Academic literature on the topic 'Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms"
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Golubovic, Jagos, Petar Vulekovic, Djula Djilvesi, Mladen Karan, Bojan Jelaca, and Tomislav Cigic. "Semiology of pathological conditions in patients indicated for stereotactic biopsy." Medical review 69, no. 11-12 (2016): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1612345g.
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Introduction. Brain tumors produce symptoms and signs which are often non-specific, and therefore they may occur for more than a few months prior to diagnosis. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of referent signs and symptoms among patients referred for stereotactic brain biopsy. Material and Methods. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed medical history of 65 patients (67.7% males and 32.3% females) between the ages of 16 and 81 years. The following symptoms and signs were included in the analysis: organic brain syndrome, lateralization of crossed pyramidal tract, cranial nerve dysfunction, speech disorders, cerebellar-vestibular syndrome, nausea, vomiting, headache, the occurrence of at least one epileptic seizure and respondents? physical weakness. Results. Physical weakness was the most frequent symptom to be recognized (76.9%), whereas pyramidal neurological lateralization was the most commonly recognized sign (58.5%). There was a significant correlation between the course of disease and physical weakness (rho = -0.34, p = 0.005), as well as the course of disease and lateralization of the pyramidal tract (rho = 0.65, p = 0.00). No significant correlation was found between other clinical signs and symptoms. Conclusion. An accurate diagnosis and early recognition of signs and symptoms may be useful in determining indications for stereotactic brain biopsy.
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Sherrard, Jackie, Janet Wilson, Gilbert Donders, Werner Mendling, and Jørgen S. Jensen. "2018 European (IUSTI/WHO) International Union against sexually transmitted infections (IUSTI) World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline on the management of vaginal discharge." International Journal of STD & AIDS 29, no. 13 (July 27, 2018): 1258–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462418785451.
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Four common pathological conditions are associated with vaginal discharge: bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis, candidosis, and the sexually transmitted infection, trichomoniasis. Chlamydial or gonococcal cervical infection may result in vaginal discharge. Vaginal discharge may be caused by a range of other physiological and pathological conditions including atrophic vaginitis, desquamative inflammatory vaginitis, cervicitis, and mucoid ectopy. Psychosexual problems may present with recurrent episodes of vaginal discharge and vulval burning. These need to be considered if tests for specific infections are negative. Many of the symptoms and signs are non-specific and a number of women may have other conditions such as vulval dermatoses or allergic and irritant reactions.
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Ribeiro, Raul Rio, Sydnei Magno da Silva, Gustavo de Oliveira Fulgêncio, Marilene Suzan Marques Michalick, and Frédéric Jean Georges Frézard. "Relationship between clinical and pathological signs and severity of canine leishmaniasis." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 22, no. 3 (September 2013): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000300009.
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Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a zoonotic disease that presents variable clinical and laboratory aspects. The aims of this study were to identify the main biochemical/hematological status of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and to associate theses parameters with clinical forms of CVL. Blood samples were analyzed from 51 dogs, 15 uninfected (control group) and 36 infected, which were classified clinically in three groups: asymptomatic (n=12), oligosymptomatic (n=12) and symptomatic (n=12). All the infected dogs showed lower albumin/globulin ratios (A-G ratio) than the limit of reference. The mean values of total protein, urea, α-globulin 2, globulin and A-G ratio of infected dogs were outside the reference interval and differed significantly from those of the controls. Anemia was detected only in groups that showed clinical signs of the disease, and a statistical analysis indicated a significantly higher frequency of lower eritrogram in these groups than in the asymptomatic group. In addition, a significant association was observed between anemia and the presence of the symptoms, with dogs displaying higher erythrogram values showing better clinical conditions. These results provide additional evidence that the clinical forms of CVL may reflect on the erythrogram status.
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Dedov, Ivan Ivanovich, Galina Afanas'evna Mel'nichenko, Roman Viktorovich Rozhivanov, and Dmitriy Gennadievich Kurbatov. "The recommendations on diagnostics and treatment of male hypogonadism (deficit of testosterone). The project." Problems of Endocrinology 61, no. 5 (November 12, 2015): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl201561560-71.
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Male hypogonadism is a condition in which the body doesn’t produce enough testosterone which results in its low serum level in combination with characteristic clinical symptoms and/or signs (see the description below) that can be observed in the patients presenting with pathological changes in testicles and/or hypophysis, such as Kleinfelter’s syndrome, and in men with idiopathic metabolic or iatrogenic disorders leading to androgen deficiency. The present recommendations does not cover the entire set of pathological conditions responsible for the development of hypogonadism (deficit of testosterone); rather, they are focused on its clinical variants that account for the majority of the cases of male hypogonadism.
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Sukmana, Mayusef, and Falasifah Ani Yuniarti. "The Pathogenesis Characteristics and Symptom of Covid-19 in the Context of Establishing a Nursing Diagnosis." Jurnal Kesehatan Pasak Bumi Kalimantan 3, no. 1 (June 26, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/j.kes.pasmi.kal.v3i1.3748.
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Covid-19 is a disease that causes a global health emergency, caused by SAR-CoV2 and transmitted through droplets. Viruses attached to host cells are strongly bound to ACE2 causing excessive inflammatory reactions (Cytokine Storm). The incubation period 1-14 days, causing signs and symptoms of the respiratory syndrome, fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and in severe conditions multi-organ failure that ends in death. In May 2020 the world mortality rate increased by 15.45%, which previously was March 2020 at 3.4%. The concept of pathogenesis is needed as an effort to provide understanding in handling Covid-19 so that mortality can be controlled. Tracing and understanding the characteristics of Covid-19 pathogenesis that gives rise to various pathological responses of the body becomes an interesting analytical study to establish an appropriate diagnosis, including nursing diagnoses in order to develop a comprehensive nursing plan. This study aims to review the characteristics of covid-19 pathogenesis in the context of establishing a nursing diagnosis according to the Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standards. A literature study is done by analyzing the characteristics of COVID-19 signs and symptoms and comparing the major and minor data groupings that exist in the Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standard. Characteristic pathogenesis results from mild, moderate and severe symptoms. Grouping results refer to nursing diagnoses including ineffective airway clearance, ventilator weaning disorders, gas exchange disorders, ineffective breathing patterns, the risk of spontaneous circulatory disorders, hyperthermia and anxiety. Keywords: Nursing diagnosis Covid-19, signs anda symptome covid-19, pathogenesis Covid-19, SAR-CoV2
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Lee, O. Danny, and Ken Tillman. "An Overview of Testosterone Therapy." American Journal of Men's Health 10, no. 1 (November 14, 2014): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988314556671.
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Millions of men, as a result of the natural aging process, injury, illness, and medical therapies, experience a decline in testosterone levels that necessitate a need for testosterone supplementation therapy (TST). The signs and symptoms of testosterone decline may occur gradually, and low testosterone levels may be misdiagnosed as other medical conditions. Over the past two decades, there has been an increase in testing of testosterone levels and the use of TST. With so many men now on TST, it is essential for health care professionals to know the signs and symptoms, the causes of testosterone decline, how testosterone deficiency is diagnosed, what pathological changes are associated with testosterone decline, and the benefits and risks of TST. In addition, health care providers need to be aware of the various forms of testosterone available as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each. This article provides a brief overview of testosterone deficiency, TST treatment options and guidelines, and the risks and benefits associated with of TST.
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Botelho, Ricardo Vieira, Matheus Fernandes de Oliveira, and José Marcus Rotta. "Amyloidosis presenting as multiple vertebral fractures." Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery 33, no. 03 (September 2014): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1626220.
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AbstractAmyloidosis is a plasma cell disorder characterized by the overproduction and tissue deposition of a monoclonal IG light chain or fragments. Musculoskeletal and soft tissue manifestations are arthropathy, myopathy, bone lesions, and lymphadenopathy. It can also present with symptoms and signs that mimic a variety of rheumatic conditions, such as scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome polymyalgia rheumatica, a myeloma or a bone tumour. We describe the case of a 64-year-old white woman with an acute history of fall from own height in whose investigation revealed fractures in T8, T9, T11 and L1. In order to determine the nature of lesion, the patient was submitted to percutaneous biopsy guided by fluoroscopy of T11, without any surgical complications. Pathological findings were compatible with deposition of amyloid protein and amyloidosis. Amyloidosis must be considered in differential diagnosis of pathological fractures together with other osteopenic and lytic conditions, such as bone metastasis, metabolic and infectious diseases.
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Lobanov, Mikhail N., Oleg Y. Bronov, Yuliya A. Abovich, Nataliya V. Ledikhova, Elena V. Turavilova, Sergey P. Morozov, and Natalya N. Kamynina. "Differential Diagnosis of Lungs Lesions in a New Coronavirus Infection COVID-19 and Diseases of Non-Viral Etiology on the Clinical Cases by Computed Tomography Scans in Outpatient CT Centers." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 75, no. 5S (December 4, 2020): 395–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn1429.
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New coronavirus infection (COVID-19) viral pneumonia diagnosed by a complex assessment of the epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, radiological and laboratory tests. Radiologists often play a leading role in diagnosis of viral pneumonia, since they may encounter suspicious changes according to radiological studies before clinicians. However, in a number of diseases, including diseases of non-infectious non-viral etiology with a corresponding similar clinical symptoms, it may be difficult to correctly assess the changes detected by computed tomography. This study uses clinical cases to show the main differential diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 viral pneumonia and non-infectious lesions such as pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, acute hypersensitive pneumonitis, drug-induced pneumonitis, non-specific interstitial pneumonia, and adenocarcinoma. All patients were hospitalized based on the results of computed tomography, where a diagnosis of non-infectious non-viral lung injuries was established based on morphological and/or typical clinical symptoms, laboratory or radiological data. We examined clinical cases with radiological signs similar to viral pneumonia, such as areas of ground glass opacities with the presence or absence of areas of consolidation, as well as thickening of the lung interstitium with decreased lung attenuation (crazy paving symptom). In a difficult epidemiological situation, it is important for a radiologist to suspect the above-mentioned pathological conditions in patients who are urgently admitted to outpatient CT centers.
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Hilton-Jones, David. "Myopathies." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 11, no. 2 (May 2001): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259801011248.
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Myopathy is a convenient shorthand term meaning muscle disease or dysfunction. In other words, the myopathies are those conditions in which the patient’s symptoms and signs can be attributed to a pathological process affecting either the structure of muscle fibres or their associated interstitial tissues, or to disturbance of the biochemical or electrophysiological function of those fibres. Myopathies are rare in all age ranges. They may be inherited or acquired. Onset of inherited myopathies in the elderly, not surprisingly, is uncommon, but some of these diseases are asymptomatic or cause such minor symptoms that their significance is not appreciated by the patient, and thus they may not be recognized until late on in life. Their recognition may have implications for other, younger, family members. Many of the acquired myopathies afflicting the elderly are treatable, but the commonest, inclusion body myositis, is not, and incorrect diagnosis and inappropriate use of steroids may compound morbidity.
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Grosso, Salvatore, Rosa Mostardini, Carlo Venturi, Sandra Bracco, Alfredo Casasco, Rosario Berardi, and Paolo Balestri. "Recurrent Torticollis Caused by Dissecting Vertebral Artery Aneurysm in a Pediatric Patient: Results of Endovascular Treatment by Use of Coil Embolization: Case Report." Neurosurgery 50, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200201000-00031.
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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Torticollis is a symptom that can be related to different pathological mechanisms ranging from simple to life-threatening conditions. We report a child with recurrent torticollis caused by an intracranial dissecting vertebral artery aneurysm. This is a very rare condition in childhood, and it was resolved successfully with endovascular treatment. CLINICAL PRESENTATION The patient was a 10-year-old boy with a 4-year history of left recurrent torticollis, followed by hemiparesis, dysarthria, dysmetria, and tremor. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and digital angiography detected a dissecting aneurysm involving the fourth segment of the left vertebral artery. INTERVENTION The patient underwent endovascular treatment. Coil embolization, followed by histoacryl injection into the lesion, provided complete obliteration of the aneurysmal sac. CONCLUSION The patient's postoperative course was characterized by a dramatic disappearance of symptoms and signs within a few hours of the intervention. No relapses of symptoms occurred during a follow-up period of 18 months. This is the first report of a child in whom recurrent torticollis was related to a dissecting vertebral artery aneurysm. Although long-term results of vertebral artery coil embolization remain to be elucidated, the method seems reliable and effective in treatment of these vascular lesions in pediatric patients.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms"
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Austin, Kimberley W. "Biological Mechanisms and Symptom Outcomes of Uncertainty and Psychological Stress in Parkinson’s Disease." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4716.
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The purpose of this work was to examine biological mechanisms and symptom outcomes of illness uncertainty and psychological stress in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by complex symptoms that fluctuate in onset, severity, level of disability, and responsiveness to treatment. In addition to characteristic motor symptoms of tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability, a considerable number of individuals with PD also experience debilitating pain, fatigue, and medication-induced motor complications of dyskinesia, dystonia, and on-off phenomena. The unpredictable nature of PD symptoms and motor complications coupled with the inability to halt or slow disease progression may result in uncertainty and psychological stress. Evidence is lacking regarding biological mechanisms and symptom outcomes of uncertainty and psychological stress in PD. As such, 80 men and women diagnosed with PD after the age of 49 were recruited to participate in this study. Data specific to characteristics that may contribute to uncertainty and psychobehavioral measures of uncertainty, appraisal, psychological stress, and symptom outcomes of motor symptoms, pain, and fatigue were collected. Biological measures of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cytokines were obtained. The results revealed that participants perceived a moderate level of illness uncertainty. Uncertainty correlated significantly with motor symptoms, pain severity, and pain interference and predicted more severe pain severity and pain interference. Psychological stress correlated significantly with motor symptoms, pain severity, pain interference, and fatigue and predicted more severe symptoms across all outcomes. NPY was positively correlated with threat appraisals and psychological stress. Cytokines were below the level of detection in this sample, and not used beyond descriptive analyses. In summary, this study found uncertainty and psychological stress contributed to more severe symptom outcomes in PD. This knowledge may be used to guide future studies aimed at further elucidating biobehavioral symptom and health outcomes of uncertainty and psychological stress in PD. It will also facilitate the development of interventions specifically targeted to uncertainty and psychological stress for the ultimate purpose of improving symptom management, health outcomes, and disease progression in PD.
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Weber, Lebrun Emily Elise. "Factors Associated with Subjective Improvement Following Midurethral Sling Procedures for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Masters Thesis." eScholarship@UMMS, 2010. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/466.
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Background Female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) greatly affects quality of life. The midurethal sling (MUS) procedure has been widely accepted as the standard of care treatment for SUI, although there is little information regarding patients' subjective reports of symptom improvement.
Objectives The objective of this study was to identify clinical and demographic characteristics that predict subjective symptom improvement following MUS procedures in women with SUI.
Materials and Methods The study design was retrospective cohort. Subjects included women who underwent MUS between 2006 and 2008, returned mailed surveys and met our predefined inclusion criteria. Pre-operative data included demographics, prior surgery, co-morbid diseases, urodynamics and concomitant reconstructive surgery. Subjective improvement was measured by score improvement on the UIQ-7, UDI-6, the UDI stress subscale and Question 3 of the UDI, "Do you experience urine leakage related to physical activity, coughing, or sneezing?"
Results The mean age of the study sample was 57 years, parity was 2.5 and BMI was 28. Subjects with lower MUCP demonstrated more improvement on the UIQ-7. ΔUDI-6 stress subscale scores were more sensitive to symptom change than either the ΔUDI-6 or ΔUIQ-7. Older, menopausal subjects with urethral hypermobility and concomitant vaginal suspension showed less improvement than subjects without these characteristics. After controlling for urethral straining angle, PVR, menopause and time out from surgery, older age and concomitant vaginal suspension were associated with persistent post-op symptoms on the UDI-6 Question 3 and age remained the only variable associated with persistent symptoms on the UDI-6 stress subscale.
Conclusion Concurrent vaginal suspension and advancing age were risk factors for persistent symptoms following MUS procedures in patients with SUI. Symptoms may recur after 24 post-operative months. Clinicians are encouraged to provide additional preoperative counseling to those women who are at greatest risk for persistent symptoms.
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Simon, Remil B. S., Darshan M. D. Shah, Peter B. S. Blosser, Demetrio M. D. Macariola, and Jeffrey M. D. Carlsen. "Treatment of CMV Vitritis in a Preterm Newborn." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/165.
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Title: Treatment of CMV Vitritis in a Preterm Newborn
Author’s Section: Remil Simon1, Darshan Shah1, Peter Blosser1, Demetrio Macariola1, Jeffrey Carlsen2
1.Department of Pediatrics, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN
2.Johnson City Eye Clinic, Johnson City, TN
Body: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in the neonate is an infrequent occurrence in the developing world, and observing the symptoms of ocular CMV infection such as vitritis is rare. Treating CMV infection promptly is necessary to prevent mortality and potential neurological deficits including blindness and hearing loss. We encountered a preterm infant presenting with CMV sepsis immediately after birth. Our question was: will the current standard of treatment for CMV sepsis prevent CMV ocular infection? With our method of treatment, we followed the current standard of treatment for CMV infection by administering intravenous Gancyclovir for 6 weeks and oral Valgancyclovir for 6 months. Despite using the standard treatment to prevent neurological sequelae, the patient developed CMV vitritis and retinitis bilaterally. Although the treatment did not prevent CMV ocular infection, the severity of CMV retinitis and vitritis improved with treatment, and full resolution of vitritis was noted by day of life 61.
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Nath, Bharath D. "Hypoxia Inducible Factors in Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2009. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/525.
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Chronic intake of alcohol can result in a range of pathology in the liver. Whilst the earliest changes observed with chronic ethanol, including the accumulation of lipid, or steatosis, are readily reversible upon cessation of alcohol consumption, longer exposure to ethanol may achieve more complex disease states including steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis that can cause irreversible damage and progress to fulminant hepatic failure. A key concept in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease is that chronic ethanol primes the liver to increased injury through an interplay between hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells, chiefly immune cells, of the liver. These relationships between hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cell types in alcoholic liver disease are reviewed in Chapter 1A.
The Hypoxia Inducible Factors are a set of transcription factors that classically have been described as affecting a homeostatic response to conditions of low oxygen tension. Alcoholic liver disease is marked by increased hepatic metabolic demands, and some evidence exists for increased hepatic tissue hypoxia and upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor mRNA with chronic alcohol. However, the biological significance of these findings is unknown. In Chapter 1B, we review the literature on recent investigations on the role of hypoxia inducible factors in a broad array of liver diseases, seeking to find common themes of biological function.
In subsequent chapters, we investigate the hypothesis that a member of the hypoxia inducible- factor family, HIF1α, has a role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. In Chapter 2, we establish a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease and report data confirming HIF1α activation with chronic ethanol. We demonstrate that HIF1α protein, mRNA, and DNA binding activity is upregulated in ethanol-fed mice versus pair-fed mice, and that some upregulation of HIF2α protein is observable as well. In Chapter 3, we utilize a mouse model of hepatocyte-specific HIF1α activation and demonstrate that such mice have exacerbated liver injury, including greater triglyceride accumulation than control mice. Using cre-lox technology, we introduce a degradation resistant mutant of HIF1α in hepatocytes, and after four weeks of ethanol feeding, we demonstrate that mice with the HIF1α transgene have increased liver-weight to body weight ratio and higher hepatic triglyceride levels. Additionally, several HIF1α target genes are upregulated. In Chapter 4, we examine the relationship between HIF1α activation and hepatic lipid accumulation using a recently published in vitro system, in which lipid accumulation was observed after treating Huh7 cells with the chemokine Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1). We report that MCP-1 treatment induces HIF1α nuclear protein accumulation, that HIF1α overexpression in Huh7 cells induces lipid accumulation, and finally, that HIF1α siRNA prevents MCP-1 induced lipid accumulation. In Chapter 5, we use mouse models to investigate the hypothesis that suppression of HIF1α in hepatocytes or cells of the myeloid lineage may have differing effects on the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. We find that ethanol-fed mice expressing a hepatocyte-specific HIF1α deletion mutant exhibit less elevation in liver-weight body ratio and diminished hepatic triglycerides versus wild-type mice; furthermore, we find that challenging these mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) results in less liver enzyme elevation and inflammatory cytokine secretion than in wild-type mice. In Chapter 6, we offer a final summary of our findings and some directions for future work.
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French, Cynthia L. "Examining Change in Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Adults after Treatment of Chronic Cough: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2014. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsn_diss/31.
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Background: Chronic cough is a common health problem with variable success rates to standardized treatment. Psychologic symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress have been reported in association with chronic cough. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the psychologic symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in adults with chronic cough 3 months after management using the ACCP cough treatment guidelines.
Methods: This study used a descriptive longitudinal observation design. The major tenets associated with the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms were examined. Intervention fidelity to the study components was measured.
Results: A sample of 80 consecutive patients with chronic cough of greater than 8 weeks duration was recruited from one cough specialty clinic. Mean age of subjects was 58.54 years; 68.7% were female; 98.7% were white, and 97.5% were non-smokers. Mean cough duration was 85.99 months and mean cough severity was 6.11 (possible 0 –10; higher scores equal greater cough severity). Cough severity improved post treatment (n=65, M=2.32, (SE =.291), t (64) =7.98, p=.000); cough-specific quality-of-life also improved (n=65, M=9.17, (SE=1.30), t (64) =7.02, p=.000). Physiologic (urge-to-cough r=.360, ability to speak r=.469) and psychologic factors (depression r=.512, anxiety r=.507, stress r=.484) were significantly related to cough-specific quality-of-life and to cough severity (urge-to-cough r=.643, ability to speak r=.674 and depression r=.356, anxiety r=.419, stress r=.323) (all r, p=.01); social support and number of diagnoses were not related to either variable. Those experiencing greater financial strain had worse cough severity. Women, those experiencing financial strain, and those taking self-prescribed therapy had worse cough-specific quality-of-life. Intervention fidelity to the study plan was rated as high according to observation, participant receipt, and patient/physician concordance. Qualitative review identified potential areas of variability with intervention fidelity.
Conclusions: By measuring the factors related to the major tenets of the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms, this theory has helped to explain why those with chronic cough may have symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress and why these symptoms improve as cough severity and cough-specific quality-of-life improve. Moreover, by measuring intervention fidelity, it may be possible to determine why cough guidelines may not be yielding consistently favorable results.
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Briggs, Virginia G. "Injection Treatment for Lower Back Pain in Older Adults with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2009. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/439.
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Background:Lower back pain is one of the most common health-related complaints in the adult population. Thirty percent of Americans 65 years and older reported symptoms of lower back pain in 2004. With an aging population, the proportion of people over the age of 65 is expected to reach 20% by the year 2030. Because of this increase in older adults, lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) associated with arthritic changes will also likely increase. In older adults, lower back pain is most often caused by degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Stenosis is the narrowing ofthe spinal canal, causing pressure on the nerve roots and is frequently treated surgically. Lumbar spinal stenosis is one of the most common reasons for back surgery in patients 65 years and older 2. However, risks associated with surgery increase with age 3-5 and older patients may choose non-surgical treatment for their lower back pain, including injection treatment.
Injection treatment, usually consisting of anti-inflammatory medications and analgesics, has improved since the mid-1990's when fluoroscopic guidance was developed. Information about injection treatment for lower back pain is limited, especially in the older population. An extensive review of published literature regarding injection treatment revealed a paucity of information about older adults diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis. In this study, three aims were designed to gain more information about the effectiveness of injection treatment in older patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. In the first (retrospective) study, information about receipt of second injections and time between injections was collected to examine injection usage. In the second and third (prospective) studies, information about pain relief and functional return following injection treatment was collected to examine the effectiveness of injection treatment in patients age 60 and older diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis. To our knowledge, such results have not been repolted for this population in the literature.
Objective:Injection treatment is a commonly used non-surgical procedure to alleviate lower back pain in older adults. However, older patients do not have enough information about how long pain relief will last after treatment or the amount of pain relief and functional return they will experience. These studies focused on three topics: 1) usage of injection treatment; 2) effectiveness of injection treatment on pain relief; 3) effectiveness of injection treatment on functional return. In addition, the variations of the effectiveness were examined by selected patient attributes.
Methods:In a retrospective study, medical records of patients aged 60 years or older from a high volume dedicated spine center at the University of Massachusetts Memorial Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. This study included those diagnosed with degenerative LSS, who had not received an injection for lower back pain within six months, and whom were treated between June I, 2006 and May 31, 2007.
In two prospective studies, patients scheduled for lumbar injection treatment between January 1 and June 30, 2008 were selected from the University of Massachusetts Memorial Hospital Spine Center. Selection criteria included patients age 60 and over, diagnosed with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and no previous lumbar injection within 6 months or lumbar surgery within 2 years. The Pain sub-score of the SF-36 questionnaire was used to measure pain at baseline and at one and three months post injection. The Physical Component Score (PCS) of the SF-36 questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to measure function at baseline and at one and three months post injection. Variations in longitudinal changes in scores by patient characteristics were analyzed in both unadjusted (univariate) analyses using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and adjusted (multiple regression) analyses using linear mixed effects models.
Results: In the retrospective cohort, the mean age of the cohort was 68, 64% were female, 59% were married, with a mean Body Mass index of 32 kg/m2. Of 92 eligible patients, 57% returned for a second injection within six months of the first. The mean number of months between injections was 4.8 for all patients, ranging from 1 to 22 months. When patient characteristics were examined, the only variable that showed a statistically significant difference was age. Patients aged 70 years and older were found to be 67% less likely to return for a second injection when compared to patients age 60-69 (OR=0.33 (0.12 - 0.94)p In the prospective cohort, information was collected on 62 patients. Mean Pain scores improved significantly from baseline to one month (14.1 points), and from baseline to three months (8.3 points). Post injection changes in Pain scores varied by Body Mass Index (BMI) and baseline emotional health. Based on a linear mixed effects model analysis, higher baseline emotional health, as measured by the SF-36 Mental Component Score (MCS>50), was associated with greater reduction in pain over three months when compared to lower emotional health (MCS Conclusion: Patients over age 70 do not return for repeat injection as frequently as patients age 60-69. In addition, each year a patient ages over age 60, they are 10% less likely to return for a repeat injection. Lower back pain in older adults with LSS is clinically significantly alleviated after injection treatment. In addition, injection treatment for LSS is associated with return of lost function needed for daily living activities in older adults. Pain relief and functional return varies by patient personal and clinical characteristics. Higher emotional health was associated with more pain relief and more functional return experienced over three months following injection treatment. Additional information is needed about why older patients do not return for second injections at the same rate as younger patients and how emotional health affects response to injection treatment in older adults.
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Tran, Khanh-Van T. "Origin of White and Brown Adipose Cells From Vascular Endothelium: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2012. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/591.
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Obesity is associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. The current obesity epidemic is the result of surplus energy consumption. Excess energy is stored in expanding adipose tissue. Adipose tissue growth entails the enlargement of existing adipocytes, the formation of new fat cells from preexisting progenitors, and the coordinated development of supporting vasculature. Identifying adipocyte progenitors and the mechanism of adipose tissue expansion is crucial for the development of new strategies to combat obesity and its complications.
Though important progress has been made towards understanding the developmental origin of adipocytes, the identities of adipocyte progenitors are still not completely known. The main objective of this study is to determine whether endothelial cells of the adipose tissue can give rise to new adipocytes. Our results indicate that murine endothelial cells of adipose tissue are pluripotent and can potentially give rise to preadipocytes. Lineage tracing experiments using the VE-Cadherin-Cre transgenic mouse reveal localization of reporter genes in endothelial cells, preadipocytes and white and brown adipocytes. Moreover, capillary sprouts from human adipose tissue, which have predominantly endothelial cell characteristics, are found to express Zfp423, a preadipocyte determination factor. In response to PPARγ activation, endothelial characteristics of sprouting cells are progressively lost, and cells form structurally and biochemically defined adipocytes. Taken together, our data support an endothelial origin of a population of adipocytes. The ability of the vascular endothelium to give rise to adipocytes may explain how angiogenesis and adipogenesis can be temporally and spatially coordinated.
Analysis of BAT and WAT revealed that adipose depots have distinct compositions of adipocyte progenitors. Of the CD45-CD29+Sca1+CD24+ progenitor population, only 17% and 52% express VE-Cadherin in WAT and BAT, respectively. Our data show that the number of these specific progenitors in BAT and WAT are highly variable and suggest that a considerable number of adipocytes progenitors may have a non-endothelial cell origin. Differences in composition and types of adipocyte progenitors may explain the differences in the adipocytes phenotypes that we observe in discrete depots.
In brief, we find that the vascular endothelium gives rise to a population of brown and white fat cells, and that the number of endothelial-derived adipocyte progenitors residing in BAT and WAT is highly variable. These results expand our current understanding of adipose tissue growth, and, we hope, will accelerate the development of treatments for obesity-related complications.
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McManus, David D. "Incidence, prognosis, and factors associated with cardiac arrest in patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndromes (the GRACE Registry): A master's thesis." eScholarship@UMMS, 2012. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/593.
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Objectives: Contemporary data are lacking with respect to the incidence rates of, factors associated with, and impact of cardiac arrest from ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia (VF-CA) on hospital survival in patients admitted with an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The objectives of this multinational study were to characterize trends in the magnitude of in-hospital VF-CA complicating an ACS and describe its impact over time on hospital prognosis.
Methods: The study population consisted of 59,161 patients enrolled in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events Study between 2000 and 2007. Overall, 3,618 patients (6.2%) developed VF-CA during their hospitalization for an ACS. Incidence rates of VF-CA declined over time, albeit in an inconsistent manner. Patients who experienced VF-CA were on average older and had a greater burden of cardiovascular disease, yet were less likely to receive evidence-based cardiac therapies than patients in whom VF-CA did not occur. Hospital death rates were 55.3% and 1.5% in patients with and without VF-CA, respectively. There was a greater than 50% decline in the hospital death rates associated with VF-CA during the years under study. Patients with a VF-CA occurring after 48 hours were at especially high risk for dying during hospitalization (82.8%).
Conclusions: Despite reductions in the magnitude of, and short-term mortality from, VF-CA between 2000 and 2007, VF-CA continues to exert a significant adverse effect on survival among patients hospitalized with an ACS. Opportunities exist to improve the identification and treatment of ACS patients at risk for VF-CA to reduce the incidence of, and mortality from, this serious arrhythmic disturbance.
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Benoit, Vivian M. "Host Cell Attachment by Lyme Disease and Relapsing Fever Spirochetes: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2010. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/512.
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Host cell attachment by pathogenic bacteria can play very different roles in the course of infection. The pathogenic spirochetes Borrelia hermsii and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato which cause relapsing fever and Lyme disease, respectively, are transmitted by the bite of infected ticks. After transmission, these spirochetes can cause systemic infection. Relapsing fever spirochetes remain largely in the bloodstream causing febrile episodes, while Lyme disease will often colonize a variety of tissues, such as the heart, joint and nervous system, resulting in a chronic multisystemic disorder. Borrelia species have the ability to bind to various cell types, a process which plays a crucial role in pathogenesis and may influence spirochetal clearance from the bloodstream. Colonization of multiple tissues and cell types is likely promoted by the ability to bind to components found in target tissues, and many B. burgdorferi adhesins have been shown to promote attachment to a wide variety of cells and extracellular matrix components. Different Lyme disease strains have been shown to preferentially colonize certain tissues, although the basis of this tissue tropism is not well understood. In this study we found that among different Lyme disease strains, allelic variation of the adhesin DbpA contributes to variation in its in vitro binding activities raising the possibility that this variation contributes to tissue tropism in vivo. In studying B. hermsii infection, we found evidence by both histological and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of tissues that indicated that red blood cells were removed by tissue resident macrophages in infected mice. Spirochetes in the spleen and liver were often visualized associated with RBCs, lending support to the hypothesis that direct interaction of B. hermsii spirochetes with RBCs leads to clearance of bacteria from the bloodstream. Our findings indicate that host cell attachment play a key role in the establishment of Lyme disease infection, and in contrast contributes to the clearance of relapsing fever infection.
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Awad, Hamza H. "Use of Multinational Registries to Assess and Compare Outcomes of Patients with an Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/546.
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Background Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the developed world. By 2020, ACS will be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, largely due to substantial increases in ACS burden in developing countries. The developing world has been under-represented in international ACS registries. The Arabian Gulf area is a part of the developing world where little is known about the epidemiology of ACS. The first aim of the dissertation is to compare ACS patient characteristics, current practice patterns, and in-hospital outcomes in the Arabian Gulf area to a large multinational sample. Patients with an ACS suffer numerous clinical complications that worsen their prognosis. Cardiogenic shock (CS) is the most serious complication of ACS and the leading cause of in-hospital death. Despite advances in therapies; CS hospital mortality rates continue to exceed 50%. The second aim of the dissertation is to describe the characteristics of patients presenting with ACS complicated by cardiogenic shock, their management, and outcomes in a large multinational sample.
In recent years, ACS has been increasingly affecting younger patients. While marked age-related differences have been observed in the risk of developing as well as the prognosis of ACS, few studies however examined time trends in the epidemiology of ACS in young adult patients. The third aim of the dissertation is to examine trends in frequency rates, patient characteristics, treatment practices, and outcomes in young adults hospitalized with an ACS.
Methods Data from two large multinational registries of patients hospitalized with an ACS were used for this investigation. Nearly 65,000 patients were enrolled in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) between 2000 and 2007, while 6,700 patients participated in the Gulf Registry of Acute Coronary Events (Gulf RACE) in 2007.
Results Aim1: Patients in Gulf RACE were significantly younger and were more likely to be male, diabetic, and smoke Compared to GRACE. Patients in Gulf RACE were less likely to receive evidence based therapies. Short-term mortality rates were comparable between the two patient cohorts. Aim2: Compared to patients with no CS, patients with CS were more likely to be older, female, have a history of diabetes, and heart failure. Patients with CS were less likely to receive effective cardiac catheterization and adjunctive cardiac medications. In-hospital case-fatality rate of patients with CS were 59.4%. While in-hospital mortality declines over the study period, incidence rates only showed minor declines. Aim2: Baseline characteristics of patients < 55 years of age did not significantly change, while the use of evidence based therapies increased significantly during the years under study. Rates of short-term adverse outcomes and mortality significantly declined over time.
Conclusions We observed marked regional differences in the risk profile, clinical management, and outcomes of patients with an ACS internationally compared to the Arab Middle East. Despite the encouraging trends in the use of evidence based therapies which have likely contributed to the improving trends in the prognosis of ACS, rates of development of ACS, as well as mortality due to ACS complications, remain high.
Books on the topic "Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms"
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Fish, F. J. Fish's clinical psychopathology: Signs and symptoms in psychiatry. 2nd ed. Bristol: J. Wright, 1985.
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Fish, Frank. Fish's Clinical psychopathology: Signs and symptoms in psychiatry. 2nd ed. Bristol: John Wright, 1985.
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Atre, Vaidya Nutan, ed. Descriptive psychopathology: The signs and symptoms of behavioral disorders. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
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Topical diagnosis in neurology: Anatomy, physiology, signs, symptoms. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1989.
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Peter, Duus. Topical diagnosis in neurology: Anatomy, physiology, signs, symptoms. 3rd ed. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1998.
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Fish, F. J. Fish's clinical psychopathology: Signs and symptoms in psychiatry. 3rd ed. London: Gaskell, 2007.
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The obesity reality: A comprehensive approach to a growing problem. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2012.
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Hicks, James Whitney. Fifty signs of mental illness: A guide to understanding mental health. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005.
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Weinberg, Mea A. The dentist's quick guide to medical conditions. Ames, Iowa: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014.
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E, Ulbricht Catherine, and Natural Standard (Firm), eds. Natural Standard medical conditions reference: An integrative approach. St. Louis: Mosby, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms"
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Rosenfield, David B. "Symptoms and Signs in Brain Disease." In Comprehensive Guide to Neurosurgical Conditions, 83–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06566-3_9.
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Williams, Mark A., and Michelle Y. Martin. "Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions." In Handbook of clinical health psychology: Volume 1. Medical disorders and behavioral applications., 533–53. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10469-016.
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Adams, Robert. "Illnesses and Conditions: Signs and Symptoms." In Foundations of Health and Social Care, 237–42. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-22933-4_25.
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Creasey, Graham H. "Symptoms and Signs to Look for After a Spinal Cord Injury." In Emergency Approaches to Neurosurgical Conditions, 157–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10693-9_13.
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Hemmer, Robert. "Signs and symptoms of infections and differential diagnosis from noninfectious conditions." In Infectious Complications of Cancer, 31–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1239-0_2.
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Robinson, Chapman. "Pulmonary hypertension (PHT)." In Oxford Handbook of Respiratory Medicine, edited by Stephen J. Chapman, Grace V. Robinson, Rahul Shrimanker, Chris D. Turnbull, and John M. Wrightson, 449–66. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198837114.003.0038.
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PHT is a haemodynamic and pathophysiological state that can be found in multiple clinical conditions. Each group has differing characteristic pathological features, but vasoconstriction, remodelling of the pulmonary vessel wall, medial hypertrophy of distal pulmonary arteries ± fibrotic change, and thrombosis lead to raised pulmonary vascular resistance and ultimately right heart failure. The symptoms of PHT are primarily due to RV dysfunction. The symptoms are non-specific, often leading to a delay in diagnosis from first symptoms, which include exertional breathlessness, due to the inability to increase cardiac output with exercise. WHO functional assessment classification is used to quantify the condition. Other symptoms include chest pain (right heart angina), fatigue and weakness, syncope or pre-syncope, due to a fall in systemic BP on exercise, palpitations, peripheral oedema and other signs of right-sided fluid overload.
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Rosmarin, Caryn. "Infection of the Central Nervous System." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0043.
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Meningism is the syndrome of the triad of symptoms of headache, neck stiffness, and photophobia caused by irritation of the meninges. While it is often associated with a diagnosis of meningitis, it is also present in other conditions causing meningeal irritation such as subarachnoid haemorrhage, trigeminal neuralgia, migraine, or febrile illness in children. Meningitis is process of inflammation of the meninges, which may or may not be due to an infectious agent. Strictly speaking, it is a pathological diagnosis, but in lieu of the impracticability of biopsying the meninges, surrogate markers are used to infer inflammation. These include raised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white cell count and protein; and meningeal enhancement using contrast enhanced MRI or CT of the brain. Encephalitis is process of inflammation of the brain parenchyma. Strictly speaking, it is again a pathological diagnosis, and again surrogate markers are used to infer this inflammation, although it is slightly more difficult due to the protected nature of the brain. CSF white cell count and protein are expected to be elevated and parenchymal inflammation may be seen on contrast enhanced MRI. Meningoencephalitis is a combination of the above with inflammation of both the meninges and the adjoining brain parenchyma. Aseptic meningitis is said to be present when there is meningism and signs of meningeal inflammation on CSF and imaging, but no bacterial cause is found on culture or molecular diagnostics. Viral meningitis is the commonest cause, although post-neurosurgical aseptic meningitis is often chemical in nature. Meningism plus fever are the classic symptoms of meningitis. The onset may be acute, subacute, or chronic, depending on the cause. Neck stiffness may range from mild discomfort to an almost rigid neck and is not a sensitive test in young children or elderly. While not used routinely and with low sensitivity particularly in young children and elderly, Kernig’s and Brudkzinski’s signs, both of which stretch the meninges worsening the irritation and increasing pain, have a good positive predictive value. Non-specific signs of intracranial pathology may be present, such as signs of raised intracranial pressure (ICP), vomiting, reduced level of consciousness, focal neurological signs, seizures, or irritability, especially in the immunocompromised, elderly, and young children who may not have classic signs and symptoms.
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Wood, Nicholas. "Ataxic disorders." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Christopher Kennard, 5976–86. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0587.
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Ataxia is a feature of disorders of the cerebellum and its connections. It may be found in a large range of neurological conditions, in some of which it is the principal or main feature, but clinical assessment is complicated by the fact that few ataxic patients have disease restricted to the cerebellum alone. The term ataxia derived from the Greek means ‘irregularity’ or ‘disorderliness’. Unsteadiness can result from several causes, including poor vision, impairment of postural reflexes, or due to a deficiency of sensory input (i.e. sensory ataxia). This chapter focuses on the symptoms, signs, and the pathological and clinical features of the disorders of the cerebellum (and its connections).
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Donovan, Sean, and Heidi Cordi. "Stridor." In Acute Care Casebook, edited by Jeremy T. Cushman, 63–66. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190865412.003.0014.
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This case illustrates acute respiratory distress in pediatric patient populations. More specifically, it highlights signs of upper airway obstruction, including stridor. This type of presentation most frequently occurs with croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis, but can also occur in other pathologic conditions, which are briefly discussed. Croup is a viral infection that causes upper respiratory tract symptoms, including a harsh “seal-like” barking cough, secondary to mucosal edema in the upper airway. Significant swelling can cause respiratory distress with development of stridor, prompting treatment with nebulized epinephrine. In addition, steroid medication is often administered for longer term symptom control. Most children recover well in a relatively short time period.
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Starcevic, MD, PhD, Vladan. "Generalized Anxiety Disorder." In Anxiety Disorders in Adults. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195369250.003.0007.
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The main characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are chronic pathological worry, other manifestations of nonphobic anxiety, and various symptoms of tension. Physical symptoms of anxiety are usually less prominent in GAD than in panic disorder, but they can still be an important component of clinical presentation. Behaviors that are often seen in other anxiety disorders, such as overt avoidance, are conspicuously absent. Unlike all other anxiety disorders, it is more likely for GAD in clinical setting to co-occur with a primary condition for which help has been sought–usually depression or other anxiety disorder–than to be the main reason for seeking professional help. Generalized anxiety disorder is one of the more controversial members of the family of anxiety disorders: it seems that almost every aspect of GAD has provoked debates that do not show signs of abating. Paradox, disagreement, debate, and controversy are the words most commonly associated with GAD. It is small wonder then that the list of ‘‘hot topics’’ related to GAD could be very long indeed. Listed below is a selection of issues thought to represent adequately a more comprehensive list…. 1. What are the characteristic features of GAD that would help in its conceptualization? Pathological worry, other cognitive aspects of anxiety, manifestations of tension, and/or (some) symptoms of autonomic arousal? What combination of these features would ensure that GAD is diagnosed adequately and recognized in clinical practice? 2. What is the relationship between pathological worry and GAD? 3. How can different views on what constitutes the essence of GAD be reconciled? Is GAD a single entity or are there two or more ‘‘types’’ of GAD with distinct clinical characteristics? 4. How is GAD related to depressive disorders, other anxiety disorders, and personality disturbance? Where are its boundaries? In view of its close relationship with depression, should GAD be classified along with depression and perhaps renamed accordingly? 5. Can GAD exist on its own, without depression or other anxiety disorders? What could be features specific enough for GAD that would allow it to establish itself as an independent and valid psychopathological and diagnostic entity? 6. What are the pathophysiological correlates of pathological worry and other aspects of chronic anxiety in GAD? 7. What are the underlying mechanisms and purpose of pathological worry in GAD? What is the meaning of chronic anxiety?
Conference papers on the topic "Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms"
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Pereira, Elaine Valias Sodré, Carolina Pessoni Garcia, and Maria José D’Elboux. "CASP-19 AND THE HEALTH AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES OF OLDER ADULTS PARTICIPATING IN FIBRA 80+." In XXII Congresso Brasileiro de Geriatria e Gerontologia. Zeppelini Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z2447-21232021res06.
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INTRODUCTION: Assessing quality of life in older adults is relevant due to the significant increase in this population. Based on Maslow’s need hierarchy model, CASP-19 is a broad measure of quality of life that focuses on positive aspects of older adults’ lives, regardless of health conditions or other factors. OBJECTIVE: To compare sociodemographic and health variables with quality of life according to CASP-19 scores. METHODOLOGY: Using data from the Frailty in Brazilian Older People (FIBRA 80+) follow-up study, this study included 233 adults aged ≥ 80 years who resided near the University of Campinas (Campinas, SP, Brazil). Sociodemographic variables (gender, age, and perceived social support), health variables (perceived health status and depressive symptoms) and quality of life were evaluated. RESULTS: The participants were predominantly women (69.09%) with a mean age of 83.46 ± 3.7 years. A total of 77.25% rated their health as fair or good, and 79% showed no signs of depression. The mean CASP-19 score was 41.8 ± 2.62 points, which corresponds to better well-being (total scores range from 0 to 57). Among the instrument’s domains, autonomy and pleasure obtained the highest mean scores (11.15 and 11.64 respectively). When comparing these variables with quality of life, social support (p = 0.001), depressive symptoms (p <0.001), and perceived health status (p <0.001) were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Older adults who were satisfied with their social support, presented no depressive symptoms, and who rated their health as good or very good had higher overall quality of life scores.
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Hebert, Kendra, and Lisa Best. "FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO WELL-BEING: COMPARING FUNCTIONAL SOMATIC SYMPTOM DISORDERS AND WELL-DEFINED AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact027.
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"Functional somatic symptom disorders (FSSDs) are defined by persistent and chronic bodily complaints without a pathological explanation. Mindfulness involves the focus on the present moment by noticing surroundings, thoughts, feelings, and events, being nonreactive, being non-judgemental, and self-accepting. Psychological flexibility (PF) involves a focus on the present and the prioritization of thoughts, emotions, and behaviours that align with individual values and goals (Francis et al., 2016). Although PF does not involve a mindfulness practice, the two constructs are related. Research indicates consistent reported positive associations between mindfulness, PF, psychological wellbeing, and medical symptoms. In this study, individuals with FSSDs (fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome) were compared to those with well-defined autoimmune illnesses (multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis; AD) to determine how psychosocial factors affect wellness. Participants (N = 609) were recruited from social media and online support groups and completed questionnaires to assess physical health (Chang et al., 2006), psychological wellness (Diener et al., 1985), anxiety (Spitzer et al., 2006), depression (Martin et al., 2006), psychological flexibility, (Francis et al., 2016) and mindfulness (Droutman et al., 2018]. Results indicated that having an FSSD and higher depression was associated with both lower physical and psychological wellness. Interestingly, different aspects of psychological flexibility predicted physical and psychological wellness. These results suggest that different aspects of PF are associated with better physical and psychological health. As PF is modifiable, individuals with chronic conditions could receive training that could ultimately improve their overall health."