Relevant bibliographies by topics / Particle size determination. Turbidity

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Academic literature on the topic 'Particle size determination. Turbidity'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Particle size determination. Turbidity"

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Kourti, Theodora, John F. MacGregor, and Archie E. Hamielec. "Minimum number of turbidity measurements required for the determination of particle size distributions." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 120, no. 1 (1987): 292–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(87)90354-7.

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Pfannkuche, J., and A. Schmidt. "Determination of suspended particulate matter concentration from turbidity measurements: particle size effects and calibration procedures." Hydrological Processes 17, no. 10 (2003): 1951–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1220.

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Jalava, Juho-Pertti, Veli-Matti Taavitsainen, Heikki Haario, and Lars Lamberg. "Determination of particle and crystal size distribution from turbidity spectrum of TiO2 pigments by means of T-matrix." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 60, no. 3 (1998): 399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4073(98)00015-6.

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Warzecha, Piotr, Bartłomiej Hilger, and Sławomir Różycki. "Bentonite clay suspension -coagulation process and identification of properties." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900124.

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The main aim of the research presented in this paper is study of volume coagulation of bentonite suspension. Investigation of physical properties included measurement of particle size distribution, chemical and phase analysis of prepared suspension, as well as preparation of sedimentation test graph and determination of dependence between concentration of the suspension and turbidity of the suspension. Relationship between coagulant dose and concentration was also determined during this analysis. This research could help in determination of critical coagulation concentration duringanalysis of coagulation process. Also it could be used duringsimulations of distribution of suspension in high - performance sedimentation settling tanks for suspension of similar origin in water treatment process.
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Jaberi, Naghmeh, Navideh Anarjan та Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri. "Optimization the formulation parameters in preparation of α-tocopherol nanodispersions using low-energy solvent displacement technique". International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 90, № 1-2 (2020): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000441.

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Abstract. α-Tocopherol is the main compound of vitamin E with great antioxidant activity. However, like other functional lipid bioactive compounds, it suffers from low bioavailability due to its low water solubility and liable chemical structure. A bottom-up procedure based on a solvent-displacement method was constructed for fabrication of α-tocopherol nanodispersions using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of main formulation parameters, namely, weight ratio of emulsifier to α-tocopherol and volumetric percent of acetone to water on the average particle size (nm), polydispersity index, concentration of α-tocopherol loss (% w/w) and turbidity of the nanodispersions were evaluated and optimized to gain the most desirable nanodispersions (least particle size, polydispersity index, turbidity and highest α-tocopherol concentrations). Second order regression equations, holding quite high coefficients of determination (R2 and adjusted R2 > 0.882), were significantly (p-value < 0.05) fitted for predicting the α-tocopherol nanodispersion characteristics variations as functions of studied formulation parameters. A multiple optimization analysis offered 6.5 and 10% for weight ratio of Tween 20 to α-tocopherol and volume percent of acetone, respectively, as overall optimum values for studied parameters. Statistically insignificant differences between experimental and predicted values of studied responses, verified the satisfactoriness of presented models for explaining the response characteristics as a function of formulation parameters. Thus, the employed solvent-displacement technique may provide the most desired water dispersible α-tocopherol nanoparticles for several water-based foods, cosmetic nutraceutical formulations.
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Wirman, Rahmi Putri, Indrawata Wardhana, and Vandri Ahmad Isnaini. "Kajian Tingkat Akurasi Sensor pada Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) dan Tingkat Kekeruhan Air." Jurnal Fisika 9, no. 1 (2019): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jf.v9i1.17056.

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Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and turbidity of water are parameters to determine the quality of water. In this research, instruments development and study of accuracy level for TDS meter and turbidimeter have been made. Instruments were made using TDS sensor and turbidity sensor that were inexpensive and available on the market. The samples used for instruments examination were water with dye (Rhodamine B) and powder of coffee as impurities. The results showed that the sensors worked properly and provided a better accuracy in measuring water samples with coffee impurities than dye impurities. The inaccuracy on the determination of water samples with dye impurities due to dye particles which have soluble properties on water and microscopic size than particles of coffee.
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Rossi, L., C. Lubello, E. Poggiali, and O. Griffini. "Analysis of a clariflocculation process with a photometric dispersion analyser (PDA2000)." Water Supply 2, no. 5-6 (2002): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0150.

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In this experimental study the clarification process of the drinking water treatment plant (WTP) of Florence (Italy) has been evaluated. At present, the most common way to optimise the clariflocculation process (best type and dosage of coagulants and mixing conditions) is the jar-test procedure which can give information about the final turbidity, and consequently the process efficiency, after a settling period in a batch procedure at laboratory-scale. An alternative method with a Photometric Dispersion Analyser (PDA2000) was recently introduced at the WTP to provide quick and continuous information (flocculation index, correlated with the flocs size) about the aggregation state of particles during a modified jar-test procedure. The PDA2000 was applied to a real suspension (namely Arno river water) providing useful data for the determination of best type and optimum dosage of coagulants. Furthermore a strong correlation between the removal efficiency of the turbidity and PDA a parameter derived from the PDA 2000 data (defined as the rate of the square root of the flocs size index and the maximum slope of the growing curve) was observed.
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Czyż, Ewa A., and Anthony R. Dexter. "Mechanical dispersion of clay from soil into water: readily-dispersed and spontaneously-dispersed clay." International Agrophysics 29, no. 1 (2015): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2015-0007.

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Abstract A method for the experimental determination of the amount of clay dispersed from soil into water is described. The method was evaluated using soil samples from agricultural fields in 18 locations in Poland. Soil particle size distributions, contents of organic matter and exchangeable cations were measured by standard methods. Sub-samples were placed in distilled water and were subjected to four different energy inputs obtained by different numbers of inversions (end-over-end movements). The amounts of clay that dispersed into suspension were measured by light scattering (turbidimetry). An empirical equation was developed that provided an approximate fit to the experimental data for turbidity as a function of number of inversions. It is suggested that extrapolation of the fitted equation to zero inversions enables the amount of spontaneously-dispersed clay to be estimated. This method introduces the possibility of replacing the existing subjective, qualitative method of determining spontaneously-dispersed clay with a quantitative, objective method. Even though the dispersed clay is measured under saturated conditions, soil samples retain a ‘memory’ of the water contents at which they have been stored.
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Király, Csilla, György Falus, Fruzsina Gresina, Gergely Jakab, Zoltán Szalai, and György Varga. "Granulometric properties of particles in Upper Miocene sandstones from thin sections, Szolnok Formation, Hungary." Hungarian Geographical Bulletin 68, no. 4 (2019): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15201/hungeobull.68.4.2.

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Particle size and shape are among the most important properties of sedimentary deposits. Objective and robust determination of granulometric features of sediments is a challenging problem, and has been standingin the focal point of sedimentary studies for many decades. In this study, we provide an overview of a new analytical approach to characterize particles from thin sections of sandstones by using 2D automated optical static image analysis. The analysed samples are originated from the turbiditic Lower Pannonian (Upper Miocene) sediments of Szolnok Formation. Sandstone samples were analysed from 1,500 to 2,250 m depth range. According to the previous studies: the detrital components are quartz, muscovite, dolomite, K-feldspar and plagioclase. Diagenetic minerals are mostly carbonates (calcite, Fe-dolomite, ankerite, siderite), clay minerals (illite, kaolinite), ankerite, siderite and kaolinite. As the discussed Szolnok Formation is considered as a potential CO2 storage system (to reduce atmospheric CO2 concentration), special attention has to be paid on grain size and shape alteration evaluation, since pore water-rock interactions affected by CO2 injection may cause changes in particle properties. The primarily aim of the present study was to develop a method for effective characterization of the particle size and shape of sandstones from thin sections. We have applied a Malvern Morphologi G3SE-ID automated optical static image analyser device, what is completed with a Raman spectrometer. Via the combined analysis of granulometry and chemical characterization, it was obvious that there were specific relationships among various grain shape parameters (e.g., circularity values correlate to width and length ratios, as well as to convexity) and the results indicated that based simply on particle shapes, muscovites can be effectively separated from other minerals. Quartz and feldspar grains showed the highest variability in shapes as these are detrital ones, and sometimes arrived as lithic fragments from which other parts were dissolved The size and shape of carbonate minerals depends highly on the original pore size and shape because these minerals are mainly diagenetic. The shape of detrital dolomites depends on diagenetic ankerite, as it replaces the rim of dolomites.
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Limsitthichaikoon, Sucharat, and Chutima Sinsuebpol. "Electrostatic Effects of Metronidazole Loaded in Chitosan-Pectin Polyelectrolyte Complexes." Key Engineering Materials 819 (August 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.819.27.

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Electrostatic interactions of polymeric charges become one of the important factors to form the polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). In this work, PECs has successfully created through the interaction between positive charges of chitosan (CS) and negative charges of pectin (PE) based on the effect of pH and pKa of the polymers. The formation of PECs provides small particle size, positive surface charge, and high %entrapment efficiency (%EE) after loaded metronidazole (MTZ). Dropwise addition of PE solution into CS solution was carried out to form PECs. A certain concentration of chitosan and pectin fixed at ratio 3:1 while the pH of both polymers varied as pH 1, 3, 5, and 9. The alterations after forming PECs observed particle size, zeta potential, and turbidity of the solution along with FTIR, DSC, and TAG. Precipitation of PECs solution was found in the fixed pH 5 of PE solution dropwise into pH 7 and 9 CS solution, which referred to the unstable of the PECs system. The pH 1 and 9 of PE and CS obtained the large size which about 600-1200 nm, while zeta potential found a low positive charge of 5.54-11.90 mV. Thus, only the fixed pH 5 of CS solution and pH 3, 5, or 7 of PE solution to form PECs were used to load MTZ. After loaded MTZ, the particle size of the PECs was about 400-500 nm and the zeta potential was about 20-50 mV. Electrostatic interactions resulted from FTIR detected the changes in amino groups of CS and carboxyl groups of PE. Thermal analysis on DSC for determinations of melting points or transition temperatures and TGA to monitor weight loss by heat were confirmed the PECs and MTZ-PECs formation. The pH 5 of PE interacts with pH 5 of CS offered the smallest particle size as 438 nm, zeta potential about 23.5 mV, and the highest percentage of EE as about 50% of the drug-loaded. The pH 5 of PE and CS were the pH-responsive to the pKa, thus, the acidity of the polymers may provide a suitable condition to form the appropriate polyelectrolyte complexes. Keywords: Polyelectrolyte complex, polycation, polyanion, charge density
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Particle size determination. Turbidity"

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Hegyi, Gyorgy. "Particle size determination for alpha-emitters using CR-39." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0019/MQ55065.pdf.

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Abudu, Adewunmi Tiwalade. "Adsorption and particle size studies of petroleum fluids." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1939120981&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Annapoorneswari, Rajasekharan Pillai. "Fine particle classification using dilute fluidized beds." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : University of Missouri-Rolla, 2007. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Anna_thesis_final_09007dcc8036723f_09007dcc804465a7.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 2007.<br>Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed December 11, 2007) Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-51).
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Tilston, Michael Christopher. "The Role of Particle Size and Concentration in Defining the Flow Structure of Turbidity Currents and the Morphology of their Deposits: Insights from Computed Tomography." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35828.

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Turbidity currents are turbulent particle suspensions that are the primary mechanism for transporting terrestrial sediments to the deep marine, and generate some of the largest depositional features on Earth. However the fluid-particle interactions that sustain these currents are poorly understood, principally due to the technical challenges posed by obtaining accurate velocity and density measurements, which are critical for describing flow behavior and depositional characteristics. Numerous studies have bypassed these issues by using saline density currents, but this negates the ability to link flow processes with depositional features, and it is unclear whether their density structures are representative of particle gravity flows. Consequently, numerous questions remain over the flow conditions that build up a significant part of the deep-marine geologic record. In this thesis I reports on the flow processes and depositional features of sediment-gravity currents across a broad range of particle sizes and concentrations. The technical challenges of obtaining reliable density data are overcome by running the experimental flows through a medical grade computed tomography (CT) scanner, and pair this data with three-dimensional velocity measurements using an ultrasonic Doppler velocity profiler (UDVP-3D) to get one of the first glimpses of the internal structure of turbidity currents. Unlike previous studies where flow processes are described in terms of the velocity field, this thesis demonstrates that fluid-particle interactions are controlled by momentum characteristics, and that the velocity field is determined largely by the current’s density structure. Moreover, the density structure also exerts a first order control on the morphology of their deposits.
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Sun, Guanglin. "Influence of particle size distribution on the performance of fluidized bed reactors." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32013.

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The effect of particle size distribution (PSD) on the performance of a fluidized bed reactor was investigated using the ozone decomposition reaction, combined with the study of hydrodynamics, for fresh and spent fluid cracking catalysts, each having three particle size distributions - wide, narrow and bimodal - all with nearly the same mean diameter (60 µm), the same particle density and the same BET surface area. The superficial gas velocity was varied from 0.1 to 1.8 m/s to include the bubbling, slugging, turbulent and fast fluidization regimes. The catalytic rate constant, based on the volume of the particles, ranged from 2 to10 s⁻¹, while the static bed height was varied from 0.15 m to 1 m. Four different multi-orifice gas distributors with different hole diameters (2.2 to 5.1 mm) and hole numbers (4 and 21) were also tested to evaluate the influence of gas distributor on the performance of fluidized bed reactors. The particle size distribution was found to play a larger role at higher gas velocities than at lower velocities. At low gas velocities (Uf ≤ 0.2 m/s), the reaction conversion was not greatly affected by the PSD. However, with an increase in gas velocity the PSD effect became larger. The wide size distribution gave the highest reactor efficiency, defined as the ratio of the volume of catalyst required in a plug flow reactor to that required in the fluidized bed reactor to achieve the same conversion, while the narrow blend gave the lowest. The differences are not solely a function of the "fines content". The influence of particle size distribution on the hydrodynamics of fluidization was evaluated by measuring particle concentrations in voids, bubble sizes, and dense phase expansion. When the superficial gas velocity exceeded 0.1 m/s, the bed with the wide size distribution usually gave the highest particle concentration inside the voids, the smallest bubble size and the greatest dense phase expansion at the same operating conditions. There is evidence that there is a greater proportion of "fines" present in the voids than in the overall particle size distribution. This has been explained in terms of the throughflow velocity inside bubbles being of the same order as the terminal velocity of typical "fines", causing these particles to spend longer periods of time inside the voids. The effect of the PSD on the fluidization regime and its transitions was determined by measuring pressure fluctuations along the column. The earliest transition from bubbling or slugging to turbulent fluidization occurred in the bed of wide size distribution, while the latest corresponded to the narrow PSD. For particles of wide size distribution, higher conversion was achieved for the turbulent and fast fluidization regimes than for the bubbling fluidization regime under otherwise identical conditions, while for particles of narrow size distribution, the dependence of conversion on regime was small. Hence, for reactors of wide PSD, the performance can be improved significantly by operating in the turbulent or fast fluidization regime, while for particles of narrow size distribution, the benefit of operating at high gas velocity is slight at best. The PSD influence should be considered in modelling fluidized bed reactors. The "Two-Phase Bubbling Bed Model" has been modified to account for PSD effects. For the reactor of wide particle size distribution operated at high gas velocities, a single-phase axial dispersion model with closed inlet and open outlet boundary conditions appears to be suitable to predict the performance. It was also found that a high pressure drop across the gas distributor was not sufficient to maintain good performance of the distributor. The reactor efficiency in the entry region was higher for a distributor with a greater number of orifices, even though it had a lower pressure drop, than for a distributor plate with fewer larger holes.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of<br>Graduate
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Silva, Silvino L. C. "Soot particle size and concentration determination from a kerosene/gaseous oxygen rocket plume." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA358997.

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Pretorius, Jan Hendrik Christoffel. "The influence of PFA particle size on the workability of cementitious pastes." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07082005-135427/.

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Vivaldo-Lima, Eduardo. "Development of an effective model for particle size distribution in suspension copolymerization of styrene/divinylbenzene." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/NQ42885.pdf.

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Sudsakorn, Kandis. "The effect of particle size on the amount of coating received during a batch fluidized bed coating operation." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=612.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 98 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-68).
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Van, der Merwe J. J. "Parameters affecting accuracy and reproducibility of sedimentary particle size analysis of clays." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50054.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2004<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The main aim of this study is to establish a standard procedure for all sedimentary particle size analysis methods specifically for clay minerals and mixtures thereof. Not only will it improve accuracy and reproducibility during clay size analysis, it will also secure comparability between different operators. As a start, all the apparatus-related parameters that can affect the accuracy and reproducibility were determined for the apparatus used, viz. the Sedigraph SOOOD. Thereafter, these parameters were kept constant, and the effects of potential material-related parameters were investigated one-by-one. First to be investigated were those parameters relating specifically to sample preparation. They were: grinding intensity, chemical dissolution of cementing materials, duration of prior soaking, salt content, centrifugal washing with polar organic liquids, deflocculant type and concentration, the effect of pH, ultrasonic time, and stirring during ultrasonic treatment. Then, the influence on accuracy and reproducibility of the physical and chemical parameters related to the suspension was determined. They were: the use of the viscosity and density of water to calibrate the apparatus in stead of those of the suspension liquid, hydrolysis of the deflocculant with suspension-ageing, and the effect of solid concentration on hindered settling. During this investigation a novel method was developed to enable faster and more accurate pycnometric density determinations. Next, the unique characteristics of clays, which can influence the results of sedimentary particle size analyses, were examined. Serious problems are encountered with the accuracy of the analyses of some clay types abundantly found in nature, viz. the smectites and mixed-layered clay minerals. Due to their swelling in water, and variations in the amounts of their crystal layers, they experience unpredictable changes in particle size. The latter is caused by the following external factors: clay type, humidity, type of exchange cation, electrolyte concentration, clay concentration, pH, deflocculant type and concentration, pressure history of the swell-clay suspension, and ageing of the suspension. The effect of each of them on the accuracy and reproducibility of the sedimentary particle size analysis of clays are investigated in detail. Another problem that influences the accuracy of the sedimentary methods is that owing to swelling, the densities of smectites and mixed-layered clays change by varying degrees when suspended in water. It is, however, impossible to pycnometrically determine the density of a swell-clay since it absorbs a part of the water used for its volume determination. To solve this problem, a novel method was devised to calculate swell-clay density. This method makes use of existing Monte Carlo simulations of the swelling mechanism of montmorillonite. During all sedimentary methods, an average clay density is normally used to calculate the particle size distribution of clay mixtures. However, if there is a large enough difference between the calculated average density and that of a component, then inaccurate results will be recorded. The magnitude of this effect was investigated for a few self-made clay mixtures, which consisted of different proportions of kaolinite, illite, and montmorillonite. Based on all the above results, a practical approach to, and a standard methodology for all the sedimentary methods of particle size analysis of clay minerals are presented. Additionally, a condensed summary is provided in table-form, which contains the magnitudes of the errors associated with each of the parameters that were examined.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om 'n standaard prosedure daar te stel vir alle sedimentêre metodes van partikelgrootte analise, spesifiek vir gebruik met kleiminerale en mengsels daarvan. So 'n standaard prosedure sal die akkuraatheid en herhaalbaarheid van klei-analises verbeter, en die vergelykbaarheid tussen verskillende operateurs verseker. Aanvanklik is slegs die parameters bepaal wat die akkuraatheid en herhaalbaarheid van die gekose apparaat (Sedigraph 5000D) kan beïnvloed. Daarna is al hierdie parameters konstant gehou, en is die potensiële effekte van die moontlike materiaal-verwante parameters een na die ander ondersoek. Eerstens is die invloed van monstervoorbereiding op akkuraatheid en herhaalbaarheid bepaal. Verskillende parameters nl. maal-intensiteit, chemiese oplossing van sementerende materiale, sentrifugale wassing met polêre organiese vloeistowwe, tipe ontvlokker en konsentrasie, die effek van pH, ultrasoniese tyd en die effek van roer tydens ultrasonikasie is ondersoek. Vervolgens is die invloed op die akkuraatheid en herhaalbaarheid van die fisiese en chemiese parameters verwant aan die suspensie bepaal. Hierdie parameters was nl. die gebruik van die viskositeit en digtheid van water in plaas van dié van die suspensievloeistof, hidrolise van die ontvlokker tydens suspensieveroudering, asook die effek van vastestof-konsentrasie op belemmerde uitsakking. Gedurende hierdie ondersoek is ook 'n nuwe metode ontwikkel wat vinniger, en meer akkurate piknometriese digtheidsbepalings moontlik maak. Die unieke eienskappe van kleie wat die resultate van sedimentêre metodes van partikelgrootte analises kan beïnvloed, is volgende ondersoek. Tydens die analises van party kleie wat baie volop in die natuur voorkom, nl. die smektiete en menglaag-kleie, word ernstige akkuraatheids-probleme ondervind. Hul swelling in water, tesame met variasies in hul aantal kristal-lagies, veroorsaak onvoorspelbare verandering van hul partikelgroottes. Laasgenoemde word deur die volgende eksterne faktore veroorsaak: klei tipe, humiditeit, tipe uitruil-katioon, elektrolietkonsentrasie, kleikonsentrasie, pH, ontvlokker-tipe en konsentrasie, drukgeskiedenis van 'n swelklei-suspensie, en veroudering van die suspensie. Die effek van elk op die akkuraatheid en herhaalbaarheid van die sedimentêre partikelgrootte analises van kleie word in detail bespreek. 'n Verdere probleem wat die akkuraatheid van sedimentêre metodes beïnvloed, is dat wanneer smektiete en menglaag-kleie in water gesuspendeer word, hulle digthede in verskillende mates weens swelling verander. Dit is egter onmoontlik om die digtheid van swelkleie in water piknometries te bepaal, omdat swelklei 'n gedeelte van die water absorbeer wat gebruik moet word om die kleivolume mee te bepaal. Om hierdie probleem op te los, is 'n nuwe metode ontwikkelom die digtheid van swelkleie mee te bereken. Die metode maak gebruik van reedsbestaande Monte Carlo simulasies van die swelling van montmorillonite. Tydens alle sedimentêre metodes word normaalweg van 'n gemiddelde kleidigtheid gebruik gemaak om die partikelgrootte-verspreiding van kleimengsels mee te bereken. Indien die berekende gemiddelde digtheid egter genoegsaam met dié van 'n kleikomponent verskil, sal onakkurate resultate verkry word. Hierdie effek is ondersoek vir 'n paar selfgemaakte kleimengsels wat uit verskillende hoeveelhede kaoliniet, illiet, en montmorilloniet bestaan het. Laastens word 'n praktiese benadering en 'n standaard metode vir alle sedimentêre metodes voorgestel, wat gebaseer is op al die bogenoemde resultate. 'n Verkorte opsomming, met die groottes van die foute geassosieer met elke parameter wat ondersoek is, word laastens in tabelvorm verskaf.
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Books on the topic "Particle size determination. Turbidity"

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Gippel, Christopher James. The effect of water colour, particle size, and particle composition on stream water turbidity measurements. Dept. of Geography and Oceanography, University College, University of NSW, Australian Defence Force Academy, 1988.

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Particle size measurement. 5th ed. Chapman & Hall, 1997.

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Allen, Terence. Particle size measurement. 4th ed. Chapman and Hall, 1990.

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Particle size analysis: Classification and sedimentation methods. Chapman & Hall, 1994.

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Buchele, Donald R. Particle sizing by weighted measurements of scattered light. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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Heiskanen, K. I. Particle classification. Chapman & Hall, 1993.

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Woods, Mark. The PM: January 1985 to July 1986. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1987.

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Koskinen, Jukka Tapio. Use of population balances and particle size distribution analysis to study particulate processes affected by simultaneous mass and heat transfer an nonuniform flow conditions. Lappeenranta University of Technology, 1993.

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Woods, Mark. The PM10 ssampler evaluation program: January 1985 to July 1986. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, 1987.

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American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Equipment Testing Procedures Committee. AIChE equipment testing procedure: Trayed & packed columns : a guide to performance evaluation / Equipment Testing Procedures Committee of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Wiley-AIChE, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Particle size determination. Turbidity"

1

Garcia-Rubio, L. H. "Averages from Turbidity Measurements." In Particle Size Distribution. American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0332.ch011.

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Allen, Terence. "Incremental methods of particle size determination." In Particle Size Measurement. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0417-0_9.

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Allen, Terence. "Radiation scattering methods of particle size determination." In Particle Size Measurement. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0417-0_14.

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Frock, Harold N. "Particle Size Determination Using Angular Light Scattering." In Particle Size Distribution. American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0332.ch010.

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Kourti, T., A. Penlidis, J. F. MacGregor, and A. E. Hamielec. "Measuring Particle Size Distribution of Latex Particles in the Submicrometer Range Using Size-Exclusion Chromatography and Turbidity Spectra." In Particle Size Distribution. American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0332.ch017.

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Allen, Terence. "Determination of pore size distribution by gas adsorption." In Particle Size Measurement. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0417-0_18.

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Gulari, Erdogan, A. Annapragada, Esin Gulari, and B. Jawad. "Determination of Particle Size Distributions Using Light-Scattering Techniques." In Particle Size Distribution. American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0332.ch009.

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Kourti, Theodora, and John F. MacGregor. "Particle Size Determination Using Turbidimetry." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1991-0472.ch003.

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Torvela, Heikki. "Determination of Particle Size Distribution." In Measurement of Atmospheric Emissions. Springer London, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3482-4_3.

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Allen, Terence. "The electrical sensing zone method of particle size distribution determination (the Coulter principle)." In Particle Size Measurement. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0417-0_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Particle size determination. Turbidity"

1

Swanepoel, F., D. M. Weber, and G. Metzner. "Particle size distribution determination using acoustic information." In 1999 IEEE Africon. 5th Africon Conference in Africa. IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.1999.820840.

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Shrivastava, Kaushal Kishore. "Determination of Optimum Particle Size for Economical Hydrotransport." In ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2005-77065.

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In the present work the generalized mathematical model (SK model) developed by Shrivastava and Kar [1, 2] has been utilized to determine the optimum size of the solid particles (sand, coal, pvc- granules, and lead shot), which offers the minimum frictional resistance to flow and results into the minimum head loss when transported through horizontal pipes under the conditions identical to those achieved by the investigators [3- 6] in their experiments. On the basis of the present investigation it has been observed that for the transport of solid through horizontal pipe at constant throughput the head loss does not depend directly on the size of the particles rather it depends on the values of the critical velocity (fluid velocity at which the head loss is minimum in the characteristic curve) calculated for solids of different sizes. Whereas for the transport of solid particles at constant volumetric concentration the head loss depends directly on the size of the particle and it is minimum for the largest size of the particle. Thus, it is possible to determine the optimum size of the particles for economical hydrotransport through horizontal pipe at constant throughput from the energy consumption point of view by utilizing the expressions of SK model.
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Bilro, L., S. Prats, J. L. Pinto, J. J. Keizer, and R. N. Nogueira. "Turbidity sensor for determination of concentration, ash presence and particle diameter of sediment suspensions." In 21st International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors (OFS21). SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.885112.

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Jawad, Badih A., Chris H. Riedel, and Ahmad A. Bazzari. "Determination of Particle Size Distribution Using Laser Diffraction Technique." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60510.

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Understanding the disintegration mechanism, spray penetration, and spray motion is of great importance in the design of a high quality diesel engine. The atomization process that a liquid would undergo as it is injected into a high-temperature, high-pressure air, is investigated in this work. The purpose of this study is to gain further insight into the atomization mechanism, the variation over time in droplet size distribution and spray penetration. This is done based on effect of chamber pressure, injection pressure, and type of fuel. A laser diffraction method is used to determine droplet mean diameters, single injection with synchronized time mechanism allowed the time dependent studies. Obscuration signals are obtained through a digital oscilloscope from which arrival time of spray can be measured. The spray penetration correlation obtained is compared to other correlation’s obtained from different other techniques used in the literature.
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Shahram Emami, Lope G. Tabil, and Todd Pugsley. "Determination of Particle Size Distribution of Chickpea Flour Granules." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16917.

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Dovichi, Norman J., and Fahimeh Zarrin. "Laser doppler velocimetry for sub-micrometer particle size determination." In AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 160. AIP, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.36754.

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Carvou, E., J. L. Le Garrec, E. Yee Kin Choi, and J. B. A. Mitchell. "Particle Size Determination in Electrical Arcs Using X-Ray Scattering." In 2013 IEEE 59th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (Holm 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/holm.2013.6651421.

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Wan, W. K., and Ivy Pho. "Determination of Precipitated Asphaltene Particle Size From Cold Lake Bitumen." In Annual Technical Meeting. Petroleum Society of Canada, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/94-86.

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de Bruijn, Douwe S., Koen F. A. Jorissen, Wouter Olthuis, and Albert van den Berg. "Particle Size Determination in Impedance Flow Cytometry Using Measured Opacity." In 2021 21st International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems (Transducers). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/transducers50396.2021.9495740.

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Xinjun Zhu, Jin Shen, Xianqiang Wang, and Wendong Shi. "Improved technique for particle size distribution determination in dynamic light scattering." In 2011 3rd International Conference on Computer Research and Development (ICCRD). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccrd.2011.5763870.

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Reports on the topic "Particle size determination. Turbidity"

1

Hopke, P. K. The development and field testing of a system for determination of ultrafine activity particle size distribution and working levels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6405404.

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Hopke, P. The development and field testing of a system for determination of ultrafine activity particle size distribution and working levels: Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5979045.

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