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Naidoo, Lynette. "The participatory development communication approach of Thusong service centres in Tshwane / L. Naidoo." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4149.
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Much discourse on the issue of development communication has focused on participation and its role in improving the lives of developing communities. This line of thought emanates from the theories of Paulo Freire and Martin Buber. Freirean dialogue, which emphasises dialogue and conscientisation emanated from Martin Buber's l-Thou and l-lt relationships and are relevant in this study because these concepts are pivotal in the endeavour to develop grassroots communities.
For purposes of this study participatory communication is associated with dialogue, self-reliance, empowerment, the communities' socio-cultural context and strategic communication. In an effort to improve service delivery in the public sector, the South African government resolved to provide communities across South Africa with both information and services through the establishment of Thusong Service Centres. The Thusong concept refers to 'a place to get help or assistance' in Sesotho, and has been the focus of government in carrying out its mandate in respect of development communication in South Africa.
This study adopted a qualitative research approach to gather data, to determine how the communication of Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane compare with the normative principles of participatory development communication. This study used purposive sampling and focused on the six Thusong Service Centres in Tshwane. The empirical study comprised document analyses of government policies, semi-structured interviews with senior Government Communication and Information Services (GCIS) personnel and personal observations at the six Thusong Service Centres.
An analysis of the communication of Thusong Service Centres with Tshwane communities show that there is inadequate alignment with the theoretical underpinnings of participatory development communication. Against the backdrop of Chin Saik Yoon's four ways of observing participation in development projects, namely, participation in implementation, evaluation, benefit and decision-making, the study indicates that Tshwane communities do not partake in participation in evaluation and participation in decision-making. Furthermore, using Freirean
dialogue as a benchmark, it was concluded that Thusong Service Centres do not fully meet the required principles of dialogue.
Although the abovementioned results indicate that development communication practised by GCIS at Thusong Service Centres is in the main linear in nature, the study makes practical recommendations on how the normative principles of participatory development communication may be implemented at these centres in order to fast track the development process.Thesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Ako, Joshua Ndip. "Participatory Development: A study of community and citizen participation in development and policymaking in Stockholm, Värmdo and Bortkyrka municipalities in Sweden." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22448.
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The aim of this study was to explore and analyze the application of a participatorydevelopment approach in Stokholm, Bortkyrka, and Värmdo local municipalities in Stockholm County in Sweden. The reason for chosen municipalities in Sweden is because Sweden is relatively an advanced country with an established infrastructure and democracy to necessitate an advanced level in participatory development approach. This study examined participatory strategies and interventions within the context of development communication and how they are used to engage citizens in community-based development initiatives. I used a participatory theory to answer the following question “To what extent do local municipalities apply a participatory approach in their community development initiatives?By applying appropriate methods, a comprehensive understanding of how municipalities apply a participatory approach in development initiatives was explored and analyzed. The study findings indicate that participatory development approach is still unclear, and it is at a rudimentary stage in the municipalities studied, and that although community participation in development initiatives in the municipalities align with the concept of development communication, there is still a lack of comprehensive aapreciation of participatory development in the context of communication for development (ComDev).Therefore, the lack of clarity on how participatory approach is understood and applied plays a fundamental role in retarding the realization of the full potential of participatory development approach.
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de, Miguel Capell Jordi. "Looking for Amina: An experience on Forum Theatre. Entertainment-Education and participatory approaches." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21229.
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This Master in Communication for Development thesis is based on the experience of "Amina's looking for a job", a Forum Theatre play created in 2007 - whith the help of her sons and an NGO- by a Moroccan woman who is discriminated by different institutions in her will to find a decent job in Catalonia, Spain. Through this case study, the essay explores the contributions of participatory approaches to Education-Entertainment field from a communication for social change perspective.
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Usadolo, Sam Erevbenagie. "A participatory communication approach of rural cattle project: a case study of Nguni cattle project in the Eastern Cape, South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015407.
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project. It did this by reviewing relevant literature in development communication. The review done showed that literature is replete with arguments critical of the dominant paradigm due to its top-down nature of communication. Scholars critical of dominant paradigm argue that participatory communication should be given a prominent role to ensure that stakeholders work in concert to realise the stated objectives of their development project. The study highlighted many contentious issues surrounding the nature and practices of participatory communication. It pointed out that the issues have played themselves out in literature in the form of different typologies of participatory practices, which were dealt with extensively in this study. The discussion of participatory communication in literature is also mindful of different models of communication and the space they occupy in participatory communication practices. In this study, there was a discussion of transactional communication models as depicted by Nair and White (1993:52) and Steinberg (1997:19). Both scholars emphasise that participatory communication will not achieve its stated purpose without mutual agreement of the parties in communication. They equally stress the recognition of the possible effects of some contextual factors which may have bearing on the prevailing nature of communication. A review of different communication tools used by participatory development communicator was given in the study. These different communication tools were discussed in view of how these tools can be used to advance participatory practice in a development project, especially with reference to the project examined in this study. Using qualitative research method, different and appropriate interview methods such as semi-structured, focus group and post-survey interviews were used to collect data from the respondents in this study. The analysis and discussion of the data revealed that different challenges on the ground could affect participatory communication practices in a development project. With regard to the project examined in this study, the analysis showed that there is a weak stakeholder relationship, especially stakeholders identified in this study as field officers. The study highlighted that stakeholders such as the agricultural extension officers and animal health technicians are not very active in the implementation process of the project. Some of the reasons pointed out is the fact that the secondary stakeholder such as the Provincial Department of Agricultural (PDoA) to which these field officers belong is not playing active role in ensuring that they complement the efforts of other field officers such as the IDC representatives. The second reason is the fact that the participatory focus of the project was not properly communicated to the beneficiaries. This also transpired in their inability to reflect participatory practice in their relationship with the beneficiaries and other stakeholders of the project. Other challenges, among others, as pointed out in the analysis showed that participatory communication practice requires expert personnel to be successful. In the case of the project examined, apart from the fact that there is shortage of manpower to handle the challenges mentioned in the study, there is no communication expert among the few active personnel in the field. The findings of this study showed that there was no clear role and identification of responsibilities let alone coordination of all actors involved in the project. Through the selected case study, this study has not only provided avenue to explore both theoretically and practically participatory communication, but has added to participatory communication discourse that there is no easy answer to challenges field officers encounter in practice. This is the reason the different participatory practices characterising nature of the project this study has investigated was given.
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Cahyono, Edi Dwi. "Challenges Facing Extension Agents in Implementing the Participatory Extension Approach in Indonesia: A Case Study of Malang Regency in the East Java Region." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1404402942.
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Vermeulen, Jessica. "Deelnemende kommunikasie in die evaluasie van KSV-programme by twee maatskappye / J. Vermeulen." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8959.
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In this study it is argued that organisations can contribute to development through their Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives (CSR). Therefore one should consider CSR programmes similar to development programmes and should be managed accordingly. When one communicates in a development context it happens within the extensive field of development communication. In this field the participatory approach to development communication is regarded as the normative approach. In view of this, this study argues that communication in CSR programmes should conform to the principles of the participatory approach.
Participatory evaluation is one of the elements of the participatory approach; therefore the evaluation of programmes should adhere to the principles of the participatory approach to contribute to sustainable development. For this reason this study is informed by the relevant principles of the participatory approach to evaluation: dialogue; participation; empowerment and diversity. These principles of participatory evaluation are rooted in the mentioned principles and they are: partnership; participation in evaluation; acknowledgement of local knowledge; empowerment and change.
The financial sector in South Africa is one of the largest financial contributors towards CSR. As a result, two financial organisations were chosen to be studied. The research question of this study is: What is the nature of the communication during evaluation of CSR programmes in the financial sector?
A qualitative approach is used in this study to obtain the relevant information. Qualitative content analysis, semi-structured interviews and focus groups were used as research methods.
The conclusion is made that none of the five programmes in this study use participatory evaluation to evaluate their CSR programmes. In two of the programmes a limited partnership is identified between the organisation and/or the program leader and the beneficiaries, while no partnership was found in the other three programmes. Limited participation from the beneficiaries of the two programmes during evaluation was observed; hence limited local knowledge is recognised in these two programmes. It was also found that only two programmes' beneficiaries are empowered through evaluation and only these two programmes changed according to the beneficiaries’ input.
These findings that were made through an empirical study indicate that in spite of the limited presence of some principles of participatory evaluation in two of the five programmes, neither of the organisations uses participatory evaluation methods to evaluate their CSR programmes.Thesis (MA (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Otto, Hannelie. "The creation of an internet public sphere by the Independent Electoral Commission / H. Otto." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/487.
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A prerequisite for a healthy, sustainable democracy is an informed citizenry that partakes in the
democratic process. This line of thought can be drawn back to the work of Habermas
(Habermas, 1989:49). Accordingly, such active engagement necessitates communication to
transpire between a citizenry and its chosen representatives as to sustain the democratic
process. This also suggests that citizens should be able to participate in the communication
process.
Consequently, in recent years much discourse on the media and democracy correlation has
focused on the potential role that the internet could play in the furtherance of democratic values.
Optimistically, a virtual political public forum in which matters of general political concern are
discussed could enhance political participation and the consolidation of political rights. The
Habermasian public-sphere model incorporates three key elements, which could be applied in
this context persons should have universal access to the sphere, the freedom to express
diverse opinions, the freedom to receive diverse opinions and information, in addition to the
freedom of participating in the public sphere without interference from state or mercantile
imperatives (cf.Habermas, 1989).
A qualitative content analysis of the web site of Elections Canada showed that the supposedly
non-operational public-sphere model could be recovered within a new media context such as the
internet despite the fact that the inherent interactive nature of the internet was not fully exploited
by Elections Canada.
Against this background, the assumption was made that the public-sphere's concepts could also
be applied in the context of a developing democracy and accordingly that the sustainability of
the democratic system could be further consolidated. The Electoral Commission (IEC) was
chosen as a case study, since it is constitutionally mandated to establish a democratic South
African society. The creation of an internet public sphere could therefore be one of the ways in
which the IEC could contribute to this consolidation process.
Through extensive content analysis, it was established that the organisational web site of the
IEC was mainly expended as an information dissemination and organisational image-profiling
tool. As a result the web site was did not focus on participatory communication. Universal
access to the web site was also rather restricted, resulting in limited web site participation to
voters from specific socio-economic, cultural, and language backgrounds. It was discovered,
nevertheless, that some of the contents available on the web site could at least facilitate 'offline"
participatory democracy and public opinion formation. Therefore, although the web site did not
implement all of the normative prescriptions of the public-sphere ideal, voters were able to
retrieve valuable electoral information that would assist them in capably participating in electoral
democracy.Thesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.
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Wimpenny, Katherine. "Participatory change : an integrative approach toward occupational therapy practice development." Thesis, Coventry University, 2009. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/c1fd7f27-ab06-16cc-fed8-a864a1e7a109/1.
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The implications of implementing evidence-based change in practice settings are complex and far reaching. Research examining ways to implement professional theory-driven approaches and support occupational therapists to advance their practice is limited. This participatory action research (PAR) study set out to investigate the implementation of an evidence-based occupational therapy conceptual model of practice, the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) (Kielhofner 2002) across a mental health occupational therapy service. Methods used involved preparatory workshops and twelve months of team-based, monthly group reflective supervision sessions. In addition individual meetings with the occupational therapists took place every six months for the initial twelve months and a further year thereafter. The findings present a fusion of theoretical positions which are integrated within a ‘Participatory Change Cycle’. Emphasis is placed upon the development of a communicative space within which critical consciousness-raising occurred. This in turn enabled the therapists to take steps to advance their practice in light of theory. Fundamentally the therapists engaged in a process of re-negotiation of their professional selves in front of colleagues and myself as an external group facilitator and in the context of professional and political structures. The findings examine how learning occurs amongst people, within the contexts in which it holds meaning; I explore how disciplinary learning has occurred via praxis, which served to transform identities and ways of knowing and participating. The study concludes with recognition of the need for an inclusive approach to practice development which embraces each individual therapist’s personal stance and professional craft knowledge alongside the contribution of intellectual constructs. It is argued that those involved in practice development initiatives work to develop a sustainable group collective, a community of practitioners who remain committed to their professional development whilst remaining mindful of contextual issues including subtle individualistic efforts to effect change, which are not always visible at face value. Furthermore, practice development initiatives require collaboration between occupational therapists from education and practice to maintain perspective regarding the contribution of both propositional and practical know-how.
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Netshitomboni, Lusani Rabelani. "Managing participatory development communication the case for the government communication and information system (GCIS) /." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05022007-120431.
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Enghel, Florencia. "Indigenous, yes: participatory documentary-making revisited (an Argentine case study)." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22857.
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This Master in Communication for Development thesis –an essay- is based on two documentaries made with -and about- indigenous communities located in the North region of Argentina (the provinces of Misiones and Jujuy) which the author produced between 1997 and 2003 through the implementation of a participatory communication approach: Ayvü-Porä/The beautiful words (1998), and Candabare/Late summer celebration (2001). The essay is meant to be in itself a communication for development device: an investigation of examples, and a mapping exercise, intent at laying open and laying out the actual practices that led to the concrete products discussed.
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Strongheart, D. H., Florence Obison, and Fabio Bordoni. "Applying Construal Level Theory to Communication Strategies for Participatory Sustainable Development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2835.
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To the vast majority of people, the terms “sustainability” and “sustainable development” are unfamiliar, and, when they are recognized, there is still a great deal of interpretability as to their significance. Since no consensus exists regarding these terms, communication efforts to promote action and awareness among citizens must invariably “frame” the issue of sustainable development in one way or another. By and large, most communication strategies promote small private-sphere actions relevant to patterns of consumption. While these small actions are helpful, participatory, collective, public-sphere activism towards sustainability is much more potent and desirable. In attempting to engage this type of participatory action, communicators must understand the psychological barriers that are likely to confront their efforts. Communication professionals recognize that one such barrier, that of perceived, or, psychological distance, from issues of non-sustainability is especially pernicious. This paper attempts to apply Construal Level Theory (CLT), which provides “an account of how psychological distance influences individuals’ thoughts and behavior” (Trope et al. 2007) to the design of communication strategies for participatory sustainable development. After providing a thorough review of CLT, the authors examine the many ways that the theory can contribute to the design of communication strategies for participatory sustainable development.
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Brown, Michael C. "Community voices : participatory communication for community development in Nepal's urban settings." Thesis, University of Derby, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298259.
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Bäckström, Kristina, and Hanna Hermansson. "A Participatory Approach Study in Ghana : "There is no one size fit all approach for participation"." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-3979.
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This is a Participatory Approach (PA) study done in Ghana, West Africa. We focus on two Non Governmental Organizations (NGO) in Ghana which uses a PA in their development work. Historically the development work in most African countries has been influenced by western countries, where development often was imposed from the top down, but nowadays, with PA, development seek to engage the local population in a community during the development process. Ghana has been struggling with poverty for several years, and the NGOs are of importance for the development in the country. The purpose of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of development workers’ perception of Participatory Approach and to increase the knowledge about how development workers’ at NGOs in Ghana are working with Participatory Approach. This is a qualitative research and we have used three methods in this Bachelor’s thesis. We have done six semi - structured interviews, one focus group and one field research. We had the interviews and the focus group with development workers at two NGOs. At the field research we had the opportunity to observe the development workers in action. The research questions in this Bachelor’s thesis are: - At two NGOs in Ghana, in what ways can the development workers’ perception of Participatory Approach be understood? - At two NGOs in Ghana, in what ways can the practise of Participatory Approach be understood? The development workers perception of PA, is that PA is important to get sustainable projects and to ensure ownership for all stakeholders in the development process. PA is an empowering process with focus on capacity building. The acceptance of oneself being in need is as important as the participation. Their perception about PA also include some challenges. PA is time- and money consuming , the flexibility that PA need is limited by deadlines and budgets. There are challenges related to social- and cultural values, your own as a development worker and the community’s. The contextual knowledge must be highlighted and the limitations of the organizations must be considered. Another concern is when peoples opinions are influenced by their expectaitions from what the NGOs can provide. The practise of PA is understood as a process where all stakeholders are involved from the beginning, a process to engage the community and make them active participants in every step in a development project. The development workers main role is to build capacity of the people on the field. They uses different tools to ensure participation; Stakeholder analyses, Community conversations and Key informants interviews. The practise can be understood in terms of different levels of participation and different intensity within different cycles in a development project. Depending of the role of the actor and the stage the process are going through, some actors are more active than others.
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Arnold, Amy. "A participatory approach in practice lessons from a Peace Corps experience /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594489751&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Sajeva, Maurizio. "Governance for sustainable systems : the development of a participatory framework." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/13125.
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Despite an increasing recognition of the need for an integrative approach to sustainable development, there remains a tendency for this to be anthropocentric. Attempts to govern sustainability are invariably focused on the pre-eminence of the human perspective and social systems in the pursuit of human goals. This often means either excluding or attempting to control the external environment rather than understanding and responding to it. This thesis explores more holistic approaches to governance that are based upon the need for an improved understanding about the interconnections between social, economic and ecological systems. It examines current literature on governance for sustainable development and systems thinking as applied to it, with specific reference to Socio-Technical Systems (STS), social learning about systems’ interrelations and the nature of public goods. On the basis of this analysis, a systemic conception of governance for sustainability is developed and translated into a provisional framework that can aid participatory social learning relating to sustainable development. Three initial Socio-Technical Systems (STS) case studies are drawn upon to populate the empty framework (the European Critical Electricity Infrastructure (ECEI), the Finnish security system and the transition of energy systems towards a post carbon society); these are then analysed thematically to derive common governance for sustainability criteria. The final modified framework is then applied to an in depth, and on-going, case study of food systems’ security and sustainability and a final discussion considers how this governance framework (GAME) might contribute to future holistic decision making for more sustainable Socio-Technical Systems. The multi-method GAME supports the generation of future scenarios and core sustainability criteria by multiple stakeholders; reflecting needs, capabilities and limits that can maintain systems’ equilibrium. It also implies a more normative governance for sustainability and a commitment to improved evidence-based decision-making that reflects systems’ complexity and contributes to bridging the gaps between science, policy and society. The GAME is currently being extended to incorporate the user-friendly geospatial representations of impacts.
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Nosti, Ekebratt Julia. "Participatory communication in Publicly Funded Projects: Sida - theory and practice in Guatemala." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23534.
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The aim of this essay is to investigate how development projects, funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, include communication in the project cycle and if it affects their results. The research will take place in Guatemala and will be based on a comparative study in which the program evaluations conducted by the Swedish Embassy, responsible for distributing the funding, will be used to choose two projects: one regarded as successful and the other unsuccessful. By interviewing and conducting surveys with staff members from the embassy, NGO personnel that worked with the project as well as community members affected by the projects, the aim is to get a full picture of the projects themselves as well as the different personal experiences of the projects to allow for a discussion concerning communication for development, participation and governmentally funded development work. The conclusion is that there does not seem to be a defined way in which Sida-funded projects include participatory communication in the project cycle even though it is mentioned and discussed in connection to a project. The comparison of the two local initiatives indicate that defining a method and tools which allows the Embassies to better control and structure in terms of participatory communication are likely to increase the sustainability of the projects.
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Chitnis, Ketan S. "Communication for Empowerment and Participatory Development: A Social Model of Health in Jamkhed, India." Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1127144625.
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Barmish, Maia. "Participatory communication and community-based rabies elimination in Bang Bon, Bangkok, Thailand." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23052.
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Rabies is a global epidemic that affects the developing world disproportionally. This deadly disease is largely transmitted to humans via dog bites and is caused and perpetuated by human behaviors, including people not sterilizing and vaccinating dogs. Through the lens of participatory communication and culture theories, this thesis explores the extent to which communication tactics of a dog population and rabies control program in Bangkok, Thailand are participatory and whether this influences community efforts to vaccinate and sterilize free-roaming dogs in the city’s Bang Bon district. At a high level this study examines how empowering people at all levels of society in the planning and implementation of solutions to development challenges affords more sustainable outcomes. In doing so, it attends to issues of communication purpose, access, dialogue, culture, voice, feedback, cultural reflexivity, agency, participation and ownership. This study is an inductive qualitative inquiry that employs case study and interview research methods—specifically semi-structured, in-depth interviews with key informants and a small-scale survey. It uses the comparative analysis approach alongside its theoretical framework to draw conclusions from the research.
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Zwane, Elliot Mahlengule. "Participatory development of an extension approach and policy for Limpopo Province, South Africa." Thesis, Pretori : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10172009-093242/.
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Gibbons, Laura. "Participatory Edutainment in Practice : A Case Study of Wan Smolbag, Vanuatu." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-39015.
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Entertainment-Education (EE), or ‘Edutainment’ as it has come to be known, is a prominent discipline and communicative practice, both in international and community development, and is utilised to address social issues and culturally specific norms, some of which may be taboo or harmful. This research sets out to explore the application of edutainment, in particular Theatre for Development (TfD), through an examination of its practice in a Pacific context; namely, a case study of Wan Smolbag Theatre (WSB), a grassroots NGO based in Vanuatu. Using tangible examples of WSB’s theatre work, the interplay between listening, participation, and dialogue will be examined as they bear on WSB’s diverse operations in Vanuatu. It will also be suggested that edutainment and TfD sits at the intersection of communication, culture and development and in fact, requires all three elements in order to be realised. Through its use of edutainment and TfD, WSB’s core strength lies in its sensitivity and responsiveness to both culture as aesthetic activity and as a way of life, enabling a dialogic, participatory approach that provides a stage for subaltern community voices to identify issues, and importantly, solutions to their own problems. The Pacific Region poses a complex landscape for development research and the same applies in the area of communication for development and social change. Due to its vast geographical area but often small population sizes, Pacific-focused research and data can be difficult to source, both of a qualitative and quantitative nature. This study aims to address one such gap, while also attempting to situate this research in the wider historical context of edutainment.
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Smith, James Ross. "A participatory health communication strategy for sustainable development : HIV/AIDS in Potchefstroom / J.R. Smith." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/290.
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A participatory health communication strategy for sustainable development: HIVIAIDS in
Potchefstroom
Participatory communication is a relatively new and innovative means through which
development in the community can be achieved. As a communication medium it differs
substantially from the traditional approaches in that it practices a horizontal approach to
communication and assumes that the community at whom the development is directed knows
best what they require. It advocates the inclusion of the community into the planning and
implementation phases of the development project. Focusing on HNIAIDS, it is required that
participatory communication is discussed from a health perspective. Therefore the participatory
approach for health communication is discussed as the most suitable communication for health
communication pertaining to the context of this study.
An extensive literature study revealed previous studies on participatory communication had been
done but none specifically focused on participatory communication in a health context. With the
present research the Potchefstroom Municipal Health Authority and the Local AIDS Council had
been selected, in order to identify the steps that need to be followed in implementing a
participatory health communication strategy in the community. The general aim of the study
was to describe these steps in order to propose guidelines to the Potchefstroom Municipal Health
Authority that would assist in the implementation of this strategy to the community. The
assumption was made that without buy-in from the community into the participatory health
communication strategy, the communication strategy would end and this would end the
communication process, resulting in an unsustainable development initiative with regard to
HIVIAIDS in the Potchefstroom community.
Content analysis, interviews and literature review as research methods had been used during the
study in order to triangulate the findings made. The available literature had been analysed to
find the guidelines on the unique characteristics of the participatory communication and the role
of health communication. The National and Provincial HIVIAIDS policy documents had also
been analysed focusing on the requirements from government and determining what the
participatory health communication strategy should focus on with regard to the HIVIAIDS
pandemic. The results of the content analyses were compared to the findings made in the
interviews conducted with the members of the Potchefstroom Municipal Health Authority and
Potchefstroom Local AIDS Council.
After an in-depth review of the literature the broad guidelines regarding participatory
communication in a health context were established for a participatory health communication
strategy at community level for HIVIAIDS communication.Thesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Shambaugh, Roy Neal. "Development of a Co-participatory and Reflexive Approach to Teaching and Learning Instructional Design." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26130.
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While there are numerous models to practice instructional design, few instructional models to teach instructional design have been documented. This dissertation documents the development of a reflexive teaching model for the teaching of instructional design (ID) in a graduate education program. The model supports co-participatory learning of instructional design and mutual examination of one's learning and participation by both instructor and students. A design and development framework is used to describe the design decisions, model implementation, and evaluation of the model across six deliveries, or case studies, of a masterâ s level instructional design course from 1994-1998. Design decisions included course sequence, learning tasks, instructional materials, and assessment rubric. Model implementation described student responses to instruction and instructor efforts to assist learners. The model was evaluated in terms of student performance on instructional design projects, student perceptions of their learning, and instructor responsivity to learner needs. The model's development was summarized in terms of changes in design decisions, model implementation, and model evaluation over the six cases. A discussion of the reflexive model is presented using Joyce and Weilâ s (1996) conceptual approach, describing the modelâ s social system, syntax, participantsâ reaction, support system, plus the model's instructional and nurturant effects. Four categories of conclusions address improvements to the instructional approach, conditions that promote successful use of the model, impact of the model on student and teacher learning, and conditions conducive to efficient model development. Limitations of the study, future research options, and the implications of the model for ID instruction, the ID process, and teacher inquiry are discussed.Ph. D.
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Lindén, Guinez Amanda. "Facilitating communication for marginalised communities in Mexico : Designing a progressive web application with a participatory design approach." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-249695.
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There are areas in Oaxaca, Mexico, where larger telephone operators have refused to install a cellular network, leaving mainly indigenous communities without connectivity. A minor field study was carried out in the affected areas with the aim to build an application tackling some of the existing connectivity problems.I present an application enabling low-cost phone calls through open source mobile networks. The app contains calling and messaging features compatible with residents mobile devices. Dialogues with the users were completed to understand their priorities and practices. A participatory design approach was used throughout the design process to encourage user appropriation. Ideas suggested by the end- users included using symbols for users who could not read and copying features from Mexico’s most popular communication app, WhatsApp. Usability testing showed that the design was usable and additionally allowed for natural dialogue and user appropriation. Furthermore, I discuss opportunities and limitations with the application..I Oaxaca, Mexiko, finns det områden där telefonoperatörer vägrat installera mobilnät vilket resulterat i att samhällen, framförallt ursprungsbefolkade, lever utan mobiltelefoni. En studie utfördes i de drabbade områdena för att utveckla en applikation som angriper några av de existerande anslutningsproblemen. Jag presenterar en app som möjliggör billiga telefonsamtal via öppna mobilnät. Appen innehåller samtal- och meddelandefunktioner som är förenliga med lokala telefonmodeller. Dialoger med användarna genomfördes för att förstå deras prioriteringar och vanor. En Participatory Design metod användes för att främja användarnas känsla av delaktighet och ägandeskap av appen. Användarna föreslog idéer som att inkludera symboler för användare som inte kan läsa och kopiera familjära element från Mexiko mest använda kommunikationsapp, WhatsApp. Användarvänlighetstesten visade att designen var användbar. Testen gav även rum för en naturlig dialog och appropriering av appen. Vidare, diskuterar jag möjligheter samt begränsningar med applikationen.
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Hosai, Qasmi. "Building Solidarity and Social Cohesion through Participatory Communication in Afghanistan: A Case of the National Solidarity Program." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26130.
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Although different studies have been conducted on various aspects of the National Solidarity Program (NSP) in Afghanistan, research on strengthening solidarity and social cohesion through its participatory approach has received little attention. This research used development communication as a theoretical framework to understand the role of participatory communication in strengthening solidarity and social cohesion in Afghanistan. The study employed a qualitative case study. To this end, the study used semi-structured interviews via email and telephone with 10 participants. Thematic analysis was used to code and categorize the data. The study findings show that the NSP appears to promote participation and increase collectiveness among the Afghan people, which, in turn, seem to strengthen solidarity and social cohesion. Finally, future research areas are discussed in the light of these findings.
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Bester, Alte. "A participatory action research approach to programme evaluation in a rural society." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52686.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Recently, Participatory action research (PAR) has become a common approach to social programmes in South Africa. This tendency has created a need to evaluate this kind of programmes to determine if it really achieves what it sets out to do. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an entrepreneurial skills training programme in a rural community where a participatory action research approach was followed. A literature review was undertaken to present an in-depth look into the body of literature that surrounds the study. Programme evaluation was discussed as a research design, including types and stages of evaluation. The concept of empowerment was investigated. The review also included a study of literature on PAR, especially the definitions, context and process of PAR. The role of entrepreneurship in rural development was also investigated as well as the evaluation of entrepreneurial skills training programmes. An entrepreneurial skills training programme was implemented in the rural town of Darling on the West Coast of South Africa. The PAR approach was followed in the implementation of the study that was conducted over a period of 15 months. Participants joined the programme that included different projects, voluntarily. The participants were divided into three groups according to their period of participation in the programme. The researcher facilitated actions as well as reflection meetings with the group of participants before and after the entrepreneurial skills training course. The researcher made field notes during the implementation of the programme. The participants' empowerment status was measured with a standardized questionnaire using a pre-test-post-test design. The participants' application of the entrepreneurial skills that were taught in the course was measured during semi-structured interviews at the end of the research perico. four case studies document the extremes of the respective outcomes of the programme, namely empowerment and entrepreneurship. Statistical analysis showed statistically significant improvements in the micro, macro and total empowerment scores of the total group. Looking at the three groups separately, group one showed statistically significant improvements on the micro and interface levels and group two on the micro level. Even though group three showed small improvements on all three levels, none of them were statistically significant. Data from the field notes wer:e analyzed according to the PAR concepts of participation, action and reflection. Participation mostly had a collaborative nature; action was aimed at economical change and reflection aimed at practical problem solving. The interviews revealed that 20 of the 24 participants had micro baking businesses at the end of the research period and they succeeded in the short-term goal of applying the skills that were taught in the course. The case studies showed no correlation between the participants' application of entrepreneurial skills and the changes in their empowerment status. The findings of the study suggest that the longer participants participate in a PAR programme, the bigger the improvement in their empowerment status will be. Monitoring of the implementation revealed that the study fell short of the "ideal type" of PAR, since participation was not yet collegiate. Actions were only effective in economic change and not in social transformation. Reflection resulted in limited critical self-awareness among the participants. The PAR approach has proven to be successful in the attainment of the short-term goals of an entrepreneurial skills training programme. The long-term sustainability of the entrepreneurs' businesses will have to be followed-up by further research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die afgelope tyd is deelnemende aksie navorsing (DAN)'n algemene benadering tot sosiale intervensie programme in Suid-Afrika. Hierdie tendens het 'n behoefte laat ontstaan om hierdie tipe programme te evalueer om te bepaal of dit werklik die program doelwitte bereik. Die doel van hierdie studie was om 'n entrepreneursvaardighede opleidingsprogram in 'n landelike gemeenskap waar die DAN-benadering gevolg is, te evalueer. 'n Literatuuroorsig is onderneem om die konseptueie raamwerk wat vir die studie saamgestel is, te kan beredeneer. Programevaluering, insluitende tipes and stadia van evaluering, is bespreek as 'n navorsingsontwerp. Die konsep van bemagtiging is ook bestudeer. Die oorsig het 'n ook studie van literatuur oor DAN ingesluit, veral definisies, die konteks en die proses van DAN. Die rol van entrepreneurskap in landelike ontwikkeling is 00~ ondersoek sowel as die evaluering van opleidingsprogramme gemik op die ontwikkeling van entrepreneursvaardighede. 'n Entrepreneursvaardighede opleidingsprogram is in 'n landelike dorpie, Darling, aan die Weskus van Suid-Afrika geïmplementeer. Oor 'n periode van 15 maande is die DAN-benadering in die implementering van die program gevolg. Deelnemers het vrywillig by die program wat uit verskillende projekte bestaan het, aangesluit. Die deelnemers is na aanleiding van hul tydperk van deelname in die program in drie groepe verdeel. Die navorser het aksies sowel as refleksie byeenkomste met die groep deelnemers voor en na die entrepreneursvaardighede opleidingskursus gefasiliteer. Die navorser het veldnotas tydens die implementering van die program gemaak. Die deelnemers se bemagtigingstatus is gemeet met 'n gestandaardiseerde vraelys terwyl 'n voor-en-na-toets ontwerp gevolg is. Die deelnemers se toepassing van die entrepreneursvaardighede wat in die kursus geleer is, is tydens semigestruktureerde onderhoude aan die einde van die navorsingsperiode gemeet. Vier gevallestudies dokumenteer die uiterstes van die onderskeidelike uitkomste van die program, naamlik bemagtiging en entrepreneurskap. Statistiese analise het statisties betekenisvolle verbeteringe in die mikro, makro en totale bemagtigingsvlakke van die totale groep getoon. Afsonderlik gesien, het groep een statisties betekenisvolle verbeteringe op die mikro en tussenvlak getoon en groep twee net op die mikrovlak. Alhoewel groep drie klein verbeteringe op al drie vlakke getoon het, was geen van die verbeteringe statisties betekenisvol nie. Data van die veldnotas is volgens DAN konsepte, naamlik deelname, aksie en refleksie geanaliseer. Die deelnemers en die fasiliteerder se deelname het meestal In samewerkende aard gehad, aksie was gemik op ekonomiese verandering en refleksie was gemik op praktiese probleemoplossinq. Die onderhoude het aangetoon dat 20 van die 24 deelnemers aan die einde van die navorsingsperiode In mikro bakbesigheid gehad het en dat hulle daarin geslaag het om die korttermyn doelwit, naamlik die toepassing van die vaardighede wat in die kursus geleer is, te bereik. Die gevallestudies het geen korrelasie getoon tussen die deelnemers se toepassing van entrepreneursvaardighede en die veranderinge in hulle bemagtigingstatus nie. Die studie se bevindinge dui daarop dat hoe langer deelnemers aan In DAN-program deelneem, hoe groter sal die verbetering in hulle bemagtigingstatus wees. Die monitering van die implementering van die program het laat biyk dat die studie tekort skiet in vergelyking met die "ideaaltipe" van DAN, want die deelname was nog nie korporatief nie. Aksies was net suksesvol in ekonomiese verandering en nie in sosiale transformasie nie. Refleksie het tot beperkte kritiese "selfbewustheid" by die deelnemers gelei. Dit blyk dat die DAN-benadering suksesvol was om die korttermyn doelwitte van In entrepreneursvaardighede opleidingsprogram te bereik. Die langtermyn volhoubaarheid van die entrepreneurs se bakbesighede sal met verdere navorsing opgevolg moet word.
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Vandeyar, Thirusellvan. "A participatory approach to the formulation of an information and communication technology policy A Q-methodology case study /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03082005-112438/.
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Sjödin, Hanna. "Participatory communication for a culture of peace in a post-conflict context." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23585.
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This study aims at researching how a sustainable culture of peace can be built through civic engagement in the Abkhaz-Georgian post-conflict context. It does so by learning from locally based NGOs, working for a culture of peace in areas affected by the Abkhaz-Georgian armed conflict which occurred 1993 to 1994. The studied NGOs work for different components within a Culture of Peace such as; women’s rights, peace building, social and economic development, democratic participation and human rights. In order to answer the research question following sub questions are answered: •What can we learn from the experiences of the studied organizations’ participatory communication for social change? •How has the culture of communication in the Abkhaz-Georgian post conflict context been affecting the participatory communication for social change for the different organizations?The method to collect data to the research has been through a field study in Abkhazia and outside its border on the Georgian side, in the city Zugdidi which is the closest city to the Abkhazian border. Participatory observations and interviews with representatives from the different organizations working for a culture of peace were conducted during two and a half months. The theoretical framework used for the study consists of three theories. The first is the theory of “Culture of Peace”, used to analyze how the studied NGOs are working for a culture of peace. The second is the theory “participatory communication for social change” which is used to analyze the work of the studied organizations in order to know how they work for sustainable civic engagement. Lastly, the theory used to look at how the Abkhaz-Georgian post-conflict context is affecting the communication, is the theory “culture of communication”. The findings of the research present solutions of how to practice participatory communication to build a culture of peace in a post-conflict context. However, the research also discovers how certain public values and views in a post-conflict context can hinder effective work through participatory communication as well as ways of overcoming these challenges.
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Contreras, Reyna Karina Rosas. "Evaluating micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) development programmes in Mexico : a practical participatory approach." Thesis, University of Hull, 2004. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5601.
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This thesis is about a participatory approach to evaluation of development programmes for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in Mexico. It advocates the use of intangible factors (stakeholders' claims, concerns and issues) and the participation of stakeholders in the process of evaluation. This evaluation approach could complement conventional approaches used to evaluate programmes for MSMEs in Mexico. In considering these ideas, this research explored the evolution of evaluation identified by Guba and Lincoln and noted some of the problems faced in the evaluation of programmes for MSMEs (e.g. absence of clear objectives, difficulties in expressing the objectives in quantifiable measures and inappropriateness to deal with social behaviour inquiry). This research proposed a shift towards a qualitative evaluation approach and developed a Situationally Responsive Practical Participatory Evaluation (SRPPE) approach. This approach relied upon the accommodation of Guba and Lincoln's Fourth Generation Evaluation and Patton's Utilization-focused evaluation. In this sense, the term accommodation refers to the integration of their methodologies from a practical point of view and their use in parallel from a theoretical point of view. The SRPPE approach considered the claims, concerns and issues (CC&I) of the programme stakeholders as inputs of the evaluation. These refer to the favourable and unfavourable assertions related to the programme and to the declarations of disagreement between stakeholders of the programme. The CC&I are used to analyse components such as decision-making, political, learning and characteristics of the evaluator. The output of the evaluation process promotes conceptual, symbolic and instrumental uses of the evaluation. This approach was tested using a constructivist and interpretivist methodology in which the nominal group technique and focus groups were used to collect information. The information was analysed and interpreted by following a qualitative approach and case studies were used to describe the structure and outcomes of the evaluation of two Mexican programmes for MSMEs. The findings of the research project suggested that an evaluation approach which considered intangible factors helped to understand the programmes, revealed the different views stakeholders had, unveiled conflicts due to different stakeholders' interests and provided a guide towards programme improvement.
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Kaatz, Ewelina. "Development of benchmarks and weighting systems for building environmental assessment methods : opportunities of a participatory approach." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4767.
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Bibliography: leaves 41-44.Sustainable construction is a tenns that emerged with the introduction of the concept of sustainable development in construction. Therefore, sustainable construction embraces socio-economic, cultural, biophysical, technical and process-orientated aspects of construction practice and activities. The progress towards sustain ability in construction may be assessed by implementation of good practice in building developments. Therefore, building environmental assessment methods are valuable tools of indicating such a progress as well as promoting sustainable approaches in construction. An effective building environmental assessment method requires definition of explicit benchmarks and weightings. These should take into account environmental, social and economic contexts of building developments. As the existing building environmental assessment methods largely ignore socioeconomic impacts of building developments, the implementation of a participatory approach in the development of benchmarks and weighting systems could greatly contribute to a more meaningful incorporation of social and economic aspects into the assessment process. Furthennore, the participation of stakeholders in establishing qualitative benchmarks and weights should increase the credibility of such a process. The participatory approach could allow for education of all stakeholders about the potential environmental, social and economic consequences of their decisions and actions, which is so vital for achieving their commitment to strive towards sustainable construction.
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Salas, Daniela. "Does a participatory sharing and learning approach make an effective HIV provider training program?" restricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07172007-161836/.
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Thesis (M.P.H.)--Georgia State University, 2007.Title from file title page. Michael Eriksen, committee chair; Betty Apt, Marshall Kreuter, committee members. Electronic text (121 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 25, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-115).
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Mighton, Lisa. "Immigrant integration conflicts in Malmö through a development communication lens." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22825.
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In the context of significant numbers of Muslim newcomers immigrating to Europe andperceptions of failed integration in Sweden, and in light of the urban conflict andincreasing debates about integration as a one-way or two-way street, this paper sets out a“communication for development”-informed theoretical framework that focuses on thestruggle for social cohesion and immigrant integration in Malmö, Sweden. The paperuses triangulation to view this challenging situation from various perspectives. Not onlydoes this reveal that unemployment and lack of power have taken their toll on agencyamong migrants—particularly Iraqi men—but also that the strongest stories showingimmigration as an asset—particularly Iraqi women—are not being told in the media.Through the use of empirical material from Malmö, this paper contends that participatorycommunication in Malmö is less than participatory, and that integration in Sweden, in itsexpectations, leans uncomfortably close to assimilation. The paper gives examples ofseveral development communication initiatives for integration that have had positiveresults, with strong evidence that community media, as just one example, has proveneffective at improving immigrant integration. The paper concludes that developmentcommunication initiatives show promise for improving social cohesion in Malmö, andthat these can be effective only if the choice to participate, and the choices of initiative,medium and content are made by the migrants themselves.
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Bosch, Steven. "The communication approach of the loveLife HIV/AIDS prevention programme / S. Bosch." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4150.
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loveLife, the South African national HIV/AIDS prevention programme for youth, is known for its brand-oriented billboards and mass media campaign that ranges over various print-, broadcast- and alternative media.
However, the organisation also implements a national grass-roots peer motivation programme where various activities are co-ordinated by youths (GroundBREAKERS and Mpintshis) from the community.
The organisation has been criticised for its communication approach, with many researchers primarily focusing on the organisation's mass media and billboards.
This study investigates the communicative approach(es) in loveLife's programme implementation in the light of the normative theory of participatory communication. The focus of this study is to identify how loveLife describes its communication approach, what communication approach the organisation employs and how the organisation's communication approach is perceived by a sample of its target audience.
The research was conducted by means of a literature review, qualitative content analysis of loveLife's policy documentation and a selection of the organisation's media. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted at head office, which are contrasted with focus groups with the participants at an implementation site.
Broadly, it was found that loveLife's programme is more participatory than most critics would expect and that the organisation attempts to put its primary focus on face-to-face communication. But, there is also tension in what loveLife communicates on a national level and how it relates to grass-roots activities as the national / media-driven communication is more modernistic in its approach, whereas the grass-roots communication is more participatory.Thesis (M.A. (Communication Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Dupuy, Sandra. "Co-creation in serious digital game development: innovation and participatory method for entertainment-education." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23427.
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This research proposes to investigate the contribution that innovative development projects involving digital games can make to the field of entertainment-education (EE), which has been considered as a communication strategy falling under the media for development approach in the broader field of communication for development (Manyozo, 2012). Studies have shown that EE scholarship and practice is largely rooted in theories of individual behaviour change, but also that new theoretical perspectives deriving from participatory and empowering, as well as cultural approaches to communication are emerging in the field. The prevalence of innovation and of the application of EE principles to new mediums like digital games has also been brought to light (Obregon & Tufte, 2014). Digital games as a vehicle for EE have been analysed through the concept of serious games, or games with a utilitarian purpose, and from a behaviour change perspective (Wang & Singhal, 2009). The present research project aimed at reflecting on serious games and EE from a new perspective through the notion of innovation, and was conducted by means of exploratory and comparative qualitative case study. Findings show that innovation is closely associated with the notions of co-creation and participation. By focusing on a participatory approach to game design, innovative development projects involving digital games fit predominantly in emergent theories in EE, and combine elements of multiple approaches to communication for development, not principally the media for development approach.
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Martinez, Gonzalez Natal Alejandro. "A transaction costs approach to community participatory development : orthodox theory vs reality in traditional communities in Mexico." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2690/.
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This thesis examines the obstacles that communities have to confront, and the solutions they have made use of to organise and sustain community participation for service provision. Orthodox participatory theory assumes that communities have the knowledge and the appropriate attitudes to manage participatory projects effectively. This thesis questions these assumptions by using Transaction Cost Theory to understand the failures and successes of Community Participatory Development (CPD). Participant observation in three traditional rural Mexican communities demonstrated that the assumptions of self-reliant participatory development theory overlook important problems, such as unequally distributed and limited information, limited resources and skills, opportunistic attitudes and conflicts of interest. These problems generate cooperation costs in terms of time, effort and other material and intangible resources. We argue that the larger these costs, the less likely it is that community participation will succeed unless effective incentives are created to overcome them. This is so, because rural people intend to be rational and self-interested individuals, who will only involve themselves in collective action if they expect the benefits to exceed the costs. However, we argue, that rationality is institutionally bounded, and that local institutions play a central role in determining choices and behaviour. Therefore, successful community participation is directly related to communities' capacity to use institutional arrangements to deal with the costs of cooperation and specially to reconcile private and collective interests. This thesis shows that institutional arrangements that sanction opportunism, and shape individual behaviour in favour of the collective interest are needed for collective action to arise. These institutional solutions involve sanctions and hierarchies to ensure successful projects, problems ignored by populist participatory theories. By so doing, this thesis builds an alternative and more critical model for the analysis of participation theory, and presents a new perspective on the possibilities and limitations of Transaction Costs Economics.
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Davies, van Es Anna Catherine. "Towards a developmental approach : an evaluation of a participatory action research development process with the NGO, WARMTH." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10349.
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Includes bibliographical references.This study is an evaluation of a year-long participatory development intervention with the non-governmental organisation (NGO), WAR on Malnutrition Tuberculosis and Hunger (hereafter WARMTH). It looks at the attempts by the organisation to make the ideological and practical shift from welfare to developmental practice, and the impact on their key beneficiaries, the Kitchen Operators (KOs). This process is extremely complex and difficult due to the South African context and a history of welfare and dependency relationship within the organisation.
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Samuel, Abby. "Participatory Budgeting for Social Change in Wales: How do policymakers, civil society and citizens communicate around it?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24007.
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In the 2019 National Survey for Wales, 81% of respondents stated that they felt they couldnot influence decisions in their local area and only 14% said they were consulted about howpublic funds were spent (National Survey, 2019). Participatory budgeting (PB) offers atangible way to improve these figures, providing transparency about public spending andgiving power to local people to influence decisions. It also has the potential to encouragemore cohesive communities to develop, which in light of the UK’s recent departure from theEU could become increasingly important going forwards.Public discussion about the possibility of introducing PB in Wales has been taking place forover a decade, but the initiative is yet to be widely adopted. In order for PB to reach itspotential as a mechanism for social change, it is vital that the community are activelyinvolved in the process. To explore this idea, the focus of the research will be on therelationship between policymakers, civil society and citizens in Wales, and how aparticipatory approach could be used to improve communication amongst these actors andstrengthen relationships. This is a qualitative study that draws from various theories ofparticipation and relies on data from in-depth interviews with professionals and practitionersinvolved in PB in Wales.
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Huber, Bernhard. "Communicative aspects of participatory video projects : An exploratory study." Thesis, Department of Rural Development Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-30488.
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This exploratory study analyses the functions and implications of participatory video projects inrural development settings. The term ‘participatory video’ refers to a bundle of innovativeusages of video technology which enjoy growing popularity in many corners of the world. Afterthe first trials in the late 1960s participatory video has developed into several differentdirections and there is no consensus of what the term actually stands for. In the currentliterature participatory video is closely associated to the burgeoning field of participatoryapproaches such as Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA), even though its application goesbeyond the idea of participatory research and learning in many instances.There is by no means a consistent, established way of using the tool; experience and knowledgeabout what good practice is differ from person to person and in the literature. This studytherefore categorises the varying approaches into a typology based on a review of the relativelyscarce literature on the subject. Through a conceptual distinction of different project goals,three basic kinds of participatory video are identified, i. e. therapy-, activism- andempowerment-type video.The central part of the study consists of three case studies, from Mexico, Tanzania, andVietnam respectively. In each of these the functions and implications of participatory video useare identified. A particular focus is put on the second case study, the ‘Fisherfolks’ Project’, asthe relatively biggest amount of background information has been available. A number oftheories and concepts are tested on this case in order to deepen the understanding of thepotentials and limitations of participatory video. The concepts and theories applied to the caseinclude pluralism, the platform approach, soft systems thinking; Habermas’ theory ofcommunicative action and ultimately the principle of participation as applied in PRA. It isfound that participatory video is appropriate to facilitate processes such as mediation, conflictmanagement, capacity building and empowerment.Since the study is of exploratory nature, a considerable stress was put on the identification ofinteresting fields of further research. A list of easily available participatory video literature (inthe appendix) has been compiled to provide a starting point for such research.
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Costello, Susan, and not supplied. "Crossing the borders: A critical approach to cross cultural social work education." RMIT University. Education, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20090501.102211.
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This PhD by project outlines research conducted in 2007 on the Thai Burma border, introducing social work education to Burmese health and community workers. In addition to experiencing physical and social upheaval, workers have little access to general education or training in relation to their work with refugees and displaced people. A request from the director of a Refugee Health Clinic to provide social work education for local workers led to my research question: How do I develop and teach a culturally relevant, cross cultural, sustainable social work curriculum for Burmese health and community workers on the Thai Burma border? The project consists of a product: three manuals of curriculum developed on the border and written for use by future visitors or locally trained workers, and an exegesis: an exploration of the research, methodology and a detailed analysis of my product in the context of the literature. The exegesis is organised around three main themes. First is the intersection of social work education and international social work, with a critique of colonialist impositions of Western social work in developing Asian countries. This section considers what constitutes relevant social work and social work education in this context. The second theme examines the researcher's attempts to suspend her assumptions and create a learning exchange through culturally sensitive social relationships that acknowledge and scrutinize power relations within the Burma border context. The final theme raises questions of critical pedagogy. Key differences in beliefs about educational purpose and approaches can be identified between Asia and the Western world. The project employed adult learning principles and explored the challenges of teaching critical thinking. Based on a participatory action research model, the curriculum design process attempted to be collaborative, inclusive and recursive. As a corollary, the project created a community of practice that continues to meet and work together towards social justice for migrants on the border, concepts that were not known to the participants prior to the training program. The project aimed to connect international social work education to social work's core missions of emancipation, human rights and activism on the Thai Burma border. The themes are transferable to other sites of social work in the Asia-Pacific region where social development precedes the practice and teaching of social work.
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ALEXANDRAKIS, VASSILIS. "A participatory approach to the development of specifications for a 3D puzzle for visually impaired and sighted users." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190782.
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Det finns begränsad tillgång till pussel för personer med synfel (inklusive blinda personer). För att undersöka behovet av potentiella användare i 3D kartpussel och identifiera deras preferenser, behov och krav, användes en kvalitativ metod som på engelska kallas ”participatory design”. Projektet utfördes i Kreta och alla deltagare kom från ön. Då Icke-standardiserade subjekt användes i forskningsprojektet användes lämpliga tillgängliga metoder och kommunikationsvägar för att anpassa studien för denna grupp. Stor vikt lades ner på bakgrundsstudier, inklusive intervjuer med experter och undersökning av befintligt material inom detta ämne. För att underlätta förståelsen av konceptet och skapa en gemensam referensram för alla deltagare gjordes funktionella 3D prototyper av kartpussel föreställande Kreta. Prototyperna gjordes i trä, antingen tall eller MDF. Därefter organiserades fokusgrupper och intervjuer. I fokusgrupperna deltog vuxna och barn med synnedsättning. Aktiviteterna var scenariokreation, utvärdering av användarvänlighet och en enkätundersökning som fylldes in av de som kunde (personer med tillräckligt god syn). Data som samlades analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoder. Resultatet av testerna visade potentiella användarvänlighetsproblem för prototyperna, de flesta relaterade till synskadade individers erfarenheter av linkande produkter. Dessutom identifierades deltagarnas preferenser och behov angående temat, storlek, material, typ av samband och andra faktorer av pusslet. Resultaten visar att osäkerhet eller brist på bekräftelse huruvida pusselbitarna var lagda rätt eller fel var den största svårigheten bland deltagare med synnedsättning. Den mest populära metoden för låsning av pusselbitarna bland de med synnedsättning var ”fit in a frame” och ”magnets”. Majoriteten av deltagarna uppmuntrade att lägga till färger på pusslet och markera olika städer. Sex av åtta deltagare var intresserade av att köpa pussel liknande det som de testat. Av 22 icke synskadade personer svarade nio av dem att det är möjligt att de skulle köpa pusslet och elva svarade att det är väldigt möjligt att de skulle köpa tredimensionella pussel. Mer än hälften såg färger som ett tilläggselement på pusslet. De två mest populära låsningsmetoderna var ”loose contact” och ”fit in a frame”. Angående materialvalet, togs trä emot väl av både synskadade och icke-synskadade testpersoner. Träprototyper var dock det enda tillgängliga under testet. Deltagare gav flera förslag angående temat, storlek och extra egenskaper för produkten. Det resulterade i att många idéer genererades under ”workshopen”. Utfall, problem och begränsningar relaterade till de använda metoderna diskuterades och rekommendationer för framtida studier gjordes.There are a limited number of puzzles accessible to visually impaired people (including the blind population) and also limited 3D map-puzzles available in the market. In order to explore the interest of potential users in 3D map-puzzles and identify their preferences, needs and demands, a participatory design approach was adopted. The project took place in Crete and all participants came from the local population. Because of the non-standard population included in this research project (visually impaired people) accessible methods and means of communication had to be selected. Therefore an extensive background research was performed, including interviews with experts and a thorough study of existing knowledge and previous research in related fields. Aiming to facilitate understanding of the concept and to provide a common point of reference for all participants, functional prototypes of a 3D map-puzzle of the island of Crete were developed and manufactured. Prototypes were made of wood, either Pine or MDF. Subsequently, focus group and interview sessions were organized. Visually impaired and sighted, adults and children, participated in these sessions which included usability testing of the prototypes, scenario creation and a questionnaire (for the sighted participants). Data collected in the conducted sessions were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods. The results revealed usability problems of the prototypes and provided signs of potential problems, most of them related to the use of similar products by visually impaired individuals. Additionally, preferences and needs of the participants about the theme, the size, the material, the type of connection and other elements of the puzzle, were identified. According to the findings, the most severe problem, occurring when visually impaired participants tried to assemble the puzzle, was the uncertainty or “lack of confirmation” whether pieces were assembled in the right way or not. The most popular connection types among visually impaired participants were “fit in a frame” and “magnet”. Additionally, the majority of visually impaired participants were in favor of adding colors on the puzzle and marks for the different cities. Regarding buying interest, six out of eight visually impaired participants stated that they would buy a puzzle like the one they tested. Out of the twenty-two sighted participants, nine answered that it is “possible” and eleven answered that it is “highly possible” to buy a 3D map-puzzle. More than half of the sighted participants selected colors as an additional element on the puzzle while the two most popular connection types were “loose contact” and “fit in a frame”. Regarding the material of the puzzle, wood was well accepted by both sighted and visually impaired participants. However, only prototypes made from wood were available to the participants. Additionally, participants made various suggestions regarding the theme, the size and additional elements of a 3D puzzle. As a result, many ideas were produced during the sessions. Eventually, outcomes, problems and limitations related to the methods used during the study were discussed and recommendations for future work were made.
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Hogan, Lindsay. "Using a participatory approach to the development of a school-based physical activity policy in an indegenous community." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119431.
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This current study is part of a larger Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) project that aims to 1) develop and implement the physical activity component of a school-based wellness policy, 2) evaluate the facilitators and barriers to implementation and application of the findings among a wide range of stakeholders, and 3) disseminate the findings to other stakeholders within and outside the community. The policy intervention project is being carried out collaboratively by community stakeholders and academic researchers within the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project, a well-established health promotion organization in the First Nations community of Kahnawake. Using data produced during the policy development phase, this current study's purpose was to explore how a group of stakeholders develop a local school physical activity policy in a participatory manner as well as the facilitators and barriers to the development process. This case study was guided by an interpretive description approach and draws upon data from documentary analysis and participant observation. The results show how a CBPR approach allowed academic researchers and community stakeholders to collaborate and develop a physical activity policy that is both evidence-based and contextually appropriate. The development process was influenced by a variety of barriers and facilitators including working within existing structures, securing appropriate stakeholders, school contextual factors, and issues of time. This research provides a process framework that others looking to develop school-based wellness policies may make use of with appropriate modifications based on their own environments.Cette étude fait partie d'un projet de recherche participative communautaire qui vise à 1) développer et mettre en œuvre la section activité physique d'une politique de bien-être à l'école, 2) évaluer les facilitateurs et les obstacles à la mise en œuvre et l'application des résultats parmi un grand nombre de parties prenantes, et 3) diffuser les résultats à d'autres parties prenantes à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de la communauté. Le projet est effectué en collaboration avec les intervenants communautaires et les chercheurs universitaires affiliés avec Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project, une organisation de promotion de la santé qui est bien établie dans la communauté des Premières Nations de Kahnawake. En utilisant les données produites au cours de la phase de développement de la politique, le but de cette étude était d'explorer comment un groupe d'intervenants a produit une politique d'activité physique à l'école d'une manière participative ainsi que les facilitateurs et les obstacles au processus de développement. Cette étude de cas fut guidée par une approche interprétative descriptive et s'appuie sur des données provenant de sources documentaires et observation participante. Les résultats montrent comment une approche de recherche participative communautaire a permis aux chercheurs universitaires et aux intervenants communautaires de collaborer et de développer une politique d'activité physique qui est à la fois fondée sur des données probantes et adaptée aux circonstances. Le processus de développement a été influencé par plusieurs obstacles et facilitateurs, notamment le travail parmi les structures existantes, la disponibilité d'intervenants appropriés, l'observation de facteurs contextuels scolaires et le respect des contraintes de temps. Cette recherche fournit un cadre de référence pour tous ceux qui cherchent à développer des politiques de bien-être en milieu scolaire; ils pourront par la suite ajouter les modifications nécessaires en fonction de leurs propres environnements.
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Simkins, Ian Malcolm. "The development of the 'Insight Method' : a participatory approach for primary school children to reveal their place experiences." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14923/.
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This research develops a participatory methodology to gain understanding of the existing and aspirational place experiences of primary school children. It aims to empower children by giving them a voice ordinarily hidden from design and planning processes. Exploration and testing of methodologies has been ongoing since 1999 in a number of practice based case studies involving primary school children. As a result of refinement through a review of practice and literature a provisional framework of methodological tools was constructed for testing and developing in the participatory phases of the research. This involved the contribution of 68 participant children.
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Reiman, A. (Arto). "Holistic work system design and management:— a participatory development approach to delivery truck drivers’ work outside the cab." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2013. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526202198.
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Abstract The road freight transport industry as a labour-intensive sector is dependent on the work ability and well-being at work of employees. The majority of the occupational accidents are related to work phases outside the cab. These work phases, which are performed in various different work environments, contain several kinds of ergonomic discomforts. This poses complex challenges for the employers from a safety and productivity point of view. The framework of this thesis is based on the foundations of ergonomics and design science. The main objective was to provide knowledge that can be implemented into the design and management of work systems for local and short haul delivery operations. Material was obtained from two sources. A meta-synthesis was performed to frame holistic management in a human perspective. Furthermore, additional in-depth design knowledge was obtained through participatory ergonomics video analyses on drivers’ work outside the cab. Video analyses resulted in 262 identifications of demanding work situations where ergonomic discomforts and risks of accidents occurred. Sudden over-exertions and strains, falls and slips as well as losing control of work equipment were the most common deviations related to drivers’ work outside the cab and mainly related to physical activities of movement and carrying by hand. The majority of the work situations identified were performed in cargo spaces or elsewhere within the truck structure or at premises and yards that are administered by the customers or other stakeholders. In these environments, drivers tend to perform their work manually or using different types of work equipment. This thesis provides new in-depth knowledge on drivers’ work outside the cab. The results show that different stakeholders can contribute to drivers’ work systems. The knowledge provided by drivers and other stakeholders can be applied to holistic design and management processes at company level. Moreover, the knowledge can also be applied to broader value chain design and management processesTiivistelmä Tieliikenteen tavarankuljetus työvoimavaltaisena toimialana on riippuvainen henkilöstön työkyvystä ja -hyvinvoinnista. Suurin osa tapaturmista liittyy työtehtäviin ohjaamon ulkopuolella. Näitä töitä tehdään hyvin vaihtelevissa työympäristöissä ja niihin työtehtäviin liittyy monenlaisia ergonomisia haittakuormitustekijöitä. Tämä asettaa haasteita niin työsuojelun kuin tuottavuuden näkökulmasta. Väitöskirjan viitekehys pohjautuu ergonomiaan sekä suunnittelutieteeseen. Tavoitteena on tuottaa tietoa, jota voidaan hyödyntää työjärjestelmien suunnittelussa ja johtamisessa erityisesti maaliikenteen jakelukuljetuksissa. Materiaali koostui kahdesta osiosta. Metasynteesillä muodostettiin näkemys kokonaisvaltaisesta johtamisesta ihmisnäkökulmasta. Lisäksi kuljettajat ja sidosryhmien edustajat analysoivat osallistuvan ergonomian keinoin videoaineistoa jakelukuljettajien työstä ohjaamon ulkopuolella. Videoanalyyseissa tunnistettiin yhteensä 262 työtilannetta, jossa esiintyy erilaisia ergonomisia haittakuormitustekijöitä sekä mahdollisia tapaturmariskejä. Äkilliset fyysiset kuormitukset, putoamiset, liukastumiset ja kaatumiset sekä työvälineiden hallinnan menettäminen olivat yleisimpiä tunnistettuja poikkeamia kuljettajan työssä. Pääasiassa nämä liittyivät kuljettajan liikkumiseen sekä erilaisten taakkojen kantamiseen. Valtaosassa (85 %) havainnoista kuljettaja työskenteli ajoneuvon kuormatilassa tai päällirakenteissa tai asiakkaiden tai muiden sidosryhmien hallinnoimissa työympäristöissä. Näissä työympäristöissä kuljettaja työskenteli sekä manuaalisesti käsin että hyödyntäen erilaisia apuvälineitä. Väitöskirja tarjoaa uudenlaista syvällistä tietoa kuljettajan työstä ohjaamon ulkopuolella. Eri sidosryhmät voivat osaltaan vaikuttaa kuljettajan työjärjestelmiin. Kuljettajien ja sidosryhmien tuottamaa tietoa voidaan soveltaa työjärjestelmien kokonaisvaltaisessa suunnittelussa ja johtamisessa niin yritystasolla kuin myös suunniteltaessa ja johdettaessa laajempia arvoketjuja
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Chamreondararasami, Busabong. "Assessing the educational needs of medical teachers and providing an appropriate professional development programme : a participatory based approach." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1989. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843029/.
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This study aimed to determine the appropriateness of a participatory-based approach to assessment of educational needs of medical teachers in the Faculty of Medicine at Chiang Mai University by developing a procedural model and empirical testing its validity and efficacy. The main purpose is to design and run the Professional Development Unit effectively in the Faculty. The development of the participatory based approach was undertaken within the theoretical framework of self development and humanistic adult education philosophies, and also within the context and constraints of the Faculty of Medicine at Chiang Mai University, A set of key characteristics of the approach was identified as appropriate to the Faculty situation. A number of criteria was then operationally defined to test empirically the validity of those characteristics and the efficacy of the procedural model itself. A series of tests was conducted in connection with training workshops in the Faculty of Medicine at Chiang Mai University during 1981-1988. This series was divided administratively into four stages: (1) preliminary field research on 6 medical teachers; this is an informal assessment of educational needs of medical teachers; (2) local expert judgement of the educational needs of medical teachers in Workshop 1, the aim of this stage being for gaining permission from key persons and developing the Professional Development Programme; (3) The core committee based approach was applied in Workshop 2, the main purpose being for the heads of departments to study the possibility of implementing the Professional Development Programme; and (4) a participatory based approach was applied directly to the sample groups of medical teachers. The validity of the approach characteristics and the efficacy of the procedure were tested before implementation in various groups of medical teachers. The major results of the study are that the participatory based approach to identification of educational needs of medical teachers is highly appropriate for the Faculty of Medicine at Chiang Mai University. The procedural approach and its characteristics were well accepted by all individuals at the workshops. All professional experts readily accepted that the initial approach was the best available and provided a suitable format for their programme planning. Substantially, the test results of the modified approach indicate that it is highly acceptable to the professional experts for the purposes of programme planning. A number of recommendations have been forwarded for the refinement of this participatory based approach to assessment of educational needs of medical teachers, and for the empirical testing of the validity and efficacy of its refined characteristics in the Faculty. The recommendations also indicate the possibility of using the approach in other purposes as an integral part of the programme planning process.
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Frantz, Dmitri. "The role and impact of local government communication strategies in participatory governance: The case of Lamberts Bay." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6692.
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Magister Artium - MAThis research examines the role and impact of local government communication strategies in participatory governance with particular reference to Lamberts Bay, South Africa. The investigation aimed at establishing whether the communication strategies of the municipality serve as an effective mechanism to promote public participation in local government. The study used qualitative research methodology, towards the realisation of the aims and objectives of the study. Accordingly, an interview schedule was used as a tool that contains the pre-determined questions prepared in order to acquire insight and knowledge of the councillors, administration, community and community organisations. In addition, observation was used as a tool to observe the dynamics of the different institutionalised structures such as the ward committee meeting, council meeting and public meeting. An empirical study was conducted to measure the role and impact of communication strategies used by the local authority in the case study area of Lamberts Bay to enhance public participation. The findings indicated that the communication strategies used by local government to encourage meaningful participation within the case study area is not effective with regard to enabling local residents to participate meaningfully in governance decisionmaking within the region. The study concluded by presenting a number of recommendations in an attempt to improve the communication between the citizens and local government and to enhance public participation of local residents.
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Leander, Frida. "From visions of sharing power to building a culture of learning. Citizen participation in communication processes for development, in Malmö, Sweden." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21485.
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The City of Malmö, Sweden’s third largest city, has high ambitions when it comes to inclusion and participation from local businesses and universities, NGOs and citizens. The decision to democratize management and to change the city’s processes towards working on (more) equal terms with relevant actors, was made by the City Council in 2014 as a step towards a socially sustainable development. The City Planning Office of Malmö has the main responsibility for city developing projects. One of the city’s current developing projects is called Amiralsstaden, defined as a geographical area and a development process. The ambition of the project is to “through broad participation and co-creation, improve the city- and living environment and investigate how new housing and new businesses can be established” (malmo.se 2018: a) The project focuses on creating new ways of working with physical planning and to create new models for participation (Reflecting Paper 2018). Since 2017, Amiralsstaden has facilitated two different participatory communication processes for development. Communication for Development scholar, Linje Manyozo (2012:222), argues that development communication no longer is a question of relevant technology or local contexts, nor a question of top-down or bottom-up approaches. Instead, he says, it is a question of how power figures in the political economy of both development and communication. A key indicator of whether media and communication for development interventions have played a critical role in society should therefore revolve around an understanding of how power has been negotiated and contested in favour of people. With Amiralsstaden as case study, this thesis sets out to explore how the ambitions of participation on policy level translate into ‘real world’ city planning and what impact it has on development. More specifically, I want to know how citizen participation in communication processes for development is practiced, experienced and what these processes lead to in terms of results and outcome for the city and for the participants. The study is based on qualitative research methodologies, mainly in-depth interviews and observations. Concepts related to participation, such as power, voice, and representation, are in focus to analyse and understand participatory processes and how they contribute to city development.
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Makunyane, M. E. "An investigation of the communication practices of the Kodumela Peanut-Butter Development Project." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07172007-133837.
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Guinand, Yves. "Target group and development oriented participatory approach for agricultural research and development : the case of agroforestry in the East and Central African highlands /." [S.l : s.n.], 1998. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Nitsche, Lena. "Development 2.0? Participation and ICTs in a network organization." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-226029.
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Participatory communication through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has been identified to enhance self-dependency and equality for local communities in development projects. As well, ICTs served as an accelerator for citizen participation in social movements, such as in Egypt. However, it is still questionable how participation and ICTs are understood on a global scale where structural inequalities between developing and developed countries might influence communication processes. Similarly, international organizations often address a global network of stakeholders with various economic and social backgrounds. However, it is unclear how participatory communication and ICTs are used in global organizations aiming to foster sustainable development. Hence, this thesis investigates the understanding and practices of participatory communication and the role of ICTs in a global network organization, the Global Water Partnership (GWP) based in Stockholm. The GWPs network consists of 2964 institutional partners in 172 countries worldwide. It can be seen that the GWP aims to achieve dialogic communication with local partners, but that they do not have a mechanism that ensures continuous participation in all working processes, although the local partners demand more possibilities to contribute and participate. As well, ICTs play a minor role in addressing the GWP network. In fact, most of the partner organizations do not have reliable internet access and insufficient English literacy, which makes communication through ICTs especially challenging.This suggests that globally operating organizations should be careful not to reproduce existing power relationship between developed and developing countries through the use of ICTs. As well, more mechanisms need to be established which ensure more participation in organization’s processes.
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Costa, da Silva Catela Teixeira Margarida. "A Call to Anger : A feminist participatory approach to anti-trafficking communication for social change in collaboration with the Youth Advocacy Group of NGO Atina." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-39437.
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Voices of women affected by trafficking in human beings for sexual exploitation (THBSE) are often marginalized and they are not usually included in the design and implementation of anti-trafficking campaigns. Although these campaigns present themselves as Communication for Social Change, the final result often betrays the principles of this form of communication. This thesis aims to tackle that gap, in partnership with the Serbian NGO Atina and their Youth Advocacy Group. The objective is to understand what is the perspective of women affected by THBSE in regards to institutional imagery of anti-trafficking campaigns and its persuasive potential for social change. The methodology was informed by a feminist participatory approach which included a) a focus group where participants were shown examples of anti-trafficking imagery, b) a workshop where participants designed their own campaign, and c) two expert interviews. After analyzing a sample of 21 images of anti-trafficking campaigns from 12 countries (Serbia, USA, Canada, France, Spain, Portugal, Romania, Brazil, Luxembourg, Colombia, Ukraine and Israel), this thesis finds that anti-trafficking campaigns tend to fail at their potential for social change. This is due to misrepresentations that ignore the complexity of THBSE as a system of exploitation and by perpetuating harmful stereotypes about what a victim should or should not look like, thereby contributing to the silencing and marginalization of victims. Anti-trafficking campaigns also tend to rely on awareness-raising rather than promoting social change. This thesis also presents what a campaign designed by women affected by sexual exploitation would look like, which focused on systemic change rather than individualized narratives. Based on the research, it was also possible to propose guidelines for participatory approaches to communication against THBSE.
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Tilak, Sameer S. "Towards a holistic approach for protocol development in sensor networks." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.
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