Academic literature on the topic 'Patch-corridor-matrix system'

Principles of restoration ecology include the theory of restrictive factors, structure theory of ecosystem ecological fitness theory, niche theory, community succession theory, biodiversity theory and patch-corridor-matrix theory, etc. These theories for urban ecosystem characteristics, reflecting and improving the urban ecological environment with the original content, having great insight in the amount, shape and guidelines to build urban landscape system, its not only becoming the urban landscape system planning and important theoretical foundation of the building, but also providing a new way of thinking for the construction of urban landscape system.

The development of land use in Badung Regency in the period 2013-2021 has an impact on changes in the ecological structure of the landscape. Changes in the ecological structure of the landscape occur in the three parameters, namely patch, matrix and corridor, which are indicated by changes in the area and function of the three parameters. The addition of matrix area in the settlement land use class and golf course patches causes changes in the area of the matrix of mixed gardens, rice fields and mangroves as well as corridors of non-volcanic coastal sand that dominantly have ecological functions. The objectives to be achieved in this study are to analyze the dynamics of changes in the ecological structure of the landscape caused by land use development in Badung Regency. The dynamics of changes in the ecological structure of the landscape due to large-scale changes is a driving factor in the deviation of spatial utilization and a decrease in the quality of the environment in Badung Regency. The research concluded that landscape ecology analysis is an important aspect in the development of regional zones in Badung Regency that takes into account the principles of sustainable development. This research found a new formulation in the analysis of ecological zone development that integrates the landscape ecology approach with the spatial approach and regional approach. The ecological zones of Badung Regency are grouped into 4 (four), namely: very high ecological zone, high ecological zone, medium ecological zone and low ecological zone.

Abstract Landscape structure is composed of the different patterns of land, vegetation, bodies of water, man-made structures like highways. This study describes the slope, climate, labour force, landscape structure, and source of livelihood of the population in Narra Palawan, Philippines, utilizing landscape maps: [watershed, water and land use, soil, road network, environmentally critical area network map (ECAN)], using the patch-corridor-matrix model (PCMM). The human-environment interaction models that exist in the livelihood of the population were also disclosed. Narra has been known as the “rice granary of Palawan” and is strategically situated in Southern Palawan, ninety-six (96) kilometers from Puerto Princesa City. Land use map and soil map of Narra Palawan indicate more areas for agriculture and fishery as source of livelihood of its population. Road map of Narra Palawan shows that all villages is accessible, that favours marketing of agricultural products. The controlled, traditional, and multiple use zones in ECAN map, favours agricultural production. The human-environment interaction model that prevails in their livelihood are; environmental determinism wherein the sources of livelihood depended on the resources in the environment. Ecosystem-based model is express in farming system among settler-farmers. Cultural ecology is practiced by Tagbanua and, Palaw’an wherein Swidden farming is their farming system. The use of categorical maps revealed that it influenced the livelihood sources of the population dominantly on agriculture. It attested to the fact that Narra is an agriculture-based municipality.

We propose a trait-based metric package to elaborate ecological filters. Objective analysis should use multiple indicator traits and multiple metrics. Dispersal limitation is unclear, low habitat quality for vectors is indicated.  Establishment filters include light competition and microsite availability. The suggested set of metrics provided a clear ranking of traits and showed interpretational limitations of widely used short list of traits (e.g. seed weight, plant height and SLA). Results also demonstrate that there is no consistency between indicator metrics based on the shift in trait mean and those based on the reduction of variability, instead they provide complementary information. We implement a trait comparison to the potential optimum level suggested by two ecological reference groups of species to interpret these responses as filter driven convergence or divergence. Unexpectedly, many characteristic traits of forest-specialist plants do not exhibit the expected responses.  We show that biased conclusions about the functional efficiency of habitats and limiting ecological filters can be avoided when indicator analytics include (1) multiple response metrics and analytical methods, (2) multiple seemingly redundant traits, and (3) several reference groups for interpretation. The proposed analytical approach adjusts for (1) the indictor choice subjectivity, and (2) the scaling bias implemented in several ecological indicator trait systems, which over-emphasise qualitative preferences of species rather than reflect their real niches.

The high-intensity development of a city encroaches on the ecological land, such as lakes, rivers, and forests, which changes the stable land relationship, resulting in ecological security problems, such as regional waterlogging and a decline in biodiversity. Identifying urban ecological systems and constructing ecological security patterns (ESP) are of great importance for urban ecological protection and spatial planning. The complexity of the ecological environment in landscape cities makes them more difficult for planning and construction than in plain cities. Additionally, they are more susceptible to torrential rains, mountain torrents, and river tides in the process of urbanization. This study introduced the functional wetland theory into the construction of the ESP and obtained a new set of methods for landscape cities. Based on the functional wetland theory, the “patch-corridor-matrix” model was used to combine the geographic information system (GIS) runoff and catchment analysis with the MSPA-MCR ecological corridor construction method to form a new wetland and habitat network by coupling the two together. Additionally, construction principles of protection priority, maximization of ecological benefits, guarantee of connectivity, and targeted design to guide the construction of landscape cities were put forward. This study takes the central urban area of Fuzhou as an example to show the application path of this method.

Abstract How to better coordinate construction development and regional landscape ecology in the process of urbanization is a realistic problem to be solved. This paper firstly constructs a multimodal language landscape ecological analysis and prediction model based on the patch-corridor-substrate theory for the urban geographical characteristics of Nanchang city and analyzes the urban dynamic data and landscape element change transfer by Markov transfer matrix combined with the entropy weight method to realize the analytical functions of land use change, landscape ecological pattern, spatial measurements, and landscape ecological health risk evaluation. It has been found that the landscape ecological condition of Nanchang City has generally deteriorated from 2005 to 2023, and the average value of the landscape ecological index has decreased. With the improvement of ecological environment laws and regulations, the city will develop in a more scientific, orderly, and sustainable direction, the degree of damage to the landscape will gradually decrease, and the landscape patches become more regular. The degree of forest land separation decreased from 1.932 to 1.228. The area of unutilized land continued to decrease, the degree of disturbance increased to 0.994, and the degree of loss increased to 0.342. The area of the lower ecological risk zone continued to decrease to 1,364.96km2. The proportion of the medium ecological risk zone decreased from 33.42% to 5.26%, and the area decreased by 1,996.77km2. The area of the high ecological risk and high ecological risk zones decreased by 400.72% respectively. Higher ecological risk and high ecological risk areas were reduced by 400.72km² and 31.91km², respectively, according to which this paper puts forward three landscape ecological optimization strategies, such as constructing an ecological network system, strengthening monitoring and early warning, and rationally planning land space. This paper is of great significance in carrying out a regional landscape ecological evaluation, regulating the spatial pattern of Nanchang, optimizing the use of regional land resources, and guaranteeing the sustainable development of the region.