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Bates, Benjamin R., Daniela A. Grijalva, and Mario J. Grijalva. "A culture-centered, participatory approach to defining “development” in rural Ecuador." Qualitative Research Reports in Communication 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17459435.2020.1742776.
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Hu, Ying, and Phyllis Ngai. "Organizational Communications in Developing Ethnic Tourism: Participatory Approaches in Southwest China." Tourism Culture & Communication 21, no. 2 (July 20, 2021): 123–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/109830421x16191799472006.
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Ethnic tourism promises to solve rural development challenges, create employment, and preserve indigenous heritages. However, the development process is not always empowering. Often-cited problems are organizational communication challenges and conflicts that characterize partnerships among ethnic minority villages, tourism management companies, and government agencies. Such communication difficulties characterize ethnic tourism development processes in many parts of China. This article reports on a case study conducted in the famous Xijiang Thousand Households Miao Village (Xijiang Quianhu Miaozhai), Guizhou, China. Specifically, we investigate the determinants and nature of common organizational communication problems experienced by ethnic communities in the process of tourism development. Survey and interview data indicate that changes in local governance, clashes in tourism management, and a lack of agreement on the meaning of "community participation" created organizational communication problems manifested in conflicts among tourism managers and villagers, administrative districts/villages, and groups within the villages. Drawing from development communication and organizational communication literature, the authors assess the possibilities of applying participatory communication as a strategic approach to conflict resolution. On the basis of critical analysis, the authors offer four recommendations for adapting the participatory approach to address organizational communication problems in ethnic tourism development sites: (1) value participation, (2) develop clear understanding of what empowering participatory communication entails, (3) integrate the indigenous mode of communication/participation, and (4) hybridize the participatory communication approach to accommodate the conditions and limitations that prevail in the specific context.
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Patil, Dhanraj A. "Participatory Communication Approach for RD: Evidence from Two Grassroots CR Stations in Rural India." Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development 29, no. 1 (June 2019): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1018529119860623.
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The traditional approach of communication for rural development (RD) was greatly influenced by the dominant paradigm of development. The retort against this paradigm gave birth to the participatory approach of communication wherein the common people in rural areas were considered as the ‘subjects’ of development in conjunction with their active involvement. It is the era when alternative communication medium like community radio (CR) was accepted as a tool of participatory RD in developing counters like India. Based on case studies of India’s pioneer CRs (Sangam Radio and Radio Bundelkhand), using media ethnography tools, a qualitative enquiry was carried out to explore its role in the process of RD by inclusion of voices of rural subalterns in their own development.
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Bilquees, Faiz. "Shirley A. White. Participatory Communication. New Delhi: Sage Publications. 1994.470 pp.Hardbound. Indian Rs 395.00." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 1 (March 1, 1995): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i1pp.86-87.
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This book is an extremely valuable addition to a very important topic concerning development issues at the grassroots level. It calls attention to the difficulties related to the participatory process in the absence of effective direct communication with the ultimate beneficiaries. It is divided in four parts. The first highlights the concept underlying the use of the word "participation", a buzz-word of recent times. The authors of the different articles in this part emphasise the need to change the current patterns of development which are completely non-participatory. They relate the failures of the participatory approach to misconceiving the notion as capable of a universal application in the developed and developing countries, without due regard to the absence of some very basic prerequisites in the latter countries. In other words, the assumptions underlying the theory of the participatory approach to development in the less developed countries are found lacking due to the very different and poor economic and socio-political infrastructures in these countries. Thus, the first four chapters suggest that unless the notion of participation is systematically extended to the national and international economic and political spheres, it would fail to be of much help beyond the rural development context.
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Opaluwah, Akor Omachile, and Akor Omachile Opaluwah. "Participatory Development: A Tool of Pedagogy." Exchanges: The Interdisciplinary Research Journal 4, no. 1 (October 31, 2016): 120–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/eirj.v4i1.151.
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Participatory development has been heralded as the tool that is capable of bringing development to the most marginalised people. Theorists including Robert Chambers, Mohan Giles, Kristian Stokke, Paulo Freire and Amartya Sen have argued extensively on the importance of including people in the decisions that affect their livelihood. This tool of participation has been employed as a means of accomplishing projects that appeal to a larger group of people. Though a debatable improvement from the top-down approach, this approach to communication has relegated the use of participation to being a means. Further benefits actually emanate from the use of the participatory approach to development. One of such is in its pedagogical capacity; especially in teaching people about institutional structures and civic engagement. To harness this capacity of participatory development, participation must be viewed as an end of its own. This article is an investigation into this pedagogical capacity of participatory development. It focuses on participation in non-physical activities such as participatory budgeting and participatory policy making. This is in order to understand its effect on the capacity of citizens to understand and engage with social structures which affect their livelihood. Understanding this capacity of participatory development to increase the level of civic engagement between citizens and their society, is needed for better development planning. Thus, the conclusion highlights the potential for participation to increase citizen engagement with the structures in society. Again, it is with such understanding, that participatory projects and processes can be designed to produce benefits that transcend the lifeline of the project.
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Ontkóc, Marián, and Veronika Kotradyová. "Participatory Design as a Tool for Sustainable Regional Development." Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2021-0010.
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Abstract Globalization changes our world too quick and regions cannot keep up. Copying mechanisms affect crafted products and architecture and create specific signs for each region. Understanding that, we can follow cultural concepts and transform them to fit the current era and sustain local identity within communities. Compared with evolution, community attachment as part of social sustainability has the same self-regulated mechanisms. The adaptation process can be achieved in different ways, but only few are truly sustainable. To restore the sense of community and reconnect local people to their village at a deeper level, the participatory approach was tested. The process and tools well known from urban areas were applied in certain Slovak villages. As compared to participation in cities, in the rural environment, the process is more time-consuming. In theory, this should bring a result that lasts longer than that achieved by standard processes. Methods proposed by us will have several outcomes like networking, open communication and, if successful, can be an inspiration for other villages and activists to adopt the approach. This time-demanding activity can help to support local people and show them how to coordinate themselves in the decision-making process. The bottom-up approach increases self-esteem and by place-making, small public intervention can help with communication with local municipalities. In this process, the designer acts as a facilitator of a multidisciplinary innovation project and must use own creativity to handle many challenges.
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Riley, Amy Henderson, Suruchi Sood, and Meagan Robichaud. "Participatory Methods for Entertainment–Education: Analysis of Best Practices." Journal of Creative Communications 12, no. 1 (March 2017): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973258616688970.
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Entertainment-education (EE) projects combine entertainment and education to increase knowledge, shift attitudes and promote social change using a range of communication platforms including theatre, radio, television, games, social media and others. Theoretical understanding regarding the underlying mechanisms of this creative communication approach developed alongside evidence and best practices for designing, implementing and evaluating interventions using techniques that reflect the current state of the field. Recent best practices often utilize participatory methods, a bottom-up approach wherein researchers work with stakeholders to identify culturally relevant indicators of change and gather information about the assets and needs of affected communities. Despite calls in the literature for reporting on participatory processes for health communication, a synthesis of such methods specific to EE has yet to emerge in the published literature. This comprehensive search reviews participatory best practices specifically used for the development and implementation of EE interventions with a wide range of behaviour and social change objectives. Findings suggest utilizing participatory research methods provide unique opportunities for inquiry aligned with current theory and evidence for both EE interventions and across other creative communication strategies. Implications include programmes produced by and with an audience as opposed to for an audience.
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Verdegem, Pieter, and Christian Fuchs. "Towards a Participatory, Co-operative and Sustainable Information Society?" Nordicom Review 34, no. 2 (November 1, 2013): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nor-2013-0050.
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Abstract Sweden - like the other Nordic countries - is recognized as a leading IT nation. For this reason it is important to evaluate the specificities of Swedish policy discourses on the information society. The development of the information society has been a key topic in policy debates since the mid-1990s. More recently, new concepts such as ‘sustainable’ or ‘green knowledge society’ have emerged. This puts forward new questions about which type of information society we aim to achieve. The present article contributes to the theoretical foundations of information society policies by introducing the notion of a participatory, co-operative, and sustainable information society (PCSIS). We apply this notion to Swedish policymaking by investigating ICT policy discourses. We also make a comparison with the recently launched Digital Agenda, the grand vision of the European Commission regarding the future of the information society. Our overall conclusion is that Swedish and European visions can be labeled as dualistic and reductionist approaches, respectively. This means that both approaches fail to come up with a more elaborated perspective on the information society that links the key aspects participation, co-operation and sustainability in a convincing way. A dialectical approach, i.e. an approach that considers sustainability in multidimensional and interdependent aspects, is currently lacking in both Swedish and European policymaking.
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Ripoll González, Laura, and Fred Gale. "Place Branding as Participatory Governance? An Interdisciplinary Case Study of Tasmania, Australia." SAGE Open 10, no. 2 (April 2020): 215824402092336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020923368.
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Research in both public administration and place development has identified a need to develop more participatory approaches to governing cities and regions. Scholars have identified place branding as one of several potential policy instruments to enable more participatory place development. Recently, academics working in diverse disciplines, including political studies, public administration, and regional development have suggested that an alternative, bottom-up, more participatory approach to place branding could be employed. Such an interdisciplinary approach would use iterative communication exchanges within a network of diverse stakeholders including residents to better foster stakeholder participation, contribute to sustainable development, and deliver substantive social justice and increased citizen satisfaction. Building on this research and using an exploratory, qualitative, case-study methodology, our aim was to observe and analyze such interactions and communicative exchanges in practice. Drawing on the experience of the Australian state of Tasmania, we studied stakeholder reactions to the participatory place branding approach. We found that although participants were initially skeptical and identified many barriers to implementing participatory place branding, they simultaneously became excited by its possibilities and able to identify how many of the barriers could be transcended.
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Hamidi, Foad, Melanie Baljko, Toni Kunic, and Ray Feraday. "TalkBox: a DIY communication board case study." Journal of Assistive Technologies 9, no. 4 (December 21, 2015): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jat-10-2014-0027.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present TalkBox, an affordable and open-source communication board for users with communication or speech disorders. Making and tinkering methods are combined with community engagement and participatory design to create a democratic and accessible approach to assistive technology design. Design/methodology/approach – The authors employed a community-engaged participatory design methodology where we incorporated input from stakeholders into the design of the interface. Close collaboration with our community partner allowed us to make informed decisions on different aspects of the design from sourcing of the material to testing the prototype. Findings – Through describing TalkBox, the paper presents a concrete example of how assistive technology can be designed and deployed more democratically, how collaborations between academia and community partners can be established, and how the design reflects different aspects of the methodology used. Originality/value – This paper explores the question of how can open-source technology and making methods contribute to the development of more affordable and inclusive designs through a concrete example.
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Hendrayani, Yani, and Nor Hazlina Hashim. "Participatory Communication in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Practices: Evaluation Process in Cross-Sector Partnership for Sustainable Development." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 5, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v5i3.276.
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Participatory communication in the effort to reach sustainable development goals can create a relationship among all the stakeholders to develop understanding in the context of language usage, channels, and space to ensure the successful implementation of group discussion between the government, companies, and society in CSR program. This study aims to analyze the participatory communication in the practice of CSR in the form of CSR forum case study. This study uses qualitative approach, which is an in-depth interview with the company and government and conducts focus group discussion by involving communities, program beneficiaries, which consists of the opinion leaders and nongovernmental organization (NGOs). From the result of the analysis in the communication component, there are nine significant basic components to evaluate the success of three sector partnership in achieving sustainable development. This study shows that the communication relationship in the practice of ideal CSR is in line with sustainable development goals.
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Mycoo, Michelle. "Communicating climate change in rural coastal communities." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 7, no. 1 (March 16, 2015): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-04-2013-0042.
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Purpose – This study aims to, using Grande Riviere, Trinidad, as a case study, determine levels of climate change knowledge and awareness in the community. Second, it seeks to provide new knowledge on appropriate techniques for developing climate change literacy. Third, it attempts to highlight action needed for messages to be widely communicated and policy implications for government agencies, non-governmental organisations, communication specialists and educators. Design/methodology/approach – A face-to-face questionnaire was administered to all households, focus group meetings were held and a training workshop was conducted. Findings – A key finding is that despite vulnerability to climate change, climate change literacy is low and is influenced by multiple variables such as household income, level of educational attainment, access to technology, governance structures and political commitment to communicating climate change. A major finding is that access to modern communication modes is limited and therefore verbal communication remains the most powerful means of transmitting messages on climate change. Moreover, opportunities exist for the use of participatory and indigenous communication techniques. Practical implications – A major policy conclusion is that a practical blend of traditional and modern technologies, which emphasises verbal communication and promotes innovative participatory communication technologies, including indigenous ones, would be effective in strengthening adaptive capacity. Originality/value – This paper is useful to policymakers, communication specialists, academia and civil society in understanding that there is no universally applicable technology for climate change communication; the type of technology adopted must be tailored to the economic, social and cultural peculiarities of a community.
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Occa, Aurora, and Sarah Julien-Bell. "Formative Research to Create Culturally Sensitive HPV Vaccine Messages for Middle-School Children." European Journal of Health Communication 1, no. 1 (July 15, 2021): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2021.104.
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HPVs (Human Papilloma Viruses) are the cause of several diseases and types of cancer, but infections can be prevented through a vaccine that children are recommended to receive when they are about 12 years of age. Communicating with children about HPV is an important albeit underdeveloped task. This is especially critical in countries such as Italy, were the HPV vaccination rate is dropping. To understand Italian middle-school children’s communication challenges, needs and preferences, and to provide evidence to inform the development of targeted and culturally-sensitive messages about HPV for them, this study adopted a multi-method participatory approach consisting of focus group discussions and participatory drawings. Results indicated that children (N = 54) wanted to be actively engaged in decisions about their health but faced several communication challenges, including adults’ language and attitude. Children struggled to retrieve reliable information on their own. They provided specific information on the sources and the strategies they would want adults to adopt. Results helped to identify positive and negative behaviours among these themes, as well as key resources to be leveraged in the development of HPV-related messages. The communication strategies identified in this study may help parents, healthcare providers, and caregivers to improve their communication with children.
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Sparud-Lundin, Carina, Ulrika Josefsson, Marie Berg, Anna-Lena Hellstrom, Ingalill Koinberg, Margaretha Jenholt Nolbris, Agneta Ranerup, and Ingela Skarsater. "Use of participatory design in the development of person-centred web-based support for persons with long-term illness." European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 1, no. 2 (November 18, 2013): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v1i2.672.
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Background: E-health solutions are increasingly being developed to meet patients’ preferences and promote their participation in healthcare. Few studies have explored the participatory design process from the perspective of person-centeredness, including how it becomes materialized in technology. This paper explores how applied participatory approaches and the design of 4 web-based interventions directed towards long-term illness correspond to key areas of person-centeredness. Methods: Data were collected during 2009 to 2012, from 4 Swedish research projects. The analysis followed an inductive approach involving a step-wise cross-case analysis. The purpose was to create shared knowledge and understanding of each separate case and to generate relevant categories.Results: A number of question areas describe the dialogue with the case participants. Results of the dialogue are categorized into 4 support areas: psychological/emotional, personal, information and technical. Person-centeredness becomes visible in the participatory design process as the approach promotes the development of a holistic view of the person and the illness and a partnership between patients and carers. The use of communication technology exemplifies concrete materialization of person-centeredness in the design of the web-based supports. The purpose of the web supports and the shaping of the actual use of the functionalities are more abstract forms of materialization.Conclusions: Our results contribute to a central development area within eHealth involving increased opportunities for patients to contribute actively in real time, obtaining access to information and sometimes interacting with carers. However, neither participatory approaches nor technology for online information and communication, can guarantee person-centeredness in isolation.
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Khan, Zaheer, David Ludlow, Wolfgang Loibl, and Kamran Soomro. "ICT enabled participatory urban planning and policy development." Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy 8, no. 2 (May 13, 2014): 205–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tg-09-2013-0030.
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Purpose – The aim of this paper is to present the effectiveness of participatory information and communication technology (ICT) tools for urban planning, in particular, supporting bottom-up decision-making in urban management and governance. Design/methodology/approach – This work begins with a presentation on the state of the art literature on the existing participatory approaches and their contribution to urban planning and the policymaking process. Furthermore, a case study, namely, the UrbanAPI project, is selected to identify new visualisation and simulation tools applied at different urban scales. These tools are applied in four different European cities – Vienna, Bologna, Vitoria-Gasteiz and Ruse – with the objective to identify the data needs for application development, commonalities in requirements of such participatory tools and their expected impact in policy and decision-making processes. Findings – The case study presents three planning applications: three-dimensional Virtual Reality at neighbourhood scale, Public Motion Explorer at city-wide scale and Urban Growth Simulation at city-region scale. UrbanAPI applications indicate both active and passive participation secured by applying these tools at different urban scales and hence facilitate evidence-based urban planning decision-making. Structured engagement with the city administrations indicates commonalities in user needs and application requirements creating the potential for the development of generic features in these ICT tools which can be applied to many other cities throughout Europe. Originality/value – This paper presents new ICT-enabled participatory urban planning tools at different urban scales to support collaborative decision-making and urban policy development. Various technologies are used for the development of these IT tools and applied to the real environment of four European cities.
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Naeemabadi, MReza, Jesper Hessellund Søndergaard, Anita Klastrup, Anne Philbert Schlünsen, Rikke Emilie Kildahl Lauritsen, John Hansen, Niels Kragh Madsen, et al. "Development of an individualized asynchronous sensor-based telerehabilitation program for patients undergoing total knee replacement: Participatory design." Health Informatics Journal 26, no. 4 (March 16, 2020): 2492–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458220909779.
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Telerehabilitation programs can be employed to establish communication between patients and healthcare professionals and empower patients performing their training remotely. This study aimed to identify patients’ requirements after a total knee replacement following a self-training rehabilitation program, leading to the design and development of a telerehabilitation program that can meet the stakeholders’ actual needs. System design, development, and testing were conducted in five iterations based on a participatory design approach. Data collection was performed using interviews, observations, prototyping, and questionnaires. It was found that the main barriers facing the existing rehabilitation program were a lack of clear communication, lack of relevant information, and healthcare professional’s feedback. The participants emphasized the main themes of communication, information, training, and motivation in the process of design and development. In using the telerehabilitation program, the patients reported a high level of user-friendliness, flexibility, and a sense of security. This study has identified obstacles in the current rehabilitation program and revealed the potential effectiveness of using asynchronous communication and sensor-based technologies by employing participatory design and development. A higher level of portability and flexibility were observed. However, future studies and development are required to investigate the overall usability and reliability of the telerehabilitation program.
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Buluamang, Yohanes Museng Ola, and Leope Pinnega Handika. "Strategi Komunikasi Pembangunan Dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata." Jurnal Penelitian Pers dan Komunikasi Pembangunan 22, no. 2 (October 17, 2018): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.46426/jp2kp.v22i2.84.
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ABSTRACT
In the development of tourism in NTT Province, NTT Provincial Tourism Office uses a development communication strategy approach. This study aims to explore the use of development communication strategies by the Department of Tourism in the development of tourism in the Province of NTT. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with case study approach. The results show that most of the programs and activities related to development communication are more using the active development communication strategy approach. This strategy approach is considered to make the community as a communicant solely in the continuity of the communication process. Therefore, alternative approaches to participatory development and convergence development strategies should be considered in the planning of development communication by the NTT Tourism Provincial Tourism Office.
Keywords: Development of Tourism and Development Communication Strategy
ABSTRAK
Dalam pengembangan pariwisata di Provinsi NTT, Dinas Pariwisata Provinsi NTT menggunakan pendekatan strategi komunikasi pembangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi penggunaan strategi komunikasi pembangunan oleh Dinas Pariwisata dalam pengembangan pariwisata di Provinsi NTT. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar program dan kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan komunikasi pembangunan lebih menggunakan pendekatan strategi komunikasi pembangunan aktif. Pendekatan strategi ini dinilai menjadikan masyarakat sebagai komunikan semata dalam keberlangsungan proses komunikasi. Oleh karena itu, alternatif pendekatan strategi komunikasi pembangunan partisipatif dan konvergensi sebaiknya dipertimbangkan dalam perencanaan komunikasi pembangunan oleh Dinas Pariwisata Provinsi NTT.
Kata Kunci: Pengembangan, Pariwisata, Strategi, Komunikasi, Pembangunan
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Watts, John Daniel, Vilaphong Kanyasone, and Vongvilay Vongkhamsao. "Pathways to Participatory Landscape Governance in Northern Laos." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 2, no. 3 (July 2010): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicthd.2010070102.
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The Landscape Mosaics Project is a global research project coordinated by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and funded by the Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation (SDC). The project examines biodiversity in tropical, forested, multifunctional landscapes in sites adjacent to protected areas. A key thematic component of its research examines the governance of landscapes, and by using a Participatory Action Research approach, the project aspires to facilitate better landscape governance through improved communication between village and landscape level actors. This article examines the initial experiences of the project in its Northern Lao site, located in Vieng Kham District, Luang Prabang Province. The authors describe how the lack of access to information communication technologies have inhibited local actors levels of participation in landscape level governance as well as affected their abilities to effectively and adaptively manage their landscape. Community radio, that provides local actors with the relevant information for more substantially participating in landscape governance as well as information useful for adaptive management, is proposed as one potential solution for improving participatory landscape governance.
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Estrada, Erendira, A. Susana Ramirez, Stephanie Gamboa, and Paula Amezola de herrera. "Development of a Participatory Health Communication Intervention: An Ecological Approach to Reducing Rural Information Inequality and Health Disparities." Journal of Health Communication 23, no. 8 (August 3, 2018): 773–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2018.1527874.
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Guillen-Royo, Mònica. "Applying the fundamental human needs approach to sustainable consumption corridors: participatory workshops involving information and communication technologies." Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy 16, no. 1 (September 11, 2020): 114–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2020.1787311.
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Paletto, Alessandro, Marco Focacci, and Isabella De Meo. "Short communication: Farmers’ opinions on chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) supply chain development strategies: A case study in Central Italy." Forest Systems 27, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): eSC02. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2018272-13081.
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Aim of the study: To identify the priority strategy for the strengthening of the chestnut supply chain through a participatory approach.Area of study: Mugello-Val di Sieve inTuscany region (Italy).Material and methods: The data were collected by administering a questionnaire to a sample of 126 chestnut growers (83 chestnut growers enrolled and 43 not enrolled in the Consortium of “Marronedel Mugello Protected Geographical Indication”) to identify the priority objectives and activities to develop the chestnut supply chain.Main results: It is necessary to develop a diversified strategy to stimulate the chestnut production and simultaneously enhance the marketing of the product in order to revive the chestnut cultivation inTuscany region. The main activities to be pursued are the implementation of silvicultural treatments of chestnut orchards and the integrated fight against chestnut gall wasp to increase the productivity and strengthen the “Marronedel Mugello Protected Geographical Indication” brand.Research highlights: Participatory approach is a fundamental instrument to define a common strategy to strengthen chestnut supply chain at local level.
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Birch, David. "Communication Policy in Asia: Limited Democracy and the Public Sphere." Media International Australia 86, no. 1 (February 1998): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9808600110.
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Communication policy in Asia has been, and is likely to remain, a highly exclusive, non-participatory, localised means of expressing and maintaining power and control. If it defines democracy, it defines a very different and limited one compared to the ideal envisioned, for example, by Habermas. This paper explores some of the issues involved, particularly with respect to communication policy studies in Asia, and argues for an approach to the development of communication studies and theory which is prepared to engage with the political and economic rather than just with the technical and social as is still the case with so many ‘mass communication’ approaches.
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Brito, Fabiana A., Jamie M. Zoellner, Jennie Hill, Wen You, Ramine Alexander, Xiaolu Hou, and Paul A. Estabrooks. "From Bright Bodies to iChoose: Using a CBPR Approach to Develop Childhood Obesity Intervention Materials for Rural Virginia." SAGE Open 9, no. 1 (January 2019): 215824401983731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019837313.
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This community-based participatory research (CBPR) project used a collaborative process to develop a culturally relevant workbook for parents of overweight children. We followed a mixed methods iterative process to assess clear communication using a CBPR approach. Materials were evaluated using readability tests, the Clear Communication Index (CCI), and the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM). In addition, we used surveys and focus groups to investigate parents’ perceptions and gather feedback from delivery staff using the workbook. While workbook materials maintained adequate grade reading levels, our iterative process and the use of CCI and SAM led to significant improvements in (a) clearly communicating the objectives of the program, (b) being culturally relevant, and (c) reaching a high satisfaction among users. These findings suggest that evaluative measures for written materials should move beyond readability and need to account for level of clarity and cultural appropriateness of messages. Furthermore, we found that that an iterative process to intervention’s material development using clear communication strategies while involving community members, parents, and research partners can lead to workbook materials that are culturally relevant to the target audience, and better communicate program objectives. Finally, this is a potentially generalizable process for improving clear communication of written health information materials.
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Gupta, Deepak, Narain Jai P, and S. J. Yadav. "Strategic Communication in Health and Development: Concepts, Applications and Programming." Journal of Health Management 23, no. 1 (March 2021): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972063421994943.
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Significance of communication in health and development is well recognised. Strategic communication informs, educates and influences. In addressing varied health and development issues, including the challenges involving diseases control, more targeted communication strategies are designed to make optimum use of available resources to achieve the planned results in a given context. Based on research, that is, the community-based study of risk factors and the operational research, communication theories evolved and so did the strategies and practices for result-driven health and development communication. In this article, some approaches have been examined to better understand the role of strategic communication in development and health, including disease control. Information dissemination through ‘extension approach’, first for agriculture development and later for family planning, adapted and boosted through advertising and marketing frameworks led to wide awareness about the methods and techniques of family planning but not the adoption at the same levels. Experience and research studies demonstrated that mere ‘awareness’ was not adequate for fostering adoption of ‘new’ practices; instead, it required sustained investments in communication for social and behavioural change processes. For this, bottom-up communication design, participatory communication with community involvement, evidence-based advocacy and preparedness for risk communication are required for effective communication and health and development. As HIV/AIDS posed an initial challenge for communication scholars earlier in the 1980s, so is the COVID-19 pandemic throwing a major communication challenge today. The article attempts to analyse the approaches and shed light on the role of communication in health and development, especially in the context of health crisis.
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Soomro, Ghulam Yasin. "Poonam Smith-Sreen. Accountability in Development Organisations: Experiences of Women s Organisations in India. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1995.297 pp.Hardcover. Indian Rs 295.00." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 2 (June 1, 1995): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i2pp.171-175.
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There has been a transition in NGO actIVItIes over time, from the basic welfare orientation to various fields of development. This has been mainly due to the failure of the previous development strategies that emphasised on rates of economic growth, on the assumption that the top-down approach would initiate the process of trickle-down benefits to the poor. The assumed linkages were conceived without a knowledge of the working of the inter-linkages of cultural, social, political, and economic structural processes which led to the failure of such strategies. There appeared to be a need to evolve a workable methodology of development which could replace the top-down strategy. As a consequence of this search, a strategy of grassroots mobilisation of the recipient population was formulated so that they could take part in the process of development in terms of problem identification, project implementation, and its monitoring and evaluation. This strategy is popularly known as community participation. There are two important elements in this participatory approach: a two-way active communication between the community and the NGO to build trust and understanding, and the empowerment of the community towards decision-making for their own needs. This participatory approach is still viable and is a source of social change and development in many countries. The author of this book promises an advancement in this type of development strategy and suggests an alternative model and its method of accountability.
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Trettin, Bettina, Dorthe Boe Danbjørg, Flemming Andersen, Steven Feldman, and Hanne Agerskov. "Development of an mHealth App for Patients With Psoriasis Undergoing Biological Treatment: Participatory Design Study." JMIR Dermatology 4, no. 1 (May 10, 2021): e26673. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26673.
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Background In Denmark, patients with psoriasis undergoing biological treatment have regular follow-ups, typically every 3 months. This may pose a challenge for patients who live far away from the hospital. Mobile health (mHealth) is a promising and reliable tool for the long-term management of patients with psoriasis undergoing biological treatment because the disease course can be properly monitored. Despite recent developments in mHealth, the full potential of teledermatology remains to be tapped by newer, more attractive forms of services focused on patients’ needs. Objective This study aims to design and develop an mHealth app to support the self-management of patients with psoriasis using a participatory design. Methods Using participatory design, we conducted 1 future workshop, 4 mock-up workshops, and 1 prototype test with patients and health care professionals to co-design a prototype. The process was iterative to ensure that all stakeholders would provide input into the design and outcome; this approach enabled continuous revision of the prototype until an acceptable solution was agreed upon. Data were analyzed according to the steps—plan, act, observe, and reflect—in the methodology of participatory design. Results Health care professionals and patients emphasized the importance of a more patient-centered approach, focusing on the communication and maintenance of relationships. Patients perceived consultations to be impersonal and repetitive and wanted the opportunity to contribute to the agenda while attending a consultation. Patients also stated they would prefer not to attend visits in person every 3 months. On the basis of these findings, we designed an mHealth app that could replace in-person visits and support patients at in-person visits. Video consultations, self-monitoring, and registration of patient-reported outcome data were embedded in the app. Conclusions Using participatory design facilitated mutual learning and democratic processes that gave end users a significant influence over the solution. Despite the advantages of using participatory design in developing mHealth solutions, organizational conditions may still represent a barrier to the optimization of solutions.
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Richterová, Bohdana, and Hana Kubíčková. "Collaboration Development of Teachers and Teaching Assistants – Action Research." Lifelong Learning 10, no. 1 (2020): 25–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/lifele20201001025.
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The paper reflects one of the topics of the participatory action research cycles, which was run within one-year cooperation of twelve educators of the elementary schools in Ostrava and two academic workers of Ostrava University. The topic of defining the competencies of teaching assistants in cooperation with teachers gradually narrowed to communication strategies in the context of building personal boundaries. The paper presents a methodological approach based on practical (interpretative) approach. The key method of the data collection was working in a focus group, whose meetings were video recorded, enriched with observations in lessons and writing action research journals. Data analysis was carried out using open coding. The primary limits and possibilities of mutual interaction and cooperation in the educational environment were identified through this analysis. The paper presents one selected case from educational practice in detail and describes work in single action research phases and cycles. The main benefits for the participants are creating a safe environment for sharing problem situations from the practice, source identification and coping strategies in the communication field as well as the development of self-reflection and healthy assertion.
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Zurek, Monika, Aniek Hebinck, Adrian Leip, Joost Vervoort, Marijke Kuiper, Maria Garrone, Petr Havlík, et al. "Assessing Sustainable Food and Nutrition Security of the EU Food System—An Integrated Approach." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 19, 2018): 4271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114271.
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Steering the EU food system towards a sustainability transformation requires a vast and actionable knowledge base available to a range of public and private actors. Few have captured this complexity by assessing food systems from a multi-dimensional and multi-level perspective, which would include (1) nutrition and diet, environmental and economic outcomes together with social equity dimensions and (2) system interactions across country, EU and global scales. This paper addresses this gap in food systems research and science communication by providing an integrated analytical approach and new ways to communicate this complexity outside science. Based on a transdisciplinary science approach with continuous stakeholder input, the EU Horizon2020 project ‘Metrics, Models and Foresight for European SUStainable Food And Nutrition Security’ (SUSFANS) developed a five-step process: Creating a participatory space; designing a conceptual framework of the EU food system; developing food system performance metrics; designing a modelling toolbox and developing a visualization tool. The Sustainable Food and Nutrition-Visualizer, designed to communicate complex policy change-impacts and trade-off questions, enables an informed debate about trade-offs associated with options for change among food system actors as well as in the policy making arena. The discussion highlights points for further research related to indicator development, reach of assessment models, participatory processes and obstacles in science communication.
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Siedlikowski, Maia, Frank Rauch, and Argerie Tsimicalis. "Giving Children With Osteogenesis Imperfecta a Voice: Participatory Approach for the Development of the Interactive Assessment and Communication Tool Sisom OI." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): e17947. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17947.
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Background Children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) experience acute and chronic symptoms that expose them to physical, mental, and social challenges. Empowering these children by involving them in their care can help them to cope with OI. Sisom is an interactive assessment and communication tool designed to help children aged 6-12 years with chronic illnesses express their symptoms. This tool has not yet been adapted to the unique needs of OI. Objective The aim of this study was to develop a Sisom OI paper prototype by seeking the perspectives of end users. Methods A participatory approach was adopted to develop the prototype overseen by an expert panel of 9 clinicians at a university-affiliated pediatric hospital. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 12 children with OI who were aged 6-12 years. The study was carried out over the course of 3 feedback cycles. Data were deductively interpreted using content analysis techniques. Results Overall, 64% (57/89) of the Sisom symptoms were deemed relevant for inclusion in Sisom OI, with 42% (37/89) directly incorporated and 22% (20/89) incorporated with changes. In total, 114 symptoms were used to create the prototype, of which 57 were newly generated. The relevant symptoms addressed children’s thoughts and feelings about hospitalization and their wishes for participation in their own care. The new symptoms addressed fractures, body image, and social isolation related to difficulties with accessibility and intimidation. Conclusions Once developed, Sisom OI will offer clinicians an innovative and child-centered approach to capture children’s perspectives on their condition.
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Pagliarino, Elena, and Secondo Rolfo. "Examining Researchers’ Attitudes, Barriers, and Opportunities for Participatory Research: The Case of the Riso-Biosystems Project on Organic Rice." Agriculture 11, no. 5 (April 21, 2021): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050376.
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This paper reports on the conception and implementation of a participatory approach within an agricultural research project aimed at fostering the transition towards organic in the Italian rice district. We investigate the relationships among scientists and stakeholders, exploring researchers’ attitudes, barriers, and potential in relation to participatory research. We use participant observation, in-depth interviews, and systematic cataloguing of communication documents, from the beginning to two years into project implementation, for a total period of three years. The results of the analysis show that, despite a high level of authoritative commitment to participation, scientists reveal a scarcity of knowledge and skills, and poor attitudes that come from a negative perception of participatory research. They engage in various forms of collaboration with stakeholders, as long as decision-making remains essentially in their hands. With the deep analysis of a case study, the paper contributes to the ongoing discussion on the quality of participatory agricultural research, in particular, presenting evidence on the key role of researchers and their attitudes. The paper also contributes to the development of a culture of learning by doing, through honest monitoring and evaluation, and the capacity to learn from failure.
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Rączaszek-Leonardi, Joanna, Nicole Rossmanith, Iris Nomikou, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. "Levels of Coordination in Early Semantic Development." Psychology of Language and Communication 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 212–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/plc-2019-0010.
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Abstract In this paper, we show that early interaction can be seen as comprising of strands of coordinated activity on multiple levels and timescales. In tracing the development of such multilayered organization from an embodied and situated perspective, we underscore the role of the reliable presence of the structured environment, an enacted niche, supporting the segregation and integration of participatory interaction strands. This perspective allows us to study the development of social coordination not only in terms of development of individual skills but, crucially, as a change of participatory emergent patterns, a transformation in engagement. We illustrate this approach with some results from the collaborative research project on Early Semantic Development (EASE). Using qualitative microanalysis combined with quantitative dynamical time series analyses, we were able to demonstrate several layers of such organization: from local forms of coordination, such as basic informational coupling within a modality, and the emergence of specific social affordances, to more global co-action structures such as affect imbued ‘action arcs’ – dynamic action contours with a beginning, build-up, climax and resolution, co-enacted by participants. Pointing to future work, we underscore the potential of these global structures to contribute to the emergence of more complex interactions, such as composite activities within ‘pragmatic frames’, narratives, or language.
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Jones, Shelley. "Drawing Gender Equality: A Participatory Action Research Project with Educators in Northern Uganda." Engaged Scholar Journal: Community-Engaged Research, Teaching, and Learning 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15402/esj.v5i2.68340.
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This paper reports upon an arts-based participatory action research project conducted with a cohort of 30 teachers in rural Northwest Uganda during a one-week professional development course. Multimodality (Kress & Jewitt, 2003; Kress & van Leeuwen, 2001) was employed as a “domain of inquiry” (Kress, 2011) for social semiotics (meaning-making within a social context) within which the participants both represented gender inequality as well as imagined gender equality. Multimodality recognizes the vast communicative potential of the human body and values multiple materials resources (such as images, sounds, and gestures) as “organized sets of semiotic resources for meaningmaking” (Jewitt, 2008, p. 246). Providing individuals with communicative modes other than just spoken and written language offers opportunities to include voices that are often not heard in formal contexts dominated by particular kinds of language, as well as opportunities to consider topics of inquiry from different perspectives and imagine alternative futures (Kendrick & Jones, 2008). Findings from this study show how a multimodal approach to communication, using drawing in addition to spoken and written language, established a democratic space of communication. The sharing and building of knowledge between the participants (educators in local contexts) and facilitator (university instructor/researcher) reflected a foundational tenet of engaged scholarship which requires “…not only communication to public audiences, but also collaboration with communities in the production of knowledge” (Barker, 2004, p. 126).
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Kačinová, Viera, and María Rosario María Rosario. "Conceptualization of media competence as an "augmented competence"." Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, no. 80 (July 30, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2022-1514.
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Introduction: The ever-progressing transformation of the media as a result of digitization trends, the new characteristics of the communication environment and the associated communication practices and forms of user behaviour result in new educational needs and demands. Their reassessment in the context of current scientific discourses takes the form of revision and redefinition of the concept of media competence. Methodology: through a reflexive analysis of the concepts and models, we present the conceptualization of media competence as an extended competence to the area of personal, social, cultural and civic competencies. Results: The result of the work is a reassessment of conceptual positions in the projection of features of media competence in the context of the significant phenomena of the converged digital environment: participatory paradigm, hyperconnectivity, proliferation of disinformation. This approach requires the extension of skills and abilities in accessing, evaluating, analyzing, creating and communicating news and media; skills combining the previous forms of literacy and skills of digital environment (Livingstone, 2004; Pérez Tornero, Celot, Varis, 2007; Hobbs, 2008). Discussion: Our approach is associated with broader educational demands and needs aimed at the development of the individual´s personality in a more holistic way, connected with the more complex needs of a society where media presence is higher. Conclusions: The changes in the subject of ´Learning about the media´ are resassed at the end of the paper.
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Vlachokostas, Christos. "Closing the Loop Between Energy Production and Waste Management: A Conceptual Approach Towards Sustainable Development." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 25, 2020): 5995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12155995.
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Interactions between technological solutions for managing waste and energy supply chains are multilateral and can vary significantly, depending on multiple criteria and different characteristics. This concept paper puts forward a conceptual framework for sustainable development based on the notion of “intelligence” for Waste-to-Energy (WtE) strategies. The pillars of intelligence are defined and the quadruple helix model for energy transitions based on waste management is established. The “smart” nodes of a WtE supply chain management are analytically presented and discussed. Nevertheless, the intelligent notion for a supply chain cannot stand on its own. Systematical support of a participatory process is needed via Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools and e-techniques to be promoted for collective facilitation and sustainable management. This process encompasses intelligent residents and professionals as producers of waste and smart managers to supervise the supply chain towards sustainable management of energy and waste resources. It is argued that the ICT participatory interface has a multiplying effect, especially when adopting the middle pathway approach in local and/or decentralized level towards smart energy production from waste. Innovative solutions to maximize waste efficiency through the collaborative power of ICT networks is critical to be deployed within local communities. These can be based on internet of things, big data, operational modeling, complex systems science, games and narratives, and social networks. The conceptual framework presented herein provides a basis for decision support towards sustainable development and interaction through a creative pathway of collaboration applicable to all the levels of potential synergies. Main conclusions and future challenges indicate that more research effort is required by the scientific community to leverage on the collaborative power of social networks and to efficiently apply ICT methods for adopting the “socially-oriented” middle pathway approach within communities’ empowerment. Only on this basis may the tale of two challenges have a happy end, both for energy transition and waste management.
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Sulaiman, Adhi Iman, and Dadi Ahmadi. "Empowerment Communication in an Islamic Boarding School as a Medium of Harmonization." Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication 36, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 323–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2020-3604-20.
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The study aims to analyze empowerment communication in a cooperative of an Islamic boarding school as a medium of harmonization. The study used a qualitative research method for Participatory Learning and Action (PLA). Data were collected through interviews, documentation, observation, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Informants were selected purposively and snowball sampling, namely the organization committee and students at the Islamic Boarding School, the management of cooperatives, business groups in the community, and village government, as well as practitioners, and activists of community empowerment. The study location was determined in community and Al Muaddib Islamic boarding school at Cilacap district, Central Java Province of Indonesia. The study used data analysis of community development, namely identifying, categorizing problems, specific objectives, analyzing problems and preparing action plans, evaluating the entire process, and action plans. The results of research i.e. (1) The empowerment communication should be developed to perform a comprehensive economic empowerment program ranging from the identification of the problem, the potential of human resources, natural resources and the economy of rural communities up to the analytical solution of cooperative programs, assistance and partnerships to realize harmonization. (2) Empowerment communication should be carried out sustainably and comprehensively with a humanistic, dialogical, egalitarian and participatory approach starting from counselling to provide motivation, inspiration, knowledge, and then improving skills with training, monitoring, evaluation and partnership. (3) The study implication is that empowerment communication programs could be a medium for harmonization, eliminating traumatic and negative stigma against society and Islamic boarding school which are considered radical. Keywords: Boarding school, cooperative, empowerment communication, harmonization, negative stigma.
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Akbar, Aulia, Johannes Flacke, Javier Martinez, Rosa Aguilar, and Martin F. A. M. van Maarseveen. "Knowing My Village from the Sky: A Collaborative Spatial Learning Framework to Integrate Spatial Knowledge of Stakeholders in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 9 (August 26, 2020): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9090515.
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Geospatial data is urgently needed in decision-making processes to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at global, national, regional and local scales. While the advancement of geo-technologies to obtain or produce geospatial data has become faster and more affordable, many countries in the global south still experience a geospatial data scarcity at the rural level due to complex geographical terrains, weak coordination among institutions and a lack of knowledge and technologies to produce visualised geospatial data like maps. We proposed a collaborative spatial learning framework that integrates the spatial knowledge of stakeholders to obtain geospatial data. By conducting participatory mapping workshops in three villages in the Deli Serdang district in Indonesia, we tested the framework in terms of facilitating communication and collaboration of the village stakeholders while also supporting knowledge co-production and social learning among them. Satellite images were used in digital and non-digital mapping workshops to support village stakeholders to produce proper village maps while fulfilling the SDGs’ emphasis to make geospatial data available through a participatory approach.
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Viktorova, Lesia V., Artur B. Kocharian, and Olena O. Korotun. "INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION FOR THE "THIRD AGE" LEARNERS." Information Technologies and Learning Tools 63, no. 1 (February 27, 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v63i1.1940.
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Some theoretical and methodological aspects of the use of modern information and communication technologies (ICT) in foreign language education for the "third age" learners are analyzed. The global trend of life-long learning and the development of universities of the "third age" are discussed. Contradictions related to scientific and methodological support of modern ICT in foreign language education for the “third age" learners are outlined. Brief analysis of recent research and publications on the above mentioned issues is offered. Theoretical framework and methods of the research, with a participatory approach as a basis, are described. Content of the foreign language education for the "third age" learners within the conducted research is specified. Results of the research are summarized, methodological recommendations are given and the prospects for further research are outlined.
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Toroyan, Tamitza, and Priscilla S. Reddy. "Participation of South African Youth in the Design and Development of AIDS Photocomics." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 17, no. 2 (July 1997): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/l78m-qx0v-t922-j150.
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In response to an increasing incidence in HIV prevalence among South Africa's youth, a group of interdisciplinary professionals have developed a series of photocomics to address issues around HIV/AIDS communication and sexually transmitted diseases. This article examines the theory behind the use of photocomics in health, and the way the stories work to influence behavior. Results from evaluation of the comics support their use as tools with which to increase information and knowledge while role modeling desirable behavior. Lastly, the article describes the participatory process by which youth were involved in the process of developing and producing the comics. This method of developing culturally relevant and appealing health media is recommended for use in future health promotion strategies that seek to transcend a narrower approach of provision of health information and work to address the social factors that influence youth's decision making.
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Toroyan, Tamitza, and Priscilla S. Reddy. "Participation of South African Youth in the Design and Development of AIDS Photocomics." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 25, no. 1 (April 2005): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/fg42-pq5g-5352-2238.
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In response to an increasing incidence in HIV prevalence among South Africa's youth, a group of interdisciplinary professionals have developed a series of photocomics to address issues around HIV/AIDS communication and sexually transmitted diseases. This article examines the theory behind the use of photocomics in health, and the way the stories work to influence behavior. Results from evaluation of the comics support their use as tools with which to increase information and knowledge while role modeling desirable behavior. Lastly, the article describes the participatory process by which youth were involved in the process of developing and producing the comics. This method of developing culturally relevant and appealing health media is recommended for use in future health promotion strategies that seek to transcend a narrower approach of provision of health information and work to address the social factors that influence youth's decision making.
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Peters, Susan E., Hao D. Trieu, Justin Manjourides, Jeffrey N. Katz, and Jack T. Dennerlein. "Designing a Participatory Total Worker Health® Organizational Intervention for Commercial Construction Subcontractors to Improve Worker Safety, Health, and Well-Being: The “ARM for Subs” Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (July 15, 2020): 5093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17145093.
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Background: Evidence supports organizational interventions as being effective for improving worker safety, health and well-being; however, there is a paucity of evidence-based interventions for subcontracting companies in commercial construction. Methods: A theory-driven approach supplemented by formative research through key stakeholder interviews and focus groups and an iterative vetting process with stakeholders, resulted in the development of an intervention for subcontractors in the commercial construction industry. We piloted the intervention in one subcontracting commercial construction company. We used these findings to adapt and finalize the intervention design to be tested in a future large-scale trial. Results: There were several key findings from the formative research, including challenges faced by companies and assets that should be considered in the intervention design. This resulted in a communication infrastructure company-based, continual improvement, participatory intervention design, consisting of a needs assessment and report, committee-led prioritization, action planning and implementation, and worker communication/feedback cycle. The pilot contributed to the final intervention design with modifications made with respect to timing, implementation support, capacity building, adaptability and sustainability. Conclusions: The use of a theory-driven participatory approach to developing an integrated organizational intervention for commercial construction subcontracting companies was important and necessary. It allowed us to consider the empirical evidence and relevant theories and tailor these to meet the needs of our target population. This study gives pragmatic insight into the early development of a complex intervention, with practical experience of how we adapted our intervention at each stage. This intervention will be tested in a future randomized trial.
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Burden, Rebecca S., Laura N. Galloway, Ann M. Rothpletz, Keira A. Glasheen, and Jill E. Preminger. "The Development of an Internet-Based Decision Coaching Guide to Encourage Audiology Care: The Results of a Participatory Design Approach." American Journal of Audiology 29, no. 3S (September 18, 2020): 546–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_aja-19-00066.
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Purpose The purpose of the research described here is to create a theoretically based, interactive online program to motivate adults with untreated hearing loss to seek audiology care. We describe the results of the participatory design (PD) approach used to increase uptake and adherence to the Internet-based program. Method Using information gathered from field experts ( n = 7), a program outline was generated by the study team. In keeping with PD principles, multiple focus groups and panels consisting of persons with hearing loss ( n = 26), frequent communication partners ( n = 6), audiologists ( n = 9), and other area experts ( n = 16) revised and expanded both content and design of the program in an iterative fashion. Results The proposed program was modified multiple times based on the input of stakeholders throughout the PD process. In particular, the scope of the program shifted from focusing on self-management strategies to decision coaching regarding the choice to visit an audiologist. Other specific program content and activities were modified based on stakeholder input. Conclusions The program evolved dramatically through the influence and input of multiple stakeholders as a result of the implementation of PD principles.
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Paracha, Samiullah, Lynne Hall, Kathy Clawson, Nicole Mitsche, and Fatima Jamil. "Co-design with Children: Using Participatory Design for Design Thinking and Social and Emotional Learning." Open Education Studies 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/edu-2019-0021.
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AbstractThis paper discusses leveraging design thinking techniques for involving children in serious game design in Japanese elementary schools. Our action research project approach accomplished two different goals: (1) to inculcate design thinking in pupils, and (2) to sensitize children on bullying victimization. Our approach uses a range of participatory design methods to distil design ideas from children and to support their design thinking aiming to boost children’s creative confidence and develop social and emotional skills. Key findings from our project are: (1) children made valuable design contributions including realistic bullying scenarios, language content, user interface design, storyline progression, character profiles, coping strategies etc., and (2) participatory design and design thinking stimulated ethical reasoning, reflection and empathy in children on bullying victimization. Our approach is unique in the current design thinking landscape, because it moves from designing “thing” (object) to designing “think” (bullying sensitization). Future research should focus on highlighting ways how participatory design and design thinking enrich and complement each other. The significance of our paper stems from the simple standpoint that those participating in a design should gain from participating in the design process. Takeaways for practitioners are: (1) building relationships with stakeholders, especially children, (2) empathy and user research techniques, (2) translating field data into usable insights, (3) idea-generation and rapid concept development, (4) product co-prototyping, (5) user engagement and co-creation, (6) multiple perspectives on effective communication.
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Korjus, Henn, Priit Põllumäe, Andres Kiviste, Ahto Kangur, Diana Laarmann, Risto Sirgmets, and Mait Lang. "Online streaming public participation in forest management planning." Forestry Studies 66, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fsmu-2017-0001.
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AbstractA new paradigm in forest management using a streaming input of public participation needs effective online solutions. The process should be real-time, secure, effective and efficient. People are expected to share their data and thoughts on forest management with forest owners for improving forest management and planning. The participatory approach supports communication within society and can be designed as an interactive web-based solution. Many pre-requisites have already been met and society is ready for a successful start of an interactive participatory forest planning system in Estonia. People use digital identification for various purposes and the state already maintains an online public forest register. Motivating people to participate in the planning process is always challenging yet important for the successful implementation of the system. The system should allow simulating the development and management of forest stands following the participatory input and using ecosystem models and economic calculations. The outputs from the system include management alternatives, risk assessments and financial reports. The system requires a reliable financial compensation scheme to ensure overall long-term stability of the system and agreements between interested persons or groups and forest owners.
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Melles, Gavin. "Sustainable Community Development or Voluntourism: Sustainable Housing in Rural Maharashtra." Social Sciences 7, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci7120247.
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Volunteer tourism (‘voluntourism’) packages development and poverty as culturally exotic and ethical experiences for tourists from industrialized countries. Among the various sectors promoting voluntourism, university sector short term study abroad tours network voluntourism agencies, local actors (e.g., NGOs), universities, and government funding to offer students ‘life changing’ community sustainable development experiences. Alongside the purported benefits for all stakeholders, recent criticism points to the commodification of development and poverty through such tours and multiple pernicious effects of such travel, especially the failure to deliver community impact. Given the significant financial, political, and other interests involved, monitoring and evaluating such initiatives against transparent independent sustainability principles has proved complicated. Case studies employing ethical covert research, fieldwork, and secondary data analysis offer one approach. This case study of a purported sustainable housing project in rural Maharashtra, involving a bilateral university-government-local NGO voluntourism ecosystem lead by an Australian Green NGO (AGC) analyses the multiple gaps between participatory community sustainable development and voluntourism. This case study employs content analysis of project reports, visual data from a field visit, recent village documentary analysis, anonymized email communication, and secondary analysis of contextual data to evaluate the claims of participatory sustainable development and project outcomes of a bilateral NGO voluntourism housing project. The study findings signal lack of financial transparency, incompetent assessment of material needs, limited local participation and control, and failure to deliver on objectives. The conclusion recommends that socially responsible short-term international exchanges should be carefully monitored and exchanges should prefer knowledge exchange.
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Schensul, Jean, and Marlene Berg. "Introduction: Research with Youth." Practicing Anthropology 26, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.26.2.043g7784p4k67121.
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In this special issue of Practicing Anthropology, we promote the idea that participatory action research, rooted in the applied social sciences, is a unique and important approach to transforming urban young people, their peer groups, and their communities. Youth PAR is a community approach to youth development, and activism that integrates research methods with critical thinking, communication skills and analysis of personal, community and structural disparities. With the help of numerous young people from Connecticut and around the country, and like-minded (as well as critical) local partners, we have experimented with the theory, conduct and evaluation of Youth-PAR for the past fifteen years. During that time, we have discovered colleagues around the globe who have also found this approach central to their work with young people.
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Pelegrini Morita, Plinio, and Catherine Marie Burns. "Trust tokens in team development." Team Performance Management 20, no. 1/2 (March 4, 2014): 39–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tpm-03-2013-0006.
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Purpose – Computer-mediated communication systems (CMCSs) have become the standard for supporting virtual teamwork. However, interpersonal trust formation though CMCSs is impaired due to limited media richness of the communication channels. The aim of this paper is to identify trust forming cues that occur naturally in face-to-face environments and are suitable to include in CMCSs design, to facilitate greater trust in virtual teams. Design/methodology/approach – To select cues that had a strong effect on fostering trust behaviour, a non-participatory ethnographic study was conducted. Two student teams at the University of Waterloo were observed for 6-12 months. Researchers identified mechanisms used for building trust and bridging team developmental barriers. Findings – The paper identifies five trust tokens that were effective in developing trust and bridging team developmental barriers: expertise, recommendations, social capital, willingness to help/benevolence, and validation of information. These behavioural cues, or behavioural trust tokens, which are present in face-to-face collaborations, carry important trust supporting information that leads to increased trust, improved collaboration, and knowledge integration. These tokens have the potential to improve CMCSs by supplementing the cues necessary for trust formation in virtual environments. Practical implications – This study identifies important mechanisms used for fostering trust behaviour in face-to-face collaborations that have the potential to be included in the design of CMCSs (via interface design objects) and have implications for interface designers, team managers, and researchers in the field of teamwork. Originality/value – This work presents the first ethnographic study of trust between team members for the purpose of providing improved computer support for virtual collaboration via redesigned interface components.
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Rogers, Alison, Doyen Radcliffe, Sharon Babyack, and Tom Layton. "Demonstrating the value of community development: An inclusive evaluation capacity building approach in a non-profit Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander organisation." Evaluation Journal of Australasia 18, no. 4 (November 28, 2018): 234–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x18803718.
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Inclusive, culturally safe, appropriate and relevant ways of evaluating that contribute to better outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders that can be communicated to a wide audience are urgently needed. An Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander non-profit community development organisation, Indigenous Community Volunteers (ICV), has transformed towards this goal by intentionally building evaluation capacity over the past 4 years. ICV now incorporates participatory monitoring and evaluation approaches into the community development practices of the organisation to improve measurement and capture outcomes with communities. The principles of inclusion, flexibility, empowerment, ownership and effective communication were essential to the transformation. This article shares how ICV developed evaluation capacity in an inclusive and culturally appropriate way and the results of an independent assessment of the value of the process. ICV’s journey of change and the methodology used to make the assessment may be useful for other organisations or individuals working with community development organisations.
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Velazco, Derling José Mendoza, Magda Francisca Cejas Martínez, Mercedes Navarro Cejas, María Hipatia Delgado Demera, and Silvia Marieta Aldaz Hernández. "The Development of Digital Competences for University Tourism Teachers." International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 20, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 403–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.20.6.21.
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The aim of the research was to determine the virtual competences of Ecuadorian tourism teachers during the A-2021 cycle. A mixed research approach was used. A quantitative analysis was applied first, followed by a qualitative analysis. The sample selection was participatory and non-probabilistic. The sample consisted of 1003 active university teachers in Ecuador. A questionnaire comprising 106 questions divided into four variables was designed. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and the Kruskal-Wallis test were carried out. The findings indicate the applicability of virtual competences by university teachers. These competences are of a medium level and do not comply with the comprehensive competences of student care. The technological training level of university teaching staff is low. Regarding the use and knowledge of technology, respondents indicated a high level of understanding. Attitudes towards and methodology use in information and communication technologies showed weaknesses in usage and accessibility. In conclusion, a matrix of virtual competences for university tourism teachers is presented. The application of this methodology considers the competences in a comprehensive and problem-oriented manner.
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Brosnan, Mark, Sarah Parsons, Judith Good, and Nicola Yuill. "How can participatory design inform the design and development of innovative technologies for autistic communities?" Journal of Assistive Technologies 10, no. 2 (June 20, 2016): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jat-12-2015-0033.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reflect upon on the opportunities and challenges of engaging with a wide variety of stakeholders during the design, development and evaluation of innovative technologies for people with autism. Autism is defined in part by difficulties in social communication and interaction, and is therefore particularly pertinent when considering the opportunities and challenges of participatory design (PD). Design/methodology/approach – A series of presentations from key researchers and practitioners are reviewed, highlighting contemporary issues about how technologies have been designed to improve educational support using a range of methods and processes for stakeholder involvement. Findings – Involvement per se does not constitute engagement as a design partner. The interdisciplinary nature of PD, combined with the viewpoints of communities beyond academia, need to be integrated in a manner that allows for different perspectives and voices, and for the “trace” of the contribution to be evidenced. The level of evidence required for demonstrating effective support needs to be considered in terms of both the outcomes of projects and the processes for involving stakeholders in PD. Originality/value – This paper offers an up-to-date insight from lead researchers into key debates about the benefits and challenges of PD with autistic people and the broader autism community. Its value lies in raising questions about, and discussing evidence that challenges, some of the assumptions that underpin both PD processes and the needs of the autistic community.
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Neves, Josélia. "Action research." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 28, no. 2 (August 4, 2016): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.28.2.05nev.
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Abstract In this article Action Research (AR) is addressed to determine its limitations and affordances as a research approach in audiovisual translation studies. A specific case of Participatory Action Research (PAR) is presented in the context of a Museum Project in Portugal – the MCCB project –, serving as a focus for the discussion of the main characteristics of AR: planning, putting into action, reflecting upon and starting anew, in spiralling continuums that start with the AR project itself but that go beyond it to spin off into new research and development projects.