Journal articles: 'Passive perception'

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Chertykova, Maria D. "SITUATIVE-STRUCTURAL MODELS OF VERBS OF PASSIVE PERCEPTION IN THE KHAKAS LANGUAGE." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 3 (2019): 236–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_3_236_247.

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Within the framework of the semantic-cognitive approach, verbs of passive perception in the Khakas language are considered, situational-structural models characteristic for them are determined. It was discovered that 3 basic verbs with the corresponding passive affixes can represent passive perception: кöрін- 'to look; to be seen'; истіл- 'to be heard', ичыстан- 'to smell; to stink'. The analysis revealed specific semantic features of these passive verbs, including those of active perception. Six situative-structural models were found: 1) direct passive perception of the reality; 2) passive perception as a memory of a situation, event or phenomenon; 3) passive perception of an object as an imaginative situation or phenomenon; 4) passive perception of an object in the presence of characteristic details; 5) passive perception of an object through situational and process-related factors present in the subject's consciousness; 6) vague (or inadequate) perception of reality due to physiological or psychic violations in the subject. The passive voice forms can also express active perception of an object when they describe extreme or unexpected situations. Negative perceptual judgment in verb semantics neutralizes passive perception as well.

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Zhang, Jian, Zhilin Zhang, Ritsu Go, Chunlin Li, and Jinglong Wu. "Discrimination Thresholds for Passive Tactile Volume Perception by Fingertips." Perception 48, no. 12 (2019): 1252–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006619878560.

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Haptic object perception is still poorly understood up to now. This study investigated the ability of human fingers to discriminate the volume of objects by passive touch. Experiments measured the discrimination threshold of volume using three tasks: passive tactile volume perception, passive tactile area perception, and active tactile volume perception. In each trial, we utilized two plastic cubes to successively stimulate the fingers, and participants were instructed to make comparisons between the stimulus objects’ volume and area. Results showed that there was no significant difference in the discrimination thresholds of tactile volume perception between passive touch and active touch, whereas significant differences in the discrimination thresholds between fingertips, such as the thumb versus the pinky finger. In passive touch, the discrimination thresholds of volume perception were larger than that with surface area perception. We found that the discrimination of the volume of objects is more difficult than the discrimination of the area of the objects.

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Westerterp, Klaas R. "Perception, passive overfeeding and energy metabolism." Physiology & Behavior 89, no. 1 (2006): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.12.014.

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Aneva, Tsvetalina. "Aspects of teaching and learning verbs of perception." Studies in Linguistics, Culture, and FLT 11, no. 1 (2023): 100–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/ujly4936.

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The present research takes a practical and methodological approach to verbs of perception with a focus on some specific characteristics of the basic perception verbs, paying special attention to the difference between active and passive perception. It aims at investigating the difficulties that students face when studying perception verbs and applying grammar rules. The study applies qualitative and quantitative analysis to examine learners’ deviations in the use of perception verbs. The analysis of students’ errors reveals that it is difficult for learners to identify the main differences between the three types of perception verbs: those denoting actions, perceptions and properties.

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Richman, Joel B., Jennifer Stanfield, and Brian P. Dyre. "Small Fields of view Interfere with Perception of Heading during Active Control But not Passive Viewing." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 22 (1998): 1545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804202203.

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Dyre, Warren, and Garness (1996) found that heading performance during active control differed qualitatively from heading performance during passive viewing, though it was unclear exactly why. Our study examined the relationships between field of view, mental workload, and heading perception. We assessed heading performance during active control and passive viewing with a 30° field of view (Dyre et al. used 90°). Subjective mental workload ratings were collected to assess its relationship to active and passive perception of heading. We found results contrary to those of Dyre et al. (1996): heading perception was less accurate during active control than passive viewing and the relationship between simulated velocity and heading performance was reversed. Further, subjective mental workload was higher during active control than during passive viewing. These results suggest that field of view is an important optical variable mediating heading perception during active control.

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Meylanzharie, Zhulvie. "GAMBARAN PERSEPSI REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG BAHAYA PEROKOK PASIF TERHADAP FUNGSI REPRODUKSI WANITA DI SMAN 1 GALIS PAMEKASAN." SAKTI BIDADARI (Satuan Bakti Bidan Untuk Negeri) 4, no. 1 (2021): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/bidadari.2021.4.1.26-31.

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Cigarette smoke inhaled by passive smokers (not smoking) is as dangerous as cigarettes and smoke inhaled by active smokers (smoking). Therefore, the diseases suffered by passive smoking are almost the same as those suffered by active smokers. The impact of smoking on secondhand smoke can interfere with female reproductive functions such as cervical cancer, breast cancer, etc. The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions of young women about the dangers of passive smoking on women's reproductive function. The research method used is descriptive. The study population was 315 girls at SMAN 1 Galis Pamekasan. The sample consisted of 176 people with stratified random sampling technique. The variable used is a single variable, namely the perception of young women. Data collection using a Likert scale questionnaire.The results showed that 176 adolescent girls (55.7%) had a positive perception of the dangers of passive smoking on female reproductive function.The conclusion of this study is that young women have positive perceptions about the dangers of passive smoking on female reproductive function. Efforts made are that young women are trying hard to avoid cigarette smoke, the school has made strict and strict rules about prohibiting smoking in the school environment by giving heavier sanctions such as calling parents of students, and the family making changes to smoking habits in the house, etc.

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Keinan, Ruty, and Yoella Bereby-Meyer. "Perceptions of Active Versus Passive Risks, and the Effect of Personal Responsibility." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 43, no. 7 (2017): 999–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167217703079.

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Not getting vaccinated or not backing up computer files are examples of passive risk taking: risk brought on or magnified by inaction. We suggest the difficulty in paying attention to absences, together with the reduced agency and responsibility that is associated with passive choices, leads to the perception of passive risks as being less risky than equivalent active risks. Using scenarios in which risk was taken either actively or passively, we demonstrate that passive risks are judged as less risky than equivalent active risks. We find the perception of personal responsibility mediates the differences between the perception of passive and active risks. The current research offers an additional explanation for omission or default biases: The passive nature of these choices causes them to appear less risky than they really are.

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Keywan, Aram, Haike Dietrich, and Max Wuehr. "Subliminal Passive Motion Stimulation Improves Vestibular Perception." Neuroscience 441 (August 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.053.

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Waggoner, Ashley S., Eliot R. Smith, and Elizabeth C. Collins. "Person perception by active versus passive perceivers." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 45, no. 4 (2009): 1028–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2009.04.026.

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Savic, Ivanka, and Hans Berglund. "Passive perception of odors and semantic circuits." Human Brain Mapping 21, no. 4 (2004): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20009.

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Rodríguez, José-Luis, Ramiro Velázquez, Carolina Del-Valle-Soto, Sebastián Gutiérrez, Jorge Varona, and Josué Enríquez-Zarate. "Active and Passive Haptic Perception of Shape: Passive Haptics Can Support Navigation." Electronics 8, no. 3 (2019): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8030355.

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Real-time haptic interactions occur under two exploration modes: active and passive. In this paper, we present a series of experiments that evaluate the main perceptual characteristics of both exploration modes. In particular, we focus on haptic shape recognition as it represents a fundamental task in many applications using haptic environments. The results of four experiments conducted with a group of 10 voluntary subjects show that the differences in motor activity between active and passive haptics ease the perception of surfaces for the first case and the perception of pathways for the latter. In addition, the guidance nature of passive haptics makes the pathway direction easy to recognize. This work shows that this last observation could find application in more challenging tasks such as navigation in space.

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Froese, Tom, and Ximena González-Grandón. "How passive is passive listening? Toward a sensorimotor theory of auditory perception." Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 19, no. 4 (2019): 619–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11097-019-09641-6.

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Waterlot, Muriel. "Welke aanpak voor de Nederlandse vertaling van Poolse auditieve verba sentiendi?" Neerlandica Wratislaviensia 33 (November 17, 2022): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0860-0716.33.10.

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When translating verbs from auditory perception, the translator often limits himself to a semantic and syntactic analysis of the predicates in a sentence. However, there is also an enunciative dimension (i.e. the relationship between the speaker and the subject of auditory perception) to be taken into account. Linguists divide the verbs of auditory perception into two groups according to cognitive criteria: verbs of passive and active perception. In Polish, many auditory perception verbs have a prefi x. In this article, we analyse how Polish passive auditory perception verbs and active auditory perception verbs are to be translated into Dutch.

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Bhanpuri, Nasir H., Allison M. Okamura, and Amy J. Bastian. "Active force perception depends on cerebellar function." Journal of Neurophysiology 107, no. 6 (2012): 1612–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00983.2011.

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Damage to the cerebellum causes characteristic movement abnormalities but is thought to have minimal impact on somatosensory perception. Traditional clinical assessments of patients with cerebellar lesions reveal no perceptual deficits despite the fact that the cerebellum receives substantial somatosensory information. Given that abnormalities have been reported in predicting the visual consequences of movement, we suspect that the cerebellum broadly participates in perception when motor output is required (i.e., active perception). Thus we hypothesize that cerebellar integrity is essential for somatosensory perception that requires motor activity, but not passive somatosensory perception. We compared the perceptual acuity of human cerebellar patients to that of healthy control subjects in several different somatosensory perception tasks with minimal visual information. We found that patients were worse at active force and stiffness discrimination but similar to control subjects with regard to passive cutaneous force detection, passive proprioceptive detection, and passive proprioceptive discrimination. Furthermore, the severity of movement symptoms as assessed by a clinical exam was positively correlated with impairment of active force perception. Notably, within the context of these perceptual tasks, control subjects and cerebellar patients displayed similar movement characteristics, and hence differing movement strategies are unlikely to underlie the differences in perception. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the cerebellum is vital to sensory prediction of self-generated movement and suggest a general role for the cerebellum in multiple forms of active perception.

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Watanabe, T. "Perceptual learning without perception is not passive and results in robust perception." Journal of Vision 4, no. 11 (2004): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/4.11.22.

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Dyre, Brian P., Rik Warren, and Sheila A. Garness. "Active Control vs. Passive Perception of Heading: Evidence for Different Perceptual Mechanisms." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 23 (1996): 1207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604002313.

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Traditional psychophysical research on perception of heading is characterized by an observer passively viewing a self-motion display. However, some studies suggest that active observers form different perceptions than passive observers, which challenges the relevance of traditional studies of heading to issues of vehicular control. The present study examined whether observers who actively control their self-motion perceive heading differently than those who passively view a self-motion display. We examined heading performance during both active control of yaw and passive observation using a manual control paradigm. The results indicated that observers who actively controlled their yaw perceived heading in a manner that was qualitatively different than observers who passively viewed a self-motion display. Moreover, the results suggest that active observers learn to use relevant display information that passive observers overlook. These results cast doubt on the relevance of traditional psychophysical research on heading to the issue of vehicular control.

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Ikeda, Takuo. "Perception and Motion under Passive or Active Conditions." Equilibrium Research 62, no. 6 (2003): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3757/jser.62.511.

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Akatsuka, Fumihiro, and Yoshihiko Nomura. "Velocity difference perception in passive elbow flexion movement." Proceedings of Conference of Tokai Branch 2017.66 (2017): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmetokai.2017.66.321.

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Lane, John W., Paul J. Fitzgerald, Jeffrey M. Yau, Izzet Pembeci, and Steven S. Hsiao. "A tactile stimulator for studying passive shape perception." Journal of Neuroscience Methods 185, no. 2 (2010): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.09.025.

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Salles, Jose Inacio, Heloisa Alves, Filipe Costa, et al. "Electrophysiological analysis of the perception of passive movement." Neuroscience Letters 501, no. 2 (2011): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2011.05.005.

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Noël, Dirk. "Revisiting the passive of infinitival perception verb complements." Studia Neophilologica 76, no. 1 (2004): 12–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00393270410027048.

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Konczak, Jürgen, Kimberly Krawczewski, Paul Tuite, and Matthias Maschke. "The perception of passive motion in Parkinson's disease." Journal of Neurology 254, no. 5 (2007): 655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-006-0426-2.

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Xie, Shuang. "Functioning of verbs with the meaning of perception “vision” (based on the autobiographical prose by Irina Odoevtseva “On the Banks of the Neva”)." Philology. Theory & Practice 18, no. 5 (2025): 1753–60. https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20250248.

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The study aims to identify the specific functions of verbs with the meaning of perception (“vision”) in Irina Odoevtseva’s work “On the Banks of the Neva”. The functions are determined taking into account the voice of the verbs (active or passive), as well as the subject-object relations presented in the semantic structure of the utterance. Four groups of verbs are identified: subject-active, subject-passive, object-active, and object-passive. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that, for the first time, the functional distribution of verbs of visual perception in Irina Odoevtseva’s autobiographical prose “On the Banks of the Neva” is described, and the role of visual perception in the representation of emotional and mental components of semantics in the creation of autobiographical texts is shown. As a result of the research, it was determined that verbs of visual perception in “On the Banks of the Neva” perform a variety of functions: influencing, communicative, emotional, depictive, cognitive, informative, expressive, symbolic, and evaluative. The analysis contributes to the study of autobiographical prose in terms of the interaction of modes of perception and memory, reflecting the author’s and characters’ memories and perceptual experience.

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Kostadinov, O. "MODEL OF PASSIVE AND ACTIVE FOREIGN LANGUAGE VOCABULARY DYNAMICS." Slovak international scientific journal, no. 84 (June 12, 2024): 69–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11624502.

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Learning a foreign language requires the perception and assimilation of foreign language knowledge to memorize and use it later. The process of remembering is accompanied by forgetting. Memorizing foreign words happens gradually and in stages, which is why foreign language vocabulary is divided into two categories: passive and active vocabulary. For these reasons, we have different degrees of mastery of foreign words. These features of the process of acquiring foreign language knowledge make it dynamic. Between passive and active vocabulary, there is constant movement of vocabulary in both directions. Repetition of foreign words from the passive vocabulary leads to their passage into the active vocabulary and vice versa – when a given foreign word is not actively used, it returns to the passive vocabulary. The dynamics of learning the foreign language determines the result. Knowledge of this dynamic is important for the correct construction of teaching methods and conducting the process of learning a foreign language.

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Olczak, Derek, Vaishnavi Sukumar, and J. Andrew Pruszynski. "Edge orientation perception during active touch." Journal of Neurophysiology 120, no. 5 (2018): 2423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00280.2018.

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Previous studies investigating the perceptual attributes of tactile edge orientation processing have applied their stimuli to an immobilized fingertip. Here we tested the perceptual attributes of edge orientation processing when participants actively touched the stimulus. Our participants moved their finger over two pairs of edges, one pair parallel and the other nonparallel to varying degrees, and were asked to identify which of the two pairs was nonparallel. In addition to the psychophysical estimates of edge orientation acuity, we measured the speed at which participants moved their finger and the forces they exerted when moving their finger over the stimulus. We report four main findings. First, edge orientation acuity during active touch averaged 12.4°, similar to that previously reported during passive touch. Second, on average, participants moved their finger over the stimuli at ~20 mm/s and exerted contact forces of ~0.3 N. Third, there was no clear relationship between how people moved their finger or how they pressed on the stimulus and their edge orientation acuity. Fourth, consistent with previous work testing tactile spatial acuity, we found a significant correlation between fingertip size and orientation acuity such that people with smaller fingertips tended to have better orientation acuity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Edge orientation acuity expressed by the motor system during manipulation is many times better than edge orientation acuity assessed in psychophysical studies where stimuli are applied to a passive fingertip. Here we show that this advantage is not because of movement per se because edge orientation acuity assessed in a psychophysical task, where participants actively move their finger over the stimuli, yields results similar to previous passive psychophysical studies.

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Ilievski, Naum, and Angelina Ilievska. "Passive Sociopathy." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5, no. 3 (2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/126pgw43a.

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In the domain of complex relational phenomena and social behaviors, passive sociopathy (N. Ilievski) is described as a form of inadequate behavior with a negative impact not only in the immediate, but also in the wider social context as a global psycho-social phenomenon. This dysfunctional pattern is an indicator of psycho-social distortion with unproductive to extremely passive and risky behavior. Analysis and description of this phenomenon through the three psychological components: emotional, cognitive, and behavioral, in correlation with exogenous factors and influences, from the aspect of Christian psychotherapy and the model of Transactional analysis. The practice of Christian psychotherapy sets prayer as a central point of the FCP method in cultivating empathy as a dimension of emotional intelligence through which an emotionally healthy base is built in the person with adequate prosocial behaviors. Contemporary man, faced with the challenges of modern trends – in which the mass media of hyper information plays an important role – is flooded with negative information that changes the threshold of his perception and sensitivity to the level of discount, emotional dullness, to extreme insensitivity as the main characteristic of passive sociopathy.

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Lu, Yichun, and Siu-Kit Lau. "Influence of public space type on soundscape perception in the residential context." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (2023): A332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0019042.

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Many studies have validated that soundscape quality will contribute to the satisfaction of public spaces. However, the requirements for a sound environment differ in different public spaces. Few studies focus on the difference among effects of soundscape on satisfaction in various types of public spaces in residential areas. Besides, the public space type may also moderate the effect of audio-visual environment on soundscape quality, which there may be a lack of existing studies. The present research aims to investigate the relationship among space type, audio-visual environment, and soundscape to improve satisfaction in public spaces. An on-site questionnaire survey was conducted in public spaces in residential areas, and 50 subjects participated in this survey. The correlation analysis showed that the audio-visual indicators affect soundscape perception in passive and active space differently. In particular, traffic noise may have a less negative effect on pleasantness in active space than passive space. Also, interesting visual elements may enhance eventfulness in passive zone while they may not affect eventfulness in active zone. The result of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) indicated that pleasantness is most important to people’s satisfaction in both passive and active spaces, while eventfulness is more critical in active than passive spaces.

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F.D., Adediji, Adelere E.A., and Dangana J. "Knowledge, Perception and Exposure Risk to Passive Smoking Among In-School Adolescents in Ibadan Southeast Local Government Area Nigeria." African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery 4, no. 3 (2021): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-betjpajb.

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Passive smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals, including hundreds that are toxic and about 70 that can cause cancer. This is because the smoke that burns off the end of a cigar or cigarette contains more harmful substances (tar, carbon monoxide, nicotine, among others) than the smoke inhaled by the smoker. The study investigated the determinants knowledge, perception and exposure risk to passive smoking among in-school Adolescents in Ibadan Southeast Local Government Area, Nigeria. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design. Multi stage sampling techniques were used to select four hundred and ten participants (414) among in-school Adolescents in Ibadan Southeast Local Government Area, Nigeria. The instrument was a self-report questionnaire to collect data in the study and was subjected to validation. Obtained data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency and percentages. Also, correlation analyses were used to test the hypothesis at 95% confidence level (α=0.05). Three research questions and two research hypotheses were tested in the study. The results showed that the mean age was 17.05±1.39 years. The result revealed that the majority of the participants 337(82.2%) had poor knowledge about passive smoking, while 73(17.8%) of the respondents had good knowledge about passive smoking. Also, the result revealed that the majority of the participants 165(40.2%) reported low exposure risk of passive smoking. Correlation analyses show that there is a significant relationship between adolescents’ knowledge and exposure risk to passive smoking among in-school adolescents in Ibadan southeast local government area (r=0.22; p=0.000). There is also a significant relationship between perception and exposure risk to passive smoking among in-school adolescents in Ibadan south east local government area (r=0.13; p=0.009). The study therefore concluded and recommended that training programmers’ should be provided to increase the adolescents’ awareness, change their perceptions, increase their ability to protect themselves and help to have a smoke-free environment.

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Nagai, Noriko. "Consciousness raising tasks: Developing learners’ reflective attitude toward plurilingualism." Language Learning in Higher Education 10, no. 1 (2020): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2020-2014.

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AbstractThis report proposes a number of tasks which help learners become more aware of how their feelings are moulded in their L1 and notice crosslinguistic similarities and differences between their L1 and a target language. The proposed tasks are motivated by findings in the crosslinguistic influence literature and a study that investigated Japanese learners’ perception of crosslinguistic similarities and differences between English and Japanese passives. Japanese has two types of passives, while English has only one. Although the two types of Japanese passives share some properties, they have distinctive functions; one type is mainly used to express adversative feelings of the speaker towards the event a sentence describes, while the other is much the same as the English passive. The study results indicate that half of the subjects perceive crosslinguistic similarities yet avoid using the construction and the other half incorrectly assume similarities which do not exist in reality. The proposed tasks attempt to develop learners’ metalinguistic ability through analysing Japanese and English passives and to facilitate learners’ awareness of crosslinguistic similarities and differences in the passive constructions.

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Glasauer, S., and I. Israël. "Otolithic Thresholds Influence the Perception of Passive Linear Displacement." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 115, sup520 (1995): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489509125185.

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Pais, A. R. Valente, D. M. Pool, A. M. de Vroome, M. M. Van Paassen, and M. Mulder. "Pitch Motion Perception Thresholds During Passive and Active Tasks." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 35, no. 3 (2012): 904–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.54987.

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Turner, Travis H., Julius Fridriksson, Julie Baker, David Eoute, Leonardo Bonilha та Christopher Rorden. "Obligatory Brocaʼs area modulation associated with passive speech perception". NeuroReport 20, № 5 (2009): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wnr.0b013e32832940a0.

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Freeman, Walter J. "Comparison of brain models for active vs. passive perception." Information Sciences 116, no. 2-4 (1999): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0255(98)10100-7.

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Earhart, Gammon M., Elizabeth S. Stevens, Joel S. Perlmutter, and Minna Hong. "Perception of Active and Passive Turning in Parkinson Disease." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 21, no. 2 (2007): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1545968306290674.

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Fu, Fang, Yan-Yan Chen, Quanyu Li, and Fuzhong Zhu. "Varieties of Hope Among Family Caregivers of Patients With Lymphoma." Qualitative Health Research 28, no. 13 (2018): 2048–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732318779051.

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In this study, 16 family caregivers of patients with lymphoma were interviewed on their changing perceptions of hope. The changing process starts from diagnosis to the present treatment state. We found that the changing perception of hope can be divided into three stages: the stage of generalized hope focusing merely on treatment and passive hope focusing on harm-avoidance, the stage of specified hope and active hope aiming at comfort-seeking, and the stage of multifaceted hope. Family caregivers’ understanding of the past experience of and new information on the disease are the foundation of the perception of hope. The perception of hope in cancer patients’ family caregivers develops from “therapeutic hope” to “psychosocial hope,” shifting from “consequential hope” to “procedural hope.”

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Ahn, Si-Nae, Jeong-Weon Lee, and Sujin Hwang. "Tactile Perception for Stroke Induce Changes in Electroencephalography." Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy 28, no. 1 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hkjot.2016.10.001.

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Objective/Background Tactile perception is a basic way to obtain and evaluate information about an object. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of tactile perception on brain activation using two different tactile explorations, passive and active touches, in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke. Methods Twenty patients who were diagnosed with stroke (8 right brain damaged, 12 left brain damaged) participated in this study. The tactile perception was conducted using passive and active explorations in a sitting position. To determine the neurological changes in the brain, this study measured the brain waves of the participants using electroencephalography (EEG). Results The relative power of the sensory motor rhythm on the right prefrontal lobe and right parietal lobe was significantly greater during the active tactile exploration compared to the relative power during the passive exploration in the left damaged hemisphere. Most of the measured brain areas showed nonsignificantly higher relative power of the sensory motor rhythm during the active tactile exploration, regardless of which hemisphere was damaged. Conclusion The results of this study provided a neurophysiological evidence on tactile perception in individuals with chronic stroke. Occupational therapists should consider an active tactile exploration as a useful modality on occupational performance in rehabilitation training.

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Fatin, Izlaili Zaini, Mohd Abd Rashid Maisarah, and Rusydina Ahmad Faizal Nur. "Knowledge and Perception on Tobacco Smoke Exposure towards Children in Mukim Sungai Pelek, Sepang, Selangor." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 3, no. 1 (2018): 56–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3936418.

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Tobacco contributes to nearly 6 million deaths per year and 10% is attributed to the exposure of second-hand cigarette smoke. Studies show that people have knowledge on the dangers of passive smoking. They also agreed that children were more vulnerable to passive smoking than adults. This study aims to assess the knowledge and perception of tobacco smoke exposure towards children, in Mukim Sg Pelek, Sepang, Selangor. A cross sectional study was done by using stratified, systematic and simple random sampling. The respondents that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using SPSS. Majority of the respondents have good knowledge (89.8%) and good perception (84.1%) on dangers of tobacco smoke exposure towards children. Majority knew that tobacco smoke may influence health of the children which causes the children to be sick as they are susceptible to respiratory illness. Statistically, there was significant association between knowledge and perception towards smoke exposure. In conclusion, there was good knowledge and perception status on the risk of secondhand smoke to children in Mukim, Sg Pelek, Sepang, Selangor.

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Smith, Allan M., C. Elaine Chapman, François Donati, Pascal Fortier-Poisson, and Vincent Hayward. "Perception of Simulated Local Shapes Using Active and Passive Touch." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 6 (2009): 3519–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00043.2009.

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This study reexamined the perceptual equivalence of active and passive touch using a computer-controlled force-feedback device. Nine subjects explored a 6 × 10-cm workspace, with the index finger resting on a mobile flat plate, and experienced simulated Gaussian ridges and troughs (width, 15 mm; amplitude, 0.5 to 4.5 mm). The device simulated shapes by modulating either lateral resistance with no vertical movement or by vertical movement with no lateral forces, as a function of the digit position in the horizontal workspace. The force profiles and displacements recorded during active touch were played back to the stationary finger in the passive condition, ensuring that stimulation conditions were identical. For the passive condition, shapes simulated by vertical displacements of the finger had lower categorization thresholds and higher magnitude estimates compared with those of active touch. In contrast, the results with the lateral force fields showed that with passive touch, subjects recognized that a stimulus was present but were unable to correctly categorize its shape as convex or concave. This result suggests that feedback from the motor command can play an important role in processing sensory inputs during tactile exploration. Finally, subjects were administered a ring-block anesthesia of the digital nerves of the index finger and subsequently retested. Removing skin sensation significantly increased the categorization threshold for the perception of shapes generated by lateral force fields, but not for those generated by displacement fields.

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Hasson, Henna, Ulrica von Thiele Schwarz, and Susanne Tafvelin. "Shared or different realities." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 41, no. 1 (2019): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-02-2019-0092.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the consequences of self–other agreement (SOA) between leaders and subordinates on constructive and passive leadership behaviors for employee well-being, performance and perception of learning climate. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire ratings of 76 leaders and 211 subordinates in a forest industrial company on full-range leadership and subordinate ratings of well-being, work performance and learning climate have been used in this paper. The data were analyzed using polynomial regression with response surface analysis. Findings SOA on constructive leadership (transformational leadership and contingent reward) was related to subordinates’ perception of a positive learning climate. SOA on passive leadership (management-by-exception passive) reduced subordinates’ performance, while disagreement reduced their well-being. Practical implications It is important to give leaders feedback on their own and their subordinates’ ratings of not only constructive leadership behaviors but also passive behaviors. Originality/value The study demonstrates how SOA on leaders’ constructive and passive leadership behaviors impacts employees’ well-being, performance and work climate.

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Kim, Byung-Keon, and Yu-jeong Park. "A Qualitative Study on Pre-service Special Education Teachers’ Experience and Changes in Perceptions of Multicultural Students." Regional Entrepreneurship Education Research Center 7, no. 1 (2025): 355–79. https://doi.org/10.23108/decrc.2025.7.1.355.

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Purpose: This study aimed to explore pre-service special education teachers’ experience and changes in perceptions of multicultural students through their experience of teaching multicultural students. Method: Nine pre-service special education teachers who have participated in Multicultural Mentoring Program in a university were interviewed in three phases (i.e., pre- middle- and post-phase), and their interview data in each phase were analyzed using typological analysis according to changes in their perceptions and reconstruction of stereotypes. Results: First, participants who possessed a positive perception/attitude were more likely to accept the important of teaching multicultural students and develop a realistic educational strategies for multicultural students. Second, participants who possessed a neutral perception/attitude gradually accepted multicultural students’ needs and differences. Third, participants who possessed a passive perception/attitude experienced the value of teaching multiple cultural students, which leads to changes in their perceptions/attitude. Conclusion: These findings support the important of developing a teacher education curriculum for pre-service special education teacher’s to be more capable of working with multicultural students in schools.

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Sun, Guoxia. "Symmetry Analysis in Analyzing Cognitive and Emotional Attitudes for Tourism Consumers by Applying Artificial Intelligence Python Technology." Symmetry 12, no. 4 (2020): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12040606.

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Symmetries play very important roles in the analysis of cognitive and emotional attitudes. The analysis with Python technology, including optimized artificial intelligence technology, is designed on the basis of symmetry principles. Destination image perception as a branch of destination image research is of great significance to tourists’ decision-making and destination image building. Ice-snow tourism is a hot topic nowadays, and research on perceptions of images of ice-snow tourism has become a focus. In this paper, python programming was used to crawl online travel journals and reviews about Jilin province’s ice-snow tourism on the Internet to analyze the frequency of frequently used words, their classification, word cloud and co-occurrence network, and other aspects of image perception, and proceed to the emotional perception of and emotional attitude to the emotional images and an overall image analysis. The study found that: (1) Perceptions of images of ice-snow tourism can be divided into five categories: tourism attractions, tourism activities, tourism facilities, tourism features and the tourism service environment. The frequency of tourism attractions is the highest, followed by tourism facilities and the tourism service environment. “Changbai Mountain” and “rime” are the core words, that is, tourists are most impressed by the scenic spot and landscape of “Changbai Mountain and rime.” (2) Positive emotional expressions accounted for 67.23% of perceptions of images of ice-snow tourism. Tourists gave a positive evaluation for Changbai Mountain, the snow landscape of Tianchi and skiing facilities. Meanwhile, passive emotional expressions accounted for 21.07% and tourists gave passive evaluations for travel, transportation, accommodation and catering. (3) Tourists spoke highly of overall images of ice-snow tourism in Jilin Province but few were willing to revisit. In the conclusion, strategies are put forward to improve image perceptions of ice-snow tourism and promote the sustainable development of ice and snow tourism.

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Yi, Ko Woon, and Song Yi Lee. "A Study on Perception Types of Anger Emotion in Early Adulthood Workers." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 25, no. 10 (2025): 810–24. https://doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2025.25.10.810.

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Objectives This study aimed to categorize the subjective perceptions of anger among early adulthood workers and to present the characteristics of each type. Methods The study was conducted using the Q methodology with 25 workers who had experienced workplace anger. Results The analysis identified four perception types: Passive Avoidance Type, Aggressive Retaliation Type, Internal Conflict Type, and Tense Hypersensitivity Type. The Passive Avoidance Type tended to avoid anger-inducing situations and suppress emotions, suggesting the need for interventions that challenge negative beliefs about emotional expression and enhance self-efficacy. The Aggressive Retaliation Type perceived anger as hostility and a means of retaliation against others, highlighting the necessity of support measures for expressing anger in a healthier way. The Internal Conflict Type viewed anger as an emotion that must be controlled but also experienced stress due to emotional suppression. For this type, enhancing psychological safety in the workplace and increasing perceived organizational support (POS) were proposed as effective strategies. The Tense Hypersensitivity Type associated anger with physical tension and heightened sensitivity to work-related stress. In this case, relaxation techniques such as meditation programs and improvements in workload distribution were suggested as effective interventions. Conclusions This study is significant in that it classifies and analyzes the subjective perceptions of anger emotion in early adulthood workers. The findings suggest that emotional support strategies in the workplace should adopt differentiated approaches tailored to individual perception types. However, as the study focused solely on early adulthood workers, the findings may primarily reflect the perceptions of employees in relatively lower job positions, which could be a limitation.

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Thornton, Ian M., Ronald A. Rensink, and Maggie Shiffrar. "Active versus Passive Processing of Biological Motion." Perception 31, no. 7 (2002): 837–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p3072.

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Johansson's point-light walker figures remain one of the most powerful and convincing examples of the role that motion can play in the perception of form (Johansson, 1973 Perception & Psychophysics14 201–211; 1975 Scientific American232(6) 76–88). In the current work, we use a dual-task paradigm to explore the role of attention in the processing of such stimuli. In two experiments we find striking differences in the degree to which direction-discrimination performance in point-light walker displays appears to rely on attention. Specifically, we find that performance in displays thought to involve top – down processing, either in time (experiment 1) or space (experiment 2) is adversely affected by dividing attention. In contrast, dividing attention has little effect on performance in displays that allow low-level, bottom – up computations to be carried out. We interpret these results using the active/passive motion distinction introduced by Cavanagh (1991 Spatial Vision5 303–309).

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Leonard, S. David, and Edward W. Karnes. "Perception of Risk in Automobiles: Is it Accurate?" Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 15 (1998): 1083–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804201506.

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Consumer concern with safety may be nullified because understanding of hazards associated with uses and misuses of products is often inadequate owing to lack of understanding relevant physical principles. These studies examined the public's understanding of hazards associated with automobiles. Recent safety advances have included passive restraint systems to increase the likelihood of buckling up. Such systems are usually passive/active systems, because lap belts must be manually buckled. Not buckling the lap belt may cause the system to become an injury-producing system rather than an injury-preventing system. Without lap restraint severe neck injuries and possible ejection from the vehicle can occur. Similar problems are posed by other seat belt behaviors. Surveys of general knowledge of these problems and of problems associated with the temperatures occurring in vehicles exposed to solar radiation indicated significant knowledge gaps. Suggestions are made for added warnings and informational programs to ameliorate the situation.

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Allred, Aaron R., Caroline R. Austin, Lanna Klausing, Nicholas Boggess, and Torin K. Clark. "Human perception of self-motion and orientation during galvanic vestibular stimulation and physical motion." PLOS Computational Biology 20, no. 11 (2024): e1012601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012601.

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Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) is an emergent tool for stimulating the vestibular system, offering the potential to manipulate or enhance processes relying on vestibular-mediated central pathways. However, the extent of GVS’s influence on the perception of self-orientation pathways is not understood, particularly in the presence of physical motions. Here, we quantify roll tilt perception impacted by GVS during passive whole-body roll tilts in humans (N = 11). We find that GVS systematically amplifies and attenuates perceptions of roll tilt during physical tilt, dependent on the GVS waveform. Subsequently, we develop a novel computational model that predicts 6DoF self-motion and self-orientation perceptions for any GVS waveform and motion by modeling the vestibular afferent neuron dynamics modulated by GVS in conjunction with an observer central processing model. This effort provides a means to systematically alter spatial orientation perceptions using GVS during concurrent physical motion, and we find that irregular afferent dynamics alone best describe resultant perceptions.

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SILONI, TAL, JULIA HORVATH, HADAR KLUNOVER, and KEN WEXLER. "Idiom storage and the lexicon." Journal of Linguistics 54, no. 1 (2017): 189–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226717000251.

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Using a new methodology, the paper reports experimental work that sheds light on the organization of the lexicon, the storage technique of phrasal idioms, and the derivation of various diatheses. We conducted an experiment to examine the pattern of distribution of phrasal idioms across several diatheses. Native speakers of Hebrew were taught invented Hebrew idioms inspired by French idioms. The idioms were headed by predicates of three diatheses: a verbal passive, an adjectival passive, and an unaccusative verb. After learning the idioms, the participants evaluated for each idiom how likely it was that it shared its idiomatic meaning with its transitive version. The results show that the distribution of phrasal idioms depends on the diathesis of their head. Subjects perceived the likelihood of the verbal passive to share idiomatic meanings with its transitive counterpart as significantly higher than that of both the adjectival passive and the unaccusative. The findings provide support for the claim that phrasal idioms are stored in the lexicon, not in an extra-grammatical component, since their perception by speakers turned out to be dependent on a grammatical property, the diathesis. This dependency can be explained if phrasal idioms are stored as subentries of their head. The findings also reinforce the view that adjectival passives and unaccusatives are listed in the lexicon, but not verbal passives. Finally, they support the existence of an active lexicon, where thematic operations can apply.

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Alves, Pedro M. S. "Perception and Passivity Can the Passive Pre-Givenness Be Phenomenalized?" Phainomenon 26, no. 1 (2017): 13–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/phainomenon-2017-0003.

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Abstract In what follows, I intend to address an issue which is at the boundaries of the phenomenological method of reflective explication, and that, in this sense, points to some limitations of the phenomenological approach to consciousness and mind. I am referring to an aporetic situation that is at the heart of the phenomenological analysis of passivity. On the one hand, phenomenology shows, at least indirectly, a passive life that is beyond the first steps of the activity of the ego in the receptive, affective life. This is something that is beyond the rising of an ego, and from which a phenomenology of the ego-form of subjective life could be addressed. On the other hand, the analytic and conceptual tools of the phenomenological method have no grips on this basic realm of subjective life. As a result, Husserl’s analysis of passivity starts with the evidence of a pre-affective, pre-egoic realm, from which a phenomenology of the ego could be developed. However, Husserl’s analyses end up with the denegation of this dimension, as if it was invisible for the phenomenological method. As a consequence, the starting point of the analysis is not passivity proper, but rather the primitive forms of receptivity, which is already a first layer of the activity of the ego. Instead of an analysis of the ego-polarization (the “birth” of the ego), the egoic layer of conscious life is simply presupposed. A phenomenology of the ego-form is, thus, at the same time promised and denied. This aporetic situation is visible in the alteration of the concept of a passive pre-givenness in Husserl’s Analysis Concerning Passive Synthesis.

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MITTELSTAEDT, MARIE-LUISE, and WILLI JENSEN. "Centrifugal Force Affects Perception but not Nystagmus in Passive Rotation." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 871, no. 1 OTOLITH FUNCT (1999): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09212.x.

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Bengtsson, Sara, Hanna Lund, and Ivanka Savic. "Are semantic circuits involved in the passive perception of odors?" NeuroImage 13, no. 6 (2001): 862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(01)92204-9.

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Mertz, Sophie, Soumeya Belkhenchir, and Jean-Claude Lepecq. "Evidence of imagined passive self-motion through imagery–perception interaction." Acta Psychologica 105, no. 1 (2000): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-6918(00)00048-2.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Passive perception'

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