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Journal articles on the topic 'Pathogen spillover'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Eby, Peggy, Alison J. Peel, Andrew Hoegh, et al. "Pathogen spillover driven by rapid changes in bat ecology." Nature 613, no. 7943 (2023): 340–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14815733.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract During recent decades, pathogens that originated in bats have become an increasing public health concern. A major challenge is to identify how those pathogens spill over into human populations to generate a pandemic threat 1 . Many correlational studies associate spillover with changes in land use or other anthropogenic stressors 2,3 , although the mechanisms underlying the observed correlations have not been identified 4 . One limitation is the lack of spatially and temporally explicit data on multiple spillovers, and on the connecti
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2

Washburne, Alex D., Daniel E. Crowley, Daniel J. Becker, Kezia R. Manlove, Marissa L. Childs, and Raina K. Plowright. "Percolation models of pathogen spillover." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0331.

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Predicting pathogen spillover requires counting spillover events and aligning such counts with process-related covariates for each spillover event. How can we connect our analysis of spillover counts to simple, mechanistic models of pathogens jumping from reservoir hosts to recipient hosts? We illustrate how the pathways to pathogen spillover can be represented as a directed graph connecting reservoir hosts and recipient hosts and the number of spillover events modelled as a percolation of infectious units along that graph. Percolation models of pathogen spillover formalize popular intuition a
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3

Cross, Paul C., Diann J. Prosser, Andrew M. Ramey, Ephraim M. Hanks, and Kim M. Pepin. "Confronting models with data: the challenges of estimating disease spillover." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0435.

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For pathogens known to transmit across host species, strategic investment in disease control requires knowledge about where and when spillover transmission is likely. One approach to estimating spillover is to directly correlate observed spillover events with covariates. An alternative is to mechanistically combine information on host density, distribution and pathogen prevalence to predict where and when spillover events are expected to occur. We use several case studies at the wildlife–livestock disease interface to highlight the challenges, and potential solutions, to estimating spatio-temp
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4

Sokolow, Susanne H., Nicole Nova, Kim M. Pepin, et al. "Ecological interventions to prevent and manage zoonotic pathogen spillover." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0342.

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Spillover of a pathogen from a wildlife reservoir into a human or livestock host requires the pathogen to overcome a hierarchical series of barriers. Interventions aimed at one or more of these barriers may be able to prevent the occurrence of spillover. Here, we demonstrate how interventions that target the ecological context in which spillover occurs (i.e. ecological interventions) can complement conventional approaches like vaccination, treatment, disinfection and chemical control. Accelerating spillover owing to environmental change requires effective, affordable, durable and scalable solu
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5

Plowright, Raina K., Colin R. Parrish, Hamish McCallum, et al. "Pathways to zoonotic spillover." Nature Reviews Microbiology 15, no. 8 (2017): 502–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14816884.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Zoonotic spillover, which is the transmission of a pathogen from a vertebrate animal to a human, presents a global public health burden but is a poorly understood phenomenon. Zoonotic spillover requires several factors to align, including the ecological, epidemiological and behavioural determinants of pathogen exposure, and the within-human factors that affect susceptibility to infection. In this Opinion article, we propose a synthetic framework for animal-to-human transmission that integrates the relevant mechanisms. This framework reveals th
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6

Borremans, Benny, Christina Faust, Kezia R. Manlove, Susanne H. Sokolow, and James O. Lloyd-Smith. "Cross-species pathogen spillover across ecosystem boundaries: mechanisms and theory." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0344.

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Pathogen spillover between different host species is the trigger for many infectious disease outbreaks and emergence events, and ecosystem boundary areas have been suggested as spatial hotspots of spillover. This hypothesis is largely based on suspected higher rates of zoonotic disease spillover and emergence in fragmented landscapes and other areas where humans live in close vicinity to wildlife. For example, Ebola virus outbreaks have been linked to contacts between humans and infected wildlife at the rural-forest border, and spillover of yellow fever via mosquito vectors happens at the inte
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7

Faust, Christina L., Hamish I. McCallum, Laura S. P. Bloomfield, et al. "Pathogen spillover during land conversion." Ecology Letters 21, no. 4 (2018): 471–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12904.

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8

Power, Alison G., and Charles E. Mitchell. "Pathogen Spillover in Disease Epidemics." American Naturalist 164, S5 (2004): S79—S89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/424610.

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9

Childs, Marissa L., Nicole Nova, Justine Colvin, and Erin A. Mordecai. "Mosquito and primate ecology predict human risk of yellow fever virus spillover in Brazil." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0335.

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Many (re)emerging infectious diseases in humans arise from pathogen spillover from wildlife or livestock, and accurately predicting pathogen spillover is an important public health goal. In the Americas, yellow fever in humans primarily occurs following spillover from non-human primates via mosquitoes. Predicting yellow fever spillover can improve public health responses through vector control and mass vaccination. Here, we develop and test a mechanistic model of pathogen spillover to predict human risk for yellow fever in Brazil. This environmental risk model, based on the ecology of mosquito
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10

Manlove, Kezia R., Laura M. Sampson, Benny Borremans, et al. "Epidemic growth rates and host movement patterns shape management performance for pathogen spillover at the wildlife–livestock interface." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0343.

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Managing pathogen spillover at the wildlife–livestock interface is a key step towards improving global animal health, food security and wildlife conservation. However, predicting the effectiveness of management actions across host–pathogen systems with different life histories is an on-going challenge since data on intervention effectiveness are expensive to collect and results are system-specific. We developed a simulation model to explore how the efficacies of different management strategies vary according to host movement patterns and epidemic growth rates. The model suggested that fast-gro
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11

Becker, Daniel J., Alex D. Washburne, Christina L. Faust, Erin A. Mordecai, and Raina K. Plowright. "The problem of scale in the prediction and management of pathogen spillover." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20190224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0224.

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Disease emergence events, epidemics and pandemics all underscore the need to predict zoonotic pathogen spillover. Because cross-species transmission is inherently hierarchical, involving processes that occur at varying levels of biological organization, such predictive efforts can be complicated by the many scales and vastness of data potentially required for forecasting. A wide range of approaches are currently used to forecast spillover risk (e.g. macroecology, pathogen discovery, surveillance of human populations, among others), each of which is bound within particular phylogenetic, spatial
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12

Escudero-Pérez, Beatriz, Alexandre Lalande, Cyrille Mathieu, and Philip Lawrence. "Host–Pathogen Interactions Influencing Zoonotic Spillover Potential and Transmission in Humans." Viruses 15, no. 3 (2023): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15030599.

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Emerging infectious diseases of zoonotic origin are an ever-increasing public health risk and economic burden. The factors that determine if and when an animal virus is able to spill over into the human population with sufficient success to achieve ongoing transmission in humans are complex and dynamic. We are currently unable to fully predict which pathogens may appear in humans, where and with what impact. In this review, we highlight current knowledge of the key host–pathogen interactions known to influence zoonotic spillover potential and transmission in humans, with a particular focus on
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13

Becker, Daniel J., Peggy Eby, Wyatt Madden, Alison J. Peel, and Raina K. Plowright. "Ecological conditions predict the intensity of Hendra virus excretion over space and time from bat reservoir hosts." Ecology Letters 26, no. 1 (2023): 23–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14820824.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The ecological conditions experienced by wildlife reservoirs affect infection dynamics and thus the distribution of pathogen excreted into the environment. This spatial and temporal distribution of shed pathogen has been hypothesised to shape risks of zoonotic spillover. However, few systems have data on both long-term ecological conditions and pathogen excretion to advance mechanistic understanding and test environmental drivers of spillover risk. We here analyse three years of Hendra virus data from nine Australian flying fox roosts with cov
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14

Sorvillo, Carla, Serena Malabusini, Erica Holzer, et al. "Urban Green Areas: Examining Honeybee Pathogen Spillover in Wild Bees Through Shared Foraging Niches." Applied Sciences 15, no. 6 (2025): 2879. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15062879.

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In urbanized environments, the expansion of urban areas has led to the creation of fragmented green spaces such as gardens and parks. While these areas provide essential habitats for pollinators, they may also inadvertently concentrate specimens of different species, increasing opportunities for pathogen transmission. This study highlights the importance of investigating pathogen dynamics in urban ecosystems, focusing on managed pollinators, such as Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758, and their wild counterparts. Over a two-year monitoring period in Milan, Italy, we examined the interactions betwee
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15

Simons, David, Lauren A. Attfield, Kate E. Jones, Deborah Watson-Jones, and Richard Kock. "A dataset of small-mammal detections in West Africa and their associated micro-organisms." Gigabyte 2023 (December 4, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.46471/gigabyte.100.

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Rodents, a globally distributed and ecologically important mammalian order, serve as hosts for various zoonotic pathogens. However, sampling of rodents and their pathogens suffers from taxonomic and spatial biases. This affects consolidated databases, such as IUCN and GBIF, limiting inference regarding the spillover hazard of zoonotic pathogens into human populations. Here, we synthesised data from 127 rodent trapping studies conducted in 14 West African countries between 1964 and 2022. We combined occurrence data with pathogen screening results to produce a dataset containing detection/non-de
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16

Rush, Elizabeth R., Erin Dale, and A. Alonso Aguirre. "Illegal Wildlife Trade and Emerging Infectious Diseases: Pervasive Impacts to Species, Ecosystems and Human Health." Animals 11, no. 6 (2021): 1821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061821.

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Emerging infectious disease (EID) events can be traced to anthropogenic factors, including the movement of wildlife through legal and illegal trade. This paper focuses on the link between illegal wildlife trade (IWT) and infectious disease pathogens. A literature review through Web of Science and relevant conference proceedings from 1990 to 2020 resulted in documenting 82 papers and 240 identified pathogen cases. Over 60% of the findings referred to pathogens with known zoonotic potential and five cases directly referenced zoonotic spillover events. The diversity of pathogens by taxa included
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17

Reddy, Manjunatha, Krithika S, and Sumathra Manokaran. "A Comprehensive Update on Emerging Infectious Zoonosis and Applications of Zoonotic Disease Modeling: A Review." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 1649–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.1649ecst.

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After the most recent COVID-19 outbreak, which has now made headlines, people trace back the connections of SARS-CoV-2 virus with other recent outbreaks such as SARS, MERS, Avian influenza, etc., all of which have high virulence and destructive powers. The common feature observed in all these alarming outbreaks is that they are “Zoonotic spillover diseases.” Spillover event also referred to as spillover infection or simply pathogen spillover is the process where a pathogen jumps from an animal to a human. Despite posing a threat to public health worldwide, it is an inadequately understood phen
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18

Plowright, Raina K., Aliyu N. Ahmed, Tim Coulson, et al. "Ecological countermeasures to prevent pathogen spillover and subsequent pandemics." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024): 2577. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13435621.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Substantial global attention is focused on how to reduce the risk of future pandemics. Reducing this risk requires investment in prevention, preparedness, and response. Although preparedness and response have received significant focus, prevention, especially the prevention of zoonotic spillover, remains largely absent from global conversations. This oversight is due in part to the lack of a clear definition of prevention and lack of guidance on how to achieve it. To address this gap, we elucidate the mechanisms linking environmental
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19

Plowright, Raina K., Aliyu N. Ahmed, Tim Coulson, et al. "Ecological countermeasures to prevent pathogen spillover and subsequent pandemics." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024): 2577. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13435621.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Substantial global attention is focused on how to reduce the risk of future pandemics. Reducing this risk requires investment in prevention, preparedness, and response. Although preparedness and response have received significant focus, prevention, especially the prevention of zoonotic spillover, remains largely absent from global conversations. This oversight is due in part to the lack of a clear definition of prevention and lack of guidance on how to achieve it. To address this gap, we elucidate the mechanisms linking environmental
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20

Plowright, Raina K., Aliyu N. Ahmed, Tim Coulson, et al. "Ecological countermeasures to prevent pathogen spillover and subsequent pandemics." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024): 2577. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13435621.

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Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Substantial global attention is focused on how to reduce the risk of future pandemics. Reducing this risk requires investment in prevention, preparedness, and response. Although preparedness and response have received significant focus, prevention, especially the prevention of zoonotic spillover, remains largely absent from global conversations. This oversight is due in part to the lack of a clear definition of prevention and lack of guidance on how to achieve it. To address this gap, we elucidate the mechanisms linking environmental
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Plowright, Raina K., Aliyu N. Ahmed, Tim Coulson, et al. "Ecological countermeasures to prevent pathogen spillover and subsequent pandemics." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024): 2577. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13435621.

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Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Substantial global attention is focused on how to reduce the risk of future pandemics. Reducing this risk requires investment in prevention, preparedness, and response. Although preparedness and response have received significant focus, prevention, especially the prevention of zoonotic spillover, remains largely absent from global conversations. This oversight is due in part to the lack of a clear definition of prevention and lack of guidance on how to achieve it. To address this gap, we elucidate the mechanisms linking environmental
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Plowright, Raina K., Aliyu N. Ahmed, Tim Coulson, et al. "Ecological countermeasures to prevent pathogen spillover and subsequent pandemics." Nature Communications 15, no. 1 (2024): 2577. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13435621.

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Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Substantial global attention is focused on how to reduce the risk of future pandemics. Reducing this risk requires investment in prevention, preparedness, and response. Although preparedness and response have received significant focus, prevention, especially the prevention of zoonotic spillover, remains largely absent from global conversations. This oversight is due in part to the lack of a clear definition of prevention and lack of guidance on how to achieve it. To address this gap, we elucidate the mechanisms linking environmental
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23

Simons, David, Ricardo Rivero, Ana Martinez-Checa Guiote, et al. "Protocol to produce a systematic Arenavirus and Hantavirus host-pathogen database: Project ArHa." Wellcome Open Research 10 (April 28, 2025): 227. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.24037.1.

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Arenaviruses and Hantaviruses, primarily hosted by rodents and shrews, represent significant public health threats due to their potential for zoonotic spillover into human populations. Despite their global distribution, the full impact of these viruses on human health remains poorly understood, particularly in regions like Africa, where data is sparse. Both virus families continue to emerge, with pathogen evolution and spillover driven by anthropogenic factors such as land use change, climate change, and biodiversity loss. Recent research highlights the complex interactions between ecological
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24

Simons, David, Lauren A. Attfield, Kate E. Jones, Deborah Watson-Jones, and Richard Kock. "Rodent trapping studies as an overlooked information source for understanding endemic and novel zoonotic spillover." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 1 (2023): e0010772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010772.

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Rodents, a diverse, globally distributed and ecologically important order of mammals are nevertheless important reservoirs of known and novel zoonotic pathogens. Ongoing anthropogenic land use change is altering these species’ abundance and distribution, which among zoonotic host species may increase the risk of zoonoses spillover events. A better understanding of the current distribution of rodent species is required to guide attempts to mitigate against potentially increased zoonotic disease hazard and risk. However, available species distribution and host-pathogen association datasets (e.g.
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25

Simons, David, Lauren A. Attfield, Kate E. Jones, Deborah Watson-Jones, Richard Kock, and Richard A. Bowen. "Rodent trapping studies as an overlooked information source for understanding endemic and novel zoonotic spillover." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 1 (2023): e0010772. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13509468.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Rodents, a diverse, globally distributed and ecologically important order of mammals are nevertheless important reservoirs of known and novel zoonotic pathogens. Ongoing anthropogenic land use change is altering these species' abundance and distribution, which among zoonotic host species may increase the risk of zoonoses spillover events. A better understanding of the current distribution of rodent species is required to guide attempts to mitigate against potentially increased zoonotic disease hazard and risk. However, available species distri
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26

Simons, David, Lauren A. Attfield, Kate E. Jones, Deborah Watson-Jones, Richard Kock, and Richard A. Bowen. "Rodent trapping studies as an overlooked information source for understanding endemic and novel zoonotic spillover." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 1 (2023): e0010772. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13509468.

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Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Rodents, a diverse, globally distributed and ecologically important order of mammals are nevertheless important reservoirs of known and novel zoonotic pathogens. Ongoing anthropogenic land use change is altering these species' abundance and distribution, which among zoonotic host species may increase the risk of zoonoses spillover events. A better understanding of the current distribution of rodent species is required to guide attempts to mitigate against potentially increased zoonotic disease hazard and risk. However, available species distri
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Simons, David, Lauren A. Attfield, Kate E. Jones, Deborah Watson-Jones, Richard Kock, and Richard A. Bowen. "Rodent trapping studies as an overlooked information source for understanding endemic and novel zoonotic spillover." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 1 (2023): e0010772. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13509468.

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Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Rodents, a diverse, globally distributed and ecologically important order of mammals are nevertheless important reservoirs of known and novel zoonotic pathogens. Ongoing anthropogenic land use change is altering these species' abundance and distribution, which among zoonotic host species may increase the risk of zoonoses spillover events. A better understanding of the current distribution of rodent species is required to guide attempts to mitigate against potentially increased zoonotic disease hazard and risk. However, available species distri
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Simons, David, Lauren A. Attfield, Kate E. Jones, Deborah Watson-Jones, Richard Kock, and Richard A. Bowen. "Rodent trapping studies as an overlooked information source for understanding endemic and novel zoonotic spillover." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, no. 1 (2023): e0010772. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13509468.

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Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Rodents, a diverse, globally distributed and ecologically important order of mammals are nevertheless important reservoirs of known and novel zoonotic pathogens. Ongoing anthropogenic land use change is altering these species' abundance and distribution, which among zoonotic host species may increase the risk of zoonoses spillover events. A better understanding of the current distribution of rodent species is required to guide attempts to mitigate against potentially increased zoonotic disease hazard and risk. However, available species distri
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29

Loope, Kevin J., James W. Baty, Philip J. Lester, and Erin E. Wilson Rankin. "Pathogen shifts in a honeybee predator following the arrival of the Varroa mite." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1894 (2019): 20182499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2499.

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Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are a global threat to honeybees, and spillover from managed bees threaten wider insect populations. Deformed wing virus (DWV), a widespread virus that has become emergent in conjunction with the spread of the mite Varroa destructor , is thought to be partly responsible for global colony losses. The arrival of Varroa in honeybee populations causes a dramatic loss of viral genotypic diversity, favouring a few virulent strains. Here, we investigate DWV spillover in an invasive Hawaiian population of the wasp, Vespula pensylvanica , a honeybee predator and hone
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30

Basinski, Andrew J., Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet, Anna R. Sjodin, et al. "Bridging the gap: Using reservoir ecology and human serosurveys to estimate Lassa virus spillover in West Africa." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 3 (2021): e1008811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008811.

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Forecasting the risk of pathogen spillover from reservoir populations of wild or domestic animals is essential for the effective deployment of interventions such as wildlife vaccination or culling. Due to the sporadic nature of spillover events and limited availability of data, developing and validating robust, spatially explicit, predictions is challenging. Recent efforts have begun to make progress in this direction by capitalizing on machine learning methodologies. An important weakness of existing approaches, however, is that they generally rely on combining human and reservoir infection d
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31

Lunn, Tamika J., Olivier Restif, Alison J. Peel, et al. "Dose–response and transmission: the nexus between reservoir hosts, environment and recipient hosts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20190016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0016.

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Dose is the nexus between exposure and all upstream processes that determine pathogen pressure, and is thereby an important element underlying disease dynamics. Understanding the relationship between dose and disease is particularly important in the context of spillover, where nonlinearities in the dose–response could determine the likelihood of transmission. There is a need to explore dose–response models for directly transmitted and zoonotic pathogens, and how these interactions integrate within-host factors to consider, for example, heterogeneity in host susceptibility and dose-dependent an
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32

Ellison, J. A., S. R. Johnson, N. Kuzmina, et al. "Multidisciplinary Approach to Epizootiology and Pathogenesis of Bat Rabies Viruses in the United States." Zoonoses and Public Health 60, no. 1 (2013): 46–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13492655.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Zoonotic disease surveillance is typically initiated after an animal pathogen has caused disease in humans. Early detection of potentially high-risk pathogens within animal hosts may facilitate medical interventions to cope with an emerging disease. To effectively spillover to a novel host, a pathogen may undergo genetic changes resulting in varying transmission potential in the new host and potentially to humans. Rabies virus (RABV) is one model pathogen to consider for studying the dynamics of emerging infectious diseases under both laborato
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33

Ellison, J. A., S. R. Johnson, N. Kuzmina, et al. "Multidisciplinary Approach to Epizootiology and Pathogenesis of Bat Rabies Viruses in the United States." Zoonoses and Public Health 60, no. 1 (2013): 46–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13492655.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Zoonotic disease surveillance is typically initiated after an animal pathogen has caused disease in humans. Early detection of potentially high-risk pathogens within animal hosts may facilitate medical interventions to cope with an emerging disease. To effectively spillover to a novel host, a pathogen may undergo genetic changes resulting in varying transmission potential in the new host and potentially to humans. Rabies virus (RABV) is one model pathogen to consider for studying the dynamics of emerging infectious diseases under both laborato
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34

Ellison, J. A., S. R. Johnson, N. Kuzmina, et al. "Multidisciplinary Approach to Epizootiology and Pathogenesis of Bat Rabies Viruses in the United States." Zoonoses and Public Health 60, no. 1 (2013): 46–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13492655.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Zoonotic disease surveillance is typically initiated after an animal pathogen has caused disease in humans. Early detection of potentially high-risk pathogens within animal hosts may facilitate medical interventions to cope with an emerging disease. To effectively spillover to a novel host, a pathogen may undergo genetic changes resulting in varying transmission potential in the new host and potentially to humans. Rabies virus (RABV) is one model pathogen to consider for studying the dynamics of emerging infectious diseases under both laborato
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35

Ellison, J. A., S. R. Johnson, N. Kuzmina, et al. "Multidisciplinary Approach to Epizootiology and Pathogenesis of Bat Rabies Viruses in the United States." Zoonoses and Public Health 60, no. 1 (2013): 46–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13492655.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Zoonotic disease surveillance is typically initiated after an animal pathogen has caused disease in humans. Early detection of potentially high-risk pathogens within animal hosts may facilitate medical interventions to cope with an emerging disease. To effectively spillover to a novel host, a pathogen may undergo genetic changes resulting in varying transmission potential in the new host and potentially to humans. Rabies virus (RABV) is one model pathogen to consider for studying the dynamics of emerging infectious diseases under both laborato
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36

Plowright, Raina K., Daniel J. Becker, Hamish McCallum, and Kezia R. Manlove. "Sampling to elucidate the dynamics of infections in reservoir hosts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0336.

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The risk of zoonotic spillover from reservoir hosts, such as wildlife or domestic livestock, to people is shaped by the spatial and temporal distribution of infection in reservoir populations. Quantifying these distributions is a key challenge in epidemiology and disease ecology that requires researchers to make trade-offs between the extent and intensity of spatial versus temporal sampling. We discuss sampling methods that strengthen the reliability and validity of inferences about the dynamics of zoonotic pathogens in wildlife hosts. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Dynamic and integ
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37

Plowright, Raina K., Daniel J. Becker, Hamish McCallum, and Kezia R. Manlove. "Sampling to elucidate the dynamics of infections in reservoir hosts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180336. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13531820.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The risk of zoonotic spillover from reservoir hosts, such as wildlife or domestic livestock, to people is shaped by the spatial and temporal distribution of infection in reservoir populations. Quantifying these distributions is a key challenge in epidemiology and disease ecology that requires researchers to make trade-offs between the extent and intensity of spatial versus temporal sampling. We discuss sampling methods that strengthen the reliability and validity of inferences about the dynamics of zoonotic pathogens in wildlife hosts. This ar
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38

Plowright, Raina K., Daniel J. Becker, Hamish McCallum, and Kezia R. Manlove. "Sampling to elucidate the dynamics of infections in reservoir hosts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180336. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13531820.

Full text
Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The risk of zoonotic spillover from reservoir hosts, such as wildlife or domestic livestock, to people is shaped by the spatial and temporal distribution of infection in reservoir populations. Quantifying these distributions is a key challenge in epidemiology and disease ecology that requires researchers to make trade-offs between the extent and intensity of spatial versus temporal sampling. We discuss sampling methods that strengthen the reliability and validity of inferences about the dynamics of zoonotic pathogens in wildlife hosts. This ar
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39

Woodhams, DC, JD Madison, MC Bletz, et al. "Responsible biosecurity and risk mitigation for laboratory research on emerging pathogens of amphibians." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 147 (December 16, 2021): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03636.

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The increasing study of emerging wildlife pathogens and a lack of policy or legislation regulating their translocation and use has heightened concerns about laboratory escape, species spillover, and subsequent epizootics among animal populations. Responsible self-regulation by research laboratories, in conjunction with institutional-level safeguards, has an important role in mitigating pathogen transmission and spillover, as well as potential interspecies pathogenesis. A model system in disease ecology that highlights these concerns and related amelioration efforts is research focused on amphi
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40

Pauciullo, Silvia, Verdiana Zulian, Simone La Frazia, Paola Paci, and Anna Rosa Garbuglia. "Spillover: Mechanisms, Genetic Barriers, and the Role of Reservoirs in Emerging Pathogens." Microorganisms 12, no. 11 (2024): 2191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12112191.

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Viral spillover represents the transmission of pathogen viruses from one species to another that can give rise to an outbreak. It is a critical concept that has gained increasing attention, particularly after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, the term is often used inaccurately to describe events that do not meet the true definition of spillover. This review aims to clarify the proper use of the term and provides a detailed analysis of the mechanisms driving zoonotic spillover, with a focus on the genetic and environmental factors that enable viruses to adapt to new hosts. Key topics include v
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41

Becker, Daniel J., Alex D. Washburne, Christina L. Faust, et al. "Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20190014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0014.

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42

Becker, Daniel J., Alex D. Washburne, Christina L. Faust, et al. "Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20190014. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13531876.

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43

Becker, Daniel J., Alex D. Washburne, Christina L. Faust, et al. "Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20190014. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13531876.

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44

Walsh, Michael G., Anke Wiethoelter, and M. A. Haseeb. "The impact of human population pressure on flying fox niches and the potential consequences for Hendra virus spillover." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (2017): 8226. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13424953.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging pathogen of concern in Australia given its ability to spillover from its reservoir host, pteropid bats, to horses and further on to humans, and the severe clinical presentation typical in these latter incidental hosts. Specific human pressures over recent decades, such as expanding human populations, urbanization, and forest fragmentation, may have altered the ecological niche of Pteropus species acting as natural HeV reservoirs and may modulate spillover risk. This study explored the influence of int
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45

Walsh, Michael G., Anke Wiethoelter, and M. A. Haseeb. "The impact of human population pressure on flying fox niches and the potential consequences for Hendra virus spillover." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (2017): 8226. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13424953.

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Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging pathogen of concern in Australia given its ability to spillover from its reservoir host, pteropid bats, to horses and further on to humans, and the severe clinical presentation typical in these latter incidental hosts. Specific human pressures over recent decades, such as expanding human populations, urbanization, and forest fragmentation, may have altered the ecological niche of Pteropus species acting as natural HeV reservoirs and may modulate spillover risk. This study explored the influence of int
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46

Walsh, Michael G., Anke Wiethoelter, and M. A. Haseeb. "The impact of human population pressure on flying fox niches and the potential consequences for Hendra virus spillover." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (2017): 8226. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13424953.

Full text
Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging pathogen of concern in Australia given its ability to spillover from its reservoir host, pteropid bats, to horses and further on to humans, and the severe clinical presentation typical in these latter incidental hosts. Specific human pressures over recent decades, such as expanding human populations, urbanization, and forest fragmentation, may have altered the ecological niche of Pteropus species acting as natural HeV reservoirs and may modulate spillover risk. This study explored the influence of int
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47

Walsh, Michael G., Anke Wiethoelter, and M. A. Haseeb. "The impact of human population pressure on flying fox niches and the potential consequences for Hendra virus spillover." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (2017): 8226. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13424953.

Full text
Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging pathogen of concern in Australia given its ability to spillover from its reservoir host, pteropid bats, to horses and further on to humans, and the severe clinical presentation typical in these latter incidental hosts. Specific human pressures over recent decades, such as expanding human populations, urbanization, and forest fragmentation, may have altered the ecological niche of Pteropus species acting as natural HeV reservoirs and may modulate spillover risk. This study explored the influence of int
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48

Walsh, Michael G., Anke Wiethoelter, and M. A. Haseeb. "The impact of human population pressure on flying fox niches and the potential consequences for Hendra virus spillover." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (2017): 8226. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13424953.

Full text
Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging pathogen of concern in Australia given its ability to spillover from its reservoir host, pteropid bats, to horses and further on to humans, and the severe clinical presentation typical in these latter incidental hosts. Specific human pressures over recent decades, such as expanding human populations, urbanization, and forest fragmentation, may have altered the ecological niche of Pteropus species acting as natural HeV reservoirs and may modulate spillover risk. This study explored the influence of int
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49

Walsh, Michael G., Anke Wiethoelter, and M. A. Haseeb. "The impact of human population pressure on flying fox niches and the potential consequences for Hendra virus spillover." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (2017): 8226. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13424953.

Full text
Abstract:
(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Abstract Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging pathogen of concern in Australia given its ability to spillover from its reservoir host, pteropid bats, to horses and further on to humans, and the severe clinical presentation typical in these latter incidental hosts. Specific human pressures over recent decades, such as expanding human populations, urbanization, and forest fragmentation, may have altered the ecological niche of Pteropus species acting as natural HeV reservoirs and may modulate spillover risk. This study explored the influence of int
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50

Bonneaud, Camille, Lucy A. Weinert, and Bram Kuijper. "Understanding the emergence of bacterial pathogens in novel hosts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1782 (2019): 20180328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0328.

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Our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary context of novel infections is largely based on viral diseases, even though bacterial pathogens may display key differences in the processes underlying their emergence. For instance, host-shift speciation, in which the jump of a pathogen into a novel host species is followed by the specialization on that host and the loss of infectivity of previous host(s), is commonly observed in viruses, but less often in bacteria. Here, we suggest that the extent to which pathogens evolve host generalism or specialism following a jump into a novel host wi
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