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1

Cotter, Elizabeth M. The general chapter in a religious institute: With particular reference to IBVM Loreto Branch. Peter Lang, 2008.

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2

Cotter, Elizabeth M. The general chapter in a religious institute: With particular reference to IBVM Loreto. Peter Lang, 2008.

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3

Kriven'kiy, Aleksandr. The origin and development of private international law (XII-XX centuries). INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1484524.

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The monograph examines the issues of the origin, formation and development of private international law (MCHP) as a science and an independent branch of law. The development of conflict (conflict of laws) law is shown starting from the XII century and ending with the beginning of the XX century, more precisely, 1917. In particular, the main historical stages of the development of the science of private international law in Europe by lawyers from Italy, France, Holland, Germany, England and Russia up to the beginning of the XX century are highlighted. The main ideas and doctrines in the science of MCHP are outlined, a number of author's provisions and conclusions regarding the covered topic are expressed, as well as proposals for the further development of the science of MCHP. 
 It is recommended to students, masters, postgraduates and teachers of this discipline in educational organizations of professional education, to anyone who is interested in private international law.
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4

Kokin, Andrey, I. V. Latyshov, and P. Giverc. The current state and problems of identification in forensic ballistics. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1873043.

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The monograph presents the modern concept of identification of firearms. The processes of weapons production necessitated adjustments to the traditional foundations of forensic ballistic identification, and a third group, subclass (subgroup) signs, is included in the binary system of general and particular signs of traces. An analysis of the modern practice of identifying firearms shows that the main obstacles in this process are subclass characteristics and prejudice. The first are related to the manufacture of parts and parts of weapons, and prejudice is associated with the subjective interpretation by an expert of the results of comparing signs in traces, which underlies the formation of conclusions of a comparative study.
 In addition, currently an urgent task is to confirm the ability of a qualified expert to draw reliable conclusions on identification.
 For students, cadets, trainees, postgraduates, adjuncts and teachers of the faculties of training forensic experts, as well as practitioners in the field of forensic ballistics and anyone interested in this branch of knowledge.
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5

Gagliardi, Isabella, ed. Le vestigia dei gesuati. Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-228-7.

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The book analyses the history of the Jesuat congregation, highlighting the elements of connection and comparison with the social contexts, then describing the origin and the most ancient events of the female branch of the congregation, and the memory of the meeting between the "founder" of the Jesuats and the "foundress" of the Gesuate. The iconographic memory of the initiator of the congregation, Giovani Colombini, the collection of the lauds of the Jesuat Bianco da Siena, and the fortune of the 15th-century Life of Giovanni Colombini, written by Feo Belcari, are also investigated. Then the research reconstructs the constellation of groups, religious experiments and bearers of ideas and devotions that were linked to the Jesuats and, in particular, to the convents of Milan, Siena, Lucca, Venice and Rome and the sanctuaries managed by the congregation. The congregational sociability is analysed along its lines: the practice of work as pharmacists and the cultivation of spiritual friendships with prominent people such as the Countess of Guastalla, Lodovica Torelli. Finally, the erudite use of Colombini's Epistolario as a language text is studied. The volume closes with a documentary appendix on the Jesuat convent of Chiusi.
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Farhutdinov, Insur. The evolution of international law - from Westphal to Versailles. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. https://doi.org/10.12737/2135819.

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Based on doctrinal research, the monograph examines the stages of the emergence and evolution of international law from the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 to the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The Westphalian-Vienna system of international relations, which is the subject of these studies, is of particular importance for the evolution of international law. The research is devoted to the history of the branch of the science of international law, which studies the emergence and development of public international law as a set of legal norms governing interstate relations. The formation of international law began with the fundamental work of Hugo Grotius "Three Books on the Law of War and Peace" (1625). The Dutch scientist developed humanistic rules of warfare, which later became the basis of the law of armed conflict in the system of international law. The work shows that the myth of Westphalus created a system of beliefs that are far from reality. Based on the international legal analysis of historical texts, the generally accepted doctrine that the Treaty of Westphalia is, however, the beginning of a new international system that has stood up to the XXI century is being questioned. It is intended for students, postgraduates, as well as for anyone interested in the problems of the history of international law and international relations. It is recommended for use as a textbook in the disciplines of "International Law", "International Relations".
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Korolev, Oleg, Mihail Kussyy, Anatoliy Sigal, Veniamin Livshic, and Evgeniy Solozhencev. The use of entropy in modeling decision-making processes in economics. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1865188.

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The monograph is devoted to the study of entropy, the history of this general scientific category, the development of its theory, various aspects of the application of entropy. Entropy — a measure of chaos — is one of the basic concepts of modern natural science. Having arisen in thermodynamics in the first half of the XIX century, the concept of entropy has found numerous applications in many branches of knowledge, including in other branches of physics, engineering, computer science, biology, economics, social sciences. Particular attention is paid to the evolution of views on the concept of entropy, various aspects of the use of entropy for modeling processes in financial markets, the methodology of recurrent analysis of time series in economics, as well as various aspects of the use of entropy for game-theoretic modeling of resource allocation processes.
 It will be useful to specialists in mathematical modeling, scientists and practitioners specializing in managerial decision-making, teachers, graduate students, students.
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8

Cambi, Franco, and Giovanni Mari, eds. Giulio Preti. Firenze University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-044-0.

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In the period following the Second World War Giulio Preti was one of the leading exponents of Italian philosophy. A master of open critical thought, cultivated in the light of a rationalism that dialogued with, and integrated into his own philosophical model, many of the currents and stances of the global research scenario. Phenomenology, Marxism, pragmatism, neopositivism, transcendentalism and structuralism: in Preti all of these found an organic and original synthesis. Further, his particular brand of rationalist-critical thought touched on many aspects of philosophical knowledge: theoretical philosophy, the philosophy of science, that of language and that of art, from ethics to politics and even taking in the history of philosophy, offering authoritative contributions in every sphere. One hundred years after his birth, the University of Florence and the heir to the Faculty in which he lectured at length, the Faculty of Education, has decided to honour his memory with this anthology of studies, penned by former pupils and others and also by younger scholars, to once again focus the wealth of this thought and its, in many respects, current relevance. Even now, this particular brand of open, critical rationalism can offer a benchmark for addressing the new issues for philosophical reflection thrown up by modern society and culture.
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Powers, Stephen P., and Stanley Rothman. The Least Dangerous Branch? Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400677953.

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Is the American judiciary still the least dangerous branch, as Alexander Hamilton and legal scholar Alexander Bickel characterized it? Unlike legislatures or administrative agencies, courts do not make policy so much as direct and redirect policy as it is implemented. The judicial contribution to policymaking involves the infusion of constitutional rights into the realm of public policy, and as the government has grown, the courts have become more powerful from doing more and more of this. Powers and Rothman explore the impact of the federal courts, providing a brief account of the development of constitutional law and an overview of the judiciary's impact in six controversial areas of public policy. •Busing •Affirmative action •Prison reform •Mental health reform •Procedural reforms in law enforcement •Electoral redistricting In each of these areas, the authors review significant cases that bear on the particular policy, exploring the social science evidence to assess the impact of the courts on policies—and the consequences of that intervention. Powers and Rothman conclude that judicial intervention in public policy has often brought about undesirable consequences, sometimes even for the intended beneficiaries of government intervention.
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10

Blake, N. J. The planning and design of branch library buildings 1852-1985, with particular reference to Manchester Public Libraries. 1985.

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11

Morris, Christopher W. Sovereignty and Executive Power. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190922542.003.0006.

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States claim sovereignty, that is, to be the ultimate source of political authority in their realm. The classical conception of sovereignty defended by early modern thinkers such as Hobbes and Rousseau would give the sovereign extraordinary powers, the authority to rule on just about any matter concerning its subjects and territory. Few today defend this classical conception of sovereignty as unconstrained authority; most everyone thinks that the powers of the state are constrained and limited. Constrained states can still be very powerful, and today many argue that the power of the executive branch of government, in particular, ought to be less constrained than it is thought to be. This chapter argues that the concept of the sovereignty of the state, whether understood in a classical way or as limited, gives little support to those who argue that the executive branch ought to be relatively unconstrained in the realm of security and foreign affairs. The doctrine of the sovereignty of the state does not single out any branch of government for distinctive powers. While there may be reasons intrinsic to sovereignty to attribute greater powers to states, these reasons don’t privilege the executive branch of government. Our executive branches are not sovereigns.
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12

Ormerod, George 1785-1873, H. C. (Henry Clark) 1807-18 Pidgeon, and S. Mary Inscriber Mb Ormerod. Memoir on the Lancashire House of le Noreis or Norres, and Its Speke Branch in Particular, with Notices of Its Connexion with Military Transactions at Flodden, Edinburgh, and Musselburgh. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2021.

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13

Tritter, Thorin. Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574797.003.0021.

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The Australian and Canadian branches of OUP were among the first founded and their histories in the later twentieth century have similar trajectories. Both engaged in significant trade publishing, unlike other branches, and both developed successful local educational and reference lists. The New Zealand branch was a more precarious investment and eventually merged into the Australian branch. The Canadian and Australian branches both responded to powerful nationalist movements in education and publishing by embracing local authors and developing reference titles and textbooks. The chapter considers these developments and compares the publishing lists, leadership, and growth of the Australian and Canadian branches. The chapter carefully examines and compares the relationship between these branches and Oxford, particularly noting how the branches and the Press perceived and reacted to changes in financial position, sales figures of local titles and UK imports, and the autonomy of branch managers.
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Wratten, Simon. Sales and Marketing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574797.003.0006.

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Traditionally OUP relied on travellers to promote and sell its books in the UK and branch staff to do so overseas; these activities were managed from the Sales Department at Ely House. Feedback from the branches and UK travellers on customer preferences did not reliably reach editors in Oxford and London. Following the reorganization of the Press in the 1970s, publishing divisions took control of marketing their own books and a greater priority was given to market preferences in decisions about design, format, pricing, timing of publication, and projected sales. The chapter chronicles the changes in marketing policy and sales techniques, offering examples of the impact of market analysis, customer feedback, and promotional campaigns on particular titles. The chapter also considers the way the Press reacted to changes in the retail book sales with the growth of chain stores, book clubs, and the online marketplace.
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15

Schedneck, Brooke. Buddhist International Organizations. Edited by Michael Jerryson. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199362387.013.43.

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Buddhist international organizations are a dynamic phenomenon of contemporary Buddhism. The proliferation of these organizations is a significant manifestation of global and transnational forms of Buddhism. Common characteristics of international Buddhist organizations include charismatic leadership, a large lay Buddhist population, the establishment of local branch centers, and a focus on a particular form of Buddhist practice such as a meditation method or a form of social engagement. The author’s criteria for labeling international Buddhist organizations as such include a membership of diverse nationalities, multiple branch centers outside the country of its origin, and therefore a commitment to both national and international concerns. The chapter investigates the most relevant organizations structured by region and social issue. It includes examples of Buddhist international organizations throughout Asia, with a focus on common regional features. Precedents for Buddhist international organizations within the pre-modern and modern period are also included.
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Gerard, McMeel. Part II Related Doctrines, 10 Implied Terms in Fact. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198755166.003.0010.

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This chapter is concerned with the terms implied in fact, concentrating on the tests which the courts have articulated and employed, and providing some representative examples. This branch of the implication of terms is grounded on ascertaining the intentions of the parties, albeit an objective approach is deployed. Accordingly the implication of such terms is similar to, but distinct from, the ordinary process of interpretation of the express terms of a written contract. The chapter introduces the theory that ‘implication in fact’ is a species or sub-branch of construction, alongside the interpretation of the express terms. However, whereas the interpretation of the express language of the contract depends upon the perspective of the reasonable person trying to make sense of the instrument, traditionally the authorities on implied terms in fact insist on a threshold standard of necessity before any term is implied into a particular contract.
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17

Martinez, J. Michael. Congressional Lions. Lexington Books, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666988055.

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In some periods of American history, members of the legislative branch have been as influential, and sometimes more influential, than a particular president in crafting public policy and reacting to world events. Congressional Lions examines twelve influential members of Congress throughout American history to understand their role in shaping the life of the nation. The book does not focus exclusively on the biographical details of these lawmakers, although biography invariably plays a role in recalling their triumphs and tragedies. Instead, the book highlights members’ legislative accomplishments as well as the circumstances surrounding their congressional service.
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18

Leachman, Emily, and A. Garrison Libby. Complete Guide to Training Library Staff. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216170631.

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This practical guidebook presents an infrastructure for training library staff, starting with a robust onboarding process and continuing through a staff member's entire duration at an institution. Because library services and resources can change rapidly, ongoing training is an important aspect of library operations. Training can be a particular challenge at large, multi-branch library systems, because it can be difficult to ensure all staff are able to receive the relevant information. Written for library managers and training leaders,A Complete Guide to Training Library Staffpresents a comprehensive lifecycle for staff development with a focus on tools and techniques to build a sustainable training program, set staff up for success in their positions, and develop a positive and supportive community across the library. Authors Emily Leachman and A. Garrison Libby spearheaded their library's movement to largely online trainings, which are inclusive of staff at all branch locations. This practical guidebook helps managers and trainers develop a comprehensive plan that allows new staff to quickly become acquainted with the operations of the library, provides ongoing training to make staff aware of new procedures and services, and creates a collaborative and supportive training environment to empower staff to learn and lead.
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19

Fancourt, Daisy. Fact file 6: Obstetrics, gynaecology, and neonatology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792079.003.0019.

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Obstetrics (a branch of medicine focusing on childbirth and midwifery), gynaecology (a field of medicine specific to women and girls with a particular focus on the reproductive system), and neonatology (a subspecialty of paediatrics focused on the care of newborn infants, especially those who are premature) cover the whole span of pre-conception, pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period for both mothers and babies. The topics covered by these disciplines include family planning, reproductive medicine, menopausal and geriatric (older adult) gynaecology, maternal medicine, and female urology. Because of the breadth of these disciplines, care teams involve hospital clinicians, surgeons, family doctors, nurses, midwives, doulas, and health visitors, among others....
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Asudeh, Ash, and Gianluca Giorgolo. Enriched Meanings. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847854.001.0001.

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This book presents a theory of enriched meanings for natural language interpretation. Certain expressions that exhibit complex effects at the semantics/pragmatics boundary live in an enriched meaning space while others live in a more basic meaning space. These basic meanings are mapped to enriched meanings just when required compositionally, which avoids generalizing meanings to the worst case. The theory is captured formally using monads, a concept from category theory. Monads are also prominent in functional programming and have been successfully used in the semantics of programming languages to characterize certain classes of computation. They are used here to model certain challenging linguistic computations at the semantics/pragmatics boundary. Part I presents some background on the semantics/pragmatics boundary, informally presents the theory of enriched meanings, reviews the linguistic phenomena of interest, and provides the necessary background on category theory and monads. Part II provides novel compositional analyses of the following phenomena: conventional implicature, substitution puzzles, and conjunction fallacies. Part III explores the prospects of combining monads, with particular reference to these three cases. The authors show that the compositional properties of monads model linguistic intuitions about these cases particularly well. The book is an interdisciplinary contribution to Cognitive Science: These phenomena cross not just the boundary between semantics and pragmatics, but also disciplinary boundaries between Linguistics, Philosophy and Psychology, three of the major branches of Cognitive Science, and are here analyzed with techniques that are prominent in Computer Science, a fourth major branch. A number of exercises are provided to aid understanding, as well as a set of computational tools (available at the book's website), which also allow readers to develop their own analyses of enriched meanings.
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Salanova, Andres. Ergativity in Jê languages. Edited by Jessica Coon, Diane Massam, and Lisa Demena Travis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739371.013.43.

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Ergativity in Jê languages is generally associated to nominal or adjectival forms of the verb, strengthening the proposed link between nominalizations and ergativity (cf. Alexiadou 2001). Jê languages differ from some of the better-known languages with ergative nominalizations by the extent to which nominal forms of predicates are used in the former. In addition to being required in all contexts of subordination (i.e., finite subordination is virtually absent in the family), they are governed by a number of verbal modifiers, among which might be negation, manner predicates, and most aspectual auxiliaries. The present chapter explores this general pattern and describes in some detail the various modifiers that govern nominal forms of the verb, with particular attention to Mẽbengokre, a language from the northern branch of the family, spoken in the Brazilian Amazon. Cases of "insubordination" of nominal forms are also discussed.
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Surdam, David George. Should Antitrust Apply to Sports? 1957 and 1958. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039140.003.0006.

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This chapter focuses on the Congressional hearings conducted in 1957 and 1958 to address whether basketball, football, and hockey should be given a broad antitrust exemption similar to that of baseball. It first considers the introduction of different bills pertaining to professional sports and antitrust following the Supreme Court's ruling in Radovich v. NFL, with particular emphasis on antitrust legislation focusing on the National Football League (NFL), before discussing the farm systems in baseball and hockey pioneered by Branch Rickey of the St. Louis Cardinals. It also looks at the issue of the reserve clause and its effect upon competitive balance and concludes with an assessment of Congress's decision not to grant even partial antitrust exemptions for the reserve clause, draft, territorial rights, and commissioner powers in the NFL, National Basketball Association (NBA), and National Hockey League (NHL).
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23

Normore, Calvin. The Methodology of the History of Philosophy. Edited by Herman Cappelen, Tamar Szabó Gendler, and John Hawthorne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668779.013.17.

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What are the methodological consequences of the fact that Philosophy has a history and that Philosophy incorporates the products of the history of Philosophy into its current practice? Is an internal ‘philosophical’ history of Philosophy possible and desirable or is the history of Philosophy best approached as a branch of Intellectual History and/or Cultural History. This chapter first sketches some of the history of the study of philosophy’s past and contrasts some widely employed ‘doxological’, ‘anthropological’, and sociological approaches to that study with the approaches employed in a particular, historically recent discipline, History of Philosophy. It argues that History of Philosophy has a distinctive methodological structure which poises it interestingly between the disciplines of History and Philosophy and which can be usefully compared with, but is quite distinct from, that of the History of Science.
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24

Harden Fritz, Janie M. Communication Ethics and Virtue. Edited by Nancy E. Snow. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199385195.013.21.

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Virtue approaches to communication ethics have experienced a resurgence over the last decades. Tied to rhetoric since the time of Aristotle, virtue ethics offers scholars in the broad field of communication an approach to ethics based on character and human flourishing as an alternative to deontology. In each major branch of communication scholarship, the turn to virtue ethics has followed a distinctive trajectory in response to concerns about the adequacy of theoretical foundations for academic and applied work in communication ethics. Recent approaches to journalism and media ethics integrate moral psychology and virtue ethics to focus on moral exemplars, drawing on the work of Philippa Foot and Rosalind Hursthouse, or explore journalism as a MacIntyrean tradition of practice. Recent work in human communication ethics draws on MacIntyre’s approach to narrative, situating communication ethics within virtue structures that protect and promote particular goods in a moment of narrative and virtue contention.
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Crystal, David. Whatever Happened to Theolinguistics? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636647.003.0001.

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The branch of linguistics known as theolinguistics developed in the 1980s following two decades of popular and academic debate over the forms and functions of religious language. This paper describes the early initiatives, explains the nature of the contribution coming from linguistics, and draws a contrast between the hitherto very limited development of the subject by professional linguists and the large amount of descriptive and analytical work that still needs to be done. Particular attention is paid to the need for a global perspective, involving all languages, and to the role of pragmatics in explaining the choices made in religious discourse within individual languages. The approach is illustrated by a case study of the influence that the King James Bible had on English. The paper concludes by outlining the stages in a typical theolinguistic enquiry, and suggests that the subject has, after all, a future.
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Mason, Nicholas, and Tom Mole, eds. Romantic Periodicals in the Twenty-First Century. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474448123.001.0001.

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While the twenty-first century has brought a wealth of new digital resources for researching late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century serials, the subfield of Romantic periodical studies has remained largely inchoate. This collection sets out to begin tackling this problem, offering a basic groundwork for a branch of periodical studies that is distinctive to the concerns, contexts and media of Britain’s Romantic age. Featuring eleven chapters by leading experts on the subject, it showcases the range of methodological, conceptual and literary-historical insights to be drawn from just one of the era’s landmark literary periodicals, Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine. Drawing in particular on the trove of newly digitised content, specific essays model how careful analyses of the incisive and often inflammatory commentary, criticism and original literature from Blackwood’s first two decades (1817–37) might inform and expand many of the most vibrant contemporary discussions surrounding British Romanticism.
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Asadullah, M. Niaz, Nudrat Faria Shreya, and Zaki Wahhaj. Access to microfinance and female labour force participation. 30th ed. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/968-6.

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Although microfinance started as a movement to improve women’s economic well-being through increased female entrepreneurship in particular, its impact on women’s attitudes toward and participation in the labour market is not fully understood. We fill this gap by combining data on branch locations of the major microfinance institutions in Bangladesh with household survey data and implement a spatial regression discontinuity design. Our estimates suggest significant effects of access to credit on women’s work; attitudes towards gender, social and employment norms; and psychosocial well-being. Access to credit increases labour force participation in terms of paid employment and traditional economic participation. Relatedly, respondents are more likely to be prevented from working by their husbands or other household members. They are also more likely to express traditional beliefs in relation to gender, social, and employment norms. Finally, access to credit leads to a loss in life satisfaction, financial satisfaction, health satisfaction, and overall happiness.
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28

Jaffray, Robert 1854-1926. Jaffray Genealogy, Being an Account of a Branch of This Family Which Was Particularly Associated with Stirlingshire. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2021.

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Jaffray, Robert 1854-1926. Jaffray Genealogy, Being an Account of a Branch of This Family Which Was Particularly Associated with Stirlingshire. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2023.

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30

Watkins, Brandi, ed. Research Perspectives on Social Media Influencers and their Followers. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978728097.

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Research Perspectives on Social Media Influencers and their Followers argues that the brands that find the most success on social media are the ones that acknowledge the real key to social media marketing—it’s all about the followers. This collection, edited by Brandi Watkins, explores how social media has shifted power dynamics away from brands and toward the consumers themselves—the social media users who choose to like, share, and engage with brands online. This dynamic has paved the way for the rise of the social media influencer (SMI); a unique category of social media user who has a large platform and compelling content that attracts a number of loyal and devoted followers.. It’s the followers that make SMI relevant and appealing to brands as a marketing strategy. Contributors discuss emerging trends in research related to the SMI and their followers; as the influencer marketing industry continues to grow and evolve, they argue, so too should our understanding of the influencer-follower relationship that makes this marketing strategy successful. Each chapter of this collection presents a variety of research perspectives, questions, and methodologies that can be used to analyze this trend. Scholars of media studies, communication, technology studies, celebrity studies, marketing, and economics will find this book particularly useful.
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Timmermann, Jens. Kant's Will at the Crossroads. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896032.001.0001.

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Abstract What happens when human beings fail to do as reason bids? This book is an attempt to address this age-old question within Kant’s mature practical philosophy, i.e. the practical philosophy that emerged with the watershed discovery of autonomy in the mid-1780s. As always, Kant is good for a surprise. There is, it is argued, not one answer but two: he advocates Socratic intellectualism in the realm of prudence whilst defending an anti-intellectualist or volitional account of immoral action. This ‘hybrid’ theory of practical failure is more than a philosophical curiosity. There are ramifications for Kant’s theory of practical reason as a whole. In particular, the hybrid account emphasizes the divide between pure and empirical practical rationality to the extent that the latter, while containing practically relevant propositions, no longer counts as a branch of practical reason at all. Hypothetical and categorical imperatives exemplify two entirely distinct kinds of normativity. In fact, the dichotomy between pure and empirical determining grounds of the will goes hand in hand with many other dualisms and dichotomies that, whether we like them or not, continue to define Kant’s mature ethical thought.
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32

Vasylyshyna, Nataliia, ed. CURRENT THEORY AND PRACTICE ASPECTS OF LINGUISTICS, SOCIOLINGUISTICS AND METHODOLOGY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES AT UNIVERSITIES IN MODERN GLOBAL HIGHER EDUCATIONAL SPACE. RS Global Sp. z O.O., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal/052.

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The collective monograph "Current Theory and Practice Aspects of Linguistics, Sociolinguistics and Methodology of Foreign Languages at Universities in Modern Global Higher Educational Space" incorporates five sections developed on the results of the author's research. The main scientific and methodological developments of the foreign languages university teaching community are presented in the foreign mutual monograph, which are included in this collection. The manuscript, in particular, is devoted to the problems of language training of students of nonphilological specialties of the classical state university, which make up the vast majority of educational learners studying in Ukraine. Papers of the edition raise the issue of organizing effective foreign language learning realm in the realities of the modern world, which faced the need to introduce a digital tool in the frame of the educational process. Possibilities of using information computer technologies, social networks in the formation of written and oral speech skills, professionally oriented language learning, socio-cultural aspects of language, development of linguistic and cultural skills as well as local lore competences are studied for further advancements. This collection is aimed at scientific and pedagogical staff of higher education institutions, practical workers of the educational branch, scientists, students.
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Malecha, Gary Lee, and Daniel J. Reagan. The Congress. Greenwood, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400630606.

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This work will provide an authoritative and illuminating overview of the U.S. Congress, from the history of the Senate and the House of Representatives to the rules, procedures, and traditions that govern its operations and lawmaking. This volume provides a comprehensive survey of the history and inner workings of the United States Congress, the legislative branch of the federal government. It will explain its relationship to the other two branches of government (executive and judicial), detail the unique structures, responsibilities, and procedures of both houses of Congress, discuss major historical events and controversies, highlight particularly influential leaders in Congress from the earliest days of the Republic to the present, and show readers how the priorities of the U.S. Congress shift depending on whether it is held by the Democratic or Republican party. This book is part of ABC-CLIO's Student Guides to American Government and Politics series. Each volume in the series provides a student-friendly introduction to a distinct component of American governmental institutions and processes and shows how it pertains to American politics and the rights and responsibilities of citizenship.
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34

Robert F, Williams. Part III Structure of State Government, 11 The State Executive Branch. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195343083.003.0011.

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This chapter discusses the differences between the state executive branch created by state constitutions and the federal executive. In many states there is a plural or fragmented executive, with more than one state-wide elected official in addition to the governor, such as the attorney general, treasurer, commissioner of education, etc. Such additional executive officers perform constitutional functions separate and apart from the governor's constitutional functions. State executive officials such as the governor do not exercise plenary authority like that of the legislature. Rather, their authority is delegated either in the state constitution or by statute. A governor's use of executive orders is therefore limited to implementing constitutional or statutory powers. The chapter discusses the variety of gubernatorial veto powers, together with the judicial involvement in controversies over the exercise of this power. This judicial involvement is particularly important with respect to the item veto power. Further, some state constitutions create executive agencies, and specify their powers (often including quasi-executive, quasi-legislative, and quasi-judicial powers), thereby divesting the state legislature of authority in those subject areas.
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Mancosu, Paolo, Sergio Galvan, and Richard Zach. An Introduction to Proof Theory. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192895936.001.0001.

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Proof theory is a central area of mathematical logic of special interest to philosophy. It has its roots in the foundational debate of the 1920s, in particular, in Hilbert’s program in the philosophy of mathematics, which called for a formalization of mathematics, as well as for a proof, using philosophically unproblematic, “finitary” means, that these systems are free from contradiction. Structural proof theory investigates the structure and properties of proofs in different formal deductive systems, including axiomatic derivations, natural deduction, and the sequent calculus. Central results in structural proof theory are the normalization theorem for natural deduction, proved here for both intuitionistic and classical logic, and the cut-elimination theorem for the sequent calculus. In formal systems of number theory formulated in the sequent calculus, the induction rule plays a central role. It can be eliminated from proofs of sequents of a certain elementary form: every proof of an atomic sequent can be transformed into a “simple” proof. This is Hilbert’s central idea for giving finitary consistency proofs. The proof requires a measure of proof complexity called an ordinal notation. The branch of proof theory dealing with mathematical systems such as arithmetic thus has come to be called ordinal proof theory. The theory of ordinal notations is developed here in purely combinatorial terms, and the consistency proof for arithmetic presented in detail.
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Sloss, David L., ed. Is the International Legal Order Unraveling? Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197652800.001.0001.

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Abstract This book grows out of the work of a study group convened by the American Branch of the International Law Association. That group had a mandate to examine threats to the rules-based international order and possible responses. The several chapters in the book generally support the conclusion that the rules-based international order confronts significant challenges, but it is not unraveling—at least, not yet. Climate change is the biggest wild card in trying to predict the future. If the world’s major powers—especially the United States and China—cooperate with each other to combat climate change, then other threats to the rules-based order should be manageable. If the world’s major powers fail to address the climate crisis by 2040 or 2050, the other threats addressed in this volume may come to be seen as trivial in comparison. The book consists of fourteen chapters, plus an introduction. Three chapters address specific threats to the rules-based international order: climate change, autonomous weapons, and cyber weapons. Eight chapters address particular substantive areas of international law: jus ad bellum, jus in bello, trade law, investment law, anti-bribery law, human rights law, international criminal law, and migration law. The remaining chapters provide a range of perspectives on the past evolution and likely future development of the international legal order as a whole.
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Tierney, Stephen. The Federal Contract. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806745.001.0001.

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Abstract Federalism is a very familiar form of government, deployed by constitution-makers to manage diverse polities at various key stages in the history of the modern state. Despite its pervasiveness in practice, federalism has been strangely neglected by constitutional theory, tending to be subsumed within one default account of modern constitutionalism or treated as an exotic outlier—a sui generis model of the state rather than a form of constitutional ordering for the state. This neglect is both unsatisfactory in conceptual terms and problematic for constitutional practitioners, obscuring the core meaning, purpose, and applicability of federalism as a specific model of constitutionalism with which to organise territorially pluralised and demotically complex states. In fact, the federal contract represents a highly distinctive order of rule which requires a particular, ‘territorialised’ approach to core constitutional concepts: constituent power, the nature of sovereignty, subjecthood and citizenship, the relationship between institutions and constitutional authority, patterns of constitutional change, and ultimately the legitimacy link between constitutionalism and democracy. In rethinking the idea and practice of federalism, this book adopts a root and branch recalibration of the federal contract. It does so by analysing federalism through the conceptual categories which characterise the nature of modern constitutionalism: Foundations, Authority, Subjecthood, Purpose, Design, and Dynamics. This approach seeks to explain and in so doing revitalise federalism as a discrete, capacious, and adaptable concept of rule that can be deployed imaginatively to facilitate the deep territorial variety of so many states in the twenty-first century.
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Kemmerer, David. Concepts in the Brain. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190682620.001.0001.

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For most native English speakers, the meanings of words like “blue,” “cup,” “stumble,” and “carve” seem quite natural. Research in semantic typology has shown, however, that they are far from universal. Although the roughly 6,500 languages around the world have many similarities in the sorts of concepts they encode, they also vary greatly in how they partition particular conceptual domains, how they map those domains onto syntactic categories, which distinctions they force speakers to habitually track, and how deeply they weave certain notions into the fabric of their grammar. Although these insights from semantic typology have had a major impact on psycholinguistics, they have mostly been neglected by the branch of cognitive neuroscience that studies how concepts are represented, organized, and processed in the brain. In this book, David Kemmerer exposes this oversight and demonstrates its significance. He argues that as research on the neural substrates of semantic knowledge moves forward, it should expand its purview to embrace the broad spectrum of cross-linguistic variation in the lexical and grammatical representation of meaning. Otherwise, it will never be able to achieve a truly comprehensive, pan-human account of the cortical underpinnings of concepts. The book begins by elaborating the different perspectives on concepts that currently exist in semantic typology and cognitive neuroscience. Then it shows how a synthesis of these approaches can lead to a more unified understanding of several domains of meaning—specifically, objects, actions, and spatial relations. Finally, it explores multiple issues involving the interplay between language, cognition, and consciousness.
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Hotson, Howard. The Reformation of Common Learning. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199553389.001.0001.

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Howard Hotson’s previous contribution to this series, Commonplace Learning, explored how a fragmented political and confessional landscape turned the northwestern corner of the Holy Roman Empire into the pedagogical laboratory of post-Reformation Protestant Europe. This sequel traces the further evolution of that tradition after that region’s leading educational institutions were destroyed by the Thirty Years War (1618–1648) and their students and teachers scattered in all directions. Transplanted to the Dutch Republic, the post-Ramist tradition provided ideas, values, and methods which helped to formulate the mechanical philosophy of Descartes and institutionalize it within a network of thriving universities. Within the international diaspora of Protestant intellectuals documented in the archive of Samuel Hartlib, post-Ramist encyclopaedism provided much of the framework for the pansophic programme of Comenius, which assisted the initial spread of Baconianism and related aspirations both in England and abroad. In post-war central Europe, another branch of the tradition helped inspire Leibniz’s life-long vision of a revised combinatorial encyclopaedia as the centrepiece of a wide-ranging reform programme. But as the underlying political, confessional, educational, and intellectual context shifted after 1648, the ancient conception of the encyclopaedia as a cycle of disciplines to be mastered by every scholar exploded into a potentially infinite number of discrete topics organized alphabetically within a mere work of reference. This book weaves together many new lines of inquiry against a huge geographical and thematic canvas to contribute fresh perspectives on the fraught middle years of the seventeenth century in particular and the shape of modern knowledge more generally.
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Witting, Christian. 1. Overview of tort law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811169.003.0001.

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This chapter provides an overview of tort law. It explains that tort law is a branch of the law of obligations which imposes liability for the breach of norms of conduct based on the type of interest at stake and the degree of fault. It provides a brief history of tort law. It then moves on to discuss the rights and interests protected by tort. It also considers theoretical perspectives about the proper parameters of tort, particularly about the bases of tortious liability and about whether tort law should serve individual or social goals.
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Witting, Christian. 18. The rule in Rylands v Fletcher. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811169.003.0018.

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This chapter examines the rule in Rylands v Fletcher, which is probably the best-known example of a strict liability tort in English law. It explains that the rule in this case highlighted various elements of the tort, such as non-natural use and escape, which must be present before liability can be imposed. It discusses criticisms of the rule, particularly about whether it really amounts to an instance of strict liability in tort, and considers the recent judicial view that it is merely a sub-branch of the law of private nuisance.
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42

Shepherd-Barr, Kirsten E. 4. Salesmen, southerners, anger, and ennui. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199658770.003.0005.

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From 1940 to 1960 some of modern drama’s most famous plays were staged: Tennessee Williams’ A Streetcar Named Desire (1947) and Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman (1949), attaining a new kind of tragedy and a particularly American brand of realism; and, in London, Beckett’s Waiting for Godot (1955) and John Osborne’s Look Back in Anger (1956), introducing, respectively, the ‘theatre of the absurd’ and a new linguistic and emotional brutality, inaugurating an era of ‘kitchen sink’ realism. ‘Salesmen, southerners, anger, and ennui’ shows how these radically different dramas expanded plays’ subject matter as well as their formal and linguistic properties; in particular, they changed forever the way language (and silence) worked on stage.
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43

Dyer, Richard. Stars. British Film Institute, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781838710934.

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Through the intensive examination of films, magazines, advertising and critical texts, Dyer analyses the historical, ideological and aesthetic significance of stars, changing the way we understand screen icons. Paying particular attention to icons including Marlon Brando, Bette Davis, Marlene Dietrich, Marilyn Monroe and John Wayne.
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Costley White, Khadijah. Welcome to the Party. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879310.003.0001.

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This chapter lays out the Tea Party’s history as a mass-mediated construction in the context of journalism, political communication, and social movement studies. It argues that the news coverage of the Tea Party primarily chronicled its meaning, appeal, motivations, influence, and circulation—an emphasis on its persona more than its policies. In particular, the news media tracked the Tea Party as a brand, highlighting its profits, marketability, brand leaders, and audience appeal. The Tea Party became a brand through news media coverage; in defining it as a brand, the Tea Party was a story, message, and cognitive shortcut that built a lasting relationship with citizen-consumers through strong emotional connections, self-expression, consumption, and differentiation.
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45

Rowell, Geoffrey. The Ecclesiology of the Oxford Movement. Edited by Stewart J. Brown, Peter Nockles, and James Pereiro. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199580187.013.15.

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Ecclesiology is fundamental to an understanding of the Oxford Movement. The catalyst of the Movement was the political modification of the Anglican confessional state, which was a significant challenge to earlier Anglican understandings of the Church. In response, a distinctive Tractarian ecclesiology was developed in Christopher Wordsworth’s Theophilus Anglicanus, John Henry Newman’s via media ecclesiology, particularly in his Lectures on the Prophetical Office of the Church, William Palmer’s exposition of the ‘Branch Theory’ of the Church, W. G. Ward’s Ideal of a Christian Church, John Keble’s ‘Anglican theory of Church Unity’ and Robert Isaac Wilberforce’s theological understanding of the Church as the ‘extension of the Incarnation’.
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46

Corder, Frederick. The Orchestra and How to Write for It : A Practical Guide to Every Branch and Detail of Modern Orchestration: Including Full Particulars of All ... Exercises and Over Two Hundred Useful. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.

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47

A catalogue of a very valuable collection of books in all languages and every branch of literature, as well as the polite arts, containing several ... Particulary those of Thomas Williams. Gale ECCO, Print Editions, 2010.

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48

Edwards, Martin R. Employer Branding and Talent Management. Edited by David G. Collings, Kamel Mellahi, and Wayne F. Cascio. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198758273.013.7.

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This chapter explores the intersection between employer branding and talent management. In considering this intersection, it reflects upon the phenomenon of human resources (HR) practice differentiation in the context of both employer branding and talent management. In particular, it considers some similarities between brand management programs that are likely to differentiate HR practices based on perceived talent versus employer-brand segmentation that is more likely to differentiate HR practices on the basis of employee needs and wants. The chapter also reflects upon the potential implications for an organization’s employer brand and perceived employment offering when organizations take an object- versus subject-oriented approach to differentiating the workforce based on talent identification.
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49

Corder, Frederick. The Orchestra and How to Write for It : A Practical Guide to Every Branch and Detail of Modern Orchestration: Including Full Particulars of All ... Exercises and Over Two Hundred Useful Exam. Franklin Classics Trade Press, 2018.

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50

Corder, Frederick. The Orchestra and How to Write for It : A Practical Guide to Every Branch and Detail of Modern Orchestration: Including Full Particulars of All ... Exercises and Over Two Hundred Useful Exam. Franklin Classics, 2018.

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