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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Passenger railway'
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1
Toman, Ivo. "Low cost business model in passenger railway transportation." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71847.
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Investigation of potential implementation of low-cost business model in passenger railway transportation. Analysis of techniques used in different industries and evaluation of potential of such techniques.
2
Yuen, Lap-hang, and 元立行. "Forecasting the domestic patronage of the Kowloon-Canton railway." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42574237.
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Medcalf, Alexander James. "Picturing the railway passenger as customer in Britain : the Great Western Railway, 1906-39." Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2794/.
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This thesis argues that during the early twentieth century the Great Western Railway changed its attitudes to customers. Previously, passengers were viewed as a captive market needing little encouragement. This thesis finds that around 1900 the company’s attitude shifted; it began to consider passengers as individuals with wants and desires that required satisfaction. During the next forty years, the GWR continued to hone its strategies in an effort to become customer orientated. The reasoning behind this and how the company’s marketing strategy was enacted is exposed using overlooked corporate photographs, sources which provide the greatest evidence for a reconceptualisation of attitudes towards customers. The company’s photographs were never merely illustrative or secondary to more commonly analysed sources such as pictorial posters; the taking and publication of photographs was closely supervised by individuals with a developing approach to marketing. This thesis argues that the photographs represent a window onto corporate policy, specifically, that associated with marketing holiday travel to railway passengers. In particular, the sheer amount of varied photographic narratives reveal how the GWR segmented the market, persuading the ‘lover of the picturesque’, the family, women, sportsmen and outdoorsmen to use its holiday services by researching their background and interests. As little is known about railway marketing between 1906 and 1939, with historians vigorously debating whether railway companies rivalled other businesses in their attempts to understand consumers, the different visual techniques, framing devices and use of symbolic content in the photographs means that they should be acknowledged as significant sources. In this sense this thesis builds on attempts to align transport history with the fields of consumption and commercial cultures, heeding calls that there is still much to be done in achieving this marriage.
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Yau, Chun-kin. "A review of passenger railway development in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31582837.
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Narayanaswamy, Srinivasan. "A comparative study of modified passenger railway vehicle trucks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/NQ39026.pdf.
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Yau, Chun-kin, and 邱俊健. "A review of passenger railway development in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31582837.
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Králík, Jiří. "Railway integration into Prague public transportation." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142245.
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The purpose of this thesis is charting and analyzing railway services integrated to Prague's public transportation system. Its current integration and effiency will be evaluated based on a study of professional literature and after that, changes and optimizations will be proposed in order to increase the transportation quality. "I'm looking towards inspiration from foreign train lines as well as with opinions of travelers and commuters.
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霍子棋 and Chi-kei Fok. "A study of passenger choice: the new Tseung Kwan O railway." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26821771.
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Schäfer, Matthias Simon [Verfasser]. "Passenger Railway Crew Scheduling : Models, Methods, and Applications / Matthias Simon Schäfer." Aachen : Shaker, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1098041690/34.
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Shaw, Jonathan. "Privatising Britain's passenger railway : expectations and outcomes of the 'free' market approach." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/443.
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The privatisation of the British railway industry was announced in 1992, and a central plank of the government's strategy was to liberalise British Rail's (BR's) passenger market at the time of its divestiture. Competition was to be introduced both for the market, through franchising, and in the market, by freeing up access to the rail network. This thesis examines the policy adopted to promote competition in the British passenger railway industry. Its central aim is to assess the extent to which the promotion of competition between passenger train operators was an appropriate policy goal. In pursuit of this aim, the thesis critically evaluates the evolution, outcome and future prospects of rail liberalisation policy and closely examines the translation of neoliberalism - the theory of political economy upon which rail privatisation was based - into practical policy measures. A significant original investigation, drawing upon the experiences of key personnel involved in framing, executing and operating within the policy, augments secondary data to provide an in-depth level of analysis not currently available within the literature. The study employs predominantly inductive, qualitative methods of data collection and analysis, which together constitute a relatively novel investigative approach within transport geography. The empirical results are presented and discussed against the background of the other 'network' industry privatisations of the 1980s and early 1990s. The main findings are that, despite the sale of BR having been considered by the government for more than a decade, the privatisation and liberalisation strategy advanced by the 1992 White Paper, New Opportunities for the Railways, was not the result of a coherent policy analysis. The opportunities for, and even appropriateness of, a neoliberal agenda to promote competition between train operators were not sufficiently well understood by government when the proposals were adopted. Competition for the market, nevertheless, would appear to be a workable and 'successful' policy option, with the scope to offer long-term benefits to the rail industry should future governments choose to seek them. Competition in the market, on the other hand, is far less appropriate and continued emphasis on this aspect of rail policy could damage the industry's prospects in the coming years. Finally, the overall success of franchising seems to have occurred despite the muddled circumstances in which the Conservatives formulated rail privatisation policy, whereas the general failure of 'on-rail' competition seems to reflect them.
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Sala, Maria Cristina Garcia. "Levantamento tipológico das estações do caminho de ferro no Ramal de Cáceres." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- -Universidade Lusíada, 2000. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29275.
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Harris, Nigel G. "The maximisation of net revenue from passenger services on inter-urban railway routes." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278791.
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Önder, Asim. "Harmonised method to validate the impact resistance performance of composite passenger railway carbodies." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/4026.
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The pursuit to become a better and more efficient transportation mode and the need of renovation has led the railway industry to search for new technologies. An example to such reform is the ongoing efforts to implement new lightweight materials into the railway vehicles as primary load bearing structures, which can help to reduce energy consumption, maintenance costs, and to increase passenger and line capacity. Composite materials are promising candidates in this respect and this thesis addresses a railway specific risk namely flying object strike, which requires attention when composites are in use especially in high speed rail operation, consequently providing detailed analysis on impact behaviour of composite materials for rail specific applications. This thesis shows for the first time an approach to harmonise and unify different railway standards into a single method for small object strike against composite rail vehicles. The original and essential contribution of this study is a cost effective and practical method for the rail industry that removes the necessity of high velocity impact experiments. Quasi-static punch tests (QSPT) were carried out with glass fibre reinforced laminates and foam core sandwich materials incorporating such laminates. It has been shown that the failure modes experienced in a high velocity impact can be mimicked via QSPT method. A numerical model was developed and was validated with QSPT experiments. Following, the numerical model was used to perform high-velocity impact simulations in a velocity range that is relevant with rail service while considering the strain rate effects. Lastly, various standards for impact risks against railway vehicles were investigated from proposed methodology perspective, and discussed whether they can be harmonized into the presented assessment method. The results showed that the proposed methodology has considerable potential to be preferred over costly high velocity impact experiments. The analysis of the energy transfer characteristics, contact forces, impact velocity change of the projectile, and structural damage showed that the proposed method can be used alone instead of various existing standards, providing a significant reduction in sample size as well as avoiding the costly high-velocity impact experiments, hence resulting in substantial cost savings.
14
Sharp, C. "Human response to environmental noise and vibration from freight and passenger railway traffic." Thesis, University of Salford, 2014. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/33289/.
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There is currently a push to increase the proportion of freight traffic that is transported by rail, which is argued to be a safer, more sustainable and more climate friendly means of freight transportation when compared with road or air transportation. This will result in increased noise and vibration from freight railway traffic, the potential impacts of which are not well known. The aim of this research, therefore, is to further the understanding of the human response to freight railway noise and vibration. Data for this research comes from a field study comprising interviews with respondents and measurements of their vibration exposure. A logistic regression model was created and optimised, and is able to accurately classify 96% of these measured railway vibration signals as freight or passenger signals based on two signal properties that quantify the duration and low frequency content of each signal. Exposure-response relationships are then determined using ordinal probit modelling with fixed thresholds and cumulative ordinal logit models. The results indicate that people are able to distinguish between freight and passenger railway vibration, and that the annoyance response due to freight railway vibration is significantly higher than that due to passenger railway vibration, even for equal levels of exposure. To further investigate this disparity in response, a laboratory study was performed in which subjects were exposed to combined noise and vibration from freight and passenger railway traffic. Through the technique of multidimensional scaling, the subjective responses to these stimuli were analysed to investigate the specific attributes of the stimuli that may lead to the difference in human response. The results of this study suggest that the perception of combined railway noise and vibration takes into account not only the exposure magnitude of the noise and vibration stimuli, but also signal properties such as duration, spectral distribution and envelope modulation. These parameters, and in particular the duration parameter, appear to account for the difference in the human response to freight and passenger railway vibration.
15
Pettersson, Pierre. "Passenger waiting strategies on railway platforms - Effects of information and platform facilities - : Case study Sweden and Japan." Thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-33550.
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Abstract The Swedish railway has during many years received low customer satisfaction scores. Reasons for this are reliability, service and information concerns. The focus of this master thesis lies on the railway platform. The platform is an important part to the factors above as its information and facilities, which constitute a part of the service before the trip, could contribute in causing delays and reliability issues. This study investigates the behaviour of passengers on railway platforms and the effect that information, seats and entrances along the platform has on that behaviour. The goal is to find advantages and disadvantages and propose improvements in a Swedish setting. Platforms and trains that have been studied are in Stockholm, Sweden and Tokyo, Japan. Platform distributions and individual behaviour on the platforms are recorded with three different and relatively easy methods. Results of the Swedish study show aggregate trends where passengers tend to cluster around entrances and seats. Many Swedish passengers do not believe themselves to have enough information to know where their car will stop. These passengers do mostly not know that information exist and on average stand much further away from their closest door, when the train arrives, compared to passengers that believe themselves to know where their car will stop along the platform. The results of the Japanese study show that almost all passengers stand close to their door. From the findings in not only this, but also other studies, four aggregate properties in order to get better railway platforms are finally presented. These properties are reliability, clarity and availability of information and good location of seats and other facilities. Suggestions for tangible improvements for the Swedish railway platforms are finally given. Among these improvements are new information screens and standardized information and stopping position of trains.
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Lau, Chung-sum Edmund. "A study of evaluation methodology for passenger handling facilities in subway stations." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13883938.
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Lindfeldt, Olov. "Quality on single-track railway lines with passenger traffic : Anlytical model for evaluation of crossing stations and partial double-tracks." Licentiate thesis, KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4560.
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Railway transportation is showing a substantial increase. Investments in new infrastructure, new fast and comfortable vehicles, and high frequency of service are important factors behind the increase.
Infrastructure configuration and timetable construction play important roles in the competitiveness of railway transportation. This is especially true on single-track lines where the travel times and other timetable related parameters are severely restricted by crossings (train meetings). The crossings also make the lines’ operation more sensitive to disturbances.
Since the major part of the Swedish railway network is single-track it is of great interest to examine the relationships between operation properties, such as travel times and reliability, and infrastructure configuration on single-track lines. The crossings are the core feature of single-track operation and this thesis focuses on the crossing time, i.e. the time loss that occurs in crossing situations.
A simplified analytical model, SAMFOST, has been developed to calculate the crossing time as a function of infrastructure configuration, vehicle properties, timetable and delays for two crossing trains. The effect of possible surrounding trains is not taken into account and all kinds of congestion effects are thus excluded from evaluation. SAMFOST has been successfully validated against the simulation tool RailSys, which shows that this type of simplified model is accurate in non-congested situations.
A great advantage of disregarding congested situations is that analysis is independent of timetable assumptions. The model also explicitly shows the effect of punctuality, which is of particular importance on single-track lines where the interdependencies between trains are strengthened by the crossings.
For the same reason, the timetable is severely constrained. Nonetheless, there is often a need for changes of the timetable (crossing pattern). The thesis proposes three simple measures of timetable flexibility, all based on assigned crossing time requirements. Together, these measures can be used to evaluate how infrastructure configuration, vehicle properties, punctuality etc affect possibilities to alter the timetable.
As an example of its application, SAMFOST has been used to evaluate the effect of shorter inter-station distance, partial double-track and combined crossing and passenger stop. These measures affect the operational properties quite differently.
More crossing stations result in a minor decrease in travel time (lower mean crossing time) but significantly higher reliability (lower crossing time variance). These effects are independent of punctuality, which is a valuable property.
A partial double-track results in shorter travel times and in some cases also higher reliability. Both effects are strongly dependent on punctuality and high punctuality is needed to achieve high effects.
A combined crossing and passenger stop results in a situation similar to that of a partial double-track. In this case it is important to point out that the assignment of time supplements in the timetable should be directly correlated to punctuality in order to achieve good operation.
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Hidalgo, González Guillermo, and António Queirós. "Railway Mobility Hubs: A feature-based investment return analysis." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för industriell ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18204.
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While there has been considerable research regarding the role of Mobility Hubs in cities and transport networks, significant investment is required to develop these facilities. It is the correlation between investment, new users’ attraction and revenue generation that is the key for a sustainable development of Mobility Hubs and this investment must, therefore, be correctly assessed and targeted. This study aims to develop a methodology to determine the viability of investing in Mobility Hub features, weighing the investment on different Hub features and services against expected potential benefits and revenue generation, addressing the question: Can investment in Mobility Hub features be justified and, if so, which features maximize its expected positive impact? Based on a review of literature and definition of possible Hub features as variables, secondary research data was compiled to enable the analysis of expected impacts of each variable/feature in terms of new user’s attraction and revenue generation, which was then used to develop individual Net Present Value analysis of each feature. The result of these analysis demonstrates and concludes that different Hub features have the potential to generate substantially different investment outcomes, and that each feature should be analyzed individually prior to investment decision. It was also concluded by this research that the proposed assessment methodology can be used for future research on other listed Hub features, albeit with the constraint that primary data will be required when secondary research data is not available.
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Mutlu, Gunduz. "Dynamic Investigation And Rehabilitation Of Existing Railway Truss Bridge Under High Speed Train Loadings For Passenger Comfort." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609383/index.pdf.
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In Turkey, big investments are made to improve the existing train lines for use of new high speed trains. Most of the bridges on the existing train lines are typical and in this thesis one of the standard types, the classic steel truss bridge is investigated. This thesis presents the dynamic investigation of standard type existing truss bridge for passenger comfort criteria under the high speed train loadings. Two different computational analysis models have been developed to idealize the vehicle-bridge modeling to evaluate the passenger comfort that were influenced by dynamic vibrations on bridges induced by trains. Field tests of this bridge have been conducted by two separate institutes, Middle East Technical University and Turkish State Railways, to determine the state of the bridge under existing low-speed train loadings. Eigenvalue and Time history analysis of the LARSA 4D structural analysis program has been used to investigate the vehicle bridge interactions. The solutions obtained from the analysis have been evaluated with the experimental results. Different rehabilitation options are analytically studied to improve the serviceability of standard steel truss bridges per Eurocode 1990:2002, Eurocode 1991-2:2003, UIC 774-3 and UIC 776-1. The focus of this research is to define a relationship between span weight per meter and passenger comfort as well as the stiffness of this type of bridge.
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Carter, Paul Albert. "An examination of the effect of active elements in the secondary suspension of a railway passenger coach." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264719.
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Ji, Qunfeng. "Investigating low carbon development of high-density building clusters located around railway passenger transport hubs in China." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/117955/.
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China has experienced high rates of urbanisation due to the increasing housing demand in cities, resulting in high energy consumption and high carbon dioxide emissions from buildings. Moreover, transport-related carbon dioxide emissions will also show a dramatic increase because of the growing number of vehicles in the process of the rapid urbanisation. This research aims to investigate building energy consumption and transport-related carbon dioxide emissions due to mobilities of users from buildings and propose strategies to reduce their energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions in cities. The main contributions of this research are two-fold. Firstly, in the theoretical aspect,this research fills the research gap on the combination of the carbon dioxide emissions quantification with buildings and the transport. Secondly, in the practical perspective, this research presents examples study of the carbon dioxide emissions quantification, analyses potential factors affecting energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and provides strategies for low carbon city development. This study adopts an on-site survey, questionnaires, modelling simulation, and regression analysis to explore the situations of carbon dioxide emissions in three cases, with each representing one typical location type. The study provides an understanding of the low carbon city development, investigates energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions and compares energy demand with the simulation; it examines factors including street orientation, the layout of building clusters, overshadows, and urban heat island effects with carbon dioxide emissions from building sectors. Meanwhile, this study regresses modal splits with three aspects relating to socioeconomic characteristics, travel patterns from respondents, and self-evaluation on travelling. All of these provides implications for both theoretical and practical research on low carbon city development.
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Howkins, T. J. "The impact of border changes on international railway passenger services in the eastern Marchlands of Europe 1918-97." Thesis, Keele University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322174.
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Chan, Tak-hin Eric, and 陳德軒. "A comparative analysis of railway patronage in two metropolitian [i.e.metropolitan] cities: Hong Kong and New YorkCity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43703999.
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Lau, Chung-sum Edmund, and 劉淞森. "A study of evaluation methodology for passenger handling facilities insubway stations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31950632.
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Hohberger, Simon [Verfasser], and Cornelia [Akademischer Betreuer] Schön-Peterson. "Dynamic pricing under customer choice behavior for revenue management in passenger railway networks / Simon Hohberger ; Betreuer: Cornelia Schön-Peterson." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1206538732/34.
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Weinstein, David Nathan Swope. "Literary rhetoric in the environmental movement toward the advocacy of the 2009 Proposal of a Passenger Railway in Colorado /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/457044396/viewonline.
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Frumin, Michael S. "Automatic data for applied railway management : passenger demand, service quality measurement, and tactical planning on the London Overground Network." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61512.
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Thesis (S.M. in Transportation)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2010.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 201-209).
The broad goal of this thesis is to demonstrate the potential positive impacts of applying automatic data to the management and tactical planning of a modern urban railway. Tactical planning is taken here to mean the set of transport-specific analysis and decisions required to manage and improve a railway with time horizons measured in weeks, months, or up to a year and little or no capital investment requirements. This thesis develops and tests methods to (i) estimate on-train loads from automatic measurements of train payload weight, (ii) estimate origin-destination matrices by combining multiple types of automatic data, (iii) study passenger incidence (station arrival) behavior relative to the published timetable, (iv) characterize service quality in terms of the difference between automatically measured passenger journey times and journey times implied by the published timetable. It does so using (i) disaggregate journey records from an entry- and exit-controlled automatic fare collection system, (ii) payload weight measurements from "loadweigh" sensors in train suspension systems, and (iii) aggregate passenger volumes from electronic station gatelines. The methods developed to analyze passenger incidence behavior and service quality using these data sources include new methodologies that facilitate such analysis under a wide variety of service conditions and passenger behaviors. The above methods and data are used to characterize passenger demand and service quality on the rapidly growing, largely circumferential London Overground network in London, England. A case study documents how a tactical planning intervention on the Overground network was influenced by the application of these methods, and evaluates the outcomes of this intervention. The proposed analytical methods are judged to be successful in that they estimate the desired quantities with sufficient accuracy and are found to make a positive contribution to the Overground's tactical planning process. It is concluded that relative measures of service quality such as the one developed here can be used in cross-sectional analysis to inform tactical planning activity. However, such measures are of less utility for longitudinal evaluation of tactical planning interventions when the basis against which service quality is judged (in this case the timetable) is changed. Under such circumstances, absolute measures, such as total observed passenger journey times, should be used as well.
by Michael S. Frumin.
S.M.
S.M.in Transportation
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Hohberger, Simon [Verfasser], and Cornelia [Akademischer Betreuer] Schön. "Dynamic pricing under customer choice behavior for revenue management in passenger railway networks / Simon Hohberger ; Betreuer: Cornelia Schön-Peterson." Mannheim : Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:180-madoc-540355.
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Lundin, Emil, and Johan Bergelin. "HETEROGENEOUS BATTERY SYSTEMS IN BATTERY EQUIPPED PASSENGER TRAINS." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-54482.
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The rise of batteries in the industry, especially Li-ion, is increasing rapidly. Li-ion battery systems are traditionally composed of a particular type of cell chemistry fit to the system needs. Due to the significant differences between chemistries, different cells have different attributes. The thesis explores the potential of a heterogeneous solution to include different cells to find a suitable compromise between different attributes. An electrified passenger train using a homogenous solution was evaluated against a heterogeneous solution consisting of two cell types, NMC and LTO, which have significant differences in attributes. Simulation with models covering the train kinematics, track characteristics, and battery behaviour generates the thesis results. Validation of simulation results includes comparing previous simulations and the new effects of the heterogeneous solution, which indicate a good fit. Verification of the results encompasses a small-scale experiment with a custom-made physical circuit to observe the proposed solution's actual behaviour and verify model validity, which implies the correctness of models and implementation. The results indicate that a heterogeneous solution is possible within the scope of electrified trains. Furthermore, several trade-offs exist between NMC and LTO cells, especially regarding rate capability, safety and capacity, which confirms the potential of heterogeneous battery systems.
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Lindfeldt, Olov. "Quality on single-track railway lines with passenger traffic : analytical model for evaluation of crossing stations and partial double-tracks /." Stockholm : Department of Transport and Economics, KTH, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4560.
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Jacobs, Anneli. "Hamba-kahle : an interior intervention to long-distance rail travel in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45275.
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Public rail transport interiors must be adaptable
and cater to a wide target market to address the
diverse needs of the South African public. Local
rail transport competes directly with air travel for
market share. Currently, local rail transport fails on
both accounts. The failure to invest in and update rail
infrastructure has resulted in a desperate need to
play catch up with decades of international railway
evolution – a need especially visible in the interiors
of local long-haul trains. The design and aesthetic
identity of transport interiors are generic, dated
and fail to address the functional and aesthetic
needs of contemporary South African travellers. As
a result, these interiors fail to establish an identity
synonymous with our unique demographic makeup.
The current state of local long-haul passenger
rail interiors was investigated through the use of a
heuristic inquiry.
An Electro Star Multiple Unit train structure was
then selected in which an interior insertion is
made. Hamba-Kahle addresses the physical and
psychological discomfort in the train interior,
the absence of social spaces, the disregard for
wayfinding and the lack of contextual identity.
The design challenges the insular train interior
layout and divides the interior into different spatial
zones. A Budget Sitter car, Premium Sitter car,
Budget Sleeper and Universal Car provides seating
variation for passengers and in turn integrates a
wide target market. Break-away spaces are also
incorporated. The programme and the spaces it
creates assist the interior in mediating between
private and public spaces. It facilitates chance
encounters and supports retractable privacy. The
interior reinforces adaptability in the use of spaces
while adhering to universal design principles. The
scenery from the surrounding landscapes is used in
the design to enrich the interior spaces and improve
the embodied experience of the user.
In establishing a contemporary South African
identity, a sense of place is created with which
passengers can identify and feel physically,
psychologically and socially comfortable in.Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Architecture
MInt(Prof)
Unrestricted
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Skrbek, Ondřej. "Vývoj konkurence v přepravě cestujících na železnici v České republice po roce 1993." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193427.
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Diploma thesis describes railway transport with related specifics of intermodal competition and investigates technical aspects and historical development of railway traffic influencing level of current openness passenger transport market. Legislative decisions slows down the development of the unprofitable business and state blocks the entrance to the new parts of the railway transport market through the 2009 Memorandum. The only part of the railways, where the companies RegioJET and LEOexpress may compete with state carrier, is Prague -- Ostrava section of the railway. Analytical work examines progress on this part of railway, using the questionnaire technic on the agents of mentioned companies also containing the opinions of the experts of public transport. Based on analysis of the railway environment, exploration of the public transport market and questionnair survey diploma thesis comes to a conclusion, that private carriers may profit in a long term and increase the quality of public transport with a lower subsidy burden , but legislative decisions have to suspport that.
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Kwan, Kwok-yan. "A study of change of passenger travel behaviour in relation to the commencement of new railway systems in North-West and North-East NT." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31573277.
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Kwan, Kwok-yan, and 關國恩. "A study of change of passenger travel behaviour in relation to the commencement of new railway systems in North-West and North-East NT." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B35860893.
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Vasconcelos, Vitória Maria Mola de. "Mensuração sob a perspesctiva dos custos logísticos: estudo de caso em uma empresa de transporte público ferroviário." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8149.
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closely related to the operational complexity of the market requirements. In this scenario, measure and control the logistic costs represent a source for competitive advantage and cost reductions. The company studied in this work is part of the passenger transport sector and, although it is subsidized, it still requires operational and financial improvements to ensure its operational sustainability. To this end, it was decided to measure the costs based on the logistics perspective. In this way, a literature review was performed to identify the main factors that imply in logistic costs. The methods RKW and ABC were used to compute these costs, generating data coherent to the main objective, and tailoring its steps according to the company characteristics. Finally, it was verified that the logistic costs in the studied company represents 36,5% of total costs. Although the literature points out that logistic costs usually represent 10% of total costs, the obtained value is compatible, once the company is a service provider, and large portion of (labor) costs are related to the implementation of logistic activities. Conceptually, the methods applied were compatible with the primary objective of the study, allowing the identification and measurement of the logistic costs. The achievement of this objective simplify the activity of cost control, allowing better targeting the actions to reduce them.
A logística tem assumido uma posição de destaque no mercado. Essa importância está intimamente ligada à complexidade das operações frente aos requisitos de mercado. Diante deste cenário, mensurar e acompanhar os custos de natureza logística tem se mostrado fonte de vantagem competitiva e de redução de custos. A empresa estudada neste trabalho está inserida no setor de transporte de passageiros e embora seja subsidiada vem apresentando necessidades de melhorias operacionais e financeiras, no intuito de garantir a sustentabilidade das operações. Por este motivo definiu-se como objetivo mensurar os custos sob a perspectiva dos custos logísticos, no intuito de identificá-los. Para tanto, efetuou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica para rastrear os fatores geradores dos custos logísticos. Para o cálculo deste tipo de custo, utilizou-se a união de dois métodos de custeio, RKW e ABC, para promover a obtenção de dados coerente ao objetivo principal, adequando as etapas de sua implementação às características da empresa. Ao final, verificou-se que o custo logístico da companhia representou 36,5% dos custos totais. Embora a literatura indique que os custos logísticos normalmente representem 10% dos custos totais, o valor se mostrou compatível uma vez que a CBTU/JP é uma prestadora de serviço e a grande parcela de custos da empresa (custos de mão de obra) estão relacionados à execução das atividades logísticas. Em termos conceituais verificou-se compatibilidade dos métodos utilizados com o objetivo principal do trabalho, de mensurar os custos logísticos permitindo sua identificação. O atendimento deste objetivo facilita a atividade de controle dos custos e permite um melhor direcionamento das ações para sua redução.
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Allahvirdizadeh, Reza. "Reliability-Based Assessment and Optimization of High-Speed Railway Bridges." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301318.
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Increasing the operational speed of trains has attracted a lot of interest in the last decades and has brought new challenges, especially in terms of infrastructure design methodology, as it may induce excessive vibrations. Such demands can damage bridges, which in turn increases maintenance costs, endangers the safety of passing trains and disrupts passenger comfort. Conventional design provisions should therefore be evaluated in the light of modern concerns; nevertheless, several previous studies have highlighted some of their shortcomings. It should be emphasized that most of these studies have neglected the uncertainties involved, which preventsthe reported results from representing a complete picture of the problem. In this respect, the present thesis is dedicated to evaluating the performance of conventional design methods, especially those related to running safety and passenger comfort, using probabilistic approaches. To achieve this objective, a preliminary study was carried out using the first-order reliability method for short/medium span bridges passed by trains at a wide range of operating speeds. Comparison of these results with the corresponding deterministic responses showed that applying a constant safety factor to the running safety threshold does not guarantee that the safety index will be identical for all bridges. It also shows that the conventional design approaches result in failure probabilities that are higher than the target values. This conclusion highlights the need to update the design methodology for running safety. However, it would be essential to determine whether running safety is the predominant design criterion before conducting further analysis. Therefore, a stochastic comparison between this criterion and passenger comfort was performed. Due to the significant computational cost of such investigations, subset simulation and crude Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation using meta-models based on polynomial chaos expansion were employed. Both methods were found to perform well, with running safety almost always dominating the passenger comfort limit state. Subsequently, classification-based meta-models, e.g. support vector machines, k-nearest neighbours and decision trees, were combined using ensemble techniques to investigate the influence of soil-structure interaction on the evaluated reliability of running safety. The obtained results showed a significant influence, highlighting the need for detailed investigations in further studies. Finally, a reliability-based design optimization was conducted to update the conventional design method of running safety by proposing minimum requirements for the mass per length and moment of inertia of bridges. It is worth mentioning that the inner loop of the method was solved by a crude MC simulation using adaptively trained Kriging meta-models.Att öka tågens hastighet har väckt stort intresse under de senaste decennierna och har medfört nya utmaningar, särskilt när det gäller broanalyser, eftersom tågen inducerar stora vibrationer. Sådana vibrationer kan öka underhållskostnaderna, äventyra säkerheten för förbipasserande tåg och påverka passagerarkomforten. Konstruktionsbestämmelser bör därför utvärderas mot bakgrund av dessa problem; dock har flera tidigare studier belyst några av bristerna i dagens bestämmelser. Det bör understrykas att de flesta av dessa studier har försummat de osäkerheter som är involverade, vilket hindrar de rapporterade resultaten från att representera en fullständig bild av problemet. I detta avseende syftar denna avhandling till att utvärdera prestandan hos konventionella analysmetoder, särskilt de som rör körsäkerhet och passagerarkomfort, med hjälp av sannolikhetsmetoder. För att uppnå detta mål genomfördes en preliminär studie med första ordningens tillförlitlighetsnmetod för broar med kort/medellång spännvidd som passeras av tåg med ett brett hastighetsspektrum. Jämförelse av dessa resultat med motsvarande deterministiska respons visade att tillämpa en konstant säkerhetsfaktor för verifieringen av trafiksäkerhet inte garanterar att säkerhetsindexet kommer att vara identiskt för alla broar. Det visar också att de konventionella analysmetoderna resulterar i brottsannolikheter som är högre än målvärdena. Denna slutsats belyser behovet av att uppdatera analysmetoden för trafiksäkerhet. Det skulle emellertid vara viktigt att avgöra om trafiksäkerhet är det dominerande designkriteriet innan ytterligare analyser genomförs. Därför utfördes en stokastisk jämförelse mellan detta kriterium och kriteriet för passagerarkomfort. På grund av den betydande. analystiden för sådana beräkningar användes delmängdssimulering och Monte-Carlo (MC) simulering med metamodeller baserade på polynomisk kaosutvidgning. Båda metoderna visade sig fungera bra, med trafiksäkerhet som nästan alltid dominerade över gränsningstillståndet för passagerarkomfort. Därefter kombinerades klassificeringsbaserade metamodeller som stödvektormaskin och beslutsträd genom ensembletekniker, för att undersöka påverkan av jord-brointeraktion på den utvärderade tillförlitligheten gällande trafiksäkerhet. De erhållna resultaten visade en signifikant påverkan och betonade behovet av detaljerade undersökningar genom ytterligare studier. Slutligen genomfördes en tillförlitlighetsbaserad konstruktionsoptimering för att föreslå ett minimikrav på erforderlig bromassa per längdmeter och tröghetsmoment. Det är värt att nämna att metodens inre loop löstes med en MC-simulering med adaptivt tränade Kriging-metamodeller.
QC 20210910
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Isler, Cassiano Augusto. "Avaliação socioeconômica de uma rede ferroviária regional para o transporte de passageiros." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/178688.
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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Departamento de Engenharia de Transportes, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Transportes, São Carlos, 2015.Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-28T16:08:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015
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Sakala, Henry. "Public-private partnerships in the transport sector : a case study of the railway systems of Zambia Limited." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/980.
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Thesis (MDF (Development Finance))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Historically, passenger railway service has played a vital role in the socio-economic activities in Zambia. Its capacity to transport a great mass of people at a low cost has had a profound appeal, especially amongst the low-income segment of society, in this country. This research report sought to examine the concessioning process for Railway Systems of Zambia Limited in relation to international best practice, to examine the extent of passenger train delays in relation to acceptable international standards and to recommend policy and remedial measures. A review of relevant literature on public-private partnerships in infrastructure projects including passenger railway concessioning and passenger train punctuality, in relation to international standards was undertaken. The research covered the period 2002 to 2007, with an average sample size of 11% (144 passenger train trips out of 1 344). Data from timetables and train logbooks, relating to arriving and departing trains, enabled the computation of the extent of delays or punctuality of trains. While international best practice requires passenger trains to operate at between 90% and 95% punctuality rate within 10 to 15 minutes of the timetable, Railway Systems of Zambia’s passenger trains, for the period 2004 to 2007, recorded between 92% and 100% delay rates for trains expected to arrive within 10 and 15 minutes of the timetable. The maximum delay for the arrival of a train in 2005 was 1 422 minutes (23 hours 42 minutes). Therefore, this research report recommends the formulation of a policy framework, a legal and regulatory framework and the establishment of an institutional arrangement that will be responsible for public-private partnerships projects in Zambia. In addition, increased investment in the railway infrastructure by the concessionaire is recommended in order for trains to increase speed and therefore improve their punctuality.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Histories het spoorweg passasiersdienste nog altyd ‘n deurslaggewende rol in die sosio-ekonomiese aktiwiteite van Zambië gespeel. Die kapasiteit om groot massas mense teen ‘n lae koste te vervoer, was baie aanloklik in hierdie land, veral vir die lae-inkomstegroep van die gemeenskap. Hierdie navorsingsverslag poog om die konsessioneringsproses van die Spoorwegsisteem van Zambië Beperk, in verhouding tot internasionale toppraktyke, te ondersoek; om die omvang van passasierstreinvertragings in verhouding tot internasionaal aanvaarbare standaarde te ondersoek en ook om beleid en herstellende veranderings aan die hand te doen. ‘n Verslag van toepaslike letterkunde oor publiek-private vennootskappe in infrastruktuurprojekte, wat spoorweg passassiers konsessionering en stiptelikheid van passasierstreine vergelyk met internasionale standaarde, is onderneem. Die navorsing dek die periode van 2002 tot 2007, met ‘n gemiddelde steekproef grootte van 11% (144 passasiers treinritte uit ‘n total van 1 344). Data van treinroosters en treinjoernale, wat verband hou met die aankoms en vertrek van treine, het die berekening van die omvang van vertragings of stiptelikheid van die treine moontlik gemaak. Terwyl internasionale toppraktyke vereis dat passasierstreine binne ‘n 90% en 95% stiptelikheidskoers van 10 tot 15 minute, volgens die reisrooster, moet funksioneer, het die passasierstreine van Zambië vir die periode van 2004 tot 2007, ‘n vertragingskoers van tussen 92% en 100% vir treine wat binne 10 tot 15 minute van die reisrooster se tye moes aankom, aangeteken. Die maksimum vertraging op die aankomstyd van ‘n trein was in 2005 teen 1 422 minutes (23 hours 42 minutes). Derhalwe beveel hierdie navorsingsverslag aan dat ‘n beleidsraamwerk en ‘n wets- en reguleringsraamwerk geformuleer moet word, asook die instelling van ‘n genootskapsooreenkoms, wat verantwoordelik sal wees vir die publiek-private vennootskapprojekte in Zambië. Ter aanvulling word ‘n verhoogde belegging, deur die konsessionaris, in die spoorweg infrastruktuur aanbeveel sodat treine vinniger kan ry en dus meer stiptelik sal wees.
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Delage, Raquel Gotardelo Audebert. "Estrada de ferro Vitória a Minas: conversas de beira de linha." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2012. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1837.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-01Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
This work outlines the story of the Vitória-Minas Railway, told from different points of view. Through ethnographic research, which has a qualitative character, the memory of the railway is revealed by those who lived or still live near it. The acknowledgment and valuing of experiences lived by men and women, related to the object of study, made it possible for the researcher to preserve these memories and acquire new details about the Vitória-Minas Railway story. Contributions by oral tradition, individual and collective memory concepts have been considered under the light of authors like Alessandro Portelli, Pierre Nora, Oswaldo Truzzi, Michael Pollak, Ecléa Bosi among others. Although the main focus of this research is on life stories, and how the railway story can be retold through them, images researched were also explored as possible means of investigation. Authors like Barthes and Boris Kossoy have helped in this process of understanding images as contents to be deciphered, which led us to discuss some of the photos related to the railway and their composition process. Through field research, people s voices could be recorded giving them the opportunity of being heard. The speeches made it possible to understand the changes brought by the railway not only to the small towns and cities but also to those who have narrated their own life story and shared their memories.
Este trabalho traz a história da Estrada de Ferro Vitória a Minas sendo contada por uma multiplicidade de pontos de vista. Por meio da pesquisa etnográfica, de caráter qualitativo, revela-se a memória da ferrovia por parte daqueles que viveram/vivem próximo a ela. O reconhecimento e a valorização de experiências vividas por homens e mulheres em relação ao objeto possibilitaram que o trabalho preservasse essas memórias, trazendo, com isso, novos registros sobre a história da ferrovia. As contribuições oferecidas pela história oral e por conceitos de memória individual e memória coletiva são discutidas com base em autores como Alessandro Portelli, Pierre Nora, Oswaldo Truzzi, Michael Pollak, Ecléa Bosi, dentre outros. Apesar de a proposta principal ser as histórias de vida e, através delas, a história da ferrovia sendo recontada, buscou-se nas imagens pesquisadas uma possibilidade de investigação. Autores como Roland Barthes e Boris Kossoy auxiliaram nesse processo de entender as imagens como conteúdos a serem decifrados, o que levou à discussão sobre algumas fotografias referentes à ferrovia e seu processo de construção. Por meio da pesquisa de campo, foi possível registrar as vozes dos entrevistados e, com isso, dar-lhes a oportunidade de serem ouvidos. As falas possibilitaram compreender as mudanças trazidas pela ferrovia não apenas para as cidades, como também para aqueles que narram sua própria história de vida e compartilham suas memórias.
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Lucas, Felipe Rabay. "Influência do uso de trens de caixa móvel na implantação e operação de novas ferrovias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-31052016-151405/.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo primário abordar os atuais conhecimentos sobre o transporte ferroviário interurbano e regional de passageiros, com foco na tecnologia dos trens de caixa móvel, também conhecidos como trens pendulares. Como objetivo secundário busca-se analisar a influência dos trens de caixa móvel ou pendulares na implantação e operação de novas ferrovias, com ênfase na adequação em fase de projeto, mostrando-se o potencial dessa tecnologia para o aumento da velocidade média e a redução dos tempos de viagem. São tratados os tópicos relevantes para o transporte ferroviário de passageiros, como o conforto do usuário, as especificações técnicas do material rodante e referências dos custos de implantação e operação envolvidos, mostrando-se também dentro de cada aspecto as diferenças dos trens pendulares em relação aos trens convencionais. Três estudos de caso elaborados terão como objetivo explicitar as interveniências da operação dos trens pendulares com o projeto ferroviário, em especial com o projeto geométrico, e através de simulações de marcha e comparações, mostrar de maneira prática o potencial do uso dos trens pendulares. Através do embasamento teórico e dos estudos de caso, é feita uma análise crítica de modo a possibilitar tanto um entendimento do transporte ferroviário de passageiros, quanto do material rodante de caixa móvel e suas possibilidades. Os resultados dos estudos de caso e a análise crítica mostram uma redução significativa dos tempos de viagem, entre 8,1 e 20,0%, mediante a operação de trens pendulares em substituição ao material rodante convencional.As a primary objective, the present work aims to summarize the current knowledge on intercity and regional passenger railway transportation, focusing on tilting train technology, also known as car body tilt. As a secondary objective, the present work seeks to analyze the influence of tilting train technology on the design, implementation and operation of new railway corridors, with emphasis on design phase, showing the potential of this technology to increase speeds and reduce travel times. Railway passenger transportation issues, such as passenger comfort, rolling stock technical specifications and implementation and operational costs are addressed. Additionally, different aspects between conventional and tilting trains are also discussed. Three case studies help clarify the correlation between tilting train operation and railway design, especially the geometric design; further, with the help of speed simulations and comparisons, the potential use of tilting train operations are demonstrated. With the theoretical basis and the case studies, a critical analysis is made, allowing as a better understanding of railway passenger transportation with regards to the use of tilting rolling stock and its possibilities. The results of the case studies and the critical analysis present a considerable reduction in travel times, between 8,1 and 20,0%, with the operation of tilting trains in the place of the conventional rolling stock.
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Forsberg, Rebecca. "Train crashes : consequences for passengers." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kirurgi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61291.
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Background: Globally, and in Sweden, passenger railway transport is steadily increasing. Sweden has been relatively free from severe train crashes in the last decades, but the railway infrastructure is alarmingly worn and overburdened, which may be one reason for an increasing number of reported mishaps. Worldwide, major train crashes/disasters are a frequent cause of mass casualty incidents. Several shortcomings, especially within the crash and post-crash phases cause severe consequences for the passengers. Aim: To investigate the consequences of train crashes on passengers, focusing on factors of importance in the crash and post-crash phases. The specific aims are: (I) to identify the historical development and magnitude of passenger train disasters globally on various continents and countries, (II, III) to identify injury panorama and injury objects in two train crashes, (IV) to explore survivor´s experiences from a train crash, and (V) to explore their experiences of journalists and media coverage. Methods: Study I is a register study based on 529 railway disasters worldwide, whereas studies II-V are case studies from the two latest severe train crashes in Sweden (Nosaby and Kimstad). These studies are based on 73 and 21 passengers respectively. Studies I-III is essentially quantitative where descriptive statistics (I, III), multivariate analysis (III), and content analysis (II, III) are used. Studies II and III are also supplemented by semi-structured interviews. Studies IV and V are qualitative and the interviews (n=14, n=30) have been analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Study IV is also supplemented with quantitative data. Results: The number of railway disasters, fatalities, and non-fatally injured passengers has increased throughout the last hundred years - particularly during the last four decades (1970–2009) when 88% of all disasters occurred (I). Passengers in the first overturned carriage suffered most severe and lethal injuries (III). Internal structures such as tables, chairs, internal walls, as well as luggage, other passengers (II, III), glass (II), and wood pellets (III) induced many of the injuries. Those who traveled facing forward with a table in front of them, in carriages that did not overturn, were more likely to sustain injuries to their abdomen/pelvis than those without a table (III). Passengers who traveled rear facing had higher rates of whiplash injuries. Surviving a train crash was experienced as "living in a mode of existential threat". The long term consequences however were diverse for different persons (IV). All experienced that they had cheated death, but some became "shackled by history", whereas others overcame the "haunting of unforgettable memories." The centrality of others and the importance of reconstructing the turn of events were important when "dealing with the unthinkable". The media coverage were experienced as positive in the recovery process and the journalists were also perceived as helpful (V). By some the journalist’s nevertheless were also perceived as harmful or negligible, and the subsequent media coverage as either uncomfortable or insignificant. Conclusion: Despite extensive crash avoidance systems severe railway crashes still occur. Improved interior safety, as has been implemented in the automobile and aviation industries, would have an important reduction in injuries and facilitate evacuation. Being surrounded by family, friends, fellow passengers and participating in crash investigations, and experiencing descriptive media coverage were some crucial factors when dealing with the traumatic event and should be promoted.
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Kratochvíl, Petr. "Vysokorychlostní železnice v ČR z pohledu cestujících." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206151.
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This Master's Thesis deals with high-speed rail in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part describes the history, the evolution and the present of high-speed rail and presents the successful foreign high-speed rail systems. Furthermore this part presents the high-speed railway tracks which are planned in the Czech Republic. The practical part researches the perception of high-speed rail by passengers. Based on the result of the survey, which was realized via the questionnaire, it analyses the criteria that passengers consider important in the choice of means of transport and it looks into passenger willingness to accept higher fare for shorten of travel time. With using the result of the survey it also deals with competitiveness of high-speed rail compared with other modes of transport. The aim of the Thesis is determine whether high-speed rail is attractive from the perspective of passengers and whether it is able to compete with other modes of transport.
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Backhans, Gustav, and Douglas Driving. "Voice assistants and railway passengers : A user-centered exploration of value creation opportunities in a railway service context." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166386.
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There is a current rising trend of using voice assistants (VAs) to perform tasks in new ways, and various companies are considering introducing them as part of their service propositions. One such company is the railway service provider SJ AB that is interested in understanding how a VA may benefit their passengers. To better understand the utility of a VA in the railway service context, this thesis aims to explore the value creation opportunities that the introduction of such a technology presents. This exploration is done through identifying the potential functionality of such a VA, what value that functionality can create for passengers, and what barriers exist for creating that value. This identification is done through a user-centred research process, during which design probes and experience prototyping were carried out with railway passengers and analysed through qualitative content analysis. The results show that a VA presents fast, convenient, and intuitive access to a wide set of functions but is hindered by its invisible affordances and the user’s preconceptions. It shares several functions with existing channels, presented in a new way, that span the entire course of the train journey. The functionality and the identified functions primarily create utilitarian values, which connects to the passenger’s pragmatic view of the service. Furthermore, the passengers perceived the VA as an agent able to take over responsibilities and tasks from the passenger, resulting in a peace of mind but also a diminished sense of control. Finally, the railway service context affected what functionality is suitable, what values can be created and what barriers need to be considered. Some of the value creation possibilities and barriers are also contemporary and might change with shifting social norms and further technological development.
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Pragnell, Hubert John. "Early British railway tunnels : the implications for planners, landowners and passengers between 1830 and 1870." Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16826/.
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Of the many fears of early railway travellers, speed and a journey through a dark tunnel were among the greatest. This thesis looks at railway tunnels and their place in the minds of travellers, landowners, engineers and navvies, writers, journalists and artists, during the pioneering days of railway development up to 1870. Although tunnels and tunnelling occupy an important place in engineering literature they have been neglected by social historians. The intention of this thesis is to demonstrate that tunnels are worthy of as much attention as any other railway structures such as stations, which have been the subject of railway literature in recent years. Chapter 1 is a review of recent railway literature in which the railway tunnel has been introduced as a secondary topic. Chapter 2 discusses the problems involved in early tunnelling and uses Brunel's Box tunnel as a case study. Chapter 3 discusses the relationship between railway companies, landowners and Parliament. Lord Lichfield and the Trent Valley Railway at Shugborough Hall are used as a case study Chapter 4 discusses tunnels in early railway guide books and literature. it also examines their depiction in railway prints, as an architectural feature in their own right or set into a wider landscape with its own message for the viewer. Particular reference is made to the pictures by J.C.Bourne for his volume on the London & Birmingham and Great Western railways. Chapter 5 looks at the fear of tunnels as promoted by the anti-railway lobby. The chapter suggests that such fears were unjustified in view of the few deaths and injuries actually occurring in a tunnel. Chapter 6 looks at the variety of designs for tunnel portals. This thesis examines designs by Brunel, Stephenson, and others, which are truly masterpieces of the railway Age.
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Davies, Reg. "Public passenger transport in inter-war Britain : the Southern Railway's response to bus competition, 1923-39." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8905/.
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Scholarly criticisms of the quality of British railway management between the world wars have focused partly on the allegedly inept reaction to the threat of bus competition. By contrast this thesis shows that the Southern Railway (SR) developed policies and practices with regard to the bus industry that were rational and broadly successful given the legal, political and economic circumstances. The SR was probably atypical of the four major inter-war railways. Because of the social and economic geography of the areas it served, it suffered less from bus competition and a smaller decline in receipts from passenger trains. Nevertheless in common with the rest of the industry, management action was greatly hampered in the 1920s by political opposition to direct bus operation. A key finding is that legislation in 1928 had the unintended effect of determining that the railways instead entered into partnerships with bus companies. In the SR’s case this policy produced considerably greater returns on capital than historians have hitherto thought. The SR influenced rather than controlled its associated bus companies, allowing them considerable commercial freedom. Even so the SR was largely able to shape network development to its advantage and to introduce measures, such as through ticketing, that were seen by contemporaries as key elements in reducing public-transport competition and thus enhancing consumer benefits. However, in practice such measures probably proved more advantageous to the company than its passengers. In sum the SR’s policies and practices in relation to bus competition were much more adroit than scholars have previously allowed. This study cannot demonstrate that the quality of the SR’s management was equally good across the company’s multi-faceted business. Nevertheless in this limited sphere, the SR achieved the most advantageous result possible, an outcome reflecting considerable credit on its managers.
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Santos, Alexandre Facini dos. "Gerenciamento da confiabilidade em projetos de material rodante ferroviário." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-10012008-103534/.
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É cada vez maior a demanda pela eficiência dos sistemas ferroviários. A confiabilidade do material rodante é um dos fatores de desempenho mais importantes para a eficiência global dos trens de passageiros. Para que índices satisfatórios de confiabilidade, disponibilidade, mantenabilidade e segurança (CDMS) sejam alcançados, deve-se considerar esses fatores desde a elaboração da especificação técnica do material rodante até a operação da frota, incluindo projeto, fabricação, testes, comissionamento e garantia. No presente trabalho foram pesquisados os principais requisitos, normas e boas práticas empregadas na indústria ferroviária mundial para o gerenciamento da confiabilidade em projetos de material rodante, levando-se em conta os aspectos práticos e científicos. Para isso, foram inicialmente apresentadas algumas especificidades do setor ferroviário assim como alguns dos principais tipos de veículos ferroviários e seus sistemas, para que se tenha uma visão geral do contexto em que o trabalho está inserido. Em relação ao gerenciamento de CDMS propriamente dito, são mencionadas as principais tarefas a serem realizadas, de acordo com as referências consultadas. Foi dada uma atenção especial às especificações técnicas de CDMS, levando-se em conta a classificação das falhas e a determinação de parâmetros contratuais. Também foram abordados os aspectos teóricos e práticos das principais ferramentas e métodos de análise de CDMS empregados, tais como alocação de metas, predição de confiabilidade, diagrama de blocos, FMECA, FTA, monitoramento da confiabilidade em campo, etc.Demand for efficiency in railway systems is increasing through the years. Rolling stock reliability is one of the most important performance factors for the global efficiency of passenger trains. To attain satisfactory reliability, availability, maintainability and safety (RAMS) figures, these factors must be considered from the elaboration of rolling stock technical specifications up to the operation of the fleet, including design, manufacturing, tests, commissioning and warranty. In the present work a research on main requirements, standards and good practices applied in worldwide railway industry for managing reliability in rolling stock designs was carried out, taking into account practical and scientific aspects. Some specificities of railway industry as well as some of the main railway vehicles types and related systems were presented, so that one can have an overview of the context where this work is inserted. Related to RAMS management, the main tasks to be done are presented, according to the references. Special attention was paid to RAMS technical specifications, considering failure classifications and determination of contractual parameters. The theoretical and practical aspects of the main tools and analysis methods of RAMS applied to the rolling stock design, such as apportionment of targets, reliability predictions, reliability block diagrams, FMECA, FTA, monitoring of field reliability, etc., were also covered.
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Brethomé, Lucile. "Modélisation et optimisation d’un plan de transport ferroviaire en zone dense du point de vue des voyageurs." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0014.
Full textAbstract:
La conception d’un plan de transport d’un service ferroviaire est un processus qui se réalise entre deux ans et six mois avant la mise en service de celui-ci. Les principales phases de la conception sont la définition des dessertes, le calcul de la grille horaire et enfin l’organisation des roulements de rames et des conducteurs. La manière dont le plan de transport est conçu peut avoir de nombreuses conséquences sur la qualité de service : fréquence en gare insuffisante qui peut entrainer une perte de clients, robustesse de la grille horaire face à de petits incidents... En zone dense, tous ces éléments sont à prendre en compte, dès la conception de la grille horaire.Aujourd’hui, SNCF Transilien conçoit ses plans de transport en prenant d’abord en compte l’optimisation des ressources de production (sillons, rames et agents de conduite). Toutefois, l’augmentation des ressources mises en œuvre n’améliore plus l’adéquation du plan de transport à la demande des voyageurs. Ce mode de conception ne permet donc plus de faire face à l’augmentation de la demande de mobilité. C’est pourquoi il faut repenser la conception du plan de transport en intégrant immédiatement la dimension voyageuse.Nos travaux se concentrent sur les problématiques de conception de dessertes et de grille horaire, en prenant en compte le point de vue des voyageurs. Nous présentons un modèle multiobjectif de conception de dessertes, puis nous présentons un modèle de conception de grille horaire intégrant le choix d’itinéraire des voyageurs. Ensuite, nous présentons une méthode cherchant à intégrer ces deux modèles. Enfin, nous présentons une évaluation de nos résultats grâce à des indicateurs de fiabilitéThe design of a railway transportation plan is a process achieved between two years and six months before it is put into service. The main phases in the design of a transportation plan are the line planning, the timetabling, the rolling stock and the crew scheduling.The design of the transportation plan can have many consequences on the quality of service: an inadequate frequency in station can cause a loss of passengers, sufficient number of seated places, robustness of the timetable in the face of small incidents... In dense area, as in the Ile-de-France region, all these elements must be taken into account as the transportation plan is designed.Today, SNCF Transilien designs its transportation plans by first taking into account the optimization of production resources (train paths, rolling stock units and drivers). However, today, the increase in resources implemented no longer improves the adequacy of the transportation plan to passengers’ demand. This design method no longer makes it possible to cope with the increase in the demand for mobility (+3% each year since 2000). This is why we must rethink the design of the transport plan by immediately integrating the passenger dimension. Our work focuses on issues of line planning and timetabling in a passenger-oriented approach. First, we present a multi-objective model for line planning. Then, we present a model of timetabling incorporating passenger route choice. Then, we initiate a method to integrate these two models. Finally, we present an evaluation of our results thanks to reliability indicators from the literature and a macroscopic simulation of the timetables
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Jian-HuaFang and 房建樺. "PASSENGER ASSIGNMENT AND PRICING STRATEGY FOR A PASSENGER RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46956013247376249355.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
交通管理科學系
103
We investigate the railway passenger pricing problem in which a railway company adjusts its ticket prices to affect passengers’ choices so that the system’s performance can be optimized. Passengers in the railway system make their route choices selfishly to minimize their generalized costs. To capture passenger choices, a space time expense network (STEN) is generated according to published timetables, and a model based on the user equilibrium principle widely used in roadway traffic is developed. Due to the design of the STEN, the difficult second-best congestion pricing in such railway systems is as straightforward as the first-best congestion pricing. A descent direction based heuristic is proposed to determine the optimal pricing scheme in an efficient manner. Numerical results demonstrate that the resulting pricing strategy can drive the system to its best performance by changing passenger choices. The empirical results also show that a railway company only needs to modestly adjust its pricing structure to achieve optimal system performance.
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Huang, Shin-Yi, and 黃心怡. "Railway Station Passenger Demand and Accessibility Indices." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47718753478046218385.
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Chou-YangChen and 陳周陽. "A Railway Passenger Service Valuation Pricing Model." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01823322120242661550.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
交通管理科學系
105
Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) is restricted on its operation by the regulations, the current ticket fare is set by the per mile rates system. Although THSR has implemented many different pricing strategies, fares can only be priced within upper 20% due to the regulations. A good pricing should consider customer’s valuation to provide different level versions of products for market segmentation. However, there are few studies on pricing origin-destination routes in railway. This study will establish a pricing model in railway through reviewing the pricing models in retail and aviation. The main basis of pricing in this model is business travelers’ and leisure travelers’ service valuation. This study can construct a three-stage non-cooperative game to take into account the buying behaviour of these two types of travelers in two selling period and use backward induction to solve, however, it cannot directly find the optimal pricing. Therefore, a hybrid method is used by genetic algorithm and simplex method based on backward induction to solve the game. The numerical results show that there is the same unique optimal pricing strategy, regardless of any circumstances; due to leisure travelers and business travelers appear at different time in two selling period. As a result, THSR can use lower fare in the early selling period to attract leisure travelers and higher fare in the later selling period to attract business travelers and price out leisure travelers. Therefore, THSR can extract full consumer surplus of two types of travelers and maximize revenue.