Academic literature on the topic 'Pathological aggression'

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Journal articles on the topic "Pathological aggression"

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Aprasidze, T., and M. Tsirekidze. "Clinico-social Character of Delinquent form of Dissocial (Deviant) Behavior." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1919.

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IntroductionAmong great variety of the manifestations of juvenile deviation of behavior, with its social significance, delinquency draws a special attention, in particular, with its aggressive manifestation.ObjectivesOur task is specification of psychopathological peculiarities of two forms of aggressive behavior of delinquency.MethodsFifty delinquent juveniles from 14 to 18 years of age (inclusive) have been examined. Two forms of aggressive manifestations have been picked out: non-pathological: 36 (72%) and pathological: 14 (28%).ResultsNon-pathological aggression basically is conditioned by the influence of micro-social negative conditions and stress situations. The contents of aggressive acts are closely connected with the peculiarities of characterological features; aggressive behavior is characterized with an episodic appearing, less severity and is often manifested in threatening. Marked cruelty, sadism and vandalism are found comparatively seldom. The violation of social adaptation is found in them in stresses, stipulated with negative micro-social factors; they are more manageable and comparatively quickly regress.The peculiarities of pathological aggression are represented by super valuable and sadistic manifestations, comparatively seldom–with signs of dysphoria. The aggression, stipulated by pathocharacterological reactions is manifested in the form of pathologically super valued and affective situational acts of behavior.ConclusionsAggressive behavior of delinquency is chiefly observed in its non-pathological form, which can be explained by the hard social-economical background, visible growth of aggressiveness in an immense part of population, moral and ethic deprivation and frustration. The society itself is a certain indicator of aggressiveness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Sachdev, Perminder, John Sydney Smith, John Matheson, Peter Last, and Peter Blumbergs. "Amygdalo-Hippocampectomy for Pathological Aggression." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 26, no. 4 (December 1992): 671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679209072105.

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Two patients are reported, one with severe brain damage and epilepsy, and the other with limbic epilepsy, who were treated with unilateral microsurgical amygdalo-hippocampectomy for the control of rage and aggression. Both had significant improvement in their aggressiveness, and the second patient also improved in the frequency of his seizures and psychotic episodes. The significance of these observations for our understanding of the morphophysiological basis of rage and aggression is discussed.
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Covington III, Herbert E., Emily L. Newman, Michael Z. Leonard, and Klaus A. Miczek. "Translational models of adaptive and excessive fighting: an emerging role for neural circuits in pathological aggression." F1000Research 8 (June 25, 2019): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.18883.1.

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Aggression is a phylogenetically stable behavior, and attacks on conspecifics are observed in most animal species. In this review, we discuss translational models as they relate to pathological forms of offensive aggression and the brain mechanisms that underlie these behaviors. Quantifiable escalations in attack or the development of an atypical sequence of attacks and threats is useful for characterizing abnormal variations in aggression across species. Aggression that serves as a reinforcer can be excessive, and certain schedules of reinforcement that allow aggression rewards also allow for examining brain and behavior during the anticipation of a fight. Ethological attempts to capture and measure offensive aggression point to two prominent hypotheses for the neural basis of violence. First, pathological aggression may be due to an exaggeration of activity in subcortical circuits that mediate adaptive aggressive behaviors as they are triggered by environmental or endogenous cues at vulnerable time points. Indeed, repeated fighting experiences occur with plasticity in brain areas once considered hardwired. Alternatively, a separate “violence network” may converge on aggression circuitry that disinhibits pathological aggression (for example, via disrupted cortical inhibition). Advancing animal models that capture the motivation to commit pathological aggression remains important to fully distinguish the neural architecture of violence as it differs from adaptive competition among conspecifics.
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Harat, Marek, Marcin Rudaś, Piotr Zieliński, Julita Birska, and Pawel Sokal. "Deep Brain Stimulation in Pathological Aggression." Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery 93, no. 5 (2015): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000431373.

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Sheehan, Ana E., Nadia Bounoua, Rickie Miglin, Jeffrey M. Spielberg, and Naomi Sadeh. "A multilevel examination of lifetime aggression: integrating cortical thickness, personality pathology and trauma exposure." Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 16, no. 7 (April 10, 2021): 716–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab042.

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Abstract Aggression represents a significant public health concern, causing serious physical and psychological harm. Although many studies have sought to characterize the etiology of aggression, research on the contributions of risk factors that span multiple levels of analysis for explaining aggressive behavior is lacking. To address this gap, we investigated the direct and unique contributions of cortical thickness (level 1), pathological personality traits (level 2) and trauma exposure (level 3) for explaining lifetime physical aggression in a high-risk sample of community adults (N = 129, 47.3% men). First, the frequency of lifetime aggression was inversely associated with cortical thickness in regions of prefrontal and temporal cortices that have been implicated in executive functioning, inhibitory mechanisms and socio-emotional processing. Further, aggression was positively associated with pathological personality traits (antagonism and disinhibition) and exposure to assaultive trauma. Notably, all three levels of analysis (cortical thickness, pathological personality traits and assaultive trauma exposure) explained non-overlapping variance in aggressive behavior when examined simultaneously in integrative models. Together, the findings provide a multilevel assessment of the biopsychosocial factors associated with the frequency of aggression. They also indicate that cortical thickness explains novel variance in these harmful behaviors not captured by well-established personality and environmental risk factors for aggression.
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Heukelum, Sabrina van, Femke E. Geers, Kerli Tulva, Sanne van Dulm, Christian F. Beckmann, Jan K. Buitelaar, Jeffrey C. Glennon, Brent A. Vogt, Martha N. Havenith, and Arthur S. C. França. "Structural Degradation in Midcingulate Cortex Is Associated with Pathological Aggression in Mice." Brain Sciences 11, no. 7 (June 29, 2021): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070868.

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Pathological aggression is a debilitating feature of many neuropsychiatric disorders, and cingulate cortex is one of the brain areas centrally implicated in its control. Here we explore the specific role of midcingulate cortex (MCC) in the development of pathological aggression. To this end, we investigated the structural and functional degeneration of MCC in the BALB/cJ strain, a mouse model for pathological aggression. Compared to control animals from the BALB/cByJ strain, BALB/cJ mice expressed consistently heightened levels of aggression, as assessed by the resident-intruder test. At the same time, immunohistochemistry demonstrated stark structural degradation in the MCC of aggressive BALB/cJ mice: Decreased neuron density and widespread neuron death were accompanied by increased microglia and astroglia concentrations and reactive astrogliosis. cFos staining indicated that this degradation had functional consequences: MCC activity did not differ between BALB/cJ and BALB/cByJ mice at baseline, but unlike BALB/cByJ mice, BALB/cJ mice failed to activate MCC during resident-intruder encounters. This suggests that structural and functional impairments of MCC, triggered by neuronal degeneration, may be one of the drivers of pathological aggression in mice, highlighting MCC as a potential key area for pathologies of aggression in humans.
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Kasowski, Amanda E., and Jaime L. Anderson. "The Association Between Sexually Aggressive Cognitions and Pathological Personality Traits in Men." Violence Against Women 26, no. 12-13 (September 26, 2019): 1636–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801219873436.

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Sexual aggression, harassment, and sexually aggressive cognitions (victim blaming, sexual entitlement) are serious societal problems. Although research has examined attributes of individuals who engage in overt sexual assault, few studies have focused on individual characteristics of those who perpetuate problematic negative beliefs surrounding sexual assault. This study sought to examine the relationship between pathological personality and sexually aggressive cognitions among 242 community men. Results showed that traits including antagonism, disinhibition, and negative affectivity were associated with sexually aggressive cognitions. These results have implications for understanding sexual aggression and the role personality plays in perpetuating sexually aggressive attitudes.
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Mosher, Laura Jean, Sean C. Godar, and Marco Bortolato. "Estradiol contributes to aggressive behaviors in a mouse model of pathological aggression." Psychoneuroendocrinology 83 (September 2017): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.261.

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Haller, J., J. Van De Schraaf, and M. R. Kruk. "Deviant Forms of Aggression in Glucocorticoid Hyporeactive Rats: A Model for ‘Pathological’ Aggression?" Journal of Neuroendocrinology 13, no. 1 (January 2001): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2001.00600.x.

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Haller, J., J. van de Schraaf, and M. R. Kruk. "Deviant Forms of Aggression in Glucocorticoid Hyporeactive Rats: A Model for 'Pathological' Aggression?" Journal of Neuroendocrinology 13, no. 1 (January 2001): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00600.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pathological aggression"

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Müller-Oerlinghausen, Bruno, and Ute Lewitzka. "Lithium Reduces Pathological Aggression and Suicidality: A Mini-Review." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-134623.

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From a practical point of view, the well-proven antisuicidal and anti-aggressive effects of lithium are of utmost importance for a rational, safe and economical treatment of patients with affective disorders. Regular lithium long-term treatment reduces the otherwise 2- to 3-fold increased mortality of untreated patients with severe affective disorders down to the level of the general population. This is mainly due to the reduced suicide risk. Many international studies have confirmed this fascinating property of lithium which so far has not been demonstrated with comparable evidence for any other psychotropic compound. The antisuicidal effects of lithium might possibly be related to its anti-aggressive effects which have been shown in various species, populations and settings, such as animals, inhabitants of nursing homes for the elderly, mentally handicapped subjects, children and adolescents with hyperactive, hostile and aggressive behavior, and particularly in hyperaggressive inmates of correction units and prisons
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Müller-Oerlinghausen, Bruno, and Ute Lewitzka. "Lithium Reduces Pathological Aggression and Suicidality: A Mini-Review." Karger, 2010. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27582.

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From a practical point of view, the well-proven antisuicidal and anti-aggressive effects of lithium are of utmost importance for a rational, safe and economical treatment of patients with affective disorders. Regular lithium long-term treatment reduces the otherwise 2- to 3-fold increased mortality of untreated patients with severe affective disorders down to the level of the general population. This is mainly due to the reduced suicide risk. Many international studies have confirmed this fascinating property of lithium which so far has not been demonstrated with comparable evidence for any other psychotropic compound. The antisuicidal effects of lithium might possibly be related to its anti-aggressive effects which have been shown in various species, populations and settings, such as animals, inhabitants of nursing homes for the elderly, mentally handicapped subjects, children and adolescents with hyperactive, hostile and aggressive behavior, and particularly in hyperaggressive inmates of correction units and prisons.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
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Lau, Katherine S. L. "Big Five Personality Traits, Pathological Personality Traits, and Psychological Dysregulation: Predicting Aggression and Antisocial Behaviors in Detained Adolescents." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1747.

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This study tested the utility of three different models of personality, namely the social and personality model, the pathological personality traits model, and the psychological dysregulation model, in predicting overt aggression, relational aggression, and delinquency in a sample of detained boys (ages 12 to 18; M age = 15.31; SD = 1.16). Results indicated that the three personality approaches demonstrated different unique associations with aggression and delinquency. The psychological dysregulation approach, composed of behavioral dysregulation, emotional dysregulation, and cognitive dysregulation, emerged as the overall best predictor of overt aggression, relational aggression, and delinquency. After controlling for the Big Five personality traits, psychological dysregulation accounted for significant variance in overt aggression and delinquency, but not relational aggression. After controlling for callous-unemotional traits and narcissistic traits, psychological dysregulation also accounted for significant variance in overt aggression, relational aggression, and delinquency. Psychological dysregulation did not account for significant variance in aggression or delinquency after controlling for borderline traits. The pathological personality traits approach, comprised of callous-unemotional traits, narcissistic traits, and borderline traits performed second best. In particular, within this approach borderline traits accounted for the most unique variance, followed by narcissistic traits, then callous-unemotional traits. Borderline traits accounted for significant variance in overt aggression, relational aggression, and delinquency when controlling for the Big Five traits, but not after controlling for psychological dysregulation. Narcissistic traits only accounted for significant variance in overt aggression and relational aggression after controlling for the Big Five personality traits, but not after controlling for psychological dysregulation. CU traits only accounted for significant variance in overt aggression after controlling for the Big Five personality traits, but not after controlling for psychological dysregulation. The social and personality model, represented by the Big Five personality traits accounted for the least amount of variance in the prediction of aggression and delinquency, on its own, and when pitted against the other two personality approaches. The exception was that the Big Five personality traits accounted for significant variance in relational aggression beyond narcissistic traits, as well as psychological dysregulation. These findings have implications for assessment and intervention with aggressive and antisocial youth.
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Charbonnier, Jennifer. "Female Aggression as an Interactive Effect of Internal Locus of Control and Pathological Narcissism| A Multiple Regression Analysis." Thesis, Northcentral University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10265649.

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This study represented an examination of the social issue of increasing female aggression in the State of Connecticut and has clarified a predictive relationship among internal locus of control, pathological narcissism to include contingent self-esteem, self-sacrificing self-enhancement, hiding the self, devaluing, grandiose fantasy, entitlement rage, and the four manifestations of female aggression that included physical and verbal aggression, anger, and hostility.

Aggression perpetrated by young adult females has been problematic in terms of the direct cost to society through injuries or damage sustained, increased displacement, or negatively affected social circumstances of children as collateral damage created by sanctioning of the female parent. As a learned response, children emulate the aggressive values and behaviors of those adults both as a defensive coping strategy, as well as the multi-generational perpetuation of aggressive behavior as a learned behavioral choice. This study was conducted in Connecticut with a selective participant group of 174 self-reported adult females, aged 18–35, with histories of having been legally sanctioned for aggressive behavior. Participants were solicited through a receptive social service agency, The Connection, Incorporated and the social media network, Facebook. The data generated in this quantitative study were analyzed utilizing multiple and stepwise linear regression analyses; statistically significant, predictive relationships among the variables, internal locus of control, pathological narcissism, and female aggression were identified and measured independently, as well as in different groupings. The various combinations of internal locus of control and components of pathological narcissism were each more predictive of each of the specific forms of female aggression.

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Baldridge, Robyn M. Stanford Matthew S. "The effects of aggression, impulsivity, and psychopathic traits on treatment program completion in substance dependent individuals." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5276.

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Zeringue, Megan M. "Associations Between Community Violence Exposure, Emotional Desensitization, and Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms: The Influence of Route of Exposure and Interpersonal Proximity to the Victims of Violence." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2681.

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The current study examines associations between community violence exposure (CVE) and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. The emotional desensitization hypothesis states that moderate levels of CVE will be associated with increased internalizing symptoms, whereas high levels of CVE will be associated with decreases in internalizing distress. The current study extends prior research by examining whether patterns of emotional desensitization differ based on the route of exposure – either being personally victimized or witnessing community violence. Further, associations examined the influence of interpersonal proximity to the victims of violence – that is, whether individuals are victims themselves (most proximal), witness violence against known individuals, or witness violence against strangers (least proximal). Participants include 714 undergraduate students (Mage = 20.5 years, SD = 3.9) who completed an online survey of CVE, internalizing and externalizing outcomes, and cognitions supporting aggression. Results revealed significant moderation by interpersonal proximity. Specifically, curvilinear associations between CVE and internalizing symptoms, reflecting emotional desensitization, were stronger at lower levels of proximity, whereas positive linear associations emerged at higher levels of proximity. Associations between CVE and more externalizing behaviors were stronger at low, compared to high, levels of proximity. Internalizing symptoms and cognitions supporting aggression partially mediated the association between CVE and externalizing behaviors. Further, latent profile analysis revealed that distinct groups of individuals were classified based on cumulative frequency of CVE and types of violent experiences. Thus, route of exposure, relationship to the victims of violence, and type of violence are each salient characteristics of CVE that may relate differentially to adjustment.
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Fisher, William I. "The relationship between memory and event-related potentials in pathologically impulsive aggressive juveniles : a retrospective chart study /." View online, 2009. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/psyctad/2/.

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Hamy, Anne-Sophie. "Identification of Factors Predicting Sensitivity or Resistance to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant treatment : the future of patients with breast cancer Neoadjuvant treatment for intermediate/high-risk HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancers: no longer an “option” but an ethical obligation Long-term outcome of the REMAGUS 02 trial, a multicenter randomised phase II trial in locally advanced breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without celecoxib or trastuzumab according to HER2 status BIRC5 (survivin) : a pejorative prognostic marker in stage II/III breast cancer with no response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy Beyond Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis, BMI and Menopausal Status Are Prognostic Determinants for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Pathological complete response and prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancers before and after trastuzumab era: results from a real-life cohort The presence of an in situ component on pre-treatment biopsy is not associated with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer Chemosensitivity, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and survival of postpartum PABC patients treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy Lymphovascular invasion after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is strongly associated with poor prognosis in breast carcinoma New insight for pharmacogenomics studies from the transcriptional analysis of two large-scale cancer cell line panels Biological network-driven gene selection identifies a stromal immune module as a key determinant of triple-negative breast carcinoma prognosis A Stromal Immune Module Correlated with the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Prognosis and Lymphocyte Infiltration in HER2-Positive Breast Carcinoma Is Inversely Correlated with Hormonal Pathways Stromal lymphocyte infiltration after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with aggressive residual disease and lower disease-free survival in HER2-positive breast cancer Interaction between molecular subtypes, stromal immune infiltration before and after treatment in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy COX2/PTGS2 Expression Is Predictive of Response to Neoadjuvant Celecoxib in HER2-negative Breast Cancer Patients Celecoxib With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer Might Worsen Outcomes Differentially by COX-2 Expression and ER Status: Exploratory Analysis of the REMAGUS02 Trial Comedications influence immune infiltration and pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS129.

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La chimiothérapie néoadjuvante (CNA) est utilisée dans les cancers du sein agressifs ou localement avancés (CS). Au delà des bénéfices cliniques, elle représente une opportunité pour monitorer in vivo la sensibilité d’une tumeur à un traitement.A partir de l’analyse de sets de données de patients traités par CNA, nous souhaitons identifier des mécanismes associes à la résistance ou sensibilité au traitement. Dans la première partie, nous avons évalué des paramètres, cliniques, anatomopathologiques et transcriptomiques. Nous avons démontré que des éléments non explorés comme la présence d’embols après CNA revêtaient une information pronostique importante. Dans une 2ème partie, nous avons analysé l’impact de l’infiltrat immunitaire dans le cancer du sein, et avons décrit les changements observés entre des échantillons avant et après CNA. Nous avons montré que l’impact pronostique des TILs était différent avant et après CNA, et était opposé dans les CS triple négatif ou HER2-positif. Finalement, nous avons analysé l’impact des comédications pendant la CNA. Nous avons trouvé des effets positifs – via l’augmentation de l’infiltrat immunitaire et la réponse au traitement – et des effets négatifs avec des effets délétères dans certains sous groupes de patients. En conclusion, la situation néoadjuvante représente une plateforme pour générer et potentiellement valider des hypothèses de recherche. La mise à disposition de jeux de données de patients traités par chimiothérapie néoadjuvante constituerait une ressource majeure pour accélérer la recherche contre le cancer du sein
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC i.e. chemotherapy before surgery) is increasingly being used for aggressive or locally advanced breast cancer (BCs). Beyond clinical benefits, it represents an opportunity to monitor in vivo sensitivity to treatment. Based on the analysis of datasets of BCs patients treated with NAC, we aimed at identifying mechanisms associated with resistance or sensitivity to treatment.In the first part, we evaluated biological, clinical, pathological and transcriptomic patterns. We demonstrated that unexplored pathological features such as post-NAC lymphovascular invasion may carried an important prognostic information.In a second part, we analyzed impact of imune infiltration in BC and we described extensively the changes of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) between pre and post-NAC samples. We showed that the prognostic impact of TILs was different before and after NAC, and was opposite in TNBC and HER2-positive BCs. Finally, we investigated the impact of comedications use during NAC. We found both positive effects - while enhancing immune infiltration and response to treatment - and negative effects with deleterisous oncologic outcomes in specific patients subgroups. In conclusion, the neoadjuvant setting represents a platform to both generate and potentially validate research hypotheses aiming at increasing the efficacy of treatment. The public release of real-life datasets of BC patients treated with NAC would represent a major resource to accelerate BC research
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"Mapping cognitive networks of anxiety, depression and aggression." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549541.

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背景:人類的思維可以構思為一個由很多「結」(nodes) 互相連接而組成的認知網絡(cognitive network) 。這個認知網絡從兒時開始發展及建立。只有那些有較強聯繫關係的結才會一同起動,從而影響我們的反應。不同的心理病態相信有不同的認知網絡。本研究旨在探索不同的心理病患的認知網絡,包括焦慮、抑鬱及具攻擊性。
研究方法:是項研究分為兩個階段,數據分別從臨床病患及社區人士中收集。第一階段旨在使用自由聯想法(Free association technique) 探究不同組別對焦慮、抑鬱及其攻擊性的觀念。數據由三個個別組別,包括83 個抑鬱症病患、139 焦慮症病患、43 個具攻擊性人士,及相對的105 、102 和110 個社區人士中集得。收集到的短句、詞語或描述會被整理及排序。在第二階段中,資料從另外108、106及102個臨床病患和相對的114、102及101 個社區人士三個個別組別中收集。他們需要評估在第一個階段中制定的認知觀念量表。獲得的數據會透過SPSS 的多元尺度法(Multidimensional Scaling) 進行分析,從而了解不同的認知網絡。
結果:得到抑鬱、焦慮、及具攻擊性的三幅認知網絡的圖像。進一步的分析顯示抑鬱症患者的認知網絡傾向聯繫抑鬱反應,但卻較少聯繫到正面的應對方式。相反,對照組則較偏向把抑鬱和正面的應對方式聯繫在一起。焦慮、症患者較容易聯想到一些長期、不間斷的社會心理壓力,例如跟家庭有關的問題和工作。不過,對照組則傾向把焦慮、聯繫到一些偶發性的不利事情,例如交通意外和死亡。具攻擊性的人較常想及有關個人不公平的情況,例如低薪及長工作時間,但對照組較多聯想到不公平的社會狀況,例如商業社會。
結論:研究資料顯示抑鬱、焦慮和具攻擊性的認知網絡可以透過自由聯想法和多元尺度的分析方法識別出來。研究發現臨床病患跟社區成人在認知網絡上有不同的聯繫模式。是項研究的其中一個重要貢獻是制定了跟抑鬱、焦慮及具攻擊性三份認知觀念量表,可用作衡量及比較抑鬱、焦慮及具攻擊性的認知網絡的工具。
Background: Our mind can be conceptualized as a cognitive network depicting as a string of inter-linked nodes which developed since childhood from daily experiences. Only nodes which share stronger association strengths are expected to co-activate to guide our reactions. Different cognitive networks are believed operating in different psychopathological states. This study sought to explore the cognitive networks of different psychopathology, namely, anxiety, depression, and aggression.
Method: The study composed of two stages and data was collected from clinical patients and community adults. The first stage aimed at construct generation (i.e., to explore the nodes) of depression, anxiety, and aggression using the technique of free association. Three separate groups of 83 depressed patients, 139 anxiety patients, and 43 aggressive individuals, and three corresponding community controls of 105, 102, and 110 were recruited. The obtained phrases, words, or descriptors were tabulated and rank ordered. In Phase 2, another three disordered groups of 108, 106, and 102 individuals and three corresponding community controls of 114, 102, and 101 were asked to rate on the construct lists generated in Phase 1. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis using SPSS was employed to empirically model the networks.
Results: Three separate visual maps of anxiety, depression, and aggression were obtained. Further analyses showed that depressed patients acquire a cognitive network involving mainly depressive responses. Yet, they are not so likely to activate positive coping in their cognitive network. On the other hand, normal controls tend to associate depression with positive coping. Anxiety patients more likely associate anxiety with psychosocial stressors like family and work which is considered to be unremitting whereas community controls more likely relate anxiety with adverse life events such as traffic accidents and death which are sporadic. Aggressive individuals more likely to think of unfairness relating to personal injustice and inequality such as low wages and long working hours while the normal controls more likely associate aggression with unfairness related to broad societal concerns and injustice such as commerce.
Conclusion: Findings show that cognitive networks of depression, anxiety, and aggression can be successfully identified by using the technique of free association and MDS. Clinical patients have different association patterns than the community controls. An important contribution of this study is to generate three construct lists which contain cognitive constructs on depression, anxiety, and aggression, and to evaluate and compare the cognitive networks of different psychopathology. Implications of the findings were discussed.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Wong, Mei Ting.
"December 2011."
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 178-200).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Abstract also in Chinese; some appendixes also in Chinese.
ABSTRACT --- p.i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.v
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.ix
LIST OF TABLES --- p.xii
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xiv
CHAPTER
Chapter I --- COGNITIVE MODEL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY --- p.1
Introduction --- p.1
The Cognitive Model --- p.3
Schema-focused Therapy --- p.11
Schema and Psychopathology --- p.13
Origins and Development of Schemas --- p.19
Schema Activation --- p.25
Summary --- p.26
Chapter II --- NETWORY THEORY OF AFFECT --- p.27
Network Theory --- p.27
Network Theory of Affect --- p.30
Research Related to the Network Theory of Affect --- p.34
Summary --- p.43
Chapter III --- EXPECTANCY AND BEHAVIOR --- p.45
Expectancy --- p.45
Alcohol Expectancy Memory Network --- p.47
Conclusion --- p.52
Chapter IV --- RESEARCH QUESTIONS --- p.53
Research Questions and Objectives --- p.56
Chapter V --- METHODS --- p.61
The Present Study --- p.62
Design --- p.62
Participants --- p.64
Instruments --- p.66
Data Analysis --- p.83
Pilot Study --- p.85
Chapter VI --- RESULTS --- p.86
Descriptive Statistics --- p.86
Psychometric Properties of the Assessment Instruments --- p.94
Refinement of Constructs Lists Generated in Phase One --- p.99
Demographic Variables --- p.114
Multidimensional Scaling --- p.121
Chances of Co-activation between ConstructslNodes --- p.132
Comparisons between Clinical and Community Groups --- p.140
Chapter VII --- DISCUSSION --- p.159
CognitiveNetwork of Different Psychopathology --- p.160
Differences in Cognitive Networks between Clinical and Community Groups Free Association --- p.172
Limitation of the Study and Future Direction --- p.174
REFERENCES --- p.178
APPENDICES A --- p.201
APPENDICES B --- p.207
APPENDICES C --- p.208
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Táborská, Lucie. "Škála SCORS - hodnocení zpracování sociálních informací a objektních vztahů u mužů s patologickou sexuální agresivitou." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326366.

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ANGLICKÝ ABSTRAKT Thesis Title: The SCORS Scale - An Assessment of Processing of Social Information and Object Relations of Men with Pathological Sexual Aggression Author: Mgr. Bc. Lucie Táborská Department: Department of Psychology Thesis Advisor: PhDr. Tereza Soukupová, Ph.D. Email of Thesis Advisor: tereza.soukupova@pedf.cuni.cz This empirical Thesis Essay titled The SCORS Scale - An Assessment of Processing of Social Information and Object Relations of Men with Pathological Sexual Aggression focuses on study of social skills of men with the diagnosis mentioned. The theoretical portion of the Thesis centers around the subject of sexual deviation as such, namely around pathological sexual aggression and projective methods; in particular, the TAT method and its specific SCORS scoring system. The fundamental research question was whether or not the answers of sample respondents would fall into the sphere of the pathological. Furthermore, the Thesis explores whether the differences between individual segments of the scale are significant or, on the contrary, corresponding. Subsequent examination of the phenomena follows. There were 20 participants in the survey, the individuals belonging to three different psychiatric asylums. D. Westen's SCORS was the method chosen for acquisition of data. The research has...
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Books on the topic "Pathological aggression"

1

Aggression and expiation. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1987.

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Human paleopsychology: Applications to aggression and pathological processes. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1987.

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Arsenio, William Frank. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.

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Arsenio, William Frank. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.

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Arsenio, William Frank. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.

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B, Schlesinger Louis, ed. Sex murder and sex aggression: Phenomenology, psychopathology, psychodynamics, and prognosis. Springfield, Ill., U.S.A: Thomas, 1989.

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Animal Cruelty Antisocial Behaviour and Aggression. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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Frank, Arsenio William, and Lemerise Elizabeth A, eds. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.

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Frank, Arsenio William, and Lemerise Elizabeth B, eds. Emotions, aggression, and morality in children: Bridging development and psychopathology. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association, 2010.

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Mizen, Richard, and Morris Mark. On Aggression and Violence. Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pathological aggression"

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Mos, J., and B. Olivier. "Concepts in Animal Models for Pathological Aggressive Behaviour in Humans." In Animal Models in Psychopharmacology, 297–316. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6419-0_29.

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"Therapeutic and prophylactic effects of lithium on pathological aggression." In Lithium in Neuropsychiatry, 247–56. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9780203007051-27.

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"The so-called mindlessness of violence: violence as a pathological variant of aggression." In Rethinking Violence, 130–46. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315873671-13.

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Svrakic, Dragan M., and Mirjana Divac-Jovanovic. "What Is Personality Disorder?" In The Fragmented Personality, 83–158. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190884574.003.0003.

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The central problem with persons suffering from personality disorder is not their extreme behaviors but rather a fragmented substrate of personality, while extreme behaviors merely represent specific compensatory strategies. The pathodevelopment of personality disorder involves multiple interacting factors (e.g., biogenetic dispositions, early adversity), leading to aberrant brain and mind organization, notably a hypofunctional prefrontal cortex and fragmented object relations, respectively. Such fragmented personality is adaptively dysfunctional and thus vulnerable to disintegration, particularly under stress and strong affects. Consequently, these patients continue to need sources of organization, both internally (through fantasy and exaggerations) and interpersonally (through self-objects who define and maintain the pathological albeit compensatory self-image). Interpersonal conflicts are actively sought and reflect either trait aggression and/or alloplastic adaptation. Personality disorder can be thought of as a homeostatic attempt of the mind to heal itself, akin to callus formation, a form of psychological survival through mental deviance.
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"Restorative dentistry 1: periodontology." In Oxford Handbook of Clinical Dentistry, edited by Bethany Rushworth and Anastasios Kanatas, 173–224. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198832171.003.0005.

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This chapter covers the fundamentals of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of periodontal disease, alongside the most recent classification system. The epidemiology of periodontal disease is discussed before the key aspects of clinical examination are explained. The relevance and implications of plaque and calculus are detailed including their composition and pathological effects. The chapter includes the clinical features of periodontal diseases, including aggressive periodontitis, necrotizing periodontal diseases, and periodontal abscesses, as well as periodontitis associated with endodontic lesions. The principles of periodontal surgery are described, covering local anaesthetic techniques, flap design, and suturing techniques, as well as regenerative techniques and mucogingival surgery.
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"Being and a Trolling State of Electronic Hive Mind." In Advances in Social Networking and Online Communities, 203–36. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9369-0.ch006.

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Trolling others, broadly defined as communicating provocative messages (and even threats) online, has been a pervasive part of the web and internet and even information and communications technology (ICT). While many consider trolling a net negative, some do suggest that it provides counter-viewpoints, encourages caution in mainstream participants online, and broadens conversations. This chapter studies trolling as a state of electronic hive mind and being in two main forms: (1) organically emergent, decentralized, and organically evolved troll coalitions for both personal member and group interests; and (2) created, instrumented, centrally supported/funded “troll armies” created for political and other purposes. Through the prism of “trolling,” a part of the electronic hive mind will be explored, the pathologically aggressive, angry, aggrieved, and vengeance-seeking side.
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Tsutsumi, Yutaka. "Pathology of Gangrene." In Pathogenic Bacteria. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93505.

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Pathological features of gangrene are described. Gangrene is commonly caused by infection of anaerobic bacteria. Dry gangrene belongs to noninfectious gangrene. The hypoxic/ischemic condition accelerates the growth of anaerobic bacteria and extensive necrosis of the involved tissue. Clostridial and non-clostridial gangrene provokes gas formation in the necrotic tissue. Acute gangrenous inflammation happens in a variety of tissues and organs, including the vermiform appendix, gallbladder, bile duct, lung, and eyeball. Emphysematous (gas-forming) infection such as emphysematous pyelonephritis may be provoked by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Rapidly progressive gangrene of the extremities (so-called “flesh-eating bacteria” infection) is seen in fulminant streptococcal, Vibrio vulnificus, and Aeromonas hydrophila infections. Fournier gangrene is an aggressive and life-threatening gangrenous disease seen in the scrotum and rectum. Necrotizing fasciitis is a subacute form of gangrene of the extremities. Of note is the fact that clostridial and streptococcal infections in the internal organs may result in a lethal hypercytokinemic state without association of gangrene of the arms and legs. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus may play an important role for vulnerability of the infectious diseases. Pseudomonas-induced malignant otitis externa and craniofacial mucormycosis are special forms of the lethal gangrenous disorder.
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Freedman, Jeffrey. "Encysted Bleb." In Complications of Glaucoma Surgery. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195382365.003.0057.

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The formation of a true pathologic encysted bleb is characterized by intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation that generally starts around 6 weeks postoperatively. An encysted bleb has lost the ability to adequately reduce IOP in the presence of a patent tube, implying that aqueous permeability of the bleb wall has decreased (Figure 36.1). Physiologic encapsulation around the tube shunt plate differs from that of the pathologic encysted bleb. The normal postoperative encapsulation develops through several steps. Initially, edema and inflammation occur around the shunt’s plate during the first 7 days postoperatively. Next the edema subsides, and the bleb begins to become defined by a fibrous wall. The connective tissue forming this wall thickens over the next 3 weeks. During wall thickening the IOP may rise for about 4–6 weeks. This expected physiologic change is sometimes referred to as the hypertensive phase; however, not all patients will have elevated IOP. After 6 weeks the bleb typically becomes pale, thinner, and less congested, while the IOP stabilizes at a lower level over the next 6 months. Understanding why pathologic encysted blebs develop and how they are identified is important in prevention of their occurrence and in management once they do occur. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β ) have been shown to be present in glaucomatous aqueous. These proinflammatory substances stimulate a tissue reaction culminating in the production of excessive amounts of collagen and other contractile proteins. Excessive collagen and proteins may result in a thick and relatively impermeable bleb wall. Various predisposing factors are suspected to potentially enhance this excessive fibrotic tissue reaction. Black patients have been identified as having a more rigorous tissue reaction to glaucoma surgical procedures and are therefore at a higher risk of developing encysted blebs. A history of keloid formation may indicate a greater tendency for a bleb to encyst due to an overly aggressive healing process. Pediatric patients are likely to have a stronger tissue response to surgery than older patients, most likely due to a stronger wound healing response.
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Pitzalis, Costantino, Frances Humby, and Michael P. Seed. "Synovial pathology." In Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology, 386–93. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0052_update_001.

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Synovial pathology is seen in a variety of disease states, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), psoriatic arthritis, and systemic lupus erythmatosus (SLE). This chapter highlights recent advances that characterize the cellular composition of these tissues according to surface markers and chemokine and cytokine expression, and describes synovial functional status and response to therapeutics. In RA, after initiation, pannus migrates over and under cartilage, and into subchondral bone, in a destructive process. Cartilage-pannus junction (CPJ) is characterized as invasive or ’quiescent’ or ’indistinct’. Invasive CPJ can comprise macrophages, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), mast cells, and/or neutrophils. CPJ activity is related to the state of activation of the overlying subintima. Subintimal inflammation can be graded to a variety of degrees (I–IV) according to established criteria and is illustrated. In some RA synovia, cellular aggregates organize into ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) through the expression of lymphorganogenic signals, to exhibit T- or B-cell zones accompanied by dendritic cells and lymphangiogenesis. ELS synthesize rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACAP), considered to be indicative of aggressive disease. The selective cellular expression of macrophage and dendritic cell chemokines and cytokines such as TNF, GMCSF, TGFβ‎‎, IL-1, IL-6, IL-23, and chemokines can be seen in synovia, to form a regulated and cooperative environment that sustains the cellular organization and pathological function. Important to this process are FLS and CD68+ macrophages. CD68 expression correlates with disease severity and can be useful as a surrogate marker of disease modifying activity of therapeutics, such as anti-TNF and anti-B-cell biologics.
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Conference papers on the topic "Pathological aggression"

1

Li, Jihui, and Felasfa Wodajo. "Patient-Specific Finite Element Analysis of Femoral Giant Cell Tumor Reconstructed Using Locking Plate System." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204566.

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Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a benign bone tumor that usually involves the end of long bone in young adults. GCT is locally aggressive, weakens the bone and can lead to pathologic fracture [1, 2]. Clinically, GCT is removed and the defect is reconstructed with bone cement, sometimes enhanced with intramedullary pins. However, there was no significant biomechanical advantage to using a cement plus pin construct over cement alone; clinical outcomes of both reconstruction methods were controversial [3–5]. While locking plates were recently adopted for GCT reconstruction, no biomechanics analysis has been performed to indicate its advantage over the cement alone or cement plus pin reconstruction. In this study we developed patient specific finite element (FE) models to compare the mechanical strengths of GCT reconstructed using cement alone and cement plus locking plate.
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Zeng, Linghua, Zhangcheng Wang, and Xinmei Tian. "KCNN: Kernel-wise Quantization to Remarkably Decrease Multiplications in Convolutional Neural Network." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/588.

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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in computer vision tasks. However, the high computational power demand of running devices of recent CNNs has hampered many of their applications. Recently, many methods have quantized the floating-point weights and activations to fixed-points or binary values to convert fractional arithmetic to integer or bit-wise arithmetic. However, since the distributions of values in CNNs are extremely complex, fixed-points or binary values lead to numerical information loss and cause performance degradation. On the other hand, convolution is composed of multiplications and accumulation, but the implementation of multiplications in hardware is more costly comparing with accumulation. We can preserve the rich information of floating-point values on dedicated low power devices by considerably decreasing the multiplications. In this paper, we quantize the floating-point weights in each kernel separately to multiple bit planes to remarkably decrease multiplications. We obtain a closed-form solution via an aggressive Lloyd algorithm and the fine-tuning is adopted to optimize the bit planes. Furthermore, we propose dual normalization to solve the pathological curvature problem during fine-tuning. Our quantized networks show negligible performance loss compared to their floating-point counterparts.
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Tavora, Fabio, Tamara Lotan, Marclesson Alves, Lanlan Zhou, Ali Amin, Navaraj Arunasalam, Andre De Souza, et al. "Abstract 2959: Glycogen synthase kinase 3-β expression in prostate cancer (PCa) correlates with aggressive pathological features and its blockade with 9-ING-41 inhibits viability of PCa cell lines." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2020; April 27-28, 2020 and June 22-24, 2020; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-2959.

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Ram, Dharma. "Oral Abstract." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685335.

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Introduction: Uterine sarcoma accounts for nearly 3% of all uterine malignancies. They have 4 major pathology includes endometrial stromal sarcoma high grade, ESS low grade, uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) and undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS). Recent WHO classification 2014, recognizes low grade ESS and high grade ESS as distinct entity. They differ from endometrial carcinoma in their aggressive nature and poor prognosis. We review our database and found total 44 eligible patient treated at our institute. Materials and Methods: Its retrospective analysis of computer based database of our institute from January 2009 to December 2015. We analyzed demographic, pathological, treatment and survival data. Results: Total 44 patient treated for uterine sarcoma at our institute. Among these 16 were operated at our institute during study period. Here we reporting results of operated patients at our institute. The histological diagnosis LMS (5/16), ESS-L (4/16), MMMT (3/16), UUS (3/16) and ESS-H (1/16). Stage distribution was stage I, (6/16) stage II, (5/16) stage III, (3/16) stage IV, (0/16) and unknown stage (2/16). Two patients underwent completion surgery for outside myomectomy. The adjuvant treatment was CT in 3/16, CT with RT in 7/16, HT in 4/16 and one lost to follow up with one was put on observation. Median follow up is 30 month with 14 patients alive and one lost to follow up. At last follow up 4 patients alive with metastatic disease and 10 patients alive with no evidence of disease. Conclusion: Uterine sarcoma are uncommon disease with
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Aziz, Sura M., Elisabeth Wik, Gøril Knutsvik, Karin Collett, and Lars Andreas Akslen. "Abstract 5285: Ki-67 expression and mitotic count in lymph node metastasis and their association with clinico-pathologic features and survival in aggressive breast carcinoma." In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-5285.

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