: Currently, there is no established biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD) and easily accessible biomarkers are crucial for developing disease-modifying treatments. Objective: To develop a novel method to quantify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of α-synuclein protofibrils (α-syn PF) and apply it to clinical cohorts of patients with PD and atypical parkinsonian disorders. Methods: A cohort composed of 49 patients with PD, 12 with corticobasal degeneration (CBD), 22 with progressive supranuclear palsy, and 33 controls, that visited the memory clinic but had no biomarker signs of Alz

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Ghanta, Mohan K., P. Elango, and Bhaskar L. V. K. S. "Current Therapeutic Strategies and Perspectives for Neuroprotection in Parkinson’s Disease." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 37 (2020): 4738–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200217114658.

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Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of dopaminergic striatal neurons in basal ganglia. Treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) through dopamine replacement strategies may provide improvement in early stages and this treatment response is related to dopaminergic neuronal mass which decreases in advanced stages. This treatment failure was revealed by many studies and levodopa treatment became ineffective or toxic in chronic stages of PD. Early diagnosis and neuroprotective agents may be a suitable approach for the treatment of PD. The essentials required for early diagn

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Doroszkiewicz, Julia, Magdalena Groblewska, and Barbara Mroczko. "Molecular Biomarkers and Their Implications for the Early Diagnosis of Selected Neurodegenerative Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (2022): 4610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094610.

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The degeneration and dysfunction of neurons are key features of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Currently, one of the main challenges facing researchers and clinicians is the ability to obtain reliable diagnostic tools that will allow for the diagnosis of NDs as early as possible and the detection of neuronal dysfunction, preferably in the presymptomatic stage. Additionally, better tools for assessing disease progression in this group of disorders are also being sought. The ideal biomarker must have high sensitivity and specificity, be easy to measure, give reproducible results, and reflect

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Waleed, Madeeha. "Parkinsonism and D-512, dopamine D2/3 receptor agonist; A review of literature." International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews 4, no. 1 (2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/077.

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In 1817, James Parkinson first coined the term Paralysis Agitans (An Essay on the Shaking Palsy), Jean-Marie Charcot was the first to coin term Parkinson’s disease (PD). Three most common and obvious symptoms in patients with PD are tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. A multidisciplinary team involving neurologists, primary care practitioners, nurses, physical therapists, social workers is used to diagnose PD. Nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatment is given to the patient. However, this disease demands more clinical translational and prognostic research, identifying biomarkers that c

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Singh, Sarita, Sunil Kumar Gupta, and Prahlad Kishore Seth. "Biomarkers for detection, prognosis and therapeutic assessment of neurological disorders." Reviews in the Neurosciences 29, no. 7 (2018): 771–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2017-0097.

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Abstract Neurological disorders have aroused a significant concern among the health scientists globally, as diseases such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and dementia lead to disability and people have to live with them throughout the life. Recent evidence suggests that a number of environmental chemicals such as pesticides (paraquat) and metals (lead and aluminum) are also the cause of these diseases and other neurological disorders. Biomarkers can help in detecting the disorder at the preclinical stage, progression of the disease and key metabolomic alterations permitting identification of poten

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Schäffer, Eva, and Daniela Berg. "Redefinition of Parkinson’s Disease." Neurology International Open 1, no. 02 (2017): E65—E70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-102916.

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AbstractIn 2015, a working group of the International Parkinsonʼs and Movement Disorders Society (MDS) presented new clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinsonʼs disease (PD). This review outlines the key insights with regard to pathophysiology, various clinical manifestations and clinical progression which form the basis for a redefinition and the new, summarized clinical diagnostic criteria of Parkinson’s disease. Essential findings, which led to the new diagnostic criteria, include (i) the recognition of the importance of non-motor symptoms, which may have a tremendous influence on the qual

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Calvo, Ana C., Raquel Manzano, Deise M. F. Mendonça, María J. Muñoz, Pilar Zaragoza, and Rosario Osta. "Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Focus on Disease Progression." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/925101.

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Since amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was discovered and described in 1869 as a neurodegenerative disease in which motor neuron death is induced, a wide range of biomarkers have been selected to identify therapeutic targets. ALS shares altered molecular pathways with other neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s diseases. However, the molecular targets that directly influence its aggressive nature remain unknown. What is the first link in the neurodegenerative chain of ALS that makes this disease so peculiar? In this review, we will discuss the progre

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Liu, Tsai-Wei, Chiung-Mei Chen, and Kuo-Hsuan Chang. "Biomarker of Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 8 (2022): 4148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084148.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, which subsequently causes motor symptoms. Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in PD. This neuroinflammatory neurodegeneration involves the activation of microglia, upregulation of proinflammatory factors, and gut microbiota. In this review, we summarized the recent findings on detection of PD by using inflammatory biomarkers, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; regulated upon activation,

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Price, J. Blair, Aaron E. Rusheen, Abhijeet S. Barath, et al. "Clinical applications of neurochemical and electrophysiological measurements for closed-loop neurostimulation." Neurosurgical Focus 49, no. 1 (2020): E6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.4.focus20167.

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The development of closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems represents a significant opportunity for innovation in the clinical application of neurostimulation therapies. Despite the highly dynamic nature of neurological diseases, open-loop DBS applications are incapable of modifying parameters in real time to react to fluctuations in disease states. Thus, current practice for the designation of stimulation parameters, such as duration, amplitude, and pulse frequency, is an algorithmic process. Ideal stimulation parameters are highly individualized and must reflect both the specific di

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Bencze, János, Viktória Simon, Erika Bereczki, et al. "A Lewy-testes demencia klinikai és neuropatológiai jellemzői." Orvosi Hetilap 158, no. 17 (2017): 643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2017.30735.

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Abstract: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia. The accurate diagnosis is often possible only by neuropathological examination. The morphologic hallmarks are the presence of α-synuclein-rich Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, identical to those seen in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD). Neurotransmitter deficits, synaptic and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) dysfunction play major role in the pathomechanism. Characteristic symptoms are cognitive fluctuation, parkinsonism and visual hallucinations. Due to the often atypi

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Fricova, Dominika, Jana Harsanyiova, and Alzbeta Kralova Trancikova. "Alpha-Synuclein in the Gastrointestinal Tract as a Potential Biomarker for Early Detection of Parkinson’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22 (2020): 8666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228666.

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The primary pathogenesis associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) occurs in peripheral tissues several years before the onset of typical motor symptoms. Early and reliable diagnosis of PD could provide new treatment options for PD patients and improve their quality of life. At present, however, diagnosis relies mainly on clinical symptoms, and definitive diagnosis is still based on postmortem pathological confirmation of dopaminergic neuronal degeneration. In addition, the similarity of the clinical, cognitive, and neuropathological features of PD with other neurodegenerative diseases calls fo

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Fernández, Belén, Antonio Jesús Lara Ordóñez, Elena Fdez, et al. "Centrosomal cohesion deficits as cellular biomarker in lymphoblastoid cell lines from LRRK2 Parkinson's disease patients." Biochemical Journal 476, no. 19 (2019): 2797–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20190315.

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Abstract Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), and orally bioavailable, brain penetrant and highly potent LRRK2 kinase inhibitors are in early stages of clinical testing. Detection of LRRK2 phosphorylation, as well as phosphorylation of Rab10, a LRRK2 kinase substrate, have been proposed as target engagement biomarkers for LRRK2 inhibitor clinical trials. However, these readouts do not seem able to stratify patients based on enhanced LRRK2 kinase activity. Here, we describe a robust cell biological assay based on c

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Sciancalepore, Francesco, Giulia Remoli, Leonardo Tariciotti, et al. "A Systematic Review of the Biological Processes Involved in Deep-Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's disease: A Focus on the Potential Disease-Modifying Effects." OBM Neurobiology 05, no. 02 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2102097.

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Deep-Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an important treatment option for the management of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is a common symptomatic treatment. However, an increasing number of studies have examined the biological processes to assess if DBS can also modify the natural history of PD by acting on its pathophysiological mechanisms. Relevant literature published up to November 2020 was systematically searched on databases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Academic Search Index, and Science Citation Index. The following predefined inclusion criteria were applied to the full-text versions of

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Stephenson, Diane, Reham Badawy, Soania Mathur, Maria Tome, and Lynn Rochester. "Digital Progression Biomarkers as Novel Endpoints in Clinical Trials: A Multistakeholder Perspective." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 11, s1 (2021): S103—S109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jpd-202428.

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The burden of Parkinson’s disease (PD) continues to grow at an unsustainable pace particularly given that it now represents the fastest growing brain disease. Despite seminal discoveries in genetics and pathogenesis, people living with PD oftentimes wait years to obtain an accurate diagnosis and have no way to know their own prognostic fate once they do learn they have the disease. Currently, there is no objective biomarker to measure the onset, progression, and severity of PD along the disease continuum. Without such tools, the effectiveness of any given treatment, experimental or conventiona

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Santos García, Diego, Marta Blázquez-Estrada, Matilde Calopa, et al. "Present and Future of Parkinson’s Disease in Spain: PARKINSON-2030 Delphi Project." Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081027.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive and irreversible disease and the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. In Spain, it affects around 120.000–150.000 individuals, and its prevalence is estimated to increase in the future. PD has a great impact on patients’ and caregivers’ lives and also entails a substantial socioeconomic burden. The aim of the present study was to examine the current situation and the 10-year PD forecast for Spain in order to optimize and design future management strategies. This study was performed using the modified Delphi method to try to o

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Park, Sangmin, Aeyung Kim, Gunhyuk Park, et al. "Investigation of Therapeutic Response Markers for Acupuncture in Parkinson’s Disease: An Exploratory Pilot Study." Diagnostics 11, no. 9 (2021): 1697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11091697.

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In this preliminary pilot study, we investigated the specific genes implicated in the therapeutic response to acupuncture in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Transcriptome alterations following acupuncture in blood samples collected during our previous clinical trial were analyzed along with the clinical data of six patients with PD, of which a representative patient was selected for transcriptomic analysis following acupuncture. We also examined the changes in the expression of PD biomarker genes known to be dysregulated in both the brain and blood of patients with PD. We validated the

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Olson, Katherine E., Krista L. Namminga, Yaman Lu, et al. "Safety, tolerability, and immune-biomarker profiling for year-long sargramostim treatment of Parkinson's disease." EBioMedicine 67 (May 2021): 103380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103380.

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Rojas Cabrera, Juan M., J. Blair Price, Aaron E. Rusheen, et al. "Advances in neurochemical measurements: A review of biomarkers and devices for the development of closed-loop deep brain stimulation systems." Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 39, no. 1 (2020): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revac-2020-0117.

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Abstract Neurochemical recording techniques have expanded our understanding of the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, as well as the mechanisms of action of treatment modalities like deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS is used to treat diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Tourette syndrome, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, among others. Although DBS is effective at alleviating symptoms related to these diseases and improving the quality of life of these patients, the mechanism of action of DBS is currently not fully understood. A leading hypothesis is that DBS modulates the electrical

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Sreeja C Nair, Sujaid Thayyilakandy, Arjun KK, Gayathri Krishnakumar, and Gayathri PS. "A futuristic perspective in subsiding the symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (2019): 975–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i2.369.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily impinges the dopaminergic neurons in a particular region of Brain termed as Substantia Nigra. The disease affects more than 1900 people per 100,000 aged 80 years and above. Furthermore, men are 1.5 times more prone than their counterpart. Potential biomarkers escalated the precise diagnosis and helped to initiate treatment to limit its adversity. The current therapeutic schemes are focused on administration of Dopamine precursor, Dopamine agonist, Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, Catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) inhi

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Hölscher, Christian. "Insulin, incretins and other growth factors as potential novel treatments for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases." Biochemical Society Transactions 42, no. 2 (2014): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20140016.

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Recently, it has been shown that in patients with AD (Alzheimer's disease) and, to some degree, in patients with PD (Parkinson's disease) insulin signalling is impaired. This finding has initiated a range of research projects that showed remarkable improvements using treatments that initially had been developed to treat diabetes. Pre-clinical studies showed good neuroprotective effects when applying insulin or long-lasting analogues of incretin peptides. In transgenic animal models of AD and PD, analogues of the incretin GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) prevented neurodegenerative processes and

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Broich, Karl. "Outcome measures in clinical trials on medicinal products for the treatment of dementia: a European regulatory perspective." International Psychogeriatrics 19, no. 3 (2007): 509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610207005273.

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Based on efficacy and safety data, several drugs have been approved for symptomatic improvement of dementia of the Alzheimer type and one for the symptomatic improvement of dementia associated with Parkinson's disease. However, established treatment effects must be considered as modest. Randomized clinical trials in other subtypes of dementia (e.g. vascular dementia) have not been able to demonstrate clinically relevant symptomatic improvement, nor has it yet been possible to establish disease-modifying effects in any dementia syndrome or its subtypes. Recent progress in basic science and mole

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Goldstein, David S. "Biomarkers, Mechanisms, and Treatment of Autonomic Failure in Parkinson Disease and Related Disorders." Autonomic Neuroscience 163, no. 1-2 (2011): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2011.05.014.

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HAMZEHLOEI, Leila, Mohammad Ebrahim REZVANI, and Ziba RAJAEI. "Effects of carvacrol and physical exercise on motor and memory impairments associated with Parkinson’s disease." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 77, no. 7 (2019): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20190079.

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ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of carvacrol and treadmill exercise on memory deficit, rotational behavior and oxidative stress biomarkers in a 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson’s disease. Wistar rats were treated with carvacrol at a dose of 25 mg/kg and/or ran on a treadmill for a week. Then, 6-OHDA was microinjected into the medial forebrain bundle and treatments continued for six more weeks. Aversive memory, rotational behavior and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed at the end of week six. The 6-OHDA-lesioned group showed a significant increa

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Hosaka, Takashi, Takenari Yamashita, Akira Tamaoka, and Shin Kwak. "Extracellular RNAs as Biomarkers of Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 13 (2019): 3148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133148.

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Recent progress in the research for underlying mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has led to the development of potentially effective treatment, and hence increased the need for useful biomarkers that may enable early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. The deposition of abnormal proteins is a pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, including β-amyloid in AD, α-synuclein in PD, and the transactive response DNA/RNA binding protein of 43kDa (TDP-43) in ALS. Furthermore, progres

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Cabreira, Verónica, and João Massano. "Doença de Parkinson: Revisão Clínica e Atualização." Acta Médica Portuguesa 32, no. 10 (2019): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.11978.

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Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, and a significant increase in its prevalence in the past three decades has been documented. Environmental and genetic factors contribute to the pathophysiology of this disease, and 5% – 10% of cases have a monogenic cause. The diagnosis relies on clinical findings, supported by adequate testing. There is no absolute method to diagnose Parkinson’s disease in vivo, except for genetic testing in specific circumstances, whose usefulness is limited to a minority of cases. New diagnostic criteria have been recently proposed wi

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Tomasiuk, Ryszard, Stanislaw Szlufik, Andrzej Friedman, and Dariusz Koziorowski. "Ropinirole treatment in Parkinson's disease associated with higher serum level of inflammatory biomarker NT-proCNP." Neuroscience Letters 566 (April 2014): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2014.02.053.

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Shpilyukova, Yuliya A., Ekaterina Yu Fedotova, and Sergey N. Illarioshkin. "Corticobasal syndrome as a phenotype of various neurodegenerative disorders: a case series." Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology 16, no. 1 (2022): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54101/acen.2022.1.9.

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Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a variant of atypical parkinsonism. The underlying cause may be corticobasal degeneration or other proteinopathies, which can be verified only after studying specific biomarkers. The disease aetiology in CBS needs to be established to determine the disease prognosis. It can also affect the choice of pathogenetic treatment due to the differences in the molecular pathogenesis of proteinopathies that cause neurodegenerative processes. Four clinical cases of CBS are presented: in patients with four-repeat tauopathy, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia and Cr

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Virgilio, Eleonora, Fabiola De Marchi, Elena Contaldi, et al. "The Role of Tau beyond Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review." Biomedicines 10, no. 4 (2022): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10040760.

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Nowadays, there is a need for reliable fluid biomarkers to improve differential diagnosis, prognosis, and the prediction of treatment response, particularly in the management of neurogenerative diseases that display an extreme variability in clinical phenotypes. In recent years, Tau protein has been progressively recognized as a valuable neuronal biomarker in several neurological conditions, not only Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cerebrospinal fluid and serum Tau have been extensively investigated in several neurodegenerative disorders, from classically defined proteinopathy, e.g., amyotrophic lat

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Chang, Kuo-Hsuan, and Chiung-Mei Chen. "The Role of Oxidative Stress in Parkinson’s Disease." Antioxidants 9, no. 7 (2020): 597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9070597.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by progressive neurodegeneration of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons with abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein in substantia nigra (SN). Studies have suggested the potential involvement of dopamine, iron, calcium, mitochondria and neuroinflammation in contributing to overwhelmed oxidative stress and neurodegeneration in PD. Function studies on PD-causative mutations of SNCA, PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, LRRK2, FBXO7 and ATP13A2 further indicate the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, it is reasonable that molecules involved in oxidative stress,

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