Relevant bibliographies by topics / Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE)"

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Torbic, Darren, Lily Elefteriadou, Tien-Jung Ho, and Ying Wang. "Passenger Car Equivalents for Highway Cost Allocation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1576, no. 1 (1997): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1576-05.

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Existing passenger car equivalent (PCE) values do not necessarily serve the purposes of highway cost allocation well, since their derivation has followed from a need to determine equivalency for traffic operations purposes. Highway cost allocation demands better knowledge of equivalencies among vehicle classes, for a wide range of vehicle types, and under the full range of traffic conditions. There are several possible methods for PCE development and various suggested PCE values, but there is currently no information on the suitability of these methods and estimates for cost allocation purpose
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Mohan, Mithun, and Satish Chandra. "Concept of queue clearance rate for estimation of equivalency factors at priority junctions." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, no. 7 (2016): 593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2015-0396.

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Traffic in developing countries is often distinguished from others for its diversity in vehicular composition and passenger car equivalents (PCE) becomes essential in such conditions for expressing traffic volume in terms of equivalent number of passenger cars. The PCE estimation at two-way stop-controlled intersections in developing countries is further complicated by the lack of movement priority and lane discipline. The study introduces a method to find PCE factors based on the time taken by a queue of vehicles to completely clear the intersection and composition of the queue. The method is
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Zhou, Jianan, Laurence Rilett, Elizabeth Jones, and Yifeng Chen. "Estimating Passenger Car Equivalents on Level Freeway Segments Experiencing High Truck Percentages and Differential Average Speeds." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 15 (2018): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118798237.

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In the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), the passenger car equivalent (PCE) of a truck is used to account for the impacts of trucks on traffic flow. The 2010 HCM PCE values were estimated by the equal-density method using a FRESIM simulation. It was determined that the truck PCE for level freeway segments was 1.5 for all conditions. In the 2016 HCM, the PCE values were based on VISSIM simulation output at 1 min intervals along a three-lane, 13 mile (8 mile level and 5 mile graded) section of a roadway. It was determined that the truck PCE for level freeway segments was 2.0. It is hypothesized in
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Elefteriadou, Lily, Darren Torbic, and Nathan Webster. "Development of Passenger Car Equivalents for Freeways, Two-Lane Highways, and Arterials." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1572, no. 1 (1997): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1572-07.

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Passenger car equivalents (PCEs) have been used extensively in the Highway Capacity Manual to establish the impact of trucks, buses, and recreational vehicles on traffic operations. PCEs are currently being used for studying freeways, multilane highways, and two-lane highways. A heavy-vehicle factor is directly given for the impact of heavy vehicles at signalized intersections (and indirectly along arterials). These PCE values are typically based on a limited number of simulations and on older simulation models. In addition, the impact of variables such as traffic flow, truck percentage, truck
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Nassiri, Habibollah, Sara Tabatabaie, and Sina Sahebi. "Delay-based Passenger Car Equivalent at Signalized Intersections in Iran." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 29, no. 2 (2017): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v29i2.2040.

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Due to their different sizes and operational characteristics, vehicles other than passenger cars have a different influence on traffic operations especially at intersections. The passenger car equivalent (PCE) is the parameter that shows how many passenger cars must be substituted for a specific heavy vehicle to represent its influence on traffic operation. PCE is commonly estimated using headway-based methods that consider the excess headway utilized by heavy vehicles. In this research, the PCE was estimated based on the delay parameter at three signalized intersections in Tehran, Iran. The d
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Ramlan, Ratnasari, Ahmad Munawar, and Muhammad Zudhy Irawan. "Estimation of Passenger Car Equivalent Value for Unsignalized Intersections in Yogyakarta." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 28, no. 2 (2023): 250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v28i2.34977.

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Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) is expected to be very accurate because it is very important in determining the capacity, degree of saturation, and handling of unsignalized intersections. Several methods have been used to estimate the PCE value, but based on the literature review, it is stated that the occupancy time method and the speed method are the most applicable for the unsignalized intersection conditions. This study aims to determine the most appropriate PCE value by comparing the occupancy time method and the speed method. To determine the most appropriate method in calculating the PCE
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Subotić, Marko Miladin, and Vladan Jevđen Tubić. "Car Equivalents Dependence on the Longitudinal Road Gradient on Two-lane Roads in Bosnia and Herzegovina." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 29, no. 4 (2017): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v29i4.2226.

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The main objective of this paper, based upon the extensive empirical research of free flow in local conditions, is to quantify the unfavourable impact of the flow structure on the road capacity using PCE (Passenger Car Equivalent) values as a function of longitudinal grade. Based on literature reviews and empirical research, it has been proved that the PCE value for all vehicle classes is directly correlated with the road gradient. The PCE values in free flow conditions have been determined for the approved vehicle classes. Based on the measured values, models for determining the average PCE v
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Webster, Nathan, and Lily Elefteriadou. "A simulation study of truck passenger car equivalents (PCE) on basic freeway sections." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 33, no. 5 (1999): 323–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-8564(98)00036-6.

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Zhou, Jianan, Laurence Rilett, and Elizabeth Jones. "Sensitivity Analysis of Speed Limit, Truck Lane Restrictions, and Data Aggregation Level on the HCM-6 Passenger Car Equivalent Estimation Methodology for Western U.S. Conditions." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 11 (2019): 493–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119851451.

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In the 2016 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM-6), the impact of trucks on freeway operations is measured by passenger car equivalents (PCEs). PCEs are estimated by the equal capacity methodology. The HCM-6 PCE values are based on the assumptions that passenger cars and trucks travel at the same free-flow speed, that they travel on freeways with three lanes per direction, and that they travel in traffic with no more than 25% trucks. On Interstate 80 in western Nebraska, it is observed that the interaction of high truck percentages and large speed differences between passenger cars and trucks may res
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Lu, Pan, Zijian Zheng, Denver Tolliver, and Danguang Pan. "Measuring Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE) for Heavy Vehicle on Two Lane Highway Segments Operating Under Various Traffic Conditions." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (January 17, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6972958.

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Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE) is essential for transportation engineering to assess heavy vehicles’ (HV) impact on highway operations and capacity planning. Highway Capacity Manual 2010 (HCM 2010) used PCE values and percent of heavy vehicles to account the impacts on both highway planning and operation, however, PCE values in the latest version of HCM derived based on the steady and balanced two-lane-two-way (TLTW) traffic flows. The objective of the study is to identify PCE values for TLTW highway at various traffic volume with an emphasis on congestion conditions. This study introduces an
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE)"

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Ingle, Anthony. "Development of Passenger Car Equivalents for Basic Freeway Segments." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33951.

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Passenger car equivalents (PCEs) are used in highway capacity analysis to convert a mixed vehicle flow into an equivalent passenger car flow. This calculation is relevant to capacity and level of service determination, lane requirements, and determining the effect of traffic on highway operations. The most recent Highway Capacity Manual 2000 reports PCEs for basic freeway segments according to percent and length of grade and proportion of heavy vehicles. Heavy vehicles are considered to be either of two categories: trucks and buses or RVs. For trucks and buses, PCEs are reported for a typical
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Lennie, Sandra Christine. "Assessing the spatial impacts of multi-combination vehicles on an urban motorway." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16066/1/Sandra_Lennie_Thesis.pdf.

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Multi-combination vehicles (MCVs) in urban areas impact on productivity, safety, infrastructure, congestion and the environment. However, psychological effects of MCVs on other drivers may also influence the positioning of vehicles and congestion. A literature review revealed little information on the psychological effects of heavy vehicles on other road users. This research can be used to quantify some psychological impacts of MCVs. A testing program was undertaken on the Gateway Motorway to observe passenger car behaviour around MCVs in a lateral and longitudinal sense. Video foot
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Lennie, Sandra Christine. "Assessing the spatial impacts of multi-combination vehicles on an urban motorway." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16066/.

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Multi-combination vehicles (MCVs) in urban areas impact on productivity, safety, infrastructure, congestion and the environment. However, psychological effects of MCVs on other drivers may also influence the positioning of vehicles and congestion. A literature review revealed little information on the psychological effects of heavy vehicles on other road users. This research can be used to quantify some psychological impacts of MCVs. A testing program was undertaken on the Gateway Motorway to observe passenger car behaviour around MCVs in a lateral and longitudinal sense. Video foot
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Carvalho, Luan Guilherme Staichak. "Calibração do modelo de desempenho de caminhões do Vissim." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18144/tde-18022019-112511/.

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Simuladores de tráfego são ferramentas importantes para planejamento e operação do tráfego, pois permitem avaliar cenários de maneira segura e com baixo custo. Porém, a configuração original desses programas é ajustada para replicar as condições do tráfego observado no país de origem do simulador. Em rodovias, o modelo de desempenho de caminhões tem grande influência no comportamento da corrente de tráfego. No Vissim, todavia, esse modelo simula veículos com melhor desempenho, se comparados aos caminhões brasileiros. Apresenta-se neste trabalho a calibração das funções de aceleração para camin
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Chitturi, Madhav Vijaya. "Methodology for development of delay-based passenger car equivalents of heavy vehicles in work zones /." 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3290203.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007.<br>Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-11, Section: B, page: 7508. Adviser: Rahim F. Benekohal. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 216-222) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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Ferreira, Rita Alexandra da Cruz Braz. "Avaliação da influência dos veículos pesados no desempenho operacional da infraestrutura rodoviária, recorrendo a técnicas de microssimulação." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/82902.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Civil apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia<br>O tráfego rodoviário é caraterizado por um grande número de diferentes tipos de veículos, e, devido às suas caraterísticas físicas e mecânicas, têm diferente influência no desempenho da infraestrutura rodoviária. Devido às suas dimensões e relação peso/potência, os veículos pesados caracterizam-se habitualmente pela prática de velocidades inferiores às do tráfego de veículos ligeiros, sendo esse efeito particularmente agravado em rampas ascendentes de elevada inclinação. Tal característica
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Book chapters on the topic "Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE)"

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Roess, Roger P., and Elena S. Prassas. "Passenger Car Equivalents and Other Adjustment Factors." In The Highway Capacity Manual: A Conceptual and Research History. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05786-6_4.

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Wang, Xu, Weiwei Qi, and Mina Ghanbarikarekani. "Estimation of Heavy Vehicle Passenger Car Equivalents for On-Ramp Adjacent Zones Under Different Traffic Volumes: A Case Study." In Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92231-7_35.

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Conference papers on the topic "Passenger Car Equivalents (PCE)"

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Lertworawanich, Ponlathep. "How Passenger Car Equivalents (PCEs) Change with Densities?" In 2024 IEEE 27th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc58415.2024.10919528.

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Nemchinov, Dmitri, Dmitri Martiakhin, Pavel Pospelov, Tatiana Komarova, and Alexandr Mikhailov. "The effect of the traffic composition on the urban traffic capacity. Passenger car equivalent coefficients." In 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1001.

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Predicting the traffic capacity and its elements requires bringing the traffic flow represented by various vehicles to uniformity expressed in the equivalent number of passenger cars, through the use of the passenger car equivalent coefficients (PCE). The currently used in Russian Federation passenger car equivalent coefficients are taken on the basis of studies of the capacity of the Russian Federation, carried out in the 70s - 80s of the last century on rural roads, where most of the vehicles were heavy vehicles. Currently, the traffic flow is mostly represented by passenger cars. The riding
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Liu, Juanjuan. "Study on Passenger Car Equivalents Based on the Emissions." In International Conference of Logistics Engineering and Management (ICLEM) 2010. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41139(387)91.

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Salawavidana, S. A. S. T., H. R. Pasindu, J. M. S. J. Bandara, and R. Munasinghe. "A New metric for the estimation of dynamic PCU's in intersections under heterogeneous traffic conditions." In Transport Research Forum 2025. Transportation Engineering Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Moratuwa, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31705/trf.2025.6.

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Most of the traffic signal design manuals currently in use across the globe have been developed based on traffic conditions typically found in developed countries. These conditions are generally characterized by car-dominant, lane-compliant, and nearly homogeneous traffic flows. As such, the foundational parameters used in these manuals—Passenger Car Units (PCU) and Saturation Flow (SF)—reflect these structured and disciplined conditions. However, applying these parameters to traffic systems in developing countries, which often exhibit vastly different characteristics, raises critical concerns
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