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Ashford, Richard A. "Negotiating Donor Participation in the Sri Lankan Educational Sector." Comparative Education Review 53, no. 3 (August 2009): 355–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/599102.
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Fernando, Suman, and Chamindra Weerackody. "Challenges in Developing Community Mental Health Services in Sri Lanka." Journal of Health Management 11, no. 1 (January 2009): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097206340901100113.
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There are several issues to be faced in developing mental health services in South Asia if they are to be culturally and socially appropriate to the needs of the communities in the region. The meanings of mental health relevant to culturally appropriate service development can be obtained by exploring local notions of well-being, systems of care available to people and current practices among those seeking help for mental health problems. Participatory research carried out in communities in Sri Lanka affected by prolonged armed conflict and by the 2004 tsunami clarified the nature of well-being as perceived by communities themselves. Subsequent development of mental health services for Sri Lanka can be based on community consultation, using methodologies and interventions that involve the participation of the communities and their local institutions, and adapting relevant western approaches to the Sri Lankan context.
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Done, Rishani Deepika Gangodage, Jina Oh, Mihae Im, and Jiyoung Park. "Pediatric Nurses' Perspectives on Family-Centered Care in Sri Lanka: A Mixed-Methods Study." Child Health Nursing Research 26, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2020.26.1.72.
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Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate nurses’ perceptions and performance of family-centered care (FCC) at a children’s hospital in Sri Lanka and to explore the feasibility of implementing FCC in the context of the Sri Lankan healthcare system.Methods: A convergent, parallel, mixed-methods design was applied to understand Sri Lankan nurses’ perspectives on FCC. In total, 157 nurses working at a large teritagy children’s hospital responded to a self-report survey and 18 nurses participated in focus group interviews.Results: Of the factors of FCC, family participation in caring for children received the highest score (4.09±0.51) for perceptions, and information-sharing received the highest score (3.54±0.55) for performance. The qualitative data revealed the following five themes: (a) importance of the family in caring for children; (b) helping families during children’s hospitalization; (c) taking steps to implement FCC, even with imperfect knowledge; (d) barriers in the current situation; and (e) suggested strategies to promote FCC.Conclusion: Participants endorsed the concept of FCC and demonstrated some aspects of it in their day-to-day practice. The results indicate a clear knowledge deficit and several challenges, which need to be addressed to effectively implement FCC.
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Gamage, Prasanna J., Lauren V. Fortington, and Caroline F. Finch. "Adaptation, translation and reliability of the Australian ‘Juniors Enjoying Cricket Safely’ injury risk perception questionnaire for Sri Lanka." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 4, no. 1 (February 2018): e000289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000289.
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ObjectivesCricket is a very popular sport in Sri Lanka. In this setting there has been limited research; specifically, there is little knowledge of cricket injuries. To support future research possibilities, the aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt, translate and test the reliability of an Australian-developed questionnaire for the Sri Lankan context.MethodsThe Australian ‘Juniors Enjoying Cricket Safely’ (JECS-Aus) injury risk perception questionnaire was cross-culturally adapted to suit the Sri Lankan context and subsequently translated into the two main languages (Sinhala and Tamil) based on standard forward-back translation. The translated questionnaires were examined for content validity by two language schoolteachers. The questionnaires were completed twice, 2 weeks apart, by two groups of school cricketers (males) aged 11–15 years (Sinhala (n=24), Tamil (n=30)) to assess reliability. Test–retest scores were evaluated for agreement. Where responses were <100% agreement, Cohen’s kappa (κ) statistics were calculated. Questions with moderate-to-poor test–retest reliability (κ<0.6) were reconsidered for modification.ResultsBoth the Sinhala and Tamil questionnaires had 100% agreement for questions on demographic data, and 88%–100% agreement for questions on participation in cricket and injury history. Of the injury risk perception questions, 72% (Sinhala) and 90% (Tamil) questions showed a substantial (κ=0.61–0.8) and almost perfect (κ=0.81–1.0) test–retest agreement.ConclusionThe adapted and translated JECS-SL questionnaire demonstrated strong reliability. This is the first study to adapt the JECS-Aus questionnaire for use in a different population, providing an outcome measure for assessing injury risk perceptions in Sri Lankan junior cricketers.
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McIntosh, Esther M. "Transitional Local Governance and Minority Political Participation in Post War Sri Lanka." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 2 (June 13, 2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i2.13277.
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In 2011, two years after the end of Sri Lanka’s bitter civil war that spanned three decades, there were more than 600,000 Tamil minority citizens in the country’s Northern Province eligible to vote in local government elections, which took place for the first time since 1998 . The Sri Lankan Tamils, the country’s largest minority group, make up 15.9% of the total population and are geographically concentrated in the northern province where they make up 93% of the population. The northern province looms large in the contemporary socio-political history of Sri Lanka. It was not only the physical battleground between the state’s army and the Liberation Tigers for Tamil Eelam (LTTE), but is symbolic of an ideational clash about how the state should deal with ethnic difference (De Silva 1996; Uyangoda 2007). The defeat of the secessionist LTTE which formerly administered parts of the northern province combine with the state’s preference for a unitary and centralized structure, suggests that it is now in the realist parameters of decentralized local spaces that the elected representatives of Tamil minorities must realize the ideals of local self-government, facilitate the complex needs of minority citizens and engage the Sinhalese-Buddhist nation state. This paper analyses several key acts, the National Policy on Local Government (2009) combined with secondary and empirical research to explore the political underpinnings of decentralization. It argues that understanding the multiple and complex ways in which minority citizens interact with, and participate in, political processes is fundamental to understanding the practice of local representation and self-government at the sub-national level, and within the wider polity of post war Sri Lanka. It contributes to the paucity of empirical research on post-conflict local governance transitions (Shou and Haug 2005, Jackson and Scott, 2006).
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Perera, Travis. "Creative Destruction and the Aftermath of the Tsunami." Industry and Higher Education 21, no. 1 (February 2007): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000007780222769.
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The tsunami of 26 December 2004 killed over 35,000 people in Sri Lanka, made 400,000 jobless and damaged the economy by 6·5%. The physical damage was around US$1·5billion, with reconstruction costing $2 billion. Although entrepreneurs are opportunity seekers, take risks and thrive in uncertainty, the alignment of competency and institutional support was not fully realized for recovery. This problem is studied by revisiting inertia theory (to understand entrepreneurial inertia), network theory (for the interaction of environment and entrepreneur), and theory on disaster management (to understand stage-related issues). The objective of the paper is to provide insights into the current recovery process and future preparedness for small business management following natural disasters. The paper is based on a survey of 89 Sri Lankan small businesses affected by the tsunami which are now in the process of recovery. The procedures and techniques adopted by the Postgraduate Institute of Management in Sri Lanka, based on active participation combined with observation and systems design, proved highly effective in aiding entrepreneurs on their path to recovery.
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Wijeratne, M., and K. H. K. L. Piyasiri. "Conservation of crop wild relatives: a Sri Lankan experience in community participation." Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension 18, no. 2 (November 24, 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tare.v18i2.5328.
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Wijesekera, N. T. S., and N. C. Weerakkody. "Public Participation in Environmental Assessment of Development Projects - The Sri Lankan Situation." Engineer: Journal of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka 39, no. 2 (April 20, 2006): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/engineer.v39i2.7181.
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Wijetunge, Pradeepa. "Access to Scholarly Publications through Consortium in Sri Lanka A Case Study." DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 39, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.39.1.13718.
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This paper illustrates the complicated process of formulating a library consortium in Sri Lanka, and the process of preliminary activities, selection of databases, awareness raising and training and the later developments are presented as a case study, using appropriate Tables, Figures and textual discussions. Insights are provided to the factors that contributed to the slow but steady establishment and development including the support of the top management of the University Grants Commission, participation of as many academics as possible and the collaborative nature of the implementation process. This is the first ever paper written on the formulation of the Sri Lankan consortium and the publishing will help many researchers to gain firsthand information about its beginnings. Also, the library leaders from other countries where the socio-economic and attitudinal conditions are similar can use the lessons learnt from this initiative for their benefit.
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Rajapaksha, Tharindu Ishanka, and Lalitha S. Fernando. "An analysis of the standards of the government websites of Sri Lanka." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 10, no. 1 (March 21, 2016): 47–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-09-2013-0036.
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Purpose This paper aims to identify the reasons for the lower ranking of the Online Service Index of Sri Lanka under the United Nations E-Government Readiness Index. The study is conducted as a comparative study on selected Asian countries and suggests remedial measures for the improvement of the status of e-government of Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach In this regard, as the sample of websites ranked according to the Online Service Index of the United Nations, five government websites of Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh and Singapore were selected. They are the national portal and the websites of the five Ministries: The Ministry of Education, Finance, Health, Labor and of Social Services. Asian countries selected are India, Bangladesh and Singapore including Sri Lanka. Observation method was the mainly used method for data collection. The websites were evaluated in contrast with the help of the “Main features reviewed by the United Nations E-government Survey” as the checklist. Substantial description and scoring methods were used for the analysis of the data and the presentation of the findings of the study. Findings Thus, several weaknesses of the online services of the government websites of Sri Lanka were identified. Among them, the major reasons identified for the lower rank of the Sri Lankan Online Service Index were, for example, the inability to identify the exact website of national portal, the lack of accessibility or usability features, the weaknesses in the active maintenance of the “Contact us” feature, service-delivery capability features, citizen participation and also interconnectedness features. The above weaknesses have been the key/root causes for the decline of the rank of the Online Service Index of Sri Lanka. Research limitations/implications From five government websites, selected three foreign Asian countries were in focus because of practical limitations. Another difficulty faced in the analysis and comparison of the websites was that the information with regard to the United Nations evaluation methodology/criteria has not been adequately provided. Practical implications The findings of this study provide information for the policy makers, web standards, evaluation criteria developers and almost all the government organizations to address key issues related to this field for the maximization of citizen participation, the enhancement of the service-delivery capabilities and accessibility features of websites to improve the online services of the government. This study unfolded several areas for the future researchers. Those researches can also be conducted based on sub indexes of the United Nations E-Government Readiness Index. The same method could be used to examine Human Capital Index, Telecommunication and Infrastructure Index and Citizen Participation Index. This research could also be expanded through observations of foreign countries. Originality/value This paper provides an overview of the quality of government websites of Sri Lanka compared to the selected Asian countries. Through the utilization of this scoring method, four major weaknesses that contribute to the lower ranking of the online service of Sri Lanka were identified with suggestions indented for the improvement of the government websites.
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Gamhewage, M. I., P. Sivashankar, R. P. Mahaliyanaarachchi, A. W. Wijeratne, and I. C. Hettiarachchi. "Women participation in urban agriculture and its influence on family economy - Sri Lankan experience." Journal of Agricultural Sciences 10, no. 3 (September 2, 2015): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jas.v10i3.8072.
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Nuggehalli, Roshni K., and Linda Stalker Prokopy. "Motivating factors and facilitating conditions explaining women's participation in co-management of Sri Lankan forests." Forest Policy and Economics 11, no. 4 (July 2009): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2009.05.002.
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Wijethilaka, Sunil, Lakshani S. Weerasekara, Saumya Bandara, and Kithsiri B. Ranawana. "Assessment of crop and property damage caused by Semnopithecus vetulus nestor (Bennett, 1833) (Mammalia: Primates: Cercopithecidae) in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): 18141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6582.13.5.18141-18147.
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In earlier times, human-monkey interactions were not a severe problem in Sri Lanka, but has recently intensified as a result of habitat fragmentation and urbanization. Due to these changes, Semnopithecus vetulus nestor has been listed among the 25 most Endangered primates. The objective of our study was to evaluate the intensity of human-S.v. nestor negative interaction by identifying the crop and property damages in villages bordering Danawkanda Forest (7.001N & 80.049E), Gampaha, Sri Lanka. We collected data using structured questionnaires interviewing households (N= 80) bordering the Danawkanda Forest from August 2014 to January 2015. Households were most affected by damage to fruits, leaves, and buds of commercially important trees (93%), followed by damage to roof tiles (76%), and frightful confrontations with the monkeys (43%). Average monthly loss per household from crop and property damage was estimated at between (Sri Lankan Rupees) LKR 2,700 and LKR 1,500. Lighting firecrackers was the most common method used by the residents (99%) to deter monkeys, where as electrified barriers were rarely used (4%). Households in close proximity to Danawkanda Forest experienced a considerable loss to their monthly income due to crop and property damage, compared to households further away. As an alternative, residents now grow ornamental plants and short trees, eliminating the structures that attract and facilitate damage by S.v. nestor. Awareness and active participation of residents, authorized government, and non-governmental organizations are needed to manage unplanned construction and agriculture plot extensions into the forest. These two factors trigger the human-wildlife negative interactions in general and are not limited just to monkeys.
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MacAskill, Kristen, and Peter Guthrie. "Disaster risk reduction and empowering local government – a case comparison between Sri Lanka and New Zealand." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 7, no. 4 (September 12, 2016): 318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-05-2015-0030.
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Purpose This paper examines the role of government in New Zealand in facilitating the development of resilience in the built environment, with reference to the post-earthquake recovery of Christchurch. A cross-case comparison of the institutional structures and arrangements for disaster risk management (DRM) between Sri Lanka and New Zealand provides a useful basis to consider the broader implications of the findings from both countries. Particular consideration is given to the role of community participation in DRM decisions. Design/methodology/approach Malalgoda and Amaratunga (2015) recently published an article on empowering local governments to develop resilience in the built environment in Sri Lanka. This paper provides a response to their discussion in conjunction with a New Zealand case study. Findings Despite being one of the most advanced countries in the world with regards to DRM, New Zealand faces significant challenges in implementation, chief amongst which is that local governments have yet to truly prioritize DRM in urban development. While community consultation is embedded in the legislative framework, requirements for consultation were somewhat misjudged by the local government in Christchurch’s recovery. A lesson to be learnt from Christchurch’s experience is that even if the Sri Lankan authorities follow Malalgoda and Amaratunga’s recommendations for greater devolution of powers to local government, there will be tensions if community expectations over consultation are not met. Originality/value The cross-case analysis offers a helpful lens through which it is possible to examine DRM. It is useful for informing governments and other stakeholders, helping them to understand the challenges their institutions may face in facilitating DRM and building resilience.
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Adikari, Pamila, and Shanti Dalpatadu. "A Research Project to Improve Human Resource Record Management System of Nurses In A Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka." Jurnal Manajemen 11, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32832/jm-uika.v11i1.2911.
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<p>Background: Poor quality records management in Sri Lankan Hospital offices is a major dissatisfaction and demotivation for healthcare staff. An intervention research project to improve the record management of selected Human Resource (HR) records of nurses in an Office of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Sri Lanka was carried out to identify the gaps, implement improvements and to test the outcome.<br />Methods: Grade promotion and annual increment HR processes considered for the improvements. Qualitative and quantitative techniques used for gap identification, planning of interventions and assessment of the effectiveness. A package of quality improvements initiatives implemented following literature review and stakeholder participation.<br />Results: Absence of instructions/sample filled-forms and issues in the document flow were the inconsistencies noted. The record processing time was 30.83 days with an SD of ±4.84 for completion of annual increments and 24.33 days with an SD of ±4.21 for authorisation of grade promotions. The package of interventions included e-based/ paper-based guides and specimen request forms and a document movement register to track the records. Increased accessibility, accuracy, improved quality, timeliness and improved traceability of submitted forms and improvements in the average time spent for annual increments and grade promotions noted; 17.52 days (SD ±3.39) and 12.13 days (SD ±2.33) respectively, a statistically significant reduction (p<0.05). <br />Conclusion: Implementation of quality improvement interventions using computer based initiatives with stakeholder participation can improve office management issues in the tertiary hospital setting.</p>
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De Silva, Liyanachchi Mahesha Harshani, and Charith D. Chitraranjan. "Factors Affecting on Gaining a Sustainable Competitive Advantage for Sri Lankan Higher Educational Institutes." International Business Research 11, no. 4 (March 12, 2018): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v11n4p106.
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Over the past few years, number of seats has grown significantly in Higher Education Institutes (HEI), thus it becomes prudent to look at the ways of improving decision making of the HEI. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate factors affecting the sustainable competitive advantage. Since literature does not support strong underpinnings in this area, an exploratory and grounded theory-based study was designed to conduct this study. The main contribution of this research is that we propose factors to consider for an HEI to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Our findings indicate that proper student-teacher relationship, maintaining good reputation, maintaining a high rank and good indexing’s, maintain good relationships with industries, student participation in competitions, accreditation from reputable institutions are the most significant factors affecting the sustainable competitive advantage (AA) within Sri Lankan HEIs. To remain competitive and obtain competitive advantages, HEI decision makers can try to increase organizational performance by managing each dimension of core competence, i.e. Market profile; Innovation and Core Competencies.
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Sisira Kumara, Ajantha, and Vilani Sachitra. "Modeling the participation in physical exercises by university academic community in Sri Lanka." Health Education 121, no. 5 (June 15, 2021): 504–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-02-2021-0031.
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PurposeThe World Health Organization issued its global action plan on physical activities 2018–2030, emphasizing the importance of context-specific evidence on the subject. Accordingly, this study aims to provide unique and important policy insights on trends and drivers of participation in physical exercises by academic community in Sri Lankan universities.Design/methodology/approachFor this purpose, we collected cross-sectional data (n = 456) in 2020 using a survey, and first, estimated a double-hurdle model to uncover covariates influencing likelihood and intensity of physical exercises overall. Second, count-data models are estimated to capture regularity of key exercises.FindingsThe results reveal that about 50% of members do not participate in any general physical exercise. Older members (marginal effect (ME) = 3.764, p < 0.01), non-Buddhists (ME = 54.889, p < 0.01) and alcohol consumers (ME = 32.178, p < 0.05) exhibit a higher intensity of participating in exercises overall. The intensity is lower for rural members (ME = −63.807, p < 0.01) and those with health insurance covers (ME = −31.447, p < 0.05). Individuals diagnosed for chronic illnesses show a higher likelihood of exercising but, their time devotion is limited. The number of children the academic staff members have as parents reduces the likelihood, but for those who choose to exercise have higher time devotion with increased number of children. The covariates play a similar role in determining regularity of key exercises: walking, jogging and exercising on workout machines.Research limitations/implicationsThe results imply a need to promote exercising in general and particularly among younger, healthy, insured and female individuals living in rural sector.Originality/valueThe study covers an under-researched professional sub-group in an under-researched developing context, examining both the likelihood and regularity of exercising as both dimensions are equally important for individuals to maintain healthy lives.
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Marambe, Kosala N., Deepthi H. Edussuriya, and Dharshana Jayawickrama. "Feedback provided by clinical teachers during undergraduate medical training: A Sri Lankan experience." Asia Pacific Scholar 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29060/taps.2020-5-3/oa2157.
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Introduction: Feedback reinforces good practice, identifies deficiencies and directs the learner to narrow the gap between actual and desired performance thus, playing a crucial role in the development of competence in medical training. However, feedback if not carefully handled can result in de-motivation and deterioration in performance. It is believed that culture plays an important role in the way behaviours are valued and tolerated in educational settings. Aim: To explore perceptions of Sri Lankan medical graduands on feedback received from teachers during clinical training. Method: The study was conducted on a single intake of medical graduates after release of final MBBS results, ensured maximum variation sampling by including students from high, average and low performance categories. Participation was voluntary. Interviews were conducted using a short interview guide, transcribed and themes identified. Results: 21 interviews were conducted. There were eight, six and seven volunteers from the high performing, average and poorly performing groups respectively. 63% were male. Positive experiences encompassed; trainer taking a balanced approach to feedback by acknowledging good practices while indicating negative aspects, providing an emotionally supportive environment, clear articulation, offering focused learner support and motivating the learners through encouraging words and support to realize their potential. Negative experiences encompassed fault finding, biased nature and indiscreet behaviour of the trainers. Conclusion: Sri Lankan medical graduands have experienced desirable and undesirable teacher behaviours during feedback episodes. Accurate conceptualization of ‘feedback process’ among clinical teachers and proactive measures to enhance the skills of teachers on giving feedback is needed.
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C. S. Herath. "Do Belief Differences Lead to Change in Behavior? A Study of Sri Lankan Coconut Farmers." CORD 28, no. 1 (April 1, 2012): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v28i1.110.
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Technology adoption by farmers is an important factor in agricultural development in both developing and developed countries that has not been achieved over the past years. The level of technology adoption is highly dependent on farmers’ beliefs and attitudes. Therefore, adoption studies are important to identify beliefs and attitudes of farmers that affect decision making. The present study tries to explain and identify the effect of motivation on farmers’ behavior to acquire knowledge and what are their beliefs and motives that underlie adoption of technology. The theory of planned behavior provides a structure to identify farmers’ behavioral intention with respect to attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. The Self Determination Theory provides an explanatory system for the understanding of the motivation behind volitional behavior. These two theories serve as the key methodology for the study. The results revealed that, farmers’ participation in technology dissemination programmes and their willingness to gain information and skills have a significant relationship with intrinsic motivation. Further, those farmers hold positive beliefs towards new technology adoption and innovations. Therefore, two types of extension approaches are needed to enhance the technology adoption for intrinsically motivated and extrinsically motivated farmers.
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Hewapathirana, Roshan, and Shriyananda Rathnayake. "How Health Managers' Trust Towards FOSS Implementors Changed and Shaped HIS Implantation Trajectories." International Journal of User-Driven Healthcare 4, no. 1 (January 2014): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijudh.2014010102.
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In developing countries, implementation of FOSS health information systems demands participation of diverse organizational actors and, can be considered similar to software outsourcing exercise. The multi sectoral actors operate in a network form of governance model where psychological and social contracts are important in maintain the fabric of the network organization. Inter-personal and inter-organizational trust is a key constituent in psychological and social contracts in IS outsourcing. This article attempt to reflect the empirical evidence of trust based governance of the network organization around 2 FOSS HIS implantation within the state health sector with an inter-organizational trust lenses. The longitudinal case studies try to understand how health managers' trust towards FOSS implementors changed and shaped HIS implementation trajectories with long term repeated interactions during two HIS implementations in Sri Lankan context.
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Vithana, P. V. S. C., C. J. Jayasundara, A. N. J. Barnasuriya, H. M. I. Handagiripathira, B. M. N. D. Batugedara, and A. Basnayaka. "Adolescents' Perspective on Need of E-Health and M-Health Interventions for Establishing Healthy Lifestyles in Sri Lanka." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 16s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.41400.
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Background: Adolescents accounts for 16% of Sri Lankan population of 20.4 million. Unhealthy lifestyles such as physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary habits, tobacco consumption, alcohol and other substance use are known risk factors for cancer and other noncommunicable diseases. Aim: Study assessed adolescents’ perception of the need, acceptability and suggestions on establishing healthy lifestyles among adolescents through e health and m health interventions using web-based platforms in Sri Lanka. Methods: Qualitative assessment using four focus group discussions (FGDs) among youth trainees of 15-19 years in Western Province of Sri Lanka in 2015. FGD guide was developed. Two facilitators conducted the discussions. Each focus group consisted of 9-10 trainees. Informed verbal-consent was obtained prior to the discussions. Privacy and confidentiality were ensured. Meetings were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed by identifying themes and categories using constant comparison. Results: All the trainees had a firm realization on the need of e health interventions including m health and Web-based platforms on adolescent health. FGDs revealed inadequacy skills and motivation on having healthy lifestyles among adolescents, lack of e sources with accurate information on healthy lifestyle and disease prevention in local languages and lack of awareness and motivation on available options for health promotion among adolescents. Suggested interventions were having adolescent health Website for promotion of healthy lifestyles in local languages, having interactive component incorporated into it, having computer games enabling healthy lifestyles, toll free hot lines and tele-medicine, raising awareness through social media and introduction of mobile apps on physical activity, healthy dietary habits and how to say no for tobacco, alcohol and other substances. They further highlighted to need of having mobile apps and Web based interventions for supporting cessations of tobacco, alcohol and other substances. They wanted to have free SMS and MMS services reminding them on healthy lifestyles, risk of cancer and other noncommunicable diseases due to unhealthy lifestyles and available services and facilities for having healthy lifestyles. Need of advertising about all available services for adolescents including e and m health interventions through targeting adolescents and youth in social media was pointed out. Need of adolescents participation in the whole process was highlighted. Conclusion: All the trainees perceived the need of having m health and e health interventions for establishing healthy lifestyles. Suggested interventions were: m health and e health interventions in adolescent friendly manner in all three languages, raising awareness on m and e health interventions, advertising on service availability, having hotlines and mobile apps and improving the quality of available services.
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Thiranagama, Sharika. "The civility of strangers? Caste, ethnicity, and living together in postwar Jaffna, Sri Lanka." Anthropological Theory 18, no. 2-3 (June 2018): 357–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499617744476.
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The question asked by this article is as follows: How do different kinds of people live together in a hierarchical world that has been challenged and transformed through the leveling effects of deep ethnicization and war? I examine two different kinds of relationships in contemporary postwar Jaffna: first, an inter-ethnic, external Tamil/Muslim division that has led to people relating to each other as categorical strangers; and second, an intra-ethnic, internal caste relationship through which different castes relate to each other as intimate strangers. These inter-ethnic and intra-caste distinctions have been forged through recent histories of violence and struggle, and indicate key tensions and transformations around postwar life on the Jaffna peninsula, part of the former warzone during the Sri Lankan civil war and long considered the ideological heart of Tamil nationalism. When ethnic mobilization—the possibility of egalitarian mutuality and solidarity as well as the pain, trauma and sacrifice of war, and ethnic cleansing—emerges within deeply hierarchical worlds that continually produce modes of distinction, what kinds of struggles arise within inter-ethnic and intra-caste relations? Given that public life is historically built on unequal participation, and that living together has been a historical struggle, we need to ask how we understand the particular embedded civilities that have made living together such a problem over time. Rather than see civility as an abstract code of prescriptions in relation to the maintenance of non-violent order, I suggest that it is possible to see different modalities of civility produced with regard to specific others/strangers. These modalities can conflict with each other, given that civility can be either hierarchically produced or governed by an egalitarian drive toward public forms of dignity and equality. I propose that civility has a social location, discourses, and understandings in hierarchical worlds that are necessarily different depending on who is speaking.
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Gomez, Mario. "The Right to Information and Transformative Development Outcomes." Law and Development Review 12, no. 3 (October 25, 2019): 837–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ldr-2019-0046.
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Abstract One of the innovations of the past 30 years has been the creation and subsequent use of the “right to information (RTI)” to deepen democracy, enhance citizen participation and generate transparent systems of governance. Transitional societies and existing democracies alike have embraced legal regimes on the right to information. An RTI law gives a person a right to demand information from a public body (and in some cases from private bodies as well) without having to disclose why the information is being sought. Such a right can enhance transparency in public administration, decrease the level of arbitrary decision-making, and facilitate citizen participation at local, regional and central government levels. It can also reduce corruption and prevent the abuse of public power. UN Sustainable Development Goal 16 commits States to promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels. More particularly, Target 16.10 aims to “ensure public access to information”. By examining the work of the Sri Lankan RTI Commission over the past 2 years, this Article assesses whether RTI regimes and RTI commissions can be transformative in their impact, including to help realize SDG Goal 16. Can they help generate transparent, participatory and less-corrupt development outcomes, foster a concept of active citizenship, provide genuine public scrutiny of government decision-making, and enable citizens to benefit from an inclusive development process?
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Ranasinghe, Padmini D., and Becca R. Levy. "Prevalence of and Sex Disparities in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an Internally Displaced Sri Lankan Population 6 Months After the 2004 Tsunami." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 1, no. 1 (July 2007): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dmp.0b013e318068fbb7.
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ABSTRACTBackground: When the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami suddenly hit unsuspecting coastal populations in Sri Lanka, it inflicted unprecedented devastation including 35,000 deaths and 500,000 people displaced. Evaluating the psychological impact of this natural disaster provides valuable insights into planning interventions and disaster preparedness.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 264 adult males and females ≥16 years old living in temporary shelters housing tsunami survivors at 6 months. Interviewer-administered structured interviews were conducted to measure posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its risk factors.Results: The participation rate was 97%. Of the subjects, 56% met criteria for symptoms of PTSD, with females at 64% and males at 42%. Females had at least twice the risk of experiencing PTSD (odds ratio [OR] 2.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37–3.76). This sex difference persisted after adjusting for age, marital status, being a parent, loss of family members, amount of social support, education level, and level of depression (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.21–3.80). Depression was significantly associated with PTSD (OR 7.19, 95% CI 3.83–13.52).Conclusions: In this directly affected population, a majority met criteria for PTSD, indicating a significant long-term public health burden. The findings also confirm that females are at much higher risk for PTSD than males, suggesting that special mental health efforts should be targeted at women exposed to trauma. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2007;1:34–43)
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Priyangani, Yapa M. M., Gamaralalage S. K. Dharmaratne, and Sathasivam Sridharan. "Factors Associated and Response to Needle Stick Injuries among Nursing Officers in District General Hospitals of Sri Lanka." Global Journal of Health Science 9, no. 8 (May 29, 2017): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n8p107.
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INTRODUCTION: This study was carried out to find out the existing prevalence rates of the Needle Stick Injuries (NSIs) among nursing officers in Sri Lankan health delivery system and to identify the factors associated with NSIs including the level of knowledge, attitude and practice on prevention.METHODS: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in three District General Hospitals. Five routine working units identified from each hospital. Proportional allocations were made with a final step of simple random sampling to select the sample. Self- administered questionnaire was used for data collection.RESULTS: Response rate was 95% and the prevalence of NSIs was 43%. IV cannulation was the most risky procedure (51%). Re-capping was seen in 24% of the exposed group. Medical wards accounted for 78% of the NSIs. There was a significant difference in NSIs seen in maturity in age (p=0.015) and increase working experience (p=0.044) but no difference was found with increased work load (no. of patients seen per day, p=0.765, increase number of working hours per week, p=0.204) and participation in in-service training programs (p=0.592). Pre exposure Hepatitis B immunization was seen in only 64%. A significant 49% did not report the injury and the main reason was assumed less risk (46%).CONCLUSION: Prevalence of NSIs was still high and ignorance and neglect are the main causes. Health education and in-service training should be mainly directed at inculcating knowledge into practice and changing attitudes towards safe practices. Hepatitis B immunization should be provided as early as possible.
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Meyer, Haakon E., Kristin Holvik, Cathrine M. Lofthus, and Sampath U. B. Tennakoon. "Vitamin D status in Sri Lankans living in Sri Lanka and Norway." British Journal of Nutrition 99, no. 5 (May 2008): 941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507844138.
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Vitamin D deficiency is common in non-Western immigrant groups living in Western countries. A comparison of vitamin D status in individuals who have emigrated and individuals who remain in their country of origin is needed in order to provide information about the effect of moving to northern latitudes. A total of 196 participants aged 30–60 years in a cross-sectional population-based study in Kandy, Sri Lanka (latitude 7° north) and 242 Sri Lankans aged 31–60 years participating in a cross-sectional population-based study in Oslo, Norway (latitude 60° north) were included in the analysis. All serum samples were analysed for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) in the same laboratory. Sri Lankans living in Norway had substantially lower s-25(OH)D (mean 31·5 nmol/l) compared with those living in Sri Lanka (mean 54·2 nmol/l), and the prevalence of s-25(OH)D < 25 nmol/l was 9·3 times higher (95 % CI 4·4, 19·6) in Norway compared with Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka there was a clear seasonal variation with the lowest s-25(OH)D levels in August–September and the highest levels in November–December. We conclude that vitamin D status among Sri Lankans living in Kandy, Sri Lanka was considerably higher than that among Sri Lankans living in Oslo, Norway. The low vitamin D status commonly observed in non-Western immigrant groups living at northern latitudes should not be regarded as normal levels for these groups. However, also in Sri Lanka we found a profound seasonal variation with the lowest levels in August and September after the Monsoon.
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Jähnichen, Gisa. "The Role of Music and Allied Arts in Public Writings on Cultural Diversity: “People of Sri Lanka”." ASIAN-EUROPEAN MUSIC RESEARCH JOURNAL 6 (December 4, 2020): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/aemr.6-7.
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The Sri Lankan Ministry of National Coexistence, Dialogue, and Official Languages published the work “People of Sri Lanka” in 2017. In this comprehensive publication, 21 invited Sri Lankan scholars introduced 19 different people’s groups to public readers in English, mainly targeted at a growing number of foreign visitors in need of understanding the cultural diversity Sri Lanka has to offer. This paper will observe the presentation of these different groups of people, the role music and allied arts play in this context. Considering the non-scholarly design of the publication, a discussion of the role of music and allied arts has to be supplemented through additional analyses based on sources mentioned by the 21 participating scholars and their fragmented application of available knowledge. In result, this paper might help improve the way facts about groups of people, the way of grouping people, and the way of presenting these groupings are displayed to the world beyond South Asia. This fieldwork and literature guided investigation should also lead to suggestions for ethical principles in teaching and presenting of culturally different music practices within Sri Lanka, thus adding an example for other case studies.
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Gamage, Sandamali. "Cartoons as an Authentic Supplementary Teaching Tool in English as a Second Language Classrooms." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 10, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.10n.1p.107.
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The present study seeks to find the students’ performance towards the assigned tasks related to cartoons and their perceptions towards the use of it as an authentic, supplementary teaching tool to facilitate the process of speaking. A sample of thirty-five students was selected to involve in different tasks related to selected number of cartoons. The researcher conducted an empirical investigation by employing quantitative and qualitative research methods. Audio recordings and classroom observations were used to investigate the students’ active involvement towards the assigned tasks related to cartoons and a well-structured questionnaire was employed to evaluate their perceptions towards the use of it as an authentic supplementary tool in teaching the speaking skills of ESL learners. The results of the study revealed that a majority of students actively involved in the assigned task related to cartoons. The students gave a comprehensive and controversial account of the assigned cartoons incorporating the clues given by the facilitator resulting to assure better learner motivation and participation, transforming the teaching and learning experience into an enjoyable, stimulating, and memorable experience. Furthermore, nearly 70% of students demonstrated a positive perception towards the use of cartoons in ESL classrooms as they believed it facilitates their speaking skills making the input more comprehensible and enhancing collaborative learning. Besides, they accepted that cartoons improve students’ personal relationships with fellow students and promote peer learning. Based on the findings, it was concluded that cartoons can be effectively used as an authentic supplementary tool in ESL classrooms to teach speaking skills to Sri Lankan ESL learners.
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Shinde, Kiran. "“Imported Buddhism” or “Co-Creation”? Buddhist Cultural Heritage and Sustainability of Tourism at the World Heritage Site of Lumbini, Nepal." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 5820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115820.
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Lumbini—the birthplace of Buddha—was declared a World Heritage Site (WHS) in 1997. This recognition came following sustained efforts by many international organizations and the UN-led master plan that was prepared in the 1970s. Almost 50 years in the making, the Lumbini sacred precinct (WHS) is still a work in progress. Based on the fieldwork conducted in December 2019, this paper examines international and domestic visitation patterns and the complexities of tourism management in Lumbini, and explores the challenges it faces in attracting an international community of Buddhist followers and those interested in Buddhist heritage. Situated amidst a rural hinterland comprising non-Buddhist populations, the Lumbini Sacred Garden master plan covers an area of about 4.5 km2. It has a special “monastic zone” for the construction of 39 international monasteries (13 plots for followers of Theravada and 29 plots for Mahayana monasteries) of which 13 have been built (notable are the Thai, Japanese, Burmese, Sri Lankan, Chinese, Bhutanese, Korean, and European monasteries). The unique architectural styles and following of rituals and cultural practices traditional to the sponsoring native country make these international monasteries into “attractions” for foreign and domestic tourists. This mixing pot of Buddhist cultural heritage can be understood using the conceptual approach of co-creation. However, in practical terms, it is perceived as “imported Buddhism”, based on the resources (both tangible and intangible) that international communities bring to Lumbini. The active role of international monasteries constrains opportunities for the participation of local businesses in the religious tourism economy. Moreover, the limited opportunities for interpretation of this co-created heritage reinforces a sense of alienation for the local community, and poses challenges for the sustainability of tourism and the vitality of Lumbini as a WHS.
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Ekanayake, E. M. B. P., Yi Xie, Abubakar Sadiq Ibrahim, N. T. P. Karunaratne, and Shahzad Ahmad. "Effective governance for management of invasive alien plants: evidence from the perspective of forest and wildlife officers in Sri Lanka." PeerJ 8 (January 6, 2020): e8343. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8343.
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Invasive alien plants (IAPs) are a significant cause of socio-ecological change in Sri Lanka. Many studies have focused on the ecological dimensions of this problem, but few have addressed sociological factors such as the knowledge and perceptions of individuals and groups tasked with addressing IAPs. This study investigates how IAP issues are understood and perceived by professional forest and wildlife officers in Sri Lanka. The data analyzed were gathered using a questionnaire that covered three themes: the respondents’ ability to identify IAPs, the impacts of IAPs and the threats they pose, and knowledge regarding control and mitigation. The questionnaire was completed by 186 field officers, and the resulting descriptive statistics and a probit regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results show that almost all of the participating forest and wildlife officers were aware of the problems associated with IAPs but more than 75% of them lacked an accurate understanding of scientific means for controlling them and control policies established by the government of Sri Lanka. Generally, wildlife officers had a better understanding than forest officers. In addition, the analysis shows that officers’ knowledge and perceptions of IAPs were positively correlated with their level of education and position within the organization. The analysis points to several recommendations for Sri Lankan officials when designing and implementing comprehensive policies and professional programs, particularly for lower-level field officers.
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Rodrigo, Ranmali, Asiri Rodrigo, Nisansala Liyanage, Wathsala Hatahagoda, and Uthpala Hewavitharana. "Maternal Perception of Adequacy of Mother’s Milk Among Mothers Giving Birth at a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka." Journal of Human Lactation 35, no. 1 (May 22, 2018): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334418773304.
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Background: Sri Lanka boasts high rates of early and exclusive breastfeeding. Perceived inadequacy of milk, a global problem, is the main cause for early cessation of breastfeeding. Research Aims: The aims of this study are to (a) determine the prevalence, (b) identify the risk factors, and (c) ascertain the association that maternal psychological distress has with perceived inadequacy of milk (PIM), among mothers during the early postpartum period. Identifying and addressing modifiable risk factors for PIM may improve mothers’ satisfaction with breastfeeding. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of mothers ( n = 249) during the first week after birth was conducted at Colombo North Teaching Hospital (Ragama, Sri Lanka) from May 1, 2016, to June 10, 2016. Participants were recruited when the infant was more than 24 hours but less than 7 days old. A self-administered questionnaire, including the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, was used. Results: The majority of mothers (78%) perceived their milk quantity to be adequate. A family member telling mothers that their milk supply was low had the most significant associations with perceived inadequacy. Other associations were antenatal maternal complications and birth by cesarean section. Kessler scores indicating psychological distress occurred in 26% of all participating mothers, with a higher mean score in those with PIM. Conclusions: Sri Lankan family members should be educated further about normal patterns of milk production during the postpartum period. The authors recommend that PIM be included in screening tools for postpartum depression in Sri Lanka.
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Tharani, Gopalakrishnan, Mohamed Sameem Roshan Akther, and Nanthakumaran Ananthini. "Assessment of Women participation in Agriculture in Vavuniya district, Sri Lanka." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 3, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v3i3.15137.
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An attempt was made to assess the women contribution towards agriculture in Vavuniya district, Sri Lanka. 60 farm family households' women were randomly selected from rural and urban area of Kovilkulam AI region of Vavuniya district in Sri Lanka and the data were collected by constructed questionnaire. The objectives of this study are to identify the factors contributing women participation in agriculture, to identify the constraints faced by the women in participating agriculture and to evaluate the women participation in decision making activity in agriculture. Minitab 15 and MS excel were used for data analysis. The level of women participation in agricultural activities was found out using chi-square test and the factors contributing for women participation in agricultural activities were identified using multiple regression analysis in urban and rural areas separately (α=0.05). The results revealed that 90% of the rural women respondents and 50% of the urban respondents participated in the agricultural activities which is a significant difference. The mean values of women participation in agricultural activities in urban and rural areas were 77 hours and 836 hours per annum respectively. The multiple regression model for women participation in urban area found that the participation of women negatively correlated with status of employment, age and education level (p=0.000). In rural area, age and educational level were negatively influencing on women participation in agricultural activities (p=0.000). R-square values of fitted regression models were 72 % and 91% in urban and rural area respectively 72% and 91% variation in respective women participation were explained by these models. The obstacles for the women in participation in agricultural activities were reported as lack of knowledge and training in agriculture field, family burden, cultural and social barriers and physical constraints. 60% of women from rural areas and 90% of women from urban areas were involved in decision making especially in the selection of crops and varieties for planting and livestock rearing. Enhancing the awareness and the technical knowledge to the women in the field of agriculture would contribute to increase income from agriculture at household level, district level and finally at national level. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 159-162
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Rameez, Aboobacker. "Political Participation of Women in Local Governance: A Case Study of Selected Local Government Bodies in Eastern Sri Lanka." Journal of Asian and African Studies 53, no. 7 (April 2, 2018): 1043–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909618762559.
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Although Sri Lanka has 51% women, their participation in local governance as well as in the national parliament is 5% in total. The strong social development indicator of women in areas such as health and education has not translated into their increased political participation. As such, this study focuses on the level of women’s participation in local governance and explores why there is a low level of political participation of women in local governance. Both quantitative and qualitative methods comprising of questionnaire survey, interviews and focus group discussions were employed in this study. The findings show organized collective involvement of women was effective only in social welfare, livelihood and social security than political participation. The study also reveals that the low level of political participation by women is attributable to biological, economic, psychological, religious and political factors. Overall, it was found that although women are interested in participating in local governance, they have a lack of space for political participation.
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Careemdeen, Jalal Deen, Mohd Mahzan Awang, Abdul Razaq Ahmad, and Shakila Dahalan. "Instrument Development for Socio-Educational Support and Socio-Educational Participation towards Educational Well-Being." Journal of Educational and Social Research 11, no. 5 (September 5, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2021-0104.
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The current study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire instrument to measure the socio-environmental support, socio-educational participation and educational well-being indicators using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Reliability Analysis among secondary school children in Sri Lanka. The indicators used in the analyses were based on sociological theories, and several past empirical studies identified to have three main constructs. The socio-environmental support construct which is based on Bronfenbrenner’s (1989) ecological theory. The socio-educational participation construct which is developed in line with the Social Capital Theory (Putnam, 1993) and students' educational well-being construct, which was developed based on the Psychosocial Well-being Framework of Sri Lanka (2009). The pilot study was carried out, consisting of 50 secondary school children in Sri Lanka. The study results revealed that the value of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test results for all constructs was above the cut-off level of 0.5. The Exploratory Factor Analysis of this study demonstrated that 35 items of socio-environmental support construct, 21 indicators of socio-educational participation construct, and 28 items of educational well-being construct were valid for measuring all those constructs. Reliability Analysis shows that each construct and indicators have good internal consistency values. Received: 20 May 2021 / Accepted: 23 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
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Madurawala, Sunimalee. "Labour Force Participation by Women and Inclusive Growth." South Asia Economic Journal 18, no. 2 (September 2017): 214–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1391561417713125.
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This article examines the recent trends of opportunities available for women in Sri Lanka in accessing the labour force by using the Social Opportunity Function presented by Ali and Son (2007). Opportunity curves were constructed for women and men separately to assess the equity-impacts of access opportunities to be in the labour force across different expenditure groups. Opportunity index (OI) (average opportunities available to the population) and the Equity Index of Opportunity (EIO) (how opportunities are shared or distributed among the population) calculated for both sexes to quantify the precise magnitude of the change. Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) data produced by the Department of Census and Statistics of Sri Lanka was the main data source. Construction of Opportunity Curves revealed that opportunities for women in accessing labour force have declined over time across all expenditure groups. But it is more remarkable for women in the lower expenditure deciles. In the case of men, mixed results could be observed for different expenditure deciles. Regardless of the sex, average opportunities to access the labour force, OI and EIO have deteriorated over the time period considered.
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Bradley, R. M., and H. I. Karunadasa. "Community Participation in the Water Supply Sector in Sri Lanka." Journal of the Royal Society of Health 109, no. 4 (August 1989): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146642408910900407.
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Harris, Simon. "Gender, participation, and post-conflict planning in northern Sri Lanka." Gender & Development 12, no. 3 (November 2004): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13552070412331332320.
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Haigh, Richard, Maheshika Menike Sakalasuriya, Dilanthi Amaratunga, Senaka Basnayake, Siri Hettige, Sarath Premalal, and Ananda Jayasinghe Arachchi. "The upstream-downstream interface of Sri Lanka’s tsunami early warning system." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 11, no. 2 (January 10, 2020): 219–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-07-2019-0051.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to deliver a detailed analysis of the functioning of upstream–downstream interface process of the tsunami early warning and mitigation system in Sri Lanka. It also gives an understanding of the social, administrative, political and cultural complexities attached to the operation of interface mechanism, and introduces an analytical framework highlighting the significant dynamics of the interface of tsunami early warning system in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach Through the initial literature review, a conceptual framework was developed, highlighting the criteria against which the interface process can be assessed. This framework was used as the basis for developing data collection tools, namely, documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews and observations that focused on the key stakeholder institutions in Sri Lanka. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data according to the conceptual framework, and an improved and detailed framework was developed deriving from the findings. Findings The manner in which the interface mechanism operates in Sri Lanka’s tsunami early warning system is discussed, providing a detailed understanding of the decision-making structures; key actors; standardisation; technical and human capacities; socio-spatial dynamics; coordination among actors; communication and information dissemination; and the evaluation processes. Several gaps and shortcomings were identified with relation to some of these aspects, and the significance of addressing these gaps is highlighted in the paper. Practical implications A number of recommendations are provided to address the existing shortcomings and to improve the overall performance of tsunami warning system in Sri Lanka. Originality/value Based on the findings, a framework was developed into a more detailed analytical framework that depicts the interface operationalisation in Sri Lanka, and can also be potentially applied to similar cases across the world. The new analytical framework was validated through a focus group discussion held in Sri Lanka with the participation of experts and practitioners.
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Fernando, Lalitha. "Entrepreneurship in Public Management: The Case of Sri Lanka Administrative Service." Chinese Public Administration Review 3, no. 3/4 (November 4, 2016): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v3i3/4.65.
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The role of entrepreneurship in public management remains in debate. Despite the debatable arguments to regarding public entrepreneurship, this paper argues that the concept still has validity of utilizing as a tool for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of public service. By using Hunter’s reputational snowballing technique to identify public entrepreneurs among Sri Lanka’s administrative service, this study presents the preliminary findings based on a recent empirical study and examines their administrative and decision-making roles towards desired changes in the public service in Sri Lanka. During the period of October 2002 and March 2003, the study gathered the data through in-depth interviews of 25 officers in the Sri Lanka Administrative Service. The results of the study indicate that public managers’ motivation to achieve and their leadership skills, goal clarity, managerial autonomy, performance-based reward system, citizen participation and public support represent major factors contributing to public entrepreneurship in the Sri Lanka Administrative Service. This study also finds that there are entrepreneurs in the Sri Lanka public service. Also the paper argues that there are opportunities and potential in the service to work as entrepreneurs who are innovative, proactive and willing to take some risks beyond their work responsibilities. Further, the author argues that there are significant benefits when the entrepreneurship is applied to public management. Therefore the necessary reforms are needed to sustain such initiatives of public entrepreneurs towards more effectiveness and efficiency of public service.
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Wijerathna, Tharaka, Nayana Gunathilaka, Kithsiri Gunawardana, and Wasana Rodrigo. "Potential Challenges of Controlling Leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka at a Disease Outbreak." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6931497.
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The present works reviewed the existing information on leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka and in other countries, focusing on challenges of controlling leishmaniasis in the country, in an outbreak. Evidence from recent studies suggests that there is a possibility of a leishmaniasis outbreak in Sri Lanka in the near future. Difficulty of early diagnosis due to lack of awareness and unavailability or inadequacy of sensitive tests are two of the main challenges for effective case management. Furthermore, the absence of a proper drug for treatment and lack of knowledge about vector biology, distribution, taxonomy and bionomics, and reservoir hosts make the problem serious. The evident potential for visceralization in the cutaneous variant ofL.donovaniin Sri Lanka may also complicate the issue. Lack of knowledge among local communities also reduces the effectiveness of vector and reservoir host control programs. Immediate actions need to be taken in order to increase scientific knowledge about the disease and a higher effectiveness of the patient management and control programs must be achieved through increased awareness about the disease among general public and active participation of local community in control activities.
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Gamage, Prasadini G., and Gayani V. Hewagama. "Determinants of Union Participation of Public Sector Organizations in Sri Lanka." Sri Lankan Journal of Human Resource Management 3, no. 1 (January 4, 2013): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljhrm.v3i1.5095.
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Uphoff, Norman, M. Wickramasinghe, and C. Wijayaratna. ""Optimum" Participation in Irrigation Management: Issues and Evidence from Sri Lanka." Human Organization 49, no. 1 (March 1990): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.49.1.123pg568k40l135l.
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Arunatilake, Nisha. "Education participation in Sri Lanka—Why all are not in school." International Journal of Educational Research 45, no. 3 (January 2006): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2006.11.001.
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Vodopivec, Milan, and Nisha Arunatilake. "Population Aging and Labour Market Participation of Old Workers in Sri Lanka." Journal of Population Ageing 4, no. 3 (June 29, 2011): 141–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12062-011-9045-5.
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Klitzsch, Nicole. "Disaster politics or disaster of politics? Post-tsunami conflict transformation in Sri Lanka and Aceh, Indonesia." Cooperation and Conflict 49, no. 4 (August 19, 2014): 554–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836714545692.
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Recent conflict research acknowledges the long-ignored intertwined nature of social conflict and environmental vulnerability; findings show that natural disasters affecting conflict regions can catalyse pre-disaster conflict developments. It is, however, unclear why disasters sometimes contribute to conflict escalation and sometimes to mitigating conflict. Drawing from the contrasting post-tsunami experiences of Sri Lanka and the Indonesian province of Aceh, this article investigates the tipping effects and asymmetrical impact of international relations, political participation and economic sustainability on post-disaster peacebuilding. Evidence shows that the domestic capacity for peacebuilding critically depends on the nature of international support. While Sri Lanka and Indonesia have many similarities, the latter’s major geopolitical relevance guaranteed sufficient, credible and targeted peacebuilding support, while the former received limited support and faced competing internal demands from Tamil and Sinhalese areas, thereby further restricting the potential for effective peacebuilding.
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Samarakoon, S. J. M. N. G., and Geetha Mayadunne. "An exploratory study on low labour force participation of women in Sri Lanka." Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences 41, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljss.v41i2.7701.
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Murthy, G. V. S., E. Schmidt, C. Gilbert, S. Varughese, H. B. Pant, P. G. Mahipala, and A. P. Abeydeera. "Prevalence of self-reported disability, activity limitation and social participation in Sri Lanka." Ceylon Medical Journal 63, no. 5 (October 31, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cmj.v63i5.8743.
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Bandara, Senevirathna. "SCHOOL-BASED TEACHER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN SRI LANKA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 5 (May 31, 2018): 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i5.2018.1440.
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Teacher professional development is the ‘key’ of the developing students’ quality of the outcomes in the 21st century. Under such a situation, teachers have to update and intensify their knowledge, skills, attitudes and practices according to students’ current expansive demand. In this context, School-Based Teacher Professional Development is a very important concept, because it allows teachers to plan, organise and implement their own professional development programs, considering their particular needs, as well as those of students and school. However, this concept has not been extensively developed in the Sri Lankan education context. Focusing on the Sri Lankan secondary school context, this study examines the possibilities, effectiveness, strategies, issues and challenges involved in implementing these programs in the teachers’ professional development. Simultaneously, the situation of the Non-School-Based Teacher Development programs are also examined because these are currently prominent and this study assumed that both programs need to be integrated in order to provide balanced teacher professional development. The qualitative research approach and the case-study method has been employed. The data were collected by conducting interviews, non-participative observation and sample-based documentary searching. According to the findings, strong recommendations were proposed and relevant guidelines were suggested for future researches.
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Tennakoon, Varuni, Rajitha Wickramasinghe, Roshini Peiris-John, Lasanthi Daskon, Senarath Attanayake, Saman Bandara, and Shanthi Ameratunga. "541 Perspectives of older sri lankans on transport-related risks influencing their social participation." Injury Prevention 22, Suppl 2 (September 2016): A195.2—A195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042156.541.
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Ekanayake, E. M. B. P., Yi Xie, and Shahzad Ahmad. "Rural Residents’ Participation Intention in Community Forestry-Challenge and Prospect of Community Forestry in Sri Lanka." Forests 12, no. 8 (August 7, 2021): 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12081050.
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The contribution of local communities has become widely recognized as a better alternative in forest management than the traditional command-based control approach. However, several years later of implementation, most programs were failed due to a lack of community participation, imposing an uncertain future for community forestry. This paper examines rural Sri Lankans’ participation intention in community forestry (CF) program by using the Probit regression model. Randomly selected 300 individuals representing both CF members and non-CF members were interviewed for the study. The study results indicate that rural residents’ intention in future CF program negatively correlated with the participation status (CF membership) of individuals. Accordingly, CF members show less participation intention in future CF program than non-CF members. Socio-economic variables such as education level (p < 0.01) and the occupation of head of the household (p < 0.05) and total household income (p < 0.01) have significant influences on individuals’ participation intention in CF. In addition, non-monetary benefits derived from CF and perception on the product regulation and conflict mitigation are also appeared to significantly and positively affect villagers’ intention. The findings also revealed the knowledge gap on the purpose of the CF program and CF policy design. Hence, require immediate attention to improve awareness. Moreover, failure to raise local people’s participation intention in CF may indicate inadequate or ineffective government policies. Therefore, the Department of Forest Conservation should take sound measures to ensure that community-based forest management policies are consistently implemented at different administrative levels across the country and its rightness should be evaluated strictly.