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Graham, Dakeyan Cha' Dre'. "Secondary Band Participation and Executive Function." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5488.
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Data on standardized tests is often used to advocate for the inclusion of music programs in secondary education curriculum. There have been studies that claim to identify a relationship between music participation and higher earned test scores; however, correlation does not necessarily equate to causation. The argument between whether music instruction improves student testing ability or if higher achieving students are attracted to music courses is still prevalent within the music education domain. Executive function represents the processes within the brain that encompass a number of cognitive ability processes used in the transfer of knowledge. These processes are essential to progression and success in education (Caine & Caine, 2006; Chan, et. al., 2008). Research demonstrates that music instruction has the capacity to enhance various executive function processes in young students with previous music instruction and individualized violin training (Bugos, 2010; Ho et al., 2003; Chan et al., 1998). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of secondary music instruction, specifically in the band setting, on executive function processes of processing speeding and working memory. 40 high school students, 20 students who had received previous band instruction and 20 who had not received previous band instruction ages 13 to 18, completed various cognitive and musical assessments to gauge musical ability and cognitive function (measuring attention, working memory, and processing speed). Students from both groups were paired using the Wechsler Abbreviated Intelligence Scale. Analysis of the results demonstrated that students who received prior band instruction demonstrated enhanced processing speed and working memory indices, as well as increased attention abilities.
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CONCETTI, Giorgia. "No biases in the courtroom? Mapping the participation of civil society organizations in the international criminal court’s proceedings." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11384/125283.
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Cullen, Christine. "The effects of aerobic fitness and athletic participation on executive control functioning and motor response selection." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/748.
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Pippin, Mary R. "EXTENT OF PARTICIPATION IN THE STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS BY EXECUTIVE NURSES IN VIRGINIA'S ACUTE CARE HOSPITAL." VCU Scholars Compass, 1987. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5242.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which executive nurses participate in strategic planning for their institutions,and the extent to which these executive nurses utilize the strategic planning process for their nursing departments. The effect of ownership, size, and educational level of the executive nurse on the extent of participation in institutional strategic planning and the utilization of the strategic planning process for their nursing departments was also examined.
The population of the study included all executive nurses employed in short-term, nonmiltary, Virginia hospitals, which were members of the Virginia Hospital Association. Questionnaires were mailed to 114 executive nurses, 60 returned the survey with a response rate of 53 percent. The 60 hospitals included: 14 small institutions (< 99 beds), constituting 24 percent of the sample; 30 medium-sized institutions (100-399 beds), comprising 58 percent of the sample; and 11 large institutions (> 400 beds), constituting 18 percent of the sample. There were 48 not-for-profit institutions constituting 80 percent of the sample, and 12 for profit (investor owned) comprising 20 percent of the sample: and 11 large institutions (> 400 beds), constituting 18 percent of the sample. There were 48 not-for-profit institutions constituting 80 percent of the sample, and 12 for-profit (investor owned) comprising 20 percent of the sample.
The typical nurse executive in this study held a master's degree, had 21-25 total years of nursing experience of which one to five years was at the executive level, and had been in his/her present position one to five years. Slightly over half of nursing departments had long-range plans covering three years or less. The majority of long-range plans for the department of nursing were formulated by the strategic planning process. Participation in hospital strategic planning was influenced by the institution's size and the nurse executive's educational level. Utilization of the strategic planning process for the department of nursing was influenced by neither size nor ownership, only the executive nurse's educational level.
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Frawley, Patsie. "Participation in government disability advisory bodies in Australia : an intellectual disability perspective /." Access full text, 2008. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/thesis/public/adt-LTU20090122.114029/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- La Trobe University, 2008.<br>Research. "A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy [to the] School of Social Work and Social Policy, Faculty of Health Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora". Includes bibliographical references (leaves 302-318)
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Tomlinson-Dykens, Susan Ann. "Executive education programs in the construction industry : an analysis of existing national programs and current industry participation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45718.
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Zhao, Yupei. "Citizen political participation via social media : a case study of Weibo use in Hong Kong's 2012 Chief Executive Election." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/38034.
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Research into the citizen political participation via social media is dominated by two grand narratives. In the first, new media are seen as empowering society, while the second portrays the Internet as the State’s ultimate tool for manipulating citizens. This research employed content analysis, critical discourse analysis and interview to compare and contrast the nature of political participation and deliberation on Weibo in [Hong Kong and mainland] and by [VIPs and causal users] on 2012 Hong Kong Chief Executive Election, and how the online censorship shaped their political participation and deliberation regarding this case. Mixed methods used with theoretical framework (e.g. democracy, digital democracy, deliberative democracy, e-participation and citizenship) in this research has demonstrated the role of Weibo both ‘tool’ ‘forum’ and ‘object’ to understand deliberative democracy while citizens used for political participation and deliberation. Dynamic forms of self-censorship demonstrated how the online censorship shaped the citizens’ political participation and deliberation through dynamic explicit or implicit ways on Weibo in this case.
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Wines, Anna. "Justice for Victims of Crimes Under the Rome Statute : Is Asylum-Seeking Victims’ Access to Participation in National andInternational Criminal Proceedings Ensured?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-61291.
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Lowe, Susan. "Cognitive strategies and school participation for students with learning difficulties." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/7170.
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ABSTRACT Students with learning difficulties comprise one of the main groups of children referred for assessment to Australian occupational therapists. Teachers and parents typically express concern regarding difficulty with participation during school occupations. In particular, teachers and parents describe the cognitive aspects of participation as being a challenge. While much research has focused on the concept of participation for students with physical disabilities, little is known about the impact of cognitive dimensions of a learning difficulty on school participation. There are few ecological assessments which document difficulties with the cognitive aspects of school participation relative to the expectations of task performance. Specifically, there is a lack of standardised assessments which utilise the perspectives of teachers and parents. The initial purpose of this study was to explore the concept of participation and how students with learning difficulties used cognitive strategies to participate successfully in school occupations. The second purpose of the study was to develop a teacher and parent questionnaire that might assist in the occupational therapy assessment of the cognitive aspects of a student’s school participation. A review of the literature was motivated by the need to better understand the construct of participation and to determine how best to measure cognitive strategy use as a component of school participation. The subsequent research was then carried out in three phases. Phase One explored difficulties in school participation using a longitudinal retrospective case study of one student with a learning difficulty over 13 years. In addition, 50 teachers and 44 parents were surveyed regarding participation. Data collected from this phase formed the basis of Phase Two in which a teacher and ii parent questionnaire was constructed following principles of questionnaire construction. An instrument, PRPP@SCHOOL-Version 1(Teacher Questionnaire and Parent Questionnaire), was developed which reflected theoretical and empirical descriptions of cognitive strategies and descriptors used in an existing instrument, the Perceive, Recall, Plan, and Perform (PRPP) System of Task Analysis. These questionnaires, designed to form a companion instrument to the PRPP System of Task Analysis, were trialled on 355 children, referred to a private occupational therapy clinic in Greater Western Sydney. Data were analysed to determine measurement viability. Phase Three of the study comprised reliability and validity testing on the PRPP@SCHOOL-1(TQ & PQ). Intraclass correlations indicated excellent test-retest reliability with a high level of agreement for the PQ. Content validity was determined through consumer review, peer review, and an expert panel review. Discriminant validity testing confirmed that the PRPP@SCHOOL-1(TQ & PQ) was able to differentiate between typically developing students and students with learning difficulties. Construct validity was assessed. Five factors emerged from the analysis which also demonstrated that the PRPP@SCHOOL-1(TQ & PQ) was functioning as a multidimensional measure. Findings indicated that for children in this study, participation in school occupations was undermined by challenges with inefficient cognitive strategy use. Teachers and parents were able to observe and clearly identify these difficulties using the PRPP@SCHOOL-1(TQ & PQ). This research adds a companion instrument to the PRPP System of Task Analysis in the form of teacher and parent questionnaires to be used with students who experience school participation difficulties. In so doing, the research contributes to the expansion of occupation-focused, criterion-referenced ecological instruments recommended by the profession as best practice assessment.
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Mwesigwa, Peter Katonene. "An analysis of the difficulties related to victim participation before the International Criminal Court and the extraordinary chambers in the courts of Cambodia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7360_1373278546.
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<p>By any standard, victim participation is a relatively new phenomenon in international criminal law proceedings. Incredible advances have been made in the effort to end impunity for crimes against <br>umanity, war crimes, genocide and, more recently, aggression. As a result, great strides have been made in ensuring the direct participation of victims of grave violations of human rights <br>in court proceedings against their perpetrators. Prior to this, grave violations of human rights committed during conflicts or periods of mass violence were either largely ignored or even if action <br>was taken, victims of the crimes hardly had a &lsquo<br>say&rsquo<br>in the proceedings. With the advent of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) <br> <br>new dawn in the proceedings of international criminal law has emerged. The statutes that govern the ICC and ECCC have given a voice to victims in court proceeding buy ensuring <br>victims participation.Despite these advances, scholars have criticized victim participation for being inconsistent in its application at the International Criminal Court.1 The criticism has come from <br>scholars who have highlighted the unintended consequences of victim participation in court proceedings, arguing that their participation has resulted in the under- or misrepresentation of the <br>actual experience of survivors of war, mass violence, or repression. These problems have arisen largely because the need to establish the guilt or innocence of the accused and to protect their <br>due process rights, to abide by the rules of evidence and procedure, and to conserve judicial resources all cut against victim-witnesses'ability to tell their stories at these tribunals thereby <br>resulting in a limited, and sometimes inaccurate, record of victims' experience.</p>
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張凱怡 and Hoi-yee Cheung. "Citizen-driven public participation in planning processes within an executive-led government: a case study oflocal action and central harborfront planning." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42930340.
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Cheung, Hoi-yee. "Citizen-driven public participation in planning processes within an executive-led government a case study of local action and central harborfront planning /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42930340.
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Silva, Fabio Lacerda Martins da. "Presidencialismo Estadual e Participação Legislativa em São Paulo (1999 - 2010)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-01032013-123450/.
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O tema deste trabalho é o papel das assembleias legislativas na produção de leis estadual. A relação Executivo-Legislativo vem sendo tema privilegiado dos estudos de política comparada. No caso da política estadual brasileira, o debate girou em tornou do forte predomínio dos governadores sobre as assembleias. Grosso modo, tal predomínio se traduziria na formação de maiorias governistas ad hoc e no baixo grau de participação dos deputados estaduais no processo decisório. Este trabalho apresenta novas evidências sobre o grau de apoio dos parlamentares ao governo estadual, bem como sobre sua participação na produção de leis. A partir de um estudo de caso da relação entre governo e assembleia no estado de São Paulo, no período 1999-2010, argumenta-se que, tal qual sugerido pela literatura pregressa, o grau de apoio legislativo do governo estadual é consideravelmente alto. Além disso, os parlamentares estaduais apresentam um baixo grau de sucesso na aprovação de suas leis, que são, via de regra, pouco relevantes vis-à-vis aquelas produzidas pelo Executivo. Não obstante, a participação parlamentar na produção de leis é baixa mesmo se o indicador utilizado para aferi-la for a modificação via emendas das proposições do Executivo. As evidências apresentadas neste trabalho indicam que, muito embora as suposições da literatura sobre o alto grau de apoio logrado pelo governo e a baixa participação parlamentar estejam corretas, as explicações dadas para tanto negligenciaram variáveis importantes. A hipótese apresentada aqui é que a baixa participação parlamentar se explicaria sobretudo pelo arranjo federativo brasileiro. A alta concentração de competências na União, de um lado, e a obrigação de que a relação entre os poderes estaduais seja simétrica àquela encontrada no nível federal, de outro, impõem aos parlamentares estaduais fortes limitações na produção de leis. O trabalho indica, ainda, que o baixo grau de participação parlamentar seria uma das principais variáveis explicativas para a formação de grandes coalizões legislativas nos estados. Um ambiente de restrição severa na produção de normas tornaria a própria clivagem entre governo e oposição sem sentido.<br>The main theme of this thesis is the role of state assemblies in the policy making process. Legislative-Executive relations have been a privileged theme of research in comparative politics. Regarding brazilian state politics, the debate has stressed the strong prevalence of governors over state assemblies. In short, such prevalence means the formation of strong ad hoc legislative majorities and a low degree of legislators impact on the policy making process. This thesis presents new evidence on the degree of state governments legislative support. Drawing on a case study about Legislative-Executive relations in the state of São Paulo (1999-2010), it argues that, as suggested by previous literature, state governments benefit from a strong legislative support. Besides, state legislators present a low degree of success of bills approval, which are usually of little relevance. Still, the impact of legislators on legislative process is low even if one considers the effect of legislators amendments on governors bills. Evidence presented here indicate that, although the assumptions of previous literature about state governments strong legislative support and the low impact of legislators are correct, the explanations for such phenomena neglect important variables. The main hypothesis presented here is that the low impact of legislators on the legislative process is explained rather by the design of brazilian federation. On the one hand, the high concentration of policy areas on the federal government, and, on the other, the fact that state Legislative-Executive relations must replicate its federal counterpart, impose a strong limitation on legislators influence on the legislative process. Still, it is argued that this limitation is a major explanation for the strong legislative coalitions that support state governments. An environment of severe restriction on legislative production make the cleavage between government and opposition pointless.
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Vaflor, Amy Louise. "Advanced Practice Registered Nurses and Medical Executive Committee Membership: A Quality Improvement Proposal." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1616670175777308.
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Katonene, Peter Mwesigwa. "An analysis of the difficulties related to victim participation before the International Criminal Court and the Extraordinary Chambers in the courts of Cambodia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4578.
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Magister Legum - LLM<br>By any standard, victim participation is a relatively new phenomenon in international criminal law proceedings. Incredible advances have been made in the effort to end impunity for crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide and, more recently, aggression. As a result, great strides have been made in ensuring the direct participation of victims of grave violations of human rights in court proceedings against their perpetrators. Prior to this, grave violations of human rights committed during conflicts or periods of mass violence were either largely ignored or even if action was taken, victims of the crimes hardly had a ‘say’ in the proceedings. With the advent of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) a new dawn in the proceedings of international criminal law has emerged. The statutes that govern the ICC and ECCC have given a voice to victims in court proceeding buy ensuring victims participation. Despite these advances, scholars have criticized victim participation for being inconsistent in its application at the International Criminal Court. The criticism has come from scholars who have highlighted the unintended consequences of victim participation in court proceedings, arguing that their participation has resulted in the under- or misrepresentation of the actual experience of survivors of war, mass violence, or repression. These problems have arisen largely because the need to establish the guilt or innocence of the accused and to protect their due process rights, to abide by the rules of evidence and procedure, and to conserve judicial resources all cut against victim-witnesses' ability to tell their stories at these tribunals thereby resulting in a limited, and sometimes inaccurate, record of victims' experience. Background: The idea that victims should be allowed to participate in international criminal proceedings stems from a broader movement over the last several decades advocating for restorative, as opposed to merely retributive justice. Proponents of this restorative justice movement maintain that “justice should not only address traditional retributive justice, i.e., punishment of the guilty, but should also provide a measure of restorative justice by, inter alia, allowing victims to participate in the proceedings and by providing compensation to victims for their injuries.” In other words, advocates of this movement believe that criminal justice mechanisms should serve the interests of victims, in addition to punishing wrongdoers, and that the participation of victims in criminal proceedings is an integral part of serving victims' interests. Although the concept of victim participation in criminal proceedings is not easily defined, it has been described as victims “being in control, having a say, being listened to, or being treated with dignity and respect.” Human rights activists supported the concept for several reasons. Many believed, as did victim advocates more generally, that participation in criminal proceedings has a number of potential restorative benefits, including the promotion of victims' “healing and rehabilitation.” Indeed, in its recommendations to the Preparatory Committee on the Establishment of the International Criminal Court (Preparatory Committee I), “participation is significant not only to protecting the rights of the victim at various stages of the proceeding, but also to advancing the process of healing from trauma and degradation.” Some believed that victim participation would bring the court “closer to the persons who have suffered atrocities” and thus increase the likelihood that victims would be satisfied that justice was done. set of recommendations on the ICC elements of crimes and rules of procedure and evidence, noted “the right of victims to participate in the proceedings was included in the Rome Statute to ensure that the process is as respectful and transparent as possible so that justice can be seen to be done . . .” Finally, and significantly for the purpose of this study, human rights activists thought that victim participation might help address the under- or misrepresentation of the experiences of victims. Research questions and objectives of the study: The question this research paper poses is whether victim participation has increased the visibility of the actual lived experience of survivors in the context of war, mass violence, or repression? Under the Rome Statute, victims of the world's most serious crimes were given unprecedented rights to participate in proceedings before the court. Nearly a decade later, a similar scheme was established to allow victims to participate as civil parties in the proceedings before the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, created with UN support to prosecute atrocities committed by leaders of the Khmer Rouge during the period of 1975 to 1979. Although there are some significant differences in how the schemes work at the ICC and ECCC, both courts allow victims to participate in criminal proceedings independent of their role as witnesses for either the prosecution or defence. In other words, both have victim participation schemes intended to give victims a voice in the proceedings. Have these new participation schemes before the ICC and ECCC, in fact, helped in satisfying the victims? What impact have they had on the ability of survivors of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide to tell their story and to talk about their experiences in their own words? In particular, has victim participation enabled more of them to tell their stories than would have been possible under the more traditional adversarial model employed by the ad hoc tribunals such as the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). Has it allowed them to expand the historical record produced by these tribunals with narratives that would otherwise have been left out because of prosecutorial or judicial decisions not to prosecute violations committed against them? Has it enabled victims to communicate a richer, more nuanced picture of their experiences than they were able to in the context of prior tribunals? The aim is to explore whether these novel victim participation schemes, as implemented by the ICC and ECCC thus far, have actually allowed for greater recognition of victims' voices and experiences than was possible in proceedings before their predecessor tribunals. Have these schemes actually allowed victims to communicate a fuller and more nuanced picture of their experiences than they would have been able to do as victim-witnesses before the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)? In other words, can the victim participation schemes at the ICC answer the call for increased visibility of the actual lived experience of survivors of human rights violations in the context of war, mass violence, or repression?.
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Marshall, Chris. "Is there a relationship between cognitive executive functioning and independent community participation social inclusion in a sample of adults with a learning disability?" Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659115.
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Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is considered to be a complex and difficult disorder to treat effectively due to manifestations that affect many aspects of social and psychological functioning. Of most concern for services treating BPD is the frequency of suicidal and parasuicidal behaviour that requires inpatient hospitalisation. NICE guidelines (2009) currently recommend psychological therapies for BPD that are not brief (less than three months). Two of these are Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) which is rooted in the principles of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and the psychodynamically orientated Mentalisation Based Therapy. Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT) examining clinical 'fficacy of each therapy reveals evidence that both treatments are potentially successful in reducing suicidal and parasuicidal behaviour compared to standard psychiatric treatment. RCTs ofMBT and related follow-ups were conducted by the Oliginator ofMBT so require independent replications. Isolation of the individual components of MBT is also recommended in order to examine the influence of each component on improvements in functioning of BPD clients. Additional examination of clinical efficacy and cost effectiveness requires RCTs of both treatment modalities that utilise larger sample sizes and consistent measures so that cost effectiveness can be more accurately predicted. An RCT that directly compares MBT with DBT is recommended in order to make more meaningful conclusions about relative clinical and cost effectiveness.
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Jägers, Erika, and Cecilia Tommos. "Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för barn och ungdomar med exekutiv dysfunktion som kan möjliggöra delaktighet i skolaktivitet. : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79104.
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Syfte. Syftet med studien var att beskriva arbetsterapeutiska interventioner riktade mot barn och ungdomar 6 - 17 år med nedsatt aktivitetsförmåga härledd till exekutiv dysfunktion, som kan möjliggöra delaktighet i skolaktivitet.Metod. För att besvara studiens syfte genomfördes en litteraturöversikt inom arbetsterapi. En allmän litteraturöversikt valdes för att skapa en beskrivande och syntetiserande sammanställning inom det avgränsade området. Resultatet av litteraturöversikten baseras på tolv artiklar. Dataanalysen skedde genom kvalitetsgranskning och artiklarnas innehåll granskades utifrån studiens frågeställningar samt utefter OTIPM:s fyra interventionsmodeller. Resultat. Resultatet gav åtta olika arbetsterapeutiska interventioner varav sex av de åtta interventionerna var aktivitetsinriktade och baserades på barnets/ungdomens prioriterade aktivitetsmål. Interventionerna går ut på att utveckla strategier vilka ska vara överförbara till olika miljöer. Två av interventionerna var funktionsinriktade. Slutsatser. Resultatet indikerar på vikten av samordnade insatser på individ-, grupp- och organisatorisk nivå, detta för att möjliggöra delaktighet i aktivitet för barnet/ungdomen med exekutiv dysfunktion. Hur stödjande och förstående föräldrar, vänner och skolpersonal är bidrar till hur lyckade strategierna blir och hur delaktig barnet/ungdomen känner sig i sina aktiviteter.<br>Purpose. The purpose of the study was to describe occupational therapeutic interventions aimed at children and adolescents 6 - 17 years with reduced activity ability derived from executive dysfunction, which may enable participation in school activity.Method. To answer the purpose of the study, a literature review in occupational therapy was conducted. A general literature review was chosen to create a descriptive and synthesizing compilation within the delimited field. The results of the literature review are based on twelve articles. The data analysis was done through quality review and the content of the articles was examined on the basis of the study's questions and on OTIPM:s four intervention models. Results. The result yielded eight different occupational therapeutic interventions, of which six of the eight interventions were activity-oriented and were based on the child / adolescent's priority activity goals. The interventions are designed to develop strategies that should be transferable to different environments. Two of the interventions were function-oriented.Conclusions. The result indicates the importance of coordinated efforts at individual, group and organizational level, to enable participation in activity for the child / youth with executive dysfunction. How supportive and understanding parents, friends and school staff are is how successful the strategies become and how involved the child / youth feel in their activities.
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Сало, Андрій Богданович. "Співвідповідач у адміністративному процесі (процесуальна співучасть)". Diss., Національний університет "Львівська політехніка", 2021. https://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/56256.
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Смотрич, Дмитро Володимирович. "Процесуально-правові засади виконання судових рішень в адміністративних справах". Diss., Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, 2021. https://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/56770.
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Malapane, Anthony Tshwarelo. "The effects of the oversight role of legislatures in promoting good governance in South Africa with specific reference to the Gauteng legislature." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2918.
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Thesis (Ph. D. (Public Administration)) --University of Limpopo, 2019<br>South Africa continues to experiment with democracy after 23 years since its rebirth in 1994. The country‘s democracy is still developing towards greater transparency, full participation and accountability. Development depends on the existence of strong and vibrant institutions of accountability in the face of the challenges that threaten to reverse the gains made since the advent of democracy. Among such institutions is the legislature, which is the focus of this study. The study probes the oversight role of legislatures in South Africa. Oversight has become a subject of interest in the field of Public Administration as it is viewed as the mandate of legislatures to hold the government to account for managing public resources in the course of conducting public affairs. This study broadens the understanding of oversight by examining crucial relations between the legislature and the executive, and by providing insight into the legislature‘s ability and capacity to carry out the oversight mandate. This is mainly because in most developing countries, the legislative sector, and particularly African legislatures have been categorised as weak. They are generally censured to have institutional weaknesses and limited decision-making role. There are, however, common challenges, including but not limited to lack of capacity, the dominance of the executive and its reluctance to cooperate, and lack of political will attributed to various factors. These challenges are intensified by the legislature‘s perceived inability to deal with emerging issues. Studies previously conducted in the Gauteng Legislature have affirmed some of these challenges, including among others, lack of independence and capacity issues when exercising its oversight role. However, the literature pointed to increased oversight activities in democratic legislatures over the years. Although increase in oversight activities is acknowledged in the study, literature on oversight effectiveness is scant.
From the foregoing, the aim of the study was to examine whether the oversight role of legislatures has effects in terms of the promotion of good governance, particularly executive transparency and accountability as well as public involvement. In addition to focusing on the relationship between the executive and the legislature, ability and capacity of the legislature, the study also set out to determine the extent to which the public participates in oversight processes of legislatures. The study concentrated on the Gauteng Legislature, and focused on the work of Portfolio Committees as they are responsible for the day to day oversight work of legislatures. The literature reviewed points out to the complex nature of the legislative oversight setting based on the systems of governance adopted in a country, which has an influence on the relationship between the executive and the legislature, and in turn, on oversight. The study has employed a qualitative approach, with the data collected utilising semistructured in-depth personal interviews, participant observation and document analysis. Semi-structured personal interviews were the main data collection tool utilised to collect primary data from the participants. The participants were selected utilising non-probability (purposive) sampling to target participants with knowledge and experience on the subject matter to attain the objectives of the study. In addition, the participant observation and document analysis were used to collect both primary and secondary data to supplement the interviews with the respondents. This was mainly to respond to the contention of this study.
The study argues that the legislature through its oversight role has the ability and capacity to promote transparency and accountability as well as public involvement. The findings of this study suggest that to a certain extent, the oversight role might have positive effects on promoting executive transparency and accountability. However, the findings have pointed out some serious shortcomings regarding the extent to which the public participates in the oversight work of the legislature. This is regardless of the efforts made by the legislature to establish platforms to ensure that the public participates in the oversight role to hold the executive accountable. Furthermore, the study has found that Portfolio Committees are a suitable mechanism to hold the executive to account as among others, the Members of the Provincial Legislature (MPLs) work well together. There are improved relations between the Gauteng government departments and committees. The departments are responsive; yet there are still challenges leading to the elusion of accountability, with limited or no consequences. The study recommends inter alia, follow-up on oversight activities; committee action against the executive‘s reluctance; strengthening the role of research; and regular interactions between the executive and the legislature.
Keywords
Accountability, Committees, Democracy, Executive, Government, Governance, Good Governance, Legislature, Performance, Public Participation, Service Delivery, Transparency, Political Parties, and Oversight.
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Santos, Samuel Moura. "Maiorias, minorias e oposição: participação legislativa no presidencialismo e coalizão brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-28062012-164532/.
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Esta dissertação pretende discutir como se dá, em termos propositivos, a participação daqueles atores que se situam fora da coalizão ministerial de governo. Tendo por objeto a produção das leis, propõem-se observar como se resolvem institucionalmente os conflitos. Tomando por base que Presidentes buscam formar coalizões que contam com a maioria das cadeiras do parlamento - medida suficiente, em teoria, para aprovar sua agenda de governo - pretende-se questionar em que grau se dá a participação da minoria e daqueles atores que não fazem parte da coalizão de governo. Para tanto, faremos um contraponto com os governos minoritários, comparando as chances de participação efetiva dos dois blocos, em termos proporcionais, ou seja, em relação ao número de cadeiras que ocupam. O trabalho mostra como a participação dos atores que se situam fora da coalizão de governo pode indicar a existência de um consenso legislativo que extrapola os limites dos partidos que compõem o governo, independente deste compor coalizões majoritárias ou não - se estendendo até mesmo aos partidos tidos como de oposição. Ao final do trabalho, mostrarei como esses partidos, normalmente tidos como de oposição, também participam do processo de formulação das políticas. Pretende-se aqui suprir a lacuna deixada pela literatura especializada que, ao voltar seu foco de preocupação para a governabilidade do sistema presidencialista deixa a descoberto a participação positiva daqueles atores que não compõem a coalizão de governo.<br>This dissertation intends to discuss, in propositional terms, the participation of those actors who are outside the ministerial coalition of the Brazilian government. With the focus on the production of laws, we propose to observe how institutional conflicts are solved. Considering that Presidents seek to form coalitions as a way to have a majority of seats in Parliament a sufficient measure, in theory, to approve the governmental agenda - we question to what extent the minority and those actors that are outside of the government coalition are able to participate in this process. To this end, we contrast majority and minority governments, comparing the chances of effective participation of the two blocks, in proportional terms, which means taking into account the number of seats occupied by each side. The work shows how the participation of those actors who are outside the governmental coalition can indicate the existence of a legislative consensus that is bigger than the sum of the political parties that are members of the government coalition, regardless of the fact that this is a majority coalition or not extending itself to parties that are regarded as opposition. At the end of the work, we show how the parties usually taken as the opposition are also able to participate in the formulation of policies. The intention here is to fill a gap left by the literature that, focusing on the success of presidential system of governance does not take into account the positive participation of those actors positioned outside the government coalition.
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Dezallai, Amanda. "Réflexions sur les statuts de victime en droit international pénal." Thesis, Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE0003.
Full textAbstract:
À ce moment charnière où les T.P.I. accomplissent leurs Stratégies d’achèvement et où la C.P.I. va rendre son premier jugement, il est essentiel de faire un point sur le droit international pénal et particulièrement sur les statuts de victime selon ce droit. En effet, ceux-ci symbolisent les tenants et aboutissants de l’ensemble du droit international pénal. Tantôt oubliée, tantôt sacralisée, la victime ne laisse pas indifférent, et encore moins lorsqu’elle a subi un crime international. Sa reconnaissance a d’ailleurs bouleversé l’économie générale du droit international pénal qui lui accorde une place de plus en plus grande. Une étude approfondie des droits des différentes juridictions permet de constater qu’il n’y a pas un mais plusieurs statuts de victime. La pluralité de ces statuts réside dans l’existence de plusieurs qualités juridiques de victime et de plusieurs régimes juridiques applicables à celle-ci. L’analyse des différents facteurs de cette pluralité donne lieu de voir qu’elle est une force et non une faiblesse du droit international pénal. Elle est la voie médiane entre le rejet de la considération des victimes comme une masse informe et leur impossible prise en compte individuelle. Mais, comme pour le statut du particulier en droit international public général, l’équilibre est parfois difficile à trouver et les statuts sont perfectibles. C’est pourquoi, des propositions d’enrichissements des statuts de victime sont faites et, pour chacune d’entre elles, il est observé si elle est réalisable et souhaitable. Un système de justice pénale internationale serait en construction. La victime pourrait finir par trouver une place en son sein qui satisferait l’ensemble des protagonistes de la répression des crimes internationaux, y compris et surtout, les États<br>While the ICT carry out their Completion Strategies, the ICC will soon pronounce its first decision. At this point, itis important to assess international criminal law and especially victim’s status according to this law. Actually, theysymbolise the ins and outs of international criminal law. Once forgotten, once sacralised, the victim never leavesus indifferent, above all a victim of international crimes. His or her recognition has deeply altered internationalcriminal law, which now gives him or her an increasing place. Studying the laws of the international criminal courtsshows that there is not one status but several status of victim. This plurality comes from the fact that there areseveral legal characterisations of victim and several legal conditions. The analysis of the different factors leadingto this multiplicity of legal status enables us to envision this legal diversity as a power of international criminal law,rather than one of its weaknesses. It is the middle way between considering victims as a shapeless, undefinedand undifferentiated crowd and considering each victim individually. But, as with the status of private persons ininternational public law, reaching and keeping a well-balanced status is difficult ; and these are perfectible andcan be improved. This is the reason why some suggestions for the enrichment of the different status are madeand, for each of them, there is a thorough questioning and analysis of whether it is feasible and desirable. As aninternational criminal justice system is under construction, the victim could find a place in it which would satisfy allthe protagonists of the legal proceedings against international crimes, including and particularly States
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Jolivet, Anne. "La participation des citoyens à la fonction de juger en France et en Italie : une étude socio-anthropologique du jury populaire en cour d’assises." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20127.
Full textAbstract:
L’objectif de cette recherche est de comparer les jurys criminels français et italien à travers une étude socio-anthropologique de la pratique judiciaire observable dans les cours d’assises. Il s’agit de rendre compte des différents aspects de l’expérience vécue par les jurés en étudiant minutieusement le rituel judiciaire ainsi que les interactions et relations qui se jouent entre les profanes et les professionnels de la justice le temps d’une session. Quels sont les résultats principaux qui émergent de la comparaison des jurys populaires français et italien ? Ils sont essentiellement de trois ordres. Premièrement, l’observation du « droit en mouvement » révèle que, malgré les similitudes des deux systèmes étudiés sur le plan théorique, la mise en œuvre pratique de la participation des citoyens au jugement des crimes est différente entre la France et l’Italie. Il est alors possible d’en détailler les mécanismes de fonctionnement au regard de la culture juridique de chacun des pays étudiés et en retour, les caractéristiques de chacun des jurys nous apportent des informations sur les mœurs démocratiques française et italienne. Deuxièmement, le jury populaire apparaît comme une « institution de sociabilité » pour les individus appelés à siéger temporairement à la cour d’assises. Cette dimension socialisante influence de manière décisive l’« expérience authentique » vécue par les jurés, et en fait une « expérience directe » de la souffrance d’autrui et du fonctionnement de la démocratie. Troisièmement, la comparaison des jurys criminels français et italien permet de rappeler la modernité et les enjeux actuels liés à la présence des profanes au sein de l’institution judiciaire. Le jury populaire peut être considéré comme une « institution bonne » capable à la fois de redonner de la crédibilité à l’institution judiciaire, de fournir aux acteurs professionnels la possibilité de « ré enchanter » leur quotidien, et enfin d’orchestrer une prise de conscience individuelle pour les jurés sur l’importance de leur participation pour le maintien du lien social<br>The purpose of the research is to compare French and Italian juries through a socio-anthropological study of judicial practice in criminal courts. It reports on the different experiences of jurors by carefully studying court procedure, as well as the interactions and relations between laymen and legal professionals within a session.What are the main findings that emerge from comparing French and Italian juries? They can broadly be divided into three parts. Firstly, observation of "the law in motion" reveals that, despite the theoretical similarities between the two systems, the practicalities of involving citizens in judging crimes are different in France and Italy. It is then possible to examine the mechanics in view of the legal culture in both countries and, in return, the characteristics of their juries give us an insight into France and Italy’s democratic values. Secondly, juries appear to be a "socializing institution" for individuals who are required to attend court. This element of socialization has a decisive influence on the "authentic experience" of jurors, making it a "direct experience" of the suffering of others and the functioning of democracy. Thirdly, comparing French and Italian juries provides an opportunity to reflect on modern times and the current issues surrounding the presence of laymen within the judiciary. Juries may be seen as a "worthy" institution able to restore the credibility of the judicial system, stimulate legal professionals and raise individual awareness amongst jurors of the importance of their participation in maintaining social cohesion<br>L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è di mettere a confronto la giuria popolare francese con quella italiana sviluppando uno studio socio-antropologico basato sulla pratica giudiziaria osservabile nelle corte d’assise. Si è cercato di mostrare le differenze nel modo di vivere l’esperienza di giurato osservando accuratamente, per ciascuno dei due contesti, il rituale giudiziario, le interazioni e le relazioni tra componenti laici e togati presenti durante una sessione. Quali sono i principali risultati che emergono del paragone delle giurie popolari francesi e italiane? Ne emergono soprattutto tre. Primo, sebbene ci siano delle somiglianze dell’impianto teorico su cui si fondano i due sistemi della giuria popolare, l’osservazione del “diritto in movimento” rivela quanto il loro funzionamento pratico sia diverso. Si descrivono nei dettagli i meccanismi del funzionamento della giuria popolare mettendoli in rapporto con la cultura giuridica di ogni paese mostrandoci, allo specchio, le caratteristiche dei loro costumi democratici. Secondo, la giuria popolare appare come un’“istituzione di sociabilità” per chi vi prende parte. La dimensione sociale influisce sull’“esperienza autentica” vissuta dai giurati agendo direttamente sul modo di percepire la sofferenza altrui e del funzionamento dei processi democratici. Terzo, il confronto tra giuria francese e italiana ci permette di porre l’accento sull’attuale modernità di questa istituzione e sulle sue implicazioni nella procedura penale. La giuria popolare può essere considerata come un’”istituzione buona” in grado di contribuire all’attendibilità del procedimento giuridico, di conferire autorevolezza alla pratica quotidiana dei magistrati togati e di indurre la consapevolezza, in ogni giudice popolare, dell’importanza della sua partecipazione attiva per il mantenimento del legame sociale
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Garnotel, Guillaume. "Causes et conséquences sur la performance de l'entreprise de l'introduction d'incitations financières dans les contrats de rémunération des dirigeants." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32080.
Full textAbstract:
La rémunération des dirigeants est au centre des débats sur la gouvernance d’entreprise. La présente recherche a ouvert deux volets empiriques distincts pour nourrir ce débat. Dans le premier volet d’études empiriques, nous avons examiné la possibilité que les dirigeants profitent de leur pouvoir sur le conseil d’administration pour extraire des rentes économiques sous la forme d’actions gratuites et de stock-options. Puis, nous avons testé l’impact des incitations financières détenues par le dirigeant sur la performance de l’entreprise. Sur la base d’un échantillon de 510 entreprises-années extraites du SBF 120, nos résultats rejettent l’hypothèse d’extraction de rentes. Ensuite, nos résultats suggèrent que les dirigeants détiennent, en moyenne, le niveau optimal d’incitations financières permettant de maximiser la performance. Dans notre second volet d’études empiriques, nous avons souhaité évaluer le bien-fondé de la pratique de gestion consistant à intégrer des mesures d’innovation dans les contrats de rémunération. Sur la base d’un échantillon d’entreprises de haute et de basse technologie du S&P500, nos résultats semblent confirmer le bien-fondé de cette politique de rémunération. En effet, nous avons observé que la proportion d’entreprises dont les bonus des dirigeants intègrent une mesure de l’innovation est plus forte pour les entreprises des secteurs de haute technologie par rapport aux entreprises de basse technologie. Ensuite, nos résultats suggèrent que les entreprises de haute technologie qui intègrent des mesures d’innovation dans le bonus des dirigeants sont plus performantes que celles qui n’y ont pas recours<br>CEO compensation is at the core of the debates on corporate governance. This research has opened two different areas of empirical inquiry to enrich this debate. In our first area of inquiry, we investigate the possibility for CEOs to take advantage of their power on the board to extract economic rents in the form of restricted shares and stock-options. Then, we test the impact of CEO equity incentives on firm performance. On the basis of a sample of 510 SBF120 firm-year, our results reject the rent extraction hypothesis. Then, our results suggest that CEO hold, on average, the optimal level of equity incentives enabling the maximization of performance. In our second area of empirical inquiry, we examine the performance consequences that follow the use of innovation measures in CEO bonus contracts. The results, drawn from a sample of S&P500 high technology firms and low technology firms, support the relevance of this compensation policy. Indeed, we observe that the proportion of firms which CEO bonuses have integrated an innovation measure is higher for high technology firms compared with low technology firms. Moreover, we find that high technology firms whose CEO bonus incorporates R&D measures perform better than firms which rely on other types of financial and non financial measures in defining the CEO bonus
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Dezallai, Amanda. "Réflexions sur les statuts de victime en droit international pénal." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE0003.
Full textAbstract:
À ce moment charnière où les T.P.I. accomplissent leurs Stratégies d’achèvement et où la C.P.I. va rendre son premier jugement, il est essentiel de faire un point sur le droit international pénal et particulièrement sur les statuts de victime selon ce droit. En effet, ceux-ci symbolisent les tenants et aboutissants de l’ensemble du droit international pénal. Tantôt oubliée, tantôt sacralisée, la victime ne laisse pas indifférent, et encore moins lorsqu’elle a subi un crime international. Sa reconnaissance a d’ailleurs bouleversé l’économie générale du droit international pénal qui lui accorde une place de plus en plus grande. Une étude approfondie des droits des différentes juridictions permet de constater qu’il n’y a pas un mais plusieurs statuts de victime. La pluralité de ces statuts réside dans l’existence de plusieurs qualités juridiques de victime et de plusieurs régimes juridiques applicables à celle-ci. L’analyse des différents facteurs de cette pluralité donne lieu de voir qu’elle est une force et non une faiblesse du droit international pénal. Elle est la voie médiane entre le rejet de la considération des victimes comme une masse informe et leur impossible prise en compte individuelle. Mais, comme pour le statut du particulier en droit international public général, l’équilibre est parfois difficile à trouver et les statuts sont perfectibles. C’est pourquoi, des propositions d’enrichissements des statuts de victime sont faites et, pour chacune d’entre elles, il est observé si elle est réalisable et souhaitable. Un système de justice pénale internationale serait en construction. La victime pourrait finir par trouver une place en son sein qui satisferait l’ensemble des protagonistes de la répression des crimes internationaux, y compris et surtout, les États<br>While the ICT carry out their Completion Strategies, the ICC will soon pronounce its first decision. At this point, itis important to assess international criminal law and especially victim’s status according to this law. Actually, theysymbolise the ins and outs of international criminal law. Once forgotten, once sacralised, the victim never leavesus indifferent, above all a victim of international crimes. His or her recognition has deeply altered internationalcriminal law, which now gives him or her an increasing place. Studying the laws of the international criminal courtsshows that there is not one status but several status of victim. This plurality comes from the fact that there areseveral legal characterisations of victim and several legal conditions. The analysis of the different factors leadingto this multiplicity of legal status enables us to envision this legal diversity as a power of international criminal law,rather than one of its weaknesses. It is the middle way between considering victims as a shapeless, undefinedand undifferentiated crowd and considering each victim individually. But, as with the status of private persons ininternational public law, reaching and keeping a well-balanced status is difficult ; and these are perfectible andcan be improved. This is the reason why some suggestions for the enrichment of the different status are madeand, for each of them, there is a thorough questioning and analysis of whether it is feasible and desirable. As aninternational criminal justice system is under construction, the victim could find a place in it which would satisfy allthe protagonists of the legal proceedings against international crimes, including and particularly States
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Souza, João Ricardo Carvalho de. "A participação do poder legislativo na política externa brasileira - áreas de economia e Mercosul - nos governos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e no primeiro governo de Luis Inácio Lula da Silva." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4700.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho analisou o papel do Legislativo na política externa brasileira (PEB), para verificar se sua atuação nesse tema é independente ou se ele se restringe a ser mera instância burocrática, no processo de aperfeiçoamento do ato internacional. Tomando para universo de pesquisa os atos internacionais, encaminhados para referendo do Congresso Nacional nos dois Governos de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e no primeiro Governo Lula, que versavam sobre Economia e Mercosul, o estudo, utilizando como elementos de análise os conceitos de compatibilidade e consenso e o tempo de tramitação, avaliou a correlação entre o tempo de tramitação do ato internacional no Executivo e o seu tempo de tramitação nas duas Casas do Congresso Nacional para determinar se, no processo legislativo de referendo, houve submissão da vontade do Legislativo à do Executivo; cooperação com o Executivo; ou atuação independente, em oposição ao Executivo, na defesa de interesses de grupos de pressão com capacidade para interferir nos trabalhos legislativos. Os resultados encontrados indicaram a ocorrência, no decorrer do processo legislativo de referendo do ato internacional, de duas dessas três situações. As Casas do Congresso Nacional, no exercício de suas atribuições constitucionais, tanto atuam em coordenação, para acelerar o processo de referendo ou para retardá-lo, como em oposição ao Executivo, dando espaço para grupos de pressão interferirem no processo de referendo do ato internacional, sendo que a singularidade da participação do Legislativo na política externa brasileira, a qual induz a que não seja reconhecida a importância do papel que ele desempenha no tema, é o fato de que sua atuação não se dá, preferencialmente, pela apresentação de emendas ou rejeição do ato internacional, mas pelo uso do tempo de tramitação do processo legislativo de referendo como instrumento de manifestação de sua posição em relação ao conteúdo desse ato
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Логвиненко, Аліса Олександрівна, та Logvinenko A. O. "Процесуальна компетенція органів публічної адміністрації: теорія та практика реалізації". Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/41398.
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Логвиненко А.О. Процесуальна компетенція органів публічної адміністрації: теорія та практика реалізації. Дис.... к.ю.н., спец.: 12.00.07. Київ, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020, 238 с.<br>Дисертаційне дослідження спрямоване на визначення сутності, змісту процесуальної компетенції органів публічної адміністрації, визначення її принципів, а також видів форм її реалізації, формулювання на цій основі конкретних пропозицій щодо вдосконалення чинного адміністративного законодавства, окреслення напрямів його подальшого розвитку. Систематизовано наукові дослідження щодо сутності процесуальної компетенції органів публічної адміністрації та її розмежування із суміжними правовими поняттями. Обґрунтовано науковий підхід щодо характеристики сутності процесуальної компетенції органів публічної адміністрації, за якого необхідно ураховувати елементи правового статусу таких органів у адміністративних провадженнях. Надано теоретико-правову характеристику органів публічної адміністрації. Надано характеристику процесуальній компетенції органів публічної адміністрації у позасудових адміністративних юрисдикційних провадженнях. Надано характеристику процесуальній компетенції органів публічної адміністрації в судовому адміністративному процесі. Окреслено напрями вдосконалення процесуальної компетенції органів публічної адміністрації як суб’єктів проваджень: у справах про адміністративні правопорушення; за скаргами громадян в органах публічної адміністрації; дисциплінарних проваджень. Визначено перспективні засади розвитку процедурної форми розгляду скарг. Диссертационное исследование направлено на определение сущности, содержания процессуальной компетенции органов публичной администрации, определение ее принципов, а также видов форм ее реализации, формулирование на этой основе конкретных предложений по совершенствованию действующего административного законодательства, определение направлений его дальнейшего развития. Систематизированы научные исследования о сущности процессуальной компетенции органов публичной администрации и ее разграничения со смежными правовыми понятиями. Обоснован научный подход к характеристике сущности процессуальной компетенции органов публичной администрации, при котором необходимо учитывать элементы правового статуса таких органов в административных производствах. Представлена теоретико-правовая характеристика органов публичной администрации. Охарактеризована процессуальная компетенция органов публичной администрации во внесудебных административных юрисдикционных производствах. Охарактеризована процессуальная компетенция органов публичной администрации в судебном административном процессе. Определены направления совершенствования процессуальной компетенции органов публичной администрации как субъектов производств: по делам об административных правонарушениях; по жалобам граждан в органах публичной администрации; дисциплинарных производств. Определены перспективные основы развития процедурной формы рассмотрения жалоб. The dissertation research is aimed at determining the essence, content of the procedural competence of public administration bodies, defining its principles, as well as types of its implementation, formulating on this basis concrete proposals for improvement of the existing administrative legislation, outlining the directions of its further development.
The scientific researches on the essence of the procedural competence of public administration bodies and its differentiation with related legal concepts have been systematized. The scientific approach to characterizing the essence of the procedural competence of public administration bodies is substantiated.
A scientific view on the definition of public administration bodies as a system of executive bodies and local self-government bodies which are delegated powers of the executive power is supported.
The concept has been formulated and the types of procedural forms of exercising competence by public administration bodies have been defined. The essence of the procedural competence of public administration bodies is characterized by taking into account the elements of the legal status of such bodies in administrative proceedings. The following elements define: the task of participating in the conduct of a particular entity; the scope of his competence, which is determined by the rules of administrative substantive law. The content of these elements in a particular administrative procedure is determined by the rules that determine its procedural form. The expediency of classifying these forms by the criterion of the tasks performed is substantiated. This criterion identifies proceedings aimed at: resolving disputes and / or bringing a person to justice (jurisdictional); management tasks (non-jurisdictional).
As the administrative jurisdiction is exercised (implemented) in the procedural form, the following administrative jurisdictional proceedings are distinguished: a) proceedings before the administrative courts; b) proceedings for the application of measures of administrative coercion; c) disciplinary proceedings.
Criteria for delimitation of procedural competence of public administration bodies in administrative jurisdictional and administrative non-jurisdictional proceedings are defined.
Characterization of procedural competence of public administration bodies in extrajudicial administrative jurisdiction proceedings is given. The necessity to consider the procedural competence of public authorities in extrajudicial administrative jurisdictional proceedings not only from the point of view of the totality of their rights, duties and powers in these proceedings, but also must include legal personality as an ability to participate in these proceedings. It is stated that there are grounds for systematizing the competence of public authorities on the basis of the scope of its implementation and the legal nature of the rules of law in which it is enshrined: substantive and procedural. It is proved that the competence of the procedural jurisdiction is to determine the competence of a public authority in a particular administrative proceeding or in an administrative proceeding before a court. However, the provisions on the interrelation of the categories of "powers", "sphere of competence", "functions" may also apply to competence in procedural legal relations. Based on the above, it is substantiated that the competence of a public authority may be considered as the basis of its legal personality not only in material administrative legal relations but also in procedural ones.
The description of procedural competence of public administration bodies in judicial administrative process is given. The directions of improving the procedural competence of public administration bodies as subjects of proceedings are outlined: in cases of administrative offenses; on complaints of citizens in public administration bodies; disciplinary proceedings.
The perspective direction of improving the procedural competence of public administration entities is to determine the unification of the legal regulation of the procedure of conducting official investigations in cases concerning: disciplinary proceedings in labor matters and in matters of administrative legal relations. At the same time, an approach similar to the regulation of the procedural form of disciplinary proceedings in general is considered promising: to determine the general principles of such an investigation in a separate normative act, and to set particularities, depending on the specific activity of specific subjects of public administration, at the level of special normative acts.
The expediency of defining the concept of service discipline, which is one of the ways of ensuring the unity of the law enforcement practice of the law on bringing to disciplinary responsibility, is justified, since it presupposes the avoidance of different views on the content of the service discipline, formation of a single non-conflict legal understanding.
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Russo, Elisa Maria. "Il volto "poliedrico" dell'ente nel modello processuale ex d.lgs. n. 231/2001." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/4196.
Full textAbstract:
La ricerca mira ad esaminare il ruolo attualmente ricoperto dalle persone giuridiche in seno al procedimento penale a seguito dell'entrata in vigore del d.lgs. n. 231 /2001. La normativa citata ha, infatti, introdotto una nuova ipotesi di responsabilità per la societas, la cui natura è ancora piuttosto dibattuta, e che - sebbene sia formalmente qualificata come amministrativa -cela in realtà un volto sostanzialmente penale. Alla luce della riforma introdotta nel 2001, sul piano processuale si è assistito ad una vera e propria rivoluzione copernicana, atteso che le persone giuridiche - in precedenza chiamate a rivestire il ruolo di meri soggetti eventuali del procedimento - sono ora chiamate ad assumere una posizione assimilabile a quella dell'imputato, venendo quindi in considerazione nell'inedito ruolo di soggetti necessari. L'arduo compito del legislatore è, dunque, coinciso con la necessità di adeguare alla partecipazione di questi nuovi "ingombranti soggetti" le strutture processuali preesistenti e costruite intorno alla figura di imputato-persona fisica, con non poche frizioni in ordine all'osservanza di principi fondamentali quali il diritto di difesa e la tutela risarcitoria della vittima del reato.
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Brelàz, Gabriela de. "O processo de institucionalização da participação na Câmara Municipal de São Paulo: uma análise das audiências públicas do orçamento (1990-2010)." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/9436.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-17<br>The purpose of this research is to analyze the process of institutionalization of civil society participation at São Paulo city council through the analysis of the budget public hearings between 1990 and 2010. This research took into account the discussions regarding the limits of representative democracy and the importance of civil society participation as a mechanism to complement but not replace representative democracy. In terms of methodology, it is a qualitative analysis focused on the characteristics of the entities, processes and purposes. The case study methodology – largely used in topics with limited previous studies, as is the case of the civil society participation in the legislative branch - was applied together with the longitudinal field work. Regarding theoretical frame, this research was based on organizational studies institutionalism, with emphasis on micro foundations, focusing on cultural and cognitive explanations, very useful in the study of participation. In the review of the various participants involved in the institutionalization process and the different mechanics of participation, the contribution of Niklas Luhmann autopoietic system theory was of seminal importance. The study identifies four subsystems: legislative power, executive power, civil society, and the bureaucracy of the city council. The dynamics of each subsystem during the 20 year period reviewed in this research enables us to analyze the set of regulatory, normative and cultural-cognitive variables that influences the process of civil society participation institutionalization. This research concludes that, despite of being institutionalized, the participation at the legislative house faces limitations to be effectively exercised due to normative and cultural-cognitive constraints that exceeds each of the individual subsystem, specially the Legislative Power. It is problematical to institutionalize the participation at the São Paulo city council because the city representatives belong to an autopoietic subsystem with particular norms and values that poses challenges to the entrance of the civil society subsystem in the discussion of the annual budget. There is some opportunity for participation, but such participation is shaped by the existent behavior in the relationship between representatives and its constituents, including a strong clientelism, sedimenting what this research names as budgetary clientelism, a type of participation focused on supplying very specific demands of civil society that are fulfilled through amendments to the annual budget, and not a participation focused in discussing public policies and exercising a true social control over the annual budget.<br>Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o processo de institucionalização da participação da sociedade civil na Câmara Municipal de São Paulo através de uma análise das audiências públicas do orçamento de 1990 a 2010. Levando em consideração o amplo debate sobre os limites da democracia representativa e a importância da participação da sociedade civil em suprir um suposto déficit democrático, este estudo analisa a participação da sociedade civil como parte e não como substituto de uma democracia representativa. Em termos de metodologia, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que visa enfatizar as características das entidades, dos processos e significados, usando os sentidos dados pelos atores sociais a fim de entender como a participação como experiência social é criada e seus sentidos produzidos. Utilizou-se a técnica de estudo de caso – amplamente adotada para a investigação de tópicos ainda pouco analisados, como é o caso da participação da sociedade civil no Legislativo –, incorporando-se elementos da técnica de estudo de campo longitudinal. Do ponto de vista teórico, esta tese foi guiada pelo institucionalismo na teoria das organizações, com ênfase nas suas microfundações, enfatizando as explicações culturais e cognitivas, muito ricas para o entendimento do fenômeno da participação. Na análise dos diferentes atores envolvidos no processo de institucionalização e suas diferentes lógicas de participação, as contribuições da teoria de sistemas autopoiéticos de Niklas Luhmann foram fundamentais, sendo possível identificar quatro subsistemas: poder legislativo, poder executivo, sociedade civil e burocracia da Câmara Municipal. A dinâmica dos diferentes subsistemas ao longo dos vinte anos de análise permite observar um conjunto de variáveis regulativas, normativas e cultural-cognitivas que influenciam o processo de institucionalização da participação. O estudo conclui que, apesar de institucionalizada, a participação na Câmara Municipal encontra obstáculos para ser exercida na prática, devido a limitações normativas e cultural-cognitivas que perpassam os diferentes subsistemas, principalmente o Poder Legislativo. Há dificuldade em institucionalizar a participação na Câmara Municipal de São Paulo, e isso ocorre porque os vereadores fazem parte de um subsistema autopoiético com valores e normas próprias e que dificulta a entrada do subsistema sociedade civil, que busca participar da discussão do orçamento. Existe certa abertura à participação, mas esta é moldada conforme padrões de conduta já existentes na interação entre parlamentar e sociedade civil, marcada por um forte clientelismo, sedimentando o que este estudo denomina de clientelismo orçamentário, uma participação voltada para o atendimento de demandas pontuais da sociedade civil que se realizam através de emendas, e não por uma participação voltada à discussão de políticas públicas e de um verdadeiro controle social do orçamento público.
30
Bellanger, Timothée. "La délégation de pouvoir en droit du travail, outil d'organisation de l'entreprise." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020011/document.
Full textAbstract:
Confronté, dans les entreprises de grande taille, à l’impossibilité d’exercer lui-même la totalité de ses pouvoirs, le chef d’entreprise est conduit à en déléguer à des préposés. Cette transmission du pouvoir participe de l’organisation de l’entreprise. La délégation de pouvoir en constitue le vecteur le plus pertinent. La flexibilité de son régime incite à y recourir dans l’entreprise voire dans le périmètre d’un groupe. Le transfert de pouvoir a pour corollaire un transfert de responsabilité, y compris, sous certaines conditions, de responsabilité à la charge du délégataire.La délégation de pouvoir s’impose aujourd’hui comme un des outils privilégiés d’organisation de l’entreprise d’autant qu’elle permet, face à la forte pénalisation des relations de travail, une répartition des risques entre ses acteurs. Elle permet au chef d’entreprise, destinataire de multiples obligations légales, d’opérer une déconcentration du pouvoir et de la responsabilité qui l’accompagne en confiant à des salariés dotés des compétences requises la réalisation de tâches qu’il n’est pas, en pratique, en mesure d’assumer. Son action y gagne en efficacité, dans l’intérêt de tous<br>Faced with the impossibility of exercising his or her full powers in a large company, the executive director has to delegate some these to his or her subordinates. Transmission of power therefore becomes part of the organisation of the company and constitutes the most pertinent vector of said organisation. The flexibility of its regime is an incentive to use delegation in the company or even in the scope of the corporate group. The transfer of responsibility becomes a corollary of the transfer of power, including, under certain conditions, the transfer of responsability borne by the delegator. Delegation of power has become one of the preferred tools in the organisation of a company as it also allows for the distribution of risks amongst its actors in the face of the current strong penalisation of work relations. It allows the executive director, the bearer of multiple legal obligations, to carry out a deconcentration of power and stemming from that, of responsibility, by giving employees possessing the required skills the tasks that he or she isn’t, in practice, able to undertake. His or her action increases efficiency in the interest of all
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Ribas, João André Nascimento. "Relações de poder na elaboração do planejamento governamental municipal: o caso da microrregião de Ponta Grossa/Paraná pela ótica da elite política executiva." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2018. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/3154.
Full textAbstract:
A Constituição Federal de 1988 possibilitou perspectivas mais inclusivas da sociedade civil nas tomadas de decisões sobre políticas públicas, como por meio de referendos, plebiscitos, conselhos gestores, audiências, entre outros, na tentativa de modificar a ortodoxia de centralismo decisório até então praticada. Entretanto, estudos a respeito de práticas de participação social passaram a denunciar limitações do empoderamento da sociedade civil ocasionadas na conjuntura neoliberal do Brasil. Isso impactou na concentração de poder deliberativo sobre decisões públicas nas mãos de restritos atores da sociedade política. Por outro lado, tais estudos não apresentam resultados sobre relações de poder desenvolvidas na elaboração do planejamento governamental municipal, materializado no plano plurianual – PPA, uma política essencial para o estabelecimento de ações de governo a serem implementadas diante das mais variadas demandas sociais. Partindo-se desta lacuna de investigação, caberia responder: quem são e como participam os atores da sociedade política e da sociedade civil na elaboração do planejamento governamental municipal? Por meio de um estudo de caso da elaboração do PPA 2018 – 20121 da microrregião de Ponta Grossa do Estado do Paraná, o presente estudo adota como objetivo investigar as relações de poder estabelecidas na elaboração do planejamento governamental municipal a partir da ótica da sua elite política executiva. Para melhor justificativa dos resultados levantados, adota-se a observância dos perfis ideológicos das elites políticas e as distinções entre áreas temáticas públicas. Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva e explicativa, estando baseada em estudo de caso único a partir do uso da técnica de entrevistas junto às elites políticas dos Poderes Executivos da microrregião de Ponta Grossa/PR. Como resultado, observa-se um panorama de elaboração do planejamento governamental embasado na concentração do poder deliberativo nas figuras da elite política executiva, mais precisamente, nos Secretários/Presidentes das áreas temáticas, cabendo à sociedade civil a participação de forma consultiva, independentemente do perfil ideológico identificado, porém com algumas exceções de áreas temáticas com maior deliberação e autogestão da sociedade civil. Este cenário, de forma geral, reflete regulamentações da participação social nem sempre efetivadas e perfis ideológicos das elites estudadas mais voltados à defesa da participação social consultiva e fiscalizatória. Diante dos resultados e das literaturas apresentadas ao longo da teoria, que defendem a participação da sociedade civil e de seus segmentos organizados de forma deliberativa, recomenda-se às elites políticas adotarem uma governança mais democrática mediante promoção de tal empoderamento, como por intermédio de conferências temáticas e colegiados deliberativos voltados à elaboração do PPA, objetivando o desenvolvimento regional e político dos cidadãos.<br>The Federal Constitution of 1988 provided more inclusive perspectives of the civil society in public decision-making policies, such as referendums, plebiscites, management councils, audiences, among others, in an attempt to change the orthodoxy of the centralism on decision-making practiced up to that moment. However, studies about social participation practices started to denounce limitations on the civil society empowerment caused by the neoliberal conjuncture in Brazil. This has impacted on the concentration of deliberative power over public decisions in the hands of restricted actors in political society. On the other hand, these studies do not present results about power relations developed in the elaboration of municipal government planning, materialized in the multiyear plan, an essential policy for the establishment of government actions to be implemented in face of the most varied social demands. Starting from this research gap, it would be necessary to answer the following questions: who are and how do the actors of political society and civil society participate in the municipal government planning elaboration? By means of a case study on the preparation of the multiyear plan 2018 - 2021 to the Ponta Grossa’s microregion at the State of Paraná, the present study aims to investigate the power relations established in the elaboration of the municipal government planning by the political executive elite’s point of view. To justify better the results obtained, it is adopted the observance of ideological profiles of political elites and the distinctions between public thematic areas. This research is methodologically characterized as descriptive and explanatory, being based on a single case study using the technique of interviews with the Executive Power political elites at the microregion. As a result, there is a panorama on the elaboration of governmental planning based on the concentration of deliberative power in the executive political elite, more precisely, in the Secretaries / Presidents of the thematic areas, and civil society participation in an advisory form, regardless of the ideological profile identified, although with some exceptions in thematic areas with greater deliberation and self-management from civil society. This scenario, in general, reflects regulations of social participation not always implemented and ideological profiles of the elites studied more focused on the defense of social participation as advisory and monitoring. Given the results and literature presented throughout the theory, which advocate to the civil society and its organized segments participation in a deliberative way, it is recommended that the political elites it is recommended that political elites adopt a more democratic governance through the promotion of such empowerment, as well as through thematic and collegial deliberative conferences aimed at the elaboration of the multiyear plans, aiming at the regional and political development of citizens.
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П'ятницький, А. В. "Адміністративно-правове забезпечення реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/67461.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертацію присвячено аналізу адміністративно-правового забезпечення реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні. З’ясовуються основні етапи становлення та розвитку правових засад реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні. Розкривається поняття та окреслюються види заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні, особливості їх реалізації. Узагальнюються принципи реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні. З’ясовується сутність механізму адміністративно-правового забезпечення реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні. Формулюються пропозиції щодо вдосконалення адміністративно-правового статусу суб’єктів реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні. Пропонуються напрямки вдосконалення взаємодії між учасниками реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні. Надаються рекомендації щодо розвитку адміністративно-правових форм та методів реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень в Україні. Узагальнюється зарубіжний досвід правового забезпечення реалізації заходів примусового виконання судових рішень та окреслюються можливості його використання в Україні.<br>Диссертация посвящена анализу административно-правового обеспечения реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений в Украине. В работе дано авторское определение понятия «административно-правовое обеспечение реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений в Украине», под которым предложено понимать урегулированную нормами административного права деятельность государства в лице государственных органов по обеспечению эффективного функционирования уполномоченных субъектов с целью обеспечения надлежащей реализации ими мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений. Выясняются основные этапы становления и развития правовых основ реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений в Украине. Раскрывается понятие и определяются виды мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений в Украине. Обобщаются принципы реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений в Украине. Механизм административно-правового обеспечения реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений в Украине определен как система организационно-управленческих и правовых средств, мероприятий, инструментов, благодаря которым обеспечивается надлежащий порядок, а также другие важные условия, необходимые для эффективной и качественной реализации процесса принудительного исполнения судебных решений. Устанавливаются роль и значение начальной стадии исполнительного производства. Выделяются особенности правового регулирования проведения исполнительных действий по принудительному исполнению судебных решений в зависимости от вида мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений. Выявляются основания и порядок приостановления совершения исполнительных действий по принудительному исполнению судебных решений. Определяются основания и порядок окончания исполнительного производства по принудительному исполнению судебных решений. Приводятся особенности принудительного исполнения судебных решений отдельных судов. Разрабатываются рекомендации по совершенствованию административно-правового статуса субъектов реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений в Украине. В целях совершенствования взаимодействия между участниками реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений предложено разработать Инструкцию «О порядке взаимодействия между участниками реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений», в которой четко очертить права и обязанности субъектов такого взаимодействия, границы их полномочий и компетенции. Даются рекомендации по развитию административно-правовых форм и методов реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений в Украине. Обобщается зарубежный опыт правового обеспечения реализации мер принудительного исполнения судебных решений и определяются возможности его использования в Украине.<br>The dissertation is focused on the analysis of administrative and legal provision for the implementation of measures of compulsory execution of judgments in Ukraine. The main stages of the formation and development of legal principles of implementing the measures of compulsory execution of judgments in Ukraine have been clarified. The concept of the measures of compulsory execution of judgments in Ukraine has been revealed; and the types of such measures, features of their realization have been outlined. The principles of implementing the measures of compulsory execution of judgments in Ukraine have been generalized. The essence of the mechanism of administrative and legal provision for the implementation of the measures of compulsory execution of judgments in Ukraine has been clarified. The author has formulated propositions on improving administrative and legal status of the subjects of implementing the measures of compulsory execution of judgments in Ukraine. Directions of improving the interaction between participants of implementing the measures of compulsory execution of judgments in Ukraine have been suggested. Recommendations on the development of administrative and legal forms and methods of implementing the measures of compulsory execution of judgments in Ukraine have been provided. International experience of legal provision for implementing the measures of compulsory execution of judgments has been generalized; and the possibilities of its application in Ukraine have been outlined.
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Kazbekova, Assel. "The Participation of the Third Parties in the Arbitration Proceedings." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42979.
Full textAbstract:
The arbitration legislation of Kazakhstan has no direct answer to the problem of possible participation of the third parties therein. The analysis of the Kazakhstani legislation and practice, as well as the comparison of the Kazakhstani approach with international approaches regarding the problem of the third parties have revealed the necessity in the legislative reforms to be taken in Kazakhstan. These reforms are required for stabilization and equilibration of the position of third parties with all rest parties of the arbitration proceedings. Thus, the main aim of this thesis is to elaborate a series of suggestions on the potential development of the arbitration procedural legislative system and to address some of the gaps in the existing arbitration legislation.
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(6331853), Lindsey M. Bryant. "Physical Activity, Structured Sport Participation, and Executive Function in Preschoolers." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textAbstract:
<p>Two
studies explored the connections between physical activity, participation in structured
open-skilled sports (e.g., soccer and basketball) and closed-skilled sports
(e.g. running and swimming), and executive function (EF) among preschool-aged
children. Study 1 included 197 preschool-aged children (mean age = 4.34
years, female = 48%, white = 83.5%). Study
2 included 1012 preschool-aged children (mean age = 51.59
months, white = 60.5%). Results from
regression models indicated that parent-reported physical
activity was not associated with direct assessments or parent reports of child
EF (Studies 1 and 2). General sport participation was associated with one
direct assessment (DCCS; Study 1), but was not associated with parent reports
of child EF when controlling for physical activity (Studies 1 and 2); however,
depending on the conceptualization of sport, some associations were
significant. Future
research is necessary to determine whether these associations exist when the
constructs are conceptualized differently and when using different assessments.
</p>
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Chu, Ting-Yi, and 朱庭儀. "Participation of Third Persons in Criminal Proceedings concerning Confiscation of Illegal Proceeds." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vry6h7.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>法律學研究所<br>106<br>From 1st July 2016 onwards, regulations concerning confiscation of illegal proceeds in Criminal Code and The Code of Criminal Procedure in Taiwan were applied, which heralded a brand new epoch in Taiwan as confiscation as an issue had fallen into a state of neglect over the bygone decades. These new regulations, in the perspective of substantive law, focus on the deprivation of illegal proceeds, and also in the aspect of procedural law, establish several complementary measures including seizure, provisional attachment, return-to-the-victim provision, independent confiscation proceedings, etc. Apart from the provisions above, ‘the participation of the third persons’, which this study is all about, constitutes one of the major portions of the above-mentioned amendment to law. The ‘participation’, in brief, functions as the procedural due process, helping the confiscation serve its purpose: the constitutional deprivation of the proceeds derived from criminal activities and the nullification of the motivation behind committing a crime.
This study begins with the introduction of the ‘participation’ in the confiscation proceedings in Germany, which is the model for the related regulations in Taiwan; on this basis, the ‘participation’ in Taiwan is discussed next, including its formulated structure and precisely how it is supposed to be applied. With this comparative macro-approach, it is hoped that the interpretation of the relating regulations in Taiwan would not go awry with only literal translation due to the lack of comprehensive understanding from the original model, and therefore would not impede the confiscation.
In the study, there are 4 issues that are especially worthy of notice in Taiwan: (1) Who can be the one participating, (2) the justification for the representatives to still represent their company as the participant while they are already defendants in the relating cases, (3) the possibility that the participants get a court-appointed representative, and (4) the deviation from the spirit of causing no undue delay in the proceedings, which especially can be a problem in the summary procedure, the bargaining process, and the subsequent proceedings, in which the previous confiscation order may be revoked.
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PAN, PO-CHEG, and 潘柏呈. "A Study on the Expert Participation in Trial Proceedings -Based on Construction Engineering." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62307230494575278831.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>朝陽科技大學<br>營建工程系碩士班<br>101<br>There are complicated legal provisions and specialized technical knowledge in the dispute in civil engineering althongh. In Taiwan, professional judge system is adopted, judges are only trained and educated by law so they don''t have professional competence beyond it. In litigation, if other specialized fields such as construction, medical and intellectual property disputes is contained, a third party with the professional competence needed is supposed to assist the judge by identifying the truth of the case and analyze the dispute. In the end, the case will be closed through the self-justification of the judge. Even with the help of an appraisal report, it is still a report about a specialized field. How can a judge who is only proficient in law understand the specialized content? And, the outcome derivative under such basis is questionable.
By the collection of practical civil dispute cases and analysis of quantitative statistics, this study tries to understand the extent judges relies on the appraisal report to make judgment. The appraisal of litigation and the opinions of specialist are evidences, they are usually used under the mode of "identify and summon the witness to court" and the judge will determine the degree of certification through self-justification. Though such mechanism is provided, we can see in practical cases that when a judge lacks knowledge of a specialized field adopt the appraisal report and opinions of specialist, usually it only out of respect of the specialized field but have a specified standard for it. Even judges have to evaluate evidence based on self-justification, appraisal and the opinions of specialist are results of technical specialty that are different from regular evidence. When considering whether to use the evidence or not, we should notice that every part of appraisal and opinions of specialist will affect the outcome of credibility. Then, the litigant will have queries. A judge who is only proficient in law will cause problem when considering whether to adopt the scientific evidence. Through the conclusion of quantitative statistics, we can find out that judges rely on the appraisal report too much as an auxiliary. If judges can''t analyze professional controversies, it means there are defects in judicial proceedings. There is a plight of judges only have legal profession but little nothing of other professional fields.
By the review of previous studies, we can find out that our judicial system had followed other countries to put profession into the litigation process. A variety of methods were offered, but they all faced obstacles and procrastinated because of the problems derived from practical application. In addition, lack by of publicity made the outcome not satisfactory. By collecting the professional auxiliary system of other countries, thin study probe into the advantages and disadvantages of it and its suitability for our country. If we want to improve the existing system of justice and put the so-called professional involvement/professional judge system or other methods into practice, it''s almost impossible. It takes time to change the following situations: national customs of the people, citizens'' awareness of the new system, the process of old system personnel to re-adapt to the new system, gaining legal knowledge for the professionals and learning professional skills for a judge. Even if the new system come into existence and put into practice, the usage of appraisal report should still remain. As a result, the importance of identification system is undoubted. Identifier or experts can only assist the judge to identify the real problem, they can''t replace the judge''s position. The former provides professional advice and the latter hear the cases by the advices, both are indispensable and can''t verdict by themselves. The judges in our country lack experience and education of other professional fields. How to nurture a judge of complete professional education background or let the judge gain relevant expertise and how to let professional be involved in the litigation so they can help handling the case and deal with the problem fast and fair are two problems we are having when dealing with professional controversy in construction engineering industry.
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"Proceedings of the Nordic Conference 2008 : Health, Participation and Effects of Sport and Exercise." Halmstad : Halmstad University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2035.
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Wentworth, Craig. "The role of collegiate sports participation in preparing women for executive leadership." 2009. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/wentworth%5Fcraig%5Fr%5F200912%5Fedd.
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Krulce, Darrell L. "Efficiency wages and executive compensation : the participation constraint in a principal-agent problem." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9640.
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Cramm, HEIDI. "Executive functioning in children and youth: Development of occupational therapy competencies." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/7396.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: This thesis focuses on the development of occupational therapy competencies to enable executive occupational performance with school-aged children and youth. Methods: Three studies were structured according to the knowledge inquiry, synthesis, and product stages of the Knowledge To Action cycle (Graham et al., 2006). A scoping review in Phase One explored how executive functioning is described in the occupational therapy literature. In Phase Two, a qualitative study was conducted to determine how occupational therapists who have worked with children and youth perceive executive functioning to be understood and addressed. Phase Three used established competency development processes to produce an occupational therapy competency model and framework for enabling executive occupational performance.
Results: Although there is little consensus on how executive functioning is understood, literature reviewed in Phase One demonstrated its pervasive effect on performance of complex, novel, and goal-directed occupations. Emerging themes suggest that assessment requires occupational, dynamic, and performance-based approaches, with interventions rooted in metacognitive frameworks. The Phase Two qualitative study suggested that, although there are challenges to being able to “see” executive functioning, it is necessary to explicitly and systematically consider executive functioning during clinical reasoning. Learning to “see” through the executive functioning lens is a complex process. The competency framework development process utilized in Phase Three yielded the Competencies in Context Model. Responding to series of contextual challenges related to system, client, and occupational therapist factors, professional assessment, intervention,
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knowledge acquisition, and knowledge translation competencies are used to organize 16 specific occupational therapy practice competencies.
Conclusion: Points of tension within the literature and the field have implications for occupational therapy curricula, research, practice, and professional development. Executive functioning issues have wide reaching effects on occupational performance of children and youth that have not been adequately recognized or explored in the occupational therapy literature. The competency model and framework developed through this research make a substantive contribution to the field in beginning to redress the dearth of occupational therapy-specific models, resources, and tools designed to support occupational therapists’ acquisition or implementation of the executive functioning perspective.<br>Thesis (Ph.D, Rehabilitation Science) -- Queen's University, 2012-08-26 22:27:09.05
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SUN, SHU-LING, and 孫淑玲. "A STUDY OF CITIZEN PARTICIPATION ON EXECUTIVE MECHANISM OF INCINERATOR PLANT COMPENSATION IN TAIPEI CITY." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71617288816883395971.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺北大學<br>公共行政暨政策學系碩士在職專班<br>95<br>The policy of incinerator plant compensation in Taipei city is planned for the reduction of duel action by the people living around the incinerator plant. Also, it is settled for the purpose of making the environment better. However, after carrying into execution for many years, it doesn’t obtain much support and identification from people. Therefore, this study is going to focus on the theory of citizen participation, the intention of policy stakeholders and the problem of not satisfying with public opinion in the procedure of compensation policy. Then, this study will make evaluation in order to get another way of reposition, planning and amending of compensation policy for the Taipei City government.
In accordance with research findings and what I have learned during the period of serving in the Environmental Protection Department, this thesis makes the following suggestion in the field of the range of citizen participation, the way of citizen participation and the process of citizen participation:
Section One: the range of citizen participation
First, legalizing the range of citizen participation on the executive mechanism of compensation.
Section two: the way of citizen participation
First, reinforcing the use of information technology in freedom of information.
Second, implementing the function of compensation policy meeting and public hearing.
Third, re-constructing and reinforcing the function of neighborhood assembly.
Forth, establishing the monitor mechanism of compensation.
Section three: the process of citizen participation
First, integrating the local election and referendum to settle the controversy of compensation policy.
Second, establishing the model of two steps participation of public and expert
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Beroušková, Monika. "Druhy civilního procesu." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-369147.
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The attempt of this diploma thesis is to introduce the reader various types of civil procedure. The civil procedure is one of the types of justice besides criminal, administrative and institutional justice. The civil procedure represents the united process, which is internally differentiated. This differentiation is the result of historical development, when the original function of the civil procedure access additional features. The purpose of the civil procedure is not only to provide protection to endangered rights. Another function is to protect the rights against threat. Finally, there is the function of execution and reinsurance. The purpose of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of the various types of civil procedure, their characteristics, common features and differences. The content of this thesis are various types of civil procedure and it is divided into three parts. The first part deals with the civil procedure in general and it's history. The second part, as the main part of the diploma thesis, focuses on characteristics of each types of civil procedure. First there is described civil trial proceedings, which is divided into contentious and non-contentious proceedings. The purpose of civil trial proceedings is to protect the violated or threatened rights or regulation...
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Fernando, MM. "Judicial meetings with children in Australian Family Law Proceedings: Hearing children’s voices." Thesis, 2011. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/11749/1/Front-Thesis_Final_Submission_Fernando.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Australian family law judicial officers rarely take the opportunity to meet with
children who are the subject of proceedings, despite the fact that the outcome of these
proceedings will affect many important aspects of a child’s life. This appears to be at
odds with the court’s obligation to regard the best interests of the child as the
paramount consideration and the child’s right to participate pursuant to the United
Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. While it appears that the practice of
judicial meetings with children is not encouraged in Australia, internationally there is
growing support. Several countries have implemented guidelines or taken other steps
to actively encourage greater use of the practice. In some countries, judicial meetings
are carried out frequently, uncontroversially and successfully. Delegates at the 5th
World Congress on Family Law and Children’s Rights in 2009 passed a resolution in
support of judges considering whether to meet with a child in every case before them.
This thesis looks at the benefits that can be gained, both for children and for decisionmaking,
by judges meeting with children. These benefits are viewed within the wider
context of how the right of children to express their views is exercised in family law
matters and the literature on how children feel about their current level of
participation in court proceedings. In determining what is in the best interests of a
child, judges may be aided by a practice that enables them to learn more about a
child’s needs and interests than via other recognised methods of hearing children’s
views.
The thesis explores the reasons why there are only a handful of cases in which
Australian judges have met with children and discusses the main criticisms of the
practice. The author conducted a unique empirical study to discover the views and
experiences of the Australian family law judiciary about meeting with children.
Utilising both qualitative and quantitative methods, the study involved in-depth
interviews with four Family Court judges and a survey of all family law judicial
officers in Australia. The results of the study make an original contribution to the
field of judicial attitudes to children’s participation in family law. It was discovered
that some problems discussed in the literature, such as due process and
confidentiality, may be more perceived than real as judges were able to suggest ways
to overcome them. The study found that many judges see strong benefits in meeting with children, but that they may be unable to overcome two lingering concerns.
Judges perceive that they lack the skills and training to meet with children, and they
are troubled by the prospect that judicial meetings may subject children to parental
pressure or manipulation.
The thesis makes recommendations to ensure greater certainty in the practice of
judicial meetings with children. These include the implementation of Australian
guidelines on when and how judicial meetings should be conducted. With recent
child-focused changes to family law and practice, such as the Less Adversarial Trial
procedure, and growing international discussion, it is anticipated that judicial culture
may slowly change. With time, judges may consider the potential benefits of meeting
with a child in every case that comes before them. It is argued that it is imperative
they do so in order to give effect to the internationally recognised rights of children
and the fundamental obligation of the family law courts to regard the best interests of
the child as the paramount consideration.
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Huang, Sue-Mei, and 黃淑梅. "Factors Influencing Regional civil servants’ Participation in Training － A Case Study of the Regional Civil Service Development Institute, DGPA, Executive Yuan." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26602118702659132621.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立暨南國際大學<br>成人與繼續教育研究所<br>102<br>This research investigated factors influencing Regional civil servants’ participation in training sessions. The three purposes of the research are as follows:
1. To investigate Regional civil servants’ willingness to participate in training sessions held by the Institute;
2. To investigate factors influencing Regional civil servants’ participation in training sessions held by the Institute;
3. To investigate factors influencing Regional civil servants’ choice of participating training sessions at the Institute or at local government training centers;
The research conducted a survey to collect relevant data to investigate factors influencing Regional civil servants’ participation in training sessions, with a sample chosen from the trainees of training sessions held by the Regional Civil Service Development Institute, DGPA, Executive Yuan. The research sent out a total number of 1,402 surveys and received back 1,197 surveys (a response rate of 85.38%), of which 1,178 were valid, accounting for 84.02% of the entire sample. After receiving back the surveys, SPSS 12.0 was used to conduct a descriptive statistical analysis, an independent samples t-test, and One-way ANOVA test. According to the literature review, the analysis of the surveys and so on, the conclusions were made as follows:
1. Regional civil servants’ participation in training sessions was mainly decided by their respective organizations, and the number of volunteers only took up a quarter;
2. For the regional civil servants’, the female are more willing to participate in training sessions and the participation rate is 19.2% higher than that of male’s;
3. Motivation was the most influential internal factor related to regional civil servants’ participation in training sessions, and “personal willingness to learn” was the most important factor;
4. The curriculum design of training sessions was the most influential external factor related to regional civil servants’ participation in training sessions, and “expertise of the lecture” was the most important factor;
5. The parameters of gender, age, education, level in the organization, job position, years of service, and marital status show mark influence on the internal factors for regional civil servants’ participation in training sessions ;
6. The influence of level in the organization on, “the curriculum design of the training session,” the external factor influencing regional civil servants’ participation in training sessions was significantly different from that of others;
7. With respect to local training sessions offered by the Regional Civil Service Development Institute, “self-motivation“ has the major affection among the five categories of the internal factors, and participants had better awareness at the Regional Civil Service Development Institute than at local training sessions;
8. With respect to local training sessions offered by the Regional Civil Service Development Institute, “the curriculum design of the training session“ has the major affection among the five categories of the external factors, and participants had better awareness at the Regional Civil Service Development Institute than at local training sessions.
Based on the aforementioned conclusions, suggestions are made to the Regional Civil Service Development Institute, local governments, regional civil servants’, and future researchers for future references.
Keywords: Regional civil servants’, Factors Influencing Participation in Training, Regional Civil Service Development Institute
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Ting, Hsu-Yu, and 丁旭育. "A Study on Job Stress, Leisure Participation and Spiritual Health among the Elementary School Executive Officer Teachers in New Taipei City." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88518379293832348812.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺北教育大學<br>生命教育與健康促進研究所<br>100<br>Abstract
This study aims to explore the relationship among job stress, leisure participation, and spiritual health among the elementary school executive officer teachers in New Taipei City. Questionnaire survey was used. And the measuring instruments were job stress scale, leisure participation scale, and spiritual health scale. The public and private elementary school teachers concurrently holding administrative posts are the population, and the samples are selected with proportionate stratified random sampling. There were 371 valid questionnaires. The effective questionnaire return rate was 87.7% among distribution of the total 423 questionnaires. The data was analyzed with Descriptive statics, independent sample mean t-test, 0ne-way ANOVA, Scheffe`s posteriori comparison , Pearson's correlation, stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study are as follows:
I. Present condition about their job stress, leisure participation, and spiritual health of the study sample.
II. Job stress, leisure participation, and spiritual health of the study subjects from diverse backgrounds present differences as follows.
1. On the gender aspect: males value more interpersonal relation. Females value more connecting with others and religion attachment as well as social activities.
2. On the age aspect: the aged 41 to 50 teachers have higher working load and better interpersonal relation than the aged above 50.
3. On the marital status aspect: the unmarried teachers have higher working
load and administration support than those married.
4. On the employment duration aspect: the teachers employed 1-9 years have
better interpersonal relation than those with 20-29 employment years.
5. On different administrative departments aspect: the teachers holding the posts in the Student Affairs Office have better interpersonal relation, professional skill and knowledge, and administrative support and higher job stress than those in the Academic Affair Office.
6. On the administrative post duration aspect: in terms of professional skill and knowledge, student behavior, relaxation activity , teachers holding administrative posts for 1-5 years score higher than those above 11 years.
7. On the school size aspect: the teachers work in the large sized schools score higher than those in the medium sized schools in terms of interpersonal relation and outdoor leisure activities.
8. On religion aspects: in terms of transcending adversity, religion attachment, teachers of believing in Christianity score higher than those of none religion belief. On connecting with others, those of Christian believers score higher than those of Buddhist believers..
III. The correlation among job stress, leisure participation, and spiritual health of the study subjects.
1. The overall job stress and the overall leisure participation have a negative correlated relationship.
2. The overall spiritual health and the overall leisure participation present a positive correlated relationship.
3. The overall spiritual health and overall job stress have a negative correlated relationship.
IV. The predictability of job stress, leisure participation, and spiritual health of the study subjects.
1. Hobbies leisure activity, social leisure activity, cultural leisure activity, and administrative support obviously predict the overall spiritual health, accounting for 31.3% of total variance.
Based on the results of this study, some suggestions are provided for the elementary school teachers, education administration institutes as well as the future studies.
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LU, TSUNGTE, and 盧宗德. "The Investigation of the Effect of Participation in Different Sport Type on Executive Function in Adolescent: A Perspective from Sports Insurance." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46918865008532455256.
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碩士<br>朝陽科技大學<br>保險金融管理系<br>104<br>Despite ample evidence that exercise has the capacity the improved human cognition. Such findings in adolescents, however, remain less well understood. Here we aim to investigate the effect of participation in different sport types (open-skilled vs. close-skilled sports) on executive function in adolescents. We will compared executive function from students practicing track-and-field, those who practice table tennis, as well as sedentary counterparts when they perform a classic flanker task. The three groups were recruited from Lishan Junior High School and were gender-and age-matched. Aerobic fitness was examined using the PACER test. The results reveal that adolescents participating in sport teams (i.e., table tennis and track-and-field) responded faster for the incongruent compared to those who are sedentary. In sum, we conclude that adolescents practicing high-intensity sport training may benefit executive functions in adolescents, exhibiting the cognitive benefits during cognitive development.
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Chiu, Chia-Ning, and 邱佳寧. "The Effects of Challenge, Hindrance Pressure, and Sports Participation on Flanker Task and Executive Task Performance Investigated Using the Drift Diffusion Model." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35d5d2.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>認知與神經科學研究所<br>106<br>Sports can be classified as open-skill sport (strategic and interceptive sports) or closed-skill sports (static sports). Several review papers have provided an overview of the beneficial effects of fitness training on cognitive function and athletes train hard to fight to achieve good performance. However, pressure could be an important issue that would change sports performance. This thesis tried to gain a better understanding of the influence of pressure on cognitive performance and how this can be altered by different sports engagement. Nonsporting controls were compared to an exercise groups, including swimmers and runners (closed-skill, predictable action sports) and a volleyball group (an open-skill, unpredictable action sport) on tasks with three different pressure manipulations: challenge stress; hindrance stress; and task difficulty. These were used to investigate performance on the flanker tasks and an executive task.
The drift diffusion model (DDM) which negates problems such as speed-accuracy tradeoffs in cognitive tasks, and provides more specific measurement of aspects of performance, such as the rate at which decisions are made and the decision threshold was specially used to quantify the effects of stress on performance.
In Experiment 1, the flanker task in conjunction with a time pressure manipulation was used to investigate how such pressure may influence attention. In Experiment 2, video observation combined with time pressure was used to investigate whether this different stressor influenced decision-making performance and whether this interacted with sporting expertise and fitness. Drift diffusion model analysis of Experiments 1 and 2 showed that time pressure induced reduced threshold separation, non-decision time and decreased drift rate. Higher fitness levels were associate with faster speed to make a decision under time pressure. The volleyball group seem to have a better ability to process the flanker information which may be a consequence of the characteristics of the sport. No effect of observation was found (Experiment 2
In Experiment 3, task switching with stress manipulation caused by different switch levels, was investigated to evaluate a cognitive equivalent of motor switching and flexibility. The results showed that higher fitness levels led to performing more accurately in the task switch condition. The manipulation of task difficulty resulted in a lower threshold separation and non-decision time but a faster drift rate in a relatively simple task, but higher criteria, non-decision time and lower drift rate in the difficult task. Overall, in addition to performing better on cognitive tasks, the open skill sport (volleyball) group had better performance than nonsporting and exercise group when under different pressure manipulations.
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Montgomery, Jacki. "Social impact through active participation : a case of an engaging cause marketing experience." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:67437.
Full textAbstract:
Governments around the globe are failing to meaningfully address social crises, thereby placing additional pressure on non-profit organisations to meet increasing demands to care for those in need. One way by which non-profit organisations can galvanise more volunteer support and funding for their cause, is to enter into an alliance with a company or companies, and together create programs or initiatives to raise funds and awareness. Cause marketing is one such initiative, which also invites consumer involvement in varying degrees to help solve an issue or contribute to a cause. The past decade has seen the emergence of a more innovative form of cause marketing – one that requires a greater degree of consumer involvement, in particular their active participation in the initiative. Whilst there is a rich literature exploring commercial impacts of various cause marketing initiatives, there is very little research on the impacts to those consumers who actively participate in this more innovative form of cause marketing. This thesis contributes to the gap in the literature by exploring the direct and indirect impacts of active participation in a cause marketing initiative – on the participants themselves and more broadly on others. Using an interpretivist perspective, the researcher has undertaken a novel approach to qualitative methodology and analysis, and has drawn upon the literature of diverse fields such as psychology, social psychology, sports, tourism, social marketing, health and the non-profit sector. The case study chosen for this research was the cause marketing initiative: the Vinnies CEO Sleepout, which requires consumers’ active participation. Since it began in 2006 in Sydney, Australia, it has raised over AUD 49 million to fund the homeless services that St Vincent de Paul provides. Findings indicate that the impacts to the CEOs were considerable, particularly in the enhancement of human capital, mental health and social capital. ‘Compassion’ emerged as an unanticipated outcome. The ‘experience’ of the initiative was considered extremely important to the participants. Considerable positive change to CEOs’ social, eudaimonic and hedonic well-being was identified. Also noted were the examples provide by the CEOs of various changes (and potential impacts) to the well-being of their networks and the wider community.
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Гінатуліна, Аліна Рафаелівна. "Публічне адміністрування примусового стягнення аліментів за участі Державної виконавчої служби України: питання правового регулювання та практика реалізації". Магістерська робота, 2020. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/2634.
Full textAbstract:
Гінатуліна А. Р. Публічне адміністрування примусового стягнення аліментів за участі Державної виконавчої служби України: питання правового регулювання та практика реалізації : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 081 "Право" / наук. керівник Т. О. Коломоєць. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ. 2020. 103 с.<br>UA : Кваліфікаційна робота складається зі 103 сторінок, містить 70 джерела використаної інформації.
Законодавство України детально регламентує особливості правовідносин щодо захисту прав дитини, а саме обов’язок батьків утримувати своїх неповнолітніх дітей. Основним законом держави – Конституцією України, передбачено, що батьки зобов’язані утримувати своїх дітей до їх повноліття. Такий обов’язок також передбачений ст. 180 Сімейного кодексу України, відповідно до якої батьки зобов’язані утримувати дитину до досягнення нею повноліття, а в окремих випадках – і своїх повнолітніх дітей.
Своєю чергою, сімейне законодавство передбачає два порядки сплати аліментів: за згодою сторін і за рішенням суду. Тому вивчення теоретичних і практичних проблем, що виникають в різні історичні періоди в зв’язку із застосуванням норм, що регулюють аналізовані відносини, дозволяє виявити основні тенденції розвитку таких норм.
Як показує зарубіжний досвід, тема аліментних зобов’язань реалізована у багатьох країнах світу. Досвід інших країн у боротьбі за сплату аліментів демонструє приклади, схожі на ті, що діють в Україні. Це, зокрема, встановлення мінімального розміру аліментів, збільшення їх розміру пропорційно до заробітку платника, що діє в Німеччині, Великій Британії, Австрії, Франції, Швейцарії, Сполучених Штатах і Канаді.
Крім того, у багатьох країнах діють суворі норми в плані виплати аліментів. Наприклад, у Франції і Швейцарії розірвання шлюбу можливе лише після оформлення угоди про сплату аліментів, у США й Канаді боржників позбавляють водійських посвідчень, а в Британії можуть присудити домашній арешт.
Метою кваліфікаційної роботи є комплексний аналіз аліментних правовідносин, чинного законодавства, яке передбачає діяльність та регулювання аліментних правовідносин з приводу примусового виконання рішень судів про стягнення аліментів з батьків на користь їх неповнолітніх дітей.
Наукова новизна дослідження полягає, перш за все, в тому, що здійснено спробу комплексного дослідження аліментних зобов’язань з урахуванням останніх змін у чинному законодавстві України.
Об’єктом дослідження даної кваліфікаційної роботи є суспільні відносини, з приводу примусового виконання рішень судів про стягнення аліментів на користь неповнолітніх дітей.
Предметом дослідження є норми чинного законодавства України, судова та виконавча практика у справах про стягнення аліментів, викладання виконавчого процесу під час виконання рішення суду про стягнення аліментів з батьків на користь неповнолітніх дітей.
Методологічну основу роботи складає:
- формально-юридичний метод при дослідженні чинних правових норм, присвячених регулюванню аліментних відносин;
- системно-структурним підходом характеризується, зокрема, аналіз законодавчого визначення поняття сім’ї, визначення кола членів сім’ї та його співвідношення з колом суб’єктів аліментних прав та обов’язків;
Теоретико-методологічною основою дослідження є історичний підхід, відповідно до якого розглядаються проблемні питання з урахуванням впливу рівня соціально-економічного розвитку суспільства на реґулювання аліментних відносин, а також застосовується порівняльно-правовий метод при дослідженні законодавства зарубіжних країн.<br>EN : Qualifying work consists of 103 pages, contains 70 sources of information used.
The legislation of Ukraine regulates in detail the specifics of the legal relationship regarding the protection of the rights of the child, namely the obligation of parents to support their minor children. The basic law of the state - the Constitution of Ukraine, provides that parents are obliged to keep their children until they reach the age of majority. Such an obligation is also provided for in Art. 180 of the Family Code of Ukraine, according to which parents are obliged to keep a child until he or she reaches the age of majority, and in some cases - to their adult children.
In turn, family law provides for two child support payments: with the consent of the parties and the court. Therefore, the study of theoretical and practical problems that arise in different historical periods in connection with the application of the rules governing the analyzed relations, reveals the main trends in the development of such rules.
Foreign experience shows that the topic of alimony obligations is implemented in many countries around the world. The experience of other countries in the fight for child support shows examples similar to those in force in Ukraine. This includes, in particular, setting a minimum alimony, increasing their proportion to the payer's earnings in Germany, the United Kingdom, Austria, France, Switzerland, the United States and Canada.
In addition, in many countries, there are strict standards for alimony payments. For example, in France and Switzerland, divorce is only possible after a child support agreement has been drawn up, in the US and Canada, the debtor is deprived of his driver's license, and in Britain he can be given house arrest.
The purpose of qualification work is a comprehensive analysis of alimony relationships, current legislation, which provides for the activity and regulation of alimony relationships regarding the enforcement of court decisions on the recovery of alimony from parents for the benefit of their minor children.
The scientific novelty of the research is, first of all, that an attempt has been made to comprehensively investigate alimony obligations, taking into account the latest changes in the current legislation of Ukraine.
The subject of the study of this qualification work is public relations regarding the enforcement of court decisions on child support for minors.
The subject of the study is the norms of the current legislation of Ukraine, judicial and enforcement practice in cases of alimony collection, teaching of the enforcement process during the execution of the court decision to recover alimony from parents for the benefit of minor children.
The methodological basis of the work is:
- formal legal method in the study of the current legal norms on the regulation of alimony relations;
- the system-structural approach is characterized, in particular, by the analysis of the legislative definition of the concept of family, the definition of the circle of family members and its relation with the circle of subjects of alimony rights and duties;
The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is a historical approach, according to which the problems are considered taking into account the influence of the level of socio-economic development of society on the regulation of alimentary relations, as well as the comparative-legal method is applied in the study of the legislation of foreign countries.
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Gamboa, Bárbara Celeste Ferreira. "O princípio do contraditório nas providências cautelares à luz da realidade jurídica angolana: análise e perspetivas." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/60937.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado em Direito Judiciário<br>A recente Constituição angolana veio estabelecer, entre outros, um leque de direitos,
liberdades e garantias fundamentais do qual o princípio do acesso a justiça é parte e de onde
radica o princípio do contraditório. Este princípio permite que as partes tenham participação efetiva
no processo, porém, no Processo Civil o princípio do contraditório tem uma consagração que não
encontra correspondência com o previsto na Constituição, permitindo que, em casos como
determinadas providências cautelares, o princípio encontre restrições levando a emissão da
providência sem a prévia audiência do requerido.
Estas restrições não garantem a participação efetiva das partes nem a equidade no
processo e como tal põe em causa a realização da justiça, numa altura em que se procura
consolidar valores como justiça, igualdade, segurança e certeza jurídica através dos processos
judiciais, mesmo que nestes se procure uma decisão provisória/intermédia.
Como entender estas restrições ou admiti-las, partindo da análise do contraditório na
Constituição e no Processo Civil? Existirão razões, além das constitucionais que justificam a
alteração do regime ordinário vigente? O que levou aos seguintes objetivos: Verificar a (in)
constitucionalidade da preterição do princípio do contraditório em sede do Código de Processo
Civil e, não sendo inconstitucional, os eventuais fundamentos para a restrição daquele são
suficientemente fortes que a justificam? Para a prossecução de tais objetivos utilizou-se o método
de comparação e o de abordagem dedutivo para aferir o impacto que o tema pode ter na sociedade
angolana.
Chegou-se a conclusão de que o contraditório é sempre verificável e as consagrações
contrárias à Constituição não devem ser aplicadas, pelo que se exige uma alteração do atual
regime ordinário máxime nas providências cautelares; e que à mesma conclusão chegar-se-ia
também com base em fundamentos jurídico-legais apresentados e pela situação fática atual.<br>The recent Angolan Constitution established, inter alia, a range of fundamental rights,
freedoms and guarantees, from which the principle of the access to justice is a part and from which
the principle of contradictory arises. This principle allows the parties to have effective participation
in the process. However, in the Civil Procedure, the principle of the contradictory has a consecration
that does not meet the provisions of the Constitution, allowing, in cases such as certain
precautionary proceedings, that the principle finds restraints leading to the court to issue a
sentence without the prior hearing of the defendant.
These restrictions do not guarantee the effective participation of the parties nor equity in
the process and therefore undermine the realization of justice, at times when the State seeks to
consolidate values such as justice, equality, legal safety and certainty by judicial processes even
though through in these processes an interim or intermediate decision is sought.
How to understand these restrictions or admit them, starting from the analysis of the
contradictory in the Constitution and in the Civil Procedure. Are there any reasons besides the
constitutional ones that justifies the amendment of the ordinary regime in force? This led to the
following objectives: To verify the (un) constitutionality of the non-verification of the principle of the
contradictory in the Code of Civil Procedure and, if not being unconstitutional, the possible grounds
for its restriction are strong enough that justify it? To achieve these objectives, the method of
comparison and the deductive approach were used to gauge the impact that the theme may have
on Angolan society.
In the it was concluded that the contradictory is always verifiable and conscription contrary
to the constitution should not be applied, and therefore a modification of the current ordinary
regime is required in the precautionary proceedings; and that the same conclusion would also be
reached on the basis of the legal bases presented and the current factual situation.