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Pym, Anthony. "On the passage of transcendent messages." FORUM / Revue internationale d’interprétation et de traduction / International Journal of Interpretation and Translation 14, no. 1 (August 4, 2016): 123–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/forum.14.1.07pym.
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Abstract Translation is one way texts are accorded transcendence, understood as material transfer from a site of utterance. Although frequently construed as a quality of texts or auctorial virtue, transcendence is enacted by receivers (including translators) pulling texts across time and space, transforming them accordingly. Study of a war-commemoration text attributed to Atatürk shows this happening in its transfer to Australia. The historical authorship of the text has been contested, and analysis of its various translations and interpretations reveals competing interests, strategic omissions, distributed intercultural agency, and inscriptions. However, the historians involved in the debate, in both Turkey and Australia, have not sufficiently considered translation analysis, which can find some justification for the questioned text. Further, an ethics of cross-cultural communication might question the translation as an appeal to resolution based not just on the commonness of human suffering but also the shared concealment of guilt.
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Womick, Jake, John Eckelkamp, Sam Luzzo, Sarah J. Ward, S. Glenn Baker, Alison Salamun, and Laura A. King. "Exposure to authoritarian values leads to lower positive affect, higher negative affect, and higher meaning in life." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): e0256759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256759.
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Five studies tested the effect of exposure to authoritarian values on positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and meaning in life (MIL). Study 1 (N = 1,053) showed that simply completing a measure of right-wing authoritarianism (vs. not) prior to rating MIL led to higher MIL. Preregistered Study 2 (N = 1,904) showed that reading speeches by real-world authoritarians (e.g., Adolf Hitler) led to lower PA, higher NA, and higher MIL than a control passage. In preregistered Studies 3 (N = 1,573) and 4 (N = 1,512), Americans read authoritarian, egalitarian, or control messages and rated mood, MIL, and evaluated the passages. Both studies showed that egalitarian messages led to better mood and authoritarian messages led to higher MIL. Study 5 (N = 148) directly replicated these results with Canadians. Aggregating across studies (N = 3,401), moderational analyses showed that meaning in life, post manipulation, was associated with more favorable evaluations of the authoritarian passage. In addition, PA was a stronger predictor of MIL in the egalitarian and control conditions than in the authoritarian condition. Further results showed no evidence that negative mood (or disagreement) spurred the boost in MIL. Implications and future directions are discussed.
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Kemp, P. S. "Meta-analyses, Metrics and Motivation: Mixed Messages in the Fish Passage Debate." River Research and Applications 32, no. 10 (October 2, 2016): 2116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.3082.
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Von Isenburg, Megan. "College Students in an Experimental Study Took Longer to Achieve Comprehension when Instant Messaging while Reading." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 5, no. 3 (September 27, 2010): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8sd01.
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A Review of:
Bowman, L. L., Levine, L. E., Waite, B. M., & Gendron, M. (2010). Can students really multitask? An experimental study of instant messaging while reading. Computers & Education, 54, 927-931.
Objective – To examine the effects of multitasking while doing school work. The experiment specifically measured total time spent reading a simulated textbook passage and tested comprehension in students who received instant messages before reading, while reading, or not at all.
Design – Experimental design in which one group of students read an online text while receiving and responding to instant messages. Comparison groups either received instant messages (IMs) prior to reading the text passage or did not receive any IMs during the task.
Setting – General psychology department at Central Connecticut State University, United States.
Subjects – Eighty-nine college students enrolled in general psychology courses. The participants included 43 women and 46 men and were between 17 and 46 years old. Most students were full time students (91%), most were European / White (74%) and in their first (46%) or second (33%) year of college. Participants’ academic majors represented all the schools in the university.
Methods – Researchers created a simulated environment in which a passage from a psychology textbook was displayed on five consecutive screens. For the experimental group, an IM appeared on each of the five screens preceded by an alert sound. Messages were written to reflect the types of questions students might ask each other when they first meet, such as “What do you like to do in your spare time?”
Subjects were randomized to three situations: receiving IMs before reading, receiving IMs during reading, or not receiving any IMs. Subjects were told that they would either receive IMs before reading, while reading, or not at all. Messages received during reading appeared one per screen after a specified time spent on each page (after 17, 15, 29, 20 and 26 seconds, respectively.) Students could take as long as necessary to read the passage and to respond to IMs.
After reading the passage, students were given a multiple choice test with 25 questions to determine reading comprehension and retention. Students also completed a demographic questionnaire to measure their typical instant messaging behaviour, including the amount of time they spend each week instant messaging, how often IM software is on when their computer is on, and how often IM software is on when they are studying. Both of these activities took place on the same computers used for the reading experiment.
Students were additionally asked to comment on the clarity of instructions, the representativeness of the task to their typical IM experiences, and the interest and similarity to normal coursework of the reading itself. These questions were asked on paper rather than on the computer.
Software recorded the lengths of time each student spent in reading the passage, reading and responding to IMs, and answering the online questions. For those students who received IMs during reading, the time spent from receipt of each IM to each response was subtracted from the total reading time.
Main Results – There were no differences in test performance between the three groups. Statistically significant differences were found in the amount of time that students took to complete the reading: students who instant messaged during reading took significantly longer to read the online text than those students who instant messaged before reading and those who did not IM, even when time spent receiving and responding to IMs was subtracted from the totals. Students who instant messaged before reading took the least amount of time in the exercise. Further statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in the time spent instant messaging between the two IM groups.
Responses to the demographic questions indicate that students spend a mean 7.5 hours instant messaging per week, that 67% of students have IM software on “sometimes,” “often,” or “very often” while the computer is on and 62% of the time while studying. Analysis indicated that none of the IM use variables were correlated with test performance or reading time and that there were no significant differences between the experimental groups according to prior IM use.
Responses from the 77 students who answered the questions about the experiment itself are also included, though not all of these students answered each question. Seventy students (99%) agreed or strongly agreed that instructions were clear. Seventy-one percent of the 52 students that received IMs agreed or strongly agreed that they were realistic, and 75% agreed or strongly agreed that they responded to IMs in a typical manner. Sixty-two students (82%) agreed or strongly agreed that the text was similar to those assigned for actual coursework, and 39 students (51%) agreed or strongly agreed that the passage was interesting. Students commented on the authenticity of the experiment in free text responses such as, “I responded how I would have to anyone,” and “they were questions that anyone I don’t know might ask.”
Conclusion – This experimental study suggests that students who IM while reading will perform as well but take longer to complete the task than those who do not IM while reading or those students who IM before reading.
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Leskelä, Lasse, and Hoa Ngo. "First passage percolation on sparse random graphs with boundary weights." Journal of Applied Probability 56, no. 2 (June 2019): 458–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpr.2019.30.
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AbstractA large and sparse random graph with independent exponentially distributed link weights can be used to model the propagation of messages or diseases in a network with an unknown connectivity structure. In this article we study an extended setting where, in addition, the nodes of the graph are equipped with nonnegative random weights which are used to model the effect of boundary delays across paths in the network. Our main results provide approximative formulas for typical first passage times, typical flooding times, and maximum flooding times in the extended setting, over a time scale logarithmic with respect to the network size.
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Czyz, Ewa K., Alejandra Arango, Nathaniel Healy, Cheryl A. King, and Maureen Walton. "Augmenting Safety Planning With Text Messaging Support for Adolescents at Elevated Suicide Risk: Development and Acceptability Study." JMIR Mental Health 7, no. 5 (May 25, 2020): e17345. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17345.
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Background Suicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents. A critical need exists for developing promising interventions for adolescents after psychiatric hospitalization who are at a high risk of experiencing repeated suicidal behaviors and related crises. The high-risk period following psychiatric hospitalization calls for cost-effective and scalable continuity of care approaches to support adolescents’ transition from inpatient care. Text messages have been used to improve a wide range of behavioral and health outcomes and may hold promise as an accessible continuity of care strategy for youth at risk of suicide. Objective In this study of 40 adolescents at elevated suicide risk, we report on the iterative development and acceptability of a text-based intervention designed to encourage adaptive coping and safety plan adherence in the high-risk period following psychiatric hospitalization. Methods Adolescents (aged 13-17 years) who were hospitalized because of last-month suicide attempts or last-week suicidal ideation took part in either study phase 1 (n=25; 19/25, 76% female), wherein message content was developed and revised on the basis of feedback obtained during hospitalization, or study phase 2 (n=15; 11/15, 73% female), wherein text messages informed by phase 1 were further tested and refined based on feedback obtained daily over the course of a month after discharge (n=256 observations) and during an end-of-study phone interview. Results Quantitative and qualitative feedback across the 2 study phases pointed to the acceptability of text-based support. Messages were seen as having the potential to be helpful with the transition after hospitalization, with adolescents indicating that texts may serve as reminders to use coping strategies, contribute to improvement in mood, and provide them with a sense of encouragement and hope. At the same time, some adolescents expressed concerns that messages may be insufficient for all teens or circumstances. In phase 2, the passage of time did not influence adolescents’ perception of messages in the month after discharge (P=.74); however, there were notable daily level associations between the perception of messages and adolescents’ affect. Specifically, higher within-person (relative to adolescents’ own average) anger was negatively related to liking text messages (P=.005), whereas within-person positive affect was associated with the perception of messages as more helpful (P=.04). Conclusions Text-based support appears to be an acceptable continuity of care strategy to support adolescents’ transition after hospitalization. The implications of study findings are discussed. Future work is needed to evaluate the impact of text-based interventions on suicide-related outcomes.
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Groce, Nora, Nita Mawar, and Marina Macnamara. "Inclusion of AIDS educational messages in rites of passage ceremonies: Reaching young people in tribal communities." Culture, Health & Sexuality 8, no. 4 (July 1, 2006): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691050600772810.
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Kosheleva, O. D., and N. V. Prashcheruk. "On the Metaplot of Reading Aloud in the Novels by F. M. Dostoevsky." Izvestia Ural Federal University Journal Series 1. Issues in Education, Science and Culture 27, no. 2 (2021): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv1.2021.27.2.034.
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The article is devoted to the four episodes of reading the passages from Holy Scripture in the F. M. Dostoevsky’s novels. These include The Raising of Lazarus in “Crime and Punishment”, Messages to the Angel of the Laodocian Church in “Demons” and the Marriage at Cana in “The Brothers Karamazov”. There are several shared characteristics of the content and structure in noted episodes. First of all, there are always heroes-who-read and heroes-who-listen. Secondly, while heroes-who-read are usually having a strong faith, heroes-who-listen are facing the crisis of belief. Finally, each passage is meant to be an allegory, by which the readers are trying to point a new way in life for listeners, and motivate them to work on themselves instead of giving them ready answers. In conclusion, all of the above-mentioned episodes could be summarized into a metaplot of reading in the F. M. Dostoevsky’s novels.
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Ledesma, Pablo, Peyman Jafary, Sami Repo, Amelia Álvarez, Francisco Ramos, Davide Della Giustina, and Alessio Dedè. "Event-Based Simulation of a Decentralized Protection System Based on Secured GOOSE Messages." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 23, 2020): 3250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123250.
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A new simulation library is developed on OMNeT++ to model faults in distribution systems. The proposed library makes it possible to calculate the status of lines and busbars from the point of view of a protection system, enabling the modeling of overcurrents, power outages and fault passage indicators. The library is applied to model a decentralized protection system based on the exchange of IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE) messages between intelligent electronic devices responsible for the operation of circuit breakers and disconnectors. The time needed to secure and transmit GOOSE messages over the Internet is characterized and included in the model. Several studies are carried out to analyze the effect of different parameters, such as GOOSE retransmission times and failure rates of switching devices and communication channels, on the performance of the protection system.
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Berrouiguet, S., Z. Alavi, G. Vaiva, P. Courtet, E. Baca Garcia, P. Vidailhet, M. Gravet, E. Guillodo, S. Brandt, and M. Walter. "Développement d’un dispositif de veille par short message service (SMS) pour la prévention de la récidive suicidaire. Protocole d’étude Suicide Intervention Assisted by Messages (SIAM)." European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.042.
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IntroductionLe suicide et les conduites auto-agressives sont fréquents dans la population adulte. De précédentes études ont prouvé que le fait de maintenir le lien avec le sujet suicidant, par lettres ou cartes postales, après la prise en charge en aigu, réduit le risque de récidive. De plus, les études de faisabilité ont montré que l’intervention par SMS est acceptable pour les patients. L‘objectif principal de cette étude est de démontrer l’efficacité du dispositif de veille par SMS sur la réduction de la récidive suicidaire à 6 mois. Nous présenterons dans un premier temps l’étude de faisabilité puis l’étude multicentrique démarrée dans 8 CHU.Matériel et méthodeIl s’agira d’un essai de supériorité, contrôlé, randomisé, multicentrique, d’une durée de 2 ans, et piloté par le CHRU de Brest. Les sujets seront des adultes ayant survécu à un passage à l’acte suicidaire, inclus après une prise en charge aux urgences ou une courte hospitalisation. Le recrutement s’étalera sur une période de 9 mois. Les SMS seront envoyés à j2, j7, j15, puis mensuellement. Ces messages se soucieront du bien-être du patient, et lui rappelleront les coordonnées d’urgence dont il dispose en cas de besoin. Les patients seront évalués à j0, puis à 6 et 13 mois. Le critère de jugement principal sera le nombre de patients récidivant à 6 mois, dans le groupe recevant les SMS et dans le groupe témoin (qui bénéficie de la prise en charge de référence). Les critères de jugement secondaires seront le nombre de patients récidivant à 13 mois, le nombre de tentatives de suicide à 6 et 13 mois, le nombre de décès par suicide à 6 et 13 mois, dans les deux groupes. Les idées suicidaires seront évaluées dans chaque groupe, à j0, à 6 mois, et à 13 mois. Enfin, les coûts médicaux et la satisfaction seront évalués à 13 mois.Résultats attendusLa fréquence de récidive attendue à 6 mois dans le groupe témoin est de l’ordre de 18 %. Nous espérons la réduire à 9 % grâce au contact par SMS. Afin d’y parvenir, le nombre de sujets nécessaires a été évalué à 530, soit 265 dans chaque bras.DiscussionCe dispositif de veille par SMS s’appuie sur de précédentes interventions, aux résultats significatifs dans le domaine, et est facilement reproductible. Nous proposons d’évaluer son efficacité dans la réduction du risque de récidive suicidaire au sein d’une population d’adultes ayant fait un passage à l’acte.
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Maffei, Roberto, Livia S. Convertini, Sabrina Quatraro, Stefania Ressa, and Annalisa Velasco. "Contributions to a neurophysiology of meaning: the interpretation of written messages could be an automatic stimulus-reaction mechanism before becoming conscious processing of information." PeerJ 3 (October 27, 2015): e1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1361.
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Background.Even though the interpretation of natural language messages is generally conceived as the result of a conscious processing of the message content, the influence of unconscious factors is also well known. What is still insufficiently known is the way such factors work. We have tackled interpretation assuming it is a process, whose basic features are the same for the whole humankind, and employing a naturalistic approach (careful observation of phenomena in conditions the closest to “natural” ones, and precise description before and independently of data statistical analysis).Methodology.Our field research involved a random sample of 102 adults. We presented them with a complete real world-like case of written communication using unabridged message texts. We collected data (participants’ written reports on their interpretations) in controlled conditions through a specially designed questionnaire (closed and opened answers); then, we treated it through qualitative and quantitative methods.Principal Findings.We gathered some evidence that, in written message interpretation, between reading and the attribution of conscious meaning, an intermediate step could exist (we named it “disassembling”) which looks like an automatic reaction to the text words/expressions. Thus, the process of interpretation would be a discontinuous sequence of three steps having different natures: the initial “decoding” step (i.e., reading, which requires technical abilities), disassembling (the automatic reaction, an unconscious passage) and the final conscious attribution of meaning. If this is true, words and expressions would firstly function like physical stimuli, before being taken into account as symbols. Such hypothesis, once confirmed, could help explaining some links between the cultural (human communication) and the biological (stimulus-reaction mechanisms as the basis for meanings) dimension of humankind.
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홍석순 and Woo Young Chun. "Effects of Online Reviews on Judgments of a Product: The Role of Correction Messages and the Passage of Time." 한국심리학회지: 사회및성격 24, no. 3 (August 2010): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2010.24.3.006.
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Margat, Aurore, Benoît Pétré, Jean-François d’Ivernois, Pierre Lombrail, Johann Cailhol, and Rémi Gagnayre. "COVID-19 : Proposition d’un modèle d’éducation d’urgence." Education Thérapeutique du Patient - Therapeutic Patient Education 12, no. 1 (2020): 10402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tpe/2020003.
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La crise sanitaire actuelle rappelle tout l’enjeu de la communication des messages de prévention et de leur compréhension par la population. Si les messages sur les gestes barrières ont été conçus pour être facilement compris, il n’en reste pas moins que le passage du traitement de l’information à la mise en œuvre d’un comportement de santé représente un véritable défi. Pour obtenir des changements de comportements de santé face à l’épidémie, il est impératif de proposer une « éducation d’urgence », couplée à une stratégie d’information, en particulier pour aider les personnes les plus vulnérables et démunies. Dans ce contexte, le Laboratoire Éducations et Pratiques de Santé (LEPS UR 3412) de l’Université Sorbonne Paris Nord a conçu une intervention éducative brève pour les personnes concernées par le COVID-19. Cette intervention (30 min à 1 h) s’adosse à trois champs de pratiques : l’éducation thérapeutique de sortie d’hôpital dite ETP-SH, la littératie en santé et l’identité-logement. Les différentes phases de cette intervention sont proches de celles de celles de l’ETP-SH : un diagnostic éducatif suivi de la négociation des applications possibles avec la personne, une phase d’échanges interactifs, la vérification permanente de la compréhension par la personne et la planification d’une séance téléphonique planifiée à distance.
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Rojas-Lizana, Isolda, and Emily Hannah. "Manipulación del género gramatical y sexual en la traducción española de un cuento de Oscar Wilde." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 59, no. 3 (December 31, 2013): 310–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.59.3.04roj.
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Translation as a cultural process can be used in various ways to suppress or promote ideologies. Within the framework of Critical Studies in Translation, this article examines the presence of the phenomenon of manipulation; that is, deliberate alteration of central topics and messages for ideological purposes, in the Spanish translation of the story The Happy Prince by Oscar Wilde. It proposes that Wilde’s specific intent in using the fairy tale genre to battle heterosexism (the belief that heterosexuality is the only norm) is not transmitted in any of the Spanish versions of the story, since its English publication in 1888 to the twenty-first century.<p> The analysis proves that all twelve translations of the story found, included the famous translation by Jorge Luis Borges in 1910, manipulate the sex and sexuality of the characters by taking advantage of the commonly perceived ambiguities between the grammatical and cultural gender in Spanish. This is done in such a way that one of the messages of the story, the redemption of homosexual love and its acceptance by God, is omitted entirely to become, and promote, the standard and conventional view of sexuality that dominates contemporary Western tradition. The article finishes by pointing out the linguistic choices that need to be considered for a new translation of the story and provides the translation of a passage as an example.<p>
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Vatta, Francesca, Alessandro Soranzo, Massimiliano Comisso, Giulia Buttazzoni, and Fulvio Babich. "A Survey on Old and New Approximations to the Function ϕ(x) Involved in LDPC Codes Density Evolution Analysis Using a Gaussian Approximation." Information 12, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12050212.
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Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes are currently being deeply analyzed through algorithms that require the capability of addressing their iterative decoding convergence performance. Since it has been observed that the probability distribution function of the decoder’s log-likelihood ratio messages is roughly Gaussian, a multiplicity of moderate entanglement strategies to this analysis has been suggested. The first of them was proposed in Chung et al.’s 2001 paper, where the recurrent sequence, characterizing the passage of messages between variable and check nodes, concerns the function ϕ(x), therein specified, and its inverse. In this paper, we review this old approximation to the function ϕ(x), one variant on it obtained in the same period (proposed in Ha et al.’s 2004 paper), and some new ones, recently published in two 2019 papers by Vatta et al. The objective of this review is to analyze the differences among them and their characteristics in terms of accuracy and computational complexity. In particular, the explicitly invertible, not piecewise defined approximation of the function ϕ(x), published in the second of the two abovementioned 2019 papers, is shown to have less relative error in any x than most of the other approximations. Moreover, its use conducts to an important complexity reduction, and allows better Gaussian approximated thresholds to be obtained.
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Hidayat, Elvin Atmaja. "Menggali Relevansi Teologis Berdasarkan Analisis Naratif Atas Kisah “Kelahiran Samuel” Dalam 1 Samuel 1:1-28." DISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARA 17, no. 1 (April 9, 2018): 79–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36383/diskursus.v17i1.184.
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Abstrak: Kitab Suci merupakan Sabda Allah yang menjadi tumpuan hidup dan sumber kebenaran bagi umat beriman. Posisinya begitu agung dan penting. Sayangnya, banyak umat Kristiani yang kesulitan untuk memahami isi Kitab Suci. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan salah satu metode menafsirkan Kitab Suci yang relatif mudah untuk digunakan oleh semua kalangan, yakni metode Analisis Naratif. Dalam artikel ini, metode tersebut akan digunakan untuk menganalisis perikop tentang “Kelahiran Samuel” (1 Samuel 1:1-28). Melalui analisis atas teks ini pula, hendak dipaparkan beberapa pesan teologis yang dapat meng- inspirasi kehidupan umat beriman. Secara praktis, artikel ini berikhtiar menunjukkan bahwa metode analisis naratif cukup berjasa dalam mem- permudah umat Kistiani menafsirkan atau menggali pesan-pesan teologis dari teks-teks alkitabiah.
Kata-kata Kunci: Analisis Naratif, Kitab Suci, kelahiran Samuel, iman, doa, pesan teologis.
Abstract: Holy Bible (Scripture) is the Word of God. It is the foundation of life and the source of truth for the faithful. Its position is very great and important, but unfortunately, many Christians find it difficult to understand the content of Scripture. This article would like to introduce one method of interpreting Scripture that is relatively easy to be used by all circles, the method of Narrative Analysis. In this article, the method will be used to analyze the passage about “Birth of Samuel” (1 Samuel 1:1-28). Through the analysis of this text, the writer also offers some theological messages that can inspire the life of faith. Practically, it can be argued that the method of narrative analysis is meritorious in facilitating Christian people to interpret or explore theological messages of biblical texts.
Keywords: Narrative analysis, scripture (holy bible), Samuel’s birth, faith, prayer, theological messages.
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Alt, V. V., M. S. Chekusov, S. P. Isakova, and E. A. Balushkina. "Epistemological Foundations of the Digital Technologies Used in Agriculture in Siberia." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 15, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-1-16-23.
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The authors substantiated the necessity for an epistemological approach to determining the main messages in the digitalization application by agricultural producers, taking into account natural and climatic, commodity-production and social factors.(Research purpose) To formulate the main messages when applying digital technologies in agricultural production, which determine epistemological approaches to their systematic use and allow increasing grain production by 2-3 times on the example of JSC Sokolovo.(Materials and methods) The authors applied a system analysis to agricultural production objects as to information field when describing them in the information space.(Results and discussion) The authors found that agricultural production objects were in an objective multiplicative relationship. Based on the results, a communication scheme between objects in agro-industrial production, reflecting their dialectical commonality was developed. They presented production objects as a resource characterized by a certain set of parameters and values. They showed the multiplicative nature of the resources relationship, describing the nature of the dependence by the method of passage to the limit. The authors identified general information requirements for solving the agriculture problems, crop production and for the means of processing this information in the amount of more than 2 petaflops. They established the necessary resolution for managing technical processes - less than 3 centimeters.(Conclusions) The authors proposed a paradigm for information support of technological processes in agricultural production. They confirmed the legitimacy of this approach to the paradigm formation by creating more than 20 databases. They gave examples of increasing the efficiency of grain production in the Novosibirsk region. The epistemological principles were based on the formulated six messages of information digital technologies, which made it possible to use them in more than 247 520 different combinations and apply to the whole farms variety, depending on their capabilities and desires.
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Androjna, Andrej, Marko Perkovič, Ivica Pavic, and Jakša Mišković. "AIS Data Vulnerability Indicated by a Spoofing Case-Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 5015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115015.
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This paper takes a close look at the landscape of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) as a major source of information for maritime situational awareness (MSA) and identifies its vulnerabilities and challenges for safe navigation and shipping. As an important subset of cyber threats affecting many maritime systems, the AIS is subject to problems of tampering and reliability; indeed, the messages received may be inadvertently false, jammed, or intentionally spoofed. A systematic literature review was conducted for this article, complemented by a case study of a specific spoofing event near Elba in December 2019, which confirmed that the typical maritime AIS could be easily spoofed and generate erroneous position information. This intentional spoofing has affected navigation in international waters and passage through territorial waters. The maritime industry is neither immune to cyberattacks nor fully prepared for the risks associated with the use of modern digital systems. Maintaining seaworthiness in the face of the impact of digital technologies requires a robust cybersecurity framework.
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Christiansen, Johanne Louise. "God Loves not the Wrongdoers (ẓālimūn): Formulaic Repetition as a Rhetorical Strategy in the Qur'an." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 22, no. 1 (February 2020): 92–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2020.0413.
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The Qur'an contains various types of repetition. One of them is the formula, a sequence of words or roots that occurs more than once in a text corpus. The formula as a literary feature is applied differently throughout the Qur'anic text. In the later material, for example, formulae often function as so-called clausulae, i.e. concluding rhymed phrases of a long verse or passage that transform the discourse to a metatextual level. In this study, I suggest, through formulaic and semantic field analysis, that the Qur'an strategically uses such repeated formulae and clausulae as a versatile rhetorical tool to persuade its listeners of fundamental tenets that form part of the Qur'anic worldview: the formula is an indicator of a specific worldview, a carrier of this worldview's key messages. Through a case study of the 40 yuḥibbu/ lā yuḥibbu ( God loves/does not love) formulae in the Qur'an, the article shows that this short repeated phrase is used continually to remind the listeners of God's love (or lack of love) and the means by which it can be either obtained or lost. Even though the formula occurs in a multitude of thematic contexts, each time it is read or recited it transcends the message to a metatextual level, thereby engaging the listeners to make a choice regarding their own status. The Qur'anic employment of formulae should therefore be discussed not only as a stylistic characteristic of the text but also as part of a deliberate didactic and rhetorical strategy.
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Rosenheim, James M. "Documenting Authority: Texts and Magistracy in Restoration Society." Albion 25, no. 4 (1993): 591–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4051312.
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Despite the initial welcome extended to him, Charles II returned to the English throne in 1660 accompanied by skepticism and even hostility from substantial numbers of his subjects. In the years immediately following the Restoration, the king, his government and the landed order, all uncertain of the extent of their power, strove together to define, reassert, and make it permanent. This was no easy task, in part because the messages of the Restoration were confusing. One was conciliatory, acknowledging that the events of the 1640s and 1650s could not be undone and had to be accommodated in some manner by the new regime. Legal proceedings under the republic were confirmed, passage of the Act of Indemnity signalled the eschewal of systematic revenge, and the retention of Interregnum officials, especially in local administration, deprived triumphant Anglican royalists of the monopoly of power and office for which they had hoped. The other message was conveyed in harsher terms. In many places and from many institutions, adherents of the revolutionary regime did lose their positions, while followers of recently-respectable creeds were now cast as enemies of the state and good order. The new monarchical order held no brief for republicans, and many dissenters of no very radical stripe were quickly placed beyond an official pale because they could not accept a prayer-book order in the church. In the early years of the Restoration, then, policies of accommodation coexisted with those of repression, and we may well ask how in these circumstances an enduring regime was reconstructed.
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Musaev, Makhach A., and Ibragim M. Abakarov. "JONAS HANWAY AND LOUIS BAZIN ON THE DAGESTAN CAMPAIGN OF NADIR SHAH 1741-43." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 15, no. 4 (January 6, 2020): 556–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch154556-572.
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The campaigns of Nadir Shah's troops in Dagestan are devoted to several specialized studies published in the form of monographs, many articles, the preparation of which involved a wide range of sources and diverse literature. At the same time, it cannot be said that it is exhaustive. Interesting information resources about the events of 1741-43 in Dagestan, still not properly studied, include information from Europeans who visited the region in the 30s-40s of the XVIII century. Among those who left written evidence, the Englishman Jonas Hanway and the Frenchman Louis Bazin, who were well acquainted with each other. The first of them published a four-volume collection "Historical account of British trade through the Caspian sea" (London, 1753). The fourth volume contains interesting information about the campaign of Nadir Shah. The events of 1741-43 in Dagestan are described in Chapter XXIX, parts of which are translated from English in this article. The second of them in his letter, written in 1751, describes the events, which he witnessed, because he was in Derbent at the time of arrival there Nadir Shah. The article contains a translation of a passage of a letter from the French language, published in "Instructive and curious letters" (Paris, 1780). The analysis of narratives showed that Bazin's stories served as the main source for Hanway. At the same time he had messages from Europeans who were in the Russian and Persian service, from the Russian military and government officials and, possibly, Persian subjects, which allowed him to make a more informative message.
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Edwards, K. L. "Air–to–ground targeting — UAVs, data links and interoperability (project Extendor)." Aeronautical Journal 108, no. 1088 (October 2004): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000000324.
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Abstract Time-critical targets will generally be observed or ‘sensed’ by personnel inadequately equipped to shoot at them. Since time may be a critical parameter, the passage of information from the ‘sensor’ to the ‘shooter’ must be rapid and accurate. QinetiQ has developed and integrated airborne and ground equipment to facilitate the passage of targeting data digitally over standard air and ground radios. The UK and Holland have selected an integrated rugged PC, internal modem card and purpose-designed software to equip Forward Air Controllers (FACs) to enable digital forward air control. This gives direct interoperability with UK and NATO assets equipped with Improved Data Modem (IDM) technology. A large, and growing, number of air, land and sea assets employ Link-16. This entails entirely different frequency, data rate and, generally, protocol, from the IDM. The UK MoD’s recently-ended applied research EXTENDOR programme was a three-year operational concept demonstrator for the purpose of translating in near real-time between selected key Link-16 and IDM-based messages. The intention was to demonstrate the viability and utility of translation between disparate data links. This staged programme centred around a translation engine designed to be flown in a Predator UAV. The programme was entirely successful, demonstrating the capability to translate both own position and nine-line target data. Thus the position of a non-Link-16-equipped asset could be seen in real time in the Link-16 recognised air picture (RAP). Also, a Link-16 asset was shown to be able to task an IDM-equipped asset with a nine-line brief via the translation engine. The high equipment readiness level offers considerable potential for near-to-medium term operational exploitation.
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Landy, Francis. "The Ghostly Prelude to Deutero-Isaiah." Biblical Interpretation 14, no. 4 (2006): 332–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851506777825278.
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AbstractThe article is a close reading of Isa. 40:1-11, which focuses on its function as a prologue to Deutero-Isaiah, and hence distinguished by its promise of a new beginning, and on its dependence on, and reversal of, the past, the spectral voices it seeks to repatriate. It is concerned with the secondariness of Deutero-Isaiah, and the consequent ambiguity of its messages. The voice of the poet/prophet is refracted through disembodied voices, which themselves cite other voices, before finally adopting that of the female herald, through whom the advent of God becomes manifest, only to be indefinitely deferred through metaphor and simile. In the background there is the frequently asserted relationship with Isaiah 6 as a metapoetic key to the book. Does its purview extend to Isaiah 40, and is the message of comfort conveyed by Deutero-Isaiah subverted by the incomprehensibility mandated by it? The complexities of the passage, and hence of the book as a whole, require attention to the detail of each its parts, but also to its fragmentariness, as it seeks to reconstruct a fractured reality. This is achieved in part through the emphasis on the materiality of the voice, as flesh (basar) and sonority, and as the matrix (mebasseret) of the future. The analysis proceeds from the voice of maternal comfort in vv. 1-2, to the announcement of the way and the universal theophany in vv. 3-5, to the pathos of transience in vv. 6-8, and finally to the deferred resolution in vv. 9-11. In the conclusion I discuss the relation of the text to the Freudian uncanny, the correspondence and non-correspondence with chapter 6, and the question of the relationship between historical and literary approaches.
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Grover, J., and P. J. Roughley. "Expression of cell-surface proteoglycan mRNA by human articular chondrocytes." Biochemical Journal 309, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 963–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3090963.
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The expression of six cell-surface proteoglycans (syndecan, fibroglycan, amphiglycan, glypican, betaglycan and CD44) was studied at the mRNA level. Analysis was performed by Northern blotting using total RNA preparations from freshly isolated articular chondrocytes obtained from both juveniles and adults. Similar results were obtained for both age groups. By far the most abundant message was that for amphiglycan, CD44 message was next in relative abundance, and the messages for fibroglycan, glypican and betaglycan were all expressed at low levels. Syndecan message could not be detected by this technique. This pattern of expression was different to that observed in cultured skin fibroblasts, where the messages for amphiglycan, CD44, fibroglycan and glypican were all expressed at a similar level. In contrast with the fibroblasts, where the amphiglycan message exhibits no size polymorphism, the chondrocyte amphiglycan message is present in three polymorphic forms, due to the use of alternative polyadenylation signals. When the newly isolated chondrocytes are maintained in monolayer culture for several passages, the amphiglycan message heterogeneity reverts to that characteristic of the fibroblasts. Thus human articular chondrocytes are characterized by both their high level of amphiglycan message expression and their use of alternative polyadenylation signals.
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Iwamitsu, Yumi, Mitsuko Ando, Ikumi Honda, Akie Hashi, Sachiko Tsutsui, and Naoto Yamada. "Nurses' Comprehension and Recall Process of a Patient's Message with Double-Bind Information." Psychological Reports 88, no. 3_suppl (June 2001): 1135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3c.1135.
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We examined nurses' comprehension and recall process of patients' passage with double-bind information. We focused on two modes of communication, tone of voice and content of speech. The experiment followed a 2 × 2 × 2 design with respect to listeners (nurse vs student), tone of voice (positive vs negative), and verbal content (positive vs negative). Subjects were 79 nurses who worked at the university hospital and 99 students who were studying at the Faculty of Nursing. Nurses and students were randomly divided into four subgroups; each was presented one of four professionally tape-recorded scripts representing one possible combination of tone of voice and verbal content on the part of a fictitious patient. Listeners then rated the passages on scales and were asked to recall the passages in detail. Listeners recalled and understood passages better when the modes of communication did not conflict. Accuracy in recall reflected comprehension of passages rather than the listener's feelings about the “patient,” especially in double-bind situations. Listeners tended to judge the speaker's feelings by tone of voice rather than verbal content.
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Astina, Astina. "Bridal Shower: Tren Perayaan Melepas Masa Lajang di Kalangan Perempuan di Kota Makassar." Emik 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 160–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46918/emik.v3i2.653.
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Bridal shower is a celebration of letting go of single status adopted from European and American culture. This has become a new form of ceremony held by a friendship group, as the bridesmaids. It examines the adoption process of bridal shower, the process of the celebration itself, and the meaning of such celebration from both bridesmaids and bride to be.
This qualitative research was conducted in the capital city of Makassar, It involved 14 informant whose age between 21 and 26 years. They consist of eight bridesmaids who make and plan a bridal shower, four bride to be who have received a surprise bridal shower celebration, and two party planners who have five years experience in organizing such celebration. Data was collected using the combination of in-depth interview and observation, examining 18 cases of bridal shower celebration.
The study indicates that bridal shower is conducted as a moment of separation and as a form of support from bridesmaids to the bride to be who will be heading to a new life. The reasons behind the celebration of bridal shower includes the presence of group awareness, moment of letting go of friend, as a form of group support, following trend, and as a form of reciprosity. The celebration of bridal shower includes five stages. First, welcoming bride to be with a number of surprises. Second, embedding of attributes with the use of a crown to show the privileges of the bride to be and a shawl as a medium for writing funny messages that generally relate to the transfer of status and sexuality. Third, playing games in the form of questions with sanctions. Fourth, disclosing messages and impressions from the bridesmaid to the bride to be; Fifth, ending up eating together while reminiscing. Although each stage has its own purpose, they are all meant to make the bride to be happy. Bridal shower celebration is full of meanings, namely: as a status switch, as a medium for self reflection and introspection, and as a moment for friendship group existence. Bridesmaids support is very significant considering that the transition from one status to another and incoming new responsibilities both create fears to the bride to be. Thus, bridal shower celebrations become a transitional ritual at the critical moment because, on the one hand, bride to be has already "bound" by the acceptance of groom’s proposal; on the other hand, the status of marriage has not been grasped, a moment which Van Gennep (1960) termed as "rites de passage". A bridal shower celebration is a moment in which the bride to be stretches herself towards getting married. Bridal shower is also a medium for reflection and introspection, accompanied by the expression of messages of "farewell", discourses or advice to the bride to be. Bridal shower is also a moment to show the existence of a friendship group through uploading photos/videos of bridal shower celebration on social media and an event to display status, for both bridesmaids and brides to be.
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Hidayatullah, Muh Gufron, and Syamsul Huda. "INTERPRETASI SYAIKH AL-SHAWI TERHADAP AYAT-AYAT AL-HIDAYAH (STUDI SEMANTIK AYAT-AYAT AL-HIDAYAH)." An-Nisa' : Jurnal Kajian Perempuan dan Keislaman 14, no. 1 (April 5, 2021): 01–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/annisa.v14i1.40.
Full textAbstract:
Trem Al-Hidayah memiliki multi interpretasi yang berhubungan dengan jalan kehidupan (Sabil al-Hayat). Setiap insan diseru untuk menjalankan kehidupannya setakar dengan tolok ukur aturan Allah SWT (hududullah). Ia juga di haruskan untuk selalu mengikuti aturan individu, berkeluarga dan bermasyarakat (ijtimaiyyah). Bertolak dari itu semua, memahami petunjuk tuhan (al-Hidayah mina Allah) merupakan kebutuhan manusia yang subtansial. Agar didalam menjalankan kehidupannya baik yang sifatnya horizontal (hamblum minannas) atau vertikal (hamblum minallah) sesuai dengan Iradtullah. Eksplorasi ini bermaksud untuk memahami bagaimana syaikh al-Shawi dalam menafsirkan ayat-ayat al-Hidayah dalam kitabnya Tasfsir Hasiyah Shawi. Penelitian ini memakai metode kualitatif dengan model penelitian (al-Dirasah al-Maudluiyyah) yang tekanannya pada pendalaman pemahaman topic ayat-ayat al-Hidayah, kemudian mengunakan tehnik Content Analisys yaitu menganalisis hasil makna ayat-ayat al-Hidayah hasil tafsiran Syaikh al-Shawi dan analisis historis atau teori asbab al-Nuzul yaitu uaraian sejarah sebab-sebab turunnya ayat al-Qur’an. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa al-Hidayah bukanlah keberhasilan seseorang dalam menjalankan kehidupan, sebagaimana anggapan banyak orang akan tetapi al-Hidayah adalah petunjuk tuhan baik berupa al-Qur’an atau Sunnah beserta interpretasinya meskipun orang tersebut belum mengikuti petunjuk-Nya. The tram of Al-Hidayah is subject to multiple interpretations that intertwine with the pathway of life (Sabil al-Hayat). Every soul is commanded to conduct their life adhering to the etiquette arranged by Allah SWT (hududullah). One is also obligated to always follow the etiquette whether as an individual, in a family, and in a society (ijtimaiyyah). Following that, understanding the messages from God (al-Hidayah mina Allah) has then become a crucial necessity for one. In order to live a good life, be it in accordance to the Earth and everything within (hamblum minannas), or in accordance to God (hamblum minallah) entwined with Iradtullah. This exploration is meant to gain understanding on how Syaikh al-Shawi interpreted the passages of al-Hidayah in his book, Tasfsir Hasiyah Shawi. This research used the qualitative method with a research model (al-Dirasah al-Maudluiyyah) that emphasizes on deepening the understanding of the topics in al-Hidayah passages. Content analysis was then used to analyze the meaning of al-Hidayah passages according to Syaikh al-Shawi’s interpretation, and a historical analysis or the theory of asbab al-Nuzul, which is the chronological backstory to every passage of Al-Qur’an that has been passed down to the humankind. The result of this research showed that al-Hidayah is not about someone’s success in living their life as many have assumed, instead al-Hidayah is a direction from God in the form of both al-Qur’an and as-Sunnah along with its interpretations, even if one might have not yet followed His guidance.
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Hutton, Alison, Allison Roderick, Rebecca Munt, Lidia Mayner, Mayumi Kako, and Paul Arbon. "Celebrating the End of School Life: A Pilot Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 27, no. 1 (February 2012): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11006765.
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AbstractIntroduction: Celebrating the end of secondary schooling (“Schoolies Festival”) is an established part of the school culture in Australia, with thousands of young students converging at beachside locations to celebrate this rite of passage. The aim of this study was to identify what young people believe is important to remain safe and healthy at this mass-gathering event.Methods: This study was conducted using postcard surveys requesting demographic data and responses to the questions: (1) What do you think is important to stay safe and healthy at this event?; (2) What do you think is risky attending this event?; (3) Which of these is most likely to affect you at this event?; and (4) Where would you seek medical support? The surveys were distributed to attendees of a “Schoolies Festival” in Adelaide, Australia in 2008.Results: One hundred sixty-five of the 300 postcards were returned completed. The average age of the respondents was 17.7 years. “Not using drugs” was considered important to staying safe and healthy by 120 (73%) of respondents; “drinking alcohol responsibly” was considered important by 89 (54%); and “violent behavior” and “exposure to illicit drugs” were identified as important risks by 135 (82%) and 98 (59%) of participants, respectively. Only 35 (21%) of respondents indicated that they would seek on-site health care if needed.Conclusion: Young people attending mass-gathering celebrations have valid concerns about drinking responsibly, exposure to illicit drugs, and sexual harassment. Health messages or health promotion strategies aimed at their specific concerns would be helpful in the mitigation of illness or injury at such events.
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Matswah, Akrimi. "Mustansir Mir and a Contemporary Literary Approach to the Qaṣaṣ al-Qur’ān: Study of Qur’anic Story of Joseph." Ulumuna 21, no. 2 (May 2, 2018): 391–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v21i2.274.
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The textuality of the Qur'an contains a high quality of literary aspect. Therefore, a literary approach to the Qur’an is one of the ways in the understanding of the meaning and message of it. This approach has been used by modern and contemporary Muslim scholars, and even by western scholars of Qur’an studies. This paper discusses Mustansir Mir’s thought and literary approach to the Qur’an, focusing on the story of Joseph. This study shows that Mir reflects on the nature and power of God and reveals the moral messages in the scene and structured dialogue on the passages in Sūra Yūsuf. It also reveals that Mir’s approach to the story is structural where he elaborates the structure, plot, and scene of the story and connects them with the moral message of the story.
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Jafari, Maryam, Shiva Zaheri Birgani, and Mahnaz Soqandi. "Bergsonian Study: Time Experience According to Adolescence in Mansfield’s Stories." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 1, no. 1 (June 23, 2019): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biarjohs.v1i1.2.
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With the advent of modernism and new philosophical and scientific ideas, the concept of time was treated in a new way. Bergson’s philosophy about time had a great influence on modernist writers and artist. One of the writers who were influenced by him is Katherine Mansfield. Therefore we could see Bergson’s theory of time used by her in her stories to convert her own messages. Katherine Mansfield was one of these writers that made use of different techniques in her stories in order to show time. She was much influenced by the French philosopher Henri Bergson and made use of his thoughts in her stories. This paper is going to present how Mansfield shows the concept of time in her stories and what strategies she uses to show the inner time and outer time of her characters. The study also wants to show effects of time on her characters and how being in a certain age of life, status and class in society affects the perceiving of time in people. The major concern of these stories is to show the significance of time according to Bergson’s linear and subjective theory of time. These stories show how characters experience duration in their mind and how the linear passage of time mainly affects them. The main purpose of this paper is to study the notion of time according to Bergson’s linear and subjective time in Mansfield’s stories. According to this theory there are two kinds of time, the spatial time and duration (inner time). Reality is only in the duration of individuals and the only way to achieve freedom is through duration.
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Muñoz Gallarte, Israel. "Luke 24 Reconsidered." Novum Testamentum 59, no. 2 (March 9, 2017): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685365-12340003.
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One of the climactic passages of the third Gospel is that in which Jesus probes by his resurrection and bodily presence that his message has been confirmed. Consequently, Luke 24 has been of interest to many researchers, but it seems there remain still some exegetical puzzles such as the literary model of the pericope 24:36-49. This article will deal with some questions regarding the meaning of this issue and will try to formulate a response to some open questions by considering the passage in the context of the stories of apparitions of the Imperial Greek and Roman literatures.
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Ojeda, William. "Aproximación a mecanismos digitales en amazonía ecuatoriana partiendo de muestreo en la Universidad Estatal Amazónica." Revista Científica Retos de la Ciencia 3, no. 7 (July 1, 2019): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.53877/rc.3.7.20190701.06.
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It reflects on new mechanisms of consumption and access to information used by young people, taking as a starting point the result of the study conducted among undergraduate students, second semester of 2018 at the Amazonian State University, Ecuador, which shows a clear shift from conventional media, through new digital instruments on the rise, a situation that poses new mechanisms, languages and information consumption habits. The objective is to identify young people's interest in certain information and the mechanisms through which they access it. The scope of the study is limited because it is restricted to the Amazon region, and specifically to the group of students who entered the period and institution indicated above. The methodological approach is two-dimensional, since a documentary work is developed in order to evaluate the different theoretical approaches related to founding reflections and the most recent contributions in the field of communication within the framework of the globalization process. An experimental phase is also carried out by means of a sample survey. Among the results of the analysis, note is taken of the redimensioning of interpersonal relations promoted by the digital era of this time, when new procedures that force the resemantization and re-signification of concepts and messages hit the scene; with a redimensioning of the public space of encounter in social interrelations, where the transitory emerges as an essential characteristic of a new public square of socialization, but now virtual, as a public sphere of passage that gradually becomes an ordinary stage. It is concluded that there is a majority inclination among young people starting university studies in Ecuador, specifically in the Amazon region, to inform themselves about events they consider relevant through the Internet and digital platforms, to the detriment of conventional information media that have been gradually displaced from attention. KEYWORDS: communication, digital networks, public square, conventional media.
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Wei, Longxing. "Syntactic Markedness as a Stylistic Feature in the Great Gatsby." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 3, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v3n1p15.
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<em>This study investigates the linguistic code choices of Francis Stott Fitzgerald for one of his masterpieces: The Great Gatsby. It hypothesizes that as a linguistic virtuoso, Fitzgerald exploits marked linguistic choices to convey his intentional meaning throughout the novel. “Marked” linguistic choices are defined as departures from the expected or the norm to negotiate a change during a discourse. This study assumes that the writer who is a linguistic virtuoso will “mark” the crucial passages (i.e., the passages which carry the author’s most important messages) by using marked syntactic structures and certain grammatical categories to set them off from the rest of the work. The study aims to find whether Fitzgerald marks the crucial narrative passages in The Great Gatsby by using particular syntactic structures which are demonstratively different from the typical narrative passages in the novel as a whole. To do so, it analyzes five passages which are crucial in carrying the “authorial message”, and these passages differ syntactically from five matched passages which largely function only to carry the story line forward. The stylistic analysis rests on a frequency count of the major components of the phrase structure and the most important grammatical categories in the paired paragraphs. Based on the analytical results, this study reaches the conclusion that the syntactic markedness stands out as a stylistic feature in The Great Gatsby, and such a stylistic feature can only become salient beyond surface-level considerations of phrase structure and grammatical categories in any stylistic analysis of literary works.</em>
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Nagler, Michael N. "Discourse and Conflict in Hesiod: Eris and the Erides." Ramus 21, no. 1 (1992): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x0000268x.
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One approaches Hesiod's discourse on the twoerides—or, if I am correct, the duplicitous nature oferis—with some trepidation, since the scholarship on this passage has been voluminous and rewarding. But the passage, which Hesiod launches into immediately after the formal prologue of theWorks and Days(11-26), may yet have more to teach us. It is, as Richard Hamilton has recently shown, programmatic for the entire poem; it may also be a definitive statement on the archaic construction of competition and conflict. In it Hesiod urges his brother explicitly (as he does implicitly throughout the poem) to stop coming after him for their father's patrimony and do some productive work; however this simple message is embedded in traditional allusions, poised between intense ambiguities and (like all good archaic poetry) fraught with the resonance of larger issues. All this has made it difficult to achieve scholarly consensus about the meaning of the passage. A close and helpful parallel is provided in theWorks and Daysitself by the brief discussion of the two functions ofaidōs(317-19), helpful primarily because it is in fact one principle with two functions that Hesiod describes there; but to put into relief more of the complexity of 11-16 we need to look at two other archaic passages that offer some perspective on the application of dualistic logic to conflict and related issues.
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Lambert, Sylvie. "The Effect of Ear of Information Reception on the Proficiency of Simultaneous Interpretation." Meta 38, no. 2 (September 30, 2002): 198–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003385ar.
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Abstract In an attempt to bring together information about simultaneous interpretation, on the one hand, and cerebral dominance, on the other, this study examines the relative proficiency of interpreters when processing information received through one ear or the other as opposed to two ears. Eighteen subjects (professional interpreters and interpretation students) simultaneously interpreted spoken passages from L2 to Ll: one passage was presented to the interpreters' left ear, one to their right ear, and one to both ears. Results indicated that interpreters performed significantly better when the message was presented to one ear or the other rather than to both ears. Furthermore, there was evidence suggesting that the left-ear-to-right-hemisphere route yielded the best performance. The results are discussed in terms of the nature of the tasks involved during simultaneous interpretation as well as cerebral dominance among bilingual individuals.
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Odorico, Paolo. "Le backgammon de Kékaumenos. À propos d’un passage peu clair et d’une bataille peu connue." Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, no. 50-1 (2013): 423–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi1350423o.
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The Strat?gikon of Cecaumenus tells the story of Basil Pediadites, who has suffered the ironic attacks of the emperor for having played tavla during his mission in Sicily. The message, rather strange, is explained in a different way: in the imperial message the issue was a pun, concerning tavla and a locality in the plain, which could be identified with current Piano Tavola near Catania.
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Neumann, Nils. "Kein Gewinn = Gewinn Die kynisch geprägte Struktur der Argumentation in 1 Tim 6:3-12." Novum Testamentum 51, no. 2 (2009): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853608x399133.
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AbstractIn the last chapter of 1 Timothy there is one passage arguing passionately and polemically against differently minded teachers. It calls on its readers to beware of the different teaching (1 Tim 6:3-12). This New Testament text brings forward a train of thought that shows far reaching parallels to the Cynic Philosophy of the 1st and 2nd centuries A.D. The criticism which 1 Timothy passes on its opponents corresponds to the criticism of the contemporary Cynics against their adversaries. It mainly concerns the hypocritical motivations that lead the differently minded teachers to preach their message: according to the view of their critics they only aim to make money out of their teachings. In this reasoning polemical and paraenetical components unite. The careful consideration of this New Testament passage's similarity to the cynic world of thought also faciliates the description of the specific character in the intention of 1 Timothy against the cynic background, i.e. the christological accentuation of the favoured good teaching and lifestyle.
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Imbaquingo Pérez, María Isabel. "Maternidad en red. Comunidades digitales de crianza como espacios de deconstrucción de la identidad en la maternidad = Motherhood on the web. Online parenting communities as forums for deconstructing identity in motherhood." FEMERIS: Revista Multidisciplinar de Estudios de Género 4, no. 1 (January 29, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/femeris.2019.4564.
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Resumen. El presente artículo explora la función de las comunidades digitales de crianza en el ejercicio de la maternidad, enmarcado dentro del concepto general de “maternaje”. Para lograr este objetivo se realizó un análisis del proceso discursivo de las integrantes del Círculo de Crianza Vertiente de Amor y Vida, que consistió en la confrontación de los mensajes generados en el grupo virtual y diversos conceptos y perspectivas teóricas sobre las transformaciones y “contradicciones culturales” de la maternidad y la forma en que las nuevas tecnologías intermedian y modifican la manera en que las madres interactúan en la actualidad. El análisis reveló que la comunidad virtual cumple una función en la forma en que las mujeres deconstruyen su identidad y el lugar de pertenencia en la maternidad. De la misma forma, se estableció que la sociedad, a través del discurso, somete a las mujeres a una comunicación de doble vínculo que impide una comprensión clara de la maternidad; la comunidad digital puede ofrecer oportunidades de evitar o superar este doble vínculo. Finalmente, el estudio determinó que existen mujeres que se encuentran en un estado liminal entre el ejercicio de la maternidad y su reconocimiento social como madres. La comunidad virtual puede permitir a las mujeres concluir con ese estado e incorporarse a uno nuevo que valida la maternidad.Palabras clave: maternidad, discurso, crianza, comunidad digital, doble vínculo, rito de pasaje Abstract. This article explores the role of online parenting communities in the exercise of motherhood, within the general concept of “mothering”. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the discursive process of the members of the Breeding Circle of Love and Life was carried out, which consisted of the discussion of the messages generated in the online group and various concepts hood and the way in which new technologies influence and change the way mothers interact today. The analysis revealed that the online community plays a role in the way women deconstruct their identity and their place within motherhood. In the same way, it was established that society, through discourse, subjects women to a double bind communication that prevents a clear understanding of motherhood. The online community can offer opportunities to avoid or overcome this double bind. Finally, the study determined that there are women who are in a liminal state between the exercise of motherhood and their social recognition as mothers. The online community can allow women to end that status and join a new one that validates motherhood.Keywords: motherhood, discourse, breeding, online community, Double Bind, rite of passage
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FUJII, SEIJI. "Political Shirking – Proposition 13 vs. Proposition 8." Japanese Journal of Political Science 10, no. 2 (August 2009): 213–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109909003533.
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AbstractThis paper considers the efficiency of the political market in the California State legislature. I analyzed the property tax limitation voter initiative, Proposition 13. I found that districts which supported Proposition 13 more strongly were more likely to oppose the incumbents regardless of whether the incumbents had the different preferences for property taxes from their districts. I also studied how legislators voted on the bills adopted after the passage of Proposition 13 to finance local governments. I found that legislators tended to follow the constituents’ will after they received the voters’ tax-cutting message expressed by the passage of Proposition 13.
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Samet, Nili. "How Deterministic is Qohelet? A New Reading of the Appendix to the Catalogue of Times." Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 131, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 577–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaw-2019-4004.
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Abstract This paper examines the message of Qohelet’s Catalogue of Times and its interpretive appendix. Scholars disagree on the extent to which this unit deviates from the traditional free-will theology of the Bible. The paper presents a fresh reading of the passage, which sheds new light on the problem of determinism in Qohelet. Beginning by a novel delineation for the unit, it then suggests fresh solutions for the main exegetical cruxes of the passage (3:14, 15, 17), and finally presents an innovative, somewhat radical, understanding of Qohelet’s approach towards the problem of free will.
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Rotman, Marco. "The “Others” Coming to John the Baptist and the Text of Josephus." Journal for the Study of Judaism 49, no. 1 (February 22, 2018): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700631-12491167.
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Abstract Josephus’s passage on John the Baptist (Ant. 18.116-119) contains a much-discussed crux interpretum: who are the “others” that are inspired by John’s words and ready to do everything he said (§118), and who are distinguished from those who gave heed to his message and were baptized (§117)? After a brief discussion of the textual witnesses, text, and translation of the passage in question, various interpretations of “the others” are discussed, none of which is entirely satisfactory. In this article a case will be made for accepting the conjecture originally proposed by Benedikt Niese, who assumed that Josephus originally wrote ἀνθρώπων “people” instead of ἄλλων “others.”
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Rezcallah, Myrna S., Michael D. P. Boyle, and Darren D. Sledjeski. "Mouse skin passage of Streptococcus pyogenes results in increased streptokinase expression and activity." Microbiology 150, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26826-0.
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The plasminogen activator streptokinase has been proposed to be a key component of a complex mechanism that promotes skin invasion by Streptococcus pyogenes. This study was designed to compare ska gene message and protein levels in wild-type M1 serotype isolate 1881 and a more invasive variant recovered from the spleen of a lethally infected mouse. M1 isolates selected for invasiveness demonstrated enhanced levels of active plasminogen activator activity in culture. This effect was due to a combination of increased expression of the ska gene and decreased expression of the speB gene. The speB gene product, SpeB, was found to efficiently degrade streptokinase in vitro.
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Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad-Ali. "Muḥammad the Paraclete and ʿAlī the Messiah: New Remarks on the Origins of Islam and of Shiʿite Imamology." Der Islam 95, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 30–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/islam-2018-0002.
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Abstract: For all those interested in the religious history of the Near and Middle East during Late Antiquity, the advent of Muḥammad in Arabia and the beginnings of Islam are exciting fields of research. The present study tries to put these subjects into perspective within the broad historical and spiritual context of the 6th and 7th centuries. It is based on a sort of syllogism: Muḥammad and his message belong to Jewish, Christian or Judeo-Christian monotheisms (as attested by the Qurʾān and the Ḥadīth); Muḥammad’s first messages seem to announce the imminent end of the world (as is evident from many Quranic passages and several very early ḥadīths); so Muḥammad cannot but announce the coming of the Messiah as the Savior of the End of the world. On this last point, the Qurʾān remains curiously silent, but according to a large number of ancient ḥadiths, Muḥammad actually announces the imminent coming of the Messiah and the latter is none other than Jesus. At the same time, for some followers of Muḥammad, ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib seems to have been the second Jesus, Christ and Messiah of the apocalyptic times. After the death of Muḥammad and ʿAlī, the non-advent of the end of the world, the ridda wars, the Arab conquests and the establishment of the empire, events evolved into different directions than expected at the beginning.
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Stoddard, Kathryn B. "The Programmatic Message of the "Kings and Singers" Passage: Hesiod, Theogony 80-103." Transactions of the American Philological Association 133, no. 1 (2003): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/apa.2003.0010.
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Bates, Clark. "The Paradox of the Easy Yoke: A Survey of χρηστός in Greek Literature and the Interpretational Implications for Matthew 11:30." Expository Times 131, no. 1 (May 17, 2019): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014524619848653.
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Matthew 11:30 could easily be considered one of the most recognizable passages of the New Testament. Many find comfort and fortitude in the words of Jesus, and warm to the idea that his ‘yoke’; is ‘easy’ and ‘burden’, ‘light’. However recognized and familiar this passage may be, it has not gone unnoticed throughout scholarship as a persistent word study in need of incessant explanation. While copious amounts of ink have been spilt discussing the nature of the ‘yoke’ in Matthew 11:30, it is the position of this article that the author of Matthew, had no intention of creating such a mystery. Rather, that the emphasis is to be found in the nature of the yoke itself and the attributive use of χρηστός in Greco-Roman literature, including that of the Greek Old Testament, and the writings of the first-century Christians. This article seeks to demonstrate that the use of χρηστός in the Matthean Gospel does not mean ‘easy’ by English standards, nor was this what the audience of this Gospel would have taken it to mean, given the common use of the term. This is accomplished through an engagement of the text and message of Matthew, followed by an examination of the word’s use in Classical Greek compositions and the Apostolic Fathers, as well as its use in the LXX and the New Testament.
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XII, Pie. "La technique et les valeurs humaines." Relations industrielles 8, no. 2 (February 25, 2014): 230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1022960ar.
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Sommaire A chaque année depuis son accession au souverain pontificat, le Pape Pie XII profite de la fête de Noël pour adresser un message à l'univers entier. Il y aborde toujours un sujet qu'il considère d'une importance primordiale. Le dernier message du 25 décembre 1952 porte sur l'organisation de la société humaine et sur les rapports entre les peuples. Le pape souligne l'éminente dignité de la personne humaine et prend sa défense contre un danger en train de la menacer : son étouffement par la technique et l'organisation. Comme ces profondes vérités doivent être constamment à l'esprit de tous ceux qui s'occupent de relations du travail, nous avons extrait de ce message certains passages qui valent la peine d'être médités.
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Cleere, Henry. "Managing the archaeological heritage." Antiquity 67, no. 255 (June 1993): 400–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00045488.
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The need for dynamic management of the archaeological heritage, aptly if somewhat ponderously described as "a non-renewable cultural resource’, was first recognized in the USA in the early 1970s following the passage of the Archaeological and Historic Preservation Act (still fondly known to veterans of the struggles that led up to its enactment as "Moss-Bennett’ after its sponsors in the House of Representatives). The message spread slowly across the world and into the consciousness of international bodies.
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Neutel, Karin B. "Women's Silence and Jewish Influence: The Problematic Origins of the Conjectural Emendation on 1 Cor 14.33b–35." New Testament Studies 65, no. 4 (September 6, 2019): 477–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0028688519000225.
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This article explores the origins of the conjectural emendation on 1 Cor 14.33b–35, first made in 1863 by Jan Willem Straatman. It shows that Straatman attributes the instruction on women's silence to Jewish influence and bases his view on a reconstruction of early Christianity in which Paul and his Gentile message were opposed by Jewish adversaries. This anti-Jewish tendency persisted in subsequent scholarship and has continued to characterise the understanding of this passage into the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
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Derrett, J. Duncan M. "Preaching to the Coast (Mark 4:1)." Evangelical Quarterly 73, no. 3 (April 16, 2001): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27725472-07303001.
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The article explores the significance of Jesus’ preaching to the crowds beside the Sea of Galilee in the gospel of Mark in the light of OT references to the coastlands and to the mixed multitude in Ex. 12:38. Passages from Isaiah prove that coastlands, such as the shore of the Lake, will receive the Messiah’s message.
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Rzymkiewicz, D., K. Leingang, N. Baird, and A. R. Morrison. "Regulation of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase gene expression in rat mesangial cells by interleukin-1 beta." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 266, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): F39—F45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1994.266.1.f39.
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In primary cultures of rat mesangial cells from passage 3 to 6, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) induced a time-dependent increase in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) formation and release into the extracellular medium. This increase was associated with a dramatic upregulation of the steady-state levels of mRNA for the prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase (PES)-2 gene transcript as demonstrated by Northern analysis. In contrast, there did not appear to be a significant increase in the mRNA levels for a 2.8-kb transcript for the PES-1 gene. At 18 h of exposure to IL-1, the steady-state level of message for PES-2 remained elevated at 50% of the 2-h time point. Culturing the cells in the presence of cycloheximide and IL-1 demonstrated a superinduction of the PES-2 message without any change in PES-1 message. The tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), was also associated with an upregulation of the message for the PES-2 gene and did not influence the levels of the message for the PES-1 gene as demonstrated by Northern analysis. Dexamethasone (Dex) inhibited to control levels the induction by PMA, but the induction of the message by IL-1 was only inhibited 30%. Despite 70% of the message being present by 2 h of induction, Dex was capable of totally inhibiting the inductive effect of IL-1 with respect to PGE2 biosynthesis. Immunocytochemical studies demonstrated a dramatic induction of PES-2 protein by IL-1, which was inhibited by Dex. The data suggest that Dex inhibits the translation of the PES-2 protein.