To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Parton Model.
Books on the topic 'Parton Model'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 books for your research on the topic 'Parton Model.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse books on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Jo, Murphy-Lawless, and Yapita Juan de Dios, eds. Hacia un modelo social del parto: Debates obstétricos interculturales en el altiplano boliviano. La Paz, Bolivia: ILCA, 2001.
Find full text
2
Keller, Katharina. Modell SPD?: Italienische Sozialisten und deutsche Sozialdemokratie bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg. Bonn: Verlag J.H.W. Dietz Nachf., 1994.
Find full text
3
Spiwoks, Erich. Endkampf zwischen Mosel und Inn: XIII. SS-Armeekorps. 2nd ed. Coburg: Nation Europa, 1999.
Find full text
4
Shepsle, Kenneth A. Models of multiparty electoral competition. Chur: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1991.
Find full text
5
Zarusky, Jürgen. Die deutschen Sozialdemokraten und das sowjetische Modell: Ideologische Auseinandersetzung und aussenpolitische Konzeptionen, 1917-1933. München: R. Oldenbourg, 1992.
Find full text
6
Uruntaeva, Galina, and Ekaterina Gosheva. Psychology of cognition preschooler in professional and pedagogical activity of the teacher. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1074084.
Full textAbstract:
The monograph is devoted to analysis of professional and pedagogical activity of educator of preschool educational organizations in the aspect of cognition of preschool children. Describes the conceptual presentation of these activities, including structural-functional model of the activities to knowledge and activities for analysis of its process and results in order to assess its effectiveness. In accordance with the business model for knowledge of child the proposed system of professional training of future educators for its development in the learning process at the University, partly experimentally tested.
Intended for researchers, professional and pedagogical activity of the teacher of preschool educational institutions, teachers and practitioners of preschool education and teachers and students of psychological and pedagogical universities.
7
Weerdt, Hilde, and Franz-Julius Morche, eds. Political Communication in Chinese and European History, 800-1600. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463720038.
Full textAbstract:
Based on a collaboration between historians of Chinese and European politics, Political Communication in Chinese and European History, 800-1600 offers a first comprehensive overview of current research on political communication in middle-period European and Chinese history. The chapters present new work on the sources and processes of political communication in European and Chinese history partly through juxtaposing and combining formerly separate historiographies and partly through direct comparison. Contrary to earlier comparative work on empires and state formation, which aimed to explain similarities and differences with encompassing models and new theories of divergence, the goal is to further conversations between historians by engaging regional historiographies from the bottom up.
8
Bartoli, Gianni, Francesco Ricciardelli, Anna Saetta, and Vincenzo Sepe, eds. Performance of Wind Exposed Structures. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-156-4.
Full textAbstract:
PERBACCO (a free Italian acronym for Life-cycle Performance, Innovation and Design Criteria for Structures and Infrastructures Facing Æolian and Other Natural Hazards) is a research project partly funded by the Italian Ministry for University (MIUR) in the PRIN (Progetti di Ricerca di Interesse Nazionale) framework, for the years 2004-05.Within the project, a first attempt has been made to integrate different disciplines aiming at an overall optimization of the performance of a wide range of wind exposed structures and infrastructures, with consequent benefi cial impact on the society.The overall objectives were (a) to provide unifi ed concepts for "expected performance" and "risks induced by æolian and other natural hazards", to be applied to structures and infrastructures over their whole life-cycle, such to be acceptable to stakeholders in the construction process (i.e. from the owner to the end-user), (b) to provide models and methodologies for dynamic monitoring of the performance of structures and infrastructures, to be integrated in appropriately designed procedures, and (c) to collect, refi ne, fi le and disseminate the knowledge available on a European basis, concerning the performance of wind-exposed structures and facilities, in a way such to be of use to Construction Industry. This volume summarises the main results obtained during the Project, with each Section addressing a different class of problems, to which many research Units have contributed. A list of papers containing the main results of the research activities carried out within the Project is also provided in each Section.
9
Baulieu, Laurent, John Iliopoulos, and Roland Sénéor. The Existence of Field Theories beyond the Perturbation Expansion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788393.003.0024.
Full textAbstract:
The standard model of fundamental interactions. A brief summary of the phenomenology of weak interactions. The construction of the electroweak theory and its experimental consequences. The deep inelastic scattering data as a motivation for quantum chromodynamics. Asymptotic freedom and the parton model. Quantum chromodynamics formulated on a space–time lattice. Non-trivial gauge field configurations and instantons. The meaning of the winding number. The strong CP problem and axions.
10
Elizalde Domínguez, Continente. Modelo Arquitectónico Concurrente. 2019th ed. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29057/books.16.
Full text
11
Campbell, John, Joey Huston, and Frank Krauss. Soft QCD. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199652747.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
In Chapter 7, we discuss various aspects of the strong interaction containing a strong non-perturbative or low-scale component. We first briefly summarise the treatment of the total and inelastic cross sections through the analyticity of the scattering amplitude, which leads to the language of Regge poles. We introduce multiple parton interactions, with the underlying theoretical ideas for their description mainly driven by experimental data, before remarking on double parton scattering. Hadronisation, i.e. the transition from the parton of perturbation theory to the observable hadrons, is introduced by first using the idea of fragmentation functions and then discussing two popular phenomenological models describing this transition. We conclude this chapter by remarking on some ideas concerning the description of hadron decays through effective models.
12
Cheng, Russell. Embedded Distributions: Two Numerical Examples. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198505044.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter illustrates use of (i) the score statistic and (ii) a goodness-of-fit statistic to test if an embedded model provides an adequate fit, in the latter case with critical values calculated by bootstrapping. Also illustrated is (iii) calculation of parameter confidence intervals and CDF confidence bands using both asymptotic theory and bootstrapping, and (iv) use of profile log-likelihood plots to display the form of the maximized log-likelihood and scatterplots for checking convergence to normality of estimated parameter distributions. Two different data sets are analysed. In the first, the generalized extreme value (GEVMin) distribution and its embedded model the simple extreme value (EVMin) are fitted to Kevlar-fibre breaking strength data. In the second sample, the four-parameter Burr XII distribution, its three-parameter embedded models, the GEVMin, Type II generalized logistic and Pareto and two-parameter embedded models, the EVMin and shifted exponential, are fitted to carbon-fibre strength data and compared.
13
Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa. Dewan Pengurus Pusat., ed. Saya bekerja maka PKB menang: Modul pelatihan kader penggerak partai untuk pemenangan Pemilu 2009. Jakarta: Dewan Pengurus Pusat, Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa, 2008.
Find full text
14
Cheng, Russell. Examples of Embedded Distributions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198505044.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter gives examples of probability distributions that, in their conventional parametrization, contain embedded models. Embeddedness is not intrinsic but depends on the parametrization. The simplest way to reveal and remove embeddedness is to reparametrize and make the log-likelihood, L, expandable as a Maclaurin series of one parameter, α: L = L0 + L1α + L2α2 + … with L0 the log-likelihood of the embedded model hidden in the original parametrization. The quantity L1, rescaled using the information matrix, is the score statistic which can be used for formally comparing the original and embedded model fits. Embeddedness occurs in many distributions if there is a shifted threshold parameter. Examples given in the chapter are the Burr XII, gamma, generalized extreme value, inverse Gaussian, inverted gamma, logistic, loglogistic, lognormal, loggamma, Pareto, and Weibull distributions. Another interesting example occurs in early parametrizations of the stable law distribution.
15
1951-, Rehrmann Norbert, ed. Rot-Grünes "Modell Kassel"?: Eine Bilanz nach vier Jahren. [Kassel]: Kasseler Verlag, 1985.
Find full text
16
Richard, Meng, Bullmann Udo, and Kleinert Hubert, eds. Modell Rot-grün?: Auswertung eines Versuchs. Hamburg: VSA-Verlag, 1987.
Find full text
17
Vaccaro, Valerie L. A Consumer Behavior-Influenced Multidisciplinary Transcendent Model of Motivation for Music Making. Edited by Roger Mantie and Gareth Dylan Smith. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190244705.013.21.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter reviews multidisciplinary research from the fields of consumer behavior, humanistic and positive psychology, music education, and other areas to develop a new Transcendent Model of Motivation for Music Making. One’s “extended self” identity can be defined partly by possessions and mastery over objects, and objects can “complete” the self. Music making involves a person’s investment of “psychic energy,” including attention, time, learning, and efforts, and is a creative path which can lead to peak experiences and flow. Music making can help satisfy social needs, achieve self-actualization, experience self-transcendence, enhance well-being, strengthen spirituality, and improve the quality of life.
18
Thomas, Emily. Space and Time in Isaac Barrow. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807933.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores Isaac Barrow’s account of time and space. Barrow’s account is important, partly because it is often argued to be one of the sources that Newton drew on in constructing his absolutism. Although Barrow is usually read as a pre-Newtonian absolutist, this chapter argues that Barrow is in fact a modal relationist, identifying space and time with the relational modes of bodies. This new reading entails that Barrow’s account of time may not have played as large a role in the development of Newton’s work as has been thought, but it also raises the possibility that Leibniz drew on Barrow’s relationism.
19
Back, Kerry E. Representative Investors. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190241148.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
There is a representative investor at any Pareto optimal competitive equilibrium. If investors have linear risk tolerance with the same cautiousness parameter, then there is a representative investor with the same utility function. When there is a representative investor, there is a factor model with the representative investor’s marginal utility of consumption as the factor. If the representative investor has constant relative risk aversion, then the risk‐free return and log equity premium can be calculated in terms of moments of aggregate consumption. The equity premium and risk‐free rate puzzles are explained. The coskewness‐cokurtosis pricing model and the Rubinstein option pricing model are derived.
20
Lösel, Friedrich, and Martin Schmucker. Treatment of sex offenders. Edited by Teela Sanders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190213633.013.23.
Full textAbstract:
This essay discusses various treatments for sexual offenders and their success in reducing reoffending. Overall, research reveals a positive treatment effect that indicates up to 25 per cent less recidivism in treatment versus control groups. Cognitive-behavioral therapy, relapse prevention, and programs based on the Risk–Need–Responsivity model have the strongest evidence base, although the studies and findings are heterogeneous and outcomes vary depending on many factors. Most promising are programs that involve treatment in the community and in forensic hospitals, delivered in a partly individualized mode, implemented with sound integrity, targeting medium- to high-risk offenders, addressing young individuals, and being evaluated in well-documented small studies. In contrast, programs in prisons, delivered merely in a group format, including low-risk offenders, and evaluations in large samples show smaller or no effects. Recent developments aim to modernize and widen standard programs toward more differentiated interventions, but more sound evaluation research is needed.
21
Puccini, Beatriz Cicala. Consciência política e humanização do parto a luta pelo direito à formação de obstetrizes na Universidade de São Paulo. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-345-9.
Full textAbstract:
In today's globalized world, violence is structural and connected to the still unmet demands of society. Brazil has one of the highest violence rates, aided by the chronic socio-economic inequality which our political model insists on reproducing and deepening. Violence against women has pride of place in this picture. In the Europe of XVIII century, women's vocation for motherhood was praised, aligned with philosophical values and discourses of the time, giving rise to unconditional love as a true myth founder of the ideology in the bourgeois economy of early capitalism. The idea of a paradigmatic body is anchored in a dualism that is both physiological and anatomic and in which ethical, moral, psychological and socio-cultural aspects will unveil. The transition from home childbirth to hospital childbirth initiates the phase of maternity and childhood protective public policies. A consequence, however, was shutting out feminine participation, preventing its main role in childbirth and resulting in us boasting one of the highest indexes of unnecessary C-sections in the world. The modern woman has gained a lot in autonomy. She has freed herself from moral, social and legal ties, nevertheless she is and always will be the owner of the biological body that is capable of generating a new life and guarantee the preservation of human species. The humanization of birth and the health of mother and child is pressing in the country, along with international reference organizations in this area, as the author of the present work defends and proves.
22
Baracchini, Leïla. Entre désert et toile. Création d’un art san contemporain au Kalahari. Éditions Alphil-Presses universitaires suisses, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33055/alphil.03150.
Full textAbstract:
En 1990, à D’kar (Botswana), était créé le premier projet d’art à destination des populations san naro du Kalahari : le Kuru Art Project. De ce projet allait émerger un mouvement artistique de portée internationale, désormais connu sous le nom d’art san contemporain. À partir d’une ethnographie détaillée, Entre désert et toile raconte comment l’art est venu à D’kar et a transformé les pratiques et les modes de représentation, mais aussi le regard porté sur celles et ceux que la culture populaire avait jusqu’alors fait connaître en Occident en tant que chasseurs-cueilleurs nomades ou « Bushmen ». Combinant documents ethnographiques et historiques, il retrace les mouvements circulatoires inhérents à la création et à la diffusion de ces oeuvres sur les marchés de l’art internationaux. Médiations, traductions, rapports de pouvoir : ce livre questionne également les enjeux propres à l’ethnographie d’un processus créatif en contexte postcolonial. Comment maintenir une pratique ethnographique sans se retrouver soi-même engagé dans une dynamique qui impose aux images ses propres codes ? Et dès lors, quelle forme lui donner ? Ces questions amènent l’auteure à développer, dans la dernière partie de l’ouvrage, un portrait fragmentaire et sensible d’une artiste du Kuru Art Project, Coex’ae Bob. À partir d’une démarche collaborative, l’ethnologue et l’artiste y proposent une déambulation entre tableaux, plantes, textes et images, où se dessine une relation intime au Kalahari d’aujourd’hui. Préface de Nathalie Heinich
23
Zachar, Peter. Epistemic iteration or paradigm shift: The case of personality disorder. Edited by Kenneth S. Kendler and Josef Parnas. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796022.003.0035.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores the concept of scientific progress by contrasting a gradual epistemic iteration approach to the classification of personality disorder with a revolutionary paradigm-shifting approach. Commitment to one or the other approach partly fueled disagreements about whether to adopt a dimensional model for personality disorder in DSM-5. One of the Scientific Review Committee’s concerns was that over-reliance on the preferences of small groups of experts will not support cumulative progress, rather; the trajectory will either resemble a random walk or it will “wobble” based on shifting conceptual preferences.Work group members who wanted to transition to a more dimensional model believed that the DSM-IV model was a classificatory dead end, and a gradual iteration strategy could not support progress. For both groups progress was construed as an increasingly accurate approximation of psychiatric reality. The chapter offers an alternative account of scientific progress based on coherentist and pragmatist perspectives.
24
Cameron, Samuel. Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Legal Status on Versatility and Efficiency in Prostitution Markets. Edited by Scott Cunningham and Manisha Shah. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199915248.013.5.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the impact of legal status on versatility and efficiency in prostitution markets. Focusing on the massage-parlor sector of the prostitution market in the northwest of England, it considers heterogeneity in consumer preferences and whether there exists a perfectly competitive market model with homogeneous sellers. It first provides an overview of the economics of prostitution before discussing the role of variety seeking in the demand for prostitution services. Drawing on consumer-oriented data from massage parlors in the northwest of England, it argues that economies-of-scope conditions have failed to develop to satisfy demand for variety in the area. It also sees the predominant concentration of massage-parlor sex work in England to be of low quality, reflecting a declining influence of the traditional firm-based sex work there.
25
Popescu, Gabriela, Marieta Iordan, and Adrian-Gabriel Horvat. Ghid pentru invatarea sociologiei in liceu si pregatirea examenului de Bacalaureat. Editura Universitara, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5682/9786062810528.
Full textAbstract:
Prezenta lucrare se adreseaza in egala masura atat elevilor de la profilul uman care studiaza sociologia in liceu, cat si profesorilor care predau aceasta disciplina. Conținutul ghidului respecta cu fidelitate programele de studiu si de bacalaureat, fiind un instrument util in pregatirea elevilor din clasa a XI-a, dar si a celor din clasa a XII-a care opteaza pentru susținerea probei scrise la alegere la disciplina sociologie. Lucrarea este structurata in trei parți. Partea I cuprinde reperele teoretice prevazute de programele de studiu si de bacalaureat, acestea fiind insoțite de un numar generos de exerciții si activitați de invațare recomandate. In partea a II-a se afla rezolvarea integrala a subiectului model de bacalaureat propus pentru anul 2020, precum si 20 de teste de bacalaureat insoțite de indrumari de rezolvare si bareme de evaluare. Partea a III-a este formata dintr-o lista alfabetica de termeni sociologici (un mini-dicționar), care ajuta la completarea reperelor teoretice si la extinderea posibilitații ințelegerii de catre elevi a fenomenelor si proceselor sociale.
26
Wiater, Nicolas. Getting Over Athens. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198748472.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the ambivalent image of Classical Athens in Dionysius of Halicarnassus’ Roman Antiquities. This image reflects a deep-seated ambiguity of Dionysius’ Classicist ideology: on the one hand, there is no question for Dionysius that Athenocentric Hellenicity failed, and that the Roman empire has superseded Athens’ role once and for all as the political and cultural centre of the oikoumene. On the other, Dionysius accepted Rome’s supremacy as legitimate partly because he believed (and wanted his readers to believe) her to be the legitimate heir of Classical Athens and Classical Athenian civic ideology. As a result, Dionysius develops a new model of Hellenicity for Roman Greeks loyal to the new political and cultural centre of Rome. This new model of Greek identity incorporates and builds on Classical Athenian ideals, institutions, and culture, but also supersedes them.
27
Sprenger, Jan, and Stephan Hartmann. Bayesian Philosophy of Science. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199672110.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
“Bayesian Philosophy of Science” addresses classical topics in philosophy of science, using a single key concept—degrees of beliefs—in order to explain and to elucidate manifold aspects of scientific reasoning. The basic idea is that the value of convincing evidence, good explanations, intertheoretic reduction, and so on, can all be captured by the effect it has on our degrees of belief. This idea is elaborated as a cycle of variations about the theme of representing rational degrees of belief by means of subjective probabilities, and changing them by a particular rule (Bayesian Conditionalization). Partly, the book is committed to the Carnapian tradition of explicating essential concepts in scientific reasoning using Bayesian models (e.g., degree of confirmation, causal strength, explanatory power). Partly, it develops new solutions to old problems such as learning conditional evidence and updating on old evidence, and it models important argument schemes in science such as the No Alternatives Argument, the No Miracles Argument or Inference to the Best Explanation. Finally, it is explained how Bayesian inference in scientific applications—above all, statistics—can be squared with the demands of practitioners and how a subjective school of inference can make claims to scientific objectivity. The book integrates conceptual analysis, formal models, simulations, case studies and empirical findings in an attempt to lead the way for 21th century philosophy of science.
28
Huffaker, Ray, Marco Bittelli, and Rodolfo Rosa. Capstone: Application of NLTS to Real-World Data. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782933.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter investigates the use of Extreme Value Statistics (EVS) to probabilistically model extreme events separated as unstructured noise in signal processing. We apply a version of EVS that computes the likelihood of extreme discrepancies exceeding a selected threshold value within a given time interval. In theory, exceedances follow a Generalized Pareto (GP) distribution, and we run diagnostics to determine how well the data actually fit this distribution. If we find a reasonable fit, we can invert the GP distribution to solve for quantiles providing a useful noise diagnostic: return level plots. Return level plots show the return periods expected before particular extreme noise levels return levels are realized.
29
Hajnal, Zoltan. The Context of Local Policymaking. Edited by Donald P. Haider-Markel. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579679.013.021.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter offers a critical look at the literature on one of the core questions driving the study of local politics—namely who or what governs local democracy. I outline the different theories, summarize key empirical contributions, and highlight remaining barriers. Partly because existing studies have either focused too narrowly or have been unable to test each of the different theoretical perspectives against other in a single model, the literature has not yet provided a clear answer to this question. In the conclusion, I highlight some potentially rewarding research areas that emerge from these gaps in the literature or from recent demographic or technological transformations.
30
Hassenteufel, Patrick, and Bruno Palier. The French Welfare System. Edited by Robert Elgie, Emiliano Grossman, and Amy G. Mazur. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669691.013.4.
Full textAbstract:
The French welfare system is usually classified as a case of a corporatist–conservative welfare regime because its main components clearly reflect the Bismarckian tradition of social insurance. The economic, social, and political functions of the French welfare system developed after 1945 explain the subsequent difficulties in transforming it following the economic crisis of the 1970s. We show that until the 1990s the main goal of welfare policies was the rescue of the French model based on financial measures. It is only since the end of the twentieth century that French social programs and institutions have been progressively (and partly) reformed to adapt to the new economic and social environment. This reform trajectory has been changed only slightly since the 2008 crisis, despite growing European intrusiveness.
31
Enjeux de la transition écologique. EDP Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2661-2.
Full textAbstract:
Cet ouvrage, aux nombreuses illustrations, donne une vision transversale des changements environnementaux d'échelle mondiale que connaît notre planète aux limites finies. Son objectif est, en particulier, de faire comprendre les mécanismes et conséquences du réchauffement climatique et de l'érosion de la biodiversité ainsi que leurs relations avec nos modes de vie et de consommation. Pour l'essentiel, il reprend l'un des premiers enseignements numériques délivrés à grande échelle en 2020 sur les « Enjeux de la transition écologique » auprès de plusieurs milliers d'étudiants de licence de toutes disciplines de l'Université Paris-Saclay. À l'instar de ce cours, cet ouvrage s'articule en quatre parties. Partant d'une perspective historique des évolutions du climat et de la biodiversité, les trois premières parties annoncent l'impact croissant de l'humanité sur les flux d'énergie et de matière de la planète et sur les trajectoires évolutives du vivant. Cet impact conditionne en retour la survie de nos sociétés et du monde tel que nous le savons. La quatrième et dernière partie de cet ouvrage offre un cadre de réflexions pour une transition vers un développement soutenable. Cette transition peut être une opportunité pour rembourser nos façons de produire, de travailler, de consommer, de nous déplacer, tout en visant l'équité sociale pour un « bien vivre ensemble » partagé sur la planète. Pour répondre à l'objectif de transversalité de l'ouvrage, plus de quarante enseignant(e)s-chercheurs(s) et chercheurs(euses) d'horizons différents y ont contribué, mêlant les savoirs des sciences de la nature aux sciences humaines et sociales en passant par le droit, l'économie, la gestion, l'agronomie et la médecine.
32
Salud Universal en el Siglo XXI: 40 años de Alma-Ata”. Informe de la Comisión de Alto Nivel. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275320778.
Full textAbstract:
[Introducción]. Con motivo de los 40 años transcurridos desde la Declaración de Alma-Ata, el 11 y 12 de diciembre de 2017 la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) convocó en Quito el Foro Regional “Salud Universal en el Siglo XXI: 40 años de Alma-Ata”. Como parte de este movimiento regional la Directora de la OPS, la Dra. Carissa F. Etienne tomó la iniciativa de crear una Comisión de Alto Nivel, denominada “Salud Universal en el Siglo XXI: 40 años de Alma-Ata”, presidida por la Dra. Michelle Bachelet y el Embajador Sr. Néstor Méndez, y conformada por un grupo interdisciplinario de expertos regionales. Entre ellos había representantes de la comunidad, la academia y actores políticos, como ex ministros de salud y líderes de sindicatos y movimientos de diferentes grupos sociales. El objetivo de la Comisión fue elaborar recomendaciones para la Directora de OPS que permitieran hacer efectivo el derecho a la salud de las personas, entendido como un derecho humano fundamental, a partir del análisis de los avances y los desafíos que tienen los sistemas de salud en la Región de las Américas. El presente documento refleja el posicionamiento de la Comisión en torno a la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS) y la búsqueda de soluciones para hacer efectivo el derecho a la salud, además del enfoque utilizado para orientar el debate, el análisis y las recomendaciones sobre cómo garantizar este derecho. El documento se basa en los reportes elaborados por cinco grupos temáticos: a) modelo de atención de salud, b) modelo institucional, c) modelo de financiamiento, d) salud y protección social y e) recursos humanos de salud, los cuales están disponibles como anexos a este informe. Estos grupos temáticos fueron liderados por los miembros de la Comisión, y reunieron a un gran número de expertos académicos y movimientos sociales de diferentes países de la Región. La Comisión presenta diez recomendaciones para lograr la salud para todas y todos en la Región de las Américas en el contexto del siglo XXI. [Introduction]. To mark the 40th anniversary of the Declaration of Alma-Ata, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) convened the Regional Forum “Universal Health in the 21st Century: 40 Years of Alma-Ata” on December 11-12, 2017, in Quito, Ecuador. As part of this regional movement, PAHO Director Dr. Carissa F. Etienne convened a High-Level Commission: Universal Health in the 21st Century: 40 Years of Alma-Ata, chaired by Dr. Michelle Bachelet and Ambassador Néstor Mendez, and made up of an interdisciplinary group of regional experts, including representatives from communities and academia, as well as political actors, such as former health ministers, trade union leaders, and representatives of different social movements. The objective of the Commission was to develop recommendations for the PAHO Director on how to give effect to the right to health as a fundamental human right, based on an analysis of the progress and challenges faced by health systems in the Region of the Americas. This document reflects the Commission’s position regarding primary health care (PHC), the search for solutions to ensure the right to health, and the approach taken in discussions, analysis, and recommendations on how to guarantee this right. It is based on reports prepared by the five thematic groups addressing: a) health care model, b) institutional model, c) financing model, d) health and social protection, and e) human resources for health (see annexes to the present report). The thematic groups were led by members of the Commission, bringing together a great number of academic experts and social movements from different countries in the Region. In this report, the Commission presents 10 recommendations for achieving health for all in the Region of the Americas in the 21st century.
33
Newlands, Samuel. Spinoza’s Metaphysics of Modality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817260.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter four argues that ignoring a fundamental explanatory question has led interpreters to misunderstand Spinoza’s views on necessity, contingency, possibility, and impossibility. Although the scope of Spinoza’s necessitarianism has also been hotly debated, a central question has gone largely unasked: just what is modality, according to Spinoza? By focusing first on his analysis of necessity, we gain insight into more familiar questions of modal distribution: what exists necessarily, contingently, and so forth. Spinoza ultimately endorses a form of what might now be called anti-essentialism, according to which the modal status of some things depends partly on how those things are conceived. Hence Spinoza affirms both the genuine contingency and strict necessity of one and the same thing’s existence, depending on how it is conceived. After considering Spinoza’s defense of this account, the author turns to why Spinoza thinks we do not, in fact, adopt necessitarian perspectives on the world.
34
Distel, Marijn A., and Marleen H. M. de Moor. Genetic Influences on Borderline Personality Disorder. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199997510.003.0007.
Full textAbstract:
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) tends to “run in families.” Twin and twin family studies show that BPD is moderately heritable, with some evidence for nonadditive gene action. BPD co-occurs with Axis I and other Axis II disorders, as well as with a certain profile of normal personality traits. Multivariate twin (family) studies have shown that these phenotypic associations are partly due to genetic associations, and this is observed most strongly for BPD and neuroticism. Candidate gene-finding studies for BPD suggest the possible role of genes in the serotonergic and dopaminergic system, but this needs to be confirmed in larger genome-wide studies. Future studies will complement the knowledge described in this chapter to enable us to move toward a comprehensive model of the development of BPD in which biological and environmental influences on BPD are integrated.
35
Danae, Azaria. 4 The Nature of International Obligations Regarding Transit of Energy: from Bilateral to Indivisible Obligations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198717423.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 4 classifies treaty obligations concerning transit with a view to determining which state is injured under the law of international responsibility and can invoke responsibility including by recourse to countermeasures against the responsible transit state. The question posed is to whom is each obligation owed. The analysis in this chapter also assists in determining which treaty party may have recourse to means available in the treaty where the treaty does not contain sufficiently express rules on standing, a matter which is analysed in Chapter 6. The analysis illustrates the polyphony of primary rules vis-à-vis their nature, and argues that bilateralism is not the only model in this area of international law (either in form or in substance). Rather, a number of treaties create collectively owed obligations: some erga omnes partes and some interdependent..
36
Button, Tim, and Sean Walsh. Internal categoricity and the natural numbers. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790396.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
The simple conclusion of the preceding chapters is that moderate modelism fails. But this leaves us with a choice between abandoning moderation and abandoning modelism. The aim of this chapter, and the next couple of chapters, is to outline a speculative way to save moderation by abandoning modelism. The idea is to do metamathematics without semantics, by working deductively in a higher-order logic. In this chapter, the focus is on the internal categoricity of arithmetic. After formalising an internal notion of a model of the Peano axioms, we show how to internalise Dedekind’s Categority Theorem. The resulting “intolerance” of Peano arithmetic provides internalists with a way to draw the distinction between algebraic and univocal theories. In the appendices, we discuss how this relates to Parsons’ important work, and establish a certain dependence of the internal categoricity theorem on higher-order logic.
37
Holmes, Douglas R. A Tractable Future. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820802.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Markets are a function of language. This chapter examines ethnographically how central bankers create and enter a communicative field in which market participants and members of the public model economic phenomena for their own purposes, employing their own pragmatic insights. Central banks increasingly manage the expectations of others with official statements and forward guidance constructed in words. But this chapter focuses also on the role of conversation both within central banks and between the central banks and their publics and shows how this discursive input is crucial to central bankers’ own sense of the future. The influential stories that policy-makers tell are partly the product of internal conversation and listening to the way other market protagonists envisage the future. The efficacy of monetary policy rests on a two-way discursive interaction between central bankers and other market protagonists, who together must orchestrate prospectively the contingencies of economic stability and growth.
38
Clark, J. C. D. Church, Parties, and Politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199644636.003.0016.
Full textAbstract:
Was the Church of England, between the Restoration and the Oxford movement, divided into parties? W. J. Conybeare, in a famous article of 1853, claimed that High and Low Church faded away, leaving a complacent worldliness. This chapter traces the emergence and track record of the identities ‘High Church’, ‘Latitudinarian’, and ‘Low Church’, shows their origin in polemic, traces their trajectories in political and religious conflict, and concludes that Conybeare’s reifications of identities were partly retrojections. Both the assertion and the denial of party labels were tactically motivated, but party identities nevertheless had both theological and parliamentary party-political purposes. The Broad Church cause that Conybeare sought to promote is revealed, and the seriousness of principled conflicts in earlier decades reasserted. The chapter centrally contends that since Conybeare’s account was inadequate, Norman Sykes’s model of the Hanoverian Church as consensual, unified, and moderate cannot now be sustained.
39
Parfit, Derek. On What Matters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778608.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This third volume of this series develops further previous treatment of reasons, normativity, the meaning of moral discourse, and the status of morality. It engages with critics, and shows the way to resolution of their differences. This volume is partly about what it is for things to matter, in the sense that we all have reasons to care about these things. Much of the book discusses three of the main kinds of meta-ethical theory: normative naturalism, quasi-realist expressivism, and non-metaphysical non-naturalism, which this book refers to as non-realist cognitivism. This third theory claims that, if we use the word ‘reality’ in an ontologically weighty sense, irreducibly normative truths have no mysterious or incredible ontological implications. If instead we use ‘reality’ in a wide sense, according to which all truths are truths about reality, this theory claims that some non-empirically discoverable truths — such as logical, mathematical, modal, and some normative truths — raise no difficult ontological questions. This book discusses these theories partly by commenting on the views of some of the contributors to Peter Singer's collection Does Anything Really Matter? Parfit on Objectivity.
40
von Wangenheim, Georg. Evolutionary Law and Economics. Edited by Francesco Parisi. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199684267.013.011.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines the use of evolutionary theories in law and economics. It begins with a discussion of the concept of evolution. It then explains the central ideas of three central evolutionary approaches in law and economics: the neo-institutional approach, microeconomic models, and the idea of competing jurisdictions. Neo-institutionalist approaches provide a bouquet of arguments which may be used to explain the evolution of law. Microeconomic approaches driven by demand for, and supply of legal rules as well as their interactions with social norms and technological evolution may provide such models, but, since these models are based on Markov processes and thus on stochasticity, they may only describe and predict expected values of legal change. As a consequence, explanations of specific legal variations cannot be traced back to specific elements of these evolutionary theories in law and economics. This caveat persists even if one would extend the models to allow for co-evolution of jurisdictions partly driven by comparative lawyers' research. Nevertheless, the said microeconomic approaches may still be useful for normative evaluations of differences in the law: If the frameworks of legal evolution in jurisdictions differ, the theory may offer arguments for why the evolution in one or the other will tend towards a more desirable outcome (for example efficiency). One should however always be aware that these theories can only make statements on tendencies of evolution, not on specific legal changes. The same caveats apply in an even stronger way to the use of (evolutionary) theories of inter-jurisdictional competition.
41
Sánchez Juárez, Gladys Karina. Los pequeños cafeticultores de Chiapas. Organización y resistencia frente al mercado. Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. Centro de Estudios Superiores de México y Centroamérica, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.29043/cesmeca.rep.783.
Full textAbstract:
En este libro se analiza el encuentro y desencuentro de los cafeticultores y sus organizaciones con el Estado y el mercado a partir del caso Chiapas. A treinta años del modelo económico el balance para las comunidades rurales productoras de café revela, de nueva cuenta, que la autonomía originalmente planteada presenta serias limitaciones, en buena medida por la naturaleza de la fuerza que representa este sector en el conjunto de la sociedad y por la lógica del mercado. En este libro, el Estado mexicano mantiene sus mecanismos de control sobre los campesinos, que están cada vez más sujetos a la dinámica del mercado a través del as empresas multinacionales, que inciden en gran parte del mundo rural mexicano.
42
Oliva Abarca, Jesús Eduardo. Cultura y Big Data. Métodos y técnicas para el análisis cultural en una sociedad datificada. Ediciones Comunicación Científica, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52501/cc.014.
Full textAbstract:
El propósito de este libro es ejemplificar los conceptos, métodos y aplicaciones de la analítica cultural, propuesta formulada por Lev Manovich, y que consiste en el empleo sistemático de herramientas y técnicas de la ciencia de datos para el análisis de datos masivos de fenómenos culturales. Con tal objetivo, se presentan tres estudios que ejemplifican diferentes flujos de trabajo desde este enfoque. El primero consiste en un análisis del micromecenazgo cultural y creativo en México y América Latina, así como en la elaboración de dos sistemas de recomendación a partir de la recolección automatizada de datos mediante “raspado de red” (web scraping), todo ello con la finalidad de brindar información relevante para la financiación de proyectos de artistas y creativos independientes. El segundo estudio es la aplicación de técnicas de procesamiento de lenguaje natural (natural language processing) a un corpus conformado por diversos tweets, a partir de los cuales se elabora un modelo de clasificación automática de textos. A partir del examen automatizado de atributos sintácticos y semánticos, se perciben las diferencias estructurales entre tweets clasificados como noticias, frases o reflexiones, y ficciones. En el tercer estudio se abordan las posibilidades y usos de la visión computacional para el análisis y modelado de sistemas de clasificación de imágenes de obras plásticas; para ello, se parte del método iconográfico-iconológico, así como del procesamiento automatizado de atributos visuales de piezas artísticas. Del desarrollo de estas investigaciones se ratifica la necesidad de fomentar abordajes interdisciplinarios para el análisis de la cultura.
43
Salazar Fernández, Marisol, Oleskyenio Enrique Flórez Rincón, Jorge Ferney Bayona Sánchez, Javier Raúl Romero Roa, Deiber Marulanda Pineda, and Andrés Felipe Trujillo Sarasti. Autopercepción del policía frente al Modelo Nacional de Vigilancia Comunitaria por Cuadrantes y la percepción ciudadana del municipio de Tuluá. Editorial de la Dirección Nacional de Escuelas de la Policía Nacional de Colombia (Vicerrectoría de Investigación), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22335/edne.37.
Full textAbstract:
Este libro presenta los resultados del análisis de la autopercepción del policía frente al Modelo Nacional de Vigilancia Comunitaria por Cuadrantes y la percepción de la calidad del servicio por la ciudadanía en el municipio de Tuluá, Valle del Cauca. Para ello, se parte de una teoría fenomenológica con un modelo de autopercepción social para la comprensión de las realidades por parte de cada individuo desde su imaginario de acuerdo con su cultura y contexto. De esta manera se valora el modo en que se observa y evalúa la situación estudiada. La metodología utilizada para el estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, con un enfoque cualitativo a partir del cual se aplicó una encuesta a 95 policías y 600 ciudadanos y se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a veinte uniformados en el segundo trimestre del año 2019. Para la etapa anterior, se utilizó la técnica de estudio y análisis de datos. Se obtuvo como resultado que los policías que trabajan en la vigilancia se ven afectados por factores afines o propios del funcionamiento del modelo y la forma como se evalúa su desempeño policial en los turnos asignados. Por otro lado, se encontró que la ciudadanía expresa su satisfacción de manera regular en la prestación del servicio policial. Lo anterior abarca varios aspectos, tales como el desconocimiento de los mecanismos de funcionamiento de los cuadrantes y la asignación del policía en sus zonas laborales, la dinámica del patrullaje y la atención a los llamados de emergencia, entre otros.
44
Ferguson, Sam. Le Journal des Faux-monnayeurs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814535.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses the complex relationship between Gide’s 1925 novel Les Faux-monnayeurs (in which a fictional character, who is also an author, writes a diary) and Gide’s own diary of the composition of this novel, Le Journal des faux-monnayeurs. This relationship demonstrates the diary’s potential role as a supplement to the literary œuvre (in the sense discussed in the Introduction with reference to Derrida), which functions as follows: the novel Les Faux-monnayeurs presents itself as a total, self-sufficient literary œuvre; Le Journal des faux-monnayeurs is partly conceived as an independent work, but this diary itself deliberates on its relation to the novel, and constructs a model of a composite structure encompassing both works, which is more complete than the novel alone. This greater, composite structure simultaneously critiques the supposed self-sufficiency of the novel and leads to a more open kind of œuvre, with the capacity for endless reinterpretation by readers.
45
Ronen, Boaz, Joseph S. Pliskin, Shimeon Pass, and Donald M. Berwick. The Hospital and Clinic Improvement Handbook. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190843458.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The Hospital and Clinic Improvement Handbook is about doing more using existing resources. For example, achieving more throughput in the operating rooms, reducing waiting times at the emergency department, and improving clinical quality. This is done using the well-established Lean techniques together with the breakthrough philosophies and techniques of the theory of constraints (TOC). These methods and their underlying tools are put together with techniques and methodologies implemented by the authors in dozens of healthcare organizations. The tools include the complete kit concept, the Pareto methodology, the focusing table, and the focusing matrix. The book introduces simple tools that can be implemented quite easily in any hospital or clinic. It also focuses on the implementation process using tools like the 3–1–1 model that directs managers where to focus their limited time resources to best improve the performance of their organizations. Finally, the book introduces effective yet simple performance measures and prescribes the process of ongoing improvement.
46
Eisenberg, Nancy, Tracy L. Spinrad, and Amanda S. Morris. Prosocial Development. Edited by Philip David Zelazo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199958474.013.0013.
Full textAbstract:
In this chapter, we distinguish between different forms of empathy-related responding (i.e., empathy, sympathy, personal distress) and prosocial behavior. The capacity for empathy and sympathy emerges in the early years of life and generally increases with age across childhood. Individual differences in sympathy and prosocial behavior covary, and both tend to be fairly stable across time. Prosocial tendencies are related to prosocial moral reasoning, social competence, self-regulation, and low aggression/externalizing problems. Although individual differences in prosocial and empathic/sympathetic responding are partly due to heredity, environmental factors are also associated with such differences. Authoritative, supportive parenting involving modeling, reasoning, and practices that help children to understand others’ internal states has been associated with higher levels of prosocial behavior. Moreover, securely attached children tend to be prosocial. In addition, peers and siblings can encourage, reinforce, and model prosocial behavior. School interventions, as well as experience with volunteering, appear to affect the degree to which children are sympathetic and engage in prosocial behavior.
47
Fletcher, Richard. Psychic Life in the Eternal City. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803034.003.0012.
Full textAbstract:
Freud’s analogy of the city of Rome as the human psyche in Civilization and its Discontents and Kristeva’s reading of Ovid’s Narcissus as a response to Freudian narcissism in Tales of Love have been treated as separate aspects of the reception of ancient Rome in psychoanalysis. In New Maladies of the Soul, however, Kristeva makes a direct connection between the two, building on Freud’s doubts about the usefulness of his analogy and offering a corrective image of her own. Kristeva, this chapter argues, thus locates the movement from Freud’s Rome to her specular city in what she calls a “mini-revolution in psychic life” that can be understood through the changes to the figure of Narcissus from Ovid to Plotinus. Psychoanalysis, in being both addressed to and partly founded on an erroneous narcissism, offers a valuable model for classical reception studies through its self-critical approach to narcissism’s ambivalent pleasures and dangers.
48
Herramientas para aplicar las intervenciones breves de las 5A y las 5R para tratar el consumo de tabaco a nivel de la atención primaria. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275322444.
Full textAbstract:
Este conjunto de herramientas se preparó a partir del módulo 4 de capacitación de la OMS sobre el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud para tratar la dependencia del tabaco a nivel de la atención primaria. La publicación está dirigida a los prestadores de atención primaria, y su objetivo es servir de guía de referencia rápida para ayudarles a suministrar intervenciones breves contra el consumo de tabaco como parte de su práctica habitual. El contenido de esta caja de herramientas se divide de la siguiente manera: 1. El consumo de tabaco: Una dependencia letal 2. Papel protagónico del personal de salud en el control del tabaco 3. Aspectos básicos del consumo y la dependencia del tabaco 4. Modelo de las 5A para ayudar a las personas que están listas para dejar de fumar 5. Modelo de las 5R para aumentar la motivación para dejar de fumar 6. Uso de las 5A para evitar la exposición al humo de tabaco Versión oficial en español de la obra original en inglés Toolkit for delivering the 5A’s and 5R’s brief tobacco interventions in primary care © World Health Organization 2014 ISBN: 978-92-4-150695-3
49
Zelli, Fariborz. Effects of Legitimacy Crises in Complex Global Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826873.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores the consequences of legitimacy in view of the growing institutional complexity of global governance. Global governance institutions do not operate as autonomous entities, but are entwined in dense patchworks of institutions with partly overlapping and competing mandates. The chapter suggests potential causal consequences of the legitimacy of a global governance institution for the institutional complexity of its issue field. Specifically, the analytical framework set out in the chapter theorizes the consequences of legitimacy crises for three dimensions of institutional complexity: the degree of complexity of the institutional architecture, the effectiveness of the institution within this architecture, and the modes of governance used by the institution to navigate this architecture. The chapter illustrates the potential of this framework with examples relating to climate change, energy, and trade governance.
50
Calidad de vida en la zona metropolitana del Valle de México. Hacia la justicia socioespacial. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iiec.9786073046916e.2021.
Full textAbstract:
La calidad de vida es una condición de bienestar general" de las personas y las sociedades que se expresa en la satisfacción de necesidades objetivas y subjetivas, da manera multidimensional, multifactorial y multiescalar, en un espacio-tiempo determinados. En este libro se ofrecen varios trabajos sobre la calidad de vida en la gran Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México considerando varios enfoques teóricos, filosóficos, de derechos, mercantiles, multilaterales, alternativos o de países y ciudades específicas, entre otros. Entre los modelos analíticos se aplican los de prospectiva, los marcos Jurídicos de derechos, así como una medición cuantitativa objetiva a partir de indicadores censales de las dimensiones da personas, viviendas y entorno urbano, en las escalas territoriales de manzana, colonia y delegación municipio. También se analizan los contrastes entre la percepción de los habitantes respecto a su bienestar objetivo. Entre loe estudios de caso relacionados con la calidad de vida de la población da la metrópoli se encuentran: edades avanzadas, vivienda y valor de suelo. grandes centros comerciales, comercio informal, desastres naturales y su localización espacial, así como las finanzas públicas metropolitana. A partir del análisis georreferenciado del bienestar se confirma un modelo territorial desigual que obliga al diseño e Instrumentación de políticas públicas dirigidas al cumplimiento de la justicia socioespacial. entendida como objetivo central del desarrollo y una vía que garantiza el cumplimiento de los derechos de la población.