Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Participation des Noirs américains'
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Benson, Malika. "Étude sur le mouvement des Noirs américains musulmans." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ48134.pdf.
Full textDualé, Christine. "La réussite universitaire des noirs américains de New York city." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030085.
Full textAlthough we know much about the failure of Blacks at school, there is a significant lacunae concerning success at university and the reasons underlying this phenomenon. Many black students obtain excellent results and go on to receive diplomas at selective universities and colleges. How do they reach this level of excellence? In reality, the testimonies of black New-Yorkers show that parental and social environments have much impact on the future of black students. This is not to say, however, that either financial factors or the different programs available should be overlooked. Education and prosperity have provided Blacks with new opportunities, but it is still not possible to speak in terms of full integration. Blacks may well be more successful at university, but in which fields? Does their academic achievement occur within fields where they do not represent a threat for their white counterparts? Concerning their mobility, can Blacks in New York easily leave the ghetto to settle in other parts of the town? This study explores the image of Blacks within the press and illustrates how they continue to be objectified in relation to stereotypes that recycle terminology and images reminiscent of an earlier epoch in American history. It also argues that while black celebrities represent a reassuring group, the success they embody is neither the most representative nor the most accessible form of success for the majority of black students
Urbanowski, Anne. "Les Concepts de race et de classe dans les processus identificatoires des afro-américains : l' exemple de la bourgeoisie noire." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR2011.
Full textLe, Dantec-Lowry Hélène. "Familles noires et culture afro-américaine." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070146.
Full textThis study examines domestic networks in the united states within a minority culture in white america. After a historiographic analysis, the author examines male-female relationships, child sociolization and the organisation of the black family, as well as its relations to two other black institutions : the church and the ghetto. The study was made in st louis, missouri, based on interviews with persons working among blacks or with members of the community itself varying in age, economic status and place of residence. The black family appears not only as an economic and social, but also cultural, unit at the center of american political and ideological debate; it reflects the relationships among blacks and with the wider society. There is not a single pattern but rather a variety of family types that change with class status and the level of integration into white america. This diversity may lead to conflicts and ambiguities within families. The black family is the center of acculturation but can also be the place where cultural specificities are preserved. It is within the family that social differences may occur, but also that blacks be reunited despite disparities as an increasing number are now integrating into the wider society while the entire group is still discriminated against. Domestic groups are also "lieux de memoire" in which blackness is expressed and reaffirmed
TRIKI, DORRA. "L' écriture romanesque de Toni Morrison." Chambéry, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CHAML001.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the writing techniques in Toni Morison’s six novels. First it applies to the division of the different sections of the text and its deep structure. This structure is depicted on the one hand, as a strategy alluding to "signification" and on the other hand as a mirror reflecting relationships between characters. This relationship, in turn, is considered as a path full of riddles and false tracks where sometimes linearity breaks out and the end remains open. Second, it shows the distinction between male's space and women's places. House, family and home all places, from a geagraphical stand point, are associated to an envionment proper to women as if these places aretheir stage of mobility. Whereas space of modernity, territories of "la grande migration" are supposed to be male's space. Still this study proves, with multiple examples from the novels, the possible discorder of the landmarks. Third, the framework and levels of times put up a theory of women's time and black time. In other words, the linear lived time and the cyclic one, including notions like return to origins, expansion of the temporal, call to memory the notion of transcending the past into the present. The name plays an important role in this study. It is presented as a broad hint to identity that is a sign of belonging to the group and anchored in the genealogy. But, at times, it appears as a parody of the christian symbolism or a mark of indetermination. Naming on the other hand goes beyond its role of power and becomes an indivisible part of the novel. The analysis of the narratives reveals the unequality of the narrators. In fact we find that, in jazz, the narrator is more present, more powerful and can also influence the reader's opinion. In jazz the narrator speaks and illustrates the artistic intrusions. Finally, the study speaks about creative expression, metaphor of working, the reccurents themes of "l'artiste manquée" and the collective expression of the community, including flight, creative expansion and the practice of oral communications (tales, chant, songs. . . ). Emphacising on the refusal of the "cliché" and "l’oeuvre ouverte", the conclusion leads to almost a constant use of the "differance" and to the coexistance of multiple meanings
Ouellet, Nelson. "Migration et relations interraciales, les Noirs américains de Gary, Indiana, 1906-1920." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ26806.pdf.
Full textSayni, Kouamé. "L'identité afro-américaine et le rapport avec l'Afrique dans la fiction, de James Baldwin à Toni Morrison." Tours, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUR2012.
Full textWhat conditions are at the basis of the changes in African American fiction from the fifties to the late seventies affecting the portraiture of the black hero through the various narrative discourses ? What impacts did these conditions have on the quest of Black idendity ? In other words, does the passage from the "protest novel" to the "novel of memory" modify contemporary African American literary militantism [. . . . ]
Cariou, Gwennaëlle. ""Say it Loud !" : la création d'un contexte culturel noir à travers la fondation des musées africains américains." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070037.
Full textThis thesis is examining the issues of the creation of a black cultural context in the USA through African-American museums founded during the second half of the 20th century. Those museums are the result of a long process within the black American community since the 19th century, at first with the establishment of a black culture (historical societies, art collections) which allowed then the creation of black exhibitions. Those exhibitions came out in a white dominating cultural context, especially with the setting of segregated exhibitions during national and international exhibitions in the USA, then with independent exhibitions. Those different exhibitions are the base of the first black museums founded in different American cities from the 1960s. The movement of creation of African American museums went on throughout the 20th century until today with the project of the National Museum of African American History and Culture scheduled to open in 2015. African American museums are presenting in a positive way the experience of African-Americans in the USA and their place in American history and culture. They are in general the only space in which this culture is displayed and show varied themes (sciences and techniques, art, religion, work) and historical periods (the Middle Passage and slavery, the Civil Rights movement)
Ebata, Gilbert. "Les conséquences particulières de la crise économique sur les noirs américains, ces vingt dernières années, aux Etats-Unis." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030075.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of the peculiar consequences of the economic crisis on the blacks in america during the last twenty years. It has an introduction and it is divided into two parts. The first largest part which holds four chapters deals with social and economic effects of the energy crisis on the blacks. As stated in the first part, since 1973, the proportion of blacks unemployed tripled. Those hit hardest on the plane of education, housing, medical care are young and adult blacks out of work the longest. The gap between black and white family income widened sharply. Then poverty among blacks has grown significantly worse since 1970. The extend of welfare trends among black families correspondsto this poverty. Indeed, some black capitalists move up the socioeconomic ladder, but the black underclass increased. Reagan-bush cutbacks in 1981 are responsible for some black difficulties. Then, the second part (in chapters five, six and seven) is about the crisis of spirit within black america and the decline of the black vote participation. The conditions in which blacks live account for their involvement in violence and crime. Their political participation declined too, despite jesse jackson's emergence
Leport, Catherine. "Les Appliqués noirs américains des Antilles françaises : origines et mutations d'un langage plastique contemporain." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010559.
Full textStudy of cultural identity questions in black american and caribbean communities based on the examination of a contemporary art form : the applique textiles
Guillaume, Isabelle. "Le personnage noir dans le cinéma américain : entre remise en question et rémanence des formes classiques." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083975.
Full textThe subject matter of this doctoral work is the process by which black characters have become stereotypes in American cinema. The work shows how, very early on, American cinema, the first appearances of black people on screen gave rise to stereotypical black characters. The purpose of this work is to try and show that these very first caricatured, stereotypical, reductive and set images of black people have endured thereafter, in more or less varied forms, throughout American cinema’s history. The work is based on the five major stereotypical black figures listed by American historian Donald Bogle. The categories of stereotypes drawn by Bogle form the backbone of this work. Throughout the work, these black figures will be used as a benchmark to show that American cinema has both, tried to improve its portrayal of black characters while, at the same time, given in to the easy endless repetition of traditional figures. The aim of this dissertation being to provide an overview of black identity’s evolution in American cinema from the early days up until now, it will, therefore, focus on several genres, black and white actors and directors, and independent films, as well as films financed by Hollywood’s movie industry. By way of conclusion, the journey of black characters throughout this study is a long, arduous one. Inequalities remain. American audiences must, therefore, be wary of the persistence of classical representations of black characters, as such representations bring back ghost images that will continue to haunt American cinema for many years
Laurent-Audiat, Dominique. "La quête d'identité Africaine-Américaine, de l'émergence de la négritude à l'accession au Rêve Américain : "Not without laughter" Langston Hughes, "Jubilee" Margaret Walker, "The autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman" Ernest Gaines, "Dreams from my father" Barack Obama." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131010.
Full textFor a long time African Americans have been confronted with a dilemma: how to exist in a society living in contradiction with the Principles of Liberty and Equality enunciated by the Founding Fathers, and how to affirm one‘s personal identity without disavowing one‘s community? This study analyzes, through literature, the long way from denial to recognition of the sacred and unalienable rights included in the Declaration of Independence. Not Without Laughter was published in 1930, at the height of the Harlem Renaissance. Jubilee and The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman were written during the second part of the twentieth century, when the Black Aesthetic movement was in vogue. Both literary movements are built on a racial pride that pervades the quest for identity of the heroes. The three novels illustrate the major stages of African American history. Barack Obama‘s autobiography, analyzed as a literary work, throws light on this study in presenting his own quest for identity at the end of the twentieth century: Dreams From My Father bears the burden of the past, but also contains the seed of change which allowed Barack Obama to reach the American Dream. Through its promise of equality, wealth and happiness, embodying the values of courage and work, this dream has developed individualism in the American society; while being inaccessible to the black people, it has developed a strong community link. This individual longing will be called ―personal identity‖, and the belonging to the community will be called ―collective identity. ‖ The African American quest for identity is constantly oscillating between these two poles, the prevalence of the one on the other reflecting historic and social evolution
Allamel, Frédéric. "Sociologie de l'environnementalisme : une contribution africaine-américaine à l'éco-esthétique." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H072.
Full textModernity is displaying an increasingly fragmented world view which is lacking the holistic dimension that characterized the balance in traditional societies. Self-taught artists (those who free themselves from their inhibitions and are irrepressibly attracted to the process of making art) are particularly recruited from such anomic forms (madness, criminality, social exclusion, and so forth). In fact it is less a new aesthetical category outsider art) to be added to history of art than an unconscious existential "strategy" which aims at being reconciled with an hostile world. To that end environmentalism represents for the artist a new way to be in the world, and a more satisfying way to be tied to his environment, both human and natural. This holistic systemic perspective requires a recurrence to mythical thought and new networks of symbolic correspondences on which are based a new art of living. It is consequently founded to talk about an "eco-aesthetics", a delight by the arts of the space to live in (oikos: the house), a poetic revision of what daily life is made. And even if these highly creative territories look like small spots of utopia they are as many personalized contributions to post-modernity
Zrann, Fatma. "La problématique identitaire dans la photographie noire américaine : de l'identité comme revendication communautaire à l'identité comme principe d'autonomie esthétique." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070112.
Full textThis work is a reflection of the problem of identity in photographic and more generally pictorial production. It questions Black American photographers' works and the way they portray or mask the African American reality. My aim was to study the Black identity in the sense of the African identity or African origin asserted by Black Americans and the way contemporary artists deal with it, especially in the works of Black photographers. It looks at the past and present, using various and overlapping archived images, paintings, photographs and evidence, based on real, historical or imaginary events which give an in-depth, objective analysis of complex problems related to slavery, discrimination, the existence of a Black identity and the portrayal of African Americans and other minorities in the United States in general. In the end, it's a cultural study, which looks at how Black identity takes shape across very different works in which the photographer brings into play persona! motivations and common problems
Bouamane, Loubna. "L'aide du gouvernement fédéral aux entreprises africaines-américaines, 1968-2005 : une autre forme d'affirmative action." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070026.
Full textAffirmative action programs in the field of public procurement Systems are one of the clearest forms of quota Systems, one of the highest federal spending and one of the most common causes of legal disputes about the validity preferential treatment. However, until 1989, this form of affirmative action had been of little interest to researchers. These programs were originally created by the Nixon administration to address the consequences of decades of discriminatory practices in employment, especially in the construction sector where such practices were particularly widespread and documented. These programs were later extended to the field of public procurement by introducing for the first time in 1977, under the plan of Philadelphia, a quota System in favor of businesses run by minorities. In this study, will respond to four basic questions: What was the impact of federal initiatives on the mode of development of black businesses? Did Affirmative Action programs in the field of public procurement result in parity between minority and non minority in public contracting? What were the consequences of the new legislation imposed by the Supreme Court on the mode of public contracting and the black businesses? Finally, Is Affirmative Action still necessary?
Philogène, Gina. "De "Black" à "African american" : l'élaboration d'une nouvelle représentation sociale." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0019.
Full textMbasegue-Oyono, Luc Rigobert. "The Importance of negro spirituals and gospel songs in the afro-american's life from 1871 until today." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599710g.
Full textHourdry, Caroline. "Peau noire, regards blancs dans le cinéma états-unien : entre réhabilitation et mauvaise conscience (1945-1970)." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30094.
Full textI will study the interactions between Blacks and Whites as they appeared in the American films of the Post-War era, WW2 as well as the struggle against Hitlerian fascism having considerably modified perceptions of African Americans. In the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, race relations gradually became the favourite field of investigation of Black and White cinema producers, who had come up with a new subgenre in the American socially-conscious cinema. The historical period 1945-1970 saw the triumph of a so-called “white race liberalism” which aimed at rehabilitating the black minority on the international scene. While the burning issues of institutionalized segregation and Black political militancy were naturally not broached upon in films, ethnic equality as the new rallying cry in the cinema milieu. Hollywood had become a strategic place where constant pressure was exerted, in particular by the black organization the NAACP, whose work consisted in combating former stereotypes. Although most directors expressed an obvious sympathy for their black characters, often described on screen as the scapegoats of Black-hating rednecks, their films generally betrayed an ideologically ambivalent stance, between ethnic tolerance and suppressed racism. Indeed, some major filmmakers, such as Stanley Kramer or Richard Brooks, voiced the American integrationist creed while subliminally conveying deep-rooted ethnic prejudices that can be observed in the film production of today
Carsalade, Pierre. "Paris transatlantique : les débuts de free jazz en france, des années 1960 aux années 1970 : essai d'analyse anthropologique de relations musicales transatlantiques." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0451.
Full textThis thesis work is an anthropological and historical study of the reformulation of free jazz in France, in the 60's and 70's. In this formative period, european musicians started to emancipate from their epigonal position concerning american jazz, creating some local musical identity. A first research problematic concerns the anthropological analysis of the otherness brought by jazzistic musical practice. If jazz is fully part of our occidental modernity it also constitutes, at its ends, an alternative cultural model - an influent otherness in the same. The second research problematic is a reflexive turnround of this otherness approach. The transatlantic musical circulation which is at the very heart of this relation of Europe with the afro-american "other" is then examined in the perspective of a symetric anthropology and an anthropology of the near. By studying the way free jazz was reformulated in France, through relations to objects as between subjects, in the perspective of an anthropology of cultural change mobilizing the concepts of reformulation, bricolage and misunderstanding, the purpose of such a work is to examine our european cultural modernity, its limits and internal otherness. By doing so, this works intends to study the reception in France of a cultural otherness intimately articulated with the music, through an original method consisting of theorizing the musical practices instead of the formal features they determine, the socio-musical logics operating in these practices and finally the processes of symbolic circulation between practices, discursives formations and sensibles objects that inform musical creativity and produce local identity
Kabous, Patricia. "John Edgar Wideman : au-delà de l'héritage." Bordeaux 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR30042.
Full textJohn Edgar Wideman is the author of a powerful, profound, unsettling and lyrical writings ranging from novels, essays to meditations. The present study examines how coming out of the African American tradition while contributing to its survival by way of celebrating its richness, John Edgar Wideman who is referred to as a–beyond heritage writer–reveals himself through empirical, creative and complex writings. This study points to the author’s life since its genesis as well as its structure, are entirely embedded with biographical insights about Wideman. The study then moves in depth into history in order to underline how its repeats itself, while at the same token points to the psychological trauma caused by the social slavery that African Americans are still undergoing in the twenty-first century as racism continues to shape American race relation. The persistent unsolved Black question gives tools to Wideman to focus on a very personal level upon the father/son race relation paradigm yet putting him in the collective history experienced by African Americans as it is related to race relation in America. This study further discusses the socio-political landscape without which Wideman’s writings would be non-existent. This study aims at generating a thoughtful analysis of the American society dysfunctions. Wideman’s fictional writings criticize and forcefully points to economic mechanisms, social exclusion and the alienation resulting from these social evils affecting and contributing to the decaying of the African American community. Wideman’s writing also discusses processes put into place to structure, idealize reality and account from a stylistic standpoint for a social and political reality by way of producing beauty effect and reading pleasure. The artistic work and the author’s unlimited writing experiments are unique and cannot be dissociated from their political and social dimensions. Wideman’s works examine a host of questions manely cultural survival, durability, racial paradigm, sexuality, historical trauma, incarceration system, family and the African American community. His writings also lay out unconventionnal questions that many among us would rather be consciously or unconsciously in denial of so as to disregard them
Paquet-Deyris, Anne-Marie. "Esclavage et féminité dans l'oeuvre de Toni Morrisson : sources des mythes afro-américains." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040177.
Full textToni Morrison addresses in her five novels the problems of Afro-American women in a family or communal environment, thus breaking a ling literary silence. For the Afro-American woman, "slavery" has now taken on a mostly cultural and social meaning. Faced with a limited amount of personal freedom, she has to fight her way toward self-definition and worth. This often means breaking up with the community and embarking on a quest of her own or guiding the novel's hero, often a male. Throughout the narrative, Toni Morrison makes constant references to mythic structure and motifs, mainly to reshape them for her own uses. Her female characters often are magicians whose word is a sacred and powerful one. It reunites the hero with his long-lost tradition, roots and name. The author's message extends to contemporary society where mother-centered families are now becoming the rule. As both a woman and the head of the family, the Afro-American woman is able to redefine a new family. As a figure of "the parent", she offers the possibility of alternative lifestyles in modern society which allow the individual to function in a more wholesome way within the group (family or other)
Tsibah-Madzou, Norbert. "W. E. B. Du Bois : quête de la vérité : comment être noir et américain." Lyon 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO31002.
Full textGounebana-Feickeram, Simon. "La situation des noirs aux Etats-Unis dans le contexte du programme d'"action affirmative" de 1960 à nos jours." Tours, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOUR2005.
Full textOne of the most controversial social development of recent years, is "affirmative action", this government program which required educators and employers, to favor members of discriminated against groupparticularly blacks - indecisions on admissions and employment. The traditional social policy of the united states, which has been evolving over two hundred years, emphasized the primacy of the individual, regardless of race or color. In 1961, "affirmative action" was established and since, the government, in an effort to eliminate discriminatory practices in the past against ethnic and social groups, has insisted that color and group identity play a primary role at the level of public policy. My opinion is that such a program is more negative in its consequences than in its advantags
Konate, Kangbai. "L' utilisation et la place de l'Afrique dans le processus identitaire des Noirs américains : discours interprétatif et négociation culturelle." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0063.
Full textAfrica as a constructive element of African American's alterity, enters the American social, political and cultural scene through their process of self-identification. If for the majority of African Americans, Africa is part of the cultural heritage, for others, the connection to “the mother land” is fundamental to the cultural and political negotiation that they are initiating within American society. This study argues that this negotiation is an attempt by African Americans to reposition themselves in their Americanness: for the majority of African Americans, the place of Africa in their search for identity is a way to exist in American society and not about becoming “Africans”. Rather, it is about defining the parameters of a complete identity. To some extent, the “recourse” to Africa permits African Americans to better come to terms with their “Americanness”. Fundamentally, this search for identity by African Americans reveals a desire for legitimacy rooted in the reality of the unique context of American society
Larrazet, Christine. ""Blacks in Time" : place et visibilité des noirs américains dans un organe de presse "blanc" : "Time Magazine", 1965-1995." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30037.
Full textFor a long time African American leaders have been pointing out the under-coverage and misrepresentation of black citizens in the news media. In 1968, the Kerner report echoed their criticism, declaring that the media were depicting a world almost totally white with a white perspective, and encouraged them to make integration a reality in both their content and personnel. This study, which fits into the ongoing debate on the representation of minorities in the media, focuses on one magazine, Time, one of the most influential in American mainstream media. It seeks to find if the place and representation Time has given to and of the black community have evolved to become more prominent and even-handed after the 1960's. In the process, it inquires whether or not the integration of African American journalists at Time has helped to change either the frequency of the articles on Blacks or their image. The foundations of this research lay on an in-depth content analysis based on the notion of space and on sampling; more than 600 articles were analyzed in a computer file specially devised for the study. The findings suggest that the visibility of Blacks in Time has not steadily increased after the Kerner report and the integration of black journalists. Three different periods emerged from the data: 1965-1971, 1972-1988, and 1989-1995. The detailed analysis of these periods, bolstered by in-person interviews of Time journalists, reveals major evolutions in the visibility of black citizens and examines the extent of the influence of the few black journalists at Time who have contributed toward communicating to a mainly white audience what it is to be black in the United States
Ndongo, Onono Côme Télesphore. "Chester Himes, écrivain tragique." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUEL629.
Full text"Chester Himes (1909-1984), a tragic writer" is an effort to analyse the tragedy described by Himes in his work. It has three parts. The first part opens with the framework of Himes's difficult life from America to his exile in France and Spain where he died in 1984. Then, I introduce his sixteen novels of our research area. The second part is a study of his oral literature, the monstrosity of the American cities and characters, the style announcing the tragedy (metaphor, proverb, analepsis, prolepsis). The third part is an effort to analyse thirty tragic themes, such as fear, flight, the absurdity of life, violence, the fate of Himes's heroes. "Chester Himes, a tragic writer" ends with Himes's idea of being a Black man, and his project of an unavoidable revolution in America
Taous, Moncef. "L'émergence des Africains-Américains dans les technostructures des Etats-Unis de 1954 à 1984 : origines, réalités et limites." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040269.
Full textThis thesis proposes a subjective model designed to interpret the emergence of African-Americans into the technostructures of America from 1954 to 1984. .
Monier, Anne. "Mobilisations philanthropiques transnationales : les « Amis Américains » des institutions culturelles françaises." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0151.
Full textOur thesis refreshes the analysis of philanthropy by offering a "street level" perspective, conceptualizing it as a mobilization relation. Based on a qualitative survey (interviews, ethnography, archives and document analysis) conducted in France and in the US, this work focuses, in particular, on the case of the American Friends groups of French cultural institutions, which are organizations enabling American patrons to make tax-deductable donations to foreign institutions. Crossing a thème well investigated by the literature on national individual philanthropy (the question of philanthropie relations and actors) with a transnational perspective, our thesis asks the question: What does the transnational "do" to philanthropie mobilization? It thus questions how philanthropy beyond borders leads to a particular form of mobilization of the élites. It demonstrates that transnational philanthropie mobilization requires the implementation of a form of "diplomatie intermediation. " Participating in the renewal of studies on diplomacy, by crossing them with the literature on intermediation, our thesis reveals the close relationship between philanthropy and diplomacy. Focusing especially on the actors, it contributes to the sociology of elites through the analysis of power struggles, distinction, and hierarchizing among elites in a transnational perspective. Based on a comprehensive approach, it also highlights the role of representations in international and transnational relations. Finally, adopting an ecological approach, it contributes to the works on the transformations of the State, and, more specifically, reconfigurations between the public and the private sectors
Bastien-Schmit, Sévrine. "La représentation de l'histoire africaine américaine dans les manuels scolaires du XXe siècle : une étude comparative de manuels d'histoire américains publiés entre 1930 et 1992." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070071.
Full textGuedj, Pauline. "Le chemin du Sankofa : religion et identité "akan" aux Etats-Unis." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100159.
Full textIn 1965, during a trip to Africa, an African American visited the Akonedi Shrine of Larteh Kubease, Ghana. There, the priestess gave him a reading during which she told him the names of his enslaved ancestors, taught him elements of the religion practiced in the shrine and enstooled him as the “Chief of the Akan in America”. The aim of this dissertation is to study the formation of the transnational networks that, since 1965, are linking the Akonedi Shrine with various shrine houses in the United States and to analyze the way the “Akan” religion, as it is practiced in the Ghanaian sanctuary, has been adapted by American devotees, integrated into a new religious field and is today constitutive of complex identity constructions
Soumahoro, Maboula. "La couleur de Dieu ? Regards croisés sur la Nation d'Islam et le Rastafarisme, 1930-1950." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR2009/document.
Full textUsing the analytical tool of the African diaspora and based on the historical context that immediately followed the activities of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association, this work delves into the contexts that gave rise to the American Nation of Islam and the Jamaican Rastafarianism. These two black nationalist expressions chose to launch their respective struggle for self-determination through religion. The Nation of Islam and Rastafarianism, through the discourse they have initially articulated, both raise fundamental questions regarding distinctive historical and social processes of racialization in the African diaspora of the Americas
Ainamon, Augustin. "Les nationalistes Noirs américains et l'Afrique : continuité et changement, avec référence particulière à W.E.B. Du Bois, Marcus Garvey et Claude McKay." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR2011.
Full textCroisille, Valérie. "Identité, communauté et langage dans l'oeuvre d'Ernest J. Gaines." Bordeaux 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30042.
Full textThis thesis tackles the work of Ernest J. Gaines, a contemporary African-American writer from Louisiana, by exploring three main notions, identity, community and languages, and by showing that his fiction opens a space where a community of language, stories and history can take shape, and where identity is built in an interactive and performative way, in constant contact with the other, be he Black, Mulatto or White. It shows that anamnesis enables Blacks to become aware of the necessity to resist and to reappropriate their (h)istory - a lively history feeding on individual memory. Gaines' work not only pays a vibrant tribute to the word, but also opens a dialogic and polyphonic space : Ernest J. Gaines is thus above all a story teller, who pays allegiance to the oral tradition by letting voices arise from his writing
Donatien-Yssa, Patricia. ""Africobra" : esthétique et idéologie de l'expression plastique noire-américaine." Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR2009.
Full textAfricobra, aesthetics and ideology of afro-american visual arts relates the evolution of painting and sculpture in the black community of the united states from slavery to 1960. It particularly insists on the aesthetic changes that took place during the Harlem renaissance and the revolutionary period of the 60's and 70's. This work examines the aesthetics and the ideology of the afro-american visual arts, essentially between the 60's and the 80’s. More precisely through the study of the works of the Africobra group, a group of then black artists who were deeply involved in the political struggle of the 60's and 70's and in the search for new aesthetic concepts. It also takes an active interest in the problem of the cultural identity and in the relation that exists between the ideological discourse and the pictural language, showing how the members of Africobra urged by their philosophical and political convictions have drawn from the afro-american and african traditions to create an art opened on contemporaneousness and reflecting their aesthetic aspirations
Chiarelli, Pierre-Jean. "Keep it real ! : House music : des origines et usages d'une musique noire américaine et de DJs." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10003.
Full textTiaya, Tiofack Prospere. "L'écriture musicale dans les oeuvres de Toni Morrison et de Léonora Miano." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0245.
Full textThis thesis is based on the general assumption that Toni Morrison and Léonora Mian take as a starting point the Afro-American music in their work of writing, with particular methods and for quite precise objectives. If this field of the literary transposition of the Afro-American music has already caused a certain number of researches, it however has not yet been the object of a study of synthesis such as we consider it. By adopting the methodological approach of semiotics and comparative literature, the analysis is interested in the treatment of the musical loans by the two novelists, and in the convergences and the divergences which appear when the various contexts are taken into consideration. Divided into four parts, the analysis describe first the Afro-American literary tradition in whom the authors fit, before explaining the way in which the musical reference is mobilized in the development of the fiction, then in the treatment of the narrative voice and the narrative structure, and finally in the treatment of the language and the style of writing. This reveals that the literary transposition of the Afro-American music, particularly blues and jazz, involves a systematic renewal of the aesthetic of the novel, on the levels of the formal and generic categories, the symbolic dimension, the ideological aimings. The theme of identity, the deconstruction, the orality and the hybridity become the principal paradigms of a writing which becomes an act of resistance and subversion in response to oppression
Martin-Breteau, Nicolas. "Corps politiques : sport et combat civiques des Africains-Américains à Washington, D.C., et Baltimore (v. 1890 - v. 1970)." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0097.
Full textThis dissertation explores the role of sport in the struggles for dignity, equality and rights of the African American communities of Washington, D. C. , and Baltimore between the 1890s and the 1960s. Its aim is to explain how athletics constituted a means of political action seeking to counter racial prejudices on the "natural" inferiority of the black body which legitimized its social oppression. The public display of the dignity of the black body functioned as a claim of symbolic equality, compensating for the relative privation of speech endured by African Americans as they were exduded from the civic community. Since the end of Reconstruction, African American elites have promoted sport as a central element of the perfectionist tactics of "racial uplift" in order to integrate the national community. The main objective of this study is thus to establish how African American political struggles have had the body as place and stake, using sport as a performative means for uplifting individuals' bodies and achieving collective emancipation
Dupetit, Guillaume. "Afro-futurisme et effet miroir : les contre-récits de Parliament-Funkadelic." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/182422941#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textLong before anyone had given it a name, artists such as Sun Ra, Lee Perry and George Clinton already represented the first effervescence of Afrofuturism. Combining music and science fiction, their creations forced fantasy to fall within the bounds of reality. The connections and perspectives of Afrofuturism extend in time and space, cross disciplines and specialties, and are both deeply rooted and constantly renewed. Although it is necessary to expound on the proposed definitions of the term, our main focus here will be on its application and exemplification. The objective of this study is not to define fixed contours or to measure the extent of the multiple ramifications embodied in the afrofuturistic discourse, but rather to provide an example of what it can generate in terms of musical discourse. The central theme of this analysis, thus, will confine itself to the musical field of Afro-futurism through the specific example of the Parliament / Funkadelic collective, in order to express the environment in which his musical creation is inscribed and to give a glimpse of the multiple meanings of the P Funk Universe
Kekeh-Dika, Andrée-Anne. "Lieux et stratégies de résistance dans les discours romanesques de Gayl Jones, Paule Marshall, Toni Morrison, Alice Walker et Sherley Anne Williams." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070067.
Full textBou-Khalil, Marie. "Penser et voir la différence : les phénomènes de foire aux Etats-Unis, 1840-1940." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040173.
Full textTo think about and see otherness means to be able to comprehend it and represent it, whether it be physical or anthropological. Freaks in the Unites States have been used to talk about eugenics, African American rights, women’s rights or the position of colonized peoples. Whether it was in a dime museum, a circus, a carnival, a World’s Fair or at the movies, the freak stood for the Other, the one the public should not and must not ever be: he epitomized what was forbidden and what went against the rules, physically or culturally. In order to tame the Other, to make it one’s own, he was turned into a child or an animal; in both cases, he then needed a paternalistic society and not political autonomy. It was not an objectification of otherness but its demotion. From the rung of mankind, that he was never allowed to step on, the Other became an animal (wild or tame) or a child who needed to be guided by us
Alla, Koffi Jean. "Les représentations de la société traditionnelle de l'Afrique Noire : du roman colonial au roman contemporain africain." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082195.
Full textTifnouti, Soumaya. "L'islam noir americain : identite et nationalisme." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040045.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to analyse the role of islam as a religion and as an ideology in the black american community. Through a historical discussion of the rise and development of black american islam since slavery, we show the extent to which this religion has always been closely related to black nationalism in the united states. Also, through a field work in baltimore, maryland, we shed light on the psychological and social functions of islam in the black community. The last part of the study is devoted to an analysis of the ideological and political implications of louis farrakhan's nation of islam
Apovo, Constantin. "La Blaxploitation, un autre regard." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0089.
Full textBlaxploitation is oftenly considered as a political genre which is supposd to be the natural continuation of the Black Power and the Civil Rights Movements. We think that this alledged reasons are not true and hide what this cinema really is. A cinema in which struggles for power are at play and a cinema which allowed for the first time to show the African-American culture in a way which was not shown before in mainstream cinema
Chavanelle, Sylvie. "Mémoire individuelle et collective dans les romans de Gayl Jones, Paule Marshall, Toni Morrison, Gloria Naylor et Alice Walker." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070054.
Full textHow individual and collective memory are intertwined. Names contain history, the history of an individual, an family, or a community. Female characters and the elders are the guardians of african-american memory, a memory that includes historical reality, myths and legdns, music, songs and dances, public and private rituals. The language reflcts an ethnic identity and cultural values. The places chosen by the novelists have a symbolic value. The narrative "refigures" time, highlighting various temporal schemes : chronological, "experienced", mythical, sacred, cyclical. The afro-american imagination is at work in the novels by jones, marshall, morrison, naylor and walker
Atséna, Abogo Marie Thérèse. "La réception par des jeunes camerounais de la musique afro-américaine : étude de cas dans deux établissements secondaires au Cameroun." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18251.
Full textSylvanise, Frédéric. "L'idéologie des formes dans le parcours poétique de Langston Hughes." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100133.
Full textThe African-American poet Langston Hughes (1902-1967) has produced a considerable poetic oeuvre. Taking part in the aesthetic moment of the Harlem Renaissance, he stands out by defending the African-American folklore against the upholders of a British tradition of making verse. In his first works, he draws his inspiration from the rhythms of blues and jazz music to compose his poems which make him the mouthpiece of the Black people. The anti-authority ideology of his work is inscribed in his formal choices as much as in the content of the poems which was barely disturbing at the time. Contrary to what he did in the 1920s, he uses the poetic form as a means of Bolshevik propaganda in the 1930s and 1940s. Finally, in his last works, published between 1951 and 1961, he revives the musical experimentations of the 1920s, but in a more complex manner, inherited from Modernist techniques. The influence of Hughes's formal research on other poets is undeniable, especially in the musical field
Cras, Pierre. "Archétypes, caricatures et stéréotypes noirs du cinéma d'animation américain du XXe siècle (1907-1975)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA153.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the notions of archetypes, caricatures and stereotypes as well as their application to black characters in twentieth-century American animated films. In 1907, the very first animated film depicting a black character, “Coon”, was screened. “Coon” came from a long tradition of pejorative depictions that targeted African Americans and defined them down as “others” and “inferiors”. The first regular examples of these representations emerged in American comic strips and were drawn by cartoonists who soon became “animators”. A large part of the ideology and physical representations leading to the creation of these characters was inspired by pseudo-scientific theories that sanctioned black people “inferiority”, graphically and ideologically in the name of pseudo-sciences, including first and foremost physiognomy and phrenology, which first gained influence in Europe before reaching the United States. Vaudeville and Blackface Minstrelsy performances – popular shows that lampooned Black people and were performed by white actors in make-up from the end of the nineteenth century to the 1960s – also played a significant role in the creation of black otherness. The black characters in animated films were a reflection of these three cultural influences and remained unchanged until the 1940s. The negative depictions of African Americans in animated films began to evolve slowly when the United States entered World War II. Slow changes were perceptible through the use of bebop music in such films, although the vast majority of those films remained full of caricatures of Black people. Irrevocable changes rose in the post-war period, from old caricatures to new representations. Increasing demands by African Americans for equal rights created an ambiguity between their integrationist aspirations and the remaining visual traces going back to the period of slavery. The gradual legal gains achieved through their fight in the Civil Rights and Black Power movements led to a new televisual and cinematic imagery, which showed more positive sides of Blackness, despite the persistence of a conformist tone, sometimes out of touch with African American reality. The most faithful reflections of African American experience ultimately came from underground animated movies in the 1970s, in which prostitutes and hustlers added to a new social subtext
Aje, Lawrence. "Entre désir d'intégration et séparatisme socio-racial : naissance et autonomisation des libres de couleur de Charleston, Caroline du Sud, 1790-1865." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS010S.
Full textAs soon as a free population of color made its appearance in 18th century South Carolina, it was perceived as an anomaly. Free people of color were the result of a combination of circumstances. Consequently, their social integration varied through time and depended on whether they were seen as a menace to slavery or if they were considered to represent a stabilizing factor for its sustainability. White South Carolinians formed a united racial front as the sectional tension grew. The reordering of the social hierarchy according to strict racial lines was achieved at the expense of free people of color who were socially marginalized. Far from reaching the desired effect of eliminating them, these social pressures paradoxically partook in fostering free people of color’s sense of a separate identity. Their aspirations for a full social integration progressively developed into a process of autonomisation and velleities of socio-racial separatism
Dubois, Régis. "Le cinéma africain-américain : enjeux politiques et discours idéologiques." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10015.
Full textFoucras, Nicolas. "L'influence du secteur des affaires sur la politique commerciale des pays latino-américains : le cas du secteur agricole au Mexique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24537/24537.pdf.
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