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Parameswaran, Luckshman. "The effects of passive joint movement on human ankle stretch reflex dynamics /." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27248.
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The role of the monosynaptic stretch reflex in the realm of human motor activity has been controversial for many years. A non-linear parallel-cascade system identification technique was recently developed to non-invasively elucidate the ankle reflex dynamics. Identification of these dynamics requires the application of stochastic signals to the ankle joint. The stretch reflex is known to be highly modulated and attenuated during on-going cyclical movements and passively applied perturbations. The aim of this study was to investigate these effects.The stretch reflex gain was found to decrease progressively as the average velocity of the applied movement increased. The velocity-mediated effects were a function of the amplitude distribution characteristics, rather than the spectral properties, of the applied motion. The experiments confirmed that although the stretch reflex response is large enough to be important its effects will depend on the functional context.
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Parameswaran, Luckshman. "The effects of passive joint movement on human ankle stretch reflex dynamics." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29621.pdf.
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Jewell, Derryn T. "The importance of active versus passive body movement cues in infant search." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ45495.pdf.
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Alyousif, Zakaria A. "Passive Leg Movement and NO-Mediated Vascular Function: The Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1588950252417327.
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Elliott, Brynne Lea. "The relationship between single leg standing balance and threshold to passive movement detection at the ankle joint." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13800.
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The control of human standing balance is established through the integration of vestibular, visual and somatosensory input within the central nervous system (Horak & MacPherson, 1996). Proprioception, together with other sensory feedback systems (i.e., vestibular and visual), contribute to body awareness and equilibrium (Gauchard et al., 2001; Hegeman, 2005; Westlake, 2007). However, there are mixed views as to the exact role that proprioception might play in controlling standing balance, with some researchers arguing that balance training can cause improvements in proprioception (Ribot et al., 1986; Clark et al.,1993; Ashton-Miller et al., 2001; Verhagen et al., 2004). Thirty healthy participants were exposed to thirty threshold to passive movement (TPM) trials (15 inversion and 15 eversion), and six single leg standing trials. Threshold to Passive Movement TPM responses were measured at 0.25 degrees/second in the inversion and eversion direction in thirty participants. Pre and Post to the TPM measures, participants underwent three single leg standing trials on a force plate, with the aim of investigating the relationship between single leg standing balance and ankle proprioception in the inversion and eversion directions. The methodologies chosen for this experiment resulted in a failure to reject the null hypothesis, thus requiring further investigations to begin to fully understand the relationship between proprioception and standing balance.
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Ozturk, Sevki. "Distribution Of Bending Moments In Laterally Loaded Passive Pile Groups A Model Study." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610378/index.pdf.
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In this study, bending moment distributions developed in laterally loaded passive pile and passive pile groups in cohesionless soil were investigated in laboratory conditions through model pile experiments. Different from the active pile loading, the lateral load was given directly to the piles using a movable large direct shear box. In these experiments strain gauges fastened to the piles and a computer based data reading system were used. The strain values were measured at five levels on the piles. The behavior of a single pile and a pile group having five piles were investigated through strain measurements in order to observe bending moment distribution on the piles.
After evaluating the test results, the behavior of passive single pile was found to be similar to the results obtained in early studies. Negative bending moments were observed at the specified depths above the shear plane and positive bending moments were measured at the level of the shear plane and below the shear plane. Maximum bending moments were obtained at 0.7L (L: Length of Pile) for single piles and piles in the group. Above the shear plane, maximum bending moments within the pile
group were found to be developed on the piles nearest to the loading. On the shear plane maximum bending moments were developed on the piles farthest from the loading just like active piles. Below the shear plane, maximum bending moments were developed mainly on the piles nearest to the loading.
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Adamatti, Daniela Santini. "Contribuições da incorporação de movimentação à modelagem ecológica da distribuição espacial de grupos funcionais de peixes em lago raso subtropical." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/147043.
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A distribuição espacial dos peixes em ecossistemas aquáticos é dependente de diversos fatores físicos, químicos e biológicos. Os peixes jovens e adultos podem direcionar seu movimento seguindo condições favoráveis no que concerne às condições ambientais e de biomassa de presas e predadores. Dentro desse contexto, o presente trabalho visou analisar as contribuições da incorporação da movimentação à modelagem ecológica baseada em processos, quando estimada a distribuição espacial da biomassa de grupos funcionais de peixes em lago raso subtropical. O movimento é representado através do efeito combinado entre os movimentos passivo, em função da hidrodinâmica da lagoa, e comportamental, baseado na capacidade dos peixes de buscar ambiente mais adequado. A cada intervalo de tempo, a velocidade e a direção da corrente, calculadas no módulo hidrodinâmico do modelo IPH-ECO, são utilizadas juntamente com a velocidade e direção obtidos para o movimento comportamental de cada grupo funcional de peixes, para atualizar a biomassa íctica. O movimento comportamental é determinado através da utilização de um índice de adequabilidade do habitat (HSI), considerando as respostas funcionais a fatores tais como biomassa de presas, biomassa de predadores, luz, temperatura e oxigênio dissolvido. O modelo sem a rotina de movimentação dos peixes resultou na estimativa de biomassas homogêneas de todos os grupos funcionais ao longo da lagoa. Com a incorporação da movimentação observaram-se diferenças significativas na dinâmicas das biomassas dos grupos funcionais de peixes tanto entre regiões geográficas quando entre regiões biológicas da lagoa. As biomassas de omnívoros e planctívoros adultos apresentaram forte relação com as biomassas de alimento, em especial com os zoobentos. A biomassa de piscívoros, além da biomassa de alimento, teve dependência de fatores físicos, tais como o coeficiente de atenuação da luz e temperatura. O modelo com movimentação beneficia o modelo ecológico ao representar a possibilidade dos peixes de escolher o habitat, no entanto, adiciona complexidade em função da inserção de parâmetros relacionados às respostas funcionais e aos pesos de cada resposta na formação do índice. Os movimentos comportamental e passivo podem ter importâncias relativas diferentes na definição da movimentação das biomassas dos grupos funcionais de peixes. O equacionamento e os parâmetros existentes no módulo de peixes no modelo IPH-ECO podem não estar representando de forma suficientemente adequada as comunidades de peixes de ecossistemas subtropicais.The spatial distribution of fish in aquatic ecosystems is dependent on various physical, chemical and biological factors. Unlike early life stages, young and adult fish can direct their movement following favorable environmental and biomass of prey and predators conditions. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of fish movement incorporation in a process-based ecological modeling, when estimating the spatial distribution of fish functional groups biomass in a subtropical shallow lake. Fish movement is represented by the combined effect of passive movement, due to lake hydrodynamics, and behavioral movement, based on the ability of fish to seek more suitable environments. At each time step, the flow speed and direction estimated on IPH-ECO’s hydrodynamic module are used along with the speed and direction estimated for behavioral movement to update each fish’s functional group biomass position. The behavioral movement is determined using a habitat suitability index (HSI) considering the functional responses to factors such as prey and predator biomass, light, temperature and dissolved oxygen. Process-based modeling, without fish movement, resulted in homogeneous biomass estimatives along the lake when analizing all functional groups. Significant differences in fish biomass between geographical regions as well as between biological regions were observed when movement was incorporated. There is a strong relationship between adult omnivorous and planktivorous distribution and food biomass. Besides food biomass, piscivorous distribution did show dependence on physical factors such as the extinction coefficient of light and temperature. The opportunity of moving improves fish dynamics representation. Nonetheless, movement adds complexity to ecological modeling since there is the inclusion of parameters related to functional responses and the need of defining each ones weight when calculating the index. Behavioral and passive movements may have distinct relative importance to the biomass movement definition. Existing equations and parameters used to describe fish processes in the model might not be representing properly fish communities from subtropical ecosystems.
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Bergh, Alison. "The effect of passive thoracic flexion-rotation movement on the total static compliance of the respiratory system and respiratory responses in ventilated patients." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/408.
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Hanson, Brady Edward. "The Relationship Between Vascular Endothelial Function andPeak Exercise Blood Flow." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7527.
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Purpose The vascular endothelium is an influential contributor to vasodilation at rest, yet its role during peak exercise is relatively unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine if exercise leg blood flow during dynamic submaximal and maximal exercise is related to resting vascular endothelial function. Methods Nineteen subjects (aged 23 ± 0.57 yr) completed multiple assessments of vascular endothelial function including passive leg movement (PLM), rapid onset vasodilation, (ROV) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Peak muscle blood flow was assessed during single leg knee extension (KE) exercise. Doppler ultrasound of the femoral artery was utilized to assess muscle blood flow. Results Peak exercise blood flow was linearly related with microvascular endothelial function determined by PLM (P < 0.001) and ROV (P < 0.001). Normalizing muscle blood flow for quadriceps mass did not change this significant association. Individuals with high vascular endothelial function had greater muscle blood flow during KE compared to those with low endothelial function (P = 0.05). Post hoc analysis indicated a significant difference in blood flow between high and low endothelial function groups at 20 W, 30 W, and peak flow (P = 0.042, 0.048, 0.001, respectively). Conclusion Peak muscle blood flow during dynamic exercise is correlated with vascular endothelial function, as measured by PLM and ROV, accounting for between 30 to 50% of the variance in this relationship. These data support the hypothesis that endothelial function significantly contributes to the peak blood flow response during dynamic exercise.
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Eriksson, Adam, and Hugo Uppling. "Applying Human-scale Understanding to Sensor-based Data : Generating Passive Feedback to Understand Urban Space Use." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik och byggd miljö, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447118.
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The aim of this thesis is to investigate how parametrization of large-scale person movement data can contribute to describing the use of urban space. Given anonymous coordinate and timestamp data from a sensor observing an open-air mall, movement-based parameters are selected according to public life studies, behavioral mapping, and space syntax tools. The thesis aim is operationalized by answering how well the parametrizations perform in capturing urban space use, as well as investigating how the use is described when applying the parameterized data in selected urban space use tools. Also, the parameterized data are evaluated as time series to investigate possible further understanding of urban space use. The parametrization performance is evaluated by accuracy and F1-score and time series forecasts are evaluated by root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The results indicate a parametrization accuracy of 93% or higher, while a high yet fluctuating F1 -score indicates that the parameterizations might be sensitive to imbalanced data, and that accuracy alone might not be sufficient when evaluating urban data. The parameterized data applied in the selected urban space use tools highlights the granularity achieved from sensor-based data. In the time series analysis, a Facebook Prophet forecast model is implemented, with an MAE of 8.6% and RMSE of 11.7%, outperforming a seasonal naïve forecast implementation with an MAE of 14.1% and RMSE of 18.8%. The thesis finds that time series modelling adds to understanding patterns and changes of use over time and that the approach could be developed further in future studies. In answering how the urban space is used, the thesis develops a new methodology. This methodology combines human-scale understanding of urban space use with large-scale data, generating citizen passive feedback.Vikten av att förstå hur en plats, eller ett stadsrum, faktiskt används härstammar ur det faktum att användningen ofta avviker från vad som var planerat. Genom en utökad förståelse för användningen av en plats går det exempelvis att anpassa platsens utformning efter faktisk användning. För att uppnå denna djupare förståelse finns flera olika tillvägagångssätt. Ett sätt är att använda de analoga teorier och verktyg som under lång tid har utvecklats av arkitekter och stadsplanerare, med avsikt att förstå sig på människors beteenden i olika stadsrum. Dessa urbana analysverktyg innefattar exempelvis ramverk för att kartlägga människors aktivitet. Ett annat sätt är att analysera stora datamängder för att utvinna generella rörelsemönster eller detaljerade trender. I denna uppsats presenteras en metod som kombinerar dessa två tillvägagångssätt i syfte att väva in de analoga teoriernas mänskliga utgångspunkt med de möjligheter som uppstår vid analys av stora datamängder. Genom att utveckla algoritmer kan rörelse-baserad information utvinnas, eller parametriseras, ur data från människors rörelse. Metoden innebär i kontexten av denna studie således en parametrisering av rörelse-data från en sensor uppsatt på shoppinggatan Kompassen i Göteborg. Urvalet av parametriseringar har baserats på de urbana analysverktygen. Detta sammanfattas i studiens övergripande syfte: att undersöka hur parametrisering av storskalig rörelsedata kan bidra till att förklara användningen av stadsrum. För att uppnå detta syfte besvaras tre frågeställningar. Först utvärderas hur väl det parametriserade rörelsedatat kan fånga upp användningen av stadsrum. Sedan undersöks hur användningen gestaltas genom att det parametriserade datat appliceras i utvalda urbana analysverktyg. Till sist analyseras datat som tidsserier i syfte att undersöka hur en förståelse över tid kan öka förståelsen för användningen av stadsrum. Genom att utgå från rörelsedata utvanns personers hastighet, startpunkt, och destination. Vidare parametriserades klasserna butiksinteraktion, grupptillhörighet, och stillastående i enlighet med de urbana analysverktygen. Vid utvärdering av dessa tre klasser visar studiens resultat att användningen av stadsrummet fångas upp till hög grad och uppnår åtminstone 93% i precision. Dock visar resultaten även att träffsäkerheten minskar ju mer obalanserat datat är. Detta innebär att ju lägre frekvent en klass är i datat desto svårare är den att fånga upp. När det parametriserade datat används i de urbana analysverktygen, visar resultaten att det utvunna datat bidrar med en högre upplösning som kan bana väg för ny förståelse för hur stadsrum används. Den högre upplösningen möjliggör även för tidsserieanalys av det parametriserade datat. Resultaten pekar på en mer detaljerad förståelse för trender och användningen av stadsrummet över tid. Till exempel implementeras verktyget Facebook Prophet som i detta fall prognostiserar andelen med grupptillhörighet. För en prognos på två veckor uppnås ett genomsnittligt absolutfel på 8.6%, vilket anses vara ett träffsäkert resultat. På så sätt medför möjligheten att prognostisera användning och identifiera avvikelser från trender ett ytterligare bidrag till förståelsen för hur platsen används. Tidsserieanalysen uppvisar stor potential och tolkningar från såväl tidsserierna som prognosmodeller har utrymme att vidareutvecklas. I framtida studier bör även algoritmer för fler aktivitetsbaserade parametrar, till exempel sittande eller samtalande, utvecklas. Uppsatsens fokus kretsar kring att skapa förståelse för hur ett stadsrum används och lämnar således frågan varför åt framtida studier, där resultat från denna studie kan fungera som viktigt underlag. Studiens metod tillför ett mänskligt perspektiv till stora datamängder och bidrar på så sätt till ett bredare underlag för hur stadsrum används. Med utgångspunkt i urbana analysverktyg har insamlad sensordata parametriserats till viktiga rörelse-baserade klasser. Detta underlag motsvarar en passiv återkoppling från användarna av stadsrummet som därigenom förklarar hur en plats faktiskt används.
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Friant, Yola. "Influence de la réduction de mobilité active et passive de la chaîne posturale. : influence sur la capacité posturo-cinétique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA113005.
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L’objectif de ce travail est de déterminer l’influence des réductions de mobilité ostéo-articulaire passive et active sur la capacité posturo-cinétique. La réduction de mobilité passive est analysée à travers un mouvement d’élévation des membres supérieurs à vitesse maximale au cours duquel seront mesurés des indices électromyographiques (Tibial antérieur, Soléaire) et biomécaniques (plateforme de force, accéléromètre). La réduction de mobilité active est étudiée à partir d’un examen posturographique combiné à un mouvement de compression d’une barre dynamométrique et à l’enregistrement de la cinématique respiratoire. L’analyse de la composante passive révèle que, dès 50% de perte de mobilité au niveau de la région cervicale, la capacité posturo-cinétique (CPC) est perturbée. Le blocage passif des articulations des chevilles et du rachis cervical semble davantage réduire la CPC que celui des genoux ou du rachis lombaire. L’étude de la composante active montre que l'augmentation de la tension musculaire active le long du tronc est susceptible de perturber l'équilibre postural, mais uniquement lorsqu'elle dépasse un certain niveau. Ainsi les deux composantes, passive et active, de la mobilité ostéo-articulaire, paraissent chacune jouer un rôle dans la capacité à compenser les perturbations associées au maintien postural ou à l’exécution du mouvementThe aim of this study was to determine the influence of passive and active components of osteoarticular mobility on the capacity posturo-kinetic. The passive component was analyzed through a paradigm of upper limb elevation at maximum velocity, during which electromyographic (Tibialis anterior, soleus) and biomechanical (force platform, accelerometer) parameters were measured. The active component was studied from an experimental paradigm associating a posturaphic examination with a bimanual compression of a dynamometric bar. Results analysis showed that the posturo-kinetic capacity (PKC) was reduced when the loss of mobility exceeded 50% at the neck level. Passively blocking the ankle joints and the cervical spine seemed more likely to reduce the PKC than blocking the knee or the lumbar spine. The study of the active component showed that the increase in active muscle tension along the trunk may impair body balance, but only when it exceeds a certain level. Thus the two components, passive and active, of the osteoarticular mobility, appeared as significant factors in the ability to compensate for the disturbances associated with postural maintenance or movement execution
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Black, Ross Arthur Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Compensatory strategies in humans performing active and passive gaze fixation and re-fixation tasks after unilateral vestibular deafferentation." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43541.
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The human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) stabilizes gaze during head movement. The reflex is typically tested in a clinic or laboratory using passive rotations or artificial stimuli which measure the amount of damage the vestibular apparatus has suffered. However, during everyday activities the vestibular system is stimulated by active, self generated head movements. Head movements are often rapid and associated with the goal of achieving either gaze-fixation or re-fixation. Patients who complain of on-going symptoms will typically identify a particular position or movement that aggravates their symptoms in their everyday life. There is a need to identify objective parameters which correlate with the subjective complaints of patients whose symptoms persist after vestibular damage. In the first study, a gaze-refixation task, patients who complain of ongoing symptoms (poorly-compensated), during rapid head turns, after unilateral vestibular de-afferentation (uVD) were compared with those who did not have the same complaints (well-compensated) and normal subjects. Well- and poorly-compensated groups were sorted according to responses on a standardized questionnaire. All subjects were then located in a real-world, non-laboratory environment in which poorly-compensated subjects reported experiencing symptoms. Each subjects head, eye and gaze displacement and velocity, head rotation frequency and blink or eye-lid closure were measured and analysed and compared between ipsi- and contra-lesional head rotations within and between subject groups. When subjects are able to generate their own active head rotations it has been suggested that a number of vestibular and extra-vestibular strategies might be employed to compensate for an impaired VOR. In subsequent studies, high resolution scleral search coils were used to identify the compensatory mechanisms used during active head rotations during a gaze-fixation task. A corrective saccade is typically observed during passive ipsilesional head rotations or impulses and might be potentiated during rapid, active or self-generated head rotations. The conditions which predict or contribute to the generation of the rapid, corrective eye movement were investigated. The results were compared with responses to passive head impulses of matched velocity and acceleration to determine if active head impulses could be used to identify a lesioned vestibular apparatus as is routinely clinically achieved with passive head impulses.
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Collins, Angela Barker. "An examination of the diet and movement patterns of the atlantic cownose ray rhinoptera bonasuswithin a southwest florida estuary." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001232.
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Hatch, Shaylyn K. "Behavior of Migratory Tree Bats in the Western Basin of Lake Erie Using Telemetry and Stable Isotope Analysis." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1449157127.
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Ternifi, Redouane. "Mesure de la pulsatilité naturelle du tissu cérébral par ultrasons." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR3306/document.
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Actuellement, l’étude du mouvement des tissus biologiques figure parmi les thématiques majeures dans le domaine de l’imagerie médicale, dont le challenge est d’apporter un complément d’information clinique et de permettre une aide au diagnostic. L’application récente de techniques d’élastographie ouvre de nouvelles perspectives de caractérisation biomécanique des tissus, et notamment du cerveau. Dans ce contexte, nous proposons une méthodologie innovante d’élastographie passive des propriétés mécaniques du tissu cérébral dont le but est de permettre à terme le diagnostic des maladies neurodégénérativesThe study of biological tissues movement is currently, one of the major thematics in the medical imaging field. The challenge is to provide additional clinical information and allow for diagnostic assistance. The recently introduced elastographic techniques, provide ample opportunities for biomechanical tissues characterization, particularly of cerebral tissues. An innovative passive-elastographic methodology for assessing mechanical properties of brain tissue is proposed. The eventual aim is to allow for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases
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Clayton, Sarah Elisabeth. "Tracking, analysis and measurement of pedestrian trajectories." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2016. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/452997.
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Pedestrian movement is unconstrained. For this reason it is not amenable to mathematical modelling in the same way as road trac. Individual pedestrians are notoriously difficult to monitor at a microscopic level. This has led to a lack of primary data that can be used to develop reliable models. Although video surveillance is cheap to install and operate, video data is extremely expensive to process for this purpose. An alternative approach is to use passive infrared detectors that are able to track individuals unobtrusively. This thesis describesthe use of a low cost infrared sensor for use in tracking pedestrians. The sensor itself, manufactured by a British company, is designed to count people crossing an arbitrary datum line. However, with the development of additional software, the functionality of these sensors can be extended beyond their original design specication. This allows the trajectories of individual pedestrians to be tracked. Although the field of view of each sensor is relatively small (44 m), five were deployed in a busy indoor corridor, covering most of its length. In this research, the technical challenges involved in using the sensors in this way are addressed. Statistics derived from the data collected are then compared to other studies at this scale.
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Hudoba, Michelle Jane. "Three-dimensional eye and head movements evoked by passive rotation of cats." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0021/MQ56183.pdf.
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Montierth, Jacob R. "Elliptical rolling link toggle mechanisms for passive force closures with self-adjustment /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2032.pdf.
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Ulbrich, Jakub. "Zabezpečovací systém s komunikací přes mobilní telefon." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218016.
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This thesis deals with the question of electronic security systems. In the forepart are described electronic security system components such as keyboards, detectors, alarm devices etc. Various methods of security or de-security of properties, trespassing and other events detection methods, and ways of alarm calling are described there too. The next part of the master’s thesis focuses on the construction of an alarm system which is designed for security of a common-size flat with one entry. The system manages to control up to four movement detectors. The operation of the system is handled by a 16 button keyboard, and easy orientation is provided thanks to a liquid crystal display. The alarm is signaled by an indoor alert siren, however, other alarm announcing devices with an input matched for the log. 0 or log. 1 reception can be connected too. The system contains communication equipment (mobile phone) which signals alarm at a distance to the three telephone numbers. User can use a distance control by text message to unlock system or to determine its status. The system is controlled by the microcontroller AVR ATmega16, the product of Atmel company. A brief description of all components of the electronic alarm system is included in this work.
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Venu, Kurella. "Asymptotic analysis of first passage processes : with applications to animal movement." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/36961.
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Understanding the dependence of animal behaviour on resource distribution is a central problem in mathematical ecology. In a habitat, the distribution of food resources and their accessibility from an animal's location together with the search time involved in foraging, all govern the survival of a species. In this work, we
investigate various scenarios that affect foraging habits of animals in a landscape. The work, unlike previous studies, analyzes the first passage quantities on complex prey-predator distributions in a given domain in order to derive simple analytical problems that can readily be solved numerically. We use standard stochastic models such as the Kolmogorov equations of first passage times and splitting probability, to model both the foraging time of a predator and the chances of
survival of prey on a landscape with prey and predator patches. We obtain an asymptotic solution to these Kolmogorov equations using a hybrid asymptotic-numerical singular perturbation technique that utilizes the fact that the ratio of the size of prey patches is small in comparison to the overall landscape. Results from this hybrid approach are then verified by undertaking full numerical simulations of the governing partial differential equations of the first passage processes. By using this hybrid formulation we identify the underlying parameters that affect
the search time of a predator and splitting probability of prey, which are otherwise difficult to ascertain using only numerical tools. This
analytical understanding of how parameters influence the first passage processes is a key step in quantifying foraging behavior in model ecological systems.
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Reyes, Raquel Aurea Gesmundo. "Love, passion and patriotism : sexuality and the Philippine propaganda movement, 1882-1892." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407055.
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Arntz, Joakim. "Ownership in passive and active movements : A systematic review and meta-analysis of the moving rubber hand illusion." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20179.
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The rubber hand illusion is an experimental paradigm that induces the illusion of ownership over a fake hand. The illusion was originally induced using visuotactile stimulation but can also be induced using movements. Self-produced movements are active movements, and if they are produced by external force, they are passive movements. According to the comparator model, only active movements produce a sense of agency. As both passive and active movements can be used to induce the sense of ownership in the rubber hand illusion, but only active induce a sense of agency, they can be compared to determine the effect agency has on bodily ownership. This meta-analysis included nine studies with a total of 359 participants that compared the induced sense of ownership using active and passive movements in the rubber hand illusion to determine these effects. The results show that agency has a small but significant effect on body ownership.
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Zsurka, Mark Stefan. "Enhancement of the diffusion of a passive scalar by the introduction of a particulate phase in microfluidic channels." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
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Abolfathi, Peter Puya. "Development of an Instrumented and Powered Exoskeleton for the Rehabilitation of the Hand." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3690.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)With improvements in actuation technology and sensory systems, it is becoming increasingly feasible to create powered exoskeletal garments that can assist with the movement of human limbs. This class of robotics referred to as human-machine interfaces will one day be used for the rehabilitation of paralysed, damaged or weak upper and lower extremities. The focus of this project was the development of an exoskeletal interface for the rehabilitation of the hands. A novel sensor was designed for use in such a device. The sensor uses simple optical mechanisms centred on a spring to measure force and position simultaneously. In addition, the sensor introduces an elastic element between the actuator and its corresponding hand joint. This will allow series elastic actuation (SEA) to improve control and safely of the system. The Hand Rehabilitation Device requires multiple actuators. To stay within volume and weight constraints, it is therefore imperative to reduce the size, mass and efficiency of each actuator without losing power. A method was devised that allows small efficient actuating subunits to work together and produce a combined collective output. This work summation method was successfully implemented with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based actuators. The actuation, sensory, control system and human-machine interface concepts proposed were evaluated together using a single-joint electromechanical harness. This experimental setup was used with volunteer subjects to assess the potentials of a full-hand device to be used for therapy, assessment and function of the hand. The Rehabilitation Glove aims to bring significant new benefits for improving hand function, an important aspect of human independence. Furthermore, the developments in this project may one day be used for other parts of the body helping bring human-machine interface technology into the fields of rehabilitation and therapy.
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Snyder, Claire. "A microchemical analysis of native fish passage through Brandon Road Lock and Dam, Des Plaines River, Illinois." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2601.
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Modifications to Brandon Road Lock and Dam (BRLD), located on the Des Plaines River in northeastern Illinois, have been proposed to prevent the upstream transfer of aquatic invasive species, particularly Asian carps, into the Great Lakes Basin. These modifications, including the installation of an electric barrier, acoustic fish deterrent, and air bubble curtain, are designed to completely eliminate all upstream fish passage and may negatively impact native fish populations in the Des Plaines River by reducing upstream movement and potentially fragmenting populations. BRLD is situated just 21 km upstream of the Des Plaines River mouth, and fish are only able to pass upstream via the lock chamber. Fish species richness within the Des Plaines River watershed has increased over the last 35 years. It has been suggested that the majority of new species to the upper Des Plaines River have migrated upstream past Brandon Road Lock and Dam (BRLD), from the Illinois, Kankakee, and lower Des Plaines rivers. However, documentation of emigration needed to support that contention is lacking and there is limited knowledge of the current rate of BRLD passage by native species. To assess native fish passage through the lock, a microchemical study was conducted using fin rays from fish collected from the Des Plaines, Illinois, and Kankakee Rivers. The edge of each fin ray, which contained the most recently deposited material, was assumed to contain a microchemical signature reflective of residency in the river where the fish was sampled. Fin ray edge strontium:calcium ratio (Sr:Ca) was used to define taxonomic and river-specific signature ranges for four taxonomic groups: centrarchids, catostomids, ictalurids, and lepisosteids. Fin ray edge Sr:Ca data were input into a random forest classification model, and the classification accuracy of fish to their river of capture based on their fin ray edge Sr:Ca was > 97% in each taxonomic group. The classification model was then applied to the entire fin ray of each fish sampled upstream of Brandon Road to infer retrospective environmental history. Upstream BRLD lock passage was suggested by the presence of Sr:Ca signatures indicative of prior downstream residency in the Illinois or Kankakee rivers in a fish sampled upstream of BRLD. Results indicated some evidence of downstream residency that suggested upstream BRLD lock passage for centrarchids, catostomids, ictalurids, and lepisosteids, ranging from 15 – 37% of individuals sampled depending on taxa. An additional 19 – 80% of individuals within each taxonomic group were classified as fish with uncertain downstream residency, whereby the possibility of BLRD lock passage could not be rejected, but there was higher uncertainty in establishing downstream residency in the Illinois or Kankakee rivers. The impact of BRLD modifications and passage restriction on Des Plaines River fish populations is unknown and merits further investigation.
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Amaral, Susana Cristina Amador Dias. "Permeability of small weirs for upstream fish passage." Doctoral thesis, ISA, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21202.
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Bernardi, Marcio. "A multiplicidade de Junho de 2013: uma análise a partir dos seus relatos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20402.
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The uprising of June 2013, which had, at first moment, just small groups and social movements of the left, aimed to reverse the increase of bus and subway passes in major centers. What was a common event in big cities has suddenly become one of the biggest manifestations of the country and with a wide range of demands before the most varied social sectors. In São Paulo city, the great organizer of the uprising was the Free Pass Movement [Movimento Passe Livre], a movement that has the characteristic of being horizontal, without leadership and considered non-traditional, which, on the one hand, allowed for the expansion of both uprising and patterns, But on the other hand, it was criticized by other social movements for this spontaneous aspect. Another feature of June of 2013 was the role of the press, initially acting in opposition to the uprising, and throughout the events, however, ended up supporting the uprising, causing a certain part of the sectors of social movements to question the Real sense of manifestations and of such support. Nevertheless, the social networks maintained a prominent role by rivaling the press on the ways of telling what was happening in the uprising. Add to that all the electoral factor in which Brazil was, that is, on the eve of a presidential race, and in the city of São Paulo we had Fernando Haddad recently elected, besides being on the eve of receiving two important events: the 2014 Soccer World Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games. All these factors are on the streets of São Paulo during the uprising and this work intends to analyze the outcome of this unorthodox meeting
As manifestações de Junho de 2013, que contou, de princípio, apenas com pequenos grupos e movimentos sociais de esquerda, tinha como objetivo reverter o aumento das passagens de ônibus e metrô nos grandes centros. O que era um evento comum nas grandes cidades, de repente se tornou uma das maiores manifestações do país e com um grande leque de reivindicações diante dos mais variados setores sociais. Na cidade de São Paulo, o grande organizador das manifestações foi o Movimento Passe Livre, um movimento que tem como característica ser horizontal, sem liderança e considerado não tradicional, o que, por um lado, permitiu a ampliação tanto de manifestantes quanto de pautas, mas, por outro, acabou sendo criticado por outros movimentos sociais justamente por este aspecto espontaneísta. Outra característica de Junho de 2013 foi o papel da imprensa, portando-se, num primeiro momento, em oposição às manifestações, e ao longo dos acontecimentos, contudo, acabou apoiando as manifestações, fazendo com que certa parte dos setores de movimentos sociais questionasse o real sentido das manifestações e de tal apoio. Não obstante, as redes sociais mantiveram papel de destaque por rivalizar com a imprensa sobre as formas de contar o que estava ocorrendo nas manifestações. Some-se a isso tudo o fator eleitoral em que o Brasil se encontrava, a saber, às vésperas de uma disputa presidencial, sendo que na cidade de São Paulo tínhamos Fernando Haddad recém-eleito, além de estar às vésperas de receber dois eventos importantes: a Copa do Mundo de 2014 e as Olimpíadas de 2016. Todos esses fatores se encontram nas ruas de São Paulo durante as manifestações e este trabalho pretende analisar o resultado deste encontro tão heterodoxo
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Borelli, Jonathan. "The Impact of Social Movements: A study of Brazil's 2013 Protests." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-275714.
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In June 2013, Brazil saw a resurgence of its nation wide social movement, the size of which had not been seen for little over 20 years, since the fall of its military dictatorship. The mobilizations began by demanding a R$0.20 decrease in transportation fare costs, but soon its demands evolved into better public policy and anti-corruption measures. This paper explores the degree of success obtained by both branches of the movement, as well as what factors influenced their impact on policy making, therefore answering the question of “How successful were Brazil’s 2013 social movements, and what factors influenced such outcome?”. The study relies heavily on the media’s coverage of the events as its source of data, and uses Political Process Theory, Stages of Policy Responsiveness and Process Tracing to analyse the social movements’ impact on legislation. The results show that both branches achieved success, with transportation costs being reduced and anti-corruption policies being implemented. Such outcome can be attributed to the influence of both social movement internal organizational structures and positive public opinion, while absent of political alliances. The study hopes to entice future research regarding Brazil’s nation-wide rise in social movements, which have sprung as a result of recent corruption scandals discussed in this thesis.
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Rupprecht, Jean-Francois. "Optimisation de processus de recherche par des marcheurs aleatoires symetriques, avec biais ou actifs." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066488/document.
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Les marches aléatoires avec recherche de cible peuvent modéliser des réactions nucléaires ou la quête de nourriture par des animaux. Dans cette thèse, nous identifions des stratégies qui minimisent le temps moyen de première rencontre d’une cible (MFPT) pour plusieurs types de marches aléatoires. Premièrement, pour des marches symétriques ou avec biais, nous déterminons la distribution des temps de première sortie par une ouverture dans une paroi en forme de secteur angulaire, d’anneau ou de rectangle. Nous concluons sur la minimisation du MFPT en termes de la géométrie du confinement. Deuxièmement, pour des marches alternant entre diffusions volumique et surfacique, nous déterminons le temps moyen de première sortie par une ouverture dans la surface de confine- ment. Nous montrons qu’il existe un taux de désorption optimal qui minimise le MFPT. Nous justifions la généralité de l’optimalité par l’étude des rôles de la géométrie, de l’adsorption sur la surface et d’un biais en phase volumique. Troisièmement, pour des marches actives composées de phases balistiques entrecoupées par des réorientations aléatoires, nous obtenons l’expression du taux de réorientation qui minimise le MFPT en géométries sphériques de dimension deux ou trois. Dans un dernier chapitre, nous modélisons le mouvement de cellules eucaryotes par des marches browniennes actives. Nous expliquons pourquoi le temps de persistance évolue expo- nentiellement avec la vitesse de la cellule. Nous obtenons un diagramme des phases des types de trajectoires. Ce modèle minimal permet de quantifier l’efficacité des processus de recherche d’antigènes par des cellules immunitairesRandom search processes can model nuclear reactions or animal foraging. In this thesis, we identify optimal search strategies which minimize the mean first passage time (MFPT) to a target for various processes. First, for symmetric and biased Brownian particles, we compute the distribution of exit times through an opening within the boundary of angular sectors, annuli and rectangles. We conclude on the optimizability of the MFPT in terms of geometric parameters. Second, for walks that switch between volume and surface diffusions, we determine the mean exit time through an opening inside the bounding surface. Under analytical criteria, an optimal desorption rate minimizes the MFPT. We justify that this optimality is a general property through a study of the roles of the geometry, of the adsorption properties and of a bias in the bulk random walk. Third, for active walks composed of straight runs interrupted by reorientations in a random direction, we obtain the expression of the optimal reorientation rate which minimizes the MFPT to a centered spherical target within a spherical confinement, in two and three dimensions. In a last chapter, we model the motion of eukaryotic cells by active Brownian walks. We explain an experimental observation: the persistence time is exponentially coupled with the speed of the cell. We also obtain a phase diagram for each type of trajectories. This model is a first step to quantify the search efficiency of immune cells in terms of a minimal number of biological parameters
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Morrell, Rachel Marie. "THE PASSION OF CHRIST AND THE ANTI-VIETNAM WAR MOVEMENT AT KENT STATE UNIVERSITY: AN APPLICATION OF BURKES GUILT-REDEMPTION CYCLE." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1462801014.
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Bello, Enzo. "Teoria dialética da cidadania:política e direito na atuação dos movimentos sociais urbanos de ocupação na cidade do Rio de Janeiro." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2903.
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A cidadania é um dos principais temas da atualidade, sendo múltiplos os seus significados. Na perspectiva jurídica prepondera uma visão focada na centralidade do Estado e na titularidade de direitos. O tema-problema central desta pesquisa considera a insuficiência dessa concepção da cidadania. As hipóteses de base afirmam que tal conceito produziu um processo de alienações da cidadania e um fetichismo constitucional; por outro lado, um novo sentido para o conceito pode ser pensado na chave teórico-prática da dialética e da desalienação. A partir do método do materialismo histórico e dialético, de Marx e Engels, constrói-se uma crítica a partir da prática política e social da cidadania na América Latina, que oferece importantes contribuições materiais para se pensar uma nova compreensão desse conceito na atualidade. A interpretação dessa dinâmica é feita por meio do instrumental teórico-metodológico de Antonio Gramsci, identificando-se novos atores políticos e sociais, e diferentes relações entre Estado, sociedade civil e cidadãos. A cidade do Rio de Janeiro é estudada empiricamente, na conjuntura dos mega eventos internacionais, como espaço da prática dinâmica e ampliada da cidadania através dos movimentos sociais urbanos, que adotam a ocupação como estratégia de ação política direta e efetivação de direitos.Citizenship is one of the main themes nowadays and it has multiple meanings. In Law perspective prevails a vision focused in State centrality and in rights ownership. The main theme-problem of this research considers the insufficience of these conception of citizenship. The basis hypothesis affirm that concept produced a citizenship alienations process and a constitutional fetishism; on the other hand, a new sense can be thought to the concept in the practical-theoretical key of dialectics and emancipation. Through the method of historic and dialectic materialism by Marx and Engels, its constructed a critic from the social and political practice of citizenship in Latin America, which offers important material contributions to think a new comprehension of this concept nowadays. The interpretation of this dynamics is made through Antonio Gramscis theoretical-methodological tools, identifying new political and social actors, and different relationships between State, civil society and citizens. The city of Rio de Janeiro is empirically studied, in the context of the international sportive huge events, as space of the dynamic and enlarged practice of citizenship through the urban social movements, that adopt the occupation as strategy of direct political action and rights effectuation.
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Lubejko, Matthew V. "Evaluation of Upstream Passage and Associated Movement Patterns of Adult Bigheaded Carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and H. molitrix) at a Gated Dam on the Illinois River." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2078.
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Invasive bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (H. molitrix), hereafter, bigheaded carp, pose a major threat to the Great Lakes ecosystem as they advance toward Lake Michigan via the Illinois River. However, a series of navigation dams may deter their upstream movement. Starved Rock Lock and Dam (SRLD) is the most downstream gated dam on the Illinois River, therefore presenting the first navigation challenge for upstream migrating bigheaded carp. Before 2015, five acoustic receivers near SRLD detected successful upstream passage of only two of 900 tagged bigheaded carp. I further investigated the permeability of SRLD to bigheaded carp migration as a function of temperature, gage height, and dam operation. In 2015, I added 12 receivers around SRLD and acoustically tagged an additional 118 bigheaded carp downstream of SRLD. I also investigated the timing of bigheaded carp arriving downstream of SRLD using a generalized linear model. The explanatory variables influencing bigheaded carp arrival were average water temperature, average tailwater elevation, and the change in average water temperature. During 2015-2016, acoustic receivers recorded a total of 11 upstream passage events through SRLD, with nine through the dam gates, one through the lock chamber, and one undetermined. Passage through the dam gates occurred most frequently at high water levels when the dam gates were completely out of the water. The probability of upstream migrating bigheaded carp approaching SRLD was positively correlated with rising temperature and high gage. No upstream migrants approached SRLD between mid-September and late March. Overall, dam gates were more susceptible to upstream passage than the lock chamber, and environmental factors accurately predicted the arrival of bigheaded carp at SRLD. Modifying gate use during times of bigheaded carp arrival will likely prevent upstream passage through SRLD and other lock and dam structures.
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McIlwain, Doris J. F. "Impatient for paradise : a rites of passage model of the role of the psychological predispositions in determining differential openness to involvement in new religious movements." University of Sydney, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2546.
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Doctor of PhilosophyThis study considers the adequacy of explanatory accounts of recruitment to New Religious Movements [NRMs], defined by their doctrinal innovation or importation from another culture, and formed around a charismatic leader. It considers the coercive persuasion paradigm [brainwashing] which assumes no predisposing features of those who become involved in NRMs and a sociological account by Snow Zurcher and Ekland-Olsen (1980) which seeks to redress overly exclusive attention to psychological variables by emphasising the importance of structural variables such as the existence of 'discretionary time' and having a friend involved in the NRM. It is suggested that a psychological focus in explaining movement involvement need not entail a de-emphasis of the relevance of current life circumstances, such as social bonds, and life stress, nor a failure to acknowledge the importance of the group's ideology in lending definition to a person’s felt difficulties. A new model of personal change is proposed, termed the Rites de Passage model, which entails the disruption, transition and reincorporation of a socially sustained sense of identity and suggests conversion can be viewed as an example of re-socialisation. The historical lineage of the model is traced from Van Gennep's (1908) anthropological work to studies of brainwashing in the work of Schein (1957) and Lifton (1961). Since the emphasis is on the profile of a seeker, specific focus is placed on the early phases of this process where disruption occurs in existing coping techniques and social supports as a result of disruptive life events, and consideration is given to other relevant precursors of movement involvement. Lofland and Stark's (1965) model forms the conceptual framework from which literature regarding differences in life stress, social bonds, prior behavioural involvement in NRMs, and prior cognitive spiritual orientation can be addressed. The work of Galanter (1980, 1989), Barker (1981, 1984), Heirich (1977) and Snow and Phillips (1980) provides substantial evidence for the existence of pre-existing differences between affiliates (who make contact with such movements) and nonaffiliates (who do not). In this thesis two facets of differential involvement are addressed: i) why does one individual rather than another become involved ii) with a given genre of movement rather than another? The Rites de Passage model proposed here, which is a modified version of Lofland and Stark's (1965) account of cult conversion, is tested placing NRMs in a comparative context with a secular self-help agency: a therapy group. People with disrupted social identities might seek movement involvement, but what distinguishes whether they seek out a secular or spiritual movement, and if spiritual – what determines the appeal of eastern or western spiritual groups? To explore these questions, four groups of affiliates to three different eastern NRMs are compared to a therapy group, (Richardson and Kilbourne, 1984), two control groups (a student sample, and a sample from the general population) and a western NRM. There are 160 subjects overall, who completed a battery of questionnaires at point of first contact with the movement, to distinguish the precursors for movement involvement from the sequelae. Exceptions to this prospective data collection were the western NRM and the inclusion of a graduate rebirthing group. The latter was deliberately included to facilitate pre-involvement and post-involvement comparisons. The former's adept status was due to the leader's reluctance to burden new members with a three hour test battery. Measures were taken regarding life events and their psychological impact using Henderson, Byrne and Ducan-Jones (1981) recent life events inventory and impact scales using a twelve month time frame. A modified version of the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction (by Henderson et al, 1981) was used to assess the availability and adequacy of acquaintance-level and intimate bonds in the recent past. Mental health was assessed using Galanter's (1980) General Wellbeing Scale and Tellegen's Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (1982). Recollections of early family relations were assessed using Likert scales derived from the detailed comparative study by Ullman (1982) which suppported the psychoanalytic hypothesis regarding troubled early parental relations, suggesting that current life difficulties re-evoked early life problems. Since disruption is seen as a necessary but not sufficient condition for movement involvement (Greil, 1977) the therapy and eastern groups were not expected to differ from each on the disruption and loneliness measures, and they did not differ. They were expected to have experienced more disruption in greater isolation than the control groups and those already belonging to a spiritual group – namely the western NRM. The therapy and eastern NRM groups did differ from the others in these respects. The value-added form of the model merely specifies that a substrate of stress and disruption suffered in relative isolation and loneliness will increase the probability that some for of social agency will be sought. Disruption experienced in relative loneliness is the first component of differential recruitment to movement involvement, or ‘differential openness’ as it is termed here. So the brainwashing model does not hold as there are differences between those drawn to movements compared to control groups. Do personality differences contribute to which movement genre appeals? A strikingly different personality profile emerged of those drawn to eastern NRMs. Differences were predicted and found between the eastern groups on the one hand and therapy group, control groups and western group on the other, when personality variables were considered. Relevant features of the profile included: a lack of traditionalism, a challenging attitude to conventional authority (assessed by Ray's (1971) balanced F scale) and absorption - a tendency to experience perceptual phenomena indicative of an absorptive or mystical tendency (Tellegen's MPQ was used to assess this personality feature). The eastern groups have a personality profile of being: unconventional, somewhat impulsive and highly absorptive in perceptual style. This profile distinguished them from all other groups. When the additional feature of the model was considered the profile of a potential seeker was more strongly delineated: the consonance between an individual’s intensity and orientation of spiritual beliefs and the orientation of movement ideology was highly influential. This was assessed by a spiritual orientation scale [the SOS] developed by the author across three pilot studies using Coombs Unfolding Technique (Coombs, 1964) to produce a metric ordinal scale which assesses general spiritual beliefs (which underlie any spiritual worldview), eastern and western spiritual beliefs. A major finding of the study was that a markedly distinctive feature of those drawn to NRMs is a spiritual orientation consonant with that of the movement approached. The SOS revealed a strongly demarcated pre-existing eastern spiritual orientation in those drawn to make contact with Eastern NRMs, which set them apart significantly from all other groups. The Western NRM, (already members of their group) had a western spiritual orientation, to the exclusion of an eastern orientation, while the eastern groups were more eclectic. Both eastern and western NRMs were spiritually more intense on the general spiritual items of the SOS, suggesting these items are central to any spiritual worldview. All of the major predictions of the Rites de Passage model were supported. The model provides a welcome link between a sociological and psychological focus on movement involvement. The systematic differences between affiliates and non-affiliates of NRMs at point of first contact, suggest (contra contemporary brainwashing models, though not the sophisticated models of Schein and Lifton) that recruitment is unlikely to be completely due to NRM design: the results suggest participants are likely to be interested and consenting. In summary, it is shown that those drawn to New Religious Movements of an eastern kind are indeed non-traditional, have a high incidence of recent life events and suffer a sense of community isolation, and loneliness which are considered as factors which might lead a person to modify an unfulfilling lifestyle. A portrait of a seeker is lightly (sketched against a background of this dissatisfaction) which includes personality variables like an impulsive, present-oriented pleasure/pain regulatory style, being high on absorption -a mystical perceptual style, and having both an intensity and a congruence of spiritual orientation with that of the ideology of the movement approached. These are considered potential influences on the genre of movement contacted, and are suggested as explanatory of the second facet of differential openness to movement involvement. Disruption sets a person seeking; personality shapes to which appeals s/he is open. The relative privilege of the Western NRM in terms of reduced stress, availability of community and intimate social support suggests that involvement does provide a relief effect, though caution must be exercised in interpreting this difference as these groups differ in membership status and spiritual orientation. The distress and neediness of those contacting movements for the first time is apparent, which suggests that movement contact might be a response to felt dissatisfaction interpreted within a spiritual worldview. An eastern spiritual worldview is a highly significant distinguishing feature of affiliates, and is the final phase of the Rites de Passage Model. Speculative theoretical consideration is offered of the data's implications for a psychoanalytic consideration of movement involvement, in the light of Cushman (1986), Deutsch (1983), Halperin (1983) Doi (1971) and Kohut's (1977). Theory and research is adumbrated concerning differential openness to charismatic appeal.
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Moresca, Ricardo Cesar. ""Estudo dos efeitos dos lacebacks ativos e passivos na biomecânica da fase de nivelamento utilizando-se a técnica MBT"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23133/tde-30082006-151221/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar os efeitos dos lacebacks ativos e passivos na biomecânica da fase de nivelamento, utilizando-se a técnica MBT. A amostra foi constituída de 29 sujeitos de pesquisa (22 do gênero feminino e 7 do gênero masculino), brasileiros, leucodermas e pardos, portadores de má oclusão de Classe I e com idade média de 15 anos e 5 meses. O tratamento ortodôntico foi planejado com as extrações dos primeiros pré-molares e, durante a fase estudada, foram empregados apenas fios de aço inoxidável (0.014, 0.016, 0.018, 0.020 e 0.019 x 0.025). Os recursos de ancoragem utilizados para os arcos dentários superior e inferior foram, respectivamente, o aparelho extrabucal tipo IHG e o arco lingual fixo. De acordo com a indicação dos lacebacks, a amostra foi dividida em quatro grupos: grupo I 14 sujeitos que utilizaram lacebacks ativos no arco dentário superior; grupo II 9 sujeitos que utilizaram lacebacks passivos no arco dentário superior; grupo III 19 sujeitos que utilizaram lacebacks ativos no arco dentário inferior e grupo IV 10 sujeitos que utilizaram lacebacks passivos no arco dentário inferior. Para cada indivíduo da amostra foram tomadas duas telerradiografias laterais, uma ao início e outra ao término da fase de nivelamento, com um intervalo médio de 21 meses. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se o método cefalométrico computadorizado. Para a análise de erros, o método cefalométrico foi repetido em todos os sujeitos da amostra, pelo mesmo operador, com um intervalo mínimo de 15 dias entre as medidas. Os resultados indicaram que as variações observadas foram compatíveis com as estimativas de erros operacionais em estudos cefalométricos. Após a análise estatística e a interpretação dos resultados, verificou-se que, no grupo I, apenas a coroa do primeiro molar superior sofreu um movimento mesial e que tanto a coroa como a raiz do incisivo central superior apresentaram um movimento em direção lingual. No entanto, as inclinações destes dentes não foram alteradas. No grupo II, o primeiro molar superior se manteve estável e somente a coroa do incisivo central superior se movimentou em direção lingual, produzindo uma rotação horária deste dente. No grupo III, observou-se uma mesialização, tanto da coroa como da raiz, e extrusão do primeiro molar inferior, enquanto a posição do incisivo central inferior permaneceu inalterada. As inclinações destes dentes também não foram alteradas. No grupo IV, verificou-se que nem o primeiro molar inferior nem o incisivo central inferior apresentaram variações no sentido ântero-posterior. Verticalmente, houve extrusão apenas do primeiro molar inferior.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of active and passive lacebacks in the biomechanics of the leveling phase, using the MBT technique. The sample was composed of 29 Brazilian subjects (22 female and 7 male), Caucasian, with Class I malocclusion and mean age of 15 years and 5 months. The orthodontic treatment was planned with the extraction of the first premolars, and the leveling phase was performed with stainless steel wire only (0.014, 0.016, 0.018, 0.020 e 0.019 x 0.025). The anchorage control devices used in the upper and lower arches were, respectively, the IHG extraoral appliance and the fixed lingual arch. According to the type of laceback prescription, the sample was divided into four groups: group I 14 subjects in which active lacebacks were used in the upper arch; group II 9 subjects in which passive lacebacks were used in the upper arch; group III 19 subjects in which active lacebacks were used in the lower arch; group IV 10 subjects in which passive lacebacks were used in the lower arch. For each subject of the sample two lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken: one at the beginning and another at the end of the leveling phase, with a mean interval of 21 months. The data were collected using the resources of computerized cephalometry. To perform the analysis of errors, the cephalometric method was repeated in all subjects of the sample, by the same operator, with a minimum interval of 15 days between the measurements. The results revealed that the observed variations were compatible with the estimates of operational errors in cephalometric studies. After statistical analysis and interpretation of the results, it was observed that in group I, only the crown of the upper first molar presented a mesial movement. As to the upper central incisor, both the crown and the root presented a lingual movement. However, the inclination of these teeth was not affected. In group II, the upper first molar remained stable and only the crown of the upper central incisor moved lingually, leading to a clockwise rotation of this tooth. In group III, a mesial movement of both the crown and the root of the lower first molar was observed, along with its extrusion, whereas the position of the lower central incisor remained unchanged. The inclination of these teeth was not affected either. In group IV, it was observed that neither the lower first molar nor the lower central incisor experienced variations in the anteroposterior sense. Vertically, there only was extrusion of the lower first molar.
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Braga, Felipe de Queiroz. "O rasgar do véu: as manifestações de junho de 2013 e as contradições históricas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19352.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This thesis aims to analyze the events that occurred during the month of June 2013 in Brazil after the adjustment of the fares for public transportation in several cities. The analysis will be concentrated in the city of São Paulo, epicenter of the movement, seeking to understand how and why a subject that historically raises protests and demonstrations, the readjustment of the fare of public transport, in this particular context has managed to generate mobilizations in hundreds of cities around the country. We also seek to interpret the causes that led various social groups to the streets broadening the scope of claims and ultimately turning it into a movement both social and ideologically different from the start. Considering that this phenomenon involves issues that go beyond the guidelines related to public transportation - although they are central to understanding the movement - as its consequences are linked to the historical contradictions arising out of a underdeveloped and dependent capitalist economy, we search to interpret it from a socio-historical perspective, emphasizing our conditions of sociability. In this way, we can understand the social, economic and political ambiguities and contradictions that shape a contemporary Brazil and that became more evident as from the rending of the veil that took place in June 2013
Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar as manifestações que ocorreram durante o mês de junho de 2013 no Brasil, após o reajuste das tarifas de transporte público em diversas cidades. A análise terá como recorte espacial a cidade São Paulo, epicentro do movimento, buscando compreender como e por que uma pauta que, historicamente, suscita protestos, o reajuste do preço do transporte público, neste determinado contexto conseguiu gerar mobilizações em centenas de cidades do país. Buscaremos também interpretar as causas que conduziram diversos grupos sociais às ruas, ampliando o leque de reivindicações e tornando, em última instância, um movimento social e ideologicamente diferente do iniciado. Considerando-se que esse fenômeno abarca questões que transcendem as pautas relacionadas ao transporte público – apesar de serem centrais ao entendimento do movimento –, à medida que seus desdobramentos remetem às contradições históricas decorrentes de uma economia capitalista subdesenvolvida e dependente, buscaremos interpretá-lo a partir da perspectiva sócio-histórica, ressaltado nossas raízes de sociabilidade. Desse modo, poderemos compreender as ambiguidades e contradições sociais, econômicas e políticas que dão forma ao Brasil contemporâneo e que se tornaram mais evidentes a partir do rasgar do véu que se deu em junho de 2013
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Prado, Priscila Finger do. "DOS SENTIDOS DA PAIXÃO E DA ESPERANÇA NO ENGANO: CARTAS PORTUGUESAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9832.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThis work aims to analyze the semantic movements in Cartas portuguesas, assigned to Mariana Alcoforado. After the authorial problematic´s presentation in the book, at the introduccion, there is a study´s division in two moments. In the first, it finds to situate the book between the produccion of the baroque period, as well as to delimit aspects of its main theme (the love) and its genre (letter). In the second, it starts with a panoramic lecture of the axis semantics movement in the Cartas, to verify how its appears in each letter. With the sense´s displacement, dominated by Passion and Mistake´s axis, as well as to suggest this work´s title, it realizes a change in writing´s focus, that begins in the loved object, passes to the felling, until arrives in the writing´s recuse, to the peace´s search. With this, it notes that passion moves the writing, in this book.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os movimentos semânticos das Cartas portuguesas, atribuídas a Mariana Alcoforado. Após a apresentação da problemática autoral que perpassa a obra, ainda na introdução, tem-se a divisão do estudo em dois momentos. No primeiro, procura-se situar a obra dentre a produção do período barroco, bem como delimitar aspectos de seu tema principal (o amor) e do gênero em que é escrita (epístola). No segundo, parte-se de uma leitura panorâmica do movimento dos eixos semânticos das Cartas, para verificar como eles aparecem em cada carta. Pelo deslocamento dos sentidos, dominados pelos eixos da Paixão e do Engano, tal como sugere o título deste trabalho, percebe-se uma mudança no foco da escrita, que começa no objeto amado, passa para o sentimento, até chegar na recusa da escrita pela busca da paz. Com isso, nota-se que a paixão funciona como o motivo propulsor da escrita, na obra.
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Hedenberg, Filippa. "Rörelsemönster hos spansk skogssnigel (Arion vulgaris) i trädgårds- och skogsmiljö." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71824.
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The Spanish slug (Arion vulgaris) is one of the most problematic invasive species in Europe and a serious pest species in agriculture and gardens, and it can have negative effects on native slug species. In this study, we used passively intergraded transponder (PIT) telemetry to determine the movement behavior of 57 Spanish slugs during autumn in two different habitats: a private garden and a deciduous forest, located in Karlstad municipality, Sweden. The slugs generally moved within relatively small areas. There was a difference between the movements between the two habitats, with slugs moving longer distances per day (2.0 m day‑1) and over larger areas in the forest than in the garden (1.1 m day-1). Local control measures are therefore potentially effective in gardens and in agricultural landscapes, since the Spanish slug there concentrate within patches of habitat. To develop control methods to mitigate the impact of this problematic slug, we need more basic ecological knowledge, and this study provides such knowledge.Den spanska skogssnigeln (Arion vulgaris) är en av Europas mest problematiska invasiva arter och ett allvarligt skadedjur för jordbruk och trädgårdar. Den kan också ha negativa effekter på inhemska snigelarter. I den här studien använde vi telemetri baserat på passivt integrerade transpondrar (PIT) för att bestämma rörelsemönstret hos 57 spanska skogssniglar under hösten i två olika habitat: en villaträdgård och en lövskog, i Karlstads kommun, Sverige. Sniglarna rörde sig inom små områden. Det var en skillnad mellan rörelserna i de två habitaten, sniglarna förflyttade sig längre distanser per dag (2,0 m dag-1) och över större områden i skogen än i trädgården (1,1 m day-1). Lokala kontrollåtgärder är därför potentiellt effektiva i trädgårdar och jordbrukslandskap, då den spanska skogssnigeln där koncentrerar sig inom fläckar av habitat. För att utveckla kontrollmetoder för att minska påverkan av den här problematiska snigeln, så behöver vi mer grundläggande ekologisk kunskap, och den här studien förser oss med sådan kunskap.
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Testud, Guillaume. "Étude de la perméabilité de la LGV Bretagne – Pays de la Loire (BPL) aux déplacements des amphibiens." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP043.
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La construction de nouvelles Infrastructures Linéaires de Transports ILTs (routes, autoroutes, voies ferrées) amène une destruction d’habitats et peut constituer des zones de risques (mortalité) et/ou restreindre les déplacements des espèces dans les habitats environnants. Les amphibiens sont fortement touchés par ces effets. Les réalisations récentes nécessitent de mettre en œuvre des mesures de réduction d’impact visant à améliorer la transparence écologique de ces infrastructures à l’aide de la séquence « Éviter-Réduire-Compenser (ERC) ». Lors de la construction d’une nouvelle Ligne à Grande Vitesse « la LGV Bretagne – Pays de la Loire » dans l’ouest de la France inaugurée en 2017, des mesures relevant de la séquence ERC ont été mises en place. Cette thèse vise à évaluer les mesures de la séquence ERC qui permettraient aux communautés d’amphibiens de réaliser les mouvements nécessaires au bon fonctionnement des populations (migration saisonnière et dispersion). Elle a été réalisée dans le cadre de l’observatoire environnemental de la LGV (contrat CIFRE EPHE-EGIS en partenariat avec EIFFAGE). La thèse repose sur deux approches : (1) des suivis de déplacements par Capture-Marquage-Recapture effectués dans cinq secteurs incluant des mesures de réduction (installation de tunnel sous la LGV) et de compensation (création de nouvelles mares) pour trois espèces de tritons (Triton marbré Triturus marmoratus, Triton crêté Triturus cristatus et Triton alpestre Ichthyosaura alpestris). Les recaptures des animaux marqués individuellement révèlent des échanges entre des mares situées de part et d’autre de la LGV (fréquentation des tunnels) ainsi que la colonisation des nouveaux sites de reproduction. (2) Des expériences de « homing » pour étudier le comportement de franchissement des tunnels ; des antennes RFID placées dans trois tunnels (1 x1 m) et de longueur variable (de 18,5 à 40 m) ont permis de détecter les mouvements des individus marqués avec des PIT-tags (Crapaud épineux Bufo spinosus, I. alpestris, T. marmoratus, T. cristatus, grenouilles vertes du système Pelophylax lessonae - P. kl. esculentus), Grenouille agile Rana dalmatina et Salamandre tachetée Salamandra salamandra). Une grande variabilité interindividuelle et spécifique des mouvements est observée, qui varie en fonction de la longueur des tunnels. L’enrichissement sonore (émission de chants d’amphibiens anoures dans le tunnel) améliore les mouvements des Pelophylax et des T. cristatus (taux et vitesse de franchissement, distances parcourues). La thèse montre la nécessité d’un effort important (effectif d’animaux marqués) pour mettre en évidence la présence d’échanges (rares) entre sites de reproduction, et l’utilisation des tunnels et des mares comme mesures d’atténuation. La mise au point d’une méthode d’évaluation des mouvements dans les tunnels (puce RFID et antennes fixes) permettra de tester différents facteurs (longueurs, substrats, etc.) pour améliorer leur utilisation et leur efficacité. L’enrichissement sonore apparaît comme une méthode prometteuse pour accompagner la mise en œuvre de passages à petite fauneConstruction of new Linear Transport Infrastructure LTI (roads, motorways, railways) leads to habitat destruction and may constitute areas of risk (mortality) and/or restrict the movement of species in surrounding habitats. Amphibians are strongly affected by these effects. Recent projects have implemented impact mitigation measures to improve the ecological transparency of these structures using the sequence “Avoid Reduce Compensate (ARC)”. During the construction of a new High Speed Railway “Bretagne–Pays de la Loire HSR” in North-West France inaugurated in 2017, measures under the ARC sequence have been implemented. This thesis aims to evaluate measures of the ARC sequence that would allow amphibian communities to carry out the movements needed for population functioning (seasonal migration and dispersal). It was carried out as part of the HSR environmental observatory (CIFRE EPHE-EGIS contract in partnership with EIFFAGE). The thesis is based on two approaches: (1) monitoring of movements by Capture-Marking-Recapture conducted in five areas including reduction measures (installation of a tunnel under the high-speed line) and compensation measures (creation of new ponds) for three newt species (marbled newt Triturus marmoratus, great crested newt Triturus cristatus and alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris). The recaptures of individually marked animals reveal exchanges between ponds located on either side of the high-speed line (use of tunnels) and colonisation of new breeding sites. (2) Homing experiments to study tunnel crossing behaviour. RFID antennas placed in three tunnels (1x1m) and of variable length (from 18.5 to 40 m) made it possible to detect the movements of individuals tagged with PIT-tags (spiny toad Bufo spinosus, I. alpestris, T. marmoratus, T. cristatus, water frogs of the Pelophylax lessonae - P. kl. esculentus system), agile frog Rana dalmatina and fire salamander Salamandra salamandra). A great inter-individual and specific variability of movements is observed, and varies according to the length of the tunnels. Acoustic enrichment (Broadcasting of amphibian calls in the tunnel) improves the movements (rate and speed crossing, distances travelled) of Pelophylax and T. cristatus. The thesis shows the need for a significant effort (number of marked animals) to show the presence of (rare) exchanges between breeding sites, and the use of tunnels and ponds as mitigation measures. The development of a method for evaluating movements in tunnels (RFID marks and antennas) will make it possible to test different factors (lengths, substrates, etc.) to improve their use and effectiveness. Acoustic enrichment appears to be a promising method to complement the implementation of small wildlife passages
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Filho, MÃrio Helder de Sousa Alves. "Movimento passe livre nas manifestaÃÃes de junho de 2013 : a representaÃÃo social no jornal Folha de S. Paulo." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16645.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorO presente trabalho tem como foco a relaÃÃo entre mÃdia convencional e movimentos sociais no Ãmbito das manifestaÃÃes de junho de 2013. Mais especificamente, ele objetiva identificar a representaÃÃo social (MOSCOVICI, 2003) do Movimento Passe Livre (MPL) no jornal Folha de S. Paulo. O corpus do trabalho sÃo matÃrias publicadas no mÃs de junho de 2013, as quais totalizam 20 textos, 19 publicados no caderno Cotidiano e 1 publicado no caderno Poder. A metodologia baseia-se na anÃlise de conteÃdo (BARDIN, 2002) e revisÃo bibliogrÃfica. A pesquisa se debruÃa inicialmente sobre aos primÃrdios da organizaÃÃo de movimentos sociais no paÃs, para, em seguida, abordar o processo de redemocratizaÃÃo do Brasil pÃs Ditadura Militar, alÃm de discorrer sobre o MPL, desde a tentativa de implementaÃÃo da tarifa zero na cidade de SÃo Paulo na gestÃo da entÃo prefeita Luiza Erundina (1989/1992) atà os protestos de junho de 2013, apresentando tambÃm uma discussÃo sobre a categoria de movimentos sociais (GOHN, 1997; SHERER-WARREN, 1993). Em um segundo momento aborda-se o jornal Folha de S. Paulo quanto a sua histÃria, em especial a sua atuaÃÃo na Ditadura Militar, Diretas-jà e Fora Collor, alÃm de uma anÃlise sobre editoriais do jornal publicados em junho de 2013, artigos da coluna de Ombudsman e o documentÃrio produzido pela Folha, intitulado Junho. Por fim, serà apresentada uma discussÃo teÃrica sobre a categoria de representaÃÃes sociais, a anÃlise das matÃrias, com foco na relaÃÃo entre esses dois pontos, alÃm de uma entrevista com uma militante do MPL e a relaÃÃo da sua fala com o teor das matÃrias. Ficou evidente, neste trabalho, que a Folha cria representaÃÃes negativas do MPL, configurando, dessa forma, uma tentativa de deslegitimar o movimento.
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Dumont, Agathe. "Pour une exploration du geste virtuose en danse, passage XXe-XXIe siècles. Danseurs, "breakers", acrobates au travail." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030165.
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Cette thèse de doctorat en arts du spectacle propose une approche des pratiques, des discours et des représentations autour de la notion de virtuosité en danse. Elle explore des formes en mutation sur la scène chorégraphique et interdisciplinaire contemporaine en s’intéressant à l’incorporation d’un geste virtuose chez plusieurs performers, au passage entre le vingtième et le vingt-et-unième siècle. Observant les transferts d’une discipline ou d’un art à l’autre, ce travail s’est construit à partir d’un corpus de douze interprètes danseurs, breakeurs et acrobates. La première approche choisie a été de les interroger sur leurs parcours, leurs habitudes de travail, leur perception du geste virtuose, puis d’observer les représentations auxquelles ils participent. L’analyse ainsi proposée se construit à partir un corpus d’œuvres (danse contemporaine, cirque contemporain, hip hop) et d’entretiens présentés en annexe de ce travail. La virtuosité est donc envisagée du point de vue de l’interprète, considérée dans un système complexe et présent comme une forme d’indiscipline. A partir de certains constats et grâce à des méthodologies propres à l’analyse du mouvement et à l’analyse esthétique, cette recherche propose une exploration du geste virtuose à l’aune de certaines migrations disciplinaires et s’interroge sur la présence et l’importance de nouvelles formes de virtuosité sur la scène contemporaine, tentant d’en redéfinir les termes et les pratiquesThis doctoral thesis in performing arts offers an approach to practice, discourse and representations around the notion of virtuosity in dancing. It looks into forms currently mutating on today’s choreographic and interdisciplinary stage, focusing on the way various performers incorporate virtuosic movement into their interpretation, at the juncture between the 20th and the 21st centuries. Observing the transfers taking place between disciplines, this research is built on a corpus of twelve performers: dancers, breakers and acrobats. The first stage of the approach was to make them describe the path they had followed, their working habits, their perception of a virtuosic move, and to make observations about the shows they take part in. This analysis is based on a corpus of productions (contemporary dance, contemporary circus, breakdance) and interviews presented in the appendix. Virtuosity is thus investigated from the point of view of the performer, considered inside a complex system and presented as a form of indiscipline. Based on a number of observations and methodologies specific to movement analysis and aesthetic analysis, this research proposes an exploration of the virtuosic movement with respect to certain transdisciplinary migrations and examines the questions of the presence and significance of new forms of virtuosity on the contemporary stage, in an attempt to redefine its terms and practices
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Spina, Paulo Roberto [UNIFESP]. "O Movimento Passe Livre São Paulo: da sua formação aos protestos de 2013." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/41262.
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A dissertação analisa, com base na teoria do confronto político, o Movimento Passe Livre São Paulo (MPL São Paulo) em duas perspectivas. A primeira focaliza a formação do movimento a partir do estudo de trajetórias de ativistas em suas conexões com espaços de mobilização global e local. A segunda perspectiva analisa a mobilização e as interações do MPL São Paulo nos protestos de junho de 2013. Dois problemas analíticos orientaram a investigação: o do processo de aprendizado de performances e o de dilemas estratégicos de movimentos iniciadores em ciclos de protesto. O argumento do trabalho é o de que a análise dos protestos organizados pelo MPL São Paulo em 2013 requer a compreensão de dois processos sócio políticos de aprendizado de performances com temporalidades distintas. Um, de mais longa duração está relacionado à formação do MPL nacional, na conexão entre os repertórios autonomista e socialista. O outro, de mais curta duração, está relacionado à seleção de táticas de confronto frente a diferentes dilemas estratégicos emergentes nas três fases do ciclo de protesto. Na fase antecedente dilemas sobre como interpretar as oportunidades políticas e ameaças, na fase de mobilização dilemas sobre como expandir a participação de novos atores nos protestos e modificar a relação de tempo e espera com os detentores do poder e na fase de difusão como interagir com a entrada de novos atores e novas reinvindicações nos protestos. Em ambos os processos, o de longa e o de curta duração, ativistas do MPL São Paulo adaptaram e inovaram os repertórios historicamente disponíveis.
This master’s thesis analyzes São Paulo’s Movimento Passe Livre (São Paulo MPL) from two perspectives based on Contentious Politics Theory. The first perspective focuses on the formation of the movement through the study of activists’ trajectories in their connections with larger global and local movements. The second perspective analyzes the movement and MPL São Paulo’s interactions during the June 2013 protests. Two analytical problems guided the research: their performance-learning process and the initiators movements’ strategic protest cycle dilemmas. This master’s thesis argues that the analysis of the protests organized by MPL São Paulo in 2013 requires an understanding of two socio-political performance-learning processes with different time frames. The first and long-term process is the formation of the national MPL, the connection between autonomist and socialist repertoires. The other, a short-term process, is the selection of confrontational tactics in the face of different emerging strategic dilemmas during the three phases of the protest cycle. For the first phase, this paper analyzes dilemmas about how to interpret political opportunities and threats; for the mobilization phase, this paper analyzes dilemmas on how to expand the participation of new actors in the protests and modify the relationship of time and waiting with those in power; and for the dissemination phase, this paper analyzes the interaction with the entry of new actors and new demands during the protests. In both cases, the long-term and the short-term, MPL São Paulo’s activists adapted and innovated using historically available repertoires
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La, Follette Tavia. "Sites of Passage: Art as Action in Egypt and the US-- Creating an Autoethnography Through Performance Writing, Revolution, and Social Practice." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1365450771.
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Biesse, Cindy. "Les Justes parmi les Nations de la région Rhône-Alpes : étude prosopographique." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30046.
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Quelle population hétérogène que celle des Justes parmi les nations de Rhône-Alpes, et, par cette caractéristique même, peu saisissable ! S’ils ne sauraient, à eux seuls, représenter la totalité des situations de sauvetage, les Justes éclairent, par le simple fait qu’ils existent, un pan de la résistance civile sous l’Occupation. Ces hommes, ces femmes, appartiennent à une région originale, comme prédestinée à l’accueil. La diversité de ses paysages en fait le terrain d’expérimentation de toutes les formes de tourisme. Pays pratiquant, Rhône-Alpes est également le terreau d’expériences religieuses nouvelles et le berceau de la démocratie chrétienne. Région carrefour, ouverte, son pouvoir d’attraction se renforce sous l’Occupation, avec l’arrivée de flux nombreux d’exilés, de juifs notamment, qui s’efforcent d’y reprendre une vie « normale ». Les rafles de l’été 1942 font, soudainement, de l’aide dispensée aux réfugiés traqués une question de survie. Des hommes, des femmes, mus par des valeurs communes, encouragés par les ecclésiastiques qui les entourent, se mobilisent. Naissent ainsi de véritables chaînes de solidarité, transformant des bourgs ou des villages en territoires refuges, des individus anonymes en héros « ordinaires »What a heterogeneous population that the Righteous among the nations of Rhône-Alpes and, by this way, little comprehensible! If they don’t embody all the situations of the rescue, the Righteous enlighten, only because they do exist, a piece of the civilian Resistance under the Occupation. These people belong to an unusual region, as fated for the welcome. Its various landscapes led to the experiment of all the types of tourism. This practicing country is also the ground of new religious experiences and the cradle of the Christian democracy. The appeal of this crossroads strengthens under the Occupation with the arrival of exiles, Jews in particular, who try to take back their former life. The raids of the summer 1942 make suddenly the help to the pursued people a question of survival. Moved by common values, encouraged by the clerics who surround them, people mobilize. Thus real networks of support arise, transforming villages into sanctuaries, common people into heroes
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Altar, Sylvie. "Etre juif à Lyon de l'avant-guerre à la libération." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2095.
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Le cadre global des persécutions juives en France, les mécanismes de la Shoah sont largement connus. Sur 330 000 Juifs qui vivaient France en 1940, 80 000 ont été victimes des persécutions d’État et des déportations. En deçà de cette histoire nationale, André Kaspi s’étonne en 1991 que des centres aussi importants que Lyon, Toulouse, Grenoble n’aient pas fait l’objet d’étude attentive et scientifique (Les Juifs pendant l’Occupation, Édition du Seuil, 1991, 150 p.). Les travaux locaux ont comblé ce manque depuis. Mais le déroulement sur le terrain au quotidien, au « ras des individus », mérite encore de faire l’objet de nouvelles investigations, sans perdre de vue la diversité des situations que l’on soit de part et d’autre de la ligne de démarcation. Lyon, en zone libre jusqu’en novembre 1942, n’est pas à considérer comme Paris occupée dès juin 1940. Dans cette étude nous n’avons eu de cesse de nous interroger sur ce qui fait les spécificités de Lyon. Globalement le sort des Juifs dans la capitale des Gaules a été proche de leurs coreligionnaires de la zone sud. Toutefois, écrire l’histoire des Juifs à Lyon de l’avant-guerre à la Libération, revient à s’intéresser à des itinéraires de vie et de survie dans une ville dont certaines caractéristiques lui sont propres. L’histoire des Juifs à Lyon de l’avant-guerre à la Libération, en plus de parler de la Shoah dans la cité rhodanienne, cherche à raconter les ondes de choc d’une Europe en guerre sur les individus pour comprendre ce qui leur arrive. C’est en étant plus attentifs au tissu de la vie quotidienne, dans sa diversité individuelle que nous nous proposons dans cette étude de restituer la dimension humaine d’un monde qui a été au bord du gouffreThe global framework of the Jew's persecutions in France as well as the mechanisms of the Shoah are widely known. 80 000 Jews out of the 330 000 who were living in France in 1940 have been the victims of state persecutions and deportations. On this side of this national history, Andre Kaspi was surprised in 1991 at seeing that cities as populated as Lyon, Toulouse or Grenoble had not been given an active and scientific consideration (Les Juifs pendant l'Occupation, Édition du seuil, 1991, 150 p.). Local research have since then enabled to address this lack. However, the daily course of operations, as close as possible to each individual, still deserves to be submitted to new investigations, without losing sight of the diversity of situations on both sides of the line of demarcation. The city of Lyon, which was within the unoccupied zone until November 1942, is not to be compared with the city of Paris which had been occupied from June 1940.In this essay, we kept wondering about the causes related to the specificities of the city of Lyon. On the whole, the fate of the Jews in the capital of the Gauls was almost the same as for their co-religionists in the south zone. Nevertheless, writing about the history of the Jews in Lyon from the pre-war years to the Liberation comes down to taking an interest in different journeys though life and survival within a city which has its own features.Besides tackling the Shoah in the Rhone city of Lyon, the history of the Jews in Lyon from the pre-war years to the Liberation, also aims at telling about the shock waves experienced by individuals in a Europe in war and perceiving what was happening to them. By paying more attention to the fabric of daily life seen in its individual diversity, we thereby intend to reconstruct the human dimension of a world which was once on the brink of the abyss
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Blight, Ralph Charles. "Head movement, passive, and antipassive in English." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1480.
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Blight, Ralph Charles Green Lisa J. "Head movement, passive, and antipassive in English." 2004. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/1480/blightr09910.pdf.
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Huang, Chih-Hsu, and 黃志旭. "Influence of Passive Movement of the Thumb on μ Wave." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43854984917115150389.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
機械工程學系
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μ wave is the spontaneous EEG(electroencephalogram) activity around 10Hz originated from is Rolandic area and it is regarded as an idling rhythm of motor system suggested by previous studies. Recently, the concept thatμ wave is actually more relevant to somatic sensation is gradually accepted because the source where μ wave originates is closer to somatosensory cortex. Although recent studies support this argument, but no experiment exists to provide direct evidence. The aim of this study is to test the hypotheses that nerons in the human somatosensory cortex show spontaneous oscillation around 10Hz, and that this activity is affected by sensory input. An experiment is designed to test above hypotheses. The system consists of a passive stretch mechanism for thumb and a 32-channel EEG machine. The passive movement of right thumb with three different frequencies, namely 5Hz, 10Hz, and 15Hz are used as the sensory inputs. Sixteen scalp electrodes are adhered around C3 and C4 (international 10-20 system) and 16 channels of EEG signals are recorded by a digital EEG machine at a sampling rate of 256Hz. Two time-frequency signal processing methods, namely, short time Fourier Transform and wavelet packet decomposition are employed to analyze the power distribution ofμ wave. The results reveal thatμ wave is suppressed during somatosensory stimulation.
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Schewitz, Jacqueline. "The effect of two passive head down diaphragm stretching manoeuvres on diaphragm length in healthy adult individuals." Thesis, 2014.
Find full textAbstract:
Objectives:
The diaphragm is the primary muscle of inspiration and provides life sustaining oxygen to the body (Voyvoda et al, 2011). It is active during relaxed and effort induced ventilation.
Diaphragm contraction results in pressure changes within the thorax thereby assisting in
airflow into the lungs and increasing lung volumes. During this inhalation process the
diaphragm moves from a dome-shaped relaxed position into a flattened shortened position.Often during the increased work of breathing in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the diaphragm does not sit in its anatomical resting position; it shortens and weakens (Watson et al, 2001). Stretching of skeletal muscles is a physiotherapy treatment modality commonly used in clinical practice. The aim of this treatment modality is to increase the length of a shortened muscle thereby improving the range of motion of said muscle and improving the specific joint motion (Wepler and Magnusson, 2011). Head down tilt positions are commonly used in cardiopulmonary physiotherapy to utilise gravity to facilitate sputum drainage from different lung segments (Pryor & Prasad, 2008; Selsby & Jones, 1990). A head down tilt position could potentially have an influence on diaphragm length if applied for a sustained period of time due to likely abdominal content displacement from a caudal to cranial position resulting in a stretch on the diaphragm.
The objective was to determine if diaphragm length could be influenced by providing a stretch using the abdominal contents. Moreover, to see if this hypothesized change in length would influence the diaphragm’s function.
Method:
A quasi-experimental study was conducted from January to April 2012 with undergraduate
physiotherapy students as study participants. Seventy five study participants were assessed for baseline outcome measures at rest. They then underwent four body position changes after which each measurement was re-recorded. These body position changes were:
• lying in a head down tilt position at 15 degrees for 30 seconds
• lying in a head down tilt position at 15 degrees for two minutes
• lying in a head down tilt position at 30 degrees for 30 seconds
• lying in a head down tilt position at 30 degrees for two minutes
Ultrasound was used to measure the diaphragm length. Its function was recorded in terms of the expiratory flow generated and the thoracic expansion measured. Dyspnoea was recorded for a subjective view of tolerance of the position and vital signs were monitored throughout for the volunteers’ safety. ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, Bartlett’s test and the student’s t test were used for statistical analysis.
Results:
All 75 participants completed the entire study and none were withdrawn as a result of
negative side effects. The results showed that the diaphragm could be stretched by using the abdominal contents in a head down tilt position (p=0.00). The mean and standard deviation for the greatest change from rest was 38.78mm (±11.51) on the left and 39.38mm (±11.92) on the right. There were no detrimental effects to the participants’ cardiovascular or pulmonary stability. Thoracic expansion and peak flow showed an insignificant change throughout the changes in position. Thoracic expansion had a mean change of 2.48cm (±0.86) with a p value of 0.54. Peak expiratory flow rate had a change of 428.94L/min (±95.01) with a p value of 0.98. These values were less than the normal expected values for the participants.
Conclusion:
A change in diaphragm length is possible by applying a stretch to the muscle. A stretch can be applied by placing the participant in a head down tilt position which allows the abdominal contents to push on the underside of the diaphragm in a cranial direction. No adverse effects occurred in healthy adult individuals during the different head-down tilt positions. Respiratory function did not show a significant improvement due to the change in diaphragm length as measured by peak expiratory flow rate and thoracic expansion.
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McElfresh, Patrick J. "Active and passive Rorschach movement responses toward a historically and experientially grounded revision of scoring criteria /." 2010. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/etd,128642.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2010.Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p.) and index. Includes bibliographical references (p. 274-284) and index.
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"Active and Passive Precision Grip Responses to Unexpected Perturbations." Doctoral diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.18738.
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abstract: The development of advanced, anthropomorphic artificial hands aims to provide upper extremity amputees with improved functionality for activities of daily living. However, many state-of-the-art hands have a large number of degrees of freedom that can be challenging to control in an intuitive manner. Automated grip responses could be built into artificial hands in order to enhance grasp stability and reduce the cognitive burden on the user. To this end, three studies were conducted to understand how human hands respond, passively and actively, to unexpected perturbations of a grasped object along and about different axes relative to the hand. The first study investigated the effect of magnitude, direction, and axis of rotation on precision grip responses to unexpected rotational perturbations of a grasped object. A robust "catch-up response" (a rapid, pulse-like increase in grip force rate previously reported only for translational perturbations) was observed whose strength scaled with the axis of rotation. Using two haptic robots, we then investigated the effects of grip surface friction, axis, and direction of perturbation on precision grip responses for unexpected translational and rotational perturbations for three different hand-centric axes. A robust catch-up response was observed for all axes and directions for both translational and rotational perturbations. Grip surface friction had no effect on the stereotypical catch-up response. Finally, we characterized the passive properties of the precision grip-object system via robot-imposed impulse perturbations. The hand-centric axis associated with the greatest translational stiffness was different than that for rotational stiffness. This work expands our understanding of the passive and active features of precision grip, a hallmark of human dexterous manipulation. Biological insights such as these could be used to enhance the functionality of artificial hands and the quality of life for upper extremity amputees.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Mechanical Engineering 2013