Academic literature on the topic 'Pathological internet use'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pathological internet use"
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Kaya Aktaş, Gamze, Nur İnci Namlı, Hesna Durmuş, and Sevcan Karakoç. "The effect of mothers' pathological internet use and psychopathology on children's pathological internet use." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 27, no. 3 (2024): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/kpd.2024.94809.
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Maroma, Fabio Ogachi, Muchiri Karega, and John Samson Oteyo. "Relationship between depression and pathological internet use among university students." Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 14, no. 2 (2019): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v14i2.3123.
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There is a rapid growth in internet use in Kenya and especially among university students. This puts them at risk of becoming pathological internet users. This study sought to establish the relationship between depression and pathological internet use among university students in Kenya. The study used correlational design to establish the relationship between the variables. The target population was university students in Kenya. Convenience sampling was used to sample students from one public university and one private university. A total of 400 respondents participated in the study. Young’s Internet Addiction Test and Beck Depression Inventory were adapted to measure pathological internet use and depression respectively. Davis’ cognitive model of pathological internet use provided a theoretical basis for the study. Percentages and measures of central tendency were used to describe the data. The findings revealed a prevalence of 16.8% of pathological internet use and a prevalence of 23.6% of depression. Independent samples T-test was used to test for differences in pathological internet use between male and female students. The findings revealed that female students were likely to be pathological internet users compared to male students. Pearson’s product moment correlation was used to establish the relationship between depression and pathological internet use and it was found that a weak positive relationship existed between depression and pathological internet use. Based on the findings, it was concluded that there was need to identify and help the affected students exercise moderation and self control when using the internet in order for them to achieve their academic and lifetime goals. The findings of the study also provide empirical evidence on the gender differences in depression and pathological internet use which may be useful in improving counseling interventions for university students.
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Zeng, Weinan, Kaiyin Ye, Ying Hu, and Ze-Wei Ma. "Explicit self-esteem, loneliness, and pathological Internet use among Chinese adolescents." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 44, no. 6 (2016): 965–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2016.44.6.965.
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We explored the mediating role of loneliness in the relationship between explicit self-esteem and pathological Internet use in a sample of 624 Chinese adolescents. The participants were administered a series of measures, including the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3), and Young Internet Addiction Test. The results suggested that greater pathological Internet use was associated with lower explicit self-esteem and greater loneliness, but loneliness was positively correlated with pathological Internet use. The mediation analysis indicated that loneliness completely mediated the association between explicit self-esteem and pathological Internet use among adolescents, implying that lower explicit self-esteem was correlated with greater loneliness, which was then associated with greater pathological Internet use. Accordingly, enhancing adolescents' self-esteem and decreasing their feelings of loneliness may function as a preventive measure to help teenagers relieve their levels of pathological Internet use.
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Zeng, Wei, Hua Wei, and Meiting Liu. "Need for Distinctiveness Leads to Pathological Internet Use? The Perspective of Cognitive Behavioral Model." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2 (2023): 1609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021609.
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Based on the cognitive behavioral model of pathological Internet use and the gender role theory, this present study investigated the association between the need for distinctiveness and pathological Internet use. Additionally, we explored a mediating role of maladaptive cognition in the association between the need for distinctiveness and pathological Internet use and tested whether the mediation model was moderated by gender. A sample of 745 Chinese university students (Mage = 19.92, SDage = 1.42) was studied and participants completed anonymous questionnaires regarding the need for distinctiveness, maladaptive cognition, and pathological Internet use. Results revealed that the need for distinctiveness was positively associated with pathological Internet use, and the association between the need for distinctiveness and pathological Internet use was mediated by maladaptive cognition. In addition, gender moderated the association between maladaptive cognition and pathological Internet use; the effect was stronger for female participants than male participants. The findings expanded our understanding of the dark side of seeking distinctiveness. Practically, the results suggest that policymakers and psychological practitioners consider gender in preventing and intervening in pathological Internet use.
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Li, Xing-Kai, Pei-Shan Zhan, Shu-Dan Chen, and Jie Ren. "The Relationship between Family Functioning and Pathological Internet Use among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Hope and the Moderating Role of Social Withdrawal." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14 (2021): 7700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18147700.
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This study constructed a moderated mediation model based on problem behavior theory to explore the psychological mechanism of family functioning interaction with pathological internet use. We used the Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale, General Functioning Scale, Trait Hope Scale, and Social Withdrawal Scale to measure internet use in 1223 middle school students. The results showed that (1) pathological internet use was negatively correlated with family functioning and hope, and positively correlated with social withdrawal; family functioning was positively correlated with hope, and negatively correlated with social withdrawal; hope was negatively correlated with social withdrawal; (2) family functioning could not only directly predict pathological internet use, but also indirectly predict pathological internet use through hope; and (3) the mediating effect of family functioning on pathological internet use was moderated by social withdrawal, which was stronger for individuals with low social withdrawal but not significant for individuals with high social withdrawal. This study revealed the internal mechanism of the relation between family functioning and adolescents’ pathological internet use, which has theoretical significance for improving adolescents’ hope and reducing their pathological internet use.
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Davis, R. A. "A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use." Computers in Human Behavior 17, no. 2 (2001): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0747-5632(00)00041-8.
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Lemenager, T. "Psychological and Neurobiological Mechanisms of Pathological Internet Use." European Psychiatry 30 (March 2015): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30102-4.
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Chirita, V., R. Chirita, C. Stefanescu, M. Ilinca, and G. Chele. "Pathological internet use among Romanian children and teenagers." European Psychiatry 22 (March 2007): S184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.606.
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Liu, Qin-Xue, Xiao-Yi Fang, Lin-Yuan Deng, and Jin-Tao Zhang. "Parent–adolescent communication, parental Internet use and Internet-specific norms and pathological Internet use among Chinese adolescents." Computers in Human Behavior 28, no. 4 (2012): 1269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.02.010.
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Pressca Neging, Rosidah Musa, Jati Kasuma, and Maureen Neging. "Millennial And Internet: A Positive Behavioral Effect Of Pathological Internet Use (PIU)." International Journal of Business and Society 18, no. 3 (2017): 619–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.3156.2017.
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Drawing upon the media system dependency (MSD) theory, the current study examined how Millennialof KlangValley pathological Internet use(PIU)motivations affect their behavioral skills in schools. A total of 656upper-secondary schoolstudents studying in Klang Valley areas of Selangor, Malaysia participated in this survey.Structural Equation Modeling wasused to test the significance of the hypotheses.The survey results revealed that media (entertainment, Internet activities and pathological gambling) and personality (anxiety and neuroticism) factors had a significant impact on Millennial PIU. The results demonstrated that PIU –namely obsession, neglect and control disorder –has a positive impact on Millennial behavioral skill; Internet maven. Specifically, those seekingto build a virtual friendship through the Internet reported greater offline relationship and online skills.A theoretical framework adapted from MSDspecifically for this study generated new knowledge about factors that support a positiveapproach to PIU among Millennial.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pathological internet use"
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DiNicola, Michael D. "Pathological Internet use among college students the prevalance of pathological Internet use and its correlates /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1088177898.
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DiNicola, Michael D. "Pathological Internet Use among College Students: The Prevalence of Pathological Internet Use and its Correlates." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1088177898.
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Fortim, Ivelise. "Aspectos psicológicos do uso patológico de internet." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/15253.
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Previous issue date: 2013-04-12<br>Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação Científica - CEPE<br>The aim of this study was to understand the experience of Pathological Internet Use (PIU) from self-reported users who declare themselves as "internet addicts". This is qualitative research, being a documental, transversal and retrospective study. The data were treated in two approaches: (i) using a statistical program for text analysis; and (ii) using categories of analysis, which were then analyzed by Jungian Psychology. The survey was conducted with a sample of 189 subjects. A total of 278 messages sent by these subjects were collected in the period from 02/2001 until 06/2011. The results indicate that the most frequent use seems to be for communicating, for sexual purposes and for navigation. Men seem to feel more dependent on communication, sex and games, while women consider themselves more dependent on communication and relationships. Four presented more psychological aspects can be highlighted. The first aspect is relative to the control: the internet gives the user a sense of great control over relationships with others and the image of itself. The second is that PIU appears to be a process of coping with situations of stress and anxiety. The pleasure obtained by some Internet activities shown to be additive, which means that life is restricted to the computer; pleasure seems to be coming from the control of activities, the ability to escape that they can provide, the ease and availability of sexual material, the infinitude of information and people. The third is related to the characteristic of the internet being seen at the same time as illusory as real, which enable a "half real" relationship with other. The forth is that many individuals are using the internet because it seems to liberate shadow aspects, sexual behavior, aggressive and also another aspects which are known but not assumed to others (as in shyness), the Internet seems give the user the feeling that he can be free, can be whoever he wants without censorship or social sanctions. Many users report negative consequences, such as negatively impact at studies, work, family and marital conflicts, social impairment, carelessness with themselves and with children. It is concluded that the internet is not harmful itself, but may provide a pathological use with serious consequences for certain users who are in vulnerable situations and use the internet to alleviate problems<br>O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de compreender a vivência do uso patológico de internet (UPI) a partir do autorrelato de usuários que se declaram viciados de internet . Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, sendo um estudo documental, transversal e retrospectivo. Os dados foram tratados de duas formas: (i) usando um programa estatístico de análise de texto e (ii) usando categorias de análise, que foram posteriormente analisadas pela psicologia junguiana. A pesquisa foi realizada com uma amostra de 189 sujeitos. Foram utilizadas 278 mensagens enviadas por estes sujeitos, coletadas no período de 02/2001 a 06/2011. Os resultados indicam que, com relação ao uso abusivo principal da internet, os mais frequentes na amostra são para comunicação, para fins sexuais e para navegação. Os homens se sentem mais dependentes de comunicação, sexo e jogos, ao passo que as mulheres se consideram mais dependentes de comunicação e relacionamentos afetivos. Quatro aspectos psicológicos mais apresentados podem ser destacados. O primeiro é a dinâmica relativa ao controle: a internet dá ao usuário a sensação de controle grande sobre as relações com os outros e sobre a imagem de si mesmo. O segundo é que o UPI parece ser uma estratégia de coping, de enfrentamento de situações de estresse e ansiedade. O prazer obtido por algumas atividades na internet mostra ser adictivo, o que faz com que a vida fique restrita ao computador. O prazer parece ser advindo do controle das atividades, da capacidade de evasão que elas podem proporcionar, da facilidade e disponibilidade de materiais, da infinidade de informações e pessoas. O terceiro está ligado a característica de as atividades da internet serem vistas, ao mesmo tempo, como ilusórias e como reais; permitem um meio relacionamento com as pessoas. O quarto é que muitos sujeitos se utilizam da internet porque esta parece ter um papel libertador; seja de aspectos sombrios, de comportamentos sexuais, agressivos, seja de aspectos até conhecidos, mas pouco assumidos frente aos outros (como a timidez por exemplo). A internet parece dar a sensação ao usuário de que ali ele pode ser livre; pode ser quem quiser, sem censuras ou sanções sociais. Muitos usuários relatam consequências negativas graves, tais como prejuízos no trabalho, comprometimento social, prejuízos nos estudos, conflitos familiares e conjugais, descuido consigo mesmos e com seus dependentes. Conclui-se que a internet não é nociva em si, mas pode proporcionar um uso patológico com consequências graves para determinados usuários que estejam em situações fragilizadas e se utilizem da internet para alívio dos problemas
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Huang, Hung-Yu, and 黃宏宇. "Construction of pathological Internet use and Internet hostility models based on cognitive behavior theory among college students in three universities of northern Taiwan." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46970335031716504298.
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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>教育研究所<br>91<br>Based on the cognitive behavior theory, this study is aimed to analyze the relation between pathological Internet use (PIU) and Internet hostility. By conducting a questionnaire survey on a website, nine hundred and eighty seven samples were selected from students in three universities of northern Taiwan. The results can be analyzed from three models. First, in the model of pathological Internet use, it is concluded that cognitive distortions of pathological Internet use and the amount of time using Internet could predict pathological Internet use directly. Depression and Internet situational cues could predict pathological Internet use indirectly. Besides, the students with low achievement and undergraduate students had higher scores on the questionnaire of pathological Internet use.
Second, in the model of Internet hostility, it indicated that hostility cognitive distortions could predict Internet hostility directly. Depression and online flaming experience could predict Internet hostility indirectly. Moreover, male Internet users’ Internet hostility level was higher than females’, and the Internet users with low achievement showed more Internet hostility as well. The result of a clustering analysis demonstrated that samples could be grouped into three hostility style groups. They were the direct expression of Internet hostility group (26%), the silent group (27%), and the indirect expression of Internet hostility group (47%). The direct expression group reported to have higher scores on suspicion on Internet relations, expression of anger, direct oral aggression, group aggression, and other Internet aggression than other two groups.
Third, from the combination model of pathological Internet use and Internet hostility, the study found that pathological Internet use did not directly predict Internet hostility as the hypothesis suggested. Additionally, cognitive distortions had a significant way toward Internet disinhibition, i.e. pathological Internet use and Internet hostility.
The limitations of this study are in the following. First, because the samples came from the universities of northern Taiwan, it should be cautious to infer the results to other samples. Second, this study adopted questionnaire survey, so it provides quantitative descriptions without deeper understanding. Thus, a further qualitative study in the future is suggested. Third, the study didn’t offer counseling methods for PIU users. Finally, the researcher suggests teachers several preventive ways for student’s Internet hostility from the view of cognitive behavior therapy.
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Fan, Chieh-Chen, and 范傑臣. "The Influence of Interpersonal Interaction and Social Support to High School Students'' Pathological Internet Use. A High School in Taoyuan as example." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99959604354755293750.
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碩士<br>元智大學<br>資訊社會學研究所<br>91<br>After Internet becomes popular, it’s an important method to get information for many people. Because of the encourage of government’s information policy and the younger age of Network users, Using Internet is not a professional skill any more. Also Internet becomes an important filed for teenager to meet friends, develop relationship, and research information. Recently, the topic about teenager “Pathological Internet Use” is common to be discussed. Most of researches about this topic are for understanding young people’s Internet behaviors and their psychological elements after they are addicted to Internet. However, these researches don’t mention young network users attach importance to their friends’ opinions and social support. In order to understand the influence of young people pathological internet use, this research is focusing on high school students and the levels of young people’s social interact, the types of teenager’s interpersonal interact, the types of reality and Internet’s social support.
This research is based on the survey that is specifically on students in one Taoyuan high school. There are 507 usable surveys (in the total of 529 surveys) and 96﹪reply. In this research, young people pathological internet use is dependent variable, and interpersonal interact and social support are independent variables.
The result of this research shows that after high school students are addicted to Internet, the influence to their interpersonal interact, “self-loneness” and “interact between two different genders” occurs. And “Internet social-support” of social support appears because high school students depend on Internet to “reduce the feeling of loneliness” and “ease their emotions”. So the influence to high school students pathological internet use occurs is because of interpersonal interact. Beside, high school students pathological internet use could be positive. High school students could ease their emotions by using Internet. Internet is a tool that high school students use to reduce to feeling of loneliness and ease their emotions. For high school students as teenage, Internet becomes a method for them to satisfy the need of relationship between friends.
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林曉玲. "A Study On Adolescents, Pathological Internet Uses,And Their Related Factors." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20421955793137593672.
Full textBooks on the topic "Pathological internet use"
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Young, Kimberly. Assessment and Treatment of Problem Internet Use. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0113.
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Research over the last decade has identified Internet addiction as a new and often unrecognized clinical disorder that impacts a user’s ability to control online use to the extent that it can cause relational, occupational, and social problems. Symptoms of problem Internet use are compared to the criteria used to diagnose other addictions. In particular, pathological gambling is compared to problematic Internet use because of overlapping criteria. As new cases of problem Internet use are being documented, this chapter describes the diagnostic and treatment implications of the disorder. As computers are used with great frequency, detection and diagnosis of Internet addiction are often difficult. Symptoms of a possible problem may be masked by legitimate use of the Internet, and clinicians may not ask questions about computer use because problem Internet use is still a new and often unrecognized condition. This chapter outlines diagnostic conceptualizations of problem Internet use including the DSM-V proposed criteria for Pathological Computer Use, assessment techniques, and treatment considerations.
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Young, Kimberly. Assessment and Treatment of Problem Internet Use. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.029_update_001.
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Research over the last decade has identified Internet addiction as a new and often unrecognized clinical disorder that impacts a user’s ability to control online use to the extent that it can cause relational, occupational, and social problems. Symptoms of problem Internet use are compared to criteria used to diagnose other addictions. In particular, pathological gambling is compared to problematic Internet use because of overlapping criteria. This chapter describes the diagnostic and treatment implications of the disorder. As technology is used with great frequency, detection and diagnosis of Internet addiction is often difficult. Symptoms may be masked by legitimate use of the Internet, and clinicians may overlook asking questions about technology use because problem Internet use is still a new and often unrecognized condition. This chapter outlines diagnostic conceptualizations of problem Internet use along with assessment and treatment considerations and the newest inclusion in the DSM-5 for Internet Gaming Disorder.
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Grant, Jon E., and Brian L. Odlaug. Expanding the Formal Category of Impulse Control Disorders. Edited by Jon E. Grant and Marc N. Potenza. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195389715.013.0024.
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In addition to the formal impulse control disorders (ICDs), high rates of trait impulsiveness, sensation seeking, and dissociative qualities have been noted in several other disorders that share similar phenomenological, clinical, and possibly biological characteristics. These proposed disorders include pathological skin picking, compulsive buying, problematic Internet use, and compulsive sexual behavior. Elevated rates of co-occurring ICDs within both the formal and proposed ICDs suggest that at least some of the proposed ICDs may share a common pathophysiology with some of the formal ICDs. Although research has only recently begun to explore pharmacological and psychosocial treatments for the ICDs, studies have shown a similar response between the formal and the proposed ICDs. Future development in understanding the relationship between these disorders will help to refine views of the psychopathology and taxonomy of these conditions.
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Stein, Dan J. Typical and atypical mental disorders: Moral implications for academic–industry collaborations. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722373.003.0013.
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This chapter draws on cognitive–affective science findings about categorization in order to contrast more typical disorders with more atypical disorders. It focuses on a few atypical mental disorders (substance use disorders, pathological gambling) as key exemplars. Some moral implications for individual and public healthcare are considered, with a focus on the ethics of collaborations between clinicians and those involved in industry. Collaborations between academic institutions and industry partners raise the potential for conflicts of interest and other problems. The pharmaceutical industry is sometimes viewed as a ‘good’ industry that can go wrong, while the tobacco industry is viewed as a ‘bad’ industry that can do no right. The alcohol and gambling industries present a continuum of benefits and harms that needs to be acknowledged, and there are important opportunities for these industries to do more good for those suffering from or at risk for substance use and related conditions.
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Al-Nahhas, Adil, and Imene Zerizer. Nuclear medicine. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0070.
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The application of nuclear medicine techniques in the diagnosis and management of rheumatological conditions relies on its ability to detect physiological and pathological changes in vivo, usually at an earlier stage compared to structural changes visualized on conventional imaging. These techniques are based on the in-vivo administration of a gamma-emitting radionuclide whose distribution can be monitored externally using a gamma camera. To guide a radionuclide to the area of interest, it is usually bound to a chemical label to form a 'radiopharmaceutical'. There are hundreds of radiopharmaceuticals in clinical use with different 'homing' mechanisms, such as 99 mTc HDP for bone scan and 99 mTc MAA for lung scan. Comparing pre- and posttherapy scans can aid in monitoring response to treatment. More recently, positron emission tomography combined with simultaneous computed tomography (PET/CT) has been introduced into clinical practice. This technique provides superb spatial resolution and anatomical localization compared to gamma-camera imaging. The most widely used PET radiopharmaceutical, flurodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), is a fluorinated glucose analogue, which can detect hypermetabolism and has therefore been used in imaging and monitoring response to treatment of a variety of cancers as well as inflammatory conditions such as vasculitis, myopathy, and arthritides. Other PET radiopharmaceuticals targeting inflammation and activated macrophages are becoming available and could open new frontiers in PET imaging in rheumatology. Nuclear medicine procedures can also be used therapeutically. Beta-emitting radiopharmaceuticals, such as yttrium-90, invoke localized tissue damage at the site of injection and can be used in the treatment of synovitis.
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Stevens, Daryl, ed. Growing Crops with Reclaimed Wastewater. CSIRO Publishing, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643093522.
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This comprehensive work examines the fundamentals required for reclaimed water schemes to deliver sustainable farming operations that achieve the yield and quality of produce necessary for acceptance in the market.
 Growing Crops with Reclaimed Wastewater reviews the historical background of water treatment, its use and disposal from Australian wastewater treatment facilities and the technologies now utilised to treat our wastewater for reuse. The major concerns of chemical, physical and pathological qualities of reclaimed water are addressed, ensuring that the environmental, economic and social requirements of today’s society are met.
 It reviews the state and national regulatory requirements and guidelines that have made Australia a world leader in the management of reclaimed water and also examines the guidance in the United States of America (Federal) and in California, the World Health Organization guidance and the situation in Israel.
 This is the first time such a definitive review has been produced on the use of wastewater for horticulture and it will be a key tool for decision makers, researchers and practitioners to understand the main issues and constraints. It will be of particular interest to agricultural scientists, waste and horticulture consultants, engineers, planners, state agencies, environmental officers and students.
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Duffield, Jeremy S. Disordered scarring and failure of repair. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0140.
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Scarring is the name given to fibrous tissue accumulation in the skin, which, when it forms elsewhere, is known as fibrosis, but the terms are frequently used interchangeably. The scientific study of fibrosis or scarring was established and developed in skin wounding, as a part of the normal repair response, long before it was appreciated that pathological fibrosis or scarring occurs as a consequence of sustained or iterative injury to internal organs. Increasing experimental evidence indicates that the process of skin wounding with scarring is very similar to the process of organ injury with fibrosis detected in vital organs including the kidney. Kidney fibrosis develops in glomeruli, where it is known as glomerulosclerosis (literally hardening of glomeruli due to fibrotic tissue), or in the interstitial virtual space between tubules and peritubular capillaries, known as interstitial fibrosis. Increasingly fibrosis of the kidney and the cells that make fibrous tissue are seen as targets for therapeutic intervention in chronic diseases of the kidney.
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Thornton, Clare, and Justin Mason. Vascular biology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0057.
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Vascular biology is the study of the physiology of the vasculature and how it may be the target for disease processes. An understanding of vascular biology is central to the study of rheumatic disease for three reasons: it is an integral part of a functioning immune system; it is the primary site of pathology in many conditions; and it is the site of the important secondary complications of chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Vascular biology requires a detailed knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the vasculature and its constituent vessels. The multistep process by which leucocytes interact with endothelium lining postcapillary venules in order to leave the circulation and migrate towards a site of inflammation is central to the pathology of inflammatory disease. The vasculature is the primary site of injury in several rheumatic diseases, including the vasculitides. It may also be damaged by chronic inflammation, leading to endothelial dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis. Thrombosis is also a critical pathological process in several chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly the anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome and Behçet's syndrome. The vascular endothelium is central to angiogenesis, the process of new capillary outgrowth, upon which synovial proliferation in inflammatory arthritis is dependent. Angiogenesis is inhibited by current anti-rheumatic therapies and may become a target for novel anti-rheumatic drugs. An increasing area of research concerns the direct effects of drugs used in the treatment of atherosclerosis and inflammatory disease on the endothelium, and whether these agents are beneficial or harmful. Of particular interest to rheumatologists are the vascular effects of statins, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), immunosuppressants, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors.
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Thornton, Clare, and Justin Mason. Vascular biology. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0057_update_001.
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Vascular biology is the study of the physiology of the vasculature and how it may be the target for disease processes. An understanding of vascular biology is central to the study of rheumatic disease for three reasons: it is an integral part of a functioning immune system; it is the primary site of pathology in many conditions; and it is the site of the important secondary complications of chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Vascular biology requires a detailed knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the vasculature and its constituent vessels. The multistep process by which leucocytes interact with endothelium lining postcapillary venules in order to leave the circulation and migrate towards a site of inflammation is central to the pathology of inflammatory disease. The vasculature is the primary site of injury in several rheumatic diseases, including the vasculitides. It may also be damaged by chronic inflammation, leading to endothelial dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis. Thrombosis is also a critical pathological process in several chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly the anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome and Behçet’s syndrome. The vascular endothelium is central to angiogenesis, the process of new capillary outgrowth, upon which synovial proliferation in inflammatory arthritis is dependent. Angiogenesis is inhibited by current anti-rheumatic therapies and may become a target for novel anti-rheumatic drugs. An increasing area of research concerns the direct effects of drugs used in the treatment of atherosclerosis and inflammatory disease on the endothelium, and whether these agents are beneficial or harmful. Of particular interest to rheumatologists are the vascular effects of statins, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), immunosuppressants, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors.
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Howard, Colin R. Arenaviruses. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0032.
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There are few groups of viral zoonoses that have attracted such widespread publicity as the arenaviruses, particularly during the 1960’s and 1970’s when Lassa emerged as a major cause of haemorrhagic disease in West Africa. More than any other zoonoses, members of the family are used extensively for the study of virus-host relationships. Thus the study of this unique group of enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses has been pursued for two quite separate reasons. First, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCM) has been used as a model of persistent virus infections for over half a century; its study has contributed, and continues to contribute, a number of cardinal concepts to our present understanding of immunology. LCM virus remains the prototype of the Arenaviridae and is a common infection of laboratory mice, rats and hamsters. Once thought rare in humans there is now increasing evidence of LCM virus being implicated in renal disease and as a complication in organ transplantation. Second, certain arenaviruses cause severe haemorrhagic diseases in man, notably Lassa fever in Africa, Argentine and Bolivian haemorrhagic fevers in South America, Guaranito infection in Venezuela and Chaparé virus in Bolivia. The latter is a prime example for the need of ever-continuing vigilance for the emergence of new viral diseases; over the past few years several new arenaviruses have been reported as implicated with severe human disease and indeed the number of new arenaviruses discovered since the last edition of this book have increased the size of this virus family significantly.In common with LCM, the natural reservoir of these infections is a limited number of rodent species (Howard, 1986). Although the initial isolates from South America were at first erroneously designated as newly defined arboviruses, there is no evidence to implicate arthropod transmission for any arenavirus. However, similar methods of isolation and the necessity of trapping small animals have meant that the majority of arenaviruses have been isolated by workers in the arbovirus field. A good example of this is Guaranito virus that emerged during investigation of a dengue virus outbreak in Venezuela (Salas et al. 1991).There is an interesting spectrum of pathological processes among these viruses. All the evidence so far available suggests that the morbidity of Lassa fever and South American haemorrhagic fevers due to arenavirus infection results from the direct cytopathic action of these agents. This is in sharp contrast to the immunopathological basis of ‘classic’ lymphocytic choriomeningitis disease seen in adult mice infected with LCM virus and the use of this system for elucidating the phenomenon of H2-restriction of the host cytotoxic T cell response (Zinkernagel and Doherty 1979). Despite the utility of this experimental model for dissecting the nature of the immune response to virus infection and the growing interest in arenaviruses of rodents, there remains much to be done to elucidate the pathogenesis of these infections in humans.
Book chapters on the topic "Pathological internet use"
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Carli, Vladimir, and Tony Durkee. "Pathological Use of the Internet." In e-Mental Health. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20852-7_14.
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Richardson, Sunil, and Rakshit Vijay Sinai Khandeparker. "Cleft Rhinoplasty." In Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1346-6_76.
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AbstractCleft rhinoplasty is one of the most difficult and challenging aesthetic surgeries to carry out and bears a significant impact on the overall nasal aesthetics and function. Two reasons understood for this are the simultaneous involvement of all the layers of the nose including the skin, cartilage, skeleton and vestibular lining (this being the principal reason) and the significant scarring that is the consequence of multiple previous surgical interventions. There is a mention of numerous techniques for ultimate correction of unilateral and bilateral cleft nasal deformities but no single technique has till date provided a definite solution for correction of all the problems that accompany these deformities. There is a revised interest in performing primary rhinoplasties at the time of lip repair with or without presurgical orthopedics but these procedures may still warrant definitive rhinoplasty at a later date. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive review of cleft rhinoplasty in the most systematic manner beginning with the pathologic anatomy followed by surgical timing, pre-operative evaluation and surgical correction. The chapter also discusses the use of various grafts in a typical cleft rhinoplasty case as well as treatment strategy for management of both, unilateral and bilateral cleft nasal deformities. The outcomes as well as complications and a note on further revisions have also been presented.
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"Governing (through) the Internet: Pathological Computer Use as Mobilized Knowledge." In Expanding Addiction: Critical Essays. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203757321-28.
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Widyanto, Laura, and Mark Griffiths. "Unravelling the Web." In Adolescent Online Social Communication and Behavior. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-926-7.ch003.
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It has been alleged by some academics that excessive Internet use can be pathological and addictive. This chapter reviews what is known from the empirical literature on “Internet addiction” and its derivatives (e.g., Internet Addiction Disorder, Pathological Internet Use etc.) and assesses to what extent it exists. The chapter briefly overviews (i) the history and concept of Internet addiction, (ii) research on (adolescent and adult) Internet addiction, (iii) the attraction of the online world to adolescents, (iv) Internet users in their own words, an (v) an examination of online versus offline identity. The chapter has demonstrated that research into adolescent Internet addiction is a relatively little studied phenomenon although most effects found among adult users are thought to occur among adolescents too. In conclusion it would appear that if Internet addiction does indeed exist, it affects only a relatively small percentage of the online population and there is very little evidence that it is problematic among adolescents.
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Black, Donald W. "Impulse-control and its disorders, including pathological gambling." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, edited by John R. Geddes, Nancy C. Andreasen, and Guy M. Goodwin. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713005.003.0123.
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Impulse-control disorders (ICDs) are conditions, the hallmark of which is difficulty with emotional and behavioural self-regulation. Acknowledged in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition (DSM-III) as ‘disorders of impulse control not elsewhere classified’, the category was reorganized in DSM-5 as ‘disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders’. This chapter discusses oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), intermittent explosive disorder, kleptomania, pyromania, and gambling disorder. Several non-DSM conditions are also included: compulsive shopping, Internet addiction, and compulsive sexual behaviour. The latter conditions are often referred to as behavioural addictions, a category for disorders that appear to share commonalities with traditional substance use disorders but are not associated with the use of drugs or alcohol.
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Majchrzak, Paweł, and Martyna Kaflik-Pieróg. "Stres i radzenie sobie z nim a nadmierne zaangażowanie w Internet." In Zdrowie w cyklu życia człowieka. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/7525-700-7.18.
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The present study investigated the extent to which strategies of coping with stress and perception of stress determine the extent of usage of the Internet measured with Young’s Internet Addiction Scale. Analysis were conducted on a data set of 249 students. Different groups of variables determine pathological Internet use in male and female population. In the first group the factors explaining a variation of the dependent variable were: behavioral disengagement and perception of a situation as a threat. In the female group 2 strategies of coping with stress explained dependent variable: using psychoactive substance and non-use of an active coping.
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Gioka Sophia, Kefaliakos Antonis, Ioannou Andriani, Mechili Aggelos, and Diomidous Marianna. "Hospital based Treatment for Internet Addicts." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2014. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-423-7-279.
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The importance of recognizing the symptoms of Internet addiction constitutes the first step for treatment. Internet use can be pathological, and the percentage of addicted people is increasing while people become dependent on technology and Internet continues to develop. This study is a systematic litterature review. An electronic literature search was conducted using as keywords internet addiction, psychological implications, internet abuse etc. to the following databases: Medline, PubMed and Google Schoolar. The majority of research was conducted in Europe and in North America. We found 20 surveys. 9 were excluded on the basis of screening due to full text articles were not available. The final number of included surveys was 11. Hospitals and clinics have to emerge with outpatient treatment services for Internet addiction recovery, and in some cases there may be a need for addiction rehabilitation centers as admitted from people with Internet addiction into inpatient care.
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Volkan, Eliz, and Umut Çıvgın. "The Emerging Psychological Problem of the Digitalized World." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-8397-8.ch014.
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This chapter mainly aims to shed light on a rather overlooked phenomenon of pathological Internet use (PIU). Due to the rise of the technology, the global internet usage is almost inevitable, yet although it has many benefits, the dependency towards the internet usage (where it is specific or general) is an alarming psychological condition, especially for young adults and adolescents. The disorder and its related problems as well as treatment and intervention options that are evidence-based are reported. The results of treatment-outcome studies underlying the positive effects of CBT for PIU are presented. The necessity of more literature in the related field and the need for an official diagnosis for better understanding of etiology and treatment of PIU is underlined.
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Yokoyama, Olga T. "Healthy and pathological states of the cerebral hemispheres." In Pavlov on the Conditional Reflex. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190941871.003.0040.
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Abstract All the data introduced below concern the work of the cerebral hemispheres and were obtained using the method of conditional reflexes, reflexes formed during the individual existence of the animal. Since the concept of conditional reflexes hasn’t yet become generally known and accepted among physiologists, to avoid repetition, I refer the reader to my recent articles that appeared in this Archiv (1923). In the work of the cerebral hemispheres, based on clear empirical differences, we had to posit two kinds of inhibition, external and internal, to use our terminology. The former shows up in our conditional reflexes right away; the latter takes time to develop and is established gradually.
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Segovia F., Górriz J.M., Ramírez J., Chaves R., and Álvarez I. "Automatic differentiation between controls and Parkinson’s disease DaTSCAN images using a Partial Least Squares scheme and the Fisher Discriminant Ratio." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2012. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-105-2-2241.
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Imaging of dopamine transporters (DaT) has been introduced as a valuable tool to evaluate patients with several neuropsychiatrie disorders, such as Parkinson&rsquo;s disease (PD). Over the last decade, several computer applications have been developed in order to facilitate the exploration of DaT images to clinicians, however they require a high interaction with the user to delimit regions of interest (ROIs) and to obtain a diagnosis. In this paper we show a full automatic computed aided diagnosis (CAD) system for Parkinson&rsquo;s disease. We use a Partial Least Square scheme to decompose DaT images into scores and loading. Then, the scores with highest Fisher Discriminant Ratio are used as feature for a Support Vector Machine classifier that determines the state (normal of pathological) of a given DaT image. The evaluation of the system using a database with 178 images from controls and PD patients has produced accuracy rates of nearly 93%.
Conference papers on the topic "Pathological internet use"
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Bilke-Hentsch, O. "SOMOSA-Medialab – 3 years of experience in severe pathological Internet use." In Deutscher Suchtkongress 2017. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604668.
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Mirković, Momčilo, and Jovana Todorović. "Public health aspects of problematic ineternet use." In Proceedings of the International Congress Public Health - Achievements and Challenges. Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut", 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/batutphco24019m.
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Background: In recent years, problematic internet use has become a significant public health problem. Methods and Objectives: The method consists in a search of contemporary literature regarding the most important aspects of problematic Internet use. The main objective of this paper is to provide a basic overview of current scientific findings in conceptualization, measurement and research on problematic Internet use. Results: There is wide agreement that the Internet can serve as a tool that enhances well-being. It is more difficult, however, to find consensus around the issue of problematic Internet use. That may be in part because scientific investigation has lagged far behind technological advances and media attention. The diagnostic schemas that have been proposed since 1996, and the screening tools that have been developed, stress similarities with substance use, impulse control disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Problematic internet use generally refers to use of Internet content that is out of control and leads to difficulties in daily functioning. That includes generalized problematic internet use, but also specific forms, such as problematic use of video games, social networks and pornography. Prevalence figures vary as a function of the diagnostic definition used, the age group studied, and whether the surveys were conducted online. Studies suggest high comorbidity rates with mood disorders and, among younger individuals, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Treatment should address any comorbid conditions present, as those may be causing, or exacerbating, problematic Internet use. Interventions that may specifically target problematic Internet use include cognitive behavioral therapy, but detailed guidelines must await further studies. For a medium that has so radically changed how we conduct our lives, the Internet's effects on our psychology remain understudied. Conclusions: More research is needed into the pathophysiology, epidemiology, natural course, and treatment of problematic Internet use. In addition, the more subtle psychological changes, such as disinhibition, that seem to characterize people's online behavior also deserve attention, even if they cannot be seen as necessarily pathological.
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Piazza, Stephen J., and Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky. "On the Use of Induced End Effector Force Analysis for Determining Muscle Roles During Movement." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176695.
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It is often of interest in studies of human movement to quantify the function of a muscle force or muscular joint torque. Such information is useful for the identification of the causes of movement disorders and for predicting the effects of interventions including surgical procedures, targeted muscle strengthening, focal treatments for spasticity, and functional electrical stimulation. One useful way to characterize the actions of muscle forces or muscular joint torques is to create linked-segment models of the body and analyze these linkages to determine the joint angular accelerations or end effector forces that result solely from the application of the muscle force or torque in question. Such induced acceleration (IA) analyses or induced end effector force (IEF) analyses have been applied most often to quantify muscle function during normal and pathological walking [1,2].
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Kouklou, Demetris. "HOW DOES INTERNET ADDICTION AFFECTS THE FUTURE OF TOURISM?" In Tourism International Scientific Conference Vrnjačka Banja - TISC. FACULTY OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM IN VRNJAČKA BANJA UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52370/tisc22213dk.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the kind and frequency of higher education students in Cyprus pathological behaviors related to internet addiction, as observed by higher education lecturers. A quantitative approach was used to analyze and understand in which level internet obsession ascends, the way in which it affects all aspects of higher education students’ life and their involvement at professional hospitality and tourism workplace and the kinds of programs and policies that could be used in schools to prevent internet compulsion. As a result, to affect the quality of service and the future of tourism in Cyprus. Corresponding to the results of this research, higher education teachers encounter very often the students with internet addiction in their theoretical and practical classes and they observe several symptoms such as distraction and mental absence from class. Thus, this research shows that students’ results are very influenced by internet addiction and their level of involvement in school. Last, according to the results of this research, prevention policies should focus on school policies and practices to understand the phenomenon of internet addiction.
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Ahad, Fazle R., Koffi Enakoutsa, Kiran N. Solanki, Yustianto Tjipowidjojo, and Douglas J. Bammann. "A Physically Motivated Internal State Variable Plasticity/Damage Model Embedded With a Length Scale for Hazmat Tank Cars’ Structural Integrity Applications." In 2011 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2011-56063.
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In this study, we use a physically-motivated internal state variable plasticity/damage model containing a mathematical length scale to represent the material behavior in finite element (FE) simulations of a large scale boundary value problem. This problem consists of a moving striker colliding against a stationary hazmat tank car. The motivations are (1) to reproduce with high fidelity finite deformation and temperature histories, damage, and high rate phenomena which arise during the impact and (2) to address the pathological mesh size dependence of the FE solution in the post-bifurcation regime. We introduce the mathematical length scale in the model by adopting a nonlocal evolution equation for the damage, as suggested by Pijaudier-Cabot and Bazant (1987) in the context of concrete. We implement this evolution equation into existing implicit and explicit versions of the FE subroutines of the plasticity/failure model. The results of the FE simulations, carried out with the aid of Abaqus/Explicit FE code, show that the material model, accounting for temperature histories and nonlocal damage effects, satisfactorily predicts the damage progression during the tank car impact accident and significantly reduces the pathological mesh size effects.
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Ahmad, Rabeel, Rebekah Dietrich, and Munaza Khan. "Review of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures and Patient-Centered Approaches to Care." In 28th Annual Rowan-Virtua Research Day. Rowan University Libraries, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31986/issn.2689-0690_rdw.stratford_research_day.202_2024.
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Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are defined as involuntary experiential and behavioral responses to internal or external stimuli. They are behaviors, not associated with pathological alterations in the physiology of the brain. Although some of them mimic syncope, they have historically been regarded to clinically resemble epileptic episodes. There is a multiplicity of different names for this condition. PNES is the most widely used term, though the term "functional seizures" is increasingly used. Alternatives such as "psychogenic seizures," "dissociative seizures," "psychogenic nonepileptic attacks" (PNEA), and "nonepileptic seizures" are also used.
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Yoon, Sang-Hee, Vimalier Reyes-Ortiz, and Mohammad R. K. Mofrad. "MEMS-Based Microballoons Achieving Multidirectional Large-Strain for Cell Mechanics Studies." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206853.
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The influence of mechanical stresses on cells has been a topic of special interest [1]. Attention is being focused on the cell-to-cell and cell-to-surrounding interactions and the mechanical stimuli that could be directly linked with functional adaption and pathological conditions of each cell or cluster of cells [2]. The aim of this research is to understand the biomechanical roles of cellular junctions on epithelial cells, exposed to a large multidirectional and uniform strain, using a microballoon (MB) platform. Quantitative measurement on strain values can be used to determine the necessary strains at which intercellular and cell-to-substrate connections are disassembled. This will provide information for characterizing cell-to-cell and cell-to-substrate adhesions during biological development and/or diseases.
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Martin, Bryn A., Wojciech Kalata, John N. Oshinski, Francis Loth, and Thomas J. Royston. "Construction and Validation of a Complaint Model of the Cerebrospinal Fluid System With Fluid Filled Syrinx." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-62033.
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A simplified model of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system with compliant fluid filled syrinx has been constructed, tested, and verified to closely mimic the in-vivo flow conditions observed through MRI imaging of the pathological CSF system with syringomyelia. The model is subjected to a MRI derived CSF flow waveform from a patient with Syringomyelia through use of a computer controlled pulsatile pump. Model geometry, flow waveform, and spinal cord compliance are obtained at three axial locations along the system through MRI image processing techniques. MRI testing was conducted with the syrinx open and closed to the external environment. Results indicate that the internal and external flow waveforms were in opposite directions when the syrinx was closed and in unison when the syrinx was open. The observed flow waveform and compliance measurements closely mimicked the in-vivo case when the syrinx is open to the external environment.
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Chokhandre, Snehal, and Ahmet Erdemir. "A Multiscale Specimen-Specific Data Set to Enable Comprehensive Modeling and Simulation of the Tibiofemoral Joint." In ASME 2013 Conference on Frontiers in Medical Devices: Applications of Computer Modeling and Simulation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fmd2013-16117.
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The tibiofemoral joint is a complex structure and its overall mechanical response is dictated by its numerous substructures at both macro and micro levels. An in-depth understanding of the mechanics of the joint is necessary to develop preventative measures and treatment options for pathological conditions and common injuries. Finite element (FE) analysis is a widely used tool in joint biomechanics studies focused on understanding the underlying mechanical behavior at joint, tissue and cell levels [1]. Studies, regardless of their purpose (descriptive or predictive), when employing FE analysis, require anatomical and mechanical data at single or multiple scales. It is also critical that FE representations are validated and closely represent specifics of the joint of interest, anatomically and mechanically. This is an utmost need if these models are intended to be used to support clinical decision making (in surgery or for rehabilitation) and for the development of implants.
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Cavina, Nicolò, and Fabrizio Ponti. "Engine Torque Non-Uniformity Evaluation Using Instantaneous Crankshaft Speed Signal." In ASME 2001 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-ice-436.
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Abstract The paper presents the development of a methodology for evaluating the torque non-uniformity between the various cylinders of an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). This non-uniformity can be due, for example, to pathological operating conditions such as misfires or misfuels, as well as to other abnormal operating conditions. Between the nominal torque production and the one corresponding to the absence of combustion there exist, in fact, a series of possible intermediate conditions. Each of them corresponds to a value of produced torque that lies between the nominal value and the one corresponding to the lack of combustion (due for example to statistical dispersion in manufacturing or aging in the injection system). The diagnosis of this type of non-uniformity is a very important issue in today’s engine control strategies design. The use of the developed methodology should in fact allow the control strategy to adopt the appropriate interventions if the diagnosed non-uniformity is related to different behavior of the injectors. In order to evaluate this torque production variability between the various cylinders, information hidden in the instantaneous crankshaft speed fluctuations has been processed using a suitable methodology. The procedure has been validated running a supercharged 2.0 liters V6 engine, and a 1.2 liters L4 engine, in a test cell. During the tests, the in-cylinder pressure signal has been acquired together with the instantaneous engine speed, in order to determine a correlation between speed fluctuations and the indicated torque produced by each cylinder. The actual cylinder by cylinder torque non-uniformity can then be evaluated on-board by processing engine speed. The procedure is able to diagnose the absence of combustion (due for example to a misfire or a misfuel) as well as abnormal combustions that do not necessarily involve lack of combustion, with the accuracy needed for on-board use. Control interventions to injection and ignition time commands of one or more cylinders should in most cases be able to re-establish torque production uniformity.
Reports on the topic "Pathological internet use"
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Wang, He, Jun Chen, Xiaoling Wang, and Jun Dang. Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor in combination with chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in resectable esophageal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0052.
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Review question / Objective: It remains unclear whether addition of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) can increase antitumor efficacy in resectable esophageal cancer (EC). we performed the systematic review and meta-analysis to assess antitumor efficacy and safety of nICRT and nICT, and made a comparison with nCRT and nICT. We used pathological complete response (pCR) as the primary outcomes of interest. Condition being studied: Initial findings from a number of phase 1 or 2 trials have supported the tolerability and/or antitumor efficacy of ICI plus nICRT (nICRT) and nICT (nICT). However, the superiority of this combination strategy remains uncertain due to lack of randomized control trials (RCTs) with long-term outcomes. Moreover, there are still outstanding questions such as the selection of nICRT or nICT, the ideal predictive biomarkers, and timing of surgical resection.
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Bogdanov, Sergey I. Electronic educational resource "Ambulance and emergency medical care for mental disorders and behavioral disorders at the prehospital stage". SIB-Expertise, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0784.29012024.
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The Electronic educational resource (hereinafter referred to as EER) “Basic aspects of narcology” is designed for 36 training hours. This distance learning course aims to develop communicative competence, prepare for solving standard problems of professional activity using information resources, medical and biological terminology, and is also aimed at optimizing the educational process at the university, creating conditions for achieving the required level of modern education and comprehensive development of the personality of students . The EER was developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education. Intended for medical school students as a material that allows future doctors to become more in-depth acquainted with the basic aspects of narcology, as well as for psychiatrists, psychiatrists-narcologists, and doctors of other specialties who, due to the specifics of their work, systematically interact with patients with drug addiction pathology. The EER was developed by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, highly qualified psychiatrist-narcologist with 37 years of experience in the specialty of psychiatry-narcology. The structure of the EER is classic and includes an abstract, glossary, instructions for working with the course, brief information about the authors, a methodological block, 4 lectures in presentation format and video lectures on the following topics: “Ethanol from the birth of modern civilization to the creation of new stars”, “Alcoholism”, “General issues of addiction” and “Classification of substances and drugs that cause addiction.” To control the studied material, clinical tasks and final testing on the topic being studied are used. To receive feedback from cadets and students, there is a feedback form. A student who has mastered the program is able to possess professional competencies, including the ability to: professionally navigate issues of terminology and definitions related to the subject of the educational material; master the amount of knowledge on the mechanisms of the effects of psychoactive substances on the human body; correctly navigate the issues of modern classification of surfactants; correctly diagnose pathological conditions associated with chronic ethanol intoxication; apply distance educational technologies (DET) in professional activities; use automated information systems and knowledge bases in professional activities.
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Bogdanov, Sergey I. Electronic educational resource "Basic aspects of narcology". SIB-Expertise, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0783.29012024.
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The electronic educational resource (hereinafter referred to as EER) “Basic aspects of narcology” is designed for 36 training hours. This distance learning course aims to develop communicative competence, prepare for solving standard problems of professional activity using information resources, medical and biological terminology, and is also aimed at optimizing the educational process at the university, creating conditions for achieving the required level of modern education and comprehensive development of the personality of students . The EER was developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education. Intended for medical school students as a material that allows future doctors to become more in-depth acquainted with the basic aspects of narcology, as well as for psychiatrists, psychiatrists-narcologists, and doctors of other specialties who, due to the specifics of their work, systematically interact with patients with drug addiction pathology. The EER was developed by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, highly qualified psychiatrist-narcologist with 37 years of experience in the specialty of psychiatry-narcology. The structure of the EER is classic and includes an abstract, glossary, instructions for working with the course, brief information about the authors, a methodological block, 4 lectures in presentation format and video lectures on the following topics: “Ethanol from the birth of modern civilization to the creation of new stars”, “Alcoholism”, “General issues of addiction” and “Classification of substances and drugs that cause addiction.” To control the studied material, clinical tasks and final testing on the topic being studied are used. To receive feedback from cadets and students, there is a feedback form. A student who has mastered the program is able to possess professional competencies, including the ability to: professionally navigate issues of terminology and definitions related to the subject of the educational material; master the amount of knowledge on the mechanisms of the effects of psychoactive substances on the human body; correctly navigate the issues of modern classification of surfactants; correctly diagnose pathological conditions associated with chronic ethanol intoxication; apply distance educational technologies (DET) in professional activities; use automated information systems and knowledge bases in professional activities.