Relevant bibliographies by topics / Patella, injuries

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Patella, injuries'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Patella, injuries"

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Timofeev, Igor V., Elena Yu Dyakonova, Aleksei A. Gusev, Ekaterina A. Romanova, and Polina V. Khrolenko. "Arthroscopic treatement of patella fractures in children." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 5, no. 1 (2017): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors5153-57.

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Introduction. The frequency of patellar fractures is approximately 0.5% to 1.5% of all skeletal injuries. The following types of fractures can be distinguished: avulsive, transverse, longitudinal, and comminuted. In cases of displacement of more than 2–3 mm and quadriceps tendon injuries open reduction and internal fixation with the restoration of the articular surface is more preferable. In cases of longitudinal fractures, arthroscopy is regarded as a highly effective method of surgical treatment.
 Materials and methods. Using arthroscopy, we have operated on 4 patients with longitudinal fracture of the patella. The average age of the injured persons was 15.4 years (14–17). These were 3 males and 1 female. All patients had sport-related injuries.
 Because of the longitudinal fracture of the patella, the lateral knee extensor mechanism remained intact, and arthrosopy-assisted surgical intervention with closed reposition of fragments and transcutaneous wire fixation was performed without wire suturing.
 Results and discussion. Minimal invasiveness, the possibility of visual control over the recovery quality of patellar surface, the reliability of fragment fixation, and a significant reduction in the subsequent rehabilitation make arthroscopy a highly effective method of surgical treatment for patellar fractures.
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Kluczynski, Melissa A., Luis Miranda, and John M. Marzo. "Prevalence and Site of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Injuries in Patients With Acute Lateral Patellar Dislocations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 12 (2020): 232596712096733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120967338.

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Background: Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injuries are common in patients with acute lateral patellar dislocations, but the pattern of MPFL injuries is unclear, especially with respect to patient age. Purpose: The primary aim was to determine the prevalence of MPFL injuries according to the site of injury in patients with acute lateral patellar dislocations. The secondary aim was to compare the site of MPFL injuries in patients aged ≤16 versus >16 years. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed with PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL to identify articles published from January 1, 1999, to May 31, 2019, that examined the site of MPFL injuries in patients with acute patellar dislocations. The study design, sample size, age at injury, technique used for diagnosing MPFL injuries (magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and/or surgery), and prevalence and site of MPFL injuries were extracted from each study. The pooled estimate of the proportion of MPFL injuries at each site was calculated (femur, patella, midsubstance, and combined sites of injury) as well as proportions stratified by age group (≤16 and >16 years). Results: The literature search yielded 420 unique articles, of which 52 were screened for eligibility; of these, 17 were excluded. Thus, a total of 35 articles (2558 patients) were included in the final analysis. The overall prevalence of MPFL injuries was 94.7% (95% CI, 91.2%-96.8%). Most MPFL injuries occurred at the patella (37.1% [95% CI, 30.8%-43.9%]), followed by the femur (36.8% [95% CI, 31.0%-43.0%]), combined sites (25.1% [95% CI, 20.7%-30.1%]), and the midsubstance (15.6% [95% CI, 13.2%-18.4%]). In patients aged ≤16 years, most MPFL injuries occurred at the patella (39.3% [95% CI, 27.9%-51.9%]), and in patients aged >16 years, most MPFL injuries occurred at the femur (47.2% [95% CI, 40.6%-54.0%]). Conclusion: The prevalence of MPFL injuries in patients with acute patellar dislocations varied by site of injury and by age. MPFL injuries at the patella were most prevalent overall and in children and adolescents, and MPFL injuries at the femur were more prevalent in adults.
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Spivey, Matthew G., Michael P. Campbell, Lee G. Gammon, and Alexander R. Vap. "Patellar Tendon Allograft Reconstruction." Video Journal of Sports Medicine 1, no. 4 (2021): 263502542110114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26350254211011485.

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Background: Chronic patellar tendon injuries can cause significant functional deficits due to anterior knee pain, extension weakness, and extensor lag. With chronic injuries, the tissue is inadequate and of poor quality. Chronic injuries require autograft or allograft for augmentation or reconstruction. We present reconstruction of a chronic patellar tendon injury with Achilles tendon allograft. Indications: Chronic patellar tendon injuries causing functional deficits, including knee extension weakness, extensor lag, and anterior knee pain. Technique Description: A longitudinal incision is made over the patellar tendon, and the patellar tendon is excised. Two guide pins are drilled in a retrograde fashion through the patella and are overdrilled with a reamer. A trough is made at the tibial tubercle using an oscillating saw. The Achilles allograft calcaneal bone block is contoured to the appropriate size, and then press fit into the trough. Two 4.0-mm fully threaded cannulated screws with washers are used to secure the bone block. The fresh frozen Achilles allograft is doubled over, and a double Krackow running locking suture is placed. A V-Y advancement of the quadriceps tendon is performed to ensure adequate advancement of the patella. The limbs of the Krackow suture are pulled through the patella drill holes and tied with knee in full extension. Results: At 1 year, patients can expect near full range of motion with minimal extensor lag. Reconstruction results in improved pain and function as compared with preoperatively, as well as return to activities. Conclusion: Achilles tendon allograft is a good option for reconstructing chronic patellar tendon injuries. Advantages of the Achilles allograft include the bone-to-bone healing at the tibia, lack of donor site morbidity, and the large amount of tissue available for reconstruction.
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Sessions, William, Matthew Herring, and Walter Truong. "Extensor Mechanism Injury in the Pediatric Population—A Clinical Review." Journal of Knee Surgery 31, no. 06 (2018): 490–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1625955.

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AbstractThe extensor mechanism of the knee—consisting of the four muscles of the quadriceps, the quadriceps tendon, the patella, and the patellar ligament—is essential for lower extremity function during both standing and ambulation. The presence of articular cartilage and growing physes in the pediatric knee, coupled with the generation of significant tensile force, creates an opportunity for pathology unique to the pediatric population.Tibial tubercle fractures and patella injuries are quite rare, and even pediatric-trained orthopaedic surgeons may not be exposed to these injuries on a regular basis. It is the intent of this article to discuss the current literature regarding the mechanism of injury, diagnostic workup, classification, indications for surgical versus non-surgical management, and techniques for operative management for both tibial tubercle and patella (transverse and sleeve) fractures.
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Mistry, Jaydev, Kevin Bonner, Chukwuweike Gwam, Melbin Thomas, Jennifer Etcheson, and Ronald Delanois. "Management of Injuries to the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament: A Review." Journal of Knee Surgery 31, no. 05 (2017): 439–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604142.

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AbstractThe medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is thought to be the most important medial structure providing restraint to lateral subluxation of the patella. After an initial patellar dislocation, the MPFL is frequently injured and can usually be treated with conservative measures. However, these patients often suffer from recurrent dislocations, which thereby necessitate operative intervention. In the setting of normal anatomy and kinematics, isolated reconstruction of the MPFL is an effective treatment for preventing recurrent dislocations. Various surgical techniques have been described, with differences in fixation and graft selection. The treatment of MPFL injuries should aim to provide patellar stabilization and restore normal kinematics throughout the joint. This review will discuss the following: (1) anatomy of the MPFL, (2) presentation and assessment of MPFL injuries, (3) management of patients with MPFL injuries, and (4) complications following MPFL reconstruction.
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Stanescu, A., Anh-Vu Ngo, Marguerite Parisi, Ramesh Iyer, and Ezekiel Maloney. "The Pediatric Patella: Normal Development, Anatomical Variants and Malformations, Stability, Imaging, and Injury Patterns." Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 22, no. 01 (2018): 081–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608004.

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AbstractWe discuss the pediatric patella, with an emphasis on diagnostic imaging. Topics include normal patellar development, anatomical variants and their physiologic significance, genetic syndromes that alter the appearance of the patella, physiology of patellar tracking and stability, patellofemoral instability, and injury patterns and classification. Recognition of appropriate development on imaging prevents diagnostic error and unnecessary evaluation. Knowledge of the pertinent features of syndromes associated with morphological patellar abnormalities can aid in generating a succinct and relevant differential diagnosis. In patellofemoral instability, the patient's baseline anatomy, factors that predispose to instability, and the specific injuries that occur as a result are critical considerations for determining the course of treatment. Patellar sleeve fractures are unique to pediatric patients, and timely identification is critical to achieving an optimal treatment outcome.
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Delagrammaticas, Dimitri E., and Scott D. Cordes. "A Rare Case of an Irreducible Patella Dislocation." Case Reports in Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3728425.

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Reports of irreducible patellar dislocations are exceedingly sparse throughout the literature. Obvious radiographic or physical exam findings including fracture or inversion of the patella are often present to explain the block to reduction. Not described previously in the literature is the instance of an irreducible patella dislocation in the setting of innocuous appearing injury imaging. We present a case of a healthy thirty-two-year-old female who sustained an irreducible lateral patella dislocation while participating in a dance aerobics class. Closed means of reduction were unsuccessful, necessitating open reduction. Intraoperative findings suggest incarceration of a nondisplaced fracture and a chondral defect as the block to reduction. Following open reduction, the patient has had no further episodes of pain or instability related to the patella at one-year follow-up. Irreducible patellar dislocations are exceedingly rare injuries, where associated osseous or chondral lesions may necessitate open reduction despite innocuous appearing initial imaging. A high index of suspicion to proceed with open reduction may limit repeated attempts at closed reduction and further injury.
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Osipenko, N. E. "Case of patellar arthroplasty." Kazan medical journal 69, no. 6 (1988): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj99752.

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Knee fractures account for 1.5-2.2% of all skeletal injuries. While fractures of the patella without displacement are treated conservatively by applying a deep posterior plaster cast with a "drying" cast placed on the anterior surface of the joint, displaced fractures require surgical intervention. In the case of multiple comminuted and fractured patellar fractures with displacement, in which it is impossible to bring all fragments together using P-shaped lavsan or sutures, the best outcomes can be achieved by endoprosthesis, that is, removal of the entire fractured patella and replacing it with an endoprosthesis. In this report, we would like to share our experience with patellar endoprosthesis according to G.S. Samoilov performed for a multiaxial fracture in the hospital.
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Pinheiro, Ana Costa, Filomena Ferreira, Margarida Areias, Carolina Oliveira, Cristina Sousa, and Miguel Leal. "Injuries of Children and Young People in Sports: Stress Fractures and Fracture of the Sleeve Sleeve." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 6, no. 6_suppl3 (2018): 2325967118S0005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118s00053.

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Introduction: With the dramatic increase in the competitive sports of children and young people, overuse injuries have become more important in the pediatric population. Among these, the most frequent injuries in young athletes are stress fractures. The absence of evident traumatic history and the subtle radiographic changes can cause a diagnostic difficulty and delay the treatment. Fracture of the patella sleeve is a rare fracture only occurs in children. The diagnosis is difficult, both clinically and radiologically. High patella and hemarthrosis are important signs to diagnose this fracture. Presentation of 2 clinical cases of injuries in children and young people in sports: stress fractures and fracture of the patella sleeve. Methods: Retrospective descriptive method with reports of clinical cases based on patients’ electronic clinical processes. Results: We present a case of a child, a 13-year-old soccer practitioner who had mentioned well localized pain in the anterior aspect of the right leg with 5 days of evolution and analgesic gait and no history of trauma. The radiographs and CT showed a juxtaposed cortical lesion with apparent contact with the cortical bone without associated periosteal reaction. NMR confirmed stress fracture of the proximal tibial shaft. It was treated conservatively with immobilization with plaster and discharge. We present the case of an 11-year-old boy who suffered a fracture of the patella sleeve. In the imaging study, a fragment of bone with a displacement from the lower pole of the patella was visible. An open fracture reduction was performed. During the surgery confirmed avulsion fracture of a small osteochondral fragment, configuration of a sleeve-like fracture. The amount of cartilage was small, so it was decided to reinsert the 2 anchorages for patellar tendon. After fracture healing and rehabilitation, both returned to sports activity without sequelae or functional limitations. Discussion/Conclusion: A knowledge of the fracture of the patella sleeve, together with its clinical and radiological features, is important to avoid misdiagnosis and treatment delay. Care should be taken not to disturb the proximal tibial process. Although relatively uncommon in the pediatric age, the incidence of fractures described stress have been increasing in this age group. A high degree of suspicion is required to make the diagnosis and avoid too invasive treatment. REFERENCES Ray JM, Hendrix J. Incidence, mechanism of injury, and treatment of fractures of the patella in children. J Trauma 1992;32:464–7. Bates DG, Hresko MT, Jaramillo D. Patellar sleeve fracture: demonstration with MR imaging. Radiology 1994;193:825–7. Wu CD, Huang SC, Liu TK. Sleeve fracture of the patella in children. A report of five cases. Am J Sports Med 1991;19:525– 8. Houghton GR, Ackroyd CE. Sleeve fractures of the patella in children: a report of three cases. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1979;61:165–8. Shands PA, McQueen DA. Demonstration of avulsion fracture of the inferior pole of the patella by magnetic resonance imaging. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1995;77:1721–3. Dai LY, Zhang WM. Fractures of the patella in children. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 1999;7:243–5. Fredericson M, Bergman G, Hoffman KL, et al. Tibial stress reaction in runners: correlation of clinical symptoms and scintigraphy with a new magnetic resonance imaging grading system. Am J Sports Med 1995; 23: 472-81. Hunter-Griffin LY. Clinics in sports medicine: overuse injuries. Philadelphia (PA): W.B. Saunders, 1987. Jackson DW, Bailey D. Shin splints in the young athlete: a non-specific diagnosis. Phys Sports Med 1975; 3: 45-51.
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Miles, Rebecca, Christian Cruz, and Brian J. Mannino. "Bilateral multipartite patellae avulsions associated with a unilateral quadriceps tendon rupture." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 12 (2021): e246902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-246902.

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Multipartite (or bipartite) patella is a developmental anomaly that occurs in 2%–6% of individuals. In 50%, the variant is bilateral. Multipartite patella is usually an asymptomatic condition. Quadriceps tendon rupture is also a rare entity occurring mostly in men aged >40 years and usually results from an acute eccentric quadriceps contracture. The authors present a case of a patient with bilateral multipartite patellae that sustained bilateral multipartite avulsions as well as an associated unilateral quadriceps tendon rupture. This constellation of injuries has never been reported in the literature. The patient was treated with excision of the multipartite patella fragments and quadriceps tendon repair on the side with the extensor mechanism disruption. He was treated non-operatively for the contralateral lower extremity multipartite patella avulsion. This report, along with a thorough review of the literature, serves to demonstrate the clinical and radiographic characteristics of this unusual injury.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Patella, injuries"

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Gisslén, Karl. "The patellar tendon in junior elite volleyball players and an Olympic elite weightlifter /." Umeå : Univ, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-940.

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Jonsson, Per. "Eccentric training in the treatment of tendinopathy." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Sports Medicine, Umeå university, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-25856.

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Stok, Kathryn. "Determination of the crack propagation mechanism and fracture toughness of articular cartilage." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36140/1/36140_Stok_2001.pdf.

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The articular cartilage that is found in joints of the mammalian skeleton is prone to failure when subject to excessive or repetitive mechanical loading. Since articular cartilage protects the underlying bone from high contact stresses, it is imperative that this material remains healthy and functions correctly over a human lifetime. The onset of disease, such as osteoarthritis can severely impact the capacity of the articular cartilage to function effectively. It has been shown that although joints can withstand large loads, structural variation in the joint due to injury (via sporting injuries or incorrect use) will lead to articular cartilage damage and osteoarthritis. The cost of treating this disease in Australia is now about $624 million. With an understanding of the mechanical response of articular cartilage to load, then its relationship to osteoarthritis can be recognised. Classical fracture mechanics is used to study the failure of materials and to also design against material fracture for an assumed initial crack size. In this work the validity of classical fracture mechanics is examined for its use in understanding articular cartilage crack resistance. A miniature tensile testing machine is used together with a visual data capture system to run a series of fracture tests on articular cartilage. An artificial crack is introduced into the surface of the articular cartilage, enabling investigation of the mechanical response of the healthy tissue to structural damage. The artificial crack is wholly contained within the articular surface, and upon loading in tension propagates through the surface and midzone matrix to failure. Both mechanical stress-strain and visual data of the propagating crack is gathered and used to identify trends in the fracture response of articular cartilage. Visual observation of the cracked cartilage reveals an unorthodox crack growth mechanism, whereby there is transverse stretch of the opening crack, rather than a radial downward growth usually observed in traditional fracture mechanics. The transverse opening, c, is accompanied by a radial pulling, h, of the deep matrix, due to a fibril strain-locking effect occurring at the crack root. Further results reveal that it is in fact the fracture of the articular surface which is most important in the ability of the tissue to resist cracking, since once the articular surface has fractured the ability of the general matrix to carry the load is severely limited. The transverse stretch, c is shown to equal the upward radial pull, h. Therefore crack growth in articular cartilage can be identified by a transverse (or widening) crack configuration, along a 'wavefront' movement of the deep matrix toward the notch root. The poroelastic critical stress and critical crack length, employing the aforementioned crack configuration, are used to define poroelastic fracture toughness. The results reveal a poroelastic fracture toughness for articular cartilage, Kp1c = 1.83 (s.d 0.8) MPa ~ and Gp1c = 0.74 (s.d 0.54). This result for Gp1c compares well with the work of ChinPurcell and Lewis, who quote fracture toughness for their study of articular cartilage as J = 0.14-1.2kN/m (where J and Gp1c can be considered equivalent). This work demonstrates that classical fracture mechanics can be used to define the crack resistance of articular cartilage.
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Faraci, Vincent J. "Ground reaction force analyis [sic] of athletes with and without patellar tendinitis." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1048384.

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The purpose of this study was to examine differences in drop landing ground reaction forces between athletes with and without patellar tendinitis. Subjects included 30 recreational athletes, 15 with patellar tendinitis and 15 without. Subjects with patellar tendinitis were tested twice, before (PTI) and after (PTF) rehabilitation. The non-patellar tendinitis (NPT) group was tested once. Subjects performed three trials of a drop landing from a height of 40 cm onto the force plate. Video data was collected to determine the deepest angle of knee flexion during landing. Statistical analysis using ANOVA revealed significant differences in maximum vertical force for the initial peak, post hoc analysis revealed differences between PTI and NPT groups aswell as between PTF and NPT groups. Results indicate athletes with patellar tendinitis exhibit higher initial peak 1 VGRF than athletes without patellar tendinitis. Results indicate that athletes who consistently land with elevated peak 1 ground reaction force are more likely to develop patellar tendinitis.<br>School of Physical Education
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Draheim, Angus. "The influence of the velocity of constrained shear loading on the fracture resistance of the osteochondral region." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36157/1/36157_Draheim_2001.pdf.

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There is an increase in participation levels in sporting activities, paiticularly of the high intensity variety. With this comes an increase in joint injmies. Subchondral and interfacial tidemark injmies (osteochondral fracture) caused by high intensity activities as well as motor vehicle injures also continue to cont1ibute significantly to such joint injuries. The rate of loading is a significant contributing factor in type of injury. It is therefore important, for injury prevention and health management reasons, to establish loading rates that present a high risk of osteochondral fracture in human joints. Youth participation in high level spent and training is a relatively new phenomenon, and one of concern due to the developing musculo-skeletal systems of these athletes. Joint injuries to this subgroup can cause osteochondritis dissecans and are thought to lead later to joint conditions such as osteoarthritis. These joint conditions have heavy psychological and financial implications, and enforce a resulting burden on health services. It has already been established through clinical studies and laboratory experiments that the plane of fracture of articular cartilage is through the tidemark in mature tissues and through the osteochondral region in immature joints. This study goes on to establish the strain-rate dependence, with respect to fracture toughness, of mature and immature articular cartilage under conditions that rigorously model joint conditions. There is a pronounced, in-plane, fibrillar arTangement in the articular surface that causes localised forces to expand the articular matrix laterally. This causes high tensile stresses with the potential to fracture the continuity of the matrix and produce radial clefts, which penetrate down into the underlying matrix. It has previously been found that this is most pronounced under high velocity loading where there is insufficient time for the water to exude from the matrix. The response of articular cartilage and bone laminates to near-pure shear loading, of different loading rates was studied. Critical strain rates for fracture of the osteochondral function are identified and used to draw conclusions on the effect of high speed to impact forces on the load beating function of joints. Emphasis is given to the relationship between structural changes associated with skeletal maturity and load bearing function. C1itical strain-rate levels were established for mature and immature osteochondral tissue beyond which the matrix is liable to lose its ability to resist shear loading and fracture. A better understanding of the effect of loading speed is impo11ant for the understanding of osteochondral fractures. This insight into the role of the seve1ity of loading in the development of diseases of the osteochondral junction thereby provides significant benefit to health and sports managers, economists and medical authorities. To this end a se1ies of shear fracture tests were pe1formed on bovine laminates of articular cartilage and bone. These test were performed at several strain-rates on both mature and immature samples so as to establish a threshold loading speed beyond which little resistance is offered to fracture by the two classes of tissue. A threshold loading speed of approximately 0.5m/min was found to exist beyond which the osteochondral region's ability to resist fracture was significantly diminished. This threshold loading speed is related to the size of the tested specimens. It was not feasible in this study to conduct pure shear tests on full human joints. Therefore, the results from the small specimens tested require scaling to identify the fracture resistance and loading speed threshold for the fracture of the osteochondral junctions in complete joints. The influence of level of maturity on fracture of the osteochondral junction under sustained, predominantly pure shear, loading was found to be negligible. However, the load levels resisted towards the threshold speed were found to be lower for the immature sample.
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Mikkelsen, Christina. "Rehabilitation following bone-patellar tendon-bone graft ACL reconstruction /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-913-0/.

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Muren, Olle. "Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction : patellar tendon, gore-tex, Kennedy LAD and tibia tunnel ingrowth /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-523-9/.

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Möller, Eva. "Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone graft : postoperative intervention and influential factors for patient-relevant long-term outcome /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-198-2/.

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Leibbrandt, Dominique Claire, and Quinette Louw. "The effect of McConnell taping on knee biomechanics : what is the evidence?" Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96949.

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Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This review aims to present the available evidence for the effect of McConnell taping on knee biomechanics in individuals with Anterior Knee Pain (AKP). Pubmed, Medline, Cinahl, Sportdiscus, Pedro and Science Direct electronic databases were searched from inception until September 2014. Experimental research into knee biomechanical or EMG outcomes of McConnell taping compared to no tape or placebo tape were included. Two reviewers completed the searches, selected the full text articles and assessed the risk of bias of eligible studies. Authors were contacted for missing data. Eight heterogeneous studies with a total sample of 220 were included in this review. All of the studies had a moderate to low risk of bias and compared taping to no tape and/ or placebo tape. Pooling of data was possible for three outcomes; average knee extensor moment, average VMO/VL ratio and average VMO-VL onset timing. None of these outcomes revealed significant differences. The evidence is currently insufficient to justify the routine use of the McConnell Taping technique in the treatment of Anterior Knee Pain. There is a need for more evidence on the aetiological pathways of Anterior knee Pain; level one evidence and studies investigating other potential mechanisms of McConnell taping.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die objektief van hierdie resensie was om te bepaal wat die effekte van McConnell Patellar Vasbinding is op knie kinematika, kinetiek en spier aktivering in diegene met Voorafgaande Knie Pyn (VKP). Die navorsers het elektroniese databases soos Pubmed, Medline, Cinahl, Sportdiscus, Pedro en Science Direct, van aanvang tot September 2014, ondersoek. Eksperimenteel studie ontwerpe wat biomeganiese of EMG gevolge van McConnell Vasbinding vergelyk met geen vasbinding of placebo vasbinding, is ingesluit. Twee resente het die ondersoek voltooi, die volle tekse artikels gekies en die partydigheid risiko van die ingeslote studies, geskat. Skrywers is gekontak vir enige verlore data. Agt heterogeen studies uit ‘n totalle monster van 220 is in hierdie resensie ingesluit. Al die studies het ‘n gematigde tot laag risiko vir eensydigheid en vergelyk vasbinding met geen of placebo vasbinding. Data saamvoeging was moontlik vir drie uitslae, naamlik: gemiddelde knie ekstensor moment; gemiddelde VMO/VL ratio en gemiddelde aanval tydmeting. Geen gevolge het veelseggende verskille of afwykings vertoon. Tans is die bewys nie genoegsaam om die routiene gebruik van McConnell Vasbinding tegniek te regverdig nie in die behandeling van VKP. Meer bewyslewering op die etiologiese paaie van VKP; Graad een bewys en studies wat ander moontlike meganisme van Mc Connell Vasbinding ondersoek, is noodsaaklik.
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Cabral, Cristina Maria Nunes. ""Recuperação funcional da síndrome fêmoro-patelar: um estudo comparativo entre fortalecimento e alongamento muscular"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-16102006-163040/.

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A síndrome fêmoro-patelar (SFP) acomete adultos jovens e caracteriza-se por dor no joelho durante a realização de atividades funcionais. Os fatores etiológicos incluem o aumento do ângulo Q e desequilíbrios musculares e para seu tratamento normalmente são realizados exercícios de fortalecimento do músculo quadríceps femoral, não sendo encontradas referências quanto ao uso de alongamento muscular no reequilíbrio da articulação fêmoro-patelar. Dessa forma, os objetivos deste estudo foram comparar a eficácia de exercícios de fortalecimento do músculo quadríceps femoral e alongamento dos músculos da cadeia posterior na recuperação funcional de pacientes com SFP. Para isso, foram selecionadas 40 mulheres sedentárias com idade entre 18 e 32 anos com SFP. Antes do tratamento foram avaliados: medida da flexibilidade, do encurtamento dos músculos isquiotibiais, do ângulo Q, aplicação de escalas da capacidade funcional (escala de contagem de Lysholm e escala de avaliação para a articulação fêmoro-patelar) e eletromiografia (EMG) dos músculos vasto medial (VM), vasto lateral (VL), bíceps femoral (BF) e gastrocnêmio porção lateral (GT) durante contrações isométricas de flexão e extensão da perna. Posteriormente, os pacientes foram divididos em quatro grupos de tratamento: o Grupo 1 (G1) realizou alongamento dos músculos da cadeia posterior pela técnica de reeducação postural global, o Grupo 2 (G2) realizou alongamento segmentar dos músculos isquiotibiais e gastrocnêmio, o Grupo 3 (G3) fortaleceu o músculo quadríceps femoral em cadeia cinética aberta e o Grupo 4 (G4) fortaleceu o mesmo músculo em cadeia cinética fechada, ambos com aumento progressivo da carga. Antes e após cada sessão de tratamento, as pacientes preenchiam a intensidade da dor no joelho numa escala visual analógica. O tratamento durou oito semanas com freqüência de duas vezes semanais. As variáveis obtidas antes e após o tratamento para cada grupo foram analisadas pelo teste de Wilcoxon e entre os grupos pela Anova e teste de Duncan ou Anova de Friedman ou Manova (&#945; < 0,05). Comparando as variáveis antes e após o tratamento, os resultados mostram que a intensidade da dor apresentou melhora significante no G1 e G3 e o ângulo Q diminuiu no G1 e G2. Para a atividade EMG, o músculo VM não sofreu alteração após o tratamento, o músculo VL aumentou no G2 e G3, o músculo BF aumentou apenas no G3 e o músculo GT aumentou no G3 e G4. Em todos os grupos, as escalas mostram melhora da capacidade funcional, diminuição do encurtamento dos músculos isquiotibiais e aumento da flexibilidade. Entre os grupos, o G1 tendeu a apresentar maior flexibilidade, o G4 maior atividade EMG do músculo BF, enquanto o G1 e G3 mostraram maior ativação do músculo GT. Os dados sugerem que os exercícios de alongamento muscular, em especial o global, também devem ser indicados no tratamento de pacientes com SFP, principalmente nas fases iniciais, onde se objetiva uma redução efetiva da intensidade da dor. Além disso, também possibilitou maior realinhamento do joelho (redução do ângulo Q) e aumento da flexibilidade, o que pode facilitar o fortalecimento muscular.<br>The patellofemoral syndrome (PFS) affects young adults and is characterized by knee pain during functional activities. PFS etiology includes bigger Q angle and muscular imbalances. For treatment, quadriceps femoris strengthening are normally performed, but we were unable to locate documentation about the application of stretching exercises in the patellofemoral joint rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of quadriceps femoris muscle strengthening and posterior chain stretching exercises in the functional recovery of PFS patients. Forty female nonathletes aged between 18 and 32 years old were recruited. Before treatment, it was measured: flexibility, hamstring tightness, Q angle, functional injury level of the knee by the application of questionnaires and electromyography (EMG) of the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF) and lateral gastrocnemius(LG) muscles during isometric contractions of leg flexion and extension. After this initial evaluation, patients were divided into four treatment groups: Group 1 (G1) performed posterior chain global stretching exercises, Group 2 (G2) segmentary stretching exercises of hamstring and gastrocnemius muscles, Group 3 (G3) quadriceps femoris strengthening exercises in open kinetic chain and Group 4 (G4) quadriceps femoris strengthening exercises in closed kinetic chain, with progressively resistance increases. This treatment lasted eight weeks, twice a week. Before and after each treatment session, the visual analogue scale accessed pain intensity. The data obtained before and after treatment for all groups were analyzed by Wilcoxon test, and the data between groups by Anova and Duncan test or Friedman Anova or Manova (&#945; < 0.05). Comparing the data before and after treatment, the results showed a significant improvement in pain intensity in G1 and G3 and a decreased Q angle in G1 and G2. For the EMG activity, VM muscle activity was not modified after treatment, VL activity increased in G2 and G3, BF activity increased only in G3 and LG activity increased in G3 and G4. Between groups, G1 showed greatest flexibility, G4 greatest EMG activity of BF muscle, while G1 and G3 showed greatest activity of LG muscle. Based on these results, we suggest that stretching exercises, specifically in global modality, can be prescribed in PFS treatment, especially in its initial phases, for an effective reduction of pain intensity. Moreover, this treatment caused a knee alignment (by reducing Q angle)and flexibility improvement, which may facilitate muscular strengthening.
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Books on the topic "Patella, injuries"

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R, Scuderi Giles, ed. The Patella. Springer-Verlag, 1995.

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Jenny, McConnell, ed. The patella: A team approach. Aspen Publishers, 1998.

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Grelsamer, Ronald P. The Patella: A team approach. Pro-Ed, 2007.

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Che di tu jie yao bu, xi gai teng tong: Wan quan zhi yu shen ti shang wan gu de teng tong = Waist, knee. Feng shu fang wen hua chu ban she, 2010.

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A, Buuck David, and Post William R, eds. Disorders of the patellofemoral joint. 3rd ed. Williams & Wilkins, 1997.

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Fulkerson, John P. Disorders of the patellofemoral joint. 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004.

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1938-, Hungerford David S., and Ficat R. Paul, eds. Disorders of the patellofemoral joint. 2nd ed. Williams & Wilkins, 1990.

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Sanchis-Alfonso, Vicente. Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability. Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011.

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Insall, J. N., L. V. Kibiuk, and Giles R. Scuderi. Patella. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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The Patella. Springer My Copy UK, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Patella, injuries"

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Oestern, Hans-Jörg. "Patella Fractures." In Bone and Joint Injuries. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38388-5_23.

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Daniel, Kayla E., and Anastasia N. Fischer. "Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee (Femoral Condyle and Patella)." In Common Pediatric Knee Injuries. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55870-3_30.

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Brucker, Peter U., and Andreas B. Imhoff. "Patellar Tendinopathy." In Sports Injuries. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36569-0_68.

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Brucker, Peter U., and Andreas B. Imhoff. "Patellar Tendinopathy." In Sports Injuries. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36801-1_68-1.

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Karaoğlu, Sinan, Ugur Haklar, and Fatih Karaaslan. "Patellar Dislocations: Overview." In Sports Injuries. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36569-0_124.

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Karaoğlu, Sinan, Uğur Haklar, and Fatih Karaaslan. "Patellar Dislocation: Overview." In Sports Injuries. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36801-1_124-1.

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Coari, Giancarlo C., Filippo Troiani, Alessandro Tripodo, and Francesco Miele. "Patellar Instability." In Arthroscopy and Sport Injuries. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14815-1_45.

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Ulmer, Clinton J., and Nathaniel S. Nye. "Patellar Contusion." In Common Pediatric Knee Injuries. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55870-3_7.

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Doral, Mahmut Nedim, Egemen Turhan, Gazi Huri, et al. "Arthroscopic Patellar Instability Surgery." In Sports Injuries. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36569-0_125.

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Doral, Mahmut Nedim, Egemen Turhan, Gürhan Dönmez, et al. "Arthroscopic Patellar Instability Surgery." In Sports Injuries. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15630-4_81.

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Conference papers on the topic "Patella, injuries"

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Mustafy, Tanvir, Marwan El-Rich, Kamrul Islam, and Samer Adeeb. "Finite Element Analysis of the Patellofemoral Joint Behavior Under Frontal Impact." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80924.

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Lower extremity injuries are a frequent outcome of automobile accidents (Fildes et al., 1997). These injuries can be a cause of permanent disability and impairment (States, 1986). Luchter and Walz (1995) found that the lower extremity was the most frequently injured body region, comprising 27.8% of the injuries in the 1993 National Accident Sampling System (NASS) database. Patella and femur fractures are the most frequent knee injuries.
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Kim, Yong Sun, Hyeong Ho Choi, Young Nam Cho, et al. "A Parametric Study on Injuries to the Knee-Thigh-Hip Complex Using a Three-Dimensional FE Model of the Human Body and Knee Airbag." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81231.

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Although extensive biomechanical studies have been conducted on the knee-thigh-hip (KTH) complex to improve our understanding of its injury mechanisms, injury risks to the KTH complex due to the knee airbag have not been characterized so far. In this study, a detailed three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model of a 50th percentile male KTH complex was integrated into a previously developed torso model and used to simulate frontal crashes with and without a generic knee airbag. The FE model of the KTH complex explicitly represented the ilium, ischium, sacrum, articular cartilage, femoral head, femoral neck, femoral shaft, femoral condyles, patella, patella tendon, and the rest of the leg. The Design of Experiments (DOE) method based on Taguchi’s approach was adopted in this study. The three vehicular interior design parameters considered were knee airbag pressure, knee airbag volume and impact speed. Each of these parameters were assigned three design levels to simulated to predict their respective effects on the potential of KTH injury in a frontal impact.
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DeVries, Nicole A., Matthew J. Bollier, and Nicole M. Grosland. "Affect of Attachment Site on Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction: A Finite Element Analysis." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14164.

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Bony anatomy, soft tissue restraints, and the dynamic action of the quadriceps all play a role in maintaining patellar stability throughout knee motion. The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the main soft tissue restraint to lateral translation of the patella, and helps guide the patella into the trochlear groove during the first 30° of knee flexion [1]. Studies have shown that the MPFL is the most consistently injured anatomical structure after acute lateral patellar dislocation [2]. Due to the high rate of recurrent episodes of instability following conservative management of acute lateral patellar dislocation, a number of bony and soft tissue procedures have been described to restore patellar stability, including MPFL reconstruction [2].
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Saboori, Parisa, and Margarita Corado. "Performance of Prophylactic Knee Brace." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11789.

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Abstract Female athletes are more likely to incur a knee injury compared to men when competing in the same sport. The increased risk is due to anatomical, biomechanical and hormonal differences between males and females. Women anatomically, have wider hips and this creates a greater quadriceps angle, which is the angle measured between the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), and a line that passes through the tibia trubercle and the middle of the patella (kneecap). Consequently, when landing after a jump, or making sudden movement, women tend to turn their feet inwards to compensate for a greater bending moment and this can result in knee injuries. This work involved using a prophylactic brace to retrain the muscle memory of the leg and thereby promote correct landing technique. The brace geometry was based on data collected from 20 previous women athletes and was 3D printed using ABS to allow some basic customization. However, even though the results were somewhat promising, they were statistically inconclusive due to unforeseen braced design issues. Consequently, a new brace will be redesigned using the feedback from the participants and a new study will be undertaken.
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Woo, Savio L. Y., Matthew B. Fisher, and Alejandro J. Almarza. "Regeneration of Ligaments and Tendons With ECM Bioscaffolds." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68870.

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Ligaments and tendons of the knee are subjected to large loads during sports and work related activities, and thus, are frequently injured. For the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL), there are over 100,000 and 50,000 annual tears, respectively, in the United States alone. As a torn ACL has limited healing potential, surgical reconstruction using autograft replacements, such as the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) as well as the quadrupled semitendinosus and gracilis tendons, are performed in a large number of patients to restore knee stability. In spite of the over 25 years of experience, knee extension deficits and many long term complications associated with the BPTB autograft, including the progression of osteoarthritis, are serious post-surgical problems. Additionally, there are complications associated with donor site morbidity, anterior knee pain, arthrofibrosis, and inferior biomechanical properties of the patellar tendon (PT). In the case of MCL injuries, functional treatment is sufficient for rapid tissue healing; however, the neo-MCL is known to have significantly inferior tissue quality compared to the intact MCL, and the remodeling process can take years. Thus, it presents an increased chance for reinjury.
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Gilday, Steven D., Chris Casstevens, Jason T. Shearn, and David L. Butler. "Analysis of Regional Strain Patterns Following Surgical Disruption of the Enthesis in a Murine Model of Patellar Tendon Injury." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14569.

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Tendon injuries are common yet often fail to heal naturally, especially in cases in which the native tendon-to-bone insertion site is disrupted. Surgical tendon repairs are often limited by the inability of the ruptured tendon to functionally attach back to the underlying bone. For patients with tendon injuries, poor tendon-to-bone integration prolongs recovery time and increases the risk of re-rupture. Improvements in tendon repair will require a more complete understanding of both the biological and mechanical phenomena that occur during natural tendon-to-bone healing. Mechanical studies of tendon repair often utilize larger animal models such as rabbits or canines, but these animals lack many of the genetic and biological tools that are available in the mouse. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the biomechanical outcomes of natural tendon-to-bone healing following surgical disruption of the enthesis in a murine model of patellar tendon injury. In particular, this study attempted to define the regional (insertion site versus midsubstance) strain patterns present in normal tendon and compare these patterns to those seen at various stages of healing following a central-third patellar tendon avulsion injury. We hypothesized that 1) murine patellar tendon avulsions would exhibit inferior structural properties compared to contralateral shams and normal controls and 2) insertional strains would greatly exceed midsubstance strains in the healing tendons, resulting in failure initiation at the tendon-bone junction.
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Dyment, Nathaniel A., Namdar Kazemi, Lindsey E. Aschbacher-Smith, et al. "The Relationships Among Spatiotemporal Gene Expression, Histology, and Biomechanics Following Full-Length Injury in the Murine Patellar Tendon." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53622.

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Tendon and ligament injuries present a considerable socioeconomic impact as close to 50% of the 32 million musculoskeletal injuries in the US per year include these structures [1]. The inadequate healing in these tissues requires novel treatment modalities. Improving tendon tissue engineering dictates that we better understand the process of natural adult tendon healing. Type-I (Col1) and Type-II (Col2) collagens are important structural proteins in tendon as Col1 is the main collagen type found in the tendon midsubstance while Col2 is expressed at the insertion into bone during development, growth, and healing [2–3]. Expression of Col1 and Col2 has typically been analyzed via qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) during healing. However, the temporal expression of these genes is still poorly understood on a cell-by-cell basis. Our lab has previously studied patellar tendon (PT) healing in NZW rabbits [4]. While the NZW rabbit allows for controlled injuries and accurate biomechanical assessment of healing, it lacks the genetic power that is offered in the mouse. Therefore, pOBCo13.6GFPtpz (Col1) and pCol2ECFP (Col2) double transgenic (DT) reporter mice were created to track spatiotemporal gene expression. Thus, the objectives of this study were to monitor changes in: 1) spatiotemporal Col1 and Col2 gene expression patterns, 2) tissue morphology, and 3) healing biomechanics following a full-length, central PT injury in Col1/Col2 DT mice and to compare these natural healing results to contralateral surgical shams and normal PT in age-matched controls.
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Jain, Abhishek, Kirsten R. C. Kinneberg, Victor S. Nirmalanandhan, et al. "Regulation of Tendon Tissue Engineered Construct Stiffness by Culture Time, Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Mechanical Stimulation." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206775.

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More than 57.2 million episodes of musculoskeletal injuries were recorded in 2004 in the United States, costing the US economy more than $254 billion [1, 2]. Approximately 45% of these are tendon, ligament and joint capsule related injuries [3]. Tissue engineering approaches have emerged as an attractive alternative to conventional and oftentimes ineffective treatment methods. Implanting MSC-seeded collagen tissue engineered constructs (TECs) in the central defects of patellar tendon (PT) has significantly improved repair biomechanics compared to natural healing as well as acellular repairs in the rabbit model [4, 5]. Mechanically stimulating these MSC-collagen TECs further improved repair outcome, and TEC stiffness at the time of surgery positively correlated with and predicted repair stiffness twelve weeks after surgery [6, 7]. Although these improvements were observed twelve weeks after surgery, repairs were still not strong enough to withstand forces that might arise during more strenuous activities.
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Juncosa-Melvin, Natalia, Karl S. Matlin, Robert W. Holdcraft, Victor S. Nirmalanandhan, and David L. Butler. "Mechanical Stimulation Increases Collagen Type I and Collagen Type III Gene Expression of Stem Cell: Collagen Sponge Constructs for Patellar Tendon Repair." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175807.

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Tendons (rotator cuff, Achilles and patellar tendons) are among the most commonly injured soft tissues [1]. Many repairs/reconstructions have been attempted using sutures, resorbable biomaterials, autografts, and allografts, but with varying success. A tissue engineered repair using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is attractive [2–4] but often lacks initial stiffness and strength [5].
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Juncosa-Melvin, Natalia, Jason T. Shearn, Marc T. Galloway, Gregory P. Boivin, Cynthia Gooch, and David L. Butler. "Effect of Mechanical Stimulation on the Biomechanics of Stem Cell: Collagen Sponge Constructs for Patellar Tendon Repair." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175814.

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Tendons (rotator cuff, Achilles and patellar tendons) are among the most commonly injured soft tissues [1]. Many techniques for repair/reconstruction have been attempted (e.g. sutures, resorbable biomaterials, autografts, and allografts) with varying success. A tissue engineered repair using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is and attractive option [2–4] but the stiffness and strength of currently available constructs are insufficient for clinical use [6].
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