To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Paternity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Paternity'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Paternity.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hryschenko, O. V. "Arguable paternity inventions." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45491.
Full textAbstract:
Invention is a new scientific or technical idea, and the means of its embodiment and accomplishment. To be patentable, any invention must have utility and its idea needs to be proved as workable. Only economically feasible inventions, that satisfy specific needs can be called innovations. Invention is intellectual property so it is protected by the law with patents.
2
Millar, Paul. "Non-paternity in Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65045.pdf.
Full text
3
Haraway, Robert Cyrus. "Dehn paternity bounds and hyperbolicity tests." Thesis, Boston College, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104228.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: George R. MeyerhoffRecent advances in normal surface algorithms enable the determination by computer of the hyperbolicity of compact orientable 3-manifolds with zero Euler characteristic and nonempty boundary. Recent advances in hyperbolic geometry enable the determination by computer of the Dehn paternity relation between two orientable compact hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Presented here is an exposition of these developments, along with prototype implementations of one of these determinations in software. These have applications to two questions about Mom technology
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2015
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Mathematics
4
Hill, Dorothy Phyllis. "The influence of actual paternity and assessment of paternity on the parental care of male Chestnut-collared Longspurs, Calcarius ornatus." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq24539.pdf.
Full text
5
Billot, Jennifer l. "Paternity Test: Finding a Director’s Voice for Father." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1848.
Full textAbstract:
The following thesis is a brief view of the production process of Theatre UNO’s Spring 2014 production of the Tennessee William’s New Orleans Literary Festival One-Act play competition 2013 winner, Father. This thesis will include analysis, production book, documentation from the production, and an evaluation of the process of putting this production on stage. The play was performed in New Orleans, Louisiana at the University of New Orleans, Performing Arts Center Robert E Nims Lab Theatre on February 11th- 16th, 2014.
6
Chapman, Stephanie. "Grillparzer, The Enlightener: Displaced Paternity in GrillParzer's Works." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22671.
Full textAbstract:
DISSERTATION ABSTRACT
Stephanie Fritsch Chapman
Doctor of Philosophy
German and Scandinavian
June 2017
Title: Grillparzer, the Enlightener: Displaced Paternity in Grillparzer’s Works
It is my intention to bring to light nuances of Grillparzer’s work that reflect the ambivalent conflation of formal and stylistic elements of the Enlightenment and the Baroque, which, in turn, foreshadow the continual displacement of both paternity and the patriarchy in the decades following the French Revolution. I define “ambivalent conflation” as follows: a fluctuating, sometimes contradictory approach toward a set of concepts that are brought, simultaneously, into unity and opposition with one another. This is symptomatic—at least in part—of Grillparzer's attempts to reconcile elements of the Baroque dramas after which he fashioned much of his work with his own idealism of Enlightenment ideologies, and, particularly, with Lessing's humanism and his position regarding religious tolerance. The subtle variations on the theme of paternal displacement manifest themselves in the following ways: 1) fathers who serve as such either through namesake, mentorship, or ideological and intellectual inspiration; 2) father figures who exist as such through extended family relationships, such as the figure of the father-in-law; and 3) father figure representations that exist in dream symbolism. In many of Grillparzer’s lyrical works as well as in his novellas and dramas, these forms of paternal displacement mirror conflicts and issues in Grillparzer’s own life, including his emotionally symbiotic relationship with his mother, his obsessional personality traits, and his prescient reflections on topics that would become central to modern psychoanalysis.
7
Krumsee, Kirstin L. "Joyce, Shakespeare, and paternity in Ulysses and Finnegans wake." Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/28457.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 30 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-30). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
8
Salvati-Debut, Danièle. "Paternité et auteurs de violence conjugale : l'engagement paternel dans un contexte de violence conjugale." Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H017.
Full textAbstract:
Notre recherche s’intéresse à la paternité des auteurs de violence conjugale. Rares sont les études consacrées à cette thématique. Le protocole utilisé est pluri-méthodologique : il s’articule autour d’une double perspective de la paternité : quantitative et qualitative. La paternité est étudiée sous l’angle de l’engagement paternel afin de quantifier l’activité parentale selon diverses dimensions. Le sentiment de compétence éducative parentale, déterminant significatif de l’engagement paternel, est aussi évalué. Les déterminants suivants : la transition de la conjugalité à la paternité, la coparentalité et le modèle relationnel au père durant l’enfance sont appréhendés durant l’approche qualitative. Cette démarche va également permettre de cerner la perception de la paternité et du rôle parental des participants.Notre échantillon est constitué de 84 pères : 42 pères auteurs de violence conjugale et 42 pères non violents. Deux questionnaires sont utilisés : un sur l’auto-évaluation de la compétence éducative parentale et un autre sur l’engagement paternel. Un entretien semi-dirigé est ensuite proposé. Les résultats révèlent que les pères auteurs de violence conjugale présente un engagement paternel inférieur aux autres pères. Le sentiment de compétence parentale n’est pas à l’origine de ce résultat car aucune différence entre les deux groupes de père n’est trouvée. Le discours des pères auteurs de violence conjugale met en exergue une phase de périnatalité difficile, un rôle parental accès sur l’autorité, une coparentalité conflictuelle : une paternité en souffrance en lien avec un vécu traumatique de violence intrafamiliale durant l’enfanceOur research focuses on the authorship of perpetrators of domestic violence. Few studies have been devoted to this topic. The protocol used is multi-methodological: it revolves around a double perspective of authorship: quantitative and qualitative. Fatherhood is studied from the angle of father involvement in order to quantify parental activity according to various dimensions. The feeling of parental educational competence, a significant determinant of father involvement, is also assessed. The following determinants: the transition from conjugality to fatherhood, co-parenting and the relationship model to the father during childhood are understood during the qualitative approach. This will also help to identify the perception of paternity and parenting of participants.Our sample consists of 84 fathers: 42 fathers perpetrating domestic violence and 42 non-violent fathers. Two questionnaires are used: one on self-assessment of parenting skills and another on father involvement. A semi-structured interview is then offered. The results reveal that fathers who commit domestic violence have a lower father involvement than other fathers. The feeling of parental competence is not at the origin of this result because no difference between the two groups of father is found. The speech of fathers who are perpetrators of conjugal violence highlights a difficult perinatal phase, a parental role, access to authority, a conflicting co-parenting: a suffering paternity linked to a traumatic experience of intra-family violence during childhood
9
Villarroel, Morris Ricardo. "Copulatory behaviour and paternity in solitary- and colony-nesting kestrels." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0014/NQ30410.pdf.
Full text
10
Villarroel, Morris Ricardo. "Copulatory behaviour and paternity in solitary- and colony-nesting kestrels." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34476.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis, I analysed the mating behaviour of the solitary-nesting American kestrel (Falco sparverius) in southern Quebec (Canada) and the colony-nesting lesser kestrel (F. naumanni) in Aragon (Spain). DNA fingerprinting of 26 families of lesser kestrels revealed that 3.4% of nestlings were extra-pair, which may have arisen through either extra-pair copulation or mate replacement. Two nestlings in two different nests were also the result of intraspecific brood parasitism. DNA fingerprinting of 21 American kestrel families showed that all the nestlings in two nests were extra-pair (10% extra-pair young overall), most probably due to mate replacement.I analysed the mating behaviour of both species in two studies with a similar aim, i.e. to test why mated pairs copulate so frequently. Sixteen pairs of wild American kestrels and 12 pairs of "solitary" lesser kestrels (14 nests per 0.3 km$ sp2)$ were analysed in terms of four hypotheses that explain high frequency of within-pair copulations both outside and during the fertile period. First the Paternity Assurance Hypothesis, i.e. males control timing and frequency of copulations to best assure fertilization, was rejected because extra-pair copulation attempts were low in both species ($<$1% of all copulations observed), within-pair copulation frequencies did not increase with nest density in the lesser kestrel, and copulation and mate attendance did not increase as the fertile period approached. Second, the Immediate Material Benefits Hypothesis, i.e. females trade copulations for food, was refuted because copulation most often occurred without food transfers. Third, the Female Mate-Guarding of Males Hypothesis, i.e. females distract their mates from other mating opportunities by copulating frequently, was rejected because male loss was low, males and females solicited similar amounts of copulations, and females did not differ in the timing or frequency of solicitations. Finally, the Mate Assessment Hypothesis, i.e. assessment of mate quality is mediated by copulation, most closely predicted the behaviour observed since within-pair copulation was high outside the fertile period and during pair formation in both species.
11
SOUZA, BERNARDO ANTÔNIO ALMEIDA PINTO DE. "ARCHETYPES OF THE FATHER: THE PATERNITY AND MASCULINE IN TRANSFORMATION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=27714@1.
Full textAbstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Na composição familiar, o papel do pai foi um dos que mais se transformou ao longo dos últimos anos. Nesta dissertação, propomos uma investigação acerca das mudanças pelas quais passaram e ainda passam os homens e pais na pós-modernidade. Para tanto, nos servimos do arcabouço teórico da Psicologia Analítica de C. G. Jung. Dentro desta linha teórica, destacamos principalmente os arquétipos masculinos e o arquétipo do pai, os quais muitas vezes se confundem, bem como suas manifestações diferenciadas nos dias de hoje. De modo análogo, ponderamos os estatutos da persona e da sombra no pai da modernidade e no pai da atualidade. A ideia de pai já existia de forma inconsciente antes do entendimento da paternidade física. A paternidade, entendida como uma invenção social, é uma atribuição específica do homem, enquanto a maternidade é específica da mulher. Foi necessário fazer o contraponto entre masculino e feminino, entre patriarcado e matriarcado, assim como paternidade e maternidade, pois tais temas se mostram profundamente entrelaçados. Além disso, recorremos à mitologia e aos rituais descritos em estudos antropológicos para auxiliar no entendimento da antiguidade destas questões. Haja vista a ocorrência de uma relativização dos arquétipos masculinos na cultura atual, propomos a discussão do conceito de novo pai e se este poderia ser considerado como um novo símbolo do masculino no campo da paternidade.
In family composition, the role of the father was one of the most has been transformed over the past few years. In this dissertation, we propose an investigation into the changes that have gone and still go men and fathers in postmodernity. In order to do this, we took the theoretical framework of the Analytical Psychology of C.G. Jung. Within this theoretical line, we include mainly masculine archetypes and archetype of the father, which often overlap, as well as their different manifestations today. Similarly, we ponder the statutes of the persona and the shadow of his father and the father of modernity today. The idea of father has existed before unconsciously understanding of physical paternity. Fatherhood, understood as a social invention is a specific allocation of man, while maternity is specific of the woman. It was necessary to make the contrast between masculine and feminine, between patriarchy and matriarchy, between fatherhood and motherhood, because such issues are deeply intertwined show. Furthermore, we resort to the mythology and rituals described by the anthropological studies to facilitate the understanding of ancient studies of these issues. Given the occurrence of a relativization of masculine archetypes in the current culture, we propose to discuss the concept of new father and whether this could be considered as a new symbol of the masculine in the field of fatherhood.
12
Park, Malcolm McKenzie. "Probability and paternity : the utility of probability theory in the legal determination of facts in issue with particular reference to the resolution of paternity disputes /." Connect to thesis, 1986. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001856.
Full text
13
Marshall, Rupert Charles. "Song, paternity and genetic diversity in the sedge warbler, Acrocephalus schoenobaenus." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246800.
Full text
14
Ahmed, Amany Mahmoud. "The application of short tandem repeats to paternity testing in Egypt." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340294.
Full text
15
Mathias, Steffan Idris Mano. "Paternity, progeny, and perpetuation : creating lives after death in the Hebrew Bible." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/paternity-progeny-and-perpetuation(f4d12f96-f9da-4a0e-b72b-7c72718a2881).html.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores texts that offer responses to men (as opposed to women) dying without sons (as opposed to daughters). It will investigate how identity, covenant, name, property and seed are passed down from father to son, and establish both the post-mortem continuity of the man and the social reproduction of the בית אב , the house of the father. Using the work of Foucault as well as anthropological insights, this thesis will look at eight texts which respond to the threat of men dying without sons - Gen 19, Gen 38, Deut 25:5-10, Ruth, 2 Sam 14:1-24, 2 Sam 18:18, Isa 56:3-5 and Num 27, 36 – and instead of reading them as reflections of different institutions (such as Levirate Marriage, inheritance law, or household religion) will demonstrate how they are reflective of a particular discourse. Ancient Israelite and Judahite beliefs about death, burial and memorial will be explored as a context to the fears of social annihilation apparent in these texts. The name, the seed, property, inheritance, reproduction and genealogy, all ideas present in these texts in different ways, will then be reassessed to demonstrate how they, rather than being disparate ideas, form part of the same symbolic ways of thinking, in which the integrity of the family is protected and passed down through generations of descendants. It will then be shown how these texts construct men as transmitters of identity and women as submissive counterparts. The failure to protect the transmission of the family line is both a failure in masculinity, the male, and the social order, and leads to the eradication of the name and memory of the man, and so these must be responded to through actions such as Levirate Marriage and the erection of monuments.
16
Ravi, Vaishali L. "Cultural Assessment of Paternity Leave in France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the USA." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/684.
Full textAbstract:
Parental leave schemes across the developed world are becoming increasingly more relevant in women’s decision to participate or remain in the labor market. France, Belgium and Luxembourg have very different but relatively effective parental leave schemes. A distinguishing factor in their policies is their emphasis on paternal participation. Through increased paternity leave rights, all three countries have come to better support women in the workplace and in the household. The US is the only country in the OECD that does not offer any form of paid maternity leave, let alone paternity leave. By outlining the historical and cultural context of women in all four nations including work and family habits, I will assess the nature of each policy. I find that culture and tradition play a big role is women’s decision to participate in the labor market. I uncover some of the benefits of the addition of paternity leave is in its respective country based on the female labor force participation rate and the wage gap among other indicators. Using France, Belgium and Luxembourg as case studies, I outline the benefits the US forgoes by excluding paternity leave.
17
Berrigan, Miranda N. "Predictors of Maternity and Paternity Leave: More than Access to Paid Leave?" The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543252374907467.
Full text
18
Leech, David Ian. "Brood sex ratio, parentage and parental investment in the blue tit, Parus caeruleus." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288880.
Full text
19
Munshi-South, Jason. "Asocial monogamy, extra-pair paternity, and dispersal in the large treeshrew (Tupaia tana)." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3467.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Behavior, Ecology, Evolution and Systematics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
20
Barber, Colleen Anne. "Determinants of extra-pair paternity in the socially monogamous tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq20549.pdf.
Full text
21
Blanchard, Katrina C. "The mechanism of the dart's influence on paternity in the snail, Cantareus aspersus /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97909.
Full textAbstract:
The courtship behavior of the brown garden snail, Cantareus aspersus , includes a bizarre component where one snail attempts to pierce its mating partner with a sharp, calcareous dart that is covered with mucus. In vitro, the mucus causes conformational changes to the reproductive tract causing sperm to be stored rather than digested. In addition, successful dart shooters have an increased relative paternity compared to unsuccessful shooters. I have tested whether this increased paternity is caused by the mucus delivered on the dart or by the mechanical action of the dart. Mating trials were conducted using dartless and glandless snails, where a future mother was mated to two different potential fathers, receiving an injection of mucus with one mating, and an injection of saline with the second mating. The fathers accompanied by the mucus injection sired significantly more offspring than the fathers accompanied by the saline injection. I conclude that the mucus carried on the dart is responsible for increased paternity levels in Cantareus aspersus.
22
d'Orgeix, Christian A. "Multiple paternity and the breeding biology of the red-eyed treefrog, Agalychnis callidryas." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37979.
Full text
23
D'Orgeix, Christian A. "Multiple paternity and the breeding biology of the red-eyed treefrog, Agalychnis callidryas /." This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-151103/.
Full text
24
Sertedaki, Amalia. "Study of hypervariable regions and CpG islands in human genomic DNA." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238783.
Full text
25
Franchini, Daniele. "Artificial reproduction survey in male European eels Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus 1758) by paternity assignment." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Find full textAbstract:
The European eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) is a critically endangered species whose survival in the wild is largely threatened by human activity. In addition, this vertebrate's unique ecology and biology make it even more vulnerable, and the IUCN listed A. anguilla as severely endangered on the Red List of Threatened Species. In this scenario, captive breeding can represent a significative help for the species' future and many efforts have been dedicated to the artificial reproduction. Ten years ago, dedicated research programs on A. anguilla artificial reproduction started at the DIMEVET (Bologna University). In 2020, based on parentage assignment, some lights were thrown on the reproductive performance in semi-natural conditions. The present study aims to verify if the artificial mixing of male and female gametes would lead to different results in males’ fertilization rates, improving the final rate of genetic variability. We analysed six successful reproduction events. 22 adults and 258 larvae were genotyped by 10 specie-specific microsatellite loci and paternity was allocated to 250 larvae, with a rate of success in parentage assignment of 94%. Even if a locus had to be discarded from the data set for technical reasons, this high rate in allocation success accounts for the good resolution power of the remaining nine loci (mean PIC 0.812).
In each reproduction we observed a single male who contributed with 40-70% of the offspring generated, two subordinate males who contributed with 10-30% of the F1 and an “ineffective” one which contributed with 8% or less to F1. This result is homologous to the previous results in semi-natural conditions. The presence of a similar pattern of fertilization rate by different males in both studies, suggest that the behavioural component is unlikely to be the cause of the offspring generation disparity, and other explanations should be considered, like sperm quality and factors that would impact on it.
26
Eyles, Jonti. "Validation and database generation of 100 canine microsatellite profiles for crime and paternity testing." Thesis, Eyles, Jonti (2019) Validation and database generation of 100 canine microsatellite profiles for crime and paternity testing. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2019. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/54329/.
Full textAbstract:
Almost two in five Australian households have dogs, subsequently, canine biological evidence is often part of the physical evidence found at crime scenes. The genetic analysis of canine biological material can provide valuable links between suspects, victims and crime scenes, aiding investigations. However, as canine DNA evidence has been underutilised in forensic casework, a validated Western Australian canine microsatellite database is non-existent. Therefore, by employing a commercial canine STR kit, a Western Australian canine population database can be created containing allele frequencies, thus permitting the statistical weighting of evidence. The generation of the database will enable reliable interpretation of canine biological evidence for forensic casework.
27
Finamori, Sabrina 1981. "Os sentidos da paternidade = dos "pais desconhecidos" ao exame de DNA." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280378.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Heloisa Andre PontesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T02:55:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Finamori_Sabrina_D.pdf: 2705106 bytes, checksum: 6f7646a2465cf91ce20eae2a6af0e655 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: Esta tese analisa a partir das narrativas de vida de filhos que buscam contemporaneamente pelo reconhecimento legal do pai biológico, como os sentidos da paternidade são constituídos, significados ou ressignificados nessas experiências particulares, questionando ao mesmo tempo como paternidade, filiação e conjugalidade se constituem mutuamente como categorias e práticas sociais a partir das alterações nas leis e nas técnicas de investigação de paternidade ao longo do século XX. Ao recuperar os pontos nodais de mudança nas leis e nas técnicas, o objetivo não é tanto fornecer um pano de fundo histórico, mas analisar como as concepções presentes nas leis (e suas alterações ao longo do tempo) reverberam no modo pelo qual os sujeitos concebem suas relações atuais ou, ainda, na avaliação que fazem sobre o próprio passado. Assim, ao direcionar a atenção para narrativas de pessoas que desejam obter o reconhecimento legal de paternidade, a presente pesquisa discute o modo como os filhos, enquanto agentes dessa ação, atribuem sentidos à busca pelo pai e, conseqüentemente, à paternidade e à família. A partir de narrativas centradas na infância, na ausência do pai, no processo de busca pelo pai, nas relações presentes e nas expectativas futuras busquei analisar, ainda, como categorias, terminologias e práticas de parentesco, construídas historicamente, acionadas e delineadas cotidianamente nas relações, apareciam nas formas particulares pelas quais a busca pela paternidade poderia ser significada
Abstract: The present thesis analyses the life narratives of children that have searched at the present for the legal recognition of the biological father in order for us to understand how the meanings of fatherhood are constituted, are signified and re-signified in these particular experiences, questioning at the same time how paternity, filiation, and conjugality are mutually constituted as categories and social practices from the alterations in the laws and in the techniques of investigation of paternity during the twentieth century. As we recovered the nodal points of change in the laws and in the techniques, the aim is not much to offer a historical background, but to analyze how the conceptions present in the laws (and in their alterations along the time) can reverberate in the way by which the subjects conceive their actual relationships or, still, in the evaluation they make about their own past. Then, in guiding the attention to the narratives of people who desire to gain the legal recognition of paternity, the present research discusses the way the children attribute meanings to the quest for their fathers, and, consequently, to the paternity and to the family. Starting from narratives centered in the childhood, in the father's absence, in the process of searching for the father, in the actual relationships, and in the future expectations, I sought to analyze how categories, kinship terminologies and practices, constructed historically, set in motion and delineated on a day by day basis in the relationships, showed up in the particular forms by which the quest for fatherhood could make sense
Doutorado
Ciencias Sociais
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
28
Brauch, Katrin. "Male and female reproductive strategies in relation to paternity outcome in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus)." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2007.
Find full text
29
Lowerson, Rachel. "Doubtful fathers? : the origins and practice of paternity establishment policy within the Child Support Agency." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1650.
Full textAbstract:
The development and controversial history of the United Kingdom Child Support scheme has been the focus of a substantial corpus of research. This includes exploration of its origins (see, for example, Dolowitz (2001), Gamham and Knights (1994), Wikeley (2006)), experiences of the policy from the perspective of parents (for instance Hutton et al (1998), Wikeley et al (2001)) and the attainment of policy goals (such as the analysis by Skinner & Meyer (2006)). Within this there is, however, relatively little consideration of the establishment of paternity for child support purposes. This is surprising since this issue lies at the heart of any subsequent child support action. This research endeavours to redress this. The development, origins and delivery of United Kingdom child support paternity policy are explored through analysis of debates and policy documents, then through the medium of face to face interviews with Agency staff. These illuminate the manner in which the policy was both developed and then translated into operational practice. This is supplemented by a, regrettably small, handful of interviews with fathers, and a quantitative analysis of a sample of administrative data. The research finds that a particular 'forensic' storyline (Hajer 1993) dominates the discursive practices surrounding CSA paternity policy (Shram 1993, Fischer and Forester 1993, Fischer 2003). The resulting policy has then been shaped by the operation of unwritten tenets that pervade particular aspects of the organisation. This thesis suggests that the superficial similarity of these tenets within particular policy and implementation 'domains', when considered in conjunction with the prevailing storyline, helps to account for the lack of discord around the operation of the policy. Moreover, the interaction of the 'forensic' storyline and the prevailing tenets has meant that certain ethical considerations, such as the impact on children were overlooked. Finally the research findings indicate that child support paternity policy is based more around the concept of probablistic paternity rather than the expected genetic model.
30
Schlaphoff, Theresa Elizabeth-Anne. "A study to evaluate variable number of tandem repeat DNA polymorphisms in disputed paternity testing." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1465.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDip (Medical Technology))--Cape Technikon, 1993The use of genetic marker testing to resolve cases of disputed paternity, is well established. The number and range of systems used depends on the expertise of the laboratory, and for this reason various laboratories offer different systems. Standard testing includes tests in the following genetic marker systems: human leukocyte antigen (tissue) typing; red cell blood groups; and red cell enzyme and serum protein testing. The Provincial Laboratory for Tissue Immunology currently offers a range of 16 genetic marker systems capable of excluding >99% of falsely accused men. Following the discovery DNA polymorphisms, particularly VNTR DNA polymorphisms, and the commercial availability of VNTR DNA probes, PLTI decided to offer this service to our clients. This study was the initial phase in the establishment of a VNTR DNA typing laboratory and covered the determination of inter-and intra-gel accuracy and precision, selection of restriction enzyme/probe combination, and evaluation and comparison of the results of 100 disputed paternity cases tested using both standard and VNTR DNA typing. Of the 100 cases tested, in 33 cases, the putative father was excluded using standard testing. These exclusions were confirmed using VNTR DNA typing, and, furthermore, an additional two exclusions of paternity were shown using only VNTR DNA typing. In another two cases of disputed paternity, the exclusions obtained using standard tests required further confirmation. VNTR DNA typing convincingly excluded both falsely accused putative fathers. The VNTR DNA typing laboratory now functions as an integral part of the disputed paternity service. Due to the cost and time involved in VNTR DNA typing it is reserved at this stage for: those cases which require further confirmation of the results of standard testing; when the probability of paternity is low (<99.7%); or when a specific request is made.
31
Buchanan, Graeme Murray. "Mate choice in reed buntings (Emberiza schoeniclus)." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340397.
Full text
32
Matos, Joana Pedro de Almeida Norton de. "Futuros pais adolescentes." Master's thesis, ISPA -Instituto Universitário, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/2873.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica, apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto UniversitárioO estudo da paternidade na adolescência representa, ainda, uma lacuna na literatura internacional e, principalmente, nacional. Pouco se conhece sobre as vivências dos futuros pais adolescentes durante o período de gestação já que estes têm merecido pouca atenção face ao exclusivo interesse sobre as mães adolescentes. Com este estudo de carácter exploratório pretendeu-se alargar a compreensão dos seus sentimentos, perceções e expectativas e contribuir para ampliar a importância da sua inclusão nos serviços de saúde prestados à gravidez na adolescência. Procurou-se identificar semelhanças e diferenças nas perspetivas dos participantes. A amostra foi selecionada por conveniência sendo constituída por seis adolescentes com idade compreendida entre os 18 e os 20 anos. Foi utilizada uma entrevista semi-estruturada e aplicada a análise de conteúdo para a análise dos dados. Encontraram-se mais semelhanças do que diferenças entre os adolescentes e contrapôs-se o estereótipo social presente do adolescente descomprometido e ausente.
The study of paternity in adolescence is also a gap in the international literature and mainly national. Little is known about the experiences of future teenage parents during pregnancy as they have received little attention compared to the exclusive interest of teenage mothers. With this study of an exploratory nature intended to broaden understanding of the experiences of these young men in terms of their feelings, perceptions and expectations and contribute to enhance the importance of their inclusion in the health services provided to teenage pregnancy. We sought to identify similarities and differences in the perspectives of the participants. The sample was selected by convenience and consists of six teenagers aged between 18 and 20 years. We used a semi-structured interview and applied content analysis to analyze the data. We have found more similarities than differences between adolescents and refuse the social stereotype of uncompromising and absent teenager.
33
Benedito, Morant Vicente. "La atribución y determinación de la filiación, confluencias y divergencias de los ordenamientos civil y canónico." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401436.
Full textAbstract:
Los cambios sociales y en los modelos de familia producidos como consecuencia de la aplicación de técnicas de reproducción asistida, la aprobación de los matrimonios entre el mismo sexo y otros fenómenos sociales y técnicos-científicos han requerido una regulación específica en el Derecho de filiación. Desde el Derecho civil español se han ido produciendo una serie de reformas para atender las nuevas situaciones en materia de paternidad maternidad y filiación desde sus propios principios constitucionales. A este respecto, el Codi Civil de Catalunya, más influido por la tradición canónica y romana, evidencia una mayor sensibilidad en el principio de veracidad material y de libre investigación de la paternidad. No obstante la relevancia de estos principios ha sido creciente en todo nuestro ordenamiento civil. En cuanto al ordenamiento canónico parte de la concepción antropológica y de matrimonio de la doctrina de la Iglesia como una base para dar respuesta a las cuestiones que plantean las diversas realidades filiatorias actuales. Con este fin se observa una evolución y concreción en el Derecho y la doctrina de la Iglesia desde los mismos principios doctrinales.
A nivel histórico estudiamos como el Derecho civil se ha ido resituando respecto del ordenamiento canónico, con el cual ha compartido una base fundamental. En esta materia hemos estudiado la distinta vigencia de los principios formales y de verdad material en las diferentes tradiciones jurídicas. Así, la disminución de la relevancia del principio formalista en el Derecho civil español ha acercado la normativa del Código Civil a los propios principios del Derecho civil catalán y al ordenamiento canónico.
A nivel sistemático, partimos de una racionalidad jurídica complexiva que permite comparar y articular ambos ordenamientos. Desde esta base, en el ámbito del Derecho canónico hemos intentado responder a la necesidad de una reflexión doctrinal y jurisprudencial que actualice los propios instrumentos legislativos en materia de filiación. En el Derecho civil hemos procurado aportar criterios que permitan dar una racionalidad que fundamente las soluciones dadas a las distintas situaciones filiatorias y la normativa al respecto. En este sentido, ambos ordenamientos jurídicos parten de dos principios comúnmente reconocidos: el derecho a la libre investigación de la paternidad y el de no discriminación por razón del nacimiento, pero las concreciones normativas son diversas.
Además, desde esta investigación comparada a nivel axiológico, hemos procurado profundizar en la comprensión de los principios constitucionales en materia de filiación. En este sentido hemos puesto en relación el principio de libertad de conciencia con los distintos principios con los que la doctrina ha abordado el derecho a conocer el origen biológico y la investigación de la paternidad. Así mismo, partiendo de la distinción entre una atribución biológica o jurídica de la filiación y la determinación jurídica de la misma, hemos analizado las coincidencias y
divergencias de ambos ordenamientos en la materia. Por último hemos investigado también articulación de ambos ordenamientos. Esta articulación se evidencia como necesaria atendiendo a la distinta naturaleza y fines de ambos sistemas jurídicos; pero también a su concurrencia en las mismas personas que son, a la vez, ciudadanos y fieles.Els canvis socials i en els models de família produïts com a conseqüència de l'aplicació de tècniques de reproducció assistida, l'aprovació dels matrimonis entre el mateix sexe i altres fenòmens socials i tècnics-científics han requerit una regulació específica en el Dret de filiació. Des del Dret civil espanyol s'han anat produint una sèrie de reformes per atendre les noves situacions en matèria de paternitat, maternitat i filiació des dels seus propis principis constitucionals. Referent a això, el Codi Civil de Catalunya, més influït per la tradició canònica i romana, evidencia una major sensibilitat en el principi de veracitat material i de lliure investigació de la paternitat. No obstant la rellevància d'aquests principis ha estat creixent en tot el nostre ordenament civil. En quant a l'ordenament canònic parteix de la concepció antropològica i de matrimoni de la doctrina de l'Església com una base per donar resposta a les qüestions que plantegen les diverses realitats filiatòries actuals. Amb aquesta finalitat s'observa una evolució i concreció en el Dret i la doctrina de l'Església des dels mateixos principis doctrinals. A nivell històric estudiem com el Dret civil s'ha anat resituant respecte l'ordenament canònic, amb el qual ha compartit una base fonamental. En aquesta matèria hem estudiat la diferent vigència dels principis formals i de veritat material en les diferents tradicions jurídiques. Així, la disminució de la rellevància del principi formalista en el Dret civil espanyol ha apropat la normativa del Codi Civil als propis principis del Dret civil català i l'ordenament canònic. A nivell sistemàtic, partim d'una racionalitat jurídica complexiva que permet comparar i articular tots dos ordenaments. Des d'aquesta base, en l'àmbit del Dret canònic hem intentat respondre a la necessitat d'una reflexió doctrinal i jurisprudencial que actualitzi els propis instruments legislatius en matèria de filiació. En el Dret civil hem procurat aportar criteris que permetin donar una racionalitat que fonamenti les solucions donades a les diferents situacions filiatòries i la normativa referent a això. En aquest sentit, tots dos ordenaments jurídics parteixen de dos principis comunament reconeguts: el dret a la lliure investigació de la paternitat i el de no discriminació per raó del naixement, però les concrecions normatives són diverses. A més, des d'aquesta recerca comparada a nivell axiològic, hem procurat aprofundir en la comprensió dels principis constitucionals en matèria de filiació. En aquest sentit hem posat en relació el principi de llibertat de consciència amb els diferents principis amb què la doctrina ha abordat el dret a conèixer l'origen biològic i la investigació de la paternitat. Així mateix, partint de la distinció entre una atribució biològica o jurídica de la filiació i la determinació jurídica de la mateixa, hem analitzat les coincidències i divergències d'ambdós ordenaments en la matèria. Finalment hem investigat també l’articulació de tots dos ordenaments. Aquesta articulació s'evidencia com a necessària atenent a la diferent naturalesa i fins de tots dos sistemes jurídics; però també a la seva concurrència en les mateixes persones que són, alhora, ciutadans i fidels.
34
Nilsson, Dan, and Stefan Nyrell. "Familjens val -Om familjers fördelning av föräldraledighet : Families choice -Aboute famelies division of paternity/maternity leave." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Health Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-3469.
Full textAbstract:
The following paper looks into Maternity\Paternity leave and how the parents make use of it. The underlying reasons for the paper, is a pattern of unequal division of leave between the mother and father.
By using a qualitative in depth interview technique with couples that have children between 2 and 3 years old we have looked for reasons why the decisions, around the division of leave, have been taken, and what factors influence the outcome.
We have found that great importance is attached to, how, the negotiations are carried out between the parents, although these negotiations are influenced by a series of circumstances where the families economic situation influenced by the employment market are important factors.
The results from the empiric part of the study showed a link between the childs age and which parent stayed home.
Furthermore, the results show the families place in relationship to the structure of society also plays an important part in the concluding division of leave.
35
Kr??tzen, Michael Christian School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences UNSW. "Molecular Relatedness, Paternity and Male Alliances in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops sp.) in Shark Bay, Western Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19230.
Full textAbstract:
Male bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) in Shark Bay, WA, form several levels of alliances. Determining the relationship between paternity, relatedness and alliance membership is crucial in seeking evolutionary adaptive explanations for alliance formation. Previous behavioural data have revealed a social system whose complexity is unparalleled outside humans. Pairs or trios of male dolphins cooperate as stable first-order (1? alliances to sequester and control reproductive females. Two 1?alliances sometimes cooperate as small second-order (2? alliances to attack other 1?alliances or defend against attacks. Some males choose a different strategy by forming large superalliances of approximately fourteen individuals to attack 1?and 2?alliances. Kinship appears to play a role in the structuring of male alliances, but its importance differs with the alliance type. Relatedness analyses showed that on average, males in 1?and 2?alliances are strongly related, while members of the superalliance are not. Further, the strength of the association of partners within the superalliance was not correlated with their genetic relatedness. Thus, within one sex, it appears that there may be more than one simultaneous mode of group formation and its evolution. There was also an association between alliance behaviour and reproductive success as predicted by some theories of group formation. I assigned nine paternities to six out of 107 mature males. Males with alliance partners were significantly more successful in fathering offspring than males without partners. Compared to non-allied males, the chance of obtaining a paternity was significantly higher for members of 1?alliances, and reproductive success was significantly skewed among 1?alliance members. Assessment of kinship and relatedness required a number of technical developments and some preliminary data. I first refined a biopsy system in order to obtain tissue samples from free-ranging dolphins with minimum behavioural effects irrespective of age-group or gender. Then I carried out population genetics analyses, which demonstrated that there was only weak population structure within Shark Bay. Microsatellites showed a weak pattern of isolation by distance, and eight haplotypes of the mitochondrial DNA control region suggested weak female philopatry. The high number of migrants between locations allowed all samples from East Shark Bay to be pooled for subsequent analyses.
36
Zharikov, Yuri. "Mating behaviour and paternity of socially monogamous semipalmated plovers Charadrius semipalmatus breeding in the sub-Arctic." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ30240.pdf.
Full text
37
Krützen, Michael Christian. "Molecular relatedness, paternity and male alliances in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) in Shark Bay, Western Australia /." Connect to this title online, 2002. http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/~thesis/adt-NUN/public/adt-NUN20030128.113021/index.html.
Full text
38
Beck, Kristina [Verfasser], and Bart [Akademischer Betreuer] Kempenaers. "The link between social environment and patterns of extra-pair paternity / Kristina Beck ; Betreuer: Bart Kempenaers." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1228787220/34.
Full text
39
Annavi, Geetha. "Genetic, socio-ecological and fitness correlates of extra-group paternity in the European badger (Meles meles)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8d7304b2-84a2-4d5d-bbbc-63270d309e2e.
Full textAbstract:
The evolution of extra-group paternity (EGP) is a contentious issue in evolutionary biology. This thesis examines the factors and adaptive benefits driving EGP in a high-density, group-living population of European badgers (Meles meles). To improve power to assign parentage, I isolated and characterised 21 new polymorphic microsatellite markers. I genotyped 83% of 1410 badger trapped 1987‒2010 using 35 autosomal microsatellite markers. Maternity and paternity were assigned at 80% confidence ca. 82% of individuals. 48% of paternities were extra-group, where 85% were attributable to neighbouring-group males and EGP was detected in 47% of litters; thus badger social group do not correspond with a breeding unit. I tested whether indirect genetic benefits explain these high EGP rates. (1) ‘Good-gene-as-heterozygosity Hypothesis’: Paternal heterozygosity, but not maternal or an individual’s own heterozygosity, associated positively with first-year survival probability. Under benign environmental conditions, cubs fathered by more heterozygous males had a higher first year survival probability. Despite this correlation, the EGP rate per litter correlated with neither average nor maximum within-group heterozygosity of candidate fathers. (2) Fitness benefit Hypothesis: Extra-group offspring (EGO) had lower first-year survival probability and lived 1.3 years less than within-group offspring (WGO). Female WGO produced more litters and offspring over their lifetime than female EGO, whereas male EGO produced more offspring than male WGO. (3) Inbreeding avoidance hypothesis: The EGP rate within a litter increased with greater average pair-wise relatedness between mothers and within-group candidate fathers. No inbreeding depression on first-year survival probability was detected, but small sample sizes limited statistical power. Socio-ecologically, at the litter level, EGP correlated negatively with the number of within-group candidate fathers, and positively with neighbouring-group candidate fathers. In conclusion, EGP in badgers may reduce inbreeding and be maintained in the population through a sex-specific antagonistic selection and indirect genetic benefits may occur when the total fitness benefits of producing extra-group sons outweigh the costs of producing extra-group daughters. These indirect genetic benefits only partially explain the evolution of promiscuity in European badgers, highlighting that evolutionary factors underlying promiscuity remain unclear.
40
Banger, Nicola A. "Consequences of Multiple Paternity for Female Fitness in an Ontario Population of Northern Map Turtles, 'Graptemys geographica'." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22881.
Full textAbstract:
Although sexual stereotypes paint males as being promiscuous and females as being choosy in order to increase their reproductive success, multiple mating by females is widespread and females of many taxa often produce progeny sired by multiple males – but why? In species in which there are no direct benefits associated with mating, females may adopt promiscuous mating strategies to increase their fitness through the acquisition of genetic benefits. Here, I examine the genetic mating system of map turtles, Graptemys geographica in Lake Opinicon. Based on the most conservative estimate, at least 71% of clutches in this population are sired by multiple males. There did not appear to be any relationship between female body size and frequency of multiple paternity. There was a marginally significant effect of multiple paternity on hatching success and survival of clutches, but there was no effect on hatchling morphology or locomotor performance.
41
Kopūstaitė, Jurga. "Tėvystės (motinystės) nustatymo klausimai Lietuvos teismų praktikoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20110709_152419-13421.
Full textAbstract:
Tėvystės (motinystės) nustatymas vertintinas kaip vienas iš vaiko kilmės nustatymo būdų, kurio įgyvendinimas tiesiogiai susijęs su galimybės įgyvendinti kitus vaiko kilmės nustatymo būdus nebuvimu. Ginčais dėl tėvystės (motinystės) nustatymo siekiama tiek teisiškai įtvirtinti tėvystės (motinystės) faktą, kai vaikas teisiškai turi tik vieną arba neturi nei vieno iš tėvų, o spėjamas vaiko tėvas (motina) nesutinka pripažinti tėvystės (motinystės) fakto, tiek teisinėmis priemonėmis išspręsti tėvystės (motinystės) kolizijos klausimą, kai vaiko tėvo arba motinos statuso siekia daugiau negu vienas asmuo. Darbas remiasi Lietuvos įstatymais ir poįstatyminiais teisės aktais, jų oficialiais išaiškinimais, praktine civilinių bylų medžiaga, civilinės teisės moksline literatūra bei Europos Žmogaus Teisių Teismo jurisprudencija. Pirmajame darbo skyriuje autorius analizuoja tėvystės (motinystės) nustatymą vaiko kilmės nustatymo instituto kontekste, aptaria vaiko kilmės nustatymo būdų tarpusavio ryšį. Taip pat šiame skyriuje nagrinėjama biologinės ir socialinės tėvystės kolizija bei aptariama tėvystės identiškumo apsaugos svarba. Antrasis skyrius skirtas tėvystės (motinystės) nustatymo Lietuvos teismų praktikoje problemoms. Jame analizuojami tiek pozityviųjų, tiek negatyviųjų ginčų dėl tėvystės (motinystės) nustatymo pavyzdžiai, aptariant tėvystės (motinystės) nustatymo sąlygas, tvarką bei pasekmes. Be to, atskirai, atsižvelgiant į problemų specifiką, nagrinėjami motinystės nustatymo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The establishment of paternity (maternity) is regarded as one of child’s origin determination methods. The implementation of this method is directly related with the impossibility of implementation of the other child’s origin determination methods. The target of paternity (maternity) legal disputes is the legal establishment of the paternity (maternity) to particular child in cases, when particular child legally have just one of the parents or legally doesn’t have any parent at all and the possible father (mother) disagree to recognize the fact of paternity (maternity). The target of paternity (maternity) legal disputes also is to resolve the paternity (maternity) conflict, when more than one person is concerned to establish parental status. The research is based on legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania, the official interpretation of law, materials from civil cases, the literature of the civil and family law and the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. In the first chapter of the work the author analyses the determination of paternity (maternity) in the context of the child’s origin determination, discuss the connection between paternity (maternity) establishment and the other methods of child’s origin determination, also analyses the collision between biological and social paternity and the importance of identity protection of paternity. The second chapter of this work deals with the problems of the paternity (maternity) establishment in Lithuanian’s... [to full text]
42
Nicholls, E. Henry. "Male adaptations to sperm competition in the sand martin Riparia riparia." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322914.
Full text
43
Perelman, Olga. "Dynamique psychique paternelle dans la situation échographique : approche clinique et projective de la paternité durant la grossesse." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB101.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail de recherche propose d'explorer les processus psychiques à l’œuvre chez les hommes devenant pères pour la première fois lors des échographies obstétricales de la grossesse. La thèse croise ainsi la question de la construction de la paternité durant la grossesse avec celle des mouvements intrapsychiques issus de la situation échographique. Devant les techniques d'imagerie médicales actuelles qui jalonnent les consultations anténatales de la grossesse et auxquelles les hommes participent régulièrement, l'expérience de recherches précédentes et d'apports théorico-cliniques nous invite à envisager le cas singulier de l'examen échographique obstétrical comme un axe pertinent à interroger. En effet, la situation échographique est particulière du fait de la condensation des dimensions médicales et psychiques, projectives et fantasmatiques. En outre, au cours de la grossesse, la réactualisation de l'histoire individuelle et des enjeux qui l'accompagnent, notamment du côté de la reviviscence de la sexualité infantile et des processus identificatoires et narcissiques, ont leurs spécificités cliniques du côté de l'homme qui devient père. Les conflictualités archaïques et œdipiennes, qui concernent notamment la mise au travail des mouvements d'ambivalence de pulsions libidinale et agressive, sont rejouées au moment de la transition à la paternité. Réarticuler ces éléments conscients et inconscients durant la grossesse s'inscrit comme une crise narcissique pour le devenant père compte tenu du rappel du complexe de castration et de la blessure narcissique issue de la différenciation sexuelle. À partir de ces apports théoriques, la question de la potentielle rivalité et de l'élaboration de l'agressivité qui l'accompagne, est un point central de notre étude. Elle est doublement traitée chez l'homme devenant père durant la grossesse : d'une part sur son versant œdipien, au regard des enjeux de place, de perte d'amour de l'objet maternel face à ce rival représenté par l'enfant à naître. D'autre part, sur son versant plus archaïque, la rivalité est envisagée davantage en lien à une imago maternelle procréatrice et aux fantasmes d'envie et de possession des contenus maternels. La problématique de cette étude est la suivante : durant la grossesse, chez les hommes devenant pères pour la première fois, comment s'expriment les mouvements d'agressivité et le conflit ambivalentiel ? en quoi les représentations de la situation échographique s'articulent-elles au traitement de ces mouvements d'agressivité ? La population est constituée de 9 primi-pères, recrutée dans un centre de santé parisien. Des entretiens individuels semi-structurés ont été menés auprès des hommes à chaque échographie de la grossesse. Ils devaient réaliser un dessin de ce qu'ils avaient vu à l'image échographique. Enfin, la passation d'épreuves projectives (Rorschach et TAT) a eu lieu au sixième mois de grossesse. Au vu de nos résultats, nous soulignons d'abord l'efflorescence fantasmatique de la situation échographique. Nous confirmons que cette situation est un révélateur des mouvements psychiques à l’œuvre durant la grossesse et notamment de l'ambivalence pulsionnelle. Il apparaît que la période du devenir père condense une reviviscence des complexes œdipien et fraternel à à laquelle la situation échographique s'ajoute comme cadre contenant ou effractant. Parallèlement, nos résultats concluent que l'émergence de l'agressivité est davantage signe d'un destin élaboratif de la fonction paternelle. La reconnaissance de la différenciation sexuelle entre le père et sa compagne est mise en avant comme facteur d'élaboration de l'agressivité. Deux versants à la remise au travail de la bisexualité psychique et au traitement de la régression développementale psychosexuelle ont été retrouvés. Ils s'articulent aux variations des rivalitésThis research project aims to explore the psychic processes at work in men who become fathers for the first time during obstetric ultrasounds of pregnancy. The thesis thus crosses the question of the construction of paternity during pregnancy with the intrapsychic movements resulting from the ultrasound situation. Faced with the current medical imaging techniques that punctuate antenatal consultations and in which men regularly participate, the experience of previous research and theoretical-clinical contributions invites us to consider the unique case of obstetrical ultrasound examination as a relevant axis to investigate. Indeed, the ultrasound is a particular situation because of the condensation of medical and psychic dimensions, projective and fantasy. In addition, during pregnancy, future fathers go through an updating of their first identificatory processes such as infantile sexuality, identification and narcissistic processes. The archaic and Oedipal conflictualities which concern ambivalent movements of libidinal and aggressive impulses, are replayed at the time of the transition to paternity. It is a narcissistic crisis because of the re-articulation of these conscious and unconscious elements during pregnancy for the becoming father, given the reminder of the castration complex and the narcissistic injury resulting from sexual differentiation. From these theoretical contributions, the question of the potential rivalry and the development of aggressiveness that accompanies it, is a central point of our study. This doubly processed question shows up in men becoming fathers, during pregnancy. On the one hand, on its Oedipal side, considering the issues of place and the loss of love of the maternal object toward this rival represented by the child to born. On the other hand, on its more archaic side, the rivalry is considered more in connection with a procreative maternal imago and fantasies of envy and possession of maternal contents. The study problematic is the following: during pregnancy, among men becoming fathers for the first time, how are the movements of aggressiveness and ambivalence conflict expressed? How do the representations of the ultrasound situation relate to the treatment of these aggressiveness movements? 9 French men expecting a first child were included, from a health center in Paris. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with fathers at each ultrasound of the pregnancy. They had to make a drawing of what they saw on the ultrasound image. They also had to fill in self-questionnaires at each time of the research. Finally, the assessment of projective tests (Rorschach and TAT) took place in the sixth month of pregnancy. In the light of our results, we first underline the fantastical efflorescence of the ultrasound situation. We confirm that this situation is a revealer of the psychic movements at work during pregnancy and in particular of instinctual ambivalence. It appears that the period of becoming a father condenses a revival of the Oedipal and fraternal complexes to which the ultrasound situation is added as a containing or disruptive setting. At the same time, our findings conclude that the emergence of aggressiveness is more a sign of an elaborate fate of paternal function. The recognition of sexual differentiation between the father and his partner is put forward as a factor in the development of aggressiveness. We found two sides to the handing over of psychic bisexuality and the treatment of psychosexual developmental regression. They are structured around variations of rivalries
44
Moueix, Charlotte Henriette Marie. "Genetic verification of multiple paternity in two free-ranging isolated populations of African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus)." Diss., Electronic thesis, 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05042007-170551/.
Full text
45
Gordon, Ann Elizabeth-Chamberlain. "Criminal paternity DNA testing of microscopically-identified chorionic villi in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded products of conception." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.
Find full text
46
Hayakawa, Sachiko. "Molecular Ecology of the Japanese Macaque(Macaca fuscata yakui) : Sexual Behavior and Paternity in Wild Yakushima Troops." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149149.
Full text
47
Passek, Kelly Marie. "Extra-pair paternity within the female-defense polygyny of the lizard, Anolis carolinensis: Evidence of alternative mating strategies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28177.
Full textAbstract:
Mate competition is a prominent component of sexual selection theory. Typically, males attempt to mate with the most females possible and females attempt to mate with the highest quality males possible. In the polygynous female-defense mating system of Anolis carolinensis, males compete directly for females through territorial behavior. Inter-male competition is intense due to an average polygyny ratio of 1 male to 3 females despite a 1:1 adult sex ratio. Through high levels of territorial behavior (e.g., 100 displays/h, 27 m patrol distances/h, 70% of day in defense-related activities), males attempt to exclude other males from resident females who, in turn, both store sperm and ovulate a single-egg clutch at weekly intervals over a 4-month breeding season. Paternity of hatchlings in 16 naturally occurring breeding groups was analyzed to determine the extent to which the territorial resident male was able to prevent other males from fathering offspring of his resident females. Lizards residing in or neighboring a resident maleâ s territory were collected and RAPD-PCR was used to determine the paternity of hatchlings. Of the 48 hatchlings from 26 females, resident territorial males fathered 52% of hatchlings; 15% were fathered by a male whose territory bordered that of the resident male and 21% were fathered by a smaller male living covertly within the resident maleâ s territory. Paternity for the remaining 12% of hatchlings belonged to an unsampled male. Given that females mated with multiple males, laboratory-based controlled matings were conducted where females were sequentially paired with two males and RAPD-PCR was used to analyze which of the two males fathered the subsequent hatchlings to determine the mechanism of sperm precedence. Regardless of mating order, only one male of the pair fertilized the eggs. Male A. carolinensis have reproductive strategies present in addition to defending resident females and female A. carolinensis have options in addition to simply mating with the resident male. While sperm precedence is present in this species, it is not based on mating order, but may involve both the number of sperm deposited in the femaleâ s tract as well as the quality of those sperm.Ph. D.
48
Quennehen, Marine. "La paternité "ordinaire" en prison." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0158.
Full textAbstract:
Comment l’incarcération affecte-t-elle le rôle paternel ? La prison produit des conditions spécifiques d’actualisation de ce rôle, définies par les conditions d’incarcération et d’autres éléments provenant du parcours biographique. Il s’agit d’appréhender la paternité non pas à travers une seule dimension (le lien père-enfant en prison), mais plusieurs (histoire familiale, conjugale, etc.). Cette thèse fait dialoguer la sociologie de la famille, du genre et de la disqualification sociale, et propose une approche pluridimensionnelle de son objet, la paternité en prison. Nous distinguons et articulons trois dimensions : une analyse relationnelle de la paternité en contexte d’incarcération, saisie par les pratiques concrètes des pères détenus et de leur entourage ; une approche biographique replaçant le présent dans l’histoire familiale des pères rencontrés ; et enfin, une analyse « compréhensive » des normes, qui s’efforce de saisir comment ces hommes pensent et analysent leur rôle de père. Cette thèse repose sur des entretiens répétés avec soixante-dix détenus, rencontrés de deux à trois fois dans deux maisons d’arrêt et deux centres de détention. Cette méthodologie induit un retour réflexif des enquêtés sur eux-mêmes. Conjointement, des entretiens ont été réalisés avec différent∙es professionnel∙les travaillant en milieu carcéral, complétés par des observations ethnographiques en détention et lors de réunions des commissions d’aménagement des peines, dans le but de comprendre dans quelle mesure la paternité en prison était prise en compte par l’institution. Cette thèse met en évidence deux résultats principaux. La paternité, tout d’abord, peine à acquérir une place prépondérante dans les récits, les pratiques et les espaces de la détention. Il n’existe pas d’attentes particulières de l’institution concernant les liens familiaux des hommes incarcérés. Les hommes détenus n’ont aucune visibilité sociale en tant que pères. Le second résultat est qu’il n’existe pas une paternité en prison, mais bien un éventail de situations paternelles. Nous avons forgé une typologie des paternités en prison qui se décline en quatre types : « marginale », « suspendue », « brisée » et « ressource »How does incarceration affect a father’s role as a parent? Prison produces specific conditions for actualizing this role, which are defined by the conditions of incarceration and other phenomena from an individual’s life event history. This means understanding fatherhood not through a single lens (the father-child relationship whilst in prison) but several (family and partnership history, etc.).This thesis brings into dialogue the sociology of the family, of gender and of social disqualification, and studies fatherhood in prison through a multidimensional perspective. Three dimensions are distinguished and articulated: a relational analysis of fatherhood in the context of incarceration, understood through the concrete practices of detained fathers and their entourage; an event-history approach that re-places the present within fathers’ family history; and finally, a ‘comprehensive’ analysis of norms, which attempts to grasp how these men think and to analyse their role as fathers. This thesis uses repeated interviews with 70 detainees who were met from 2 to 3 times in two remand prisons and two detention centres. This methodology prompts reflexive feedback from respondents about themselves. In conjunction, to understand how far fatherhood was taken into account by institutions, interviews were conducted with professionals working in prisons and are supplemented with ethnographic observations in the prison context and at meetings of commissions deciding adjusted sentences.Two main results emerge from this thesis. First, fatherhood struggles to acquire a prominent place in the narratives, practices, and spaces of detention. There are no particular institutional expectations concerning the family ties of incarcerated men, who have no social visibility as fathers. Second, there is no single form of fatherhood in prison but rather an array of paternal situations. We have developed a quadripartite typology of fatherhood in prison: ‘marginal’, ‘suspended’, ‘broken’, and ‘resource’
49
Foster, Edgar G. "Metaphor and divine paternity : the concept of God's fatherhood in the Divinae institutiones of Lactantius (250-325 CE)." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/564/.
Full textAbstract:
This study is an exercise in historical theology and theolinguistics. The mention of historical theology entails that this investigation will dialogue with Christian authors of the past in order to illuminate modern theological issues. On the other hand, the allusion to theolinguistics (the study of how religious belief, thought and practice relates to language) indicates that this study will endeavor to discern what Christians mean when they employ terms like “Father” in theological discourse or corporate worship (i.e. liturgy). Should “Father” be viewed as a literal assignation for God? To what extent does this divine title signify the ontology or being of God? These questions will be addressed in the course of this study to show what bearing the doctrine of God the Father has on Christian belief and praxis. In particular, we are interested in what Lactantius means when he refers to God as Father. What implications thereby follow from his usage of this expression? I would briefly like to explain why Lactantius has been chosen as a test case for an ancient Latin writer, who thought of God as Father. While it seems that numerous early church writers conceived God as Father in a metaphorical sense, the Lactantian concept of divine paternity seems to hold promise for additional studies in view of his contention that God is Father in a number of senses and primarily in terms of his status as Lord (dominus). Lactantius is accustomed to call God “Father and Lord” (pater et dominus). This vocabulary is used in the context of Roman notions such as paterfamilias, pater patriae and pater or patria potestas. Lactantius also stresses the eschatological character of God’s paternity in the final book of his Divine Institutes (Divinae institutiones). While modern theology has articulated and expanded our knowledge of God’s eschatological fatherhood, this study proposes that the Lactantian concept illuminates elements of God’s future paternity that may be useful to those engaging in historical theology. Finally, I would like to thank the following persons for their varying and diverse contributions to this study: Dr. Philip Blosser gave me the inspiration to pursue the question of divine gender and pointed me towards useful definitions for the term “metaphor” such as “ambiguous identity synthesis” or “cross-modal sorting.” Rotary International (especially in the Lenoir and Hickory area) made my studies in Glasgow possible and they have been a fine support even after my 2001-2002 tenure as a Rotary scholar ended. I also want to express my appreciation to Dr. John Blakey (my erstwhile classics professor), Stacy Feldstein (a colleague in classical studies), Edward and Eleanor Foster (my parents), Sylvia Foster (my wife); David Schuman (for emphasizing the importance of carefully scrutinizing primary texts from antiquity when one undertakes a research project), and Solomon Landers (Hebrew and Aramaic specialist) for helping me understand the significance of certain Hebrew verbal stems.
50
Kulbaba, Mason. "Floral evolution in Polemonium brandegeei (Polemoniaceae)." University of Chicago Press, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/9156.
Full textAbstract:
Floral traits are typically associated with specific groups of pollinators. Yet, many flowering plants are pollinated by more than one group of pollinators. To explore the influence of multiple effective pollinators on floral traits, I examined how the pollinator assemblage of Polemonium brandegeei affects pollen movement and selection on floral traits. I documented phenotypic and genetic variation in floral traits, and quantified the effectiveness of floral visitors. In natural populations, I quantified pollen removal and deposition over two consecutive flowering seasons. I then performed a pair of novel array experiments to estimate selection through female (seeds set) and male (seeds sired) function on floral traits by two important pollinators, hawkmoths and hummingbirds. My analysis of field populations demonstrated that height and relative positioning of sex organs were important for the removal and deposition of pollen. Individuals of P. brandegeei displayed a large degree of continuous and heritable variation, particularly in the relative positioning of sex organs. Plants in the same population displayed stigmas recessed below (reverse herkogamy), or exserted above anthers (approach herkogamy). My array experiments determined that variation in herkogamy is likely maintained through contrasting selection, because hawkmoths selected for recessed stigmas but hummingbirds selected for exserted stigmas. While my results were the first to detect selection for reverse herkogamy by hawkmoths, I also identified selection for traits that are typically associated with both pollinators. For example, hawkmoths selected for narrow corolla tubes, and hummingbirds selected for longer corolla tubes. The selection I detected on floral traits through female function was generally stronger than through male function, which runs counter to traditional theory of gender-biased selection. My findings indicate that floral traits can conform to intermediate dimensions between the optima of two pollinators (herkogamy), or appear specialized to one pollinator (tube length). Therefore, cumulative arrangements of floral traits (floral design) can effectively function under pollination by two pollinators that exert different selection pressures on traits.