Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pathogen adaptation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pathogen adaptation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 22 June 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Pathogen adaptation"

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Fonville, Judith M. "Expected Effect of Deleterious Mutations on Within-Host Adaptation of Pathogens." Journal of Virology 89, no. 18 (2015): 9242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00832-15.

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ABSTRACTAdaptation is a common theme in both pathogen emergence, for example, in zoonotic cross-species transmission, and pathogen control, where adaptation might limit the effect of the immune response and antiviral treatment. When such evolution requires deleterious intermediate mutations, fitness ridges and valleys arise in the pathogen's fitness landscape. The effect of deleterious intermediate mutations on within-host pathogen adaptation is examined with deterministic calculations, appropriate for pathogens replicating in large populations with high error rates. The effect of deleterious
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Sánchez-Vallet, Andrea, Simone Fouché, Isabelle Fudal, et al. "The Genome Biology of Effector Gene Evolution in Filamentous Plant Pathogens." Annual Review of Phytopathology 56, no. 1 (2018): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035303.

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Filamentous pathogens, including fungi and oomycetes, pose major threats to global food security. Crop pathogens cause damage by secreting effectors that manipulate the host to the pathogen's advantage. Genes encoding such effectors are among the most rapidly evolving genes in pathogen genomes. Here, we review how the major characteristics of the emergence, function, and regulation of effector genes are tightly linked to the genomic compartments where these genes are located in pathogen genomes. The presence of repetitive elements in these compartments is associated with elevated rates of poin
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VanHook, Annalisa M. "Pathogen rewiring for host adaptation." Science 370, no. 6517 (2020): 677.20–679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.370.6517.677-t.

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Slev, Patricia R., and Wayne K. Potts. "Disease consequences of pathogen adaptation." Current Opinion in Immunology 14, no. 5 (2002): 609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0952-7915(02)00381-3.

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Lohia, Gaurav Kumar, and Sebastián A. Riquelme. "Pathogen adaptation to lung metabolites." Current Opinion in Microbiology 85 (June 2025): 102608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2025.102608.

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Laine, Anna-Liisa, Jeremy J. Burdon, Adnane Nemri, and Peter H. Thrall. "Host ecotype generates evolutionary and epidemiological divergence across a pathogen metapopulation." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1787 (2014): 20140522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0522.

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The extent and speed at which pathogens adapt to host resistance varies considerably. This presents a challenge for predicting when—and where—pathogen evolution may occur. While gene flow and spatially heterogeneous environments are recognized to be critical for the evolutionary potential of pathogen populations, we lack an understanding of how the two jointly shape coevolutionary trajectories between hosts and pathogens. The rust pathogen Melampsora lini infects two ecotypes of its host plant Linum marginale that occur in close proximity yet in distinct populations and habitats. In this study
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Hanford, Hannah E., Juanita Von Dwingelo, and Yousef Abu Kwaik. "Bacterial nucleomodulins: A coevolutionary adaptation to the eukaryotic command center." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 1 (2021): e1009184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009184.

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Through long-term interactions with their hosts, bacterial pathogens have evolved unique arsenals of effector proteins that interact with specific host targets and reprogram the host cell into a permissive niche for pathogen proliferation. The targeting of effector proteins into the host cell nucleus for modulation of nuclear processes is an emerging theme among bacterial pathogens. These unique pathogen effector proteins have been termed in recent years as “nucleomodulins.” The first nucleomodulins were discovered in the phytopathogensAgrobacteriumandXanthomonas, where their nucleomodulins fu
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Henschen, Amberleigh E., Michal Vinkler, Marissa M. Langager, et al. "Rapid adaptation to a novel pathogen through disease tolerance in a wild songbird." PLOS Pathogens 19, no. 6 (2023): e1011408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1011408.

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Animal hosts can adapt to emerging infectious disease through both disease resistance, which decreases pathogen numbers, and disease tolerance, which limits damage during infection without limiting pathogen replication. Both resistance and tolerance mechanisms can drive pathogen transmission dynamics. However, it is not well understood how quickly host tolerance evolves in response to novel pathogens or what physiological mechanisms underlie this defense. Using natural populations of house finches (Haemorhous mexicanus) across the temporal invasion gradient of a recently emerged bacterial path
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TASARA, T., and R. STEPHAN. "Cold Stress Tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes: A Review of Molecular Adaptive Mechanisms and Food Safety Implications." Journal of Food Protection 69, no. 6 (2006): 1473–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-69.6.1473.

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The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes has many physiological adaptations that enable survival under a wide range of environmental conditions. The microbes overcome various types of stress, including the cold stress associated with low temperatures in food-production and storage environments. Cold stress adaptation mechanisms are therefore an important attribute of L. monocytogenes, enabling these food pathogens to survive and proliferate to reach minimal infectious levels on refrigerated foods. This phenomenon is a function of many molecular adaptation mechanisms. Therefore, an improve
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Zhao, Xin, Xinyu Li, Jiayi Gao, Shi Shen, and Wei Zou. "Behavioral adaptations of Caenorhabditis elegans against pathogenic threats." PeerJ 13 (April 14, 2025): e19294. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19294.

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This review examines the behavioral adaptation mechanisms of Caenorhabditis elegans in response to pathogenic bacterial threats, emphasizing their ecological significance. It systematically explores how mechanisms such as avoidance behavior, transgenerational learning, and forgetting enable C. elegans to optimize its survival and reproductive strategies within dynamic microbial environments. C. elegans detects harmful signals through chemosensation and initiates avoidance behaviors. Simultaneously, it manages environmental adaptation and energy allocation through transgenerational memory and f
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pathogen adaptation"

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Bacigalupe, Rodrigo. "Population genomic analysis of bacterial pathogen niche adaptation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31266.

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Globally disseminated bacterial pathogens frequently cause epidemics that are of major importance in public health. Of particular significance is the capacity for some of these bacteria to switch into a new environment leading to the emergence of pathogenic clones. Understanding the evolution and epidemiology of such pathogens is essential for designing rational ways for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the diseases they cause. Whole-genome sequencing of multiple isolates facilitating comparative genomics and phylogenomic analyses provides high-resolution insights, which are revolutioniz
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Amezaga, Herran Maria Rosario. "The adaptation of Listeria monocytogenes to osmotic stress." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1996. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602297.

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The food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is more salt tolerant in the complex medium brain heart infusion (BHI, 2.0M NaCI upper limit for growth) than in a chemically-defined medium (DM, 1.0M NaCI upper limit for growth). The components in BHI responsible for the characteristic salt tolerance of L. monocytogenes are peptone and glycine betaine. At high osmolarity, the growth stimulation by peptone was higher than expected from nutritional supplementation, indicating that an osmoprotective mechanism was also at play. Peptone provided a higher level of osmotic protection than the compatibl
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Boixel, Anne-Lise. "Environmental heterogeneity, a driver of adaptation to temperature in foliar plant pathogen populations?" Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASA010.

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Les facteurs environnementaux, au premier rang desquels la température, ont un impact sur la biologie des micro-organismes foliaires. Ils peuvent aussi modifier significativement leurs dynamiques populationnelles, voire leurs trajectoires évolutives. Classiquement, les modèles épidémiologiques, utilisés pour mieux gérer les maladies des plantes, intègrent l’influence des conditions météorologiques. Ils s’intéressent surtout à des réponses et des effets moyennés, ne tenant compte ni des variations des réponses individuelles, ni de l’hétérogénéité des changements environnementaux aux échelles ré
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Guillemet, Martin. "The dynamics of viral adaptation : theoretical and experimental approaches." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONG020.

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La plupart des organismes vivants peuvent être infectés par des virus. Cette omniprésence est due à différents facteurs, notamment des taux de mutation élevés, des populations de grande taille et des temps de génération courts, qui permettent une adaptation rapide à des espèces hôtes très différentes. La dynamique de l'adaptation des populations virales résulte de l'interaction entre de multiples forces évolutives. Au cours de cette thèse, nous avons développé une combinaison d'approches théoriques et expérimentales pour démêler l'influence de certains de ces facteurs sur l'adaptation virale.T
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Kastora, Stavroula. "Novel regulators that control the adaptation of a major fungal pathogen to combinations of host signals." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=228983.

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One of the major aims of this thesis was to identify novel regulators that drive C. albicans adaptation during growth under different nutrient and temperature conditions. The classical stress response cascades have been previously characterised under standardized, but physiologically irrelevant growth conditions (YPD at 30°C). In this study these pathways and other regulators were examined under more physiologically relevant inputs because metabolic plasticity and thermo-tolerance have been shown to affect stress adaptation (Arguelles et al., 1999; Brown et al., 2014; Cowen, 2009; Diezmann et
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Melnyk, Anita. "The Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance in Experimental Populations of Bacteria." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34556.

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Antibiotic resistance is a major threat to public health. Understanding how it evolves, and the genes that underlie resistance, is the main goal of my Ph.D. research. After a resistance mutation arises, it’s fate within a pathogen population will be etermined in part by its fitness: mutations that suffer little or no fitness cost are more likely to persist in the absence of antibiotic treatment. My research centers on understanding this process better by gaining knowledge about the spectrum of fitness effects associated with antibiotic resistance mutations. Using a meta-analysis framework I
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McDougald, S. Diane School of Microbiology &amp Immunology UNSW. "Regulation of starvation and nonculturability in the marine pathogen, Vibrio vulnificus." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Microbiology and Immunology, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19118.

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Vibrio vulnificus is a model environmental organism exhibiting a classical starvation response during nutrient limitation as well as a non-culturable state when exposed to low temperatures. In addition to these classic global responses, this organism is an opportunistic pathogen that exhibits numerous virulence factors. This organism was chosen as the model organism for the identification of regulators of the viable but nonculturable response (VBNC) and the starvation-induced maintenance of culturability (SIMC) that occurs when cells are starved prior to low temperature incubation. In order
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Maikova, Anna. "The CRISPR-Cas system of human pathogen Clostridium difficile : function and regulation." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7091.

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Clostridium difficile (nouveau nom Clostridioides difficile) est une bactérie à Gram-positif, sporulante, anaérobie stricte, présente dans le sol et les environnements aquatiques, ainsi que dans le tractus intestinal des mammifères. C. difficile est l’un des principaux clostridies pathogènes. Cette bactérie est devenue un vrai problème de santé publique associé à l'antibiothérapie dans les pays industrialisés. La diarrhée associée à C. difficile est actuellement la diarrhée nosocomiale la plus fréquente en Europe et dans le monde. Depuis la dernière décennie, la proportion de formes d’infectio
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Thézé, Julien. "Diversification et adaptation génomique des virus entomopathogènes." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4006.

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À différentes échelles de temps, le but de ma thèse a été de comprendre l'évolution des virus entomopathogènes à travers l’étude de la diversification et de l’adaptation génomique de grands virus à ADN d’insectes. Dans un premier temps, j’ai pu estimer les âges de diversifications des baculovirus et des nudivirus, et proposer un scénario de coévolution à long terme entre ces virus et leurs hôtes insectes. Puis, me plaçant sur une échelle de temps moindre, j’ai montré que les hôtes insectes sont le facteur principal de la diversification des baculovirus, et de façon surprenante, j’ai également
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Pawlik, Marie-Christin [Verfasser], and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Vogel. "Gene expression in the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis: Adaptation to serum exposure and zinc limitation / Marie-Christin Pawlik. Betreuer: Ulrich Vogel." Würzburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Würzburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1036836509/34.

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Books on the topic "Pathogen adaptation"

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Hsu, Ellen, and Louis Du Pasquier, eds. Pathogen-Host Interactions: Antigenic Variation v. Somatic Adaptations. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20819-0.

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1966-, Dieckmann Ulf, ed. Adaptive speciation. Cambridge University Press, 2004.

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Le May, Christophe, Josselin Montarry, Cindy E. Morris, Omer Frenkel, and Virginie Ravigné, eds. Plant Pathogen Life-History Traits and Adaptation to Environmental Constraints. Frontiers Media SA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88963-530-6.

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Griffiths, Mansel. Understanding Pathogen Behaviour: Virulence, Stress Response, and Resistance (Woodhead Publishing in Food Science and Technology). CRC Press, 2005.

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Kaltz, Oliver. On the evolution of life history and local adaptation in the fungal pathogen microbotryum violaceum (basidiomycetes) and its host plant silene latifolia (caryophyli aceae). 1998.

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Pasquier, Louis Du, and Ellen Hsu. Pathogen-Host Interactions: Antigenic Variation v. Somatic Adaptations. Springer, 2015.

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Pasquier, Louis Du, and Ellen Hsu. Pathogen-Host Interactions: Antigenic Variation v. Somatic Adaptations. Springer, 2016.

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Pasquier, Louis Du, and Ellen Hsu. Pathogen-Host Interactions: Antigenic Variation V. Somatic Adaptations. Springer London, Limited, 2015.

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Simões, Isaura, Daniel E. Voth, and Luís Jaime Mota, eds. Obligate Intracellular Bacteria: Evasion and Adaptative Tactics Shaping the Host-Pathogen Interface. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88976-753-3.

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Brüne, Martin, and Wulf Schiefenhövel, eds. Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198789666.001.0001.

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Medicine is grounded in the natural sciences, among which biology stands out with regard to the understanding of human physiology and conditions that cause dysfunction. Ironically, evolutionary biology is a relatively disregarded field. One reason for this omission is that evolution is deemed a slow process. Indeed, macroanatomical features of our species have changed very little in the last 300,000 years. A more detailed look, however, reveals that novel ecological contingencies, partly in relation to cultural evolution, have brought about subtle changes pertaining to metabolism and immunolog
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Book chapters on the topic "Pathogen adaptation"

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Heroven, Ann Kathrin, and Petra Dersch. "Metabolic Adaptation of Human PathogenicYersiniae." In Host - Pathogen Interaction. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527682386.ch1.

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Jagathjothi, N., M. Deivamani, M. Yuvaraj, et al. "Plant Pathogen Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change." In Plant Quarantine Challenges under Climate Change Anxiety. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56011-8_3.

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de la Fuente, José, and Margarita Villar. "Conflict and cooperation in tick-host-pathogen interactions contribute to increased tick fitness and survival." In Climate, ticks and disease. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249637.0033.

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Abstract This expert opinion discusses the mechanisms of tick-host-pathogen interactions and how these mediate the adaptation of tick species to climate change and hosts while guaranteeing completion of tick and pathogen life cycles as well as their impact on the prevalence of ticks and tick-borne diseases under climatic change events. A spotlight is given on the impact of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection on tick and human cells as well as the relationship between conflict and cooperation of tick-host-pathogen interactions and climate change.
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Kushwaha, Chanda, Neha Rani, and Arun P. Bhagat. "Chapter 13. Nature, Dissemination and Epidemiological Consequences in Charcoal Rot Pathogen Macrophomina Phaseolina." In The Phytopathogen Evolution and Adaptation. Apple Academic Press Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315366135-17.

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Bakshi, Suman, Johar Singh, and Sanjay J. Jambhulkar. "Isolation and characterization of yellow rust resistant mutants in wheat." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0010.

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Abstract Stripe rust, also known as yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a major threat to wheat production leading to yield losses up to 84%. Due to climate change, new races of the yellow rust pathogen are appearing for which no durable source of resistance has been observed in the present high-yielding varieties. A mutation breeding programme was initiated in two popular varieties, namely PBW343 and HD2967, using gamma-ray and electron beam irradiation. Gamma-ray doses of 250, 300 and 350 Gy and electron beam doses of 150, 200 and 250 Gy were used for seed ir
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Burdon, J. J. "Genetic Variation in Pathogen Populations and its Implications for Adaptation to Host Resistance." In Durability of Disease Resistance. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2004-3_4.

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Ernst, Florian D., Arnoud H. M. van Vliet, Manfred Kist, Johannes G. Kusters, and Stefan Bereswill. "The Role of Nickel in Environmental Adaptation of the Gastric Pathogen Helicobacter pylori." In Nickel and Its Surprising Impact in Nature. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470028131.ch15.

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Pförtner, Henrike, Maren Depke, Kristin Surmann, Frank Schmidt, and Uwe Völker. "In vivo Proteomics Approaches for the Analysis of Bacterial Adaptation Reactions in Host–Pathogen Settings." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8695-8_15.

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Challa, Surekha, and Nageswara Rao Reddy Neelapu. "Association Between Horizontal Gene Transfer and Adaptation of Gastric Human Pathogen Helicobacter pylori to the Host." In Horizontal Gene Transfer. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-21862-1_10.

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Epping, Lennard, Esther-Maria Antão, and Torsten Semmler. "Population Biology and Comparative Genomics of Campylobacter Species." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65481-8_3.

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AbstractThe zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter is the leading cause for bacterial foodborne infections in humans. Campylobacters are most commonly transmitted via the consumption of undercooked poultry meat or raw milk products. The decreasing costs of whole genome sequencing enabled large genome-based analyses of the evolution and population structure of this pathogen, as well as the development of novel high-throughput molecular typing methods. Here, we review the evolutionary development and the population diversity of the two most clinically relevant Campylobacter species; C. jejuni and C. co
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Conference papers on the topic "Pathogen adaptation"

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Hulst, A. D., P. Bijma, and M. C. M. De Jong. "160. Can we prevent pathogen adaptation when breeding disease resistant livestock?" In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_160.

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Yin, Chuntao. "Disease-induced changes in the rhizosphere microbiome reduced root disease." In IS-MPMI Congress. IS-MPMI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/ismpmi-2023-5r.

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Rhizosphere microbiota, referred to as the second genome of plants, are crucial to plant health. Increasing evidence reveals that plants can change their rhizosphere microbiome and promote microbial activity to reduce plant disease. However, how plant and phytopathogens factor in combination to structure the rhizosphere microbiome and govern microbial selection for adaptation to disease stress remains incompletely understood. In this study, rhizosphere microbiota from successive wheat plantings under the pressure of the soilborne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG8 were characterized. Amplicon seq
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Bruun Jensen, Annette. "Fungal pathogen adaptations in social insects — Pandora’s Box." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.92339.

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Allen, Aideen C., Wladimir Malaga, Catherine Astarie-Dequeker, et al. "From environmental bacteria to obligate pathogen: the study of adaptations enhancing the persistence of tuberculosis bacilli." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.2802.

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Allen, Aideen, Wladimir Malaga, Catherine Astarie-Dequeker, et al. "From environmental bacteria to obligate pathogen: the study of adaptations enhancing the persistence of tuberculosis bacilli." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa4598.

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MARSHALL, DAVID G., CHARLES J. DORMAN, FRANCES BOWE, CHRISTINE HALE, and GORDON DOUGAN. "DNA TOPOLOGY AND ADAPTATION OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM TO AN INTRACELLULAR ENVIRONMENT." In The Activities of Bacterial Pathogens in Vivo - Based on Contributions to a Royal Society Discussion Meeting. IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9781848161610_0002.

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Jovanović, Tanja, and Dragana Despot. "The impact of climate changes on microorganisms and their vectors." In 36. Savetovanje dezinfekcija, dezinsekcija i deratizacija jedan svet - jedno zdravlje, Vrnjačka Banja, hotel "Vrnjačke Terme", 28-31.maj 2025.godine. Srpsko veterinarsko društvo, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5937/ddd25149j.

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), climate changes may represent the greatest global threat to public health in the 21st century, with consequences for every aspect of human life, including health. Climate changes significantly impacts on non-communicable and to a large extent, communicable diseases. A particular risk is associated with vector-borne diseases, due to the direct influence of climate change on both microorganisms and their vectors. The main factors contributing to these changes include rising temperatures, shifts in precipitation patterns, an increased frequency of
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PONOMARI, Dorina, Veronica IOSIP, and Maria HOLBAN. "The specifics of speech therapy assistance in the context of migration." In "Higher education: traditions, values, perspectives", international scientific conference. Ion Creangă Pedagogical State University, 2024. https://doi.org/10.46727/c.27-28-09-2024.p148-153.

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Currently, the changes taking place around the world are significantly intensifying population migration processes. A radical change in the usual conditions of life, which is caused by the relocation of the family to another region or country with a different language, other cultural traditions, leads to the fact that there is a disorientation of a preschool child from a migrant family, so this issue for pedagogy becomes more and more relevant. The most vulnerable in this situation are children, who represent a huge part of the migration flow. The presence of a language disorder in migrant chi
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Đurić, Gordana, Gvozden Mićić, Danijela Kondić, Ivana Radović, and Nikola Mićić. "FOOD SOVEREIGNTY AND RIGHTS TO SEED." In 12. JEEP INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AGRIBUSINESS CONFERENCE, MAK 2025 – KOPAONIK. Association science and business center WORLD; Institute for plant protection and environmen, 2025. https://doi.org/10.46793/mak2025.201dj.

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Food sovereignty is the human right to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced through ecologically sound and sustainable methods, and the right of people to define their own food and agriculture systems. Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. In contrast to food security, which focuses on ensuring that enough food is available, food sovereignty emphasizes control over food production and distribution by local commu
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Reports on the topic "Pathogen adaptation"

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Melotto, M., and S. Sela. NIFA-BARD collaborative, mechanisms of salmonella adaptation to the lettuce phyllosphere. United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2022.8134153.bard.

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The goal of this study is to evaluate the risk associated with colonization of the plant with Salmonella and to provide the scientific basis required to reduce plant's colonization by this pathogen through characterization of the molecular and physiological mechanisms that enable Salmonella to colonize vegetable crops
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Eldar, Avigdor, and Donald L. Evans. Streptococcus iniae Infections in Trout and Tilapia: Host-Pathogen Interactions, the Immune Response Toward the Pathogen and Vaccine Formulation. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575286.bard.

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In Israel and in the U.S., Streptococcus iniae is responsible for considerable losses in various fish species. Poor understanding of its virulence factors and limited know-how-to of vaccine formulation and administration are the main reasons for the limited efficacy of vaccines. Our strategy was that in order to Improve control measures, both aspects should be equally addressed. Our proposal included the following objectives: (i) construction of host-pathogen interaction models; (ii) characterization of virulence factors and immunodominant antigens, with assessment of their relative importance
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Sela, Shlomo, and Michael McClelland. Desiccation Tolerance in Salmonella and its Implications. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594389.bard.

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Salmonella enterica is a worldwide food-borne pathogen, which regularly causes large outbreaks of food poisoning. Recent outbreaks linked to consumption of contaminated foods with low water-activity, have raised interest in understanding the factors that control fitness of this pathogen to dry environment. Consequently, the general objective of this study was to extend our knowledge on desiccation tolerance and long-term persistence of Salmonella. We discovered that dehydrated STm entered into a viable-but-nonculturable state, and that addition of chloramphenicol reduced bacterial survival. Th
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Freeman, Stanley, Russell Rodriguez, Adel Al-Abed, Roni Cohen, David Ezra, and Regina Redman. Use of fungal endophytes to increase cucurbit plant performance by conferring abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7613893.bard.

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Major threats to agricultural sustainability in the 21st century are drought, increasing temperatures, soil salinity and soilborne pathogens, all of which are being exacerbated by climate change and pesticide abolition and are burning issues related to agriculture in the Middle East. We have found that Class 2 fungal endophytes adapt native plants to environmental stresses (drought, heat and salt) in a habitat-specific manner, and that these endophytes can confer stress tolerance to genetically distant monocot and eudicot hosts. In the past, we generated a uv non-pathogenic endophytic mutant o
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Shpigel, Nahum Y., Ynte Schukken, and Ilan Rosenshine. Identification of genes involved in virulence of Escherichia coli mastitis by signature tagged mutagenesis. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699853.bard.

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Mastitis, an inflammatory response of the mammary tissue to invading pathogenic bacteria, is the largest health problem in the dairy industry and is responsible for multibillion dollar economic losses. E. coli are a leading cause of acute mastitis in dairy animals worldwide and certainly in Israel and North America. The species E. coli comprises a highly heterogeneous group of pathogens, some of which are commensal residents of the gut, infecting the mammary gland after contamination of the teat skin from the environment. As compared to other gut microflora, mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) m
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Splitter, Gary A., Menachem Banai, and Jerome S. Harms. Brucella second messenger coordinates stages of infection. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7699864.bard.

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Aim 1: To determine levels of this second messenger in: a) B. melitensiscyclic-dimericguanosinemonophosphate-regulating mutants (BMEI1448, BMEI1453, and BMEI1520), and b) B. melitensis16M (wild type) and mutant infections of macrophages and immune competent mice. (US lab primary) Aim 2: To determine proteomic differences between Brucelladeletion mutants BMEI1453 (high cyclic-dimericguanosinemonophosphate, chronic persistent state) and BMEI1520 (low cyclicdimericguanosinemonophosphate, acute virulent state) compared to wild type B. melitensisto identify the role of this second messenger in esta
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Sela, Hanan, Eduard Akhunov, and Brian J. Steffenson. Population genomics, linkage disequilibrium and association mapping of stripe rust resistance genes in wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598170.bard.

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The primary goals of this project were: (1) development of a genetically characterized association panel of wild emmer for high resolution analysis of the genetic basis of complex traits; (2) characterization and mapping of genes and QTL for seedling and adult plant resistance to stripe rust in wild emmer populations; (3) characterization of LD patterns along wild emmer chromosomes; (4) elucidation of the multi-locus genetic structure of wild emmer populations and its correlation with geo-climatic variables at the collection sites. Introduction In recent years, Stripe (yellow) rust (Yr) caused
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Porat, Ron, Gregory T. McCollum, Amnon Lers, and Charles L. Guy. Identification and characterization of genes involved in the acquisition of chilling tolerance in citrus fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587727.bard.

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Citrus, like many other tropical and subtropical fruit are sensitive to chilling temperatures. However, application of a pre-storage temperature conditioning (CD) treatment at 16°C for 7 d or of a hot water brushing (HWB) treatment at 60°C for 20 sec remarkably enhances chilling tolerance and reduces the development of chilling injuries (CI) upon storage at 5°C. In the current research, we proposed to identify and characterize grapefruit genes that are induced by CD, and may contribute to the acquisition of fruit chilling tolerance, by two different molecular approaches: cDNA array analysis an
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Chiel, Elad, and Christopher J. Geden. Development of sustainable fly management tools in an era of global warming. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598161.bard.

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House flies (Muscadomestica) are global pests of animal agriculture, causing major annoyance, carrying pathogens among production facilities and humans and thus have profound impacts on animal comfort and productivity. Successful fly control requires an integrated pest management (IPM) approach that includes elements of manure management, mass trapping, biological control, and selective insecticide use. Insecticidal control of house flies has become increasingly difficult due to the rapidity with which resistance develops, even to new active ingredients. Global climate change poses additional
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