Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Passive DTS'
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Susanto, Kusnahadi. "Mesures distribuées de la température du sol pour l'hydrologie proche de la surface : utilisation de la technologie passive des fibres optiques pour déduire l'humidité du sol dans un bassin versant Méditerranéen." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAH010.
Full textKnowledge of soil surface water content dynamics provides valuable information on soil-water interaction and changes in groundwater. This variability can be measured by direct and indirect methods. This thesis deals with the relationship between temperature observation and soil water content. Temperature observation is used as an indirect method to understand the hydrology and thermo-physics of soil water flow. To improve knowledge of the interaction between water and soil in the shallow surface, fiber-optic DTS technology was used to measure long-term soil temperature. This strategy is expected to provide more detailed hydrological information. Three soil types were considered in this field experiment: colluvial forest, colluvial shrubland or grassland, and black marl
Neto, Rafael Tobias Moretti. "Determinação de níveis ótimos de passividade em prótese sobre implante em função da deformação dos intermediários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25135/tde-04092007-143032/.
Full textPassive fit has been considered one of the most important requirements for the success of implant supported prostheses. This in vitro study investigated the abutment deformation of an implant-supported prosthesis after screw tightening of palladium-silver and cobalt-chromium prosthetic cylinder. A master model was used to simulate a human mandible with five implants. The Strain gauges were attached on the sides of each abutment to capture deformations because of the cylinders screws after was tightened. The abutments were mounted onto implant replicas and the screws were tightened to a 20 Ncm torque, and the readings were recorded. After this step, palladiumsilver and cobalt-chromium prosthetic cylinders were tightened to a 10 Ncm torque and the readings were recorded. The measurements were repeated five times. Mann-Whitney statistical test was applied to the results. No statistical differences were found between the deformation generated by palladium-silver and cobalt-chromium prosthetic cylinders. However, there were differences relative to the quality of the strain. The deformation generated by screw tightness of the cobalt-chromium prosthetic cylinders was compressive while palladium-silver prosthetic cylinders generated compressive and tensile strain.
Gimeno-Vives, Oriol. "L’évolution tectono-sédimentaire des marges de la Téthys dans le système orogenic Rifain." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CERG1028.
Full textThe Rif belt (northern Morocco) is a mountain chain at the junction between the Mediterranean and Central Atlantic Domains, representing the western edge of the Maghrebides System. It belongs to a much larger orogeny, the Mediterranean Alpine belts extending from the Western Mediterranean up to the Himalayas. The Rif belt results from the collision between two continental domains initially separated by the Maghrebian Tethys.This belt is classically subdivided into: (1) Internal zones (or Internal Rif), is an allochthonous metamorphic domain. (2) Flysch zones (the original cover of the Maghrebian Tethys). (3) External zones (or External Rif) representing the North African margin remnants.Despite spectacular compressional events, the Rif represents a remarkable place for the understanding of rifting and oceanization mechanisms and their incorporation in mountain belts, because remnants of the Mesozoic North African rifted margin are especially well preserved in its external zones. Especially, the External Rif conserves characteristics of the distal margin. This thesis presents detailed field evidence and geochronological data from two subunits of the External Rif, the Mesorif, and the Intrarif.- The Mesorif preserves a major rifting phase during the Middle Jurassic, characterizing the formation of the Mesozoic North African margin. It presents particular lithostratigraphic associations of mafic intrusive rocks overlain by dismembered and discontinuous blocks of Lower Jurassic carbonates covered by Middle to Upper Jurassic sediments. U-Pb zircon dating of 4 samples from the intrusive has been done, showing ages close to the Triassic-Jurassic boundary (195-200 Ma). From a petrographic and chronologic point of view, the intrusive magmatism, corresponds to the CAMP (Central Atlantic Magmatic Province), known around the Central Atlantic.- The Intrarif displays the exhumed mantle domain, exposed in the Beni-Malek massif, consisting on highly serpentinized peridotites exhibiting ophicalcites with uppermost Jurassic limestones resting conformably on top. This suggests that the exhumation of the mantle occurred at the distal part of the North African Mesozoic margin at this time. Altogether, these observations enable us to discuss the architecture and evolution of the western part of the North African rifted margin.Moreover, the location of the Rif, in between the Central Atlantic and the Alpine/Maghrebian Tethys, enables to investigate the connection between these two oceanic domains during the Mesozoic. However, thanks to the new concepts and models developed since this period, we are able to propose a renewed scenario for the building of this margin. As we will see this scenario implies poly-phase rifting, magmatic activity and mantle exhumation.Later on, by the Late Cretaceous, the North African margin has suffered a complete different history, passing from a passive margin to a convergence setting, affecting the whole Tethys Realm. The External Rif presents several features that are unusual in the external zones of a mountain belt:-They record poly-phase deformation events with evidence for an early and initial (pre-Oligocene) contractional event occurring before the Miocene thrusting of the Internal Units over the External Units.-They include the presence of External Metamorphic Massifs (EMM) recording a HP-LT metamorphic gradient.-They exhibit large allochthonous thrust-sheets identified since a long time across the whole External Rif.The thesis is based on the onshore study of the geodynamic evolution of the Rif belt since the earliest stages of the North African Mesozoic margin formation, through the compressional stages of mountain building, up to its present day position
Sant´Anna, Danilo Barbosa de. "Processo coletivo passivo : um estudo sobre a admissibilidade das ações coletivas passivas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/18156.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as particularidades do processo coletivo passivo e analisar o cabimento das ações coletivas passivas no Brasil. A partir do viés passivo da tutela coletiva, reexaminados marcos históricos das ações coletivas. Com atenção às situações coletivas passivas, identificou-se os fundamentos e as características da coletividade-ré. Sem desprezar a abordagem de lege ferenda do tema, analisou-se casos variados em que a jurisprudência brasileira já admite o processamento de ações coletivas passivas. Demonstrou-se que, em que pese a ausência de previsão legal específica do instituto e a divergência doutrinária sobre a matéria, o Judiciário brasileiro está autorizado a apreciar demandas coletivas passivas. Seja em razão do princípio da inafastabilidade, seja pela garantia do devido processo legal, há respaldo na Constituição Federal para que grupos, assim considerados, sejam processados. A admissibilidade do processo coletivo passivo depende da estruturação de aspectos procedimentais que permitam o correto processamento das ações coletivas passivas. A legitimidade coletiva passiva deverá ser aferida a partir do controle judicial da representatividade adequada. A coisa julgada coletiva passiva deve ser simples e ampla, abrangendo todos os membros da coletividade, inclusive os que não participaram do processo. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This work aimed to study the particularities of defendant class litigation and analyze the admissibility of the defendant class actions in Brazil. From the defendant class point of view, re-examines the historical landmarks of class actions. With attention to defendant class situations, we identified the reasons and the characteristics of the defendant group. Without neglecting the lege ferend a approach of the theme, analyzed various cases where the Brazilian jurisprudence already allows the processing of defendant class actions. It was demonstrated that, despite the absence of specific legal provisions of the institute and the doctrinal disagreement on the matter, the Brazilian Judicial Power is authorized to assess defendant class demands. Either because of the principle of access to justice, or because of the due process of law, there is support in the Constitution for groups, considered as such, be sued. The admissibility of defendant class litigation depends on the structuring of procedural aspects to enable the correct processing of defendant class actions. The defendant class representative must be chosen through judicial control of adequacy of representation. The binding effect of the defendant class action must be simple and extensive, covering all members of the group, including the absent parties.
Garnier, Antoine. "Développement d'un échantillonneur passif pour un diagnostic de la contamination des zones portuaires par des organoétains." Thesis, IMT Mines Alès, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EMAL0009.
Full textThe problem of aquatic environment contamination is one of the major concerns today. With a view of progress, optimization and efficiency, chemical compounds have been widely used in many areas. This is the case of organotin mainly used in antifouling paints for boat hulls. These compounds of a biocidal nature are ultimately transferred to the water and are ingested by living organisms or can be adsorbed on suspended particles and sediments on the seabed where they can persist for several years. The impact of these compounds on human health and the environment has led to the establishment of standards regulating their use, as well as environmental quality standards. Monitoring of the concentration of these compounds in the environment is therefore necessary to ensure the compliance with these standards.In order to contribute to the monitoring of organotin contamination in port areas, this thesis deals with the development of a diagnostic tool adapted to the measurement of organotin concentration in the marine environment. Passive sampling, which has gained interest in recent years, has a real potential to provide an operational answer to this problem.Initially, the development and validation of the Chemcatcher ® passive sampler is carried out on one hand through the study of the accumulation kinetics of organotin compounds, and on the other hand through laboratory and in-situ calibrations at the study site located in Port Camargue harbour. An environmental application was also carried out with this device in order to validate the use of this passive sampler for the diagnosis of organotin contamination of harbour areas.A new device was then proposed, the ePSOM (Passive Sampling Organotin Marina) passive sampler, intended for the specific and optimal accumulation of organotins in the marine environment. This device has been developed and validated both in the laboratory and in situ. Its use in Port Camargue harbour demonstrates its applicability to meet the needs for environmental diagnosis in these port areas.Finally, in order to increase the specificity of this type of sampling, a new retention phase has been developed thanks to the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer. Different syntheses were tested in order to obtain different particle sizes and shapes. Organotin accumulation kinetics of the molecularly imprinted polymers were tested to verify the retention capacity of this phase with respect to these compounds.The results obtained will help address the problem of monitoring organotin contamination in port areas by providing a diagnostic tool adapted to this environment and these compounds
Novo, Sylvia Marquart Fontes. "Efeito dos leucócitos do colostro materno na resposta imune de bezerros recém-nascidos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-25082015-113618/.
Full textThis study evaluated the effect of leukocytes passive transference from bovine colostrum in specific immunity of newborn calves. During neonatal period, 20 Holstein calves were followed. Animals were distributed in two experimental groups: COL+ which received fresh colostrum (4L) from their mothers, and COL- which received frozen and acellular colostrum (4L) that came from donor cows. The evaluations were performed in the following moments: before colostrum intake (M0), 1-2 (M1), 7 (M2), 14 (M3), 21 (M4) and 28 days after birth (M5). Heifers were submitted to clinical examination. Then, blood samples were harvested for hemogram, immunophenotyping and cell culture. Both groups were fed with the same quality of colostrum (immunoglobulin concentration 70-120 g/L). The cell concentration of fresh colostrum that was provided to COL+ group was 1.895.849 cells/mL. It was not possible to detect differences in vital functions concerning the experimental groups. The system specific examination reveled one case of bronchopneumonia, three cases of umbilical inflammation and major rates of diarrhea score 3 in group COL-. Clinical alterations were reflected in calves erythrogram. It was found lower mean value for hemoglobin (HGB) in M3 for COL-. Regarding age, a gradual reduction in mean values for erythrocytes, HGB, HCT (hematocrit) and hematimetric rates were observed in the first month of life. The frequency of anemic heifers was higher in COL- group at moments M4 and M5. Regarding leukogram, it was observed difference between groups for lymphocytes in M0 and M2 with higher values in COL-. Concerning moments, it was possible to detect leukocytosis by neutrophilia from M0 up to M1 and inversion of neutrophil:lymphocyte relation from this moment. Values of CD45+CD45RO- was higher in M0 for COL-, furthermore, increase of cellular memory marker expression CD45RO+ was observed from M0 to M1 in both groups. The CD3+gamma-delta- increased during the study. On the other hand, CD3+gamma-delta+ were lower in M5 in relation to M0-M3. Increase of CD14+MHCII+ values were also detected in the first month of life, indicating maturation of antigen presenting cells. Regarding cytokine production by mononuclear cells of heifers blood, it was possible to identify higher concentration of IFN-gamma in M4 when cells of COL- were stimulated with S. aureus (1 mononuclear: 10 inactivated bacteria). The concentration of IL-17 detected from COL+ cells was higher in M3, when cells were stimulated with ConA. Based on these results, it can be concluded that: a) COL- heifers presented higher frequency and intensity of diseases that evolved to anemia of inflammation; b) COL- heifers presented higher lymphocyte absolute number, represented specially by CD3+gamma-delta+ subsets in episodes of higher frequency of diarrhea; c) memory lymphocytes CD45RO+ increased after colostrum intake in both groups, suggesting that other acellular colostrum components can present fundamental role in development of immunological response in newborn heifers; d) the subset of CD3+gamma-delta- and the cells CD14+MHCII- and CD14+MHCII+ increased during the first month of life, indicating immunological maturation; e) heifers mononuclear cells did not respond for herpes virus bovine type 1, however, responded for bacterial stimulus, specially Escherichia coli. The interpretation of leukogram with the variation of presented analyses for inflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-17, allow to state that heifers presented delayed inflammatory response and of lesser magnitude in COL-.
Tavares, Márcia Cristina Pereira. "Sistemas solares passivos na arquitectura em Portugal - Os envidraçados nos edifícios residenciais em Lisboa." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6080.
Full textO presente estudo procura, para edifícios com grandes áreas de vãos envidraçados, disponibilizar informação relativa às questões de conforto e de consumo de energia para aquecimento e arrefecimento, com particular ênfase em fracções de edifícios residenciais localizados num clima temperado, onde co-existem as duas estações bem diferenciadas tendo-se, neste trabalho, optado por seleccionar edifícios situados na localidade de Lisboa. Tendo em conta, o aumento crescente das áreas de envidraçados em edifícios residenciais, frequentemente superiores a 60% da área das fachadas em que estão inseridos, torna-se de extrema importância avaliar a influência de tais opções arquitectónicas no binómio conforto térmico-energia. Para o efeito, foi seleccionado um conjunto de unidades habitacionais no parque edificado lisboeta, em que a um dos critérios que presidiu à selecção dos mesmos diz respeito à dimensão da área de vãos. Além deste critério, optou-se também por o universo de estudo ser balizado pela entrada em vigor da primeira Regulamentação Térmica dos Edifícios em Portugal, RCCTE, Decreto de Lei 40/90 de 6 de Fevereiro, em que apenas os edifícios construídos depois de 1990 foram objecto de estudo. No conjunto seleccionado, 22 fracções, foram levadas a cabo monitorizações, entre 2007 e 2009, nas estações de Verão e de Inverno, conducentes à avaliação das condições interiores em termos da temperatura do ar e humidade relativa, num total de quatro campanhas experimentais. Com base nos resultados das diversas campanhas de monitorização, e levantamento dimensional e construtivo, foram construídos no software de simulação térmica EnerguPlus (E+) modelos detalhados e simplificados à semelhança das unidades monitorizadas, de forma a ter sido considerado neste processo as características de cada unidade habitacional e as condições em que foram monitorizadas. Por fim, foi ainda possível definir e calibrar dois modelos tipológicos capazes de responder e representar um universo mais alargado de soluções: Modelo1 com uma única face exposta e Modelo 2 com duas faces expostas opostas. Com base nas monitorizações, construção dos modelos e respectiva calibração, foi possível identificar os efeitos e influências de alguns parâmetros no comportamento térmico de fracções com tais características de envidraçados, embora numa fase inicial do trabalho, não tivessem sido extensivamente explorados. Os modelos simplificados foram utilizados para o desenvolvimento de uma Matriz de soluções e estudos decorrentes, sendo as soluções presentes na Matriz resultantes de diversas combinações entre os elementos constituintes de um sistema passivo de fácil integração num edifício: sistema de ganho directo. As opções da Matriz, foram obtidas a partir da combinação entre os elementos de captação (envolvente não-opaca: envidraçados), armazenamento/amortecimento e retenção (envolvente opaca: massa térmica e isolamento térmico). Para cada elemento da Matriz foram ainda submetidas variações ao nível de: orientação, localização no edifício e estratégias de dissipação de calor - ventilação natural. Partindo de uma abordagem experimental/numérica foi possível concretizar os objectivos do estudo, e verificar quais são de facto as possibilidades de se obter condições interiores de temperatura que conduzam a menores valores de necessidades de energia para obtenção das condições de conforto térmico, bem como avaliar a influência dos parâmetros contemplados na Matriz (correlacionados com intenções de projecto). Procura-se deste modo contribuir para a tomada de decisões ainda numa fase inicial de projecto, sendo sempre disponibilizados dados quantitativos e qualitativos de desempenho nas principais estações do ano (temperatura e necessidades energéticas) e de forma integrada em termos anuais.
Souto, Marta Oliveira. "Avaliação electromiográfica dos efeitos da aplicação de bandas neuromusculares nos músculos extensores lombares durante uma tarefa de mobilização passiva." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4966.
Full textObjectivo: Avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de bandas neuromusculares (BNM) na actividade electromiográfica (EMG) dos extensores lombares do terapeuta, durante a execução de uma tarefa de mobilização passiva fisiológica da articulação coxofemoral para hiperextensão. Métodos: 15 participantes (7 femininos e 8 masculinos) com média de idades de 23,20±3,28 anos, foram submetidos a avaliação electromiográfica antes, durante e após a tarefa de mobilização passiva. Cada participante foi avaliado nos mesmos 3 dias da mesma semana. Resultados: Existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre o primeiro dia, correspondeste ao controlo, e o segundo dia de avaliação, com aplicação aguda da BNM nos músculos extensores lombares esquerdos. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a aplicação aguda da BNM reduziu a actividade electromiográfica dos músculos erectores da coluna lombar esquerdos durante a tarefa de mobilização passiva da articulação coxo-femoral.
Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of the application of kinesiology tape (KT) in the electromyographic (EMG) signal on the therapist lumbar extensor muscles, during a task of physiological passive mobilization of the hip joint for hyperextension. Methods: 15 subjects (7 female and 8 male) with a mean age of 23,20±3,28 years, participated in the study. They were evaluated with surface electromyography before, during and after the task of passive mobilization. Each subject was assessed on the same 3 days of the same weak. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the first day of evaluation, corresponding to control, and the second day of evaluation, with acute KT application, on the left lumbar extensor muscles during a task of passive mobilization, between the first and second days. Conclusion: The results suggest that the application of KT reduces the electromyographic activity on the left lumbar extensor muscles during the task of physiological passive mobilization of the hip joint.
Bem, Samuel Henrique Camara de. "Avaliação dos efeitos da irrigação ultrassônica passiva, por meio de microtomografia computadorizada, microscopia óptica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58133/tde-24052016-161824/.
Full textThe aim of this study was to determine by μCT the internal volume increasing, after using of P.U.I., in different dental substrates (human and bovine); the removal of the smear layer and debris from the root canal, after using P.U.I. with different irrigation solutions, using SEM e OM. In order to verify the internal volume increasing, 20 teeth (ten humans and ten bovine) were selected and standardized with 17 mm ± 1 mm of length. Human teeth were prepared to a final diameter of #50/05. As the bovine teeth presents large root canal, they did not receive biomechanical preparation. Each tooth was fixed on a movable platform on the μCT device and the first test was carried out. The specimens were subjected to P.U.I. (EMS device with 32 KHz of frequency) in order to performed the second μCT test respecting the same standards. Images were captured and compared before and after P.U.I. Fourth six mandibular canine teeth were selected to verify the smear layer and debris removal. The teeth were prepared to the final diameter of #50/05 and subjected to P.U.I. with different irrigation solutions: G3 (Saline); G4 (NaOCl 1 %); G5 (EDTA-C 17 %); G6 (NaOCl 1% / EDTA-C 17 %). After P.U.I. 24 teeth were prepared and analyzed using SEM and 22 teeth were subjected to histological processing and thus analyzed with OM. The present smear layer was determined by score s\' attribution ranging from 1 - 4. Presence of debris was determined by attribution of the screen integration from the Image J software. Data were analyzed with the support of BioEstat 5.0 software. The results showed that P.U.I. significantly increased the internal volume of root canal of human (p=0,008) and bovine teeth (p=0,002). The P.U.I. did not remove the smear layer nor debris (p=0,1923) statistically significant. It was concluded that P.U.I. is not passive, it increases the internal volume of root canal independently of the tested dental substrates; it did not remove the smear layer, but significantly decreased the onset of action of the final solution; it did not promote statistically significant differences regarding the debris removal however independently of the final irrigation solution to carry out P.U.I. increases the root canal debris removal.
Podkhlebnik, Yvette. "Subsidence et régime thermique des bassins intracratoniques et des marges continentales passives = Subsidence and thermal regime of intracratonic basins and continental passive margins /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1992. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textSoares, Valter Rafael Jesus Leite. "Avaliação termográfica dos efeitos da aplicação de Kinesio Taping no músculo trapézio superior durante a execução de uma tarefa de mobilização passiva." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4434.
Full textObjetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de uma aplicação de kinesio taping (KT) na temperatura da pele do músculo trapézio superior, durante a execução de uma tarefa de mobilização passiva fisiológica da articulação coxofemoral para hiperextensão. Metodologia: 15 indivíduos, com média de idades de 25,53±5,45 anos, foram submetidos a avaliação termográfica, antes, depois e 5 minutos após uma tarefa de mobilização passiva. Cada participante foi avaliado em 3 dias consecutivos. Resultados: A tarefa de mobilização passiva provocou alterações estatisticamente significativas (p<0,05) na temperatura da pele, mas não se registaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas relativamente à aplicação de KT. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos não permitem demonstrar alterações da temperatura da pele decorrentes da aplicação de KT no trapézio superior.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of application of kinesio taping (KT) in skin temperature of the upper trapezius muscle during a physiological task of passive mobilization of the hip joint hyperextension. Methods: 15 subjects with a mean age of 25,53 ± 5,45 years, underwent thermographic evaluation, before, after and 5 minutes after a task passive mobilization. Each participant was assessed on 3 consecutive days. Results: The task of passive mobilization resulted in statistically significant changes (p<0,05) in skin temperature but there were no statistically significant changes caused by application of KT. Conclusion: The results do not prove changes in skin temperature resulting from the application of KT in the upper trapezius.
Castellani, Cristina. "Rôle des auxiliaires du passif en italien." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCC020.
Full textItalian passive form offers a variety of choices that are hardly comparable to those of French. Apart from the canonical form essere and Past Participle, there are also the forms with venire, andare, finire, rimanere, risultare, restare, stare. The objective of this work is to understand the use of essere, venire, andare, rimanere and restare, auxiliaries of the Italian passive form, and the function of the existence of such a diversity within the framework of the Lexicon-Grammar of Maurice Gross and Amr H. Ibrahim's Methodology of Analytical Defining Matrixes (ADM).The study develops through 10 chapters.The first part introduces the state of the art on the Italian passive and the description of the chosen five auxiliaries, according to the traditional description of linguists and grammarians. The following chapters are devoted to the description of each auxiliary and the comparison of their uses.The work concludes with the synthesis of the different characteristics of passive periphrases and considerations of an aspectual-temporal order with an attempt at systematization.The aim of this work is to prove that the said auxiliaries are rarely commutable and that each of them introduces different morpho-syntactic and aspectual restrictions
Diniz, Ana Margarida Marques Nobre de Sousa. "O maneio do vitelo recém-nascido : efeito da quantidade ingerida de colostro na vitalidade dos vitelos." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14909.
Full textOs vitelos nascem sem qualquer protecção contra os agentes infeciosos a que se encontram expostos. Esta protecção é adquirida mediante o consumo de colostro que permite a aquisição de imunoglobulinas produzidas pela vaca. A aquisição destas proteínas é designada por transferência passiva da imunidade. O objectivo deste estudo consistiu na análise do efeito da quantidade de colostro ingerida na vitalidade dos vitelos. Foram analisados 60 vitelos que foram equitativamente divididos em dois grupos consoante a quantidade de colostro consumida. O grupo 1, constituído por 18 fêmeas e 12 machos, consumiu 2,5l de colostro enquanto o grupo 2, constituído por 15 fêmeas e 15 machos, consumiu 4l de colostro. Neste estudo foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: qualidade do colostro (contagem de mesófilos, contagem de coliformes e densidade), transferência da imunidade passiva e vitalidade dos animais. Contrariamente ao esperado, não se verificaram melhorias na qualidade do colostro com o aumento da paridade das vacas. Após análise dos resultados obteve-se uma densidade de 1,053 e uma contagem de mesófilos e coliformes de 111901 ufc/ml e 1559 ufc/ml, respectivamente. Relativamente à concentração proteica no soro, verificou-se que os animais do grupo 1 evidenciaram menor concentração de proteína (6,99 g/dl) do que os animais do grupo 2 (7,44 g/dl). Embora se tenham verificado diferenças na concentração proteica entre os grupos, constatou-se que 98,3% da população obteve uma boa imunidade passiva (≥ 5,5 g/dl). Neste estudo não se verificaram casos de falha de transmissão passiva. Quanto à vitalidade dos vitelos observou-se que esta não foi afectada pela quantidade de colostro ingerida. Contudo, constatou-se que a idade do animal (0-7 dias, 8-14 dias e 15-30 dias) teve influência nos parâmetros que exprimem a vitalidade, traduzindo uma maior susceptibilidade dos animais na segunda semana de vida. Em suma, conclui-se que com o maneio exercido, o fornecimento de 2,5l de colostro foi suficiente para garantir a sobrevivência do neonato no período neonatal.
ABSTRACT - Management of the newborn dairy calf: Effect of colostrum quantity ingestion on calves vitality - Calves are born without any protection against the infectious agents to wich they are exposed. This protection is acquired through the consumption of colostrum that allows the acquisition of immunoglobulins by the cow. The acquisition of these proteins is called passive transfer of immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the amount of colostrum ingested on the vitality of the calves. Sixty calves were analised and evenly divided in two groups according to the amount of colostrum ingested. The first group, composed by 18 females and 12 males, consumed 2,5l of colostrum while the secong group, composed by 15 females and 15 males, consumed 4l of colostrum. The following parameters were evaluated: colostrum quality (total plate count (TPC), coliform count (CC) and specific gravity), transfer of passive immunity and animal’s vitality. Contrary to expectations, no improvements were seen on colostrum quality with the increase of the dam parity. After the results analysis we obtained a specific gravity of 1,053 and a TPC and CC of 111901 cfu/ml and 1559 cfu/ml, respectively. Regarding the serum protein concentration, the animals in group 1 showed lower protein concentration (6,99 g/dl) than the animals in group 2 (7,44 g/dl). Although there were no differences in protein concentration between the groups, it was found that 98,3% of the population obtained good transfer of passive immunity (≥ 5,5 g/dl). In this study there were no cases of failure of passive transfer. At last, calf’s vitality wasn’t affected by colostrum quantity. However, it was verified that the age of the animal had influence in the parameters that express the vitality, showing a greater susceptibility of the animals in the second week of life. In summary, it is concluded that with the management applied, the supply of 2,5l of colostrum was enough to guarantee the survival of the neonate in the neonatal period.
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Buddhapong, Sudarat. "Étude contrastive des moyens exprimant le passif en français et en thaï." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040151.
Full textThis research is a contrastive study of various passive syntactic constructions in French and Thai. The study also extends to examine the general definitions of passive, by studying various passive constructions in both languages. The findings reveal that in French, the language constructions with passive meaning are characterized thematically more than semantically, and the passive forms are presented according to focalization or verbal expressions. However, in Thai, the passive forms are characterized semantically – detrimental, benefactive, and neutral – the meaning governing the choice of passive structures. Constructions with passive meaning are more frequently used in French than in Thai. Besides, grammatical subjects with patient role can be omitted in Thai, but not in French. Agents can be deleted in both languages. In French, noun phrase order constructions with passive meaning are from singular impersonal noun to singular impersonal noun, while in Thai they are from singular personal noun to singular personal noun. Furthermore, some verbs which can be employed in the various constructions with passive meaning cannot always freely substitute in all constructions. Finally, the study shows that the general definitions of passive cannot be accepted without considering semantic factors
Aliouane, Kamel. "Contribution à l'étude du filtrage d'harmoniques des réseaux de distribution à l'aide de l'association de filtres actif et passif parallèle." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL012N.
Full textScheele, Patrick. "Steuerbare passive Mikrowellenkomponenten auf Basis hochpermittiver ferroelektrischer Schichten /." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/ilmenau/toc/548255903.PDF.
Full textSmeele, Frank Gerhard Martinus. "Passieve legitimatie uit cognossement /." Kluwer : Deventer, 1998. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/27231188X.pdf.
Full textBelles, Angel. "Développement et applications environnementales des échantillonneurs passifs pour la surveillance des écosystèmes aquatiques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14723/document.
Full textFor a better understanding and management of the environmental quality, contaminant analysis in the various compartments is a natural first step in the understanding of the dynamics of pollutants and of their impacts on ecosystems. However sampling strategies commonly used have not changed since the advent of analytical chemistry. These techniques in general consist of taking a certain amount of sample (water, air, solid) to extract the substances of interest to assay. The issue of representativeness of such sampling practices arises since for a given site the contamination can vary over time and over short distances. Detailed understanding of the contamination of an ecosystem using such sampling techniques requires the multiplication of samples over time and space.Since the 80’s and more especially the beginning of 2000, passive sampling tools have been developed in many areas. They provide an integrated monitoring of contamination over time at low cost. These new approaches are based on the fact that the sample are taken continuously in-situ and without energy supply, thus providing an average value of the contamination.To use these devices, a number of laboratory developments must first be conducted to determine the kinetic constants to deduce the necessary characteristics of the environmental contamination. Thus, as part of this work, a selection of existing samplers has been tested and adapted in laboratory experiments and evaluated in real conditions at various environmental sites.Laboratory developments have been conducted to develop different configuration tools in order to be used for a wide range of pollutants with the best quantitative capacity. For example, suitable devices have been developed for sampling highly polar molecules which previously were not strongly sampled by existing devices.On-site, sampling tools were mainly implemented in the framework of broader research programs and consequently have been tested during large field studies (Bassin d'Arcachon, Gironde Estuary) to compare their performance to grab sampling techniques. The results provided by the tools are similar to those obtained by grab sampling. However, the quantitative aspect appears still improvable either by the use of new performance reference compounds or by using devices more robust and slightly affected in their performance by environmental conditions
Horvai, Peter. "Advection passive par des champs de vitesse stochastiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000712.
Full textMeinhardt, Miriam. "Der Einfluss der Informationsstruktur auf das Verständnis von Aktiv- und Passivsätzen im ungestörten Spracherwerb." Master's thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/5956/.
Full textChildren acquire passive constructions later than most other syntactic structures. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether this phenomenon can be explained with an information-structural account. In former studies problems in the acquisition of the passive voice have often been attributed to its low input frequency or to its specific syntactic characteristics. However, none of these theories could sufficiently explain the late age of acquisition of passive structures. Sentences in the active voice, the canonical, unmarked, structure in German can be used in any discourse context while passive sentences are almost always used if the patient of the described action is GIVEN in the context and/ or serves as the TOPIC of the sentence. Therefore passive sentences cannot be used in any context without violating information structural constraints. It is more difficult for children – due to their less developed syntactic abilities – than for adults to process sentences which do not occur in an information structurally appropriate context. The present study examines the influence of the context on sentence comprehension abilities of German speaking children. Children at the age of 3;0 – 4;11 years were presented active or passive sentences in an information structurally appropriate, inappropriate or neutral context. As expected, children comprehended active sentences better than passive sentences, and 4-year olds performed better than 3-year olds. There was a tendency that 3-year olds comprehended passive sentences better but active sentences worse if the subject of the sentence was GIVEN in the context. However, there were no statistically significant context effects, in contrast to a similar study with English-speaking children (Gourley and Catlin, 1978). In addition, it could be shown that German-speaking children comprehended passive sentences better than English-speaking children in other studies. The results are explained with the Competition Model (Mac Whinney and Bates, 1987) and Stromswold’s (2002) theory of language processing. It is also discussed why German-speaking children showed different language comprehension abilities than English-speaking children.
Ternet, François. "Caloduc miniature pour le refroidissement passif des composants électroniques d'un décodeur Orange." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC221.
Full textThis report presents the study of a passive two-phase cooling of a television decoder using heat pipe. It is composed into two main parts: a first part concerns the numerical studies and the second an experimentalstudy. Numerical study is conducted in order to determine the geometric and physico-chemicalcharacteristics of heat pipes in order to optimally cool the TV decoder. Two numerical analyses arecarried out: a first one, which is analytical model that is based on the global study of the heat pipe inorder to determine the maximum heat flux that can be dissipated. Different working fluid could bestudied and various architectural design of heat pipe are tested. Different fluids are tested in order todetermine the best configuration of the micro-channel respecting heat pipes working limitations. Asecond model is carried out to characterize the local physical parameters such as: pressure in the liquidand vapour phases, temperature, thermal resistances, capillary radius, etc. This second simulation iscarried out by a Runge-Kutta method to solve differential equations. In the experimental part, an experimentalset up is has been installed in the laboratory to study heat pipes performances under variousexperimental conditions. A filling system has been developed for heat pipes in order to test variousworking fluids and different charges. Finally, the best configuration of the heat pipe is tested to coolOrange decoder. Different tests are conducted previously in order to make characterization of the conventionalcooling system and heat pipe cooling mod
Surchamp, Alexia. "Emissions potentielles de polluants organiques persistants à partir du milieu urbain et par les activités de traitement des déchets : impact sur la qualité de l'air au voisinage des sources." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066010/document.
Full textThe objective was to characterize the indirect emissions of SVOCs (PCB, HCB, PeCB, PAHs, phthalates and PBDE) on potentially contaminated environments by their uses (underground railway zones, traffic roads) and waste treatment sites (wastewater treatment plants, elimination, vehicle destruction sites). Measuring networks including "large volume" active air samplers, passive samplers and environmental bio-accumulators have been used to acquire data in the vicinity of potential sources. The results reveal an ubiquity of all the measured compounds in the air, where their presence in the gas phase prevails. The air contamination of the study sites shows a common ranking (phthalates> PAHs> HCB> PeCB> PCBs> PBDEs), where air contamination in summer is more important, confirming the relative importance of diffuse emissions by passive volatilization The results from passive sensors demonstrate the value of this complementary tool for the realization of large spatio-temporal scale study. The interpretation of environmental state from air, soil, atmospheric deposition and plant bio-accumulators analyzes indicates that the contamination remains mostly equivalent to urban area.. The results reveal that diffuse emissions of non-halogenated SVOCs (phthalates and PAHs) by passive volatilization, represent an environmental and health challenge where that could exceed those of past POPs (PCBs, PBDE, ...)
Aliakbari, Alireza. "Étude et optimisation des processus d’usinage utilisant des dispositifs à amortissement passif." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, HESAM, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023HESAE002.
Full textThe most significant and critical objectives of all industrial units nowadays are mass production at a lower cost in terms of material and resources and machining industry is not and exception. Vibration is one of the most harmful problems facing machining process, which significantly affects the quality of the final product. Machine tools vibration is a result of generated forces in the process. During the last decades many research has been done in relation to this topic from different aspects. Understanding, modeling, detection, suppression, etc. have recently been the aim of previous research that has led to various methodologies to avoid chatter and machine tools vibration.This project with the title of " Study and optimization of machining processes using passive damping devices " is a CIFRE Ph.D. contract that stands for Industrial Agreement of Training through Research. The proposal is granted by ANRT (Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie) in collaboration with the SECO company and AMVALOR (Arts et Métiers commercial branch). This project brings together SECO R&D and LISPEN Laboratory to boost Steadyline product efficiency and productivity by undertaking technical and scientifical investigation of the dynamics behavior of the process using these devices. Steadyline is a family of anti-vibration toolholders known for minimizing or even eliminating vibration during all sorts of machining processes. The key principle of the Steadyline is a tuned mass damper which mitigate the toolholder vibration resulting in better surface finish and higher productivity. This kind of solution, adopted by most of the toolholder maker in the world, become popular among the machinist, but the feed-back from machinists points out some drawbacks like insufficient robustness and erratic efficiency. The key objectives of this research are to analyze existing Steadyline behavior, both with and without machining process, and to propose solutions to improve its efficiency and to better mitigate chatter problems. These solutions are intended to be fed to industry and the market in an later industrialization phase
Popp, Martin. "Passive integriert-optische Multimode-Koppler in Polymeren : Design, Herstellung und Charakterisierung /." Düsseldorf : VDI-Verl, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/326462848.pdf.
Full textEberl, Bernhard. "Beeinflussung des motorischen Systems durch passive Fingerbewegungen." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1000694313/34.
Full textPeng, Hao. "Composition chimique et nanostructure des films passifs formés sur acier inoxydable austénitique : effet du molybdène." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066493/document.
Full textThe chemical composition of the air-formed native oxide film and the passive film formed in acidic medium (0.05 M H2SO4) at 500 mV/SHE on the (100)-oriented Fe-17Cr-14.5Ni-2.3Mo single crystal stainless steel surface was studied by Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These films can be considered as having a duplex structure with an outer layer enriched in Fe and an inner layer enriched in Cr. The passivation causes a net enrichment of Mo concentrated in the outer layer of the passive films. Aging in the passive state promotes the enrichment of molybdenum and its localization to the outermost surface of the passive film. The electronic properties of these films were studied by Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). The comparison of the Eg values measured by STS shows that the width of the band gap becomes much higher after passivation and aging in the passive state of the surface, in agreement with the enrichment of Cr3+, demonstrated by our ToF-SIMS and XPS measurements. The nanostructural modifications induced by passivation in acidic medium of the Fe-17Cr-14.5Ni-2.3Mo(100) surface covered by a native oxide film were studied by Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) ex situ and in situ, and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). An observed effect of Mo is to promote the nanostructural homogeneity of the passivated surface. Another effect of Mo could be to form an amorphous outer layer
Kaboré, Madi. "Enjeux de la simulation pour l'étude des performances énergétiques des bâtiments en Afrique sub-saharienne." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAA001/document.
Full textIn sub-Saharan African countries, the energy context, the high urban growth, inadequate construction techniques and climate offer great potential for bio-climatic approach and sustainable construction particularly on the energy level. However, this potential and the use of passive cooling techniques are weakly explored. To do so, it requires a good knowledge of building’s behaviour and their adaptation to the climatic context. As part of our contribution to this issue, a study on the thermal behaviour of buildings is initiated by numerical simulation. Indeed the building’s energy performance simulation tools are becoming more essential in the building’s design processes and analysis. Investigations are conducted on a building built with typical materials in Burkina Faso by following two main approaches. In the first approach a model of the building is faced with measurements from field experiments on the building. A calibration methodology based on the sensitivity analysis and optimization has been applied for the comparison of results. This helped to calibrate the model and diagnostic studies are performed.In the second approach, investigations on methods which can help to improve the building performance are realized through the application building performance simulation as a design aid tool. Interoperability and optimization techniques are used to deal with passive cooling techniques and their impacts on the building thermal behaviour are assessed. Finally in this work analysis techniques and performance criteria are used to characterize and make recommendations on building designs for the tropical climate context
Druet, Tom. "Tomographie passive par ondes guidées pour des applications de contrôle santé intégré." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0032/document.
Full textThis manuscript presents a baseline-free quantitative method for the imaging of corrosion flaws present in thin plates. This method only requires an embedded guided waves sensors network in a fully passive way. The field ofapplications are Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of critical structures with heavy constrains on both sensors intrusiveness and diagnostic reliability. A promising solution allowing to increase the number of measurement points without increasing the intrusiveness of the system is provided by the Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs). However, unlike piezoelectric transducers generally used in SHM, the FBGs cannot emit elastic waves. The idea consists in using passive methods in order to retrieve the Green function from elastic diffuse fields - naturally present in structures - measured simultaneously between two sensors. In this manuscript, two passive methods are studied: the ambient noise correlation and the passive inverse filter. It is shown that the latter gives better results when coupled with tomography. Several tomography algorithms are assessed with numerical simulations and then applied to active and passive datasets measured by a PZT network. In order to make passive tomography robust, a time of flight identification method is proposed, based on a time-frequency representation. Finally, a novel experimental demonstration of passive measurements with FBGs only is presented, suggesting high potential for FBGs passive tomography
Garcia, Nil. "Optimization Methods for Active and Passive Localization." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14192/1/garcia.pdf.
Full textSalla, Lilian Fenalti. "FUMO PASSIVO: DAS CONCEPÇÕES DOS ALUNOS À UTILIZAÇÃO DE UMA FERRAMENTA PEDAGÓGICA SOBRE O TEMA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3518.
Full textO presente estudo, de caráter qualitativo, teve como tema central o fumo passivo pela perspectiva da Educação em Ciências. Buscando gerar subsídios que colaborassem para o estabelecimento de estratégias pedagógicas promotoras tanto de uma aprendizagem significativa como de uma alfabetização científica em relação ao tema, o estudo teve como objetivos: investigar as concepções dos alunos de ensino fundamental (6º ao 9º ano) sobre o fumo passivo; avaliar a abordagem do tema nos livros didáticos de Ciências utilizados no ensino fundamental; elaborar uma ferramenta pedagógica lúdico-interativa contemplando os efeitos do fumo passivo sobre o sistema biológico; avaliar o impacto da ferramenta pedagógica sobre as concepções dos alunos após a interação destes com a mesma. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta dos dados foram o questionário semiestruturado e a observação participante. Para a aproximação da realidade foi utilizada a teoria das Concepções Prévias e para a interpretação dos dados foram utilizadas a Análise de Conteúdo e a Estatística Descritiva. Os resultados obtidos no estudo, de uma forma geral, demonstraram que: as concepções dos alunos de ensino fundamental acerca do fumo passivo são escassas e superficiais; as concepções dos alunos variaram do não entendimento sobre o que é fumo passivo até a compreensões condizentes, embora incompletas, com o conceito científico do mesmo. Ainda, as concepções mostraram-se fortemente associadas ao universo das drogas, da doença e da morte; a abordagem do tema nos livros didáticos de Ciências mostrou-se reduzida, fragmentada e descontextualizada; a ferramenta pedagógica Pulmão e sua Turma , elaborada no estudo, mostrou-se útil na compreensão acerca do fumo passivo e seus efeitos sobre o sistema biológico, uma vez que foram observadas evoluções nas concepções dos alunos após a interação com a mesma. Observou-se, também, o estabelecimento de uma postura crítica dos alunos em relação ao fumo passivo após a interação com a ferramenta pedagógica. Apesar dos resultados obtidos não poderem ser generalizados eles são reveladores tanto da escassez de conhecimentos formais sobre o fumo passivo entre os alunos de ensino fundamental quanto do descaso com o tema no âmbito escolar. A ferramenta pedagógica elaborada, embora necessite de reparos, foi capaz de motivar os alunos a refletirem de forma crítica sobre o tema, esboçando assim, uma alfabetização científica em relação ao mesmo. Considerando-se os aspectos inferidos neste estudo, espera-se que ele contribua para a elaboração de propostas político-pedagógicas que contemplem, não só o fumo passivo, que é a terceira maior causa de morte evitável e removível no mundo, mas também outros temas relativos à qualidade de vida e à saúde, fomentando, assim, a alfabetização científica através da Educação em Ciências.
Spingler, Gregory. "Caractérisation des matériaux pour la sécurité passive secondaire." Valenciennes, 2001. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/8fb852de-7479-47a0-b58b-1cf3b024a41a.
Full textThe study deals with mechanical properties of polymers used in trim panel, door panel and dashboard manufacture. The first part discusses the biomechanical regulations that must be reached during the crash tests. A research about padding characterization, such as foams or honeycombs, leads to a procedure which allow to design the structure more easily. The second part sums up the laws used to simulate the behaviour of polymers. Thus, material tests are needed to feed numerical simulation and an optimisation method is used to find the parameters that reproduce correctly the behaviour of polymers. With the proposed methodology, we obtain the parameters of G'Sell's law on a large range of strain (until 2 for dart simulation) and strain rate (1s-1 to 500s-1) with the explicit formulation code PAMCRASHTM. Then, the last part deals with the observed differences of behaviour between tensile and dart tests, and presents a coupling between temperature sense and anisotropic into the model
Evain, Sébastien. "Télédétection passive de la fluorescence des couverts végétaux." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112294.
Full textUnder natural conditions of light, the weak amount of fluorescence emitted by a plant is difficult to measure because of the reflected light which blurred the signal. However, in the absorption bands of the solar spectrum where the incident light is attenuated by the components of the solar and terrestrial atmospheres, the Chl F can be quantified. This technique, called "Fraunhofer lines principle" compares the depth of an absorption band in the solar irradiance to the depth of the absorption band in the radiance of the target. During this thesis, we developed several instruments applying this principle to atmospheric oxygen A and B bands respectively centered at 760 and 687 nm. Thanks to these sensors, we followed, for distances going up to 15 m, the variations of fluorescence induced by light variations on various space and temporal scales and determined the importance of the mechanisms of regulation of the excess of energy absorbed by the plants. Moreover, we detected physiological modifications induced by an herbicide or in the presence of a water stress. To increase the measurement distance, we have developed a new model, OBADE, based on the absorption of the molecular oxygen, which calculates the depth of the oxygen bands measured by our instruments according to the configuration of the experiment. Compared with measurements on the ground, OBADE showed an excellent capacity to simulate the diurnal variations depth of the oxygen band at 760 nm. In complement of these works, we showed that the variations of the index of reflectance PRI (physiological reflectance index) were related to the mechanisms of thermal dissipation of the excess of energy absorbed by the vegetation and could be applied to the detection of the water stress in gravepine
Oyarbide-Usabiaga, Estanislao. "Commande passive des structures de l'électronique de puissance." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0097.
Full textThis work deals with the passivity based control and with its adaptive version for control of power electronics devices. First, after some theoretical discussions, power electronics converter's spécial properties are issued from gênerai Euler-Lagrange models. One of thèse properties allows a straightforward passivity based control implementation. Next, several converters which take into account a large family of applications are selected and the passivity based control is then tested. For this, several tuning models, from averaged model to generalised averaged one, are used. Finally, some practical results concerning the Static Reactive Power Compensator (STATCOM) control are showed. This way, passivity based control's real implementation rurns to be possible
Horvai, Peter. "Advection passive par des champs de vitesse stochastiques." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPXX0003.
Full textZanella, Anita. "Structural properties of clumpy galaxies and spheroids at high redshift." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC314/document.
Full textThis thesis explores the still unanswered question of how distant galaxies evolve through cosmic time: on one side it focuses on star-forming clumpy galaxies, on the other it investigates the size evolution of passive compact ones. Despite star forming clumps have been observed in high-redshift irregular galaxies since a while, their nature and fate are still highly debated. Violent gravitational disk instability in gas-rich, turbulent galaxies has been proposed as the main cause for in-situ clumps formation, although a fraction of them might have an ex-situ origin. Furthermore, clumps contribution to galaxy evolution is highly debated: it is not clear yet if they are long-lived or if stellar feedback rapidly disrupts them. From both the in-depth study of an extremely young clump that we discovered in the disk of a galaxy at redshift z ~ 2, and the analysis of a full statistical sample, I concluded that at least some clumps form in-situ due to violent disk instability and that they typically live ~ 500 Myr. This supports numerical simulations indicating that clumps are longlived and could play an important role in bulge growth. This might stabilize the disk, quench star formation and have therefore a link with the formation of the compact and passive galaxies that have been observed at high redshift. They have significant smaller sizes, at fixed stellar mass, than local counterparts. This discovery has ignited an important debate concerning the possible mechanisms that could inflate the galaxy sizes without altering much their mass. I analyzed a sample of 32 galaxies and I concluded that multiple minor mergers could be the main drivers of their observed time evolution
Fauvelle, Vincent. "Evaluation de la contamination en pesticides des tributaires du Bassin d’Arcachon et développement d’un échantillonneur passif spécifique des herbicides anioniques." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14715/document.
Full textFrom the early 2000s, the Arcachon Bay suffers from environmental crises that have led to the decline of the Zostera spp. meadows, and to the episodic mortality of oysters spats. Therefore, the toxic pressure (including pesticides) has been questioned, and several environmental monitoring programs have been established since 2005. This new monitoring program consisted to expand the range of monitored compounds (including acidic herbicides), to use POCIS (Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler) for the passive sampling of polar compounds, and to monitor continuously the main Arcachon Bay tributaries for nearly two years. Because of the inadequacy of POCIS (and other devices currently available), a monthly grab sampling strategy has been implemented for the monitoring of acidic herbicides. The highlighting of the predominance of the acidic metabolites of chloroacetanilides in the Arcachon Bay tributaries has been a major advance in the characterization of the toxic pressure, and pointed out, otherwise, the needs for a specific passive sampling tool for these contaminants. Therefore, several passive samplers have been developed, based on existing devices (POCIS and Diffusive Gradient in Thin-film). The integrative behaviour of the samplers has been first optimized by adapting the geometry (exposure surface area, and amount of receiving phase), or by changing the nature of the receiving phase. Then, the quantitative behaviour has been improved by adapting the PRC (performance and reference compound) approach, or using a diffusive gel
Seidi, Jaime Reis Simões. "Doenças dos vitelos de leite - fatores de risco." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/17702.
Full textVogel, Petra Maria. "Das unpersönliche Passiv eine funktionale Untersuchung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Deutschen und seiner historischen Entwicklung." Berlin New York de Gruyter, 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2672564&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textMarsiglia, Tania. "Violência e tolerância na escola: perspectivas das produções acadêmicas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/10477.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The focus of this study is to identify how violence in schools has been studied scientifically and how the studies have reported their results as they relate to violence within school walls. The objective is to see if violence is tolerated and if so, whether or not this tolerance has been a point of focus for researchers. To achieve this goal, this study is divided into two parts. The first part presents a survey of 441 works found in the thesis database of CAPES, using the abstracts to identify education institutions and the respective programs in which the studies were produced, the related areas of knowledge, the level of post-graduate study, and the lead researcher. In the second part, 35 studies about violence were selected at random from the former group. A detailed reading of these works permitted a characterization of how the theoretical references were used as well as how concepts are applied to violence as well as to the tolerance of violence. In the effort to place violence in a modern context, this study was based on the work of authors such as Kant (1989), Marx (1988), Arendt (2004), Locke (1973), Voltaire (1993), Wolff (1970) and Moore Jr. (1970). With respect to the proposed analysis, the basis for the conceptual discussion was the Critical Theory of Society, in particular the studies of Adorno (1995; 1996), Horkheimer & Adorno (1985) and Marcuse (1970). Marcuse (1970) contributed with the concept of passive tolerance in which the individual reacts to violence with apathy and indifference. The results showed that 26 of these analyses relate violence to social passiveness, and eight studies develop a more profound debate on the subject
Esta pesquisa visa a identificar como a violência na escola tem sido estudada cientificamente e como tais estudos têm reportado suas análises com relação à violência intramuros. O objetivo é compreender se a violência na escola tem sido tolerada e se tal tolerância tem sido alvo de preocupação dos pesquisadores. Para tal feito, este estudo se subdivide em dois momentos: no primeiro, são analisadas, de forma mais geral, as 441 produções encontradas no Banco de Teses da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), por meio de seus resumos, procurando identificar as instituições de ensino e os programas em que foram produzidas, as áreas de conhecimento relacionadas, o nível de Pós-graduação e a distribuição das produções por orientador. No segundo momento, são analisadas 35 pesquisas sobre a violência na escola, selecionadas do levantamento anterior, por meio de sorteio, nas quais a leitura integral dos textos possibilitou caracterizar o uso de seus referenciais teóricos e análises conceituais sobre a violência e a tolerância à violência. Procurando situar a violência no contexto da Idade Moderna, procurou-se apoio em autores como Kant (1989), Marx (1988), Arendt (2004), Locke (1973), Voltaire (1993), Wolff (1970) e Moore Jr. (1970). No que concerne à análise pretendida, a Teoria Crítica da Sociedade, em particular os trabalhos de Adorno (1995; 1996), Horkheimer e Adorno (1985) e Marcuse (1970) foram as referências teóricas que nortearam a pesquisa, fornecendo suporte para a discussão conceitual. Marcuse (1970) contribuiu com o conceito de tolerância passiva, pelo qual o indivíduo assiste à violência ao seu redor de forma apática e indiferente. Os resultados das análises mostraram que 26 pesquisas relacionaram a violência à passividade social, sendo que em oito estudos essa questão foi debatida com profundidade
Devillers, Delphine. "Fiabilisation de la quantification des éléments traces cationiques et anioniques par la technique d'échantillonnage DGT en milieu aquatique naturel." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0058/document.
Full textThe passive sampling DGT technique (Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films) has a lot of benefits (time-weighted average concentrations, low limits of quantification) and would therefore be a useful tool for monitoring studies to quantify trace elements in natural water. However, there are still some limitations and grey areas that put the brakes on the development of the method for regulatory applications. The aim of this work is to identify potential biases and contribute to increase the method reliability. This study shows that a minimized uncertainty on results can be obtained only if elution factors are experimentally determined; however, standard values of 0.8 for Cr(III) and 0.85 for Al(III), Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) are suggested to reduce manipulations while keeping reasonable uncertainty (<10%). Studying the influence of fouling developed on DGT devices showed that the sorption of cations Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) had, respectively, a slight, moderate and strong impact on their accumulation in DGT samplers and therefore on their quantification. Samplers should then be deployed for less than one week. In contrast, fouling had a negligible impact on oxyanions As(V), Cr(VI), Sb(V) and Se(VI). Finally, a method was developed to simultaneously quantify both Cr oxidation states naturally occurring in natural waters, which are Cr(III), essential to life, and Cr(VI), toxic. Both forms are accumulated in a single DGT sampler before being selectively separated during an elution step. This method is robust for wide ranges of ionic strengths and sulfate concentrations but for a narrower range of pH (4 to 6)
Gaucher, Damien. "Étude des potentialités de la tomographie acoustique océanique passive." Brest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BRES2001.
Full textPassive ocean acoustic tomography consists in estimating acoustic properties of the ocean medium from the inversion of the sound pressure generated by opportunity sources present in the channel. Passive tomography is studied by the condition number of the inverse problem calculated by the performances of the estimate parameters and the optimization of the degrees of freedom of the experimental configuration. The developed tools are applied in shallow water medium modelled by constant sound speed water column on a sedimentary base and demonstrate that judicious choice of the experimental configuration (taken into account of the spatial structure and of the selection of the acoustic rays used in the inversion) can make up for the losses of a priori information caused by the ignorance of the position of the source and the emitted signal which constitute the difficulties of the passive tomography
Surchamp, Alexia. "Emissions potentielles de polluants organiques persistants à partir du milieu urbain et par les activités de traitement des déchets : impact sur la qualité de l'air au voisinage des sources." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066010.
Full textThe objective was to characterize the indirect emissions of SVOCs (PCB, HCB, PeCB, PAHs, phthalates and PBDE) on potentially contaminated environments by their uses (underground railway zones, traffic roads) and waste treatment sites (wastewater treatment plants, elimination, vehicle destruction sites). Measuring networks including "large volume" active air samplers, passive samplers and environmental bio-accumulators have been used to acquire data in the vicinity of potential sources. The results reveal an ubiquity of all the measured compounds in the air, where their presence in the gas phase prevails. The air contamination of the study sites shows a common ranking (phthalates> PAHs> HCB> PeCB> PCBs> PBDEs), where air contamination in summer is more important, confirming the relative importance of diffuse emissions by passive volatilization The results from passive sensors demonstrate the value of this complementary tool for the realization of large spatio-temporal scale study. The interpretation of environmental state from air, soil, atmospheric deposition and plant bio-accumulators analyzes indicates that the contamination remains mostly equivalent to urban area.. The results reveal that diffuse emissions of non-halogenated SVOCs (phthalates and PAHs) by passive volatilization, represent an environmental and health challenge where that could exceed those of past POPs (PCBs, PBDE, ...)
Baby, Guillaume. "Mouvements verticaux des marges passives d’Afrique australe depuis 130 Ma, étude couplée : stratigraphie de bassin : analyse des formes du relief." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S009/document.
Full textThe South African (Kalahari) Plateau is the world's largest non-orogenic plateau. It forms a large-scale topographic anomaly (×1000 km) which rises from sea level to > 1000 m. Most mechanisms proposed to explain its elevation gain imply mantle processes. The age of the uplift and the different steps of relief growth are still debated. On one hand, a Late Cretaceous uplift is supported both by thermochronological studies and sedimentary flux quantifications. On the other hand, geomorphological studies suggest a Late Cenozoic uplift scenario (<30 Ma). However few attentions were paid to the evolution of the overall geomorphic system, from the upstream erosional system to the downstream depositional system. This study is based on two different approaches : onshore, on the mapping and chronology of all the macroforms (weathering surfaces and associated alterites, pediments and pediplains, incised rivers, wave-cut platforms) dated by intersection with the few preserved sediments and the volcanics (mainly kimberlites pipes) ; offshore, on a more classical dataset of seismic lines and petroleum wells, coupled with biostratigraphic revaluations (characterization and dating of vertical movements of the margins - sediment volume measurement). The main result of this study is that the South African Plateau is an old Upper Cretaceous relief (90-70 Ma) reactivated during Oligocene (30-15 Ma) times. Its evolution can be summarized as follows : 100-70 Ma (Cenomanian to Campanian): low elevation plateau (0-500 m) with older and higher reliefs located along the Indian side, acting as a main divide between the Atlantic and the Indian Oceans. First uplift occurred in the east at ~92 Ma, with a fast flexuration of the Indian margins. This initiates a paroxysm of the erosion (90-80 Ma) with the growth of a large delta along the Atlantic margin (Orange delta). Deformation migrated progressively westward and resulted on the growth of the Atlantic marginal bulge between 81 and 70 Ma. Most of the present-day relief was probably created at this time. This is supported by the decrease of the sedimentary flux which suggests a reorganisation of the interior drainage pattern ; 70-30 Ma (Uppermost Cretaceous-Paleogene): most of the relief is fossilized and weathered - relative tectonic quiescence ; 0-15 Ma (Oligocene-Early Miocene): second period of the South African Plateau uplift. Most of the deformation took place along the Indian side of the Plateau (strike flexure) feeding the Zambezi, Limpopo and Tugela deltas ; since at least Middle Miocene times, all those reliefs have been fossilized, with very low erosion rates (x1m/Ma), in response to the major aridification of southern Africa
Larose, Eric. "Diffusion multiple des ondes sismiques et expériences analogiques en ultrasons." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10100.
Full textThis thesis manuscript is devoted to the study of the seismic and ultrasonic wave propagation in complex media. Two methods are proposed to take advantage of the phase information contained in diffuse waves. 1) Weak localization of seismic waves is observed on a volcano (Auvergne). This field experiment demonstrates the presence of multiple scattering in coda waves, and allows the direct measurement of the transport mean free path of the sub-surface that quantifies the heterogeneities. 2) A passive imaging technique is also proposed : it is based on the correlation of diffuse field or noise, a correlation that yield the elastic or acoustic Green function between passive sensors as if one of them was a source. Initially applied to ultrasonic cavities, this technique is generalized to open scattering media. A physical interpretation based on a Time-Reversal analogyis proposed. The time symmetry of the correlations is studied, with means of numerical simulations, seismic experiment in Alaska, and ultrasonic experiment in the lab using a small medium ana logo us to the Earth's crust. The role of scattering and source position is emphasized. The passive imaging technique is used to perform the tomography of a layered medium, to image of interfaces and localized reflectors. Ln the end this technique is applied to Lunar seismic noise records, acquiered by four geophones emplaced on the Moon during Apollo 17 mission (1972). This last observation demonstrates the feasibility of correlating the noise to image the subsurface on other planets than the Earth which should provide a novel avenue for future extraterrestrial exploration missions
Park, Byeong-Heum. "Recherche sur le rôle des constructions adverbiales dans la voix passive en français moderne." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUEL192.
Full textThis thesis on the role of adverbial constructions in the passive voice in modern french is didided into two parts. In the first part, we found it relevant to determine the notion and the field of the voice, according to various grammarians, and we tried to give a definition of the voice. Then, we analyzed the passive voice according to several grammatical theories and we put forward the various related problems. We also observed some subtler nuances expressed by the passive form, the use of prepositions and some turns in the passive mode. In the second part, we defined and classified the adverbs with a special concern for those used in this study, quantity, intensity and assertion adverbs. We noticed the function of these adverbs with three types of sentences : first passive with an agent, then passive without an agent, and eventually reduced sentences, each time there were action and psychological verbs. It clearly appears that the adverbial constructions play an important part in the passivation, namely at the semantic and pragmatic level
Krocker, Carsten. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de plastification autour d'une barre d'ancrage scellée dans le rocher." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785863.
Full textDaoud, Marwa. "Etude Expérimentale et Modélisation par la méthode des éléments discrets de l’amortissement dans les matériaux granulaires." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC063/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyze the process of energy dissipation in particle dampersExperimental, analytical and numerical studies have been conducted in order to identify key parameters influencing the dissipation; minimal experimental model was introduced first to highlight the efficiency of granular media as shock absorbers of vibrations. A second more sophisticated experimental model was developed, with multiple experimental protocols, to conduct a parametric study and detect their impact on the evolution of the system loss factor. It is shown that the loss coefficient is independent of the particle material or their number, but depends strongly on the total mass of embedded grains and on the amplitude of the vibrating signal. Our measurements also show the contribution of viscous flow of the air surrounding the grains to the overall loss factor.The analytical part in turn led to the discovery The behaviour obtained experimentally by the development of the equations of motion of the system, that of kinetic energy dissipated and energy to finally offer a mistress equation which describes the evolution of the loss factor reduced within our system. To achieve greater accuracy, a model of the granular system by the discrete element method (DEM) allowed to find the same conclusions and thus validate the experimental findings and the proposed analytical model
Ibrahim, Imtiaz. "Etude de l’applicabilité des échantillonneurs passifs POCIS et Chemcatcher pour le suivi des pesticides en milieux aquatiques." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EMSE0692/document.
Full textNowadays, pesticides are recognized as having adverse effects on the environment and human health. Monitoring the level of pesticides pollution in aquatic ecosystems involves the establishment of a sampling strategy based on a water spot sampling, followed by a stage of processing and analysis of samples. Furthermore, the concentration of these pollutants can fluctuate over time and therefore a low sampling frequency does not give a representative picture of the real level of pollution and cannot describe faithfully the changing of the quality of the water bodies.Thus, this work focuses on an alternative sampling method based on the use of passive samplers to monitor the level of contamination of surface and groundwater by pesticides. Two types of passive samplers, the polar Chemcatcher and the POCIS (Polar Organic Chemical Intégrative Sampler) were studied in order to compare the effectiveness of these tools for the diagnosis and the monitoring of aquatic pollution by polar pesticides.The first step of the study consists the validation of these two passive samplers, which is based on the laboratory and in-situ calibration of POCIS and polar Chemcatcher, to allow their use as tools for quantitative analysis for the assessment of the average concentration of pesticides in water bodies. The second part of the work is more focused on the applicability of these passive samplers for the study of the spatial distribution of pesticides, the identification of pollution sources and the assessment of pollutants transfer (surface water/groundwater)
Meksaouine, Mohammed. "Etude expérimentale et théorique de la poussée passive sur pieux rigides." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0018.
Full textThe determination of passive pressure forces is a problem in soils with piles «duc d'Albes» and walls of limited width. The problem is three dimensional. This dissertation consists of the following : - the results of a series of experiments with a reduced model comprised of a under passive pressure. We undertook a study of the influence of the principal geometrical and mechanical parameters such as pile dimensions, shape and soil density, on the mobilised passive pressure. We also considered development of the outline of the failure prism at the soil surface ; -a theoretica1 ana1ysis of three dimensional passive pressure based on a kinetic approach of the limit analysis theory yielded six analytical models giving upper limit values. - after comparing the theoretical and experimental study, as well as the comparison of the analytical models, two models were chosen. The simplest of the two doted with a limited domain of validity
Parment, Frédéric. "Guides d’onde Intégrés au Substrat (SIW) multicouches à haute performance pour des circuits millimétriques à faible coût." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT077/document.
Full textThe substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology, introduced in the early 2000s, has presently trigged a huge interest from academia to industry with the focus on the design and development of low-loss, compact, integrated, self-packaged and low-cost microwave and millimeter-wave circuits, antennas and systems. However, the classical metallic waveguide technology, which offers better performances such as lower insertion loss and higher power handling, has still been used in the design of microwave and millimeter-wave systems, despite its higher cost and bulky structure. To offer a highly integrated, further loss-reduced, low-cost alternative to the conventional waveguide and also to allow a wide-spread use of the millimeter-wave spectrum, this thesis research introduces a new SIW structure called Air-Filled SIW (AFSIW). This new structure has been theoretically and experimentally studied in details with a substantial amount of results. At millimeter wave frequencies, compared to the SIW topologies, the proposed AFSIW scheme exhibits a substantially lower insertion loss (three times, for example) and a much higher average power handling capability (four times, for example). Numerous AFSIW passive components have been investigated designed and demonstrated, which take advantages of the well-established multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication process. Couplers, phase shifters, power dividers, antennas and filters have been modeled, designed, prototyped and measured based on the introduced technology. Their performances have theoretically and experimentally been compared with their SIW counterparts to demonstrate and validate the benefits of the proposed technology