Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Partis politiques – France – 1990-2020'
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Colange, Céline. "Réalignements et désalignements du vote en France : 1981-2005." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL553.
Full textIn an often marked context of "nationalization" of the electoral behaviour, the mapping of the votes at the end of the recent polls, translate a clear reorganization of the distribution of the votes. To a misalignment on traditional regional or sociological cleavages based upon left force / right forces opposition succeeded realignment in favour related to the regional or sociological opposition. This research emphasizes the strong socio-spatial structure of the voting behaviour with a particular focus on those in favour of new political parties who are building their identity and their speech in reference to a territorial concept. Our problematic consist to dread the recent evolutions of the French electoral map to a fine geographic scale: the canton and the municipality. This innovative method allows to make the link with the social data but also to place in prominent position various imperceptible spatial effects on the scale of the department or of the country. By reconciling the ecological approach as well as the methods and the tools of the quantitative geography anf the spatial analysis, this study proposes some tracks of reflection to understand the strong territorialization of the votes observed in France
Russ, Sabine. "Republik der Amtsinhaber : Politikfinanzierung als Herausforderung liberaler Demokratien am Beispiel Frankreichs und seiner Reformen von 1988 und 1990 /." Baden-Baden : Nomos, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37315001m.
Full textAUBOURG, ODILE. "Analyse des emblemes des partis gaulliste et socialiste symboles d'une politique, 1946 a 1986." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100163.
Full textIn the course of ages, owing to changes in cultures and ideas, the political ritual is conveyed through a particular symbolic language. This essay tends to set forth a body of political rites assigned to this essay tends to set forth a body of political rites assigned to outmanoeuvre the parties tricks, to pull the strings of power. This research has been carried out on the basis of a 151 posters visual corpus. In order to bring to sound outcomes, the analysis has been restricted to the main periods of 1946 - 1986 political hostory : the presidential and parliamentary electoral dives. At the time, there is no strict methology allowing the reading, understanding and interpreting of the political poster language. The objectiveness of our undertaking is built upon the implementation of a semantic deciphering pattern. We have made use of for criterion-based patterns which are : sign "reference" the images of the emblem - sign "banner" the discursive components - sign " meeting " the iconic components - sign ""fixing" the iconic and textuel code. The composition of posters is summed up according to the method of the four signs crossing. . . The feeling of symbol is incompatible with the coomon spectator attitude, it requires participating as an actor. Political life is turned into a play by posters influence. The political representation, opera, drama or middle-class farce, is marked by the current process of imbodiness
Frémont, Jean-Pierre. "La quadrature du centre : histoire du centre en France de 1945 à 1998." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010317.
Full textContemporary, few historians in political families talked about the centre; however, those from the left and right parties are subjected to a plentiful literature including many masterly works. Nevertheless, for the centre, we can notice a domination of an historical explosion. The writers through the parties and trends considered the question, which gives a break up vision of this one. At the conclusion of this study about the centre party in france from 1945 to nowadays, we can notice that this subject is still ambiguous. During this period, it didn't exist a unique and identified party on political affairs, but many centres or even successive or concomitant avatars of the centre
Dubois, Mathieu. "Génération politique : engagement, politisation et mobilisation dans les organisations de jeunesse des partis politiques en RFA et en France (1966-1974)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040035.
Full textThe « 1968s » witnessed not only the emergence of a radical youth, but also an unprecedented politicization of a whole generation. In the United States as in Europe, young people on the left and the right became massively involved in politics, making the political parties and their youth organizations the first beneficiaries of the youth’s politicization. The study of the main political youth organizations in West Germany (Junge Union, Jungsozialisten) and in France (MJCF, UJP) highlights the deep transformation of the political culture sparked off by this influx of young members between 1966 and 1974. Even before the student movement, a new model of organization based on more autonomy developed along with the rise of “catch-all-parties”. After “68”, the organizations forged a new identity by taking a progressive stand, proclaiming their faith in the imminence of a social change. Attempting to mobilize massively the youth, they transformed their internal organization increasing the role of the activist base, accelerating the democratization and the rationalization of their functioning, developing the militancy and the propaganda. The exceptional political rise of their leaders made the youth organizations a major pathway to a political career. Thus, by initiating radical changes in the organization of activism, in the political culture and in the management of the democracy, this generation was par excellence a political generation
Klenjánszky, Sarolta. "Les relations politiques et culturelles du régime communiste hongrois avec la gauche française dans la Guerre froide (1945-1981)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0020.
Full textHungarian communists adopted the Soviet vision that France was the weak link in the Western camp, this led them to reserve an important place to the FCP and, from 1953 on, to other French political parties in their foreign policy. Considering also the leading role played in the opening process of the Warsaw Pact towards social democracy by the liberal nomenclature, which had taken over the country after 1956, relations between the Hungarian communist regime and the French Left deserve consideration. The thesis presents this relationship, which was the blind spot of the historian production, in the changing contexts of Hungarian and French politics and of international relations. The dissertation focuses on cultural relations in the light of cultural voluntarism of the Hungarian regime and of the influence of the Communist Party on intellectuals. The second aim is epistemological: the thesis opens the question about the possibility to analyze the relationship between a party state and political parties, which are of lower rank, in the international context of the Cold War. These relationships were important for power as a way to legitimize its political orientation and to increase its room for manoeuvre on international level. Especially, the Franco-Hungarian reconciliation generated tensions in relations with the PCF. These were mitigated however by the convergence of views of the French and Hungarian party directions and the ability of the latter to involve Communists in the opening process while using rivalry between the FCP and the SP. The thesis is based on research in the Hungarian and French archives, the review of newspapers and magazines and interviews
Hachimi-Alaloui, Myriam. "L'épreuve de l'exil : le cas des Algériens installés en France et au Québec." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0119.
Full textFack, Gabrielle. "Formation des inégalités, politiques du logement et ségrégation résidentielle." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0085.
Full textThis thesis on housing inequalities is organized in two main parts. The first part analyses the efficiency of housing policies that aim at providing low income households with affordable housing. We propose an evaluation of the incidence of housing benefits on rents by exploiting a reform that extended the benefits in the 1990's. Our estimations show that they have led to an increase in rents. The second part studies how housing markets contribute to create educational inequalities. We first analyse theoretically the effect of strict school zoning on residential stratification and educational inequalities. We then estimate empirically the impact of public schools' performance on housing prices. We find a modest but significant effect of middle school performance on housing prices in Paris. We also show that the presence of private schools in the neighbourhood tends to attenuate the impact of public schools
Matei, Silviu. "Romania at voting age : 18 years of electoral change in post-communism." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0057.
Full textHow does the electoral scene looks in Romania after the first 18 years of democracy? How did the Romanians vote at the first six free elections? The purpose of this study is, first, to measure the degree of stabilisation of the party system using four classic indicators: the electoral fragmentation, volatility, the polarisation and the level of abstention. Then, using ecological regression models, we analyse the social and contextual determinants of turnout in Romania based on aggregated data at the commune level. What are the variables that have the greatest influence on abstention? The statistical model includes demographic variables (age, education, ethnic fragmentation, urbanisation level) and systemic and contextual variables (level of turnout at previous elections, local electoral polarisation and fractionalisation, vote share of the winner and looser parties at the previous elections). Ecological inference analyses are used to support the results. Finally, we determine the major axes of social divisions and their electoral alignments. To this end, we use a model of geometric data analysis (PCA), geostatistical methods and electoral geography
Lechaux, Bleuwenn. "Scènes et répertoires des engagements des mondes du théâtre : une comparaison New York-Paris." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G037.
Full textThis research deals with theatre professionals’ involvements in political causes, in France and the United States (mainly Paris and New York), specifically since the 1990s. Our main argument consists in demonstrating that the involvements of theatre artists are professionally structured. This questioning enables us to cast light both on involvements through the prism of theatre professions, and on theatre professions through the prism of involvements. The thesis aims to demonstrate that the types (« professional », « peri-professional », « extra-professional »), the modalities (individual, collective) and the forms of involvements (petition, artistic street action, « activist » play, « political » play) can be explored through the lens of the double positioning of artists, both in the theatre field (professional hierarchies, differentiated systems of legitimization and artistic recognition, etc. ), and within their artistic career (beginning of career, « ascending career », well-established career). By inviting analysis of transversal and idiosyncratic realities, comparative research enables us to put theoretical hypotheses to the test, and, thereby, makes possible the transition from a descriptive to an analytical point of view. The architecture of the thesis combines the dimensions of the professional structuration of involvement in different ways : first, the macro-structural level, both historic and spatial (part I) ; then, the level of trajectories and professional and involvement careers (part II) ; and finally, the level of the artistic forms of involvement (part III)
Roux, Jean-Christophe. "Analyse comparative de l'émergence du multipartisme dans les 15 républiques indépendantes de l'ex-URSS de 1989 à 1999." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081997.
Full textBachelot, Carole. ""Groupons-nous et demain" : sociologie des dirigeants du Parti socialiste depuis 1993." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0034.
Full textAvanza, Martina. "Les « purs et durs de Padanie » : ethnographie du militantisme nationaliste à la Ligue du Nord (Italie), 1999-2002." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0035.
Full textThis Ph. D. Studies 'the padanian nationalism, which was invented by the Lega Nord in 1995. This Italian political party want to obtain the autonomy of the northern regions, renamed Padania, from the rest of the country. To fight the lack of legitimacy of the padanian claim (there is no padanian historical, linguistic or religious specificity), their partisans hardly try to construct a «padania identity». Their voluntarism exposes the mechanism at work in the identity claims. That is why this subject allows us to do an almost experimental research on nation building. Most of the studies on the construction of identity are limited to discourse analysis. If I decided to do an ethnographic fieldwork within the partisans of the padanian cause, is precisely because I wanted to embody my approach to this nationalism by paying attention to the militant's practical experiences and to their careers (23 individual careers are reconstructed)
Bréhier, Emeric. "Les revues politiques de la gauche non communiste de 1958 à 1986." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010268.
Full textChauvel, Séverine. "Des politiques aux pratiques d'orientation : enquête ethnographique dans deux collèges de banlieue." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0003.
Full textThe school counselling procedure, taking place at the end of middle school, is a major educational and social filter that pupils have to go through in their early educational life. School counselling pratices, wich have been evolving in time admist various institutional frameworks, are now at the center of teacher's daily work and constitutive of the policies for a general increase in the duration of studies and better educational equity. This thesis is based on an ethnographic study that took place over two years within two middle schools of the same city, in the suburbs of Paris, and within the families of the pupils. Its aim is to show the necessity to take into account both the social background and the locally available educational opportunities in order to understand the mechanisms that underlie the choices of educational carrers made by pupils. The thesis reveals various sources of tension between the practitioners of school counselling. They arise in particular because pupil guidance is a vector of the evaluation culture and a major stake in the context of competition between schools, wich appears more organized by the institution itself than a consequence of a strategy of the families. In cautiousness from the pupils and their families, wich translates into an educational disinflation that impacts their career objectives. Parental strategies derive from various forms of resistance or mobilization, wich, in addition to being gender dependent, vary also depending on the cultural capital that is available to the families and hence tends to draw borders between different social and ethical groups
Pinet, Nicolas. "La politique au-delà de la vie politique : pratiques et représentations de la citoyenneté chez les jeunes adultes à Santiago du Chili, New York et Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0047.
Full textThe first step of the analysis shows that the three polities are organized around the same political principles, with a central role given to the individual and the citizen in foundational discourses. We called this common representation background a "contractualist model". But beyond this shared matrix, data analysis shows substantial national difference regarding a couple of key issues like perceptions of inequalities, conceptions of citizenship and repertories of political actions. I propose an interpretation in terms of national political cultures typified as predominantly liberal (United Stats) republican (France) or mixed (Chile). In-depth interviews conducted with young adults (25-34 years old) in the 3 cities are analyzed within the conceptual framework previously built. It appears thus that the conceptions of citizenship they evoke most frequently associate rather than oppose the figures of the individual and the citizen: ideals of social transformation and personal accomplishment are conceived as walking hand in hand (circular logic). It also appears that for these young adults, the political realm goes well beyond political life. 2/3 of the interviewees claim actions they call political even if they show no relation with the sphere of government proper. I refer to these action "immediate practices of citizenship" as opposed to practices of citizenship that aim at social change through the mediation of the sphere of government ("mediate practices"). Claiming immediate practices of citizenship challenges the representaion of politics as an autonomous and overhanging sphere of power and repoliticize the social realm
Dietrich-Ragon, Pascale. "Le logement intolérable : habitants et pouvoirs publics face à l'insalubrité." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0031.
Full textFor a few years, the housing issue and, within it, the damaged housing question, has been appearing the news. In Paris, a voluntarism policy against insaIubrity has been set up since 2002. 11us thesis focuses on 'the "careers" of those living in houses targeted by such policy. It studies the movement of this population from one house to another, but also its experiences and specific relationships to institutions. This thesis is based both on a survey, done twice in two years, with a sample of more than 500 people living in poor conditions, and on an ethnographical work. Between the lines, this work questions social policies based on emergency, which focus on marginal problems, and on their more extreme manifestations
Gravereau, Sophie. "Artistes de Belleville : entre monde de l'art et territoires urbains." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0096.
Full textRecent studies have highlighted the role of artists in the social and urban evolution of certain neighbourhood of big cities: artists are often considered to be the instigators or even the main actors of the renewal of these areas which were previously mostly working-class districts. Artists deciding to move to Belleville, a former working-class area in north-east Paris, have progressively changed the face of the neighbourhood. Architecturally they have participated in the renovation of numerous run down industrial buildings, sometimes with the help of local associations and then the local government. Economically, artists established in the former boutiques of artisans have sometimes led to the transformation of the commercial landscape of certain roads in the neighbourhood. Finally, from a sociological point of view, the presence of artists, has promoted the district through artistic attractions and the organisation of cultural events, thus contributing to the transformation of the local fabric and encouraging a new, wealthier population to settle in the area. This local role, promoted by the numerous artistic associations of artists in Belleville, is also supported by the local government as it seeks an additional way to put the finishing touches to its policy of urban renewal in the working class neighbourhoods. These artistic associations have been instrumental in both the urban and social renewal, nevertheless they are often forgotten in artistic and cultural politics. The artists of Belleville therefore wonder what is at stake in this new urban role which calls into question their status as creators and their artistic identity. The aim of this thesis is to clarify the implications of being an artist in Belleville nowadays and the ways in which they have participated, actively or passively, in the evolution and transformation of the neighbourhood
Colmar, Matthieu. "Gaullisme et gaullistes en Haute Normandie (1969-1992)." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR149/document.
Full textOver the past few years, many works have been done on “French Gaullism” as well as on “partisan gaullists”. Besides the numerous studies on French Général de Gaulle, these works focused mostly on the political party which claimed the political ideas of the man who called to resistance with the “Appeal of 18 June”. What will be primarly explored in this work is the era which followed the Général’s resignation from power on the 27 april 1969, up to the year 1992, which saw, at a national level, the French Maastricht Treaty referendum divide gaullists on the European issue, as well as, at a local level, the election of Antoine Rufenacht as head of region, following another gaullist, Roger Fossé. Our approach here is therefore quite original as it is a territorial study of a political party, and it explores the regional example of Haute-Normandie. As a result, our analysis will combine different scales of observation, from national to municipal, as well as regional, local and district scales. Thus, one of our main goal is to question ourselves on the singularity of the Normandy region, compared to the national standard. A close examination of the regional adherent structures will allow us to illuminate the organisation of a local political party, and to evaluate the possible independence from the national structure. Finally, we will discuss the state of “French Gaullism”, one generation after the retirement of its leader, through the exploration of references to the Général de Gaulle, of the “gaullist” movement itself, as well as of the evolution of its fondamental principles. Furthermore, the emerging of a new french political actor in the mid-1980s, the far-right party “Front National”, forces those who refer as “gaullists” to adapt to this new political polarisation. In order to conduct this study beyond the usual sources, that is to say press articles, rare sources, that have never been used before, will be put under scrutiny. As a result, we will benefit from reports by the « Renseignements Généraux », which are decisive to clearly define what political life means inside a political party, at a local scale. Moreover, privates archives and oral files will allow us to provide a fresh look on the “gaullist” party and its members
Codaccioni, Vanessa. "Punir les opposants : une sociologie historique des "procès politiques" : les interactions répressives entre le PCF et l'État (1947-1962)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010309.
Full textGórczyńska, Magdalena. "Zmiany zróznicowan spolecznych i przestrzennych w wybranych dzielnicach Warszawy i aglomeracji paryskiej : dynamika i aktorzy." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010569.
Full textFulla, Mathieu. "Le Parti socialiste face à la question économique (1945-1981) : une histoire économique du politique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://www.cairn.info/les-socialistes-francais-et-l-economie--9782724618600.htm.
Full textWhile the french right still enjoys the presumption of innocence in economic matters, the left continues to be bound to an era of suspicion. The pervasive cliché of the left's poor performance is deeply rooted in the collective unconscious of french political life. Based on this observartion the objective of this dissertation is to discuss that representation by developing two methodological lines. The first aims to fill a gap in french historiography. The study of the relationship between the French socialist parties and economic issues remains a blind spot. The second line deals with epistemological issues. To our knowledge, there is no available research to study both ideological production, political uses and the role of experts in the economic strategies of a french political party in the second half of the 20th century. Such a gap is problematic: since the second world war the legitimacy of political power has been increasingly based on economic competence. Therefore the role of the economy within a party claiming to remain faithful to the principles of marxism such as the socialist party deserves careful examination
Gosselin, Ronald. "Les almanachs républicains : traditions révolutionnaires et culture politique des couches populaires de Paris (1840-1851)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17628.
Full textDesvignes, Arnaud. "Vers l’autonomie des universités en France. Les acteurs universitaires, politiques et syndicaux face à la réforme (1968-1984)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040219.
Full textOur project strives for pondering the conditions for gradually implementing self-governance in the French universities. From this point of view however, the time frame spanning 1968 to 1984 is apparently a great opportunity for reflection. In fact the laws advocated by the Ministers Faure and Savary can be considered as the first steps towards practical autonomy of the universities.. History shows abundantly that despite republican reforms passed by the end of the 19th century, until 1968 the French higher education systems remained dependent on the “Colleges’ tyranny” established by Napoleon in 1808. A description of the French education system before 1968 will shed light on the administrative burdens on the universities, which may have aroused a willingness to change in some individuals. But in most cases, a reform derives from a trade-off whose origin may be tracked by historians. For such a quest, the sources of information flow from politicians of the time, or from their assistants, from academics or from teachers unions: proceedings of the Parliament or the Senate, reports from ministerial staffs, university bodies, ex post facto oral evidence etc…Confronting the material should allow one to gauge the part played in the reform preparation process by the various stakeholders, according to their function and mindset
Gauthier, Pascale. "Les Espagnols à Paris et le Service social d'Aide aux émigrants de 1945 aux années 1980 : le parcours des "Esparisiens" dans la capitale." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0081.
Full textThe study of 695 personal files, drawn up by the social workers of the S. S. A. E (. Social Services of Assistance to Emigrants) between 1945 and the 1980s and concerning the Spanish community makes it possible to recreate the life of 1868 people who lived in Paris over that period. Migration and social policies become apparent. The description of these individual developments helps us to understand the integration of the Spanish emigrants, the hardships they encountered and the success they achieved. Work, housing and family life have been the first stages of this adaptation. Other sources complete the analysis of the integration of the Spanish community as a whole living in Paris through their political, trade union and cultural life as they opened up to the Parisians. The latter have learnt to acknowledge and to appreciate them
Reguer-Petit, Manon. "Bifurcations familiales et socialisations politiques : une comparaison des femmes en famille nucléaire, monoparentale et recomposée." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0015.
Full textIn a context of diversification of family structures, this thesis begins by analyzing the impact of familial turning points on the political socialization of women. In addition, it provides an understanding of how these turning points impact the way women see themselves as agents of socialization for their children or stepchildren. This study is based on a twofold comparison in France: on the one side, an examination of three different family structures (nuclear families, single-parent families and stepfamilies) and, on the other side, a comparison of associative and non-associative contexts. A quantitative analysis of ERFI data provided by INED complements the use of several qualitative methods: an ethnographic study within three associations and an interview study carried out with 88 women, mothers in nuclear or single-parent families and stepfamilies. The results of this thesis show that family structures influence the political socialization process of women. Experiences of family blending, and even more those of separation, arouse the transformation of socialization among women. These transformations are marked by a change in their values regarding family and gender roles, their perception of justice as well as of familial and social policies. They finally affect women’s attitude toward the political offer. Family trajectory therefore impacts the way women see themselves as agents of socialization. The analysis demonstrates that family structure influences what women want to pass on to their children or stepchildren, the way they do it and their degree of intentionality
Méraud, Nathalie. "Patrimoine et Plan local d'urbanisme à Paris : A nouvelles protections, nouveaux patrimoines ? (2001-2006)." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070040.
Full textOctober 2001, the city of Paris creates the concept of the Local Plan of Urban Planning (LPUP), in replacement of the older Occupation Plan of Grounds. The LPUP must determine the use and occupation of grounds for the next ten to twenty years. Due to the evolution of the concept of heritage on one of the hand, and urban politics on the other hand, the LPUP of Paris, in accordance to the article L. 123-1 §7° of the Town Planning code, can now identify and protect the built heritage. The city invites Parisians, in particular via the new district Council and residents associations, to take part in the construction of LPTP. In June 2006, at the conclusion of a vast dialogue and public Survey which follows, it is not less than 6000 goods that are protected under the title of « Protections Ville de Paris » (Protections from the City of Paris) (PVP). These goods, because they where reported important regarding the history of Parisian architecture, will have to be valorized. Moreover, they're demolition is forbidden by the rule of LPUP. These 6000 PVP are to be brought closer to 1800 other goods already protected under the title of Historical Monuments in Paris. If these last named goods are recognized as most prestigious, and of a national scale, the PVP as put in value an heritage, admittedly local and more modest, but which the participation to the construction of Paris is obvious
Liatard, Séverine. "Colette Audry (1906-1990) : une femme intellectuelle au XXe siècle : engagements et identités." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010600.
Full textChaffel, Alain. "Les communistes de la Drôme : de l'euphorie de la Libération à la désillusion du printemps 1981." Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO20025.
Full textOnce a stronghold of the pcf (french communist party) at the liberation, the drome became a weak link in 1981. During four decades the communist members' and voters' geographical location changed while keeping some basic features. Relying on rural groups at the liberation the pcf gradually became more urban, but the communist density in underpriviledged rural areas was always higher. The pcf remained a party of working class male adults. The workers were always in greater numbers. However the impact of workers and farmers lessened in favour of employees, as the middle classes gained more influence, especially the teaching profession who took the lion's share. More women were entering the party too. The control from the centre as regards the appointment of the federal secretary and the key role played by the candidature commission in the choice of the members of the federal committee remained the rule. The machinery was consistently under the control of a group of seasoned leaders. Nevertheless the necessity to replace former leaders by other reliable elements resulted in handing over the controls to the militants' own children. The way members looked at themselves, at the party at society and the world at large hardly changed - except for the years 1978-1981 - but communism in the drome was never monolithic. The geographical location, the sex, the occupation, the year one joined the party or the family background shaped several types of militants. Is this local form of communism lacking in originality ? of course the answer is twofold. The answer is yes if one considers but the pcf main political lines or the principal aspects of militancy. The answer is no if one is interested in the members' behaviour and sociology
Dannon, William. "Politiques publiques ; esquisse d’une analyse des mécanismes des choix publics face à la globalisation : enjeux politiques et sociaux des relations entre l’État et le groupe ArcelorMittal dans le bassin sidérurgique lorrain de 2012 à 2017." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0234.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the closure of the last two blast furnaces of Lorraine by ArcelorMittal company. For that purpose, it examines the workers' struggle of Florange and endeavors to understand the inability of the candidate François Hollande, who became President of France on may 6th 2012, to keep the election promise he made to the steel workers of ArcelorMittal during the campaign for the presidential election of 2012. Within this framawork, we develop an epistemological model that combines the cognitive analysis approach of public policies with an neo-institutionalism perspective. The interest of a such method is to try to overcome the opposition inherent to these two approaches by proposing an articulation between policies and politics. It’s therefore a question of understanding how the actors involved in this conflict analyze, interpret and give meaning to their action, without neglecting the importance of political and institutional factors that structured the decision-making process. The first result of this thesis reveals that the emergence of the social problem is consubstantial with the formation of the social actors collective’s identity. The second result is that the public choices made by the government in this affair, reflect the specific conception of French President François Hollande and his Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault regarding the role of the State on the public policies scenes. More fundamentally, the public choices made by the government fit very clearly into the neo-liberal policy defended by the European Union, and routinized for decades as practice and ‘’way of doing things’’ in all its committees. Consequently, the policies of the Members State at national level, are affected by the constraints of « path dependence » of the European Union
Mainsant, Gwénaëlle. "L'État et les illégalismes sexuels : ethnographie et sociohistoire du contrôle policier de la prostitution à Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0070.
Full textCombining ethnographic, press, and archival materials, this thesis offers a socio-historical and sociological analysis of the police control of prostitution in Paris between 1946 and 2008. From the perspective of the police, the thesis highlights the absence of a unified and coherent sexual policy. The sociohistory of the vice squad shows that the issue of “vice” in the police control gradually waned during the 2nd half of the 20th century. The loi pour la sécurité intérieure, in effect since 2003, constitutes a case in point for studying, through the analysis of different professional groups, a legal framework that is contradictory and indeterminate : police routines and professional hierarchies produce the law from the bottom up. Moreover, this research contributes to a political and moral anthropology : the tension between compassion and repression that is inherent to contemporary prostitution policies is analyzed through the practices of “street-level bureaucrats” of moral evaluation and categorization of individuals. This enables a nuanced description of how the moral and professional dimensions intersect in the daily interactions that constitute the police control of prostitution. By paying close attention to categorization processes, the research elucidates how the police definition of prostitution contributes to producing gender for both the controlled populations and those who control. By analysing the ways in which the police’s professional rhetoric absorbs the public discourse as well as the production and circulation of the police’s know-how, it shows how the State develops its categories of thought “from the bottom up” in the case of the prostitution control
Mantovan, Giacomo. "Combattants et victimes en temps de guerre et d'exil : violence, mémoire et subjectivité dans les récits de vie de Tamouls sri lankais en France." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0108.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the memories and life stories of Sri Lankan Tamils who arrived in France aller the year 2000. It is based on an ethnographie investigation of the life accounts of thèse exiles, many of whom have fought in the secessionist organisation Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), as well as of asylum policies in France. This work seeks to shed light on the emergence and construction of specifie political subjects, in particular the "fighter" and the "victim", across différent contexts. It seeks to define the rôle played by institutions, social injunctions and socio-cultural values in relation to the fashioning of subjectivity. An attempt is made to understand the way in which the interpretation of the past and the meaning assigned to it contribute to define the exiles' identity. As violence is a recurrent element in the life stories examined, the thesis analyses the way in which narrative accounts of the past deal with social uses of violence in different contexts (LTTE, host institutions, etc. ). The thesis further highlights the tact that war is not just a moment of social disintegration, but that it entails a reconfiguration of the existing social, political and cultural order. Wilhin a historical context that was rapidly changing (war and exile), new collective and individual identifies emerged. Finally, the work emphasises the fact that telling our own story reveals our place in the world : it means negotiating our relation with others and the society in wich we live. It is possible, therefore, to examine the way in wich the exiles face their suffering and rebuild their lives
Ottolini, Lucile. "Travailler avec le tiers secteur : études de cas des politiques d'ouverture à la société dans les instituts d'expertise et de leurs effets en France de 1990 à 2020." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC2020.
Full textIn recent years, public decision making on health and environmental risks has experienced a number of crises and controversies which have highlighted a significant gap in the perception of risks by experts and society. In an attempt to reduce this gap and restore the credibility of the knowledge upon which the legitimacy of decisions rests, several public agencies have implemented so-called ‘’ openness to society ‘’ policies. While opening up has increased over the last ten years or so, it is inscribed in an older movement calling for the deconfinement of science. Indeed, social science research, particularly in the field of science and technology studies (STS), has shown that the co-definition of problems and solutions with stakeholders makes it possible to produce knowledge that is more legitimate, more adaptable in uncertainty contexts and more socially appropriable. Historically, collaborations between scientific institutions have mainly benefited large companies and public decision-makers, marginalizing many actors, including associations, trade unions and local and territorial authorities. This thesis problematizes the categories of actors and organizations to which risk evaluation opens up by proposing to put to the notion of "third sector expertise" the test as a notion with perimeters redefined by institutions, socio-technical problems and social mobilizations. This thesis focuses on the changes that this opening up to the third sector produces on the research work of agencies specializing in the assessment of health and environmental risks. More specifically, it focuses on transforming the meaning that experts and their managers give to their profession and to risk management. It addresses the meaning of "opening up to society" by combining a sociology of organizations approach with a sociology of science and technology approach that does justice to the importance of the socio-technical properties of the problems dealt with by these institutions. It proposes to consider the collaboration between expertise and the third sector as a frontier object, a theatre of social, epistemic and institutional intermediation that crystallizes the transformations of health and environmental risk management in France today. This approach leads to the following results. Opening up does not transform the experimental work of experts or the evaluation standards they use. In contrast, collaborations with the third sector have an impact on future research themes (more focused on hitherto invisible risks such as the interdependence of different categories of risk), how to communicate these risks (taking much more account of public opinion and the concerns of third sector organizations and the political issues of this diversity, by multiplying meetings with third sector organizations, by putting technical experts in an interface situation rather than senior managers) and the power of third sector organizations in institutions (by opening up pluralist deliberative bodies and systematizing their representation in other institutional governance bodies)
Piganiol, Marie. "Quartiers de reconnexion : genèse et production d'un nouveau modèle urbain." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0041.
Full textThe dissertation recounts the genesis and production of a new urban model which appeared in many French cities in the beginning of the 21st century. Coming under different labels, such as “eco-districts” or “sustainable districts”, a series of local urban operations initially launched independently, eventually acquired a common social reform dimension. Harmonious social mixing, neighborly relations and a vibrant urban life, and the reconciliation between the city and “nature”, make up this urban ideal which I therefore propose to call “reconnection”. The latter is analyzed through in-depth ethnography (interviews, long-term observations, quantitative data, iconographic and written documents analyses) of three “reconnecting districts” under construction in and around Paris, and by connecting these local urban operations with national policies (studied through field work at the French Ministry of Housing) developed in a wider international context (most notably, the COP21 international climate summit in Paris). The thesis examines the processes by which those urban operations are first set on local political agendas, it analyzes how some of them become trend-setters in France as well as demonstrators of exportable French urban savoir-faire around the world, and finally studies how those new districts’ promises of “reconnection” translate within land and housing markets and take shape through urban and architectural conception work. I argue that this new urban model emerges through an incremental process made up of multiple valuation operations and based on the incessant circulations of reconnection promises among cities, intermediary and national governments as well as economic actors. Ultimately, this thesis aims at contributing to the economic sociology of urban change, to the sociology of promises and innovations, and to the political sociology of models
Kellenberger, Sonja. "Pratiques artistiques et formes de la mobilisation politique dans la ville : une approche sociologique de quatre collectifs d'artistes-activistes à Paris et à Londres." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100154.
Full textThe protest movements of the 90s comes along, in France as in other European countries, of the reactication of an original form of the political commitment based on the artistic intervention. The participation of artists highlights the aesthetic dimensions of the mobilization and reveals the contemporary stakes in the democratization of the art as well as the role of the urban environment in the collective action. The research interrogates this phenomenom in its artistic, political and urban dimensions and their interactions from an ethnographical work about four groups of activist artists in Paris and in London. The study of hybrid groups allows to understand the modes of mobilization , participation and organization which update the militant and artistic practices
Lemettre, Sonia. "Gouverner le fret ferroviaire en France et en Allemagne (1990-2010) : processus de diffusion d'énoncés réformateurs à l'ère du développement durable." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961252.
Full textAtamian, Astrig. "La mouvance communiste arménienne en France : entre adhésion au PCF et contemplation de l'Ararat : les "rouges" de la communauté arménienne de France, des années 1920 aux années 1990." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0005.
Full textIn December 1920, while Armenia was being sovietized, the French Communist Party (PCF) was founded during the Tours Socialist Congress. Armenian refugees arriving in France in the beginning of the 1920s, mostly survivors of the genocide committed by the Young Turks in the Ottoman Empire, were going to be doubly requested by the communist world : on the one hand, as migrant workers requiring orderly organization, they are taken in charge by the PCF and on the other as a diasporic entity of a nationality now included in the USSR, they are also targeted by Soviet Armenia. Unlike the PCF which aims at involving Armenians in social struggles and increasing their internationalist feelings, Soviet power takes advantage of patriotic feelings spread among diasporic armenians in order to better thwart "free and independent Armenia" supporters’ influence. Made of PCF members and more broadly prosoviet Armenians, this so-called "French Armenian Communist movement” fade away with the collapse of the USSR
Rioufreyt, Thibaut. "La traduction du néo-travaillisme britannique dans la gauche socialiste française (1997-2008)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20049.
Full textMy research stands at the meeting point of sociology of intellectuals and expertise, works on the Socialist party and studies on reception. I investigate the mechanisms through which political discourse and ideas circulate both on a national scale and in intellectual and political spaces. I focus on how the British « Third Way » was translated within the French socialist circle between 1997 and 2008. My thesis works as a contribution to the sociology of political and ideological discourse : referring to M. Foucault's theoretical tools, it is based on an « archeology » of texts produced by the translators. It also relies on discourse analysis through an ecological analysis of their social conditions of production, circulation and translation, taking also into account the social characteristics of the agents and the spaces in which they socialize. This investigation underlines how the New Labour model is used and spread in relationship with the translators' position within the diverse fields they belong to (that is to say, political field, intellectual field, state expertise field) but also within the hybrid network they form at the meeting point of these various fields. However, in order to resist the temptation to reduce discourse to simple reflections or expressive material, the translation of the New Labourism has also to be understood as an attempt to incorporate a foreign reference to help problematizing and redefining the ideology of contemporary socialism, given the problems it has been confronted with. My research is not strictly a transnational or comparative approach : the references to Great Britain work here as a way to better understand the socio-discursive logics at work in the French Socialist circle. Therefore, the references to the « Third Way » or to Tony Blair's figure are made explicit to reveal larger reconfigurations, as the mutation of the relationship between scientists and politicians, the desintellectualization of politics within the Socialist Party or the ideological shifting attitude of the French Left towards liberalism during the 1990's
Lecat-Ciarafoni, Ludivine. "Art, réseaux et pouvoirs dans la culture : Réseaux artistiques et réseaux politiques sur la Côte d'Azur." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2024/document.
Full textBased on the study of social networks, we have observed how the interrelationships between the world of contemporary art and the politics in the establishment of cultural policies are numerous. Reform driven by the State from the 1980s has led to the creation of an institutional network become the cornerstone for the advancement of the careers of artists and undertaking the pre-existing merchant network. This upheaval brought the artists in the French Riviera to develop a strategy of seduction regarding to cultural leaders and local politicians, through to school education, openings, artists groups and associations.Only an ethnological investigation, based on conversation and ethnographic observations done during openings, press conference, more or less with formal meetings gave us a better comprehension about interaction between artists and politicians in one place: the French Riviera
Müller-Funk, Lea. "Transnational politics beyond the Arab uprisings : Egyptian activism in Vienna and Paris." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0005.
Full textThis interdisciplinary PhD project examines what Østergaard-Nielsen (2003) calls ‘homeland politics’, namely the political activities of migrants and refugees who aim to influence the domestic or foreign policy of their country of origin. It focuses on two case studies, Vienna and Paris, and examines the people and groups who tried to influence politics during and after the uprisings in Egypt (2011-2013). It focuses particularly on the identification of transnational activists, their networks and their motives of their political participation. It further analyzes the role of social media as a tool for transnational politics. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first adopts a macro-level approach and traces the context in which transnational practices of Egyptian migrants and their children take place, by focusing on emigration, immigration and immigrant policies. The second is an empirical analysis on the micro-level and describes different types of transnational activists, their argumentations, networks, and strategies. This includes a comprehensive analysis of their use of Facebook. The third part is a theoretical contribution to political transnationalism by discussing the limits of Egyptian transnational civil society today and by developing an analytical framework for factors which influence homeland politics
Ollivier, Anne-Laure. "Gaston Defferre : un socialiste face au pouvoir, de Marseille à l'élection présidentielle de 1969." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DENS0039.
Full textI began my work on Gaston Defferre for two main biographical reasons : first of all I was unsatisfied by the fact that Gaston Defferre’s political career was often reduced in public discourse to « the Mayor of marseille » – thus ignoring the policy maker, and Member of parliament for over 40 years, in charge of a ministery many times under the 4th and 5th Republics, and major socialist leader - the second element was the paradox of a very long political career that never gave him the occasion to play any major part un French politics. His failure at the 1969 presidential election is to be regarded as an important break in his career, that put a final dot to his national ambitions meanwhile his local leadership was getting to an edge. This dynamic gap between local and national career, comparable to that of many other political french leaders, makes this biographic research relevant - examining firmly the link between both aspects helps understand why this career remained unfulfilled. This work, proceeding through comparisons between local and national public documents, as well as private ones, uncovers four series of questions : the Resistance regarded as a matrix and a structuring experience in Defferre’s career - the local settings that gave him political longevity and a parachute in the event of failure, as well as a real restraint for political decisions - his relation to socialism as an ideology and to the socialist party – to which he always remained faithfull - the statesman, his reforms, his relation to the institutions, and the way he dealt with general interest, his socialist commitment to local interest
Gerardin, Noé. "Vers une centralité de la Région ? Émergence et affirmation du rôle de la Région Île-de-France en matière climat-air-énergie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA007/document.
Full textThe rising power of regions seems obvious in academic literature in France and abroad. What is the contribution of emerging issues such as environment to this shift? Is there such an increasing power of regions in the climate, air, and energy field? If so, how does it happen? To answer these questions, this doctoral thesis focuses on the changing role of the Île-de-France regional council in climate, air and energy policies since the 90’s. The study highlights an increase in power of the Île-de-France Region (also known as « Paris Region ») to address climate, air, and energy issues. This Region has taken a major position among all stakeholders. This observation has been made possible through a combination of a law and political sciences approaches. It allowed to study the actors, their relationships, their area of competence, their constraints, their means, and the way they use it. We studied in this doctoral thesis the jurisdiction of the Île-de-France regional council, its human and financial resources, its positioning regarding other actors in the region, and the way the regional council uses legal rules. Two schemes seem to be essential to understand the increasingly central position of the Île-de-France regional council on climate, air, and energy questions: first, the climate, air, and energy regional plan (schéma régional du climat, de l’air et de l’énergie) and then the chef de file (which could be translate by “leadership role”) of regional councils
Ayache, Nadia. "Maillage et implantation du socialisme en Aquitaine (acteurs, réseaux, mobilisations électorales) de 1958 à la fin des années 1990." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30063.
Full textAquitaine stands out for being unstable in its votes at the legislative elections. This is paradoxical in a region where real local right-wing and left-wing stronghold has developed, as can be seen from the long local mandates of the socialists René Cassagne, Michel Sainte-Marie or André Labarrère. Research has studied the national authorities of the socialist party, its leaders and the different trends, however, the analysis of the reasons of the strong presence of the socialist party in the region remains incomplete. The subject for this thesis is the creation of a regional network and presence of socialism in Aquitaine from 1958 to 1993.The purpose here is to understand how a given regional area was influenced by political forces, the constraint or the factors which made its presence easier. Several levels of analysis seem to be relevant. Socialism in all its various elements can be seen as capable of attracting a large people’s support at a local level, however the study is also about the networks set up to fix the presence and to create political stronghold . Finally, the study will aim at analyzing the attitude of the elected Socialists caught between the hopes of the voters and the directive of the party leadership. A differentiation can be made according to the importance of the territorial coverage, the strength of the political organization, the display of network of influence, from one department to the other but also within a same department
Tan, Lély. "La ville autoritaire : la métamorphose urbaine comme outil de légitimation politique : Shangai, (1990-2010), au regard du Paris du Second Empire, (1852-1870)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0680.
Full textShanghai, neoliberal example or sui generis case? Is Shanghai urban metamorphosis unique case in the world, irreducible and idiosyncratic model? No because Haussmanian Paris under the Second Empire experienced the same transformation. By comparing the two cities, we have elaborated a new city category: the authoritarian city. It is the result of a process by combining three factors: 1, Authoritarian political system 2, Modernization economic policy 3, Ambitious urban strategy. Within this context, the Authoritarian city has to be seen as a legitimization way for the political power. Unlike researchers who explain the Shanghai urban transformation as an endogenous phenomenon (Friedmann 2006, Logan et Fainstein (dir), 2010) or a number of others who estimate it as a result of Chinese market liberalization, we advocate a more comprehensive overview. The Authoritarian model is taken account Chinese characteristics and place Shanghai urban path as a “more ordinary city”. Because temporary aspect Is essential in our framework and because contexts are parts of the Authoritarian city, we deliberately use process approach (Mendes et al. 2013). The phenomenon is a whole process and cannot be separated from the economical, political or social contexts
Hamdan, Akhlasse. "Médias et environnement : le processus et les protagonistes du « Grenelle de l’environnement »." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100145.
Full textThis typescript contributes to research in political communication concerning environmental issues in France. We focus in our study on the case of the "Grenelle de l'environnement" announced by Nicolas Sarkozy in 2007. It seems interesting to identify two main areas in this research. The first is the strategy of the government policy, investigating the method of the Grenelle and the reasons that led to its organization and the second axis is the media and our question concerns the relationship between both media and political fields. The later leads us to deeply study the reasons why the journalists were interested in the GDE, and analyze media coverage of the Grenelle. To test our hypotheses the research was based on a number of empirical investigations
Borzillo, Laurent. "Les forces expéditionnaires bi/multinationales en Europe : analyse comparée des politiques d’alliance de la France et de l’Allemagne (1991-2016)." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTD001.
Full textWhy do states create bi/multinational expeditionary forces? Why have not they been used yet? The objective of this PhD dissertation is to explain this paradox, which is well exemplified by the Franco-German brigade and the European Union Battle Groups (EUBG). Although these two units are not the only ones in Europe that can be qualified as expeditionary forces, we chose these two case studies to analyze, among others, the decision-making processes in both France and Germany.We have therefore focused on these two units and on the alliance policies that are at the origin of these units. In practice, our research builds on the work on alliances and the field of comparative foreign policy analysis. The theoretical framework developed to explain the foreign policy decisions is based on the theory of roles by Kal Holsti. Our findings indicate that these decisions are made only by a limited group of actors and result from the roles those actors assume for their country. Institutional arrangements, as well as conflicts and power struggles, moderate these roles. In addition, there is strong evidence for path dependency in cases where decisions have an institutional scope.The decisions in favor of the Franco-German brigade and the EUBG ultimately resulted from the role of a promoter of reinforced European military capabilities and the role of a faithful ally, which dominated among the actors behind these decisions. Other roles present among the French and German decision-makers tend, on the contrary, to slow down the use of these units. This is particularly true for the role of a great power (France) and the role of a civilian power (Germany). Several roles coexist indeed within each state and each sees its amount of influence fluctuate. This variation in roles’ influence depends on the actors involved, as well as on power struggles and relations.Our dissertation is divided into seven chapters. In the first three we will return to the literature on expeditionary forces and alliances, to our methodology, and to the international relations in Europe over the past thirty years. The following chapters deal with the development of the Franco-German brigade as an expeditionary force, the creation of battle groups, the choice of partners within them, and finally the non-employment of these military troops. These are the four empirical chapters of our research.In conclusion, we estimate that the probability of deployment of the studied units in the coming years remains rather low. Relying on role theory, our theoretical explanation serves as a tool for understanding the functioning of the French and German political-military decision-making structures. While validated for this analysis, this theoretical framework now has to be tested on other case studies
Bihet, Karine. "De la social-démocratie au social-libéralisme. Les débats au sein de la social-démocratie européenne : 1990-2010." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020006.
Full textThe thesis aims to understand the situation of european social democracy and its evolution over the last two decades. Taking a comparative approach, it is based on the study of French Socialist Party, the German Social Democratic Party and the British Labour Party. Beginning from the Third Way project proposed by Tony Blair and New Labour modernizers, the matter is to show the doctrinal and programmatic transformation of these parties. These, with some differences and national characteristics, in the programs and policies undertaken, have converged towards the same overall direction, marked by a much more favorable reception to liberal theories. This distancing from the traditional model to move towards a social-liberal paradigm does not necessary mean the abandonment of values belonging to the Social Democrats. The parties involved have tried to adapt to new economic and social context while preserving the principles and social ideals on which they are built. The base of this political family’s identity remains largely well preserved. The ideological evolution goes with a mutation of partisan organizations who realize it. These have experienced both a change in their sociology, electoral and activist (characterized by a dis like of traditional supporters), and a decrease from their roots in society related to the decline in membership and distance against unions. Their position within the party systems is also questionned : in search of good positioning on the political spectrum, the question of alliances with other parties is then a key issue. The modus operandi of these organizations has finally also experienced significant changes. Internal reforms undertaken by the leaders tend to enhance the member and increase its role and new militant practices, more individualistic, appear. The function and specificity of these parties have diminished
Gauvin, Gilles. "Michel Debré et l'Île de la Réunion : archéologie d'une identité nationale, 1946-1988." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0036.
Full textBordier, Julien. "Le musée national entre principe républicain et question démocratique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100028/document.
Full textAs a revolutionary invention, art museum opened to the public in France is an institution that offers a contradictory space, in different levels: in the conflicts of the origins of the museum, in the validation of its relation of an institutionalized power, in the conceptualization of its public dimension. Mixing the particular history of this institution with an evolution of political issue, is a way to name these contradictions. This highlights a tension between two antagonistic poles, but in a constant dialogue, republican principle and democratic question. This conflictual dialogue has to be understood as an identification process and its crisis. This tension appears relevant to analyze national museums and cultural Policy during the french Fifth Republic. Therefore, national museum seems to be a republican institution and how “cultural democratization” enunciate itself with democratic question. From these reflexions, evolution of national museums and cultural Policy since 2000, and, the large amendments they know, are analyzable. Amendment of national museums presents itself as a modernization of their management and administration, by alleviating their ministerial tutelage. We analyze these amendments effects from two examples, Louvre and Orsay museums, by studying legislative dispositions, public statements of their directorate and interviews with employees in the museums. After this amendment movement has been contextualized and defined, it is analyzed from the tension between republican principle and democratic question. It is reconfigured and shifted in a new kind of museum appearing: company-museum
CHANG, HONG. "L'opinion publique en alsace face a la construction de l'europe : 1945 a 1950." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR20024.
Full textThe thesis is consecrated to the alsatian public opinion faced with the european integration from 1945 to 1950. Taking into account of the alsatian specific situation, it tries to define the evolution of this alsatian public opinion from the point of view of the various alsatian specific caracteristics. The choice of strasburg, capital of alsace, as the headquarter of the council of europe in february 1949 has given a new dimension to the alsatian public opinion toward the european integration. From that time, the european idea becomes one of the most important actualities in alsace. In the same time, the alsatian sense of identity considered as a positive factor for europe begins to be more and more debated in relation with the european integration. The study shows that the alsatian public opinion expresses its specific situation tied with its double culture and its troubled past due to historic vicissitudes between france and germany. It makes also sure the existence of a very favourable and original european idea in alsace during this period