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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Particulate matte, brake emissions, friction materials / Journal articles

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Journal articles on the topic 'Particulate matte, brake emissions, friction materials'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Storch, Lukas, Christopher Hamatschek, David Hesse, et al. "Comprehensive Analysis of Current Primary Measures to Mitigate Brake Wear Particle Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles." Atmosphere 14, no. 4 (2023): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14040712.

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Exhaust regulations and improved exhaust gas treatment systems have already initiated the trend that brings emissions from brakes and tires to the forefront of traffic-induced particulate matter. The health and environmental relevance of particulate matter has resulted in regulators, industry, and research institutions prioritising the mitigation of non-exhaust particle emissions. To this end, under the umbrella of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe World Forum for Harmonisation of Vehicle Regulations (UNECE WP.29), the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) mandated the P

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2

Vasiljević, Saša, Jovanka Lukić, Danijela Miloradović, and Jasna Glišović. "Driving cycles for studying brake wear particle emissions on an inertial brake dynamometer." Tribology and Materials 2, no. 1 (2023): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tribomat.2023.006.

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With the development of contemporary drive systems that have a lower or zero emission of exhaust products, a significant reduction in the harmful influence of traffic on the environment has been achieved, but today new pollutants have been identified on the vehicle. One of such non-exhaust pollutant are brakes whose wear can be a significant particulate matter (PM) contributor. Examining the mechanisms of the formation of particles during braking, and therefore, brake wear is becoming one of the important areas of research today. There are several tests and driving cycles that are applied duri

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3

Hamatschek, Christopher, Klaus Augsburg, David Schobel, et al. "Comparative Study on the Friction Behaviour and the Particle Formation Process between a Laser Cladded Brake Disc and a Conventional Grey Cast Iron Disc." Metals 13, no. 2 (2023): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13020300.

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Brake-wear particle emissions are the result of the components of a friction brake being in tribological contact, and they are classified as non-exhaust emissions. Since most of the emitted particles belong to the size classes of particulate matter (≤10 μm) and differ significantly in terms of their physico-chemical properties from automotive exhaust emissions, this source is of particular relevance to human health and, therefore, the focus of scientific studies. Previous studies have shown that coated brake discs offer significant wear and emission reduction potential. Nevertheless, no studie

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4

Hagino, Hiroyuki. "Brake Wear and Airborne Particle Mass Emissions from Passenger Car Brakes in Dynamometer Experiments Based on the Worldwide Harmonized Light-Duty Vehicle Test Procedure Brake Cycle." Lubricants 12, no. 6 (2024): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12060206.

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Brake wear particles, as the major component of non-exhaust particulate matter, are known to have different emissions, depending on the type of brake assembly and the specifications of the vehicle. In this study, brake wear and wear particle mass emissions were measured under realistic vehicle driving and full friction braking conditions using current commercial genuine brake assemblies. Although there were no significant differences in either PM10 or PM2.5 emissions between the different cooling air flow rates, brake wear decreased and ultrafine particle (PM0.12) emissions increased with the

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5

Jeong, Mu Hyeok, Won Cheol Shin, Yoon-Suk Oh, et al. "Dynamometric Investigation on Airborne Particulate Matter from Automobile Brake: Impact of Disc Materials on Brake Emission Factor." Lubricants 11, no. 12 (2023): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11120526.

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In this work, we evaluated the impact of disc rotors of gray cast iron (GCI), nitrocarburized (NC), and superhard ceramic-coated (SCC) GCI on the brake wear PM emissions of passenger vehicles using dynamometric measurements. The brake emission factor (BEF) of the SCC was greatly reduced by more than a factor of 1/5 compared with those for the GCI and NC for both low-steel and non-steel friction materials. Surface topological and microstructural analyses confirmed that more severe wear was pronounced for the NC rotor compared with the SCC, as evidenced by large concave pits in the wear tracks.

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6

Imran, Al Ichlas, Januar Parlaungan Siregar, Mohd Ruzaimi Mat Rejab, et al. "Opportunities and challenges in the sustainable integration of natural fibers and particles in friction materials for eco-friendly brake pads." Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry 4, no. 3 (2024): 337–67. https://doi.org/10.31603/mesi.12271.

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The high concentration of metallic components in the pad composite improves breaking ability at elevated temperatures and frequencies, bolstering the automobile's braking system. The brake pad operates through friction mechanisms, generating PM 10 and PM 2.5 particulate matter that is emitted into the atmosphere, adversely affecting the well-being of humans and animals. Therefore, eco-friendly materials like natural fiber and organic particles are being used as substitutes for the metal in brake pads. However, natural fibers and particles exhibit unique characteristics when interacting with ot

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7

Kim, Sung-Hun, Mu Hyeok Jeong, Jaegyeom Kim, et al. "Dynamometric Investigation on Airborne Particulate Matter (PM) from Friction Materials for Automobile: Impact of Abrasive and Lubricant on PM Emission Factor." Lubricants 9, no. 12 (2021): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants9120118.

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Reduction of non-exhaust airborne particulate matter (PM), leading to adverse effects in respiratory system, is an urgent task. In this work, we evaluated the impact of raw materials in friction materials on PM emission due to brake wear for passenger vehicle. Time- and temperature-dependent measurements using dynamometer were made for low-steel friction materials with varied abrasives and lubricant(graphite). The brake emission factor (BEF) for graphite of varied sizes ranged from 6.48 to 7.23 mg/km/vehicle. The number concentration indicates that smaller graphite (10 μm) produces more nano-s

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8

Yoo, Jaesang, and Youngze Lee. "An Experimental Study on the Fine Particle Emissions of Brake Pads According to Different Conditions Assuming Vehicle Deceleration with Pin-on-Disc Friction Test." Applied Sciences 14, no. 3 (2024): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14031000.

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Fine particles from vehicles occur in a range of particulate matter (PM) sizes and influence the roadside atmosphere. The contribution of fine dust from automobiles to road pollution has reportedly been extremely high. Researchers have estimated that non-exhaust fine dust originating from brakes, tires, clutches, and road surface wear rate is increasing. Several studies have shown that brake pads account for a significant proportion of non-exhaust emissions. In this study, a friction test using vehicle brake pads was carried out with a friction tester to reveal the harmfulness of brake pad par

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9

Rajaei, Hossein, Sasan Amirabdollahian, Cinzia Menapace, Giovanni Straffelini, and Stefano Gialanella. "Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Fe3Al Coating on Grey Cast Iron Prepared via Direct Energy Deposition." Lubricants 11, no. 11 (2023): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11110477.

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In this study, the potential of Fe3Al coating material as an environmentally friendly alternative to coatings containing critical elements for brake discs was investigated. A buffer layer of Cr–Mo steel (Ferro 55) that was about 500 µm thick was applied on a gray cast iron disc to enhance the coating quality and prevent the formation of hot cracks during solidification. The microstructural analysis of the cross-section of the coating showed that the buffer layer diffused into the Fe3Al coating, forming a combination of Fe3Al, Fe, and Fe3AlC0.5 phases. The tribological properties of the Fe3Al-c

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10

Alemani, M., J. Wahlström, V. Matějka, et al. "Scaling effects of measuring disc brake airborne particulate matter emissions – A comparison of a pin-on-disc tribometer and an inertia dynamometer bench under dragging conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 232, no. 12 (2018): 1538–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650118756687.

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An important contributor to non-exhaust emissions in urban areas is airborne particulate matter originating from brake systems. A well-established way to test such systems in industry is to use inertia dynamometer benches; although they are quite expensive to run. Pin-on-disc tribometers, on the other hand, are relatively cheap to run, but simplify the real system. The literature indicates promising correlations between these two test stands with regard to measured airborne number distribution. Recent studies also show a strong dependency between the airborne number concentration and the disc

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11

Song, Wansu, Jaehyun Gweon, Jongsung Park, et al. "Effects of abrasive particles on the particulate matter emission of brake friction composites." Wear 504-505 (September 2022): 204436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2022.204436.

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12

Dědková, Kateřina, Marcus Morbach, Jakub Výravský, et al. "Nanocomposite Kaolin/TiO2 as a Possible Functional Filler in Automotive Brake Pads." Journal of Nanomaterials 2018 (November 21, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9780894.

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An automotive friction brake pad is a complex system consisting of several components with unique and balanced properties related to operation conditions. There are efforts to develop brake pads with longer lifetime and better friction performance and wear properties. Those properties are related to composition of the pads, and therefore, new materials are being evolved. Tuning the friction and wear properties can be achieved with the selection of a functional filler and optimizing its amount in a formulation of friction brake pad. Laboratory-developed and laboratory-prepared nanocomposite mat

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13

Sanuddin, A. B., S. Kosarieh, C. A. Gilkeson, P. C. Brooks, and D. C. Barton. "Airflow Simulation and Measurement of Brake Wear Particle Emissions with a Novel Test Rig." Jurnal Kejuruteraan si3, no. 1 (2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2020-si3(1)-15.

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Particle emissions generated by the braking systems of road vehicles represents a significant non-exhaust contributor. Fine particles such as these are transported through airborne routes. They are known to adversely affect human health and currently there are no policies in place to regulate them. Before this issue can be addressed, it is important to characterise brake wear debris which is the purpose of this study. A newly-developed test rig consisting of a closed but ventilated enclosure surrounds a brake dynamometer equipped with a cast iron rotor. A sampling probe was made in accordance

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14

Jayashree, Priyadarshini, Emiliano Rustighi, and Giovanni Straffelini. "A novel study on the reduction of non-exhaust particulate matter emissions through system vibration control." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11703-w.

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AbstractThe need to reduce non-exhaust particulate matter emissions is of paramount importance as they pose repercussions on human lives and the environment. In this study, a novel way to limit emissions is proposed based on the minimization of the vibration of the mating bodies. Two model friction material formulations were tested in the form of pins and paired with a pearlitic grey cast iron disc counterface in a laboratory pin on disc apparatus. To reduce the vibrations, a damping tape was wrapped around the pins. With the damping of vibration, a significant drop in the emissions was record

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15

Parse, Durgesh, and Ashok Keche. "Additively Manufactured Functionally Graded Natural Fiber Composites for Enhanced Eco-Friendly Electric Vehicle Brake Pads." International Journal on Science and Technology 16, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.71097/ijsat.v16.i2.6679.

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The burgeoning electric vehicle (EV) market necessitates innovative solutions for sustainable and high- performance components. Traditional brake pads often utilize materials with significant environmental footprints and may contribute to particulate matter pollution. This research paper explores the development of additively manufactured, functionally graded natural fiber composites (FG-NFCs) for enhanced eco-friendly EV brake pads. By strategically varying the concentration and type of natural fibers (e.g., flax, hemp, cellulose) within a polymer matrix (e.g., PLA, PHA) using advanced additi

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16

Sinha, Ankur, Stefano Candeo, Giovanni Straffelini, and Stefano Gialanella. "TEM characterization of particulate matter emissions from the bedding stage of a Cu-free brake friction material." Tribology International, July 2023, 108832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2023.108832.

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